A COMPOSITION WITH FUNGICIDAL AND BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY, A PROCESS FOR ITS PREPARATION, AND A METHOD FOR PREVENTING AND CONTROLLING INFECTIONS CAUSED BY PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS
Patent Information
- Application Number
- ARP20200100925
- Authority / Receiving Office
- AR · AR
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2019-04-03
- Filing Date
- 2020-04-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2040-04-02
Abstract
Description
COMPOSITIONS BASED ON COLLOIDAL SILVER AND METHODS OF USE OF THEY TO PREVENT AND CONTROL PLANT DISEASES Field of invention The invention relates generally to a composition with antimicrobial activity for use in plants and more specifically to a composition containing colloidal silver, a method of preparing them, and a method of using them to prevent and control plant diseases caused by fungi and bacteria. Background of the invention Agricultural production is reduced worldwide every year due to plant diseases; consequently, millions of dollars have been invested in efforts to control these diseases. For example, direct losses caused by pathogens, animals, and weeds, combined, range from 20% to 40% of global agricultural productivity (Strange and Scott, 2005). Emerging infectious diseases caused by bacterial or fungal plant pathogens can become unexpected epidemics and 921960 of 39 severe, due to the effect of various characteristics of the pathogen, the host and the environment. Various natural and artificial control methods have been applied to protect plants against these diseases. Among these methods, the use of pesticides is the most prevalent. In recent years, the environmental hazards caused by the overuse of pesticides and the health risks to workers who handle them have been widely discussed; consequently, scientists in the agricultural field are seeking alternatives to pesticides. Therefore, there is still a need for environmentally friendly agents that are non-toxic to host plants or other multicellular organisms to prevent and control infections caused by pathogenic organisms. Summary of the invention The present invention relates to the aforementioned need in numerous aspects. In one aspect, the present invention provides a composition with fungicidal and bactericidal activity for preventing and controlling infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms in the 2 921960 of 39 plants, such as plant surface organs. The composition comprises water, colloidal silver, a methyl vinyl ether copolymer, African palm vegetable oil, polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether, triethanolamine, sodium hydroxide, and sodium benzoate. In some embodiments, the composition comprises: between 73% and 95% water, between 0.1% and 20% colloidal silver, between 0.5% and 5.5% methyl vinyl ether copolymer, between 0.01% and 15.00% African palm vegetable oil, between 0.05% and 0.2% polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether, between 0.02% and 0.09% triethanolamine, between 0.02% and 0.05% sodium hydroxide, and between 0.005% and 0.015% sodium benzoate. In some embodiments, the composition essentially consists of: 90.56% water, 5.00% colloidal silver, 3.50% methyl vinyl ether copolymer, 0.745% African palm vegetable oil, 0.099% polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether, 0.052% triethanolamine, 0.035% sodium hydroxide, and 0.009% sodium benzoate. In some embodiments, the composition consists essentially of: 90.56% water, 5.00% colloidal silver, 3.50% methyl vinyl ether copolymer, 3 921960 3 of 39 0.745% African palm vegetable oil, 0.099% polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether, 0.052% triethanolamine, 0.035% sodium hydroxide and 0.009% sodium benzoate. In some embodiments, the water is distilled or deionized water. In some embodiments, the African palm oil is characterized by: a specific gravity of between 0.925 and 0.935 g / ml; a melting point of between 19°C and 26°C; a refractive index at 40°C of between 1.45 and 1.452; a saponification point of between 239 and 257 mg / g; and an iodine content of between 12 and 18 g per 100 g of the composition. In some embodiments, sodium hydroxide is used to neutralize the African palm oil. In some embodiments, colloidal silver has the following characteristics: (a) it is colloidal silver suspended in distilled water and is produced by dispersion according to published guidelines (NIST 2012) or by electrical methods using silver electrodes; (b) it has an atomic mass of 107.868 g / mol; (c) it has a melting point of 960.5°C; (d) it has a boiling point of 2000°C; (e) it has a density at 15°C of 10.49 g / mL; (f) it is not attacked by water or atmospheric oxygen; (g) it is darkened by ozone and hydrogen sulfide; (h) it is inert to many acids and reacts readily with dilute nitric acid and acid 4 921960 of 39 hot sulfuric; and (i) it is not sensitive to light in its metallic form. In some embodiments, the colloidal silver particles have an average size between 60 nm and 140 nm. In some embodiments, at least 50% of the colloidal silver particles have a size between 60 nm and 140 nm. In some embodiments, at least 90% of the colloidal silver particles have a size between 60 nm and 140 nm. In some embodiments, the pathogenic microorganism is a fungus or a bacterium. The fungus may be one of the plant pathogenic fungi, such as Blumeria, Sphaerotheca, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Colletotrichum, Botrytis, Magnaporthe, Pythium, Puccinia, Erysiphe, Alternaria, Pseudoperonospora, Plasmodiophora, Sclerotinia, Fulvia, Peronospora, Ustilago, or Rhizopus. In some realizations, the infection caused by the pathogenic fungus may be one of powdery mildew, late rust, Rhizoctonia disease, gray mold, damping-off, early rust, wilt, anthracnose, stem rot, or disease caused by Alternaria, Sclerotium disease, clover root rot, seed rot, black rot, 5 921960 of 39 leaf spot, root rot, rust, blight, sooty mold, soft mold, soft rot and brown patch. In some embodiments, the pathogenic bacterium may be one of Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, Erwinia, Clavibacter, Ralstonia, Burkholderia, or Agrobacterium. In some embodiments, the infection caused by the pathogenic bacterium may be one of leaf spot, bacterial rusts, fire blight, ring rot, gangrenous cankers, black rot, galls, crown gall, scab, or bacterial wilt. