Automatic sample-loading chromatography tandem mass spectrometer

Abstract

Abstract The present invention discloses an automatic sample-loading chromatography tandem mass spectrometer, which belongs to the technical field of instrumental analysis. The apparatus comprises an instrument body provided with a sample-loading chamber and an aspiration chamber. The sample-loading chamber is provided with a sample inlet and a sample outlet. A conveying assembly is arranged at the sample inlet and sample outlet, which is provided with a first clamping groove structure for holding sample tubes. A grasping assembly for gripping sample tubes is arranged in the sample-loading chamber between two conveying assemblies. A sample-loading assembly is partially disposed in the sample-loading chamber and partially in the aspiration chamber. The sample-loading assembly rotates synchronously with the grasping assembly and is provided with a second clamping groove structure having the same configuration as the first clamping groove structure. Abstract The present invention discloses an automatic sample-loading chromatography tandem mass spectrometer, which belongs to the technical field of instrumental analysis. The apparatus comprises an instrument body provided with a sample-loading chamber and an aspiration chamber. The sample-loading chamber is provided with a sample inlet and a sample outlet. A conveying assembly is arranged at the sample inlet and sample outlet, which is provided with a first clamping groove structure for holding sample tubes. A grasping assembly for gripping sample tubes is arranged in the sample-loading chamber between two conveying assemblies. A sample-loading assembly is partially disposed in the sample-loading chamber and partially in the aspiration chamber. The sample-loading assembly rotates synchronously with the grasping assembly and is provided with a second clamping groove structure having the same configuration as the first clamping groove structure. 20 25 20 55 12 16 J ul 2 02 5 2 0 2 5 2 0 5 5 1 2 1 6 J u l 2 0 2 5 2 0 2 5 2 0 5 5 1 2 1 6 J u l 2 0 2 5 22 1 / 7 FIG.1 1 / 7 102 4 1 3 201 101 2 7 FIG.1 22 20 25 20 55 12 16 J ul 2 02 5 2 2F I G . 1 L 2 0 7 I O I 2 0 1 1 0 2 2 0 2 5 2 0 5 5 1 2 1 6 J u l 2 0 2 5 2 2F I G . 1 L 7 o f I O I 2 0 1 01 2 0 2 2 0 2 5 2 0 5 5 1 2 1 6 J u l 2 0 2 5

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to an automatic sample-loading chromatography tandem mass spectrometer, belonging to the technical field of instrumental analysis. BACKGROUND

[0002] Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) is a highly efficient analytical technique that combines advantages of liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS). LC is used to separate compounds in a mixture, while MS determines a structure and a molecular weight of the compounds. During a detection process, the sample is first separated via an LC column and then introduced into the mass spectrometer for mass analysis. Liquid chromatography separates compounds based on properties such as hydrophilicity and molecular size, whereas mass spectrometry identifies the structure and molecular weight of compounds by analyzing mass spectra of the compound.

[0003] In existing chromatography-tandem mass spectrometers, a sample-loading process requires manual placement of sample vials containing a test solution into an aspiration chamber of an instrument. This system lacks automatic continuous loading, meaning that for continuous detection, operators must repeatedly open and close the loading chamber to sequentially load multiple samples, leading to prolonged manual intervention. SUMMARY

[0004] The present invention aims to address a technical problem of providing an automatic sample-loading chromatography tandem mass spectrometer, which solves the problem in existing 2025205512   16 Jul 2025 technologies where detection instruments cannot achieve continuous automatic sample loading, requiring manual intervention for repeated sample-loading operations.

