WINDOW ARRANGEMENT WITH ELECTRICALLY HEATED DIFFUSER BLIND

Abstract

A disk arrangement (100) with an electrically heated diffusing light diaphragm, comprising at least: a disk (1) with an enclosure (6) on the inside (II) of the disk (1), a radiation receiver (3a) and / or a radiation source (3b) which is oriented within the enclosure (6) towards the disk (1) such that a beam path (5) of electromagnetic radiation (15) passes through a predetermined area (2) of the disk (1), a diffusing light diaphragm (4) which is arranged within the enclosure (6) and below the beam path (5), and an electrically heated area (7) in the diffusing light diaphragm (4) which heats the area (2), wherein the diffusing light diaphragm (4) has an electric heating element (7), preferably a heating cartridge (11), outside the electrically heated area (7), and the electrically heated area (7) can be heated by heat conduction.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a disc arrangement with an electrically heated scattering aperture, in particular for heating an optically transparent disc area by means of radiant heat, a method for its manufacture and its use.

[0002] Many vehicles, aircraft, helicopters, and ships are equipped with various optical sensors. Examples of optical sensors include camera systems such as video cameras, night vision cameras, image intensifiers, and passive infrared detectors like FLIR (Forward Looking Infrared). These camera systems can utilize light in the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), and infrared (IR) wavelength ranges. They enable the precise detection of objects, vehicles, and people, even in poor weather conditions such as darkness and fog. In motor vehicles, these camera systems can be installed behind the windshield in the passenger compartment. This allows for the timely detection of hazardous situations and obstacles in road traffic.

[0003] Other applications for optical sensors include electronic distance measurement (EDM), for example, using laser rangefinders. These systems can determine the distance to other vehicles. Such systems are widely used in military applications, but also offer numerous possibilities in the civilian sector. By measuring the distance to the vehicle ahead, the necessary safety distance can be determined, significantly improving road safety.

[0004] Due to their sensitivity to weather conditions and wind, such sensors must always be protected by appropriate lenses. The sensor can be mounted either inside a vehicle or externally, as with thermal imaging cameras on helicopters. In the latter case, the sensor is mounted on the outside of the helicopter in a swiveling housing. Clean and fog-free lenses are essential in both cases to ensure optimal functioning of the optical sensors.

[0005] The same applies to radiation sources located on the inside of vehicle glazing. Such radiation sources include, for example, optical lighting elements, such as a third brake light behind a rear window. These optical lighting elements illuminate an area of ​​the window that, for aesthetic and practical reasons, is not usually heated by heating elements. This is the case, for instance, when this area of ​​the window is used for antennas that are not connected to the heating element.

[0006] Condensation and icing impair the functionality of sensors and light sources because they significantly reduce the transmission of electromagnetic radiation. While wiper systems can be used for water droplets and dirt particles, these are generally insufficient for icing. Systems are needed that can heat the lens segment associated with the sensor or light source, at least briefly, as required, thus enabling uninterrupted operation.

[0007] Besides the outer surface of the glass, it is particularly important to keep the inner pane free of condensation. To prevent dirt and dust particles from contaminating the sensor or light source, the sensor or light source and the glass assembly are usually encapsulated. If moisture penetrates this encapsulated space, it can condense on the inside of the glass, especially at cold outside temperatures, and restrict light transmission through the glass.

[0008] DE 101 56 850 A1 discloses a sensor in a vehicle window pane, the lens of which is sealed off from the vehicle interior by a housing. This design prevents the deposition of dust particles on the lens. A particle filter is provided for air exchange.

[0009] DE 10 2004 054 161 A1 discloses an infrared light detection area in a vehicle windshield. The infrared light detection area is surrounded by heating elements that keep it free of ice and condensation by means of heat conduction.

[0010] EP 1 605 729 A2 discloses an electrically heated pane with a camera window. This camera window is kept free of fogging and ice by a heating device. The heating element is laminated into the pane at the position of the camera window. An additional heating element can also be attached to the pane surface. This additional heating element is preferably printed onto the pane surface as a conductive paste.

