Ventilation system for buildings

Abstract

The invention relates to a ventilation device (100) with a housing (109), wherein the ventilation device is suitable for being inserted into an opening which passes through the wall of a building, and wherein the housing (109) has an opening on each side of the wall and the housing (109) forms at least one hollow body and a series of channels (108) which are suitable for conducting air are arranged in the hollow body, and wherein the housing (109) forms a wall of the hollow body or bodies.According to the invention, the hollow body is formed by the housing and two covers (101) which close the two openings of the housing (109), and the channels have an at least partially heat-conducting wall between the two openings, and the channels (108) are at least partially surrounded by a PCM (phase change material) material which is accommodated in the hollow body, and the housing (109) is at least partially formed from a deformable plastic material which makes it possible to absorb the volume change of the PCM (phase change material).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for ventilating and de-ventilating buildings.

[0002] In new buildings and / or after renovation, ventilation systems are often used to enable air exchange, prevent the formation of moisture and mold and / or to ventilate interior spaces without having to open windows, for example.

[0003] The problem that arises is the heat loss in winter and the heating in summer due to the outside heat.

[0004] Therefore, ventilation units with heat recovery are often used. State of the art

[0005] WO 2016 / 034561A1 describes a latent heat storage device for encapsulating phase-change materials (PCMs) and the production of containers for this purpose. In addition to the cylindrical shape, a tubular container is also described. The filling volume is specified as up to 500 ml, the wall thickness as 90 to 300 µm, and the preferred temperature stability as 600°C. DE 20 2005 015 393 U1 describes a plate-shaped metal casing for PCMs in which two overlapping sheets are joined or folded around each other at the edges.

[0006] DE 102018000673 describes the design of centralized or decentralized PCM ventilation systems with latent heat storage, in which a composite body made of organic phase-change material (PCM-V) is encapsulated in a metal housing. Specific properties, consisting of requirements for the PCM-V used and the encapsulation of the PCM-V, must be met. The metallic encapsulation of the enclosure must meet the thermal insulation requirements of the encapsulated phase-change material (PCM) as well as the criteria for reducing the flammability, flame spread, temperature development, smoke density, and combustion droplets of the PCM-V.

[0007] DE 202022100099 describes a ventilation system for a building, wherein the ventilation device has a ventilation duct which connects a first and a second ventilation opening of the ventilation device to one another, wherein the ventilation duct has a number of sections which are successively flowed through by an air flow flowing through the ventilation duct, wherein the sections each have a heat accumulator which is thermally coupled to the air flow flowing through the respective section of the ventilation duct, and that in at least one of the sections the heat accumulator is designed as a combination of a respective phase change material and a respective heat exchanger, that the respective heat exchanger encloses the respective phase change material and that the respective phase change material changes its phase state at a respective transition temperature.

[0008] In this case, the heat exchanger encloses the phase change material, so cavities are required to accommodate the expansion of the phase change material. Furthermore, the PCM is only in contact with the heat exchanger on its outer surface, which limits the exchange surface.

[0009] None of the devices described so far allows for rapid and constant heat absorption and heat transfer to the air flowing through the device.

[0010] A ventilation device is proposed to solve these problems.

[0011] The ventilation device consists of a housing, preferably tubular. The ventilation device is designed to be installed in a building wall and penetrates the wall and the housing with an opening on each side of the wall.Inside the housing there are at least one hollow body and a series of channels which are arranged in such a way that they guide air which is surrounded by the hollow body or bodies, wherein the housing advantageously forms a wall of the hollow body or bodies, wherein the channels have an at least partially heat-conducting wall between the two openings and the channels are at least partially surrounded by a PCM material (Phase Change Material) accommodated in the hollow body and wherein at least one part of the housing is formed from a deformable plastic material which can absorb the volume change of the PCM (Phase Change Material), advantageously the housing and the housing are at least partially surrounded by a plastic foam material which can absorb the volume change of the housing.

[0012] Advantageously, the ventilation device comprises a controllable fan for generating an alternating air flow through the ducts and / or two fans for generating an alternating air flow through the ducts.

[0013] The alternating current is determined by the heat absorption capacity of the PCM in thermal contact with the air through the channels.

[0014] Advantageously, the ventilation device consists of two covers, which, together with the housing, form a hollow body in which the channels are arranged. Further purposes, features, advantages, and possible applications will become apparent from the following description of an exemplary embodiment and the accompanying drawings. Accordingly, all features described and / or illustrated in the figures, taken individually or in any combination, constitute the subject matter disclosed herein, regardless of their grouping in the claims or their dependencies. In the drawing: Figure 1a shows a section through a cover for a ventilation device according to the invention, Figure 1b shows a front view of a cover for a ventilation device according to the invention, Figure 1c shows an enlargement of Figure 1a , and Figure 2 shows a ventilation device according to the invention.