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is addressed through the following technical solution: an automatic sample-loading chromatography tandem mass spectrometer includes: an instrument body, provided with a sample-loading chamber and an aspiration chamber, where the sample-loading chamber has a sample inlet and a sample outlet;

[0006] a conveying assembly, provided at the sample inlet and the sample outlet, provided with a clamping groove structure I for holding sample tubes; a grabbing assembly, provided inside the sample-loading chamber between the two conveying assemblies, for grabbing sample tubes;

[0007] a sample-loading assembly, partially provided in the sample-loading chamber and partially in the aspiration chamber, rotating synchronously with the grabbing assembly, where the sample-loading assembly is equipped with a clamping groove structure II, identical in structure to the clamping groove structure I;

[0008] where the clamping groove structure I includes a loading groove and a limiting groove connected to the loading groove.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, all test samples can be placed in the conveying assembly at once, allowing the instrument to operate automatically for detection. The conveying assembly, in coordination with the grabbing assembly, continuously transfers sample tubes into the sample-loading assembly, where they are aspirated by the corresponding suction device in the aspiration chamber into a detection loop of the instrument for analysis. After aspiration, the empty tubes are automatically removed and placed onto the conveying assembly on the opposite side. After sample tubes are transported into the sample-loading chamber via the conveying assembly, the grabbing assembly picks the sample tubes up and places them into the limiting groove on the sample-loading assembly. During this process of placing the sample tubes into the limiting groove, the grabbing assembly and the sample-loading assembly rotate synchronously. During the process 2025205512   16 Jul 2025 of rotation, the sample tube first enters the loading groove. As a synchronous rotation of the grabbing assembly and the sample-loading assembly continues, the sample tube then moves into the limiting groove, where the sample tube is securely clamped.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: the conveying assembly includes a drive box provided with a drive shaft, with one end of the drive shaft connected to a driver and the other end of of the drive shaft to a drive gear. The drive gear meshes with a toothed transmission belt, an outer circumference of which is linked to a conveying member that moves synchronously with the toothed transmission belt. The clamping groove structure I of the conveying assembly is mounted on the conveying member.

[0011] By adopting the aforementioned technical solution, a corresponding number of sample tubes are uniformly placed in clamping groove structure I on the conveying member. The driver rotates the drive gear, driving the toothed transmission belt to move to enanble the conveying member to move synchronously, and then to transport sample tubes sequentially into the sampleloading chamber for grabbing by the grabbing assembly. Meanwhile, the grabbing assembly retrieves aspirated sample tubes from the sample-loading assembly and transfers aspirated sample tubes to the conveying assembly at the sanple outlet on the other end, enabling continuous automatic loading and sampling.

[0012] The present invention is further configured as follows: the grabbing assembly includes a drive housing at the center of a base plate of the sample-loading chamber, the drive housing is provided with a lifter, and a pneumatic rotary connector is mounted on the drive housing, linked to the lifter. The outer circumference surface of the pneumatic rotary connector is provided with multiple extension plates, an end of each extension plate is fitted with a rubber suction head. An air passage hole connected to an air tube is provided at the center of the rubber suction head, and the other end of the air tube links to the pneumatic rotary connector.

[0013] By adopting the aforementioned technical solution, during sample tube gripping, the 2025205512   16 Jul 2025 grabbing assembly is controlled to rotate until the rubber suction head covers the end of the sample tube. By controlling suction of the pneumatic rotary connector, internal air in the sample tube decreases, changing the air pressure in the sample tube and allowing the sample tube to be lifted via vacuum adhesion.

[0014] The present invention is further configured as follows: the sample-loading assembly includes a cylindrical platform with evenly spaced clamping groove structures II on an outer circumference of the cylindrical platform. The cylindrical platform is provided with a drive device.

[0015] By adopting the aforementioned technical solution, the sample tubes may be rotated and transferred from the sample-loading chamber to the aspiration chamber. Since evenly spaced clamping groove structures II are provided on the outer circumfe of the cylindrical platform, the number of clamping groove structures II can be increased or decreased as needed to accommodate varying quantities of samples. This enables flexible adaptation to diverse experimental requirements. The drive device allows convenient control over the rotation and positioning of the cylindrical platform, simplifying the sample-loading operation. Users can precisely regulate the sample-loading position and speed via the drive device, enhancing both operational ease and accuracy. Due to the evenly spaced layout of the clamping groove structures II and a precise control over the rotation angle of the platform by the the drive device, consistent positioning and angle are ensured for each loading sample. This promotes experimental repeatability and uniformity, improving the reliability of test results. A design of the clamping groove structures II effectively prevents sample detachment during sample loading, ensuring the sample process safety. Meanwhile, the drive decice can control speed and force of sample loading, prevent potential damage to samples or equipment.