[0011] US 2011 / 0204037 A1 discloses a heating device for the area of ​​the windshield wiper rest position of windshields. The heating of this area of ​​the windshield is generated by direct contact of the windshield with the heating element or by valves supplying warm air.

[0012] WO 2004 / 020250 A1 discloses a method and a device for attaching a sensor to a vehicle windscreen.

[0013] The object of the invention is to provide an improved lens arrangement with a heated scattering aperture, which makes it possible to heat an area of ​​a lens and can be manufactured simply and cost-effectively from finished, standard lenses without major modifications.

[0014] The object of the present invention is achieved according to the invention by a disc arrangement with an electrically heated scattering light diaphragm according to independent claim 1. Furthermore, the invention comprises a method for its manufacture and its use according to independent claims 13 and 14. Preferred embodiments are described in the dependent claims.

[0015] The disk arrangement according to the invention comprises at least: a disc with an enclosure on the inside of the disc, a radiation receiver which is positioned inside the enclosure facing the disc in such a way that a beam path of electromagnetic radiation passes through a predetermined area of ​​the disc, a scattering light diaphragm which is arranged inside the enclosure and below the beam path and an electrically heated surface in the scattering light diaphragm which heats the area.

[0016] An alternative disk arrangement according to the invention comprises at least: a disc with an enclosure on the inside of the disc, a radiation source which is oriented towards the disc within the enclosure in such a way that a beam path of electromagnetic radiation passes through a predetermined area of ​​the disc, a scattering light diaphragm which is arranged within the enclosure and below the beam path and an electrically heated surface in the scattering light diaphragm which heats the area.

[0017] When the electrically heated surface is heated, it emits thermal radiation, which in turn heats the designated area of ​​the lens. For this to work, the beam path of the radiation receiver or source must run between the designated area of ​​the lens and the diffusing light baffle to ensure that the beam path is not obstructed or restricted.

[0018] The disk arrangement comprises at least one disk and at least one predefined area of ​​the disk. The predefined area must be transparent to the electromagnetic information or signals that are to be received by the radiation receiver or that are to be transmitted through the area by the radiation source. The area can be any part of the disk or an inserted disk segment that exhibits high transmission for the corresponding optical and electromagnetic signals. Within the scope of the invention, the feature "transparent" refers to transparency in the wavelength range relevant to the radiation receiver or the radiation source. For radiation receivers or radiation sources in the visible and / or infrared range, the transmission for wavelengths from 200 nm to 2000 nm is preferably more than 60%, particularly preferably > 70%, and especially > 90%.For infrared radiation receivers or sources, the transmission in the wavelength range from 800 nm to 1300 nm is preferably more than 60%, particularly preferably > 70%, and especially > 90%. This range preferably occupies less than 10%, particularly preferably less than 5%, of the disk surface.

[0019] The radiation receiver according to the invention is, for example, a camera or a light-sensitive sensor that can detect infrared, visible, and / or ultraviolet electromagnetic radiation. The radiation receiver preferably comprises cameras for visible light with wavelengths from 400 nm to 800 nm and / or infrared light with wavelengths from 800 nm to 1300 nm.

[0020] The radiation source according to the invention is preferably a light source, for example at least one light bulb or one light-emitting diode, which can emit infrared, visible and / or ultraviolet electromagnetic radiation.

[0021] The enclosure protects the radiation receiver or radiation source from dirt and dust particles as well as unwanted light exposure. The enclosure is preferably located in the upper part of the disc, preferably no more than 30% of the disc height from the upper and / or lower edge. The enclosure preferably contains a polymer, particularly preferably polybutylene terephthalate, polyamides, polycarbonate, polyurethanes, polybutylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene vinyl alcohol, polyimides, polyesters, polyketones, polyetheretherketones, and / or polymethyl methacrylate, as well as mixtures, block polymers, and copolymers thereof.