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises an agriculturally acceptable carrier. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises a second fungicidal agent and / or a second bactericidal agent. Furthermore, within the scope of the present invention is a fertilizer, formulated from the composition as described, for controlling pathogenic microorganisms. In some embodiments, the fertilizer may further include an agriculturally acceptable carrier. In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preventing and controlling infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms in surface organs 6 921960 of 39 plants, using a composition as described above. In some embodiments, the method may include applying the composition to the surface of a plant or part thereof (e.g., leaf, fruit, flower, stem, root). In some embodiments, the method may include applying the composition to the site of infection on the plant. In some embodiments, the method may include applying the composition as a spray, mist, or dropper. In another aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing the above-described composition for preventing and controlling infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms in plant surface organs. The method includes: (a) placing 3.7-11.1 kg of African palm oil in a 150-liter stainless steel container and heating the African palm oil until it melts; (b) slowly adding 1 L of a 180-530 g / L sodium hydroxide solution and stirring until the African palm oil dissolves; (c) adding 500-1500 g of polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether and 260-780 g of triethanolamine; (d) adding water to obtain 100 L of the solution and stirring to form a homogeneous white suspension; (e) adding 50-140 g of sodium benzoate and stirring until the sodium benzoate is completely dissolved. (f) add 77.3-85.8 l of water 7 921960 of 39 and 2.5-7.5 l of colloidal silver concentrate in a new 150 l stainless steel vessel and while stirring, add 10 l of the solution obtained in step (e); (g) after stirring for 5 minutes, add 1.75-5.25 kg of the methyl vinyl ether copolymer, wherein the methyl vinyl ether copolymer was previously polymerized in a stainless steel vessel containing 1.75-5.25 l of deionized water at 40°C; and (h) stir continuously until the resulting mixture becomes clear and viscous. In some embodiments, the method includes: (a) placing 7.45 kg of African palm oil in a 150 l stainless steel container; (b) heat the African palm oil until melted; (c) slowly add 1 liter of a 350 g / l sodium hydroxide solution and stir until the African palm oil dissolves; (d) add 990 g of polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether and 520 g of triethanolamine; (d) add water to obtain 100 L of the solution and stir to form a homogeneous white suspension; (e) add 90 g of sodium benzoate and stir until the sodium benzoate is completely dissolved; (f) add 81.5 L of water and 5 L of colloidal silver concentrate to a new 150 L stainless steel vessel and, while stirring, add 10 L of the solution obtained in step (e); (g) after stirring for 5 921960 of 39 minutes, add 3.5 kg of the methyl vinyl ether copolymer, wherein the methyl vinyl ether copolymer was previously polymerized in a stainless steel container containing 3.5 l of 40°C deionized water; and (h) stir continuously until the resulting mixture becomes clear and viscous. The composition prepared by the processes described above is also within the scope of the present invention. The preceding summary is not intended to define all aspects of the invention, and other aspects are described in other sections, such as the following detailed description. The complete document is intended to be considered as a unified invention, and it should be understood that all combinations of features described herein are contemplated, even if the combination of features does not appear together in the same sentence, paragraph, or section of this document. Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating specific embodiments of the invention, are given only as examples, because various changes and modifications 9 921960 of 39 within the spirit and scope of the invention will be evident to those skilled in the art from the present detailed description. Detailed description of the invention The antimicrobial properties of silver have been widely recognized and proven effective as a topical antimicrobial in human use. To address the need for the development of effective, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly antimicrobial agents that respond to the ubiquitous diseases caused by bacteria and fungi, the present invention provides a colloidal silver-based composition capable of preventing and controlling infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms in plant surface