[0016] The present invention is further configured as follows: the base plate of the sampleloading chamber is provided with a synchronization gear I which rotates synchronously with the grabbing assembly and meshes with a synchronization gear II, and the synchronization gear II 2025205512   16 Jul 2025 rotates synchronously and is connected to the bottom of the sample-loading assembly.

[0017] By adopting the aforementioned technical solution, rotation of the sample-loading assembly drives the rotation of the synchronization gear II, which in turn drives the rotation of the synchronization gear I which meshes with the synchronization gear II to drive the grabbing assembly to rotate synchronously, ensuring that the sample tubes on the grabbing assembly can be smoothly placed into the clamping groove structure II during the rotation of the sample-loading assembly, completing the sample tube loading process.

[0018] The present invention is further configured as follows: the sample-loading assembly further includes a central rod mounted at the center of the cylindrical platform. The lower end of the central rod is connected to the bottom of the drive device, while the upper end is equipped with a spring-loaded deflector. During the rotation of the cylindrical platform, the spring-loaded deflector guides the sample tubes placed in the loading groove into the limiting groove.

[0019] By adopting the aforementioned technical solution, the spring-loaded deflector ensures that when the cylindrical platform rotates with the sample tubes in the clamping groove structure II, the sample tubes are prevented from detachment from the limiting groove, effectively preventing the sample tubes from dislodging due to platform vibration. Additionally, during the transfer of sample tubes from the grabbing assembly to the cylindrical platform, the spring-loaded deflecto guarantees smooth and accurate falling into the limiting groove, significantly enhancing the stability and reliability of transfer mechanism of the device.

[0020] The present invention is further configured as follows: a shaft of the drive device is rotatably connected to the synchronization gear II, the synchronization gear II is provided with cylindrical pins, a side of the cylindrical platform which is in touch with the synchronization gear II is provided with pin holes that engage with the cylindrical pins.

[0021] By adopting the aforementioned technical solution, an interlocking structure between the cylindrical pins and pin holes provides robust mechanical connection strength, capable of 2025205512   16 Jul 2025 withstanding high torque and impact forces. This ensures the stability and reliability of the loading-sample assembly during prolonged operation. The drive device drives the synchronization Gear II to rotate, which in turn drives the cylindrical platform to rotate, enabling fast and precise sample loading. Compared to traditional manual operation, this driving method is significantly more efficient, greatly improving experimental or production efficiency. Additionally, a structure of the cylindrical pin and pin holes is relatively simple in design, making it easy to manufacture and replace. If one or more cylindrical pins become damaged or worn, they can be conveniently replaced without requiring repalacement of a full loading-sample assembly, effectively reducing maintenance costs.

[0022] The present invention is further configured as follows: the number of cylindrical pins is the same with that of the pin holes, with at least two pairs.

[0023] By adopting the aforementioned technical solution, the cylindrical pins interlock with the pin holes, and the rotation of the synchronization gear II driven by the drive device subsequently rotates the cylindrical platform. By designing a combination of at least two cylindrical pins and at least two pin holes, interlocking points can be set at different angles or positions, thereby accommodating diverse sample loading requirements. This design significantly enhances the flexibility and versatility of the loading-sample assembly.

[0024] The present invention is further configured as follows: the loading groove is provided with an opening across a defined arc section, while an upper end portion of the limiting grove is provided with a recessed groove.

[0025] By adopting the aforementioned technical solution, the recessed groove can securely engage with a wider opening end of the sample tube, the sample tube no longer requires vertical insertion into the loading groove from up to down when the sample tube enters into the cylindrical platform. Instead, the sample tube can be directly placed into the loading groove through the opening of the loading groove and then guided into the limiting groove as the cylindrical 2025205512   16 Jul 2025 platform rotates. After the grabbing assembly releases the sample tube, the end opening of the sample tube engages into the recessed groove of the limiting groove, preventing disengagement of the sample tube during operation.