[0022] The pane preferably contains glass and / or polymers, preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate and / or mixtures or composite layers thereof. The pane preferably comprises tempered safety glass (ESG) or laminated safety glass (VSG).

[0023] The specified area preferably has an opaque and / or colored border. The border can be designed as either a border strip or a border area.

[0024] The stray light diaphragm according to the invention has an electrically heated surface. The stray light diaphragm is arranged such that the path of the electromagnetic radiation received by the receiver or emitted by the radiation source is located between the stray light diaphragm and the lens. This applies in particular to the portion of the path that runs within the housing. The electrically heated surface can be a separate component that is connected to the stray light diaphragm, for example by gluing, soldering, pressing, or welding. The electrically heated surface can also be a portion of the stray light diaphragm material.

[0025] It is particularly advantageous if the designated area and the electrically heated surface run as parallel as possible, so that the heat radiation emanating from the electrically heated surface strikes the area of ​​the disc as perpendicularly as possible. Furthermore, it is advantageous if no other structural elements or parts of the enclosure can shield the heat radiation.

[0026] If the heated surface of the light shield and the predetermined area of ​​the window through which the beam path passes are arranged parallel, a very large installation space is required, which, in the case of an arrangement on a vehicle window, protrudes undesirably far into the interior. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the angle α between the predetermined area and the light shield is from 5° to 65° and preferably from 10° to 45°. This allows for a flatter arrangement of the light shield on the window.

[0027] The electrically heated surface of the diffuser advantageously has a base area of ​​20 cm² to 300 cm², preferably 20 cm² to 40 cm² for arrangements on a windshield and 100 cm² to 300 cm² for rear windows of vehicles. The base area is preferably trapezoidal, with the larger of the two parallel sides being arranged directly adjacent to the window.

[0028] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the heating power of the electrically heated surface is selected such that it has a temperature of 30°C to 90°C, preferably 50°C to 70°C. This typically requires a heating power of 0.5 W / dm² to 10 W / dm². Such a heating power is sufficient to defrost the inside of the window in the specified area under standard automotive engineering conditions using radiant heat.

[0029] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the electrically heated surface has a radiant power of 0.5 W / dm² to 5 W / dm². Such a radiant power is sufficient to defrost the inside of the window in the specified area under standard automotive engineering conditions using radiant heat.

[0030] A lens hood according to the invention advantageously has a thermal conductivity of more than 80 W / (m K), preferably more than 190 W / (m K), and particularly preferably more than 300 W / (m K). The surface of the lens hood advantageously has an emissivity of 0.7 to 0.97. Furthermore, the lens hood according to the invention advantageously contains or consists of a metal, preferably aluminum, copper, spring bronze, and / or steel. Aluminum lens hoods can, for example, be manufactured as continuous castings in meter lengths. Copper lens hoods are preferably pressed or stamped from solid copper sheets.

[0031] In particular, the stray light shield is made of aluminum, the surface of which facing the lens has been anodized black. This has the particular advantage that stray light entering the housing from the outside through the lens is not reflected into the radiation receiver and therefore does not cause interference. In an advantageous embodiment, the stray light shield is structured on the surface facing the lens, and especially on the side facing the beam path. The structure is, for example, a corrugation or a zigzag or wave-like pattern. This has the particular advantage that stray light is reflected into the radiation receiver as little as possible.

[0032] The lens hood according to the invention can advantageously include a heatable coating and / or heating wires. The coating or the heating wires preferably contain fluorine-doped tin dioxide (F:SnO₂), tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), silver, copper, tin, gold, aluminum, iron, tungsten, chromium, or alloys thereof, and / or at least one electrically conductive organic polymer. The heatable coating preferably has a layer thickness of 0.1 µm to 50 µm, particularly preferably 1 µm to 10 µm.

[0033] An alternative lens hood according to the invention contains a heating element, preferably a heating cartridge, in a first area outside the electrically heated surface. Such heating cartridges are particularly cost-effective and easy to process. Due to the high thermal conductivity of the lens hood material, the entire lens hood is heated. This leads to indirect heating of the heated surface and, in turn, to radiant heating of the area.