organs through a contact (e.g., non-systemic) mode of action. The composition comprises colloidal silver as an active / effective component, in which the colloidal silver is mixed with natural polymers and triglycerides. When the composition is applied to a plant, it forms a microfilm on the plant surface and its parts. It prevents the development of fungal and bacterial infections, without any side effects on the leaf epidermis or 10 921960 of 39 no other plant surface. Due to the nature of the composition and the non-systemic application, it is non-toxic to plant, animal and human hosts and does not pollute ecosystems. The composition comprises an emulsion containing colloidal silver that functions as a fungicide and bactericide, preventing and controlling many plant diseases caused by pathogenic fungi and bacteria. The mechanisms involved in the antimicrobial activity of colloidal silver may include: (1) alteration and damage to the membrane structure of a microorganism, increasing its permeability and disrupting transport functions, leading to cell death; (2) penetration of a microorganism and interaction with phosphorus- and sulfur-containing compounds, such as DNA and proteins; (3) loss of DNA replication capacity; (4) inactivation of certain enzymes; (5) disruption of the respiratory chain; and (6) generation of hydrogen peroxide and free radicals. The antimicrobial activity exerted by the composition is multifaceted and employs the principles of microfilm technology and surface chemical composition: (1) When applied to plants, the composition forms a microfilm that serves as a physical barrier 921960 of 39 is effective against microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, fungi). The composition is an aqueous suspension of lipids with a high level of saturation that has a protective effect, in which alkaline salts of fatty acids (e.g., fatty acids from African palm oil) associated with the methyl vinyl ether copolymer and colloidal silver generate the effective protective microfilm. The microfilm is generated by the chemical bonding between the polymers and triacylglycerols.The mixture of alkaline salts of fatty acids present in these lipids blocks the penetration of microbial structures; (2) after the microfilm is formed, the embedded colloidal silver can come into direct contact with microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, fungi) on the surface of a plant organ; (3) when applied near fungi and bacteria on the surface of plants and their parts, the composition neutralizes the enzymes that the microorganisms use to metabolize oxygen and (4) at the same time, it alters the permeability of the membrane of the unicellular organism and induces the effective suffocation of the microorganism. One of the advantages of the disclosed composition is that the methyl vinyl ether copolymer used in the formulation creates an invisible mesh that holds the components together. 921960 of 39 together without interfering with the normal functioning of the plant tissue and allowing cell regeneration in the plant tissue that was previously infected. In some embodiments, the composition according to the present invention comprises water, colloidal silver, methyl vinyl ether copolymer, African palm vegetable oil, polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether, triethanolamine, sodium hydroxide, and sodium benzoate. In some embodiments, the composition comprises: between 73% and 95% water, between 0.1% and 20% colloidal silver, between 0.5% and 5.5% methyl vinyl ether copolymer, between 0.01% and 15.00% African palm vegetable oil, between 0.05% and 0.2% polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether, between 0.02% and 0.05% sodium hydroxide, and between 0.005% and 0.015% sodium benzoate. In some embodiments, the composition comprises: 90.56% water, 5.00% colloidal silver, 2.50% methyl vinyl ether copolymer, 0.745% African palm vegetable oil, 0.099% polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether, 0.052% triethanolamine, 0.035% sodium hydroxide, and 0.009% sodium benzoate. 921960 of 39 In some embodiments, the composition consists of: 90.56% water, 5.00% colloidal silver, 3.50% methyl vinyl ether copolymer, 0.745% African palm vegetable oil, 0.099% polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether, 0.052% triethanolamine, 0.035% sodium hydroxide, and 0.009% sodium benzoate. In some embodiments, the water is distilled or deionized water. In some embodiments, the African palm oil is characterized by: a specific gravity of 0.925–0.935 g / ml; a melting point of 19–26°C; a refractive index at 40°C of 1.45–1.452; a saponification point of 239–257 mg / g; and an iodine content of 12–18 g per 100 g of the composition. In some embodiments, sodium hydroxide is used to neutralize the African palm oil. In some formulations, colloidal silver has the following characteristics: (a) is silver suspended in distilled water and produced by dispersion in accordance with published guidelines (NIST 2012) or by electrical methods of silver electrodes; (b) has an atomic mass of 107.868 g / mol; (c) has a melting point of 960.5°C; (d) has a boiling point of 2000°C; 921960 of 39 (e) has a density at 15°C of 10.49 g / ml; (f) is not attacked by water or atmospheric oxygen; (g) it is darkened by ozone and hydrogen sulfide; (h) is inert to many acids and reacts readily with dilute nitric acid and hot sulfuric acid; and (i) is not sensitive to light in its metallic form. The process for preparing the composition can utilize a generator, such as a Robey device. The generator uses a 110-volt power supply, a current