[0026] The present invention is further configured as follow: an arc-shaped support plate is disposed within the recessed groove of the cylindrical platform, a sliding rod is fixed to a lower end of the arc-shaped support plate, a lifting spring is sleeved on the sliding rod. When the sample tube loaded with samples is placed into the limiting groove, the sample tube depresses the arcshaped support plate downward. After the sample solution is aspirated and the wight is reduced, the lifting spring automatically raises the arc-shaped support plate, thereby ejecting the tube for removal.

[0027] By adopting the aforementioned technical solution, when the sample tube is placed into the limiting groove, the weight of the sample tube naturally presses down the arc-shaped support plate, causing the sliding rod to move downward and compress the lifting spring. After the sample solution is aspirated, the reduced weight of the sample tube allows the spring force of the lifting spring to push the arc-shaped support plate upward, automatically elevating the sample tube. This automated operation enhances workflow efficiency while minimizing manual intervention. The design of the arc-shaped support plate ensures stable positioning during tube placement and retrieval, preventing tipping or damage caused by improper handling or vibration. The spring force of the lifting spring can be adjusted according to actual needs to guarantee smooth and safe tube ejection from the limiting groove when the sample tube is lifted. The sliding rod and the arc-shaped support plate are adjused which accommodates sample tubes of varying weights. This automated ejection system eliminates contamination risks such as sample contamination and corss-contamination associated with manual tube handling by automatically lifting the sample tubes, which is critical for applications demanding stringent sample purity, such as diagnostic testing or pharmaceutical production. 2025205512   16 Jul 2025

[0028] Advantageous effects of the present invention are ad follows: the coordinated operation of the conveying assembly, the grabbing assembly, and the sample-loading assembly enables rapid, continuous automatic sample loading of the sample tube. The system requires only manual pre-loading of sample solutions, after which the testing instrument can automatically and continuously analyze the loaded samples sequentially, eliminating the need for repeated manual insertion of samples or removal of test tubes. This significantly accelerates detection efficiency and enhances automation. During the loading process, the grabbing assembly and the loading-sample assembly rotate synchronously, ensuring smooth passage of the sample tubes through the opening of the loading groove into the limiting groove, where teh sample tubes and the limiting groove become securely interlocked. The positioned opening of the loading groove allows lateral tube placement instead of vertical insertion. By maintaining precise synchronized rotation between the loading-sample assembly and the grabbing assembly, the sample tubes follow a coordinated trajectory with the clamping groove structure II on the cylindrical platform. This alignment ensures the sampel tubes ultimately coincide with the limiting groove, completing the loading procedure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the invention.

[0030] Fig. 2 is internal components of the sample-loading chamber.

[0031] Fig. 3 is exploded view of the sample-loading assembly.

[0032] Fig. 4 is a perspective view when a conveying assembly, a grabbing assembly, and a sample-loading assembly are used together.

[0033] Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the grabbing assembly.

[0034] Fig. 6 is rotational path of sample tubes and the clamping groove structure II.

[0035] Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of section A in Fig. 4. 2025205512   16 Jul 2025

[0036] Reference Numerals in the drawings: 1. Instrument body; 2. Conveying assembly; 3. Grabbing assembly; 4. Sample-loading assembly; 5. Synchronization gear II; 6. Synchronization gear I; 7. Sample tube; 8. Spring-loaded deflector; 101. Sample-loading chamber; 102. Aspiration chamber; 201. Clamping groove structure I; 202. Drive box; 203. Drive shaft; 204. Drive gear; 205. Toothed transmission belt; 206. Conveying member; 301. Drive housing; 302. Lifter; 303. Pneumatic rotary connector; 304. Extension plate; 305. Rubber suction head; 306. Air passage hole; 307. Air tube; 401. Cylindrical platform; 402. Clamping groove structure II; 403. Drive decice; 404. Central rod; 405. Pin hole; 406. Arc-shapedd support plate; 407. Flat spring; 408. Sliding rod; 409. Lifting spring; 501. Cylindrical pin; 2011. Loading groove; 2012. Limiting groove; 2013. Recessed groove DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0037] To facilitate a clear understanding of technical means, innovative features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, the invention is further elaborated below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] As shown in FIG. 1, an automatic sample-loading chromatography tandem mass spectrometer includes an instrument body 1, which incorporates all essential modules of a conventional chromatography tandem mass spectrometer except for the sample-loading module. These modules are not described in detail here.

