Battery pack
Patent Information
- Application Number
- AU2024207848
- Authority / Receiving Office
- AU · AU
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-12-21
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-17
Smart Images
Figure 00000000_0000_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD The present application relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a battery pack. BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY A battery pack generally includes a plurality of stacked cells and a housing for accommodating the cells, and the cells are connected in series or in parallel via busbars. The battery pack generates heat during charging and discharging. Therefore, a corresponding heat dissipation structure needs to be provided to dissipate heat from the cells, so as to extend the service life of the cells. In addition, the battery pack expands to a certain extent during operation. Hence, it is necessary to apply a certain preload force to large flat faces of the cells to suppress such swelling and further extend the service life. Currently, the cooling of cells in indoor battery packs mainly uses direct ventilation by fans, which blow air directly into the gaps between the cells inside the battery pack to realize in-pack air cooling. However, the indoor direct ventilation of the in-pack cooling solution cannot be directly applied to outdoor scenarios. An additional cabinet is required for ingress protection (IP), resulting in high product costs. In the prior art, outdoor battery packs with high IP ratings are mainly cooled by liquid cooling or air cooling, that is, external cooling: Heat dissipation is realized through single-sided heat conduction via a liquid cooling plate at the mounting bottom of the cells, or single-sided air cooling conduction provided by fans mounted on the outer side of the structural bottom plate of the battery pack. However, liquid cooling entails high costs, difficult installation and maintenance, and a high risk of condensation. Moreover, in general encapsulation methods for battery packs in the prior art, only a housing wall facing terminals is designed as a detachable structure, while relative positions of the remaining housing walls are fixed. To facilitate smooth installation of the cells into the housing, a certain gap is generally reserved between the inner wall of the housing and the cells. This makes it difficult for the large flat faces of the cells to dissipate heat through contact with the housing. The bottom external air cooling method only brings small planar faces of the cells in contact with the bottom. On one hand, this results in insufficient cooling capacity for the cells, affecting the service life of the cells. On the other hand, the gap between the inner wall of the housing and the cells prevents the housing from effectively restraining the side walls of the cells. Consequently, the cell swelling on the large flat faces cannot be effectively suppressed, thereby affecting the service life of the cells. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a high-IP-rated battery pack that features good heat dissipation and cooling effects and can suppress cell swelling. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION In order to develop a high-IP-rated battery pack that features good heat dissipation and cooling effects and can suppress cell swelling, the present application provides a battery pack. A battery pack provided in the present application adopts the following technical solutions: A battery pack includes a housing, where at least one side of the housing is provided with a first opening; a side cover detachably mounted to the first opening; and a plurality of cells that are stacked to form a cell stack and are accommodated in the housing, where terminals of the cells face a side, of the housing, on which the first opening is not located; and the side cover is assembled to abut the cells and is capable of applying a preload force to the cells. In a specific embodiment, the terminals of the cells are arranged along a first direction, the first direction is a direction that is not perpendicular to the side cover, the preload force applied to the cells by the side cover acts along a second direction, and the second direction is a direction that is not parallel to the side cover. In a specific embodiment, the terminals of the cells are arranged along a first direction, the first direction is a direction parallel to the side cover, the preload force applied to the cells by the side cover acts along a second direction, and the second direction is a direction perpendicular to the side cover. In a specific embodiment, the cell stack includes a plurality of cells stacked at least along the second direction. In a specific embodiment, the cell stack includes a plurality of cells stacked along the second direction and a third direction, and the third direction is a direction perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction. In a specific embodiment, large faces of the cells are not parallel to the second direction. In a specific embodiment, large faces of the cells are perpendicular to the second direction. In a specific embodiment, the first direction is a vertical direction; an upper end of the housing is provided with a second opening, a cover plate is detachably mounted to the second opening, and a busbar assembly is disposed at the second opening and abuts the terminals of the cells; the busbar assembly includes a busbar and a circuit isolation plate, the busbar is mounted inside or at a bottom of the circuit isolation plate, at least a portion of the busbar is exposed on a lower surface of the circuit isolation plate to connect to the terminals of the cells, and the circuit isolation plate is detachably mounted within the second opening. In a specific embodiment, the housing further includes a side plate, a bottom plate, a cover plate, and a hollow air duct plate, the side cover; the cover plate, the bottom plate, the side plate, and the hollow air duct plate together enclose the cells therein, the hollow air duct plate is provided with a first air vent in communication with a hollow cavity of the hollow air duct plate, the side plate is provided with a second air vent, a cooling air channel is provided on an outer side of the bottom plate, and the first air vent, the cooling air channel, and the second air vent are in communication with one another. In a specific embodiment, a plurality of air guide strips are disposed in the hollow cavity of the hollow air duct plate, air guide channels are formed between adjacent air guide strips, and the air guide channels are in communication with both the first air vent and the cooling air channel; and the plurality of air guide strips are arranged in parallel and evenly distributed along a length direction of the hollow air duct plate, and each of the plurality of air guide strips forms an angle of 0° to 90° with respect to the length direction of the hollow air duct plate. In a specific embodiment, the first air vent includes a plurality of air holes, the air holes are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the air guide channels, and the air holes are provided on a top side of the hollow air duct plate close to the cover plate and on a lateral side of the hollow air duct plate away from the second air vent; and third air vents are provided on sides of the plurality of air guide channels close to the cooling air channel, the third air vents are in one-to-one correspondence with the air holes, and the third air vents are provided on a bottom side of the hollow air duct plate close to the bottom plate. In a specific embodiment, a fan is provided at the second air vent, and the fan is in communication with the cooling air channel; and a plurality of air guide plates are provided at the second air vent, and the air guide plates are located between the fan and the cooling air channel. In a specific embodiment, a heat dissipation fin structure arranged in at least two directions is disposed on a side of the bottom plate close to the cooling air channel; and the heat dissipation fin structure is arranged along a length direction of the cooling channel and extends to a side close to the second air vent. In a specific embodiment, the heat dissipation fin structure includes a first heat dissipation fin structure and a second heat dissipation fin structure, the first heat dissipation fin structure is arranged along a fourth direction, the second heat dissipation fin structure is arranged along a fifth direction, the fourth direction is different from the fifth direction, and an