[0034] The housing is advantageously bonded to the disc by an adhesive. The adhesive preferably comprises acrylate adhesives, methyl methacrylate adhesives, cyanoacrylate adhesives, polyepoxides, silicone adhesives and / or silane-curing polymer adhesives, as well as mixtures and / or copolymers thereof.

[0035] The enclosure is advantageously designed in multiple parts, with a retaining part being connected to the disc by an adhesive and a cover being detachably connected to the retaining part for service purposes.

[0036] The housing is preferably located in the upper area of ​​the windshield and / or rear window, particularly preferably behind a cover strip, a sun visor and / or a band filter.

[0037] The enclosure preferably contains water-absorbing materials or desiccants, particularly preferably silica gel, CaCl₂, Na₂SO₄, activated carbon, silicates, bentonites, zeolites, and / or mixtures thereof. The desiccants can be incorporated into the surface of the enclosure and / or arranged in open containers within the enclosure. The desiccants are preferably arranged such that air and moisture exchange with the air inside the enclosure is possible, but the materials cannot disperse and are held in place. This can preferably be achieved by enclosing the desiccants in an air- and moisture-permeable polymer film or in a fine-mesh net.

[0038] The invention further comprises a method for manufacturing a disc arrangement with an electrically heated scattering lens, wherein a. the housing is attached to the specified area of ​​the disc, b. the radiation receiver and / or the radiation source is arranged in the housing, and c. the stray light baffle is arranged in the housing, wherein the beam path of the radiation receiver and / or the radiation source runs between the disc and the stray light baffle.

[0039] The invention further comprises the use of the disc arrangement according to the invention in vehicles, ships, aircraft and helicopters, and preferably as a windshield and / or rear window of a vehicle.

[0040] It is understood that the various embodiments can be implemented individually or in any combination. In particular, the features mentioned above and to be explained below can be used not only in the combinations specified, but also in other combinations or individually, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0041] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing. The drawing is a schematic representation and not to scale. The drawing does not limit the invention in any way.

[0042] They show: Figure 1 a top view of an embodiment example of a disk arrangement according to the invention, Figure 2 a simplified, schematic representation of a cross-section of a disk arrangement according to the invention, Figure 3 a cross-section of a section of a disk arrangement according to the invention, Figure 4a cross-section of a section of an alternative embodiment of a disk arrangement according to the invention, Figure 5 a cross-section of a disk arrangement according to the invention, Figure 6a a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention and Figure 6b a flowchart of an alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention.

[0043] Figure 1 Figure 1 shows a top view of a disk arrangement 100 according to the invention. A housing 6, a radiation receiver 3a, and a region 2, which is defined by the beam path 5 through the disk 1, are arranged in the upper region of the disk 1. The beam path 5 has an upper edge 5.1 and a lower edge 5.2.

[0044] Figure 2 shows a simplified, schematic representation of a cross-section along the section line AA' from Figure 1The housing 6 is arranged on the inner side II of the pane 1. In the case of a vehicle window, the inner side II is the side of the pane 1 facing the vehicle interior. A radiation receiver 3a is arranged inside the housing 6 and below the pane 1. The beam path 5 of the radiation receiver 3a extends in a funnel shape from the exit lens of the radiation receiver 3a through the pane 1. The beam path 5 of the viewing field penetrates the pane 1 in a region 2 that lies between the upper edge 5.1 of the beam path 5 and the lower edge 5.2 of the beam path 5. The region 2 must be sufficiently transparent to the electromagnetic radiation 15 of the radiation receiver 3a.

[0045] A stray light shield 4 is arranged below the radiation receiver 3a. The stray light shield 4 extends from the radiation receiver 3a to the disk 1. The stray light shield 4 is arranged outside and, in particular, below the beam path 5 of the radiation receiver 3a in order not to restrict the beam path 5. The stray light shield 4 borders the area 2 of the disk 1 at an angle α of, for example, 30°.