[0039] The instrument body 1 is provided with a sample-loading chamber 101 and an aspiration chamber 102. The sample-loading chamber 101 is used to transport and supply sample tubes 7, while the aspiration chamber 102 is used to extract sample solutions from the sample tubes 7. The sample-loading chamber 101 is provided with a sample inlet and a sample outlet.

[0040] In FIG. 1, an opening in the view is the sample outlet, at which a conveying assembly 2 is installed. An identical conveying assembly 2 is symmetrically arranged at the sample inlet on the 2025205512   16 Jul 2025 opposite side.

[0041] As shown in FIG. 2, the left side depicts the conveying assembly 2 at the sample outlet, while the right side shows the conveying assembly at the sample inlet. Toothed transmission belts 205 of both conveying assemblies 2 move in the same direction. A movement direction of a clamping groove structure I 201 is the same with the tangential motion direction of the rubber suction heads 305 on the grabbing assembly 3 during rotation. As the clamping groove structure I 201 advances, the rubber suction heads 305 adhere to the sample tubes 7, moving the sample tubes 7 forward as the clamping groove structure I 201 while simultaneously executing circumferential motion. The sample tubes 7 gradually shift from the limiting groove 2012 to the loading groove 2011 and are eventually ejected from the opening of the loading groove 2011 into the clamping groove structure I 201.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 4, the conveying assembly 2 includes the clamping groove structure I 201 for holding sample tubes 7. The clamping groove structure I 201 on the conveying assembly 2 at the sample inlet side are used to accommodate tthe sample tubes 7 which await detection, while the clamping groove structure I 201 on the conveying assembly 2 at the sample outlet side are to receive processed sample tubes 7 which have loaded samples. The sample-loading chamber 101 between the two conveying assemblies 2 are provided with the grabbing assembly 3 for transferring sample tubes 7.

[0043] As shown in FIG. 3, the sample-loading assembly 4 is partially located in the sampleloading chamber 101 and partially in the aspiration chamber 102. The sample-loading assembly 4 rotates synchronously with the grabbing assembly 3 and is equipped with a clamping groove structure II 402, which is structurally identical to THE clamping groove structure I 201.

[0044] As shown in FIG. 4, the clamping groove structure I 201 includes: a loading groove 2011 with an opening for insertion / removal of sample tubes 7. During the placement process of the sample tubes 7, the sample tube 7 initially enters the loading groove 2011 through the 2025205512   16 Jul 2025 opening of the loading groove 2011. The limiting groove 2012 connected to the loading groove 2011 then securely interlocks with the sample tubes 7 to prevent operational displacement of the sample tubes 7.

[0045] Once the sample tubes 7 are fully placed in the limiting groove 2012, a wider opening end of the sample tubes 7 securely engages with a recessed groove 2013 in the limiting groove 2012, ensuring stable positioning of the sample tubes 7 through the recessed groove 2013.

[0046] The conveying assembly 2 allows batch pre-loading of all test samples, eliminating the need for manual long-time waiting for each sample to be tested before reloading the next one. The conveying assembly 2 automatically transports each sample tube which is placed into the sampleloading chamber so that the instrument operates automatically and performs the detection for the sample tube.

[0047] As shown in FIG. 4, the conveying assembly 2 includes: a drive box 202, which is installed at a base plate of the sample-loading chamber via a clamping groove.

[0048] Drive shafts 203 are provided inside the drive box, the number of drive shafts 203 is two, respectively arranged at both ends of the drive box 202. One end of the two drive shafts 203 is connected to a driver the drive uses a standard model motor, and the other end of the two drive shafts 203 is connected to a drive gear 204.