controller, two silver electrodes, and a cellulose filter. The cellulose filter restricts the passage of silver colloids with an average particle size between less than 60 nm and greater than 600 nm. In some embodiments, the colloidal silver particles have an average size between 60 nm and 600 nm. In some embodiments, at least 10% (e.g., at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, 100%) of the colloidal silver particles have a size between 60 nm and 600 nm. In some embodiments, at least 90% of the colloidal silver particles have a 921960 of 39 size between 60 nm and 600 nm. In some embodiments, at least 10% (e.g., at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 60%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, 100%) of the colloidal silver particles of the composition exist as nanoparticles having a size between 60 nm and 100 nm. In some embodiments, the pathogenic microorganism is a fungus or a bacterium. The fungus may be one of several plant pathogenic fungi, including, but not limited to, Blumeria, Sphaerotheca, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Colletotrichum, Botrytis, Magnaporthe, Pythium, Puccinia, Erysiphe, Alternaria, Pseudoperonospora, Plasmodiophora, Sclerotinia, Fulvia, Peronospora, Ustilago, and Rhizopus. Examples of infection caused by the pathogenic fungus include, but are not limited to, powdery mildew, late rust, Rhizoctonia disease, gray mold, damping-off, early rust, wilt, anthracnose, stem rot, Alternaria disease, Sclerotium disease, clover root, seed rot, black rot, leaf spot, root rot, rust, 16 921960 of 39 blights, sooty mold, soft mold, soft rot and brown patch. The composition inhibits the growth and development of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In some embodiments, examples of pathogenic bacteria include, but are not limited to, Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, Erwinia, Clavibacter, Ralstonia, and Burkholderia. Agrobacterium. In some realizations, infection caused by pathogenic bacteria includes, but is not limited to, leaf spot, bacterial rusts, fire blight, ring rot, gangrenous cankers, black rot, galls, crown gall, scab, and bacterial wilt. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises a compatible or acceptable agricultural carrier. The compatible or acceptable agricultural carrier may be an adhesion agent or a surfactant. Also within the scope of the present invention is a fertilizer, formulated from the described composition, for controlling pathogenic microorganisms. In some embodiments, the fertilizer may further include an acceptable agricultural carrier. 921960 of 39 A “compatible agricultural carrier” or “acceptable agricultural carrier” refers to any material, other than water, that can be added to a composition without causing or having an adverse effect on the plant or similar. In some embodiments, the carrier may be a solid or a liquid carrier and be in various forms, including microspheres, powders, emulsions, and the like. The carrier may be one or more of any of numerous carriers that confer a variety of properties, such as stability, wetting ability, or dispersibility.In some embodiments, examples of the carrier include, but are not limited to, alginate, gums, starches, lecithins, formononetin, polyvinyl alcohol, alkali metal formononetinate, hesperetin, polyvinyl acetate, cephalins, gum arabic, xanthan gum, mineral oil, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), arabinogalactan, methylcellulose, PEG 400, chitosan, polyacrylamide, polyacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, glycerol, triethylene glycol, vinyl acetate, gellan gum, polystyrene, polyvinyl, carboxymethylcellulose, Ghatti gum, and polyoxyethylene and polyoxybutylene block copolymers. The carrier may be non-natural compounds, such as polymers and copolymers. For example, non-exhaustive examples of polymers that can be used as an adhesive agent include the following: polyvinyl acetates. 921960 of 39 polyvinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl alcohol copolymers, celluloses (for example, ethylcelluloses, methylcelluloses, hydroxymethylcelluloses, hydroxypropylcelluloses and carboxymethylcelluloses), polyvinylpyrolidones, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride copolymers, calcium lignosulfonates, acrylic copolymers, polyvinyl acrylates, polyethylene oxide, acylamide polymers and copolymers, polyhydroxyethyl acrylate, methylacrylamide monomers and polychloroprene. In some embodiments, the composition also contains a surfactant. Non-exhaustive examples of surfactants include nitrogen and surfactant mixtures such as Prefer 28 (Cenex), Surf-N (US), Inhance (Brandt), P-28 (Wilfarm), and Patrol (Helena); esterified seed oils include Sun-It II (AmCy), MSO (UAP), Scoil (Agsco), Hasten (Wilfarm), and Mes-100 (Drexel); and organosilicone surfactants include Silwet L77 (UAP), Silikin (Terra), Dyne-Amic (Helena), Kinetic (Helena), Sylgard 309 (Wilbur-Ellis), and Century (Precision). In some embodiments, the surfactant is present at a concentration of between 0.001% v / v and 10% v / v (e.g., between 0.001% v / v and 1% v / v). 