included angle between the fourth direction and the fifth direction ranges between 0° and 180°. In a specific embodiment, the heat dissipation fin structure further includes a third heat dissipation fin structure located between the first heat dissipation fin structure and the second heat dissipation fin structure, the third heat dissipation fin structure is arranged along a sixth direction, the sixth direction is different from both the fourth direction and the fifth direction, an included angle between the sixth direction and the fourth direction and an included angle between the sixth direction and the fifth direction each range between 0° and 90°; and the third heat dissipation fin structure includes a plurality of heat dissipation fin segments, and make-up air spaces are reserved between adjacent heat dissipation fin segments. In a specific embodiment, the heat dissipation fin structure further includes a heat dissipation pin structure, the heat dissipation pin structure is arranged in blank areas among the first heat dissipation fin structure, the second heat dissipation fin structure, and the third heat dissipation fin structure. In conclusion, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects. 1. In the present application, the cells are installed into the battery pack from a back side of the battery pack, thereby avoiding the impact of horizontally placed cells on the battery service life. After the cells are installed, the side cover compresses the cells to provide the preload force for long service life, thus forming a Cell-to-Pack (CTP) structure, eliminating redundant components and reducing costs. Since the side cover tightly compresses the cells to provide the preload force, both the front and rear large faces of the cells can be in contact with the housing for heat dissipation, improving heat dissipation performance. The battery pack of the present application has a reduced thickness in the front-rear direction, providing an aesthetically pleasing, compact, and balanced appearance. 2. In the present application, the housing and the side cover are designed to enclose the cells of the battery pack, with the cells arranged in contact with the housing, and the multidirectional air duct is designed for cooling the cells. The multi-directional cooling method can solve the problem of cell cooling under high-temperature environments. Moreover, by enclosing the cells together with the side cover, the cover plate, the bottom plate, the side plate, and the hollow air duct plate, a protective structure for the cells is formed, thereby enabling the housing of the present application to be suitable for a high-IP-rated battery pack and to provide IP protection therefor. 3. The present application mainly forms an active external cross-ventilation air cooling system through the fan, the air guide channels in the hollow air duct plate, the cooling air channel at the bottom, and the heat dissipation fin structure arranged in at least two directions at the bottom. This design can accelerate airflow, and the close contact between the cells and the bottom plate can further effectively reduce the temperature of the cells in the accommodating cavity. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an assembly principle diagram of a battery pack according to the prior art; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to Embodiment 1 of the present application; FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a battery pack according to Embodiment 1 of the present application; FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional cross-sectional structural view of a battery pack according to Embodiment 1 of the present application; FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to Embodiment 2 of the present application; FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to Embodiment 3 of the present application; FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to Embodiment 4 of the present application; FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to Embodiment 5 of the present application; FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to Embodiment 6 of the present application; FIG. 10 is an exploded view of a cover plate, a bottom plate, a side plate, and a hollow air duct plate according to Embodiment 6 of the present application; FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the hollow air duct plate according to Embodiment 6 of the present application; FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of air guide strips and air guide channels inside the hollow air duct plate according to Embodiment 6 of the present application; FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to Embodiment 7 of the present application; FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to Embodiment 8 of the present application; and FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to Embodiment 9 of the present application. Reference numerals: 1: existing housing; 2: existing cell; 3: existing cover plate; 10: housing; 11: first opening; 12: second opening; 13: accommodating cavity; 20: side cover; 30: cell; 40: busbar assembly; 41: busbar; 42: circuit isolation plate; 50: cover plate; 51: mounting groove; 60: heat exchange component; 70: bottom plate; 71: cooling air channel; 80: side plate; 81: first side plate; 811: fourth air vent; 82: second side plate; 821: second air vent; 83: fan; 84: air guide plate; 90: hollow air duct plate; 91: first air vent; 911: air hole; 92: air guide strip; 93: air guide channel; 94: third air vent; 100: screw; 101: mounting hole; 110: heat dissipation fin structure; 120: first heat dissipation fin structure; 121: first heat dissipation fin; 130: second heat dissipation fin structure; 131: second heat dissipation fin; 140: third heat dissipation fin structure; 141: heat dissipation fin segment; 142: third heat dissipation fin; 150: heat dissipation pin structure; 151: heat dissipation pin; 160: make-up air space; and 170: mounting frame. SPECIFIC IMPLEMENTATIONS The present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 15. The implementations of the present disclosure are described below through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present disclosure from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present disclosure can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementations. Based on different viewpoints and applications, various modifications or amendments can be made to various details of this specification without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other provided that no conflict occurs. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the embodiments merely illustrate the basic concepts of the present disclosure schematically. Therefore, the drawings only show components related to the present disclosure rather than being drawn according to the quantities, shapes, and sizes of components in actual implementation, patterns, quantities, and proportions of components in actual implementation may be changed randomly, and the component layout may be more complex. A battery pack is an independent energy storage unit having complete charge and discharge functions. A battery pack generally includes a plurality of cells or modules composed of cells. The cells are accommodated in a housing and connected in series or in parallel via a busbar. The battery pack generates heat during charging and discharging, while also experiencing a certain degree of swelling. Therefore, an encapsulation structure of the battery pack not only needs to have good heat dissipation performance, but also needs to be able to reliably constrain the cells. Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 shows an encapsulation structure of an existing battery pack, including a housing, cells, and a cover plate. To distinguish from the technical solution of the present invention, the housing, cells, and cover plate of the existing battery pack are respectively designated herein as existing housing 1, existing cells 2, and existing cover plate 3. As can be seen from FIG. 1, terminals of the existing cells 2 face an opening side of the existing housing 1. The existing housing 1 is generally provided with only one opening, and remaining side walls are integrally connected. It should be understood that, in order to smoothly place the existing cells 2 into the existing housing 1, the size of an inner cavity of the existing housing 1 is slightly larger than the size of a stack formed by the existing cells 2. Therefore, when the existing cells 2 are accommodated in the existing housing 1, certain gaps inevitably exist between the existing cells 2 and inner walls of the existing housing 1. On one hand, such gaps increase the thermal resistance between the existing cells 2 and the existing housing 1, making it difficult for the heat from the existing cells 2 to dissipate outward through the existing housing 1. On the other hand, side walls of the existing housing 1 cannot effectively constrain the existing cells 2. Embodiment 1 With reference to FIG. 2 to FIG. 4, an embodiment of the present application discloses a battery pack. The battery pack includes housing 10, side cover 20, and a plurality of cells 30. In this embodiment, first opening 11 is provided on a side of the housing 10, and the side cover 20 is detachably mounted to the first opening 11. The plurality of cells 30 are stacked to form a cell stack and are accommodated in the housing 10. Terminals of the plurality of cells 30 are arranged along a first direction, and the first direction is a direction parallel to the side cover 20. The side cover 20 is assembled to apply a preload force to the cells 30 along a second direction, such that two sides of the cell stack in the second direction abut the housing 10 and / or the side cover 20. The second direction is a direction perpendicular to the side cover 20. It should be understood that directional terms such as "parallel" and "perpendicular" in the present disclosure do not refer to absolute parallelism or perpendicularity in a mathematical sense, but approximate parallelism or perpendicularity with allowable errors within the general recognition scope of those skilled in the art. For example, an included angle between the first direction and the side cover 20 may vary between -10° and 10°, and an included angle between the second direction and the side cover 20 may vary between 80° and 100°. In some other embodiments, any angle that allows effective transmission of the preload force between the side cover 20 and the cells 30 falls within the scope defined by the present disclosure. For example, to facilitate installation and removal of the cells 30, the whole or part of the side cover 20 may be arranged at a certain inclination angle. In this embodiment, the arrangement of cells 30 differs from that of the existing battery pack in that the terminals of the cells 30 in this embodiment are not oriented in the same direction as the detachable side cover 20. That is, the side cover 20 is disposed opposite a side wall of the cells 30. The advantage of this arrangement is that, because the side cover 20 is detachable, no assembly margin needs to be reserved between the cells 30 and side walls of the housing 10. During assembly, the cells 30 are placed into the housing 10 in sequence, followed by installation of the side cover 20. When installing the side cover 20, the side cover 20 can be closely attached to the cells 30 and apply a certain preload force to the side walls of the cells 30. On one hand, this reduces the thermal resistance between the side walls of the cells 30 and the side cover 20 as well as the housing 10, allowing the cells 30 to effectively dissipate heat through the housing 10. On the other hand, the presence of the preload force can reliably constrain the cells 30 and suppress swelling of the cells 30. In a further specific embodiment, a buffer medium made of a high-thermal-conductivity material, such as a thermal conductive adhesive, may be provided on an inner side of the side cover 20, to further improve a compactness degree between the side cover 20 and the side surfaces of the cells 30, thereby reducing thermal resistance, and enhancing heat dissipation efficiency. A connection mode between the side cover 20 and the housing 10 includes, but is not limited to, bolting, riveting, or snap-fitting. Bolting is preferably adopted in this embodiment. To ensure structural strength while realizing lightweight design of the battery pack, reinforcing ribs may be provided on outer sides of the housing 10 and the side cover 20, for example. Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, in this embodiment, the cell stack includes a plurality of cells 30 stacked along the second direction and along a third direction. The third direction is a direction perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction. The cells 30 used in this embodiment are prismatic cells 30. The battery pack in this embodiment includes a total of nine cells 30 arranged in a 3*3 array. It should be understood that the quantity and array form of the cells 30 in the present disclosure are not unique. In practical applications, the quantity and array form of the cells 30 may be appropriately adjusted based on design parameter requirements of the battery pack. For example, in some other embodiments, the battery pack may alternatively include a 3*4 array of 12 cells 30 or a 4*4 array of 16 cells 30. Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, further, in this embodiment, large faces of each cell 30 are perpendicular to the second direction. It should be noted that the cells 30 are generally flat. The large face of each cell 30 in the present disclosure refers to a surface of the cell 30 with the maximum area, and the surface exhibits most significant deformation when the cell 30 expands. Therefore, in this embodiment, the surface is arranged parallel to the side cover 20, and the side cover 20 applies a preload force to the surface, thereby effectively suppressing deformation caused by swelling of the cell 30. Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the first direction is a vertical direction. In this embodiment, the terminals of the cells 30 face upward, to effectively prevent leakage of electrolyte inside the cells 30. Referring to FIG. 3, in this embodiment, an upper end of the housing 10 is provided with second opening 12. Busbar assembly 40 is disposed at the second opening 12, and the busbar assembly 40 abuts the terminals of the plurality of cells 30. Since the terminals of the cells 30 face upward in this embodiment, the second opening 12 is further provided at the upper end of the housing 10 in this embodiment, to facilitate installation of the busbar assembly 40. The busbar assembly 40 can be assembled in a direction parallel to the terminals. On one hand, this simplifies an assembly process and reduces assembly difficulty. On the other hand, a certain preload force can be applied to the busbar assembly 40 in a direction parallel to the terminals, ensuring reliable contact between the busbar assembly 40 and the terminals. Referring to FIG. 3, the busbar assembly 40 includes busbar 41 and circuit isolation plate 42. The busbar 41 is mounted inside or at a bottom of the circuit isolation plate 42, and at least a portion of the busbar 41 is exposed on a lower surface of the circuit isolation plate 42 to connect to the terminals of the cells 30. The circuit isolation plate 42 is detachably mounted within the second opening 12. It should be understood that the circuit isolation plate 42 may be made of, for example, an insulating material. The circuit isolation plate 42 provides support and protection for the busbar 41, preventing risks such as deformation or short circuit of the busbar 41. Referring to FIG. 3, this embodiment further includes cover plate 50. The cover plate 50 is detachably mounted to the second opening 12. The cover plate 50 is connected to the housing 10 by means of bolts, rivets, or the like, further protecting a backflow assembly and ensuring appearance integrity of the battery pack. Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, in this embodiment, heat exchange component 60 is provided on an outer side of the housing 10 and / or the side cover 20. In this embodiment, the heat exchange component 60 provided on the outer side of the housing 10 is used as an example. Specifically, the heat exchange component 60 is detachably connected to the housing 10. The heat exchange component 60 in this embodiment is a fin heat sink. It should be understood that a specific type of the heat exchange component 60 can be selected according to actual heat dissipation requirements of the battery pack. For example, in some other embodiments, the heat exchange component 60 may alternatively be a liquid cooling plate. The heat exchange component 60 may be integrally formed with the housing 10 or the side cover 20. Embodiment 2 Referring to FIG. 5, this embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that the cells 30 may be, for example, long-case cells 30. Depending on an actual shape of the cells 30, the cells 30 in this embodiment are stacked only along the second direction. The large faces of each cell 30 in this embodiment are also perpendicular to the second direction, ensuring effective heat dissipation of the cells 30 while suppressing swelling of the cells 30. In this embodiment, the terminal direction of the cells 30 is the same as that in the above embodiment. In other words, the terminals are disposed at the upper ends of the cells 30. Therefore, this embodiment can adopt the design of the detachable cover plate 50 from the above embodiment. It should be noted that FIG. 5 is merely a schematic assembly diagram of this embodiment, and does not show other details of the battery pack, such as the busbar assembly 40. However, in practice, these components are necessary for the battery pack. Embodiment 3 Referring to FIG. 6, this embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that, for example, two first openings 11 may be provided on the housing 10. The two first openings 11 are disposed opposite each other. Correspondingly, in this embodiment, two opposite side covers 20 are further provided. Both the side covers 20 are detachably connected to the housing 10. It can be understood that this embodiment can compress the cells 30 from two sides, to realize heat dissipation for the cells 30 and constrain the large faces of the cells 30 through the side covers 20. It should be noted that FIG. 6 is merely a schematic assembly diagram of this embodiment, and does not show other details of the battery pack, such as the busbar assembly 40. However, in practice, these components are necessary for the battery pack. Embodiment 4 Referring to FIG. 7, this embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that the cells 30 may be, for example, short-blade cells 30. The structure of the cells 30 is similar to that of blade batteries. In this embodiment, the terminals of the cells 30 face one end of the housing 10, and the large faces of the cells 30 are also perpendicular to the second direction. The side cover 20 can compress the cells 30 along the second direction, ensuring heat dissipation performance of the cells 30 and suppressing swelling of the cells 30. It should be noted that FIG. 7 is merely a schematic assembly diagram of this embodiment, and does not show other details of the battery pack, such as the busbar assembly 40. However, in practice, these components are necessary for the battery pack. Embodiment 5 With reference to FIG. 8, this embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that the side cover 20 is provided at one end of the housing 10. In this embodiment, the second direction is parallel to a length direction of the housing 10. Therefore, the large faces of the cells 30 are perpendicular to the length direction of the housing 10, and the cells 30 are stacked along the length direction of the housing 10. This embodiment also uses prismatic cells 30. The side cover 20 compresses the cells 30 from the end of the housing 10, and the cells 30 dissipate heat from both ends of the housing 10. It should be noted that FIG. 8 is merely a schematic assembly diagram of this embodiment, and does not show other details of the battery pack, such as the busbar assembly 40. However, in practice, these components are necessary for the battery pack. In summary, from the solutions of Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 5, it can be concluded that: In the present application, the cells 30 are installed into the battery pack from a back side of the battery pack, thereby avoiding the impact of horizontally placed cells 30 on the battery service life. After the cells 30 are installed, the side cover 20 compresses the cells 30 to provide the preload force for long service life, thus forming a CTP structure, eliminating redundant components and reducing costs. Since the side cover 20 tightly compresses the cells 30 to provide the preload force, both the front and rear large faces of the cells 30 can be in contact with the housing for heat dissipation, improving heat dissipation performance. The battery pack of the present disclosure has a reduced thickness in the front-rear direction, providing an aesthetically pleasing, compact, and balanced appearance. It should be noted that FIG. 8 is merely a schematic assembly diagram of this embodiment, and does not show other details of the battery pack, such as the busbar assembly 40. However, in practice, these components are necessary for the battery pack. Embodiment 6 Referring to FIG. 9 to FIG. 12, this embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that the housing 10 further includes bottom plate 70, side plate 80, and hollow air duct plate 90. In this embodiment, quantities of hollow air duct plates 90 and side plates 80 are designed according to positions and a quantity of side covers 20. The side cover 20 may be disposed in the length direction and / or width direction of the housing 10. A structure of the side cover 20 includes, but is not limited to, a hollow structure or a solid structure. In this embodiment, for example, one first opening 11 is provided and is disposed in the length direction of the housing 10. In other words, one side cover 20 is provided, and the side cover 20 is disposed in the length direction of the housing 10. Based on the above configuration, one hollow air duct plate 90 is provided in this embodiment, and the side cover 20 adopts the same overall structure as the hollow air duct plate 90. The hollow air duct plate 90 and the side cover 20 are disposed opposite to each other and both extend along a length direction of the bottom plate 70. Both the side cover 20 and the hollow air duct plate 90 are provided with first air vents 91 in communication with a hollow cavity of the hollow air duct plate 90. Based on the above configuration, in this embodiment, two side plates 80 are provided. The two side plates 80 are disposed opposite each other and are both arranged along the width direction of the bottom plate 70. The side plates 80 include first side plate 81 and second side plate 82. The second side plate 82 is provided with second air vent 821, and the first side plate 81 is provided with fourth air vent 811. In this embodiment, both the second air vent 821 and the fourth air vent 811 are disposed close to the bottom plate 70. In this embodiment, the housing 10 further includes mounting frame 170. The side cover 20, the cover plate 50, the bottom plate 70, the two side plates 80, and the hollow air duct plate 90 together enclose the mounting frame 170 to form accommodating cavity 13. The side cover 20, the cover plate 50, the bottom plate 70, the two side plates 80, and the hollow air duct plate 90 together enclose the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13. Cooling air channel 71 is provided on a side of the bottom plate 70 away from the accommodating cavity 13. The fourth air vent 811, the first air vent 91, the cooling air channel 71, and the second air vent 821 are in communication with one another. In this embodiment, air enters the hollow cavity of the hollow air duct plate 90 through the first air vent 91 and flows to the cooling air channel 71, forming a lateral cooling system for the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13. Air enters the cooling air channel 71 through the fourth air vent 811, forming a bottom cooling system for the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13. Thus, a multi-directional three-dimensional cooling system is formed for the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13. In this embodiment, the connection mode between the cover plate 50, the side plates 80, the hollow air duct plate 90, and the mounting frame 170 includes, but is not limited to, connection through screws 100, rivets, or snap-fit. The screws 100 are preferably adopted in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the cover plate 50 is provided with mounting grooves 51. The hollow air duct plate 90, the side plates 80, and the mounting grooves 51 of the cover plate 50 are provided with mounting holes 101 for the screws 100 to extend through for installation. During operation, air enters through the first air vent 91, passes the hollow cavity, converges to the cooling air channel 71 at the bottom, and is discharged through the second air vent 821. During this process, part of the air directly enters the cooling air channel 71 through the fourth air vent 811 and is discharged through the second air vent 821, thereby forming a cross-ventilation air duct with converged and communicated three-dimensional air passages in multiple directions. As the air moves, multi-directional cooling is achieved for the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13. Thus, the