[0046] The lens hood 4 has an electrically heated area 7 on its surface 20. The electrically heated area 7 can be heated directly, for example by a heating element on the surface 20. The electrically heated area 7 can also be heated indirectly, for example by an electric heating element in another area of ​​the lens hood 4, whereby the electrically heated area 7 is heated by the thermal conductivity of the lens hood material 4.

[0047] The electrically heated surface 7 is arranged opposite area 2 of the pane 1. When the electrically heated surface 7 is heated, it warms area 2 of the pane 1 by thermal radiation 9, thereby clearing it of condensation. For this purpose, it is particularly advantageous if area 2 and the electrically heated surface 7 are as parallel as possible, so that the thermal radiation 9 emanating from the electrically heated surface 7 strikes area 2 of the pane 1 as perpendicularly as possible. However, this would require a very large installation space, which, in the case of an arrangement on a vehicle windshield, would protrude undesirably far into the interior. Therefore, a certain angle α of 5° to 45°, and for example 30°, is preferred.

[0048] Figure 3 Figure 1 shows a cross-section through a disk arrangement 100 according to the invention in the area of ​​an enclosure 6. The cross-section runs along the section line AA' from Figure 1The housing 6 is arranged on the inner side II of a pane 1 and attached to the pane 1 by bonding it with an acrylate adhesive. The pane 1 is, for example, a windshield of a motor vehicle and, for example, laminated safety glass. The inner side II is the side of the pane 1 facing the vehicle interior. The housing contains, for example, polybutylene terephthalate with a 10% glass fiber content (PBT-GF10) and was manufactured by an injection molding process.

[0049] A radiation receiver 3a is arranged within the housing 6 and below the pane 1. The radiation receiver 3a is, for example, an infrared camera for a night driving assistance system. The radiation receiver 3a detects, in particular, infrared electromagnetic radiation 15 in the wavelength range of 800 to 1100 nm. The field of view of the radiation receiver 3a is oriented for image acquisition of the traffic area in front of the vehicle. The beam path 5 of the field of view extends in a funnel shape from the exit lens of the radiation receiver 3a through the pane 1. The beam path 5 of the field of view penetrates the pane 1 in a region 2. This region 2 must be sufficiently transparent to the infrared electromagnetic radiation 15 of the radiation receiver 3a. The pane 1 has, for example, a transparency of more than 70% for infrared radiation in the wavelength range of 800 nm to 1100 nm in region 2.The radiation receiver 3a is connected via supply lines 13 to an evaluation electronics not shown here.

[0050] A light shield 4 is arranged below the radiation receiver 3a. "Below" in this context means, in the case of a vehicle windshield in its installed state, vertically and closer to the underside of the vehicle. The light shield 4 extends from the radiation receiver 3a to the windshield 1. The light shield 4 is positioned below the beam path 5 of the radiation receiver 3a to avoid obstructing the field of vision. The light shield 4 borders the area 2 of the windshield 1 at an angle α of, for example, 30°.

[0051] The lens hood 4, for example, is made of aluminum with a thermal conductivity of 200 W / (m K). The surface 20 of the lens hood 4, visible from the outside through the lens 1, is black anodized. Furthermore, the surface 20 has a zigzag or wave-like structure 10. This reduces or prevents unwanted reflections of laterally arriving scattered light into the radiation receiver 3a.

[0052] The lens hood 4 has an electrically heated area 7 on its surface 20. In the example shown, the area 7 is heated by an electric heating element 11 on the underside of the lens hood 4. The base area of ​​the electrically heated area 7 of the lens hood 4 is, for example, 35 cm². The electric heating element 11 is, for example, a heating wire or an electrically conductive coating and can be heated by an electric current. The heating element 11 is connected to a voltage source, for example, to the electrical system of a motor vehicle, via leads 12.