921960 of 39 In some embodiments, the composition may include a stabilizer. Such an agent may include one or more of trehalose, sucrose, glycerol, and methylene glycol. Other stabilizers include, but are not limited to, non-reducing sugars and sugar alcohols (e.g., mannitol or sorbitol). In some embodiments, the composition further comprises a second fungicidal agent and / or a second bactericidal agent. In some embodiments, it may be advantageous for the composition to include agents such as a fungicide, an antibacterial agent, or a nutrient. The agent is ideally one that does not raise safety concerns for human, animal, or industrial use (e.g., no safety issues or the compound is sufficiently labile that the resulting consumer product contains negligible amounts of the compound). As used herein, a fungicide includes a readily available synthetic chemical compound that is designed to protect a crop against pathogenic fungi and may have detrimental effects on the beneficial growth of fungi and / or bacteria when the host plant has been treated with the fungicide. Examples of fungicides include, but are not limited to, 2-(thiocyanatomethylthio)20 921960 of 39 benzothiazole, 2-phenylphenol, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate, ametoctradine, amisulbrom, antimycin, Ampelomyces quisqualis, azaconazole, azoxystrobin, Bacillus subtilis, benalaxyl, benomyl, bentiavalicarb-isopropyl, benzylaminobenzene sulfonate salt (BABS), bicarbonates, biphenyl, bismerthiazole, bitertanol, bixafen, blasticidin S, borax, Bordeaux mixture, boscalid, bromuconazole, bupirimate, calcium polysulfide, captafol, captan, carbendazim, carboxin, carpropamid, carvone, chloroneb, chlorothalonil, clozolinate, Coniothyrium minitans, copper hydroxide, copper octanoate, copper oxychloride, copper sulfate, copper sulfate (tribasic) dimethomorph, dimoxystrobin, diniconazole, diniconazol M, dinobuton,dinocap, diphenylamine, dithianon, dodemorph, dodemorph acetate, dodine, dodine-free base, edifenfos, enestrobin, epoxiconazole, etaboxam, ethoxyquin, etridiazole, famoxadone, fenamidone, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenfuran, fenhexamid, fenoxanil, fenpiclonil, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph, fenthine, fenthine acetate, fenthine hydroxide, ferbam, ferimzone, fluazinam, fludioxonil, flumorph, fluopicolide, fluopiram, fluoroimide, fluoxastrobin, fluquinconazole 921960 of 39 flusilazole, flusulfamide, flutianil, flutolanil, flutriafol, fluxapyroxad, folpet, formaldehyde, fosetyl, fosetyl-aluminum, fuberidazole, furalaxyl, furamethir, guazatine, guazatine acetates, GY-81, hexachlorobenzene, hexaconazole, himexazole, imazalil, imazalyl sulfate, imibenconazole, iminoctadine, iminoctadine triacetate, iminoctadine tris(albesilate), ipconazole, iprobenfos, iprodione, iprovalicarb, isoprothiolane, isopirazam, isotianil, kasugamycin, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate, kresoxim-methyl, mancobre, mancozeb, mandipropamid, maneb mepanipirim, mepronil, mercuric chloride, mercuric oxide, mercurous chloride, metalaxyl, mefenoxam, metalaxyl M, metam, metam-ammonium, metampotassium, metam-sodium, metconazole, metasulfocarb, methyl iodide, methyl isothiocyanate, metiram, metominostrobin, metrafenone, mildiomycin, myclobutanil, nabam, nitrothalisopropyl, nuarimol, octylinone, ofurace, oleic acid (fatty acids), orisastrobin, oxadixyl,copper-oxine, oxpoconazole fumarate, oxycarboxin, pefurazoate, penconazole, pencicuron, penflufen, pentachlorophenol, pentachlorophenyl laurate, penthiopyrad, phenylmercury acetate, phosphoric acid, phthalide, picoxystrobin, polyoxin B, polyoxins, polioxorim, potassium bicarbonate, potassium hydroxyquinoline sulfate, probenazole, prochloraz, procymidone, propamocarb, propamocarb hydrochloride, propiconazole, propineb, proquinazid, prothioconazole 921960 of 39 pyraclostrobin, pyramethostrobin, pyroxystrobin, pyrazofos, piribencarab, pyributicarb, pyrifenox, pyrimethanil, pyroquilon, quinoclamine, quinoxyfen, quintocene, Reynoutria sachalinensis extract, sedaxane, siltiofam, simeconazole, sodium 2-phenylphenoxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium pentachlorophenoxide, spiroxamine, sulfur, SYP-Z071, SYP-Z048, coal tar oils, tebuconazole, tebufloquine, technacene, tetraconazole, thiabendazole, tiffluzamide, thiophanate-ethyl, thiram, thiadinyl, tolclofos-methyl, tolylfluanid, triadimefon, triadimenol, triazoxide, tricyclazole, tridemorph, trifloxystrobin, triflumizole, triforin, triticonazole, validamycin, valifenalate, valifenal, vinclozolin, zineb, ziram, zoxamide, Candida oleophila, Fusarium oxysporum, Gliocladium spp., Phlebiopsis gigantea, Streptomyces griseoviridis, Trichoderma spp., (RS)— N-(3,5dichlorophenyl)-2-(methoxymethyl)-succinimide, 1,2dichloropropane, 1,3-dichloro-1,1,3,3tetrafluoroacetone hydroxide, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitronaphthalene, 1-chloro2-nitropropane, 2-(2-heptadecyl-2-imidazolin-1-yl)ethanol,. 1,1,4,4-tetraóxido de 2,3-dihidro-5-penyl-1,4-diti-ina, acetato de 2-metoxietilmercuro, chloride de 2-metoxietilmercuro, silicato de 2-metoxietilmercuro, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-metilrhodanine, thiocyanato de 4-(2-nitroprop1-enyl)fenilo, ampropylphos, anilazine, azitiram, polisulfide de bario, Bayer 32394, benodanil, benquinox, 23 921960 of 39 bentaluron, benzamacril; benzamacril-isobutyl, benzamorph, binapacryl, bis(methylmercury) sulfate, bis(tributilestaño) oxide, butiobate, cadmium chromate sulfate, calcium, cobre, zinc, carbamorph, CECA, clobentiazona, chloraniformetan, chlorphenazol, chlorquinox, climbazol, ciclafuramid, cipendazol, ciprofuram, decafentin, diclona, diclozolin, diclobutrazol, dimetirimol, dinocton, dinosulfon, dinoterbon, dipyritiona, ditalimfos, twelvecin, drazoxolon, EBP, ESBP, etaconazol, etem, etirim, fenaminosulf, fenapanil, fenitropan, 5fluorocytosine and los pro fungicides de ellos, fluotrimazol, furcarbanil, furconazol, furconazol-cis, furmeciclox, furofanate, gliodina, griseofulvin, halaccrinate, Hercules 3944, hexiltiofos, ICIA0858, isopamphos, isovalediona, mebenil, mecarbinzid, metazoxolon, metfuroxam, diciandiamida