cells 30 placed in the accommodating cavity 13 can be cooled from multiple directions. The multi-directional cooling method can solve the cooling problem of the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13 under high-temperature environments. The battery pack of the present application achieves good heat dissipation and cooling effects, effectively solving the service life problem of the cells 30 in the battery pack under high-temperature environments. In this embodiment, the side cover 20 and the hollow air duct plate 90 have the same overall structure. A plurality of air guide strips 92 are connected to both the side cover 20 and inner walls of the hollow cavity of the hollow air duct plate 90. Air guide channels 93 are formed between adjacent air guide strips 92. The air guide channels 93 are in communication with both the first air vent 91 and the cooling air channel 71. The plurality of air guide channels 93 formed by the plurality of air guide strips 92 can control the airflow direction and also make the air flow, thereby accelerating the airflow speed. This achieves a better air supply effect, and improves the overall cooling effect. The plurality of air guide strips 92 are arranged in parallel and are evenly distributed along the length direction of the hollow air duct plate 90. Thus, the air guide strips 92 can achieve uniform airflow guidance and enhance the overall cooling effect. Each of the plurality of air guide strips 92 forms an included angle of 0° to 90° with respect to the length direction of the hollow air duct plate 90. In this embodiment, an included angle between an inclined surface of the air guide strip 92 and a surface of the hollow air duct plate 90 close to the bottom plate 70 is an acute angle or a right angle on a vertical projection plane, with the included angle ranging between 0° and 90°. In this way, the air guide strips 92 can directly guide the air toward a side of the bottom cooling air channel 71 close to the second air vent 821, thereby increasing the speed of air flowing toward the second air vent 821, and improving the overall cooling effect. The first air vent 91 includes a plurality of air holes 911, and the air holes 911 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with and in communication with the air guide channels 93. The air holes 911 are provided on a top side of the hollow air duct plate 90 close to the cover plate 50 and on a lateral side of the hollow air duct plate 90 away from the second air vent 821. Third air vents 94 are provided on sides of the plurality of air guide channels 93 close to the cooling air channel 71. The third air vents 94 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the air holes 911. The third air vents 94 are provided on a bottom side of the hollow air duct plate 90 close to the bottom plate 70. During cooling, air enters the air guide channels 93 through the air holes 911, then flows out through the third air vents 94 and converges in the cooling air channel 71 at the bottom, and then passes the cooling air channel 71 and flows out through the second air vent 821. The air converging in the cooling air channel 71 at the bottom cools the bottom of the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13, thereby enabling multi-directional cooling of the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13. Fan 83 is further provided at the second air vent 821. In this embodiment, the fan 83 drives airflow in an exhaust manner. Specifically, during operation, the fan 83 is activated. The fan 83, in an exhaust manner, drives part of the air to enter the air guide channels 93 through the plurality of air holes 911 of the first air vent 91, then flow out through the third air vent 94, converge in the cooling air channel 71 at the bottom, and be exhausted through the second air vent 821, thereby forming a lateral cooling system for the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13. Furthermore, the fan 83, in an exhaust manner, drives part of the air to enter through the fourth air vent 811, directly flow into the cooling air channel 71, and be exhausted through the second air vent 821, thereby forming a bottom cooling system for the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13. Thus, the air guide channels 93 on the hollow air duct plate 90 and the cooling air channel 71 at the bottom form an active external cross-ventilation air cooling system, and a double-wall air channel is formed to accelerate airflow and effectively reduce the temperature of the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13. Consequently, the air entering through the first air vent 91 and the cooling air channel 71 can be exhausted more quickly through the second air vent 821, accelerating the airflow speed, thereby effectively reducing the temperature of the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13 and enhancing the overall cooling effect of the battery pack. A plurality of air guide plates 84 are further provided at the second air vent 821. In this embodiment, the plurality of air guide plates 84 are arranged in parallel and evenly distributed along the length direction of the second air vent 821. The plurality of air guide plates 84 are disposed along a width direction of the second air vent 821. All of the air guide plates 84 are located between the fan 83 and the cooling air channel 71, to control the airflow direction and also make the air flow, thereby accelerating the airflow speed. This enhances the effect of air flowing out of the cooling air channel 71 to the second air vent 821, thereby improving the overall cooling effect. The implementation principle of Embodiment 6 is as follows: The present application mainly uses the fan 83, the air guide channels 93 on the hollow air duct plate 90, and the cooling air channel 71 at the bottom to form an active external cross-ventilation air cooling system. Furthermore, the cells 30 abut both the bottom plate 70 and the hollow air duct plate 90, and the air guide channels 93 and the cooling air channel 71 form a double-wall air channel for the cells 30, thereby forming a multi-directional three-dimensional cooling system for the cells 30, to solve the problem of the service life of the cells 30 under high-temperature environments. Moreover, by arranging the largest surface of each cell 30 parallel to the hollow air duct plate 90 and having the hollow air duct plate 90 abut and exert a preload force on the surface, deformation caused by swelling of the cells 30 can be effectively suppressed. During assembly, the two side plates 80 and the hollow air duct plate 90 are connected to the mounting frame 170 via the screws 100. The cells 30 of the battery pack are placed into the accommodating cavity 13 through the first opening 11, and the terminals of the cells 30 face toward the cover plate 50. In this case, outer walls of the cells 30 abut the bottom plate 70 and an inner wall of the hollow air duct plate 90. Then, the side cover 20 is connected to the first opening 11 of the mounting frame 170 via the screws 100, and the busbar 41 assembly is placed through the second opening 12 and brought into abutment with the terminals of the cells 30. Then, the cover plate 50 is connected to the second opening 12 of the mounting frame 170, thereby forming the accommodating cavity 13 to enclose the cells 30 therein. Thus, a protective structure is formed for the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13, enabling the housing 10 of the present application to be suitable for a high-IP-rated battery pack and to provide IP protection therefor. After assembly, the surface with the largest area on each cell 30 abuts the hollow air duct plate 90, and the hollow air duct plate 90 exerts a preload force on the surface, thereby effectively suppressing deformation caused by swelling of the cells 30. During operation, the fan 83 is activated. The fan 83, in an exhaust manner, drives part of the air to enter the air guide channels 93 through the plurality of air holes 911 of the first air vent 91, then flow out through the third air vent 94, converge in the cooling air channel 71 at the bottom, and be exhausted through the second air vent 821, thereby forming a lateral cooling system for the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13. Furthermore, the fan 83, in an exhaust manner, drives part of the air to enter through the fourth air vent 811, directly flow into the cooling air channel 71, and be exhausted through the second air vent 821, thereby forming a bottom cooling system for the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13. Under the action of the