[0015] In Figure 2A ventilation device is designated by the reference number 100. This ventilation device 100 is installed in a building wall, advantageously in an exterior wall of a building. This device 100 enables the exchange of air between the interior of a building and the exterior of a building.

[0016] The ventilation device 100 has two covers 101, on which a series of connections 102 are arranged. The connections 102 of the first cover 101 are connected to the connections 102 of the second cover 101 by channels 108, which have an at least partially heat-conducting wall. The covers 101 close off a housing 109, which preferably has a cylindrical tubular shape, into which the channels 108 are inserted. The covers 101 and the housing form a hollow body. The space between the channels within the hollow body formed by the covers 101 and the housing is filled with PCM (phase change material) via the inlets 105 in the cover(s) 101.

[0017] The shell 109 is deformable, allowing it to accommodate volume changes of the PCM. The casing / housing 109 is preferably at least partially encased in a foam 111, which keeps the space between the housing 109 and the wall closed to prevent air leakage, which would cause problems with the building's thermal insulation.

[0018] Advantageously, a fan 112 is arranged on a cover on one side of the ducts 108 and in front of the inlets of the ducts 108, forcing an airflow from the outside of the building to the inside and vice versa. The purpose of the PCM is to maintain a constant temperature inside the building by preventing heat from being dissipated from the inside to the outside in winter and heat from being brought inside in summer.

[0019] In one embodiment, a fan 112 is arranged on each side of the duct cover 101.

[0020] Alternatively or additionally, the fan(s) 112 may be controlled to change the direction of the airflow.

[0021] The channels 108 arranged in the body formed by the housing 109 and the covers 101 are preferably made of aluminum or copper.

[0022] The covers 101 advantageously have inlets 105 so that, after the formation of the hollow body(s) by the housing 109 and the covers 101 and the positioning of the channels 108, the PCM phase-change material is introduced, filling the space and contacting the channels 108. The channels 108 are advantageously connected to the covers via connections 102 arranged on the covers 101 inside the hollow body. The ventilation device 100 is then inserted into a through-opening in a building wall. Advantageously, the housing 109 is at least partially surrounded by a foam 111, preferably vulcanized foam, which absorbs the expansion and return of the housing 109 to its initial position due to the volume change of the PCM phase-change material 110.The foam material ensures that no cracks form, no air can penetrate through it, and no damage to the shell when it is pressed against the wall of the building.

[0023] Finally, it is clear that additions, modifications or variants which are obvious to a person skilled in the art can be made to the building ventilation device according to the invention without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the appended claims. List of reference numbers

[0024] 100Ventilation device 101Cover 102Connection 105Inlet 108Piping / ducts 109Housing 110PCM 111Foam 112Fan

Claims

1. Ventilation device (100) comprising a housing (109), wherein the ventilation device is suitable for being inserted into an opening passing through the wall of a building, and wherein the housing (109) has an opening on each side of the wall, and the housing (109) forms at least one hollow body, and a series of channels (108) are arranged in the hollow body, which channels are suitable for conducting air, and wherein the housing (109) forms a wall of the hollow body or hollow bodies, characterized in thatthe hollow body is formed by the housing and two covers (101) which close the two openings of the housing (109), and in that the channels have an at least partially heat-conducting wall between the two openings, and the channels (108) are at least partially surrounded by a PCM (phase change material) material which is accommodated in the hollow body, and wherein the housing (109) is at least partially formed from a deformable plastic material which makes it possible to absorb the volume change of the PCM (phase change material).

2. Ventilation device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (109) is at least partially surrounded by a foam (111) which can absorb the volume change of the housing (109).

3. Ventilation device (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the housing (109) forms at least one wall of the hollow body.

4. Ventilation device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow body is formed by the housing and two covers (101) which close the two openings of the housing (109).

5. Ventilation device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lids have attachments (102) to which the channels (108) are attached.

6. Ventilation device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the covers (101) have inlets (105) for introducing the PCM into the hollow body.

7. Ventilation device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fan is arranged at the inlets of the ducts, which pushes an air stream through the ducts.

8. Ventilation device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the channels (108) are made of aluminum or copper.

9. Ventilation device (100) according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the foam (111) is vulcanized.