de methylmercury, metsulfovax, milneb, mucochloric anhydride, myclozolin, N-3,5-dichlorophenylsuccinimida, N-3-nitrophenylitaconimida, natamycin,Netylmercury-4-toluenesulfonanilide, nickel bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate), OCH, phenylmercury dimethyldithiocarbamate, phenylmercury nitrate, fosdifen, picolinamide UK-2A and its derivatives, prothiocarb; prothiocarb hydrochloride, pyricarbolid, pyridinitril, pyroxychlor, pyroxyfur, quinacetol; quinacetol sulfate, quinazamid, quinconazole, rabenzazole, salicylanilide, SSF-109, sultropen, tecoram, 24 921960 24 of 39 thiadifluor, ticiofen, thiochlorfenfim, thiophanate, thioquinox, tioximid, triamifos, triarimol, triazbutyl, triclamide, urbacid, XRD-563 and zarilamide, IK-1140., Examples of bactericidal agents may include, but are not limited to, amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, netilmicin, tobramycin, paromomycin, spectinomycin, geldanamycin, herbymin, rifaximin, streptomycin, loracarbef, ertapenem, doripenem, imipenem / cilastatin, meropenem, cefadroxil, cefazolin, cephalothin, cephalexin, cefaclor, cefamandole, cefoxitin, cefprozil, cefuroxime, cefixime, cefdinir, cefditoren, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, cefpodoxime, ceftazidime, ceftibuten, ceftizoxime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftaroline fosamil, ceftobiprole, teicoplanin, vancomycin, telavancin, clindamycin, lincomycin, captomycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, dirithromycin, erythromycin, roxithromycin, troleandomycin, telithromycin, spiramycin, aztreonam, furazolidone, nitrofurantoin, linezolid, posizolid, radezolid, torezolid, amoxicillin, ampicillin, azlocillin, carbenicillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, flucloxacillin, mezlocillin, methicillin, nafcillin,oxacillin, penicillin G, penicillin V, piperacillin, penicillin G, temocillin, ticarcillin, amoxicillin / clavulanate, ampicillin / sulbactam, piperacillin / tazobactam, ticarcillin / clavulanate, bacitracin, colistin, polymyxin B, ciprofloxacin, 25, 921960 of 39 enoxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin, moxifloxacin, nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, trovafloxacin, grepafloxacin, sparfloxacin, temafloxacin, mafenide, sulfacetamide, sulfadiazine, silver sulfadiazine, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethizole, sulfamethoxazole, sulfanilimide (archaic), sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Cotrimoxazole) (TMP-SMX), sulfonamidochrysoidine (archaic), demeclocycline, doxycycline, minocycline, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, clofazimine, dapsone, capreomycin, cycloserine, ethambutol, ethionamide, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, rifampicin (rifampin in the United States of America), rifabutin, rifapentine, streptomycin, arsphenamine, chloramphenicol, phosphomycin, fusidic acid, metronidazole, mupirocin, platensimycin, quinupristin / dalfopristin, thiamfenicol, tigecycline, tinidazole and trimethoprim. According to another aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms in plant surface organs, using the composition described above. In some embodiments, the method may include applying the composition to the surface of a plant or a part of a plant (e.g., a leaf, fruit, flower, stem, or root). 921960 of 39 composition to the site of infection on the plant or plant part (e.g. leaf, fruit, flower, stem, root). In some embodiments, the method may include applying the composition as a spray, mist, or drip. The composition can be mixed with an acceptable agricultural carrier or diluent and thus formulated into various formulations that include agrochemicals or fertilizers. Furthermore, the composition can be mixed with an additional fertilizer component, a surfactant, or other known agents that control plant diseases. The term diluent refers to an acceptable agricultural liquid or solid that is added to the composition so that it can be easily used or diluted to a desired active concentration. Examples of diluents include talc, kaolin, zeolite, xylene, diatomaceous earth, water, etc. The formulation for use in a type of spray, such as a water-dispersed concentrate or a wet powder, may also include a wetting agent, a dispersant, a surfactant, etc. In addition to the diluent and surfactant, it may also include a stabilizer, a deactivating agent, an adhesion enhancer, a colorant, a infiltration agent, and an antifoaming agent. 921960 of 39 The disclosed composition can be formulated in various ways. For example, the wet powder form, combined with kaolin or diatomaceous earth, can be diluted with water before being used as a spray. It can then be sprayed on leaves, flowers, or fruit, or applied to the roots. Alternatively, the composition can be mixed with an emulsifier to create a concentrate, which is then diluted with water before application to plants. In another aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing a composition with fungicidal and bactericidal activity to prevent and control infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms in the surface organs of plants. This process has several steps, beginning with the preparation of the colloidal silver concentrate. 