[0053] When the electric heating element 11 is heated by an electric current, the electrically heated area 7 of the surface 20 of the lens 4 heats up due to the high thermal conductivity of the lens 4's material. The heated area 7 is particularly suitable for heating area 2 of the lens 1 by thermal radiation 9 and thereby preventing condensation. As investigations by the inventors have shown, a heating power of 6 W / dm² is sufficient to keep the inner surface II of the lens 1 of a motor vehicle free of condensation in area 2 at an outside temperature of 0°C.

[0054] Figure 4 Figure 1 shows a cross-section of an alternative embodiment of a disk arrangement 100 according to the invention. The disk arrangement 100 corresponds to the disk arrangement 100 from [reference missing]. Figure 1Instead of the radiation receiver 3a, a radiation source 3b is arranged within the housing 6. The radiation source 3b contains, for example, ten red LEDs and serves as a so-called third brake light on the rear window of a motor vehicle. The housing 6 is arranged, for example, in an upper area of ​​the window 1 that has no printed or other heating elements. The electromagnetic radiation 15 from the radiation source 3b penetrates the window 1 in an area 2. The thermal radiation 9, which originates from the electrically heated surface 7 of the diffuser 4, keeps the area 2 free of condensation. Furthermore, the thermal radiation accelerates the defrosting of the outer surface I of the window 1 above the area 2.

[0055] Figure 5Figure 1 shows a top view of a further embodiment of a disk arrangement 100 according to the invention. An infrared-reflective, low-emissivity coating 16 based on indium tin oxide is applied to the inner surface II of the disk 1. Such infrared-reflective coatings 16 are known, for example, from WO 2011 / 088330 A2. The coating 16 has a transparency of approximately 80% for electromagnetic radiation in the visible range, but absorbs a large proportion of infrared electromagnetic radiation. The coating 16 is removed within the housing 6 and, in particular, in the region 2 of the beam path 5 of the radiation receiver 3a. This removal of the coating allows a large proportion of the infrared radiation 15 to reach the radiation receiver 3a. Due to the housing 6 on the inner surface II of the disk 1, the removed area is hardly visible from the outside, and the aesthetic appearance of the disk 1 is preserved.

[0056] In the illustrated example, the heating element 11 is located in a region 17 of the diffusing lens 4, away from the lens 1. The heating element 11 is, for example, a cost-effective and easy-to-process heating cartridge that has been pressed into an opening in the aluminum body of the diffusing lens 4. Due to the good thermal conductivity of aluminum, the heat generated in the heating element 11 is transferred to region 18 and surface 7. The surface 7, thus indirectly heated electrically, heats region 2 of the lens 1 via thermal radiation 9. To protect the radiation receiver 3a from excessively high temperatures, thermal insulation 8 is arranged between the radiation receiver 3a and the diffusing lens 4. The thermal insulation 8 contains, for example, a polymer and, in particular, the material of the housing 6.

[0057] Figure 6a and 6bEach shows a flowchart of a process according to the invention for producing a disk arrangement 100 according to the invention.

[0058] The present invention offers several advantages over prior art disk arrangements. In prior art disk arrangements with radiation receivers or radiation sources, the disk is typically heated in the vicinity of the area through which the electromagnetic disk transmits. Since heating conductors should ideally not cross this area, they are arranged at the outer edge. The interior of the area is heated solely by conduction. Because glass is a poor conductor of heat, the area is heated very inhomogeneously and insufficiently. This method of heating the area does not yield satisfactory results.

[0059] In the present invention, area 2 is heated directly by thermal radiation 9. Sufficient heating power is transferred solely by thermal radiation. This allows for a uniform energy input to the area to be heated. At the same time, it is possible to keep the required energy consumption low.

[0060] The electrically heated lens hood 4 according to the invention can be easily integrated into an existing housing 6 of a camera or a third brake light and replaces, for example, an existing, non-heated lens hood. The power supply for the lens hood 4 according to the invention can be easily provided via the power supply of the camera or the brake light.