fan 83, the fan 83 enables the air guide channels 93 on the hollow air duct plate 90 and the cooling air channel 71 at the bottom to form an active external crossventilation air cooling system, and also accelerates airflow, effectively reducing the temperature of the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13 of the battery pack. During this process, since the outer walls of the cells 30 abut the bottom plate 70 and the inner wall of the hollow air duct plate 90, a double-wall air channel is formed, thereby forming a three-dimensional cooling system for the cells 30 of the battery pack. A through air duct with converged and communicated three-dimensional air passages in multiple directions is formed. As the air moves, multi-directional cooling is achieved for the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13. Thus, the cells 30 placed in the accommodating cavity 13 can be cooled from multiple directions. The multi-directional cooling method can solve the cooling problem of the cells 30 in the battery pack under high-temperature environments. This can achieve good heat dissipation and cooling effects, effectively solving the service life problem of the cells 30 in the battery pack under high-temperature environments. Embodiment 7 Referring to FIG. 13, this embodiment differs from Embodiment 6 in that heat dissipation fin structure 110 arranged in at least two directions is provided on a side of the bottom plate 70 close to the cooling air channel 71. In this embodiment, the heat dissipation fin structure 110 arranged in two directions may be symmetrically arranged or asymmetrically arranged. The quantity, shape, and arrangement of the heat dissipation fin structures 110 in the cooling air channel 71 can be designed according to the layout, temperature, and service life of heatgenerating components accommodated in the accommodation space. The heat dissipation fin structure 110 extends along a length direction of the cooling air channel 71 and extends to a side close to the fan 83. Thus, the flow rate of the cooling airflow can be accelerated, the heat dissipation area is increased. In this way, the heat dissipation efficiency of the housing 10 is further improved, and the cooling effect is further enhanced. During operation, the fan 83 is activated, driving airflow within the cooling air channel 71. The air in the cooling air channel 71 moves toward the fan 83 along the heat dissipation fin structure 110 arranged in at least two directions, and is discharged out of the cooling air channel 71 by the fan 83, thereby achieving external cooling of the housing 10. In this process, through the arrangement of the cooling air channel 71, the fan 83, and the heat dissipation fin structure 110 arranged in at least two directions, an external cooling method is achieved. This can accelerate the flow rate of the cooling airflow and increase the heat dissipation area. In this way, the heat dissipation efficiency of the housing 10 is improved, and the cooling effect is enhanced. Moreover, while the cooling effect is good, the manufacturing cost of the present application is lower than existing external liquid cooling methods. Installation and maintenance are convenient, and the condensation phenomenon of liquid cooling can be avoided. The heat dissipation fin structure 110 includes first heat dissipation fin structure 120 and second heat dissipation fin structure 130. In this embodiment, both the first heat dissipation fin structure 120 and the second heat dissipation fin structure 130 are arranged obliquely. The first heat dissipation fin structure 120 is arranged along a fourth direction, and the second heat dissipation fin structure 130 is arranged along a fifth direction. The fourth direction is different from the fifth direction. The included angle between the fourth direction and the fifth direction ranges between 0° and 180°. In this embodiment, preferably, the included angle between the fourth direction and the fifth direction includes, but is not limited to, ranging between 30° and 150°. In this embodiment, the arrangement of the first heat dissipation fin structure 120 and the second heat dissipation fin structure 130 includes, but is not limited to, being symmetrically arranged with respect to a center line along the length direction of the cooling air channel 71. The first heat dissipation fin structure 120 includes a plurality of first heat dissipation fins 121. The plurality of first heat dissipation fins 121 have the same arrangement direction and are all arranged along the fourth direction. The plurality of first heat dissipation fins 121 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the cooling air channel 71. In this embodiment, lengths of the plurality of first heat dissipation fins 121 are the same or different. In this embodiment, the second heat dissipation fin structure 130 includes a plurality of second heat dissipation fins 131. The plurality of second heat dissipation fins 131 have the same arrangement direction and are all arranged along the fifth direction. The plurality of second heat dissipation fins 131 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the cooling air channel 71. In this embodiment, lengths of the plurality of second heat dissipation fins 131 are the same or different. In this embodiment, shapes of the first heat dissipation fins 121 and the second heat dissipation fins 131 include, but are not limited to, regular shapes and irregular shapes. Surfaces in the length direction of the first heat dissipation fins 121 and the second heat dissipation fins 131 include, but are not limited to, flat surfaces and curved surfaces. In this embodiment, the surfaces of the first heat dissipation fins 121 and the second heat dissipation fins 131 are flat surfaces. In this embodiment, a material of the first heat dissipation fins 121 and the second heat dissipation fins 131 includes, but is not limited to, a metal material with good thermal conductivity. The implementation principle of Embodiment 7 is as follows: In the present application, the heat dissipation fin structure 110 arranged in at least two directions is provided on a side of the bottom plate 70 close to the cooling air channel 71, and the two heat dissipation fin structures 110, namely the first heat dissipation fin structure 120 and the second heat dissipation fin structure 130, are arranged along the different fourth direction and fifth direction. With the use of the fan 83, airflow in two directions is formed inside the cooling air channel 71, to further accelerate the flow speed of the cooling airflow. This speeds up the rate at which the airflow takes away heat from the cells 30 of the battery pack, increases the heat dissipation area, and thus further improves the overall heat dissipation efficiency and cooling effect of the battery pack. Embodiment 8 Referring to FIG. 14, this embodiment differs from Embodiment 7 in that the heat dissipation fin structure 110 further includes third heat dissipation fin structure 140. The third heat dissipation fin structure 140 is located between the first heat dissipation fin structure 120 and the second heat dissipation fin structure 130. In this embodiment, the arrangement of the first heat dissipation fin structure 120 and the second heat dissipation fin structure 130 includes, but is not limited to, being symmetrically arranged with respect to the third heat dissipation fin structure 140. In this embodiment, both the first heat dissipation fin structure 120 and the second heat dissipation fin structure 130 are arranged obliquely, and the third heat dissipation fin structure 140 is arranged straight. The third heat dissipation fin structure 140 is arranged along a sixth direction, and the sixth direction is different from both the fourth direction and the fifth direction. An included angle between the sixth direction and the fourth direction and an included angle between the sixth direction and the fifth direction each range between 0° and 90°. In this embodiment, preferably, the included angle between the sixth direction and the fourth direction and the included angle between the sixth direction and the fifth direction include, but are not limited to, ranging between 30° and 80°. In the present application, the three heat dissipation fin structures 110, namely the first heat dissipation fin structure 120, the second heat dissipation fin structure 130, and the third heat dissipation fin structure 140, are arranged along the different fourth direction, fifth direction, and sixth direction. With the use of the fan 83, airflow in three directions is formed in the cooling air channel 