[0049] The driver can rotate the drive shafts 203 to drive the rotation of the drive gear 204. Through the meshing connection between the drive gear 204 and the toothed transmission belt 205, the toothed transmission belt 205 is driven to move. The outer circumference of the toothed transmission belt 205 is connected with a conveying member 206 that moves synchronously with the toothed transmission belt 205. The movement of the conveying member 206 drives the sample tubes 7 mounted on the conveying member 206 to move. The clamping groove structure I 201 of the conveying assembly 2 is arranged on the conveying member 206 and is used to clamp the sample tubes 7. 2025205512   16 Jul 2025

[0050] Here, the conveying member 206 itself is a flexible rubber belt encircling the outer side of the toothed transmission belt 205. The clamping groove structure I 201 provided on the conveying member 206 can maintain a relatively stable clamping state during movement. The sample tubes 7 placed in the clamping groove structure I 201 can remain in a relatively stable position.

[0051] A conveying path of the conveying assembly 2 can be adjusted according to actual space to optimally adapt to a movement path of the instrument body 1. It can be configured as a track shape shown in FIG. 4, but is not limited to this type of movement path.

[0052] The corresponding number of sample tubes 7 are placed uniformly into the clamping groove structure I 201 on the conveying member 206. The driver rotates the drive gear 204, causing the toothed transmission belt 205 to move, which synchronously drives the conveying member 206. This sequentially transports the sample tubes 7 placed on the conveying member 206 into the sample-loading chamber 101 for pickup by the grabbing assembly 3.

[0053] The grabbing assembly 3 can regrab the sample tubes 7 after sample aspiration from the sample-loading assembly 4 and transfer the sample tubes 7 to the conveying assembly 2 of the sample outlet at the opposite side, completing automatic continuous loading and feeding.

[0054] As shown in FIG. 5, the grabbing assembly 3 includes: a drive housing 301 positioned at the center of the base plate of the sample-loading chamber 101. A lifter 302 specifically a drive electric cylinder is provided inside the drive housing 301 that enables slight vertical movement of the grabbing assembly 3. This ensures that when the rubber suction heads 305 adsorbs the sample tubes 7, it can achieve better conformity between the rubber suction heads 305 and the opening of the sample tube 7. A pneumatic rotary connector 303 connected to the lifter 302 is mounted on the drive housing 301.

[0055] As shown in FIG.5, the number of extension plates 304 is four in the figure, evenly spaced around a circle. An air passage hole 306 is provided at the end of extension plates 304 is connected 2025205512   16 Jul 2025 to the pneumatic rotary connector 303 via an air tube 307. The the pneumatic rotary connector 303 selects a four-way air valve for connection, and a main air pressure tube inside the four-way air valve is connected to the air pressure pump. The pressure of the sample tubes 7 attached to the rubber suction heads 305 is controlled by the air pressure pump.

[0056] The rubber suction heads 305 are provided at the end of the extension plates 304. The air passage hole 306 are provided at the center of the rubber suction heads 305. The air passage hole 306 are connected to the air tube 307. The other end of the air tube 307 is connected to the pneumatic rotary connector 303. The number of extension plates 304 can be increased or decreased according to specific requirements. A shape of the pneumatic rotary connector 303 is selected according to the number of the rubber suction heads 305 on the extension plates 304. Each rubber suction head 305 is individually connected to one air channel through the air tube 307. when controlled to attach, air channels are independent from each other and are not interconnected.

[0057] During grabbing the sample tube 7, the rubber suction head 305 is controlled to rotate to the corresponding position. The lifter 302 lowers the rubber suction head 305 to cover the end of the sample tube 7. The pneumatic rotary connector 303 is controlled to initiate suction, reducing internal air within the sample tube 7 and changes the air pressure with the sample tube 7. This pressure lifts the sample tube 7.

[0058] The sample-loading assembly 4 includes a cylindrical platform 401, multiple clamping groove structure II 402 are with evenly spaced on the outer circumference of the sample-loading assembly 4. The quantity of clamping groove structure II 402 depends on the number of extension plates 304 on the grabbing assembly 3. A drive device 403 (using the standard motor) is provided on the cylindrical platform 401 and drives the the cylindrical platform 401 and the synchronization gear II 5 to rotate, transferring sample tubes 7 from the clamping groove structure II into the aspiration chamber 102 for liquid sampling.