[0061] It was unexpected and surprising to the person skilled in the art that the transmission of heat radiation in the disc arrangement according to the invention is sufficient to keep the area to be heated free of condensation. Reference symbol list

[0062] 1 Disc 2 Area 3a Radiation receiver 3b Radiation source 4 Scattering aperture 5 Beam path 5.1 Upper edge of the beam path 5 5.2 Lower edge of the beam path 5 6 Housing 7 Heated surface 8 Thermal insulation 9 Thermal radiation 10 Structuring, corrugation 11 Heating element 12 Lead wire to the heating element 7 or to the heating surface 11 13 Lead wire to the radiation receiver 3a or to the radiation source 3b 15 Electromagnetic radiation 16 Coating 17 First area of ​​the scattering aperture 4 18 Second area of ​​the scattering aperture 4 20 Surface of the scattering aperture 4 100 Disc arrangement α Angle between lens 1 and lens hood 4 I Outer side of lens 1 II Inner side of lens 1 III Side of lens hood 4 AA' Intersection line

Claims

1. A disk arrangement (100) with an electrically heated diffusing light diaphragm (4), comprising at least: a disk (1) with an enclosure (6) on the inside (II) of the disk (1), a radiation receiver (3a) and / or a radiation source (3b) which is oriented within the enclosure (6) towards the disk (1) such that a beam path (5) of electromagnetic radiation (15) passes through a predetermined area (2) of the disk (1), a diffusing light diaphragm (4) which is arranged within the enclosure (6) and below the beam path (5), and an electrically heated area (7) in the diffusing light diaphragm (4) which heats the area (2), wherein the diffusing light diaphragm (4) has an electric heating element (7), preferably a heating cartridge (11), outside the electrically heated area (7), and the electrically heated area (7) can be heated by heat conduction.

2. Disc arrangement (100) according to claim 1, wherein the radiation receiver (3a) includes a camera or a photosensor for infrared, visible and / or ultraviolet electromagnetic radiation.

3. Disc arrangement (100) according to claim 1, wherein the radiation source (3b) comprises a light bulb or a light-emitting diode for infrared, visible and / or ultraviolet electromagnetic radiation.

4. Disc arrangement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the scattering light diaphragm (4) contains or consists of a metal, preferably aluminium, copper, spring bronze and / or steel and particularly preferably black anodized aluminium.

5. Disc arrangement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the scattering light diaphragm (4) has a thermal conductivity of more than 80W / (m K), preferably more than 190W / (m K) and particularly preferably more than 300 W / (m K).

6. Disc arrangement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the angle (a) between area (2) and electrically heated surface (7) is from 5° to 65° and preferably from 10° to 45°.

7. Disk arrangement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the area (2) has a transparency for the electromagnetic radiation (15) of > 60%, preferably > 70%, particularly preferably > 90%.

8. Disc arrangement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the electrically heated area (7) has a heating power of 0.5 W / dm² 2 up to 10 W / dm² 2 exhibits.

9. Disc arrangement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the stray light diaphragm (4) has a corrugation (10) on the side (III) facing the beam path (5).

10. Disc arrangement (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the disc (1) contains glass and / or polymers, preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, polymethyl methacrylate and / or mixtures thereof.

11. Disc arrangement (100) according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the housing (6) is arranged in the upper region of the disc (1).

12. Method for manufacturing a disc arrangement (100) with an electrically heated diffusing light diaphragm (4) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein a) the housing (6) is attached to the area (2) of the disc (1), b) the radiation receiver (3a) and / or the radiation source (3b) is arranged in the housing (6), and c) the diffusing light diaphragm (4) is arranged in the housing (6), wherein the beam path (5) of the radiation receiver (3a) and / or the radiation source (3b) runs between the disc (1) and the diffusing light diaphragm (4).

13. Use of a disc arrangement (100) with electrically heated scattering light visor (4) according to one of claims 1 to 11 in vehicles, ships, aircraft and helicopters, preferably as a windshield and / or rear window of a vehicle.