71. Thus, the speed at which the airflow carries away heat can be further increased, thereby further improving the heat dissipation efficiency and cooling effect. The third heat dissipation fin structure 140 includes a plurality of heat dissipation fin segments 141. In this embodiment, the heat dissipation fin segments 141 include, but are not limited to, three segments. In this embodiment, the three heat dissipation fin segments 141 each include a plurality of third heat dissipation fins 142. The plurality of third heat dissipation fins 142 have the same arrangement direction and are all arranged along the sixth direction. The plurality of third heat dissipation fins 142 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the cooling air channel 71. In this embodiment, lengths of the plurality of third heat dissipation fins 142 are the same or different. In this embodiment, shapes of the third heat dissipation fins 142 include, but are not limited to, regular shapes and irregular shapes. Surfaces in the length direction of the third heat dissipation fins 142 include, but are not limited to, flat surfaces and curved surfaces. In this embodiment, the surfaces of the third heat dissipation fins 142 are flat surfaces. In this embodiment, the material of the third heat dissipation fins 142 includes, but is not limited to, a metal material with good thermal conductivity. In this embodiment, the quantity, shape, and arrangement of the third heat dissipation fin structures 140 can be designed according to the layout, temperature, and service life of the cells 30 in the battery pack. Make-up air spaces 160 are reserved between adjacent heat dissipation fin segments 141. In this embodiment, the plurality of heat dissipation fin segments 141 are arranged in a split manner to form the make-up air spaces 160. The make-up air spaces 160 allow fresh air to enter and mix with the original air to lower the temperature, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the third heat dissipation fin structure 140 and thus enhancing the overall heat dissipation effect. The implementation principle of Embodiment 8 is as follows: In this embodiment, the three heat dissipation fin structures 110, namely the first heat dissipation fin structure 120, the second heat dissipation fin structure 130, and the third heat dissipation fin structure 140, are arranged along the different fourth direction, fifth direction, and sixth direction. With the use of the fan 83, airflow in three directions is formed in the cooling air channel 71. Thus, the speed at which the cooling airflow carries away heat can be further increased, thereby further improving the heat dissipation efficiency and cooling effect of the battery pack. Furthermore, the third heat dissipation fin structure 140 is designed with a plurality of heat dissipation fin segments 141 arranged in a split manner to form the make-up air spaces 160. The make-up air spaces 160 allow fresh air to enter and mix with the original air to lower the temperature, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the third heat dissipation fin structure 140 and thus enhancing the overall heat dissipation effect of the battery pack. Embodiment 9 Referring to FIG. 15, this embodiment differs from Embodiment 8 in that the heat dissipation fin structure 110 further includes a heat dissipation pin structure 150. The heat dissipation pin structure 150 is divided into a plurality of groups. In this embodiment, three groups of heat dissipation pin structures 150 are provided. The heat dissipation pin structures 150 are disposed in blank areas among the first heat dissipation fin structure 120, the second heat dissipation fin structure 130, and the third heat dissipation fin structure 140. In this embodiment, all the three groups of heat dissipation pin structures 150 are disposed close to the fourth air vent 811. Two groups of heat dissipation pin structures 150 are disposed in blank areas, close to the housing 10, of the first heat dissipation fin structure 120 and the second heat dissipation fin structure 130 located at the fourth air vent 811. The other group of heat dissipation pin structures 150 is disposed in a blank area between the heat dissipation fin segment 141 of the third heat dissipation fin structure 140 located at the fourth air vent 811 and the adjacent heat dissipation fin segment 141, and is disposed between the first heat dissipation fin structure 120 and the second heat dissipation fin structure 130. In this embodiment, the quantity, shape, and arrangement of the heat dissipation pin structures 150 can be designed according to the layout, temperature, and service life of the cells 30 in the battery pack. In this embodiment, the heat dissipation pin structure 150 includes a plurality of heat dissipation pins 151. The shape of the heat dissipation pins 151 includes, but is not limited to, a cylindrical shape. The material of the heat dissipation pins 151 includes, but is not limited to, a metal material with good thermal conductivity. By providing the heat dissipation pin structures 150, the blank areas among the first heat dissipation fin structure 120, the second heat dissipation fin structure 130, and the third heat dissipation fin structure 140 can be filled, creating a turbulence effect when air passes through. This reduces local resistance loss in the blank areas, thereby increasing the heat dissipation area and improving the heat dissipation effect. The implementation principle of Embodiment 9 is as follows: During implementation of this embodiment, by providing the heat dissipation pin structures 150, the blank areas among the first heat dissipation fin structure 120, the second heat dissipation fin structure 130, and the third heat dissipation fin structure 140 can be filled, creating a turbulence effect when air passes through. This reduces local resistance loss in the blank areas, thereby increasing the heat dissipation area and improving the heat dissipation effect of the battery pack. Embodiment 10 This embodiment differs from Embodiment 6 in that the fan 83 in this embodiment drives airflow in a blowing manner. The overall structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and reference can be made to the drawing of Embodiment 1. Specifically, reference may be made to FIG. 9 to FIG. 12. Specifically, during operation, the fan 83 is activated. The fan 83, in a blowing manner, drives air to be blown into the cooling air channel 71 through the second air vent 821. In this case, the fan 83 blows air into the cooling air channel 71, drives part of the air in the cooling air channel 71 to flow through the third air vents 94 into the air guide channels 93, and then drives the air in the air guide channels 93 to be blown out through the plurality of air holes 911 of the first air vent 91, thereby forming a lateral cooling system for the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13. In addition, the fan 83 blows air into the cooling air channel 71, and drives part of the air in the cooling air channel 71 to blow out directly through the fourth air vent 811, thereby forming a bottom cooling system for the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13. Thus, the air guide channels 93 on the hollow air duct plate 90 and the cooling air channel 71 at the bottom form an active external cross-ventilation air cooling system, and a double-wall air channel is formed to accelerate airflow and effectively reduce the temperature of the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13. Consequently, the air blown in through the second air vent 5 821 can be blown out more quickly through the cooling air channel 71 to the first air vent 91 and the fourth air vent 811, accelerating the airflow speed, thereby effectively reducing the temperature of the cells 30 in the accommodating cavity 13 and enhancing the overall cooling effect of the battery pack. The above are preferred examples of this application, but the protection scope of this 10 application is not limited thereto. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of this application shall fall within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A battery pack, comprising: a housing, wherein at least one side of the housing is provided with a first opening; a side cover detachably mounted to the first opening; and a plurality of cells that are stacked to form a cell stack and are accommodated in the housing, wherein terminals of the cells face a side, of the housing, on which the first opening is not located; and the side cover is assembled to abut the cells and is capable of applying a preload force to the cells.