100 liters of distilled or deionized water are poured into a stainless steel container, and a polyethylene hose connected to a water pump is inserted. The water pump propels the water to the colloidal silver generator, which is connected to a 110-volt power supply. The generator consists of one pump to control the amount of water entering the electrodes and another to regulate the amount of water leaving the system. The second water pump, 921960, connected to a 110-volt outlet, recirculates the water containing the colloidal silver from the system for one minute to increase the silver concentration and thus ensure that the final product contains the required silver concentration. The controlled size of the colloidal silver is achieved through filtration. A solution is then prepared by placing 3.7–11.1 kg of African palm oil in a 150 L stainless steel container, heating it to melting, and slowly adding 1 L of a sodium hydroxide solution containing 180–530 g of NaOH per liter, then mixing until dissolved. Next, 500–1500 g of polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether and 260–780 g of triethanolamine are added. Water is added to make 100 L of solution, and the mixture is stirred to form a homogeneous white suspension. Finally, 50–140 g of sodium benzoate is added and stirred until completely dissolved. For the final preparation, 77.3–85.5 liters of water and 5 liters of colloidal silver concentrate were added to a new 150-liter stainless steel container. Then, 10 liters of African palm solution were added while stirring. The mixture was stirred for 5 minutes, and 1.75–5.25 kg of a 29 921960 of 39 methyl vinyl ether copolymer, which was previously polymerized in a stainless steel container containing 1.75-5.25 liters of deionized water at 40°C. Continuous stirring is applied until the product becomes transparent and viscous. In some implementations, the process includes: (a) Place 7.45 kg of African palm oil in a 150 liter stainless steel container and heat the African palm oil until the African palm oil melts; (b) slowly add 1 liter of a 350 g / liter sodium hydroxide solution and stir until the African palm oil is dissolved; (c) add 990 g of polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether and 520 g of triethanolamine; (d) add water to obtain 100 liters of the solution and stir to form a homogeneous white suspension; (e) add 90 g of sodium benzoate and stir until the sodium benzoate is completely dissolved; (f) Add 81.5 liters of water and 5 liters of the colloidal silver concentrate to a 150-liter stainless steel container and, while stirring, add 10 liters of the solution obtained in step (e); 921960 of 39 (g) after stirring for 5 minutes, add 3.5 kg of methyl vinyl ether copolymer, wherein the methyl vinyl ether copolymer was previously polymerized in a stainless steel container containing 3.5 liters of deionized water at 40°C; and (h) stir continuously until the resulting mixture becomes clear and viscous. Also within the scope of the present invention is the composition prepared by the process described above. A better understanding of the present invention can be obtained through the following examples, which are set out for illustrative purposes but should not be interpreted as limiting the present invention. EXAMPLES Example 1 A preparation of the disclosed composition according to the invention was diluted 10 times using potable water and sprayed onto the surface of coffee plants using a rear-mounted spray pump. The entire leaf surface of the coffee leaves was covered with one application. 921960 of 39 moist composition. According to data collected from an observation made 30 days after application, the incidence of coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix) infection was reduced by up to 70% compared to untreated plants. Furthermore, plants treated with the composition exhibited vigorous health and no signs of adverse reactions. The same results were observed up to 6 weeks after the initial application. During the field trial for the control of coffee leaf rust, data were also collected on the control of coffee leaf spot caused by the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae. The incidence of bacterial infection was greatly reduced in the plants treated with the composition, and no new development of the infection was observed once the plants were sprayed with a preparation of the invention. Example 2 An undiluted preparation of the invention was sprayed onto single banana (Musa sp.) leaves using a pressurized sprayer. The presence of germinated spores of the fungus Black Sigatoka (Mycosphaerella fijiensis) was analyzed. The results showed a 62% reduction in the 921960 of 39 M. fijiensis spore germination, compared to untreated controls. These results were comparable to commercial fungicides commonly used in banana cultivation. The reduction in M. fijiensis spore germination was maintained for up to 8 weeks after application. Example 3 According to one embodiment of the invention, a formulation was prepared and sprayed onto freshly harvested roses (Rosa sp.). The plant material was then placed in a chamber simulating the temperature, light, and humidity conditions of maritime export and maintained under these conditions for 6 days. Flowers sprayed with distilled water were also included as controls. After 6 days, 100% of the flowers showed mild to severe signs of infection by the fungus Botrytis cinerea, which completely ruins the yield. None of the flowers treated with the invention showed signs of infection by B. cinerea or any other fungus or bacterium presented by the invention. Example 4 921960 of 39 Another variant of the invention was prepared and sprayed onto the cut surface of freshly harvested banana (Musa sp.) hands (bunches). The treated hands were placed inside a chamber simulating the temperature, light, and humidity conditions of maritime export, along with controls treated with commercial microbes. After several days, the material was examined for the presence of fungal or bacterial infection, and the results for the disclosed composition were comparable to or better than those of the controls. Definitions To aid in understanding the detailed description of the compositions and methods according to the invention, some quick definitions are given to facilitate the clarification of various aspects of the invention that may be ambiguous. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same definition commonly understood by a person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. It is indicated that, as used in this descriptive memorandum and in the accompanying claims, the singular forms a, an and the and the include plural references, unless the context clearly 34 921960 of 39 otherwise indicates. The terms “including”, “comprising”, “containing” or “having” and variants thereof, are understood to include the articles listed below and their equivalents as well as other objects, unless otherwise indicated. The phrases “in one realization,” “in several realizations,” “in some realizations,” and similar expressions are used repeatedly. These phrases do not necessarily refer to the same realization, but they may unless the context indicates otherwise. The terms “and / or” or “ / ” mean any one of the items, any combination of the items, or all of the items with which this term is associated. The term “approximately” may refer to a variation of ±5%, ±10%, ±20%, or ±25% of the specified value. For example, “approximately 50” percent may in some implementations convey a variation of 45 to 55 percent. For whole number ranges, the term “approximately” may include one or two whole numbers greater than and / or less than a quoted whole number. Unless otherwise stated herein, the term “approximately” shall include 35 921960 of 39 values, for example, weight percentages, close to the cited range that are equivalent in terms of ingredient functionality, composition, or individual realization. As used herein, the term “each,” when used with reference to a collection of articles, is intended to identify an individual article in the collection, but does not necessarily refer to all the articles in the collection. There may be exceptions if the invention or the specific context clearly indicates otherwise. The use of any and all examples or illustrative expressions (e.g., “such as”) given herein is intended merely to further illuminate the invention and does not impose any limitation on the scope of the invention, unless otherwise claimed. Nothing in the memorandum should be construed as indicating any element not claimed as essential to the practice of the invention. All methods described herein may be performed in any suitable order, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by the context. With respect to any of the methods, 36 921960 of 39 provided, the steps of the method may occur simultaneously or sequentially. When the steps of the method occur sequentially, the steps may occur in any order, unless otherwise indicated. In cases where a method comprises a combination of steps, each and every combination and subcombination of the steps is included within the scope of the invention, unless otherwise stated herein. Each publication, patent application, patent, and other reference cited herein is incorporated by reference in its entirety, provided it is not inconsistent with the present invention. Publications disclosed herein are given solely because of their disclosure prior to the filing date of the present invention. Nothing herein should be construed as an admission that the present invention does not have the right to backdate such publication by virtue of the prior invention. Furthermore, the publication dates given may differ from the actual publication dates, which may need to be independently verified. It is understood that the examples and realizations described herein are for illustrative purposes only and that 37 921960 of 39 will suggest various modifications or changes in light of them to experts in the art and that they should be included within the spirit and scope of the present application and the scope of the attached claims. Other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and examples, while indicating specific embodiments of the invention, are given by way of example only. Furthermore, it is contemplated that changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description. 921960 of 39 DANIEL GOYTIA - 20045269656 Digitally signed by PORTALTRAMITES - INPI Date: 2020.04.02 15:04:58 -03:00 Reason: Digitally Signed by the INPI Location: Buenos Aires, Argentina 921960
Claims
1. A composition with fungicidal and bactericidal activity for preventing and controlling infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms, characterized in that it comprises: between 73 and 95% water, between 0.1 and 20% colloidal silver, between 0.5 and 5.5% a methyl vinyl ether copolymer, between 0.01 and 15.00% African palm vegetable oil, between 0.05 and 0.2% polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether, between 0.02 and 0.09% triethanolamine, between 0.02 and 0.05% sodium hydroxide, and between 0.005 and 0.015% sodium benzoate, wherein the composition forms a protective microfilm when applied to a plant, which serves as an effective physical barrier to microorganisms without interfering with the normal functioning of the plant tissue and allows for regeneration. cellular, wherein the composition is substantially free of adverse effects on a plant surface comprising the leaf epidermis. 22 Claims follow