2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the terminals of the cells are arranged along a first direction, the first direction is a direction that is not perpendicular to the side cover, the preload force applied to the cells by the side cover acts along a second direction, and the second direction is a direction that is not parallel to the side cover.
3. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the terminals of the cells are arranged along a first direction, the first direction is a direction parallel to the side cover, the preload force applied to the cells by the side cover acts along a second direction, and the second direction is a direction perpendicular to the side cover.
4. The battery pack according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the cell stack comprises a plurality of cells stacked at least along the second direction.
5. The battery pack according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the cell stack comprises a plurality of cells stacked along the second direction and a third direction, and the third direction is a direction perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction.
6. The battery pack according to claim 2 or 3, wherein large faces of the cells are not parallel to the second direction.
7. The battery pack according to claim 2 or 3, wherein large faces of the cells are perpendicular to the second direction.
8. The battery pack according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the first direction is a vertical direction; an upper end of the housing is provided with a second opening, a cover plate is detachably mounted to the second opening, and a busbar assembly is disposed at the second opening and abuts theterminals of the cells; the busbar assembly comprises a busbar and a circuit isolation plate, the busbar is mounted inside or at a bottom of the circuit isolation plate, at least a portion of the busbar is exposed on a lower surface of the circuit isolation plate to connect to the terminals of the cells, and the circuit isolation plate is detachably mounted within the second opening.
9. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the housing further comprises a side plate, a bottom plate, a cover plate, and a hollow air duct plate; the side cover, the cover plate, the bottom plate, the side plate, and the hollow air duct plate together enclose the cells therein; the hollow air duct plate is provided with a first air vent in communication with a hollow cavity of the hollow air duct plate; the side plate is provided with a second air vent, a cooling air channel is provided on an outer side of the bottom plate; and the first air vent, the cooling air channel, and the second air vent are in communication with one another.
10. The battery pack according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of air guide strips are disposed in the hollow cavity of the hollow air duct plate, air guide channels are formed between adjacent air guide strips, and the air guide channels are in communication with both the first air vent and the cooling air channel; and the plurality of air guide strips are arranged in parallel and evenly distributed along a length direction of the hollow air duct plate, and each of the plurality of air guide strips forms an angle of 0° to 90° with respect to the length direction of the hollow air duct plate.
11. The battery pack according to claim 10, wherein the first air vent comprises a plurality of air holes, the air holes are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the air guide channels, and the air holes are provided on a top side of the hollow air duct plate close to the cover plate and on a lateral side of the hollow air duct plate away from the second air vent; and third air vents are provided on sides of the plurality of air guide channels close to the cooling air channel, the third air vents are in one-to-one correspondence with the air holes, and the third air vents are provided on a bottom side of the hollow air duct plate close to the bottom plate.
12. The battery pack according to claim 9, wherein a fan is provided at the second air vent, and the fan is in communication with the cooling air channel; and a plurality of air guide plates are provided at the second air vent, and the air guide plates are located between the fan and the cooling air channel.
13. The battery pack according to claim 9, wherein a heat dissipation fin structure arranged in at least two directions is disposed on a side of the bottom plate close to the cooling air channel; and the heat dissipation fin structure is arranged along a length direction of the cooling channel and extends to a side close to the second air vent.
14. The battery pack according to claim 13, wherein the heat dissipation fin structure comprises a first heat dissipation fin structure and a second heat dissipation fin structure, the first heat dissipation fin structure is arranged along a fourth direction, the second heat dissipation fin structure is arranged along a fifth direction, the fourth direction is different from the fifth direction, and an included angle between the fourth direction and the fifth direction ranges between 0° and 180°.
15. The battery pack according to claim 14, wherein the heat dissipation fin structure further comprises a third heat dissipation fin structure located between the first heat dissipation fin structure and the second heat dissipation fin structure, the third heat dissipation fin structure is arranged along a sixth direction, the sixth direction is different from both the fourth direction and the fifth direction, an included angle between the sixth direction and the fourth direction and an included angle between the sixth direction and the fifth direction each range between 0° and 90°; and the third heat dissipation fin structure comprises a plurality of heat dissipation fin segments, and make-up air spaces are reserved between adjacent heat dissipation fin segments.
16. The battery pack according to claim 15, wherein the heat dissipation fin structure further comprises a heat dissipation pin structure, the heat dissipation pin structure is arranged in blank areas among the first heat dissipation fin structure, the second heat dissipation fin structure, and the third heat dissipation fin structure.