[0059] The base plate of the loading-sample chamber 101integrates a synchronization gear I 6 2025205512   16 Jul 2025 that rotates synchronously with the grabbing assembly 3. The synchronization gear I 6 meshes with synchronization gear II 5 and the synchronization gear I 6 rotates synchronously and are connected to the end of the sample-loading assembly 4. A pitch circle radius of the synchronization gear I 6 is smaller than that of of the synchronization gear II 5, the rotation of sample-loading assembly 4 drives the synchronization gear II 5, the synchronization gear I 6, meshed with the synchronization gear II 5, rotates accordingly to drive the rotation of the grabbing assembly 3. This enables smooth placement of the sample tube 7 (mounted on the grabbing assembly 3) into the clamping groove structure II 402 during the rotation of the sample loading assembly 4, thereby completing the loading process of the sample tubes 7.

[0060] As shown in Fig.3, the sample-loading assembly 4 further includes a central rod 404 provided at the center of the cylindrical platform 401r, the lower end of which connected to the bottom of the drive unit 403.

[0061] An upper end of the central rod 404 is equipped with a spring-loaded deflecto 8. During the rotation of the cylindrical platform 401, the spring-loaded deflector 8 guides the sample tubes 7 from the loading groove 2011 into the limiting groove 2012.

[0062] A flat spring 407 is installed between the spring-loaded deflector 8 and the central rod 404. This spring mechanism enables the spring-loaded deflector to automatically reset to a preset position after being rotated to a certain angle by the sample tube 7, preparing to properly guide and limit the next incoming sample tubes 7.

[0063] The spring-loaded deflector 8 remains stationary during rotation of the cylindrical platform 401. As the sample tubes 7 in the clamping groove structure II 402 rotate with the cylindrical platform 401, the spring-loaded deflector 8 actively guides any incompletely positioned sample tubes 7 (placed by grabbing assembly 3) into full engagement with the limiting groove 2012, ensuring final proper seating of the sample tubes 7 into the limiting groove 2012.

[0064] The configuration of the spring-loaded deflector 8 effectively prevents the sample tubes 2025205512   16 Jul 2025 7 from being dislodged by vibrations of the cylindrical platform 401. Simultaneously, during the transfer of the sample tubes 7 from the griabbing assembly 3 to the cylindrical platform 401, it ensures smooth engagement of the the sample tubes into the limiting groove 2012, significantly enhancing the stability of the transfer mechanism of the device.

[0065] As shown in FIG. 3, a rotating shaft of the drive device 403 is connected to the synchronization gear 5 II in a rotational manner. The synchronization gear II 5 is equipped with cylindrical pins 501, while a side of the cylindrical platform 401 which is in touch with the synchronization gear II 5 is provided with pin holes 405 that engage with the cylindrical pins 501. The number of cylindrical pins 501 is the same with that of the pin holes 405, with at least two pairs.

[0066] The cylindrical pins 501 and pin holes 405 are equal in quantity ( at least two pairs), ensuring high-precision positioning during transmission while reducing vibration and noise caused by transmission errors. The cylindrical pins 501 are interference-fitted into the holes, serving dual functions of component fixation and power transmission, thereby enhancing drive stability.

[0067] As shown in FIG. 4, the loading groove 2011 is provided with an opening across a defined arc section, while an upper end portion of the limiting groove 2012 is provided with a recessed groove 2013.

[0068] The recessed groove 2013 securely engages with a wider opening end of the sample tube 7. During loading of the sample tubes 7 onto the cylindrical platform 40, the sample tubes 7 no longer requires vertical insertion into the loading groove 2013 from up to down. Instead, the sample tubes 7 can be directly placed into the loading groove 2013 through the opening of the loading groove 2013 and then guided into the limiting groove 2012 as the cylindrical platform 401 rotates. After the grabbing assembly 3 releases the sample tubes 7, the end opening of the sample tubes 7 engages into the recessed groove 2013 of the limiting groove 2012, preventing disengagement of the sample tubes 7 during operation. 2025205512   16 Jul 2025

[0069] As shown in FIG. 7, the recessed groove 2013 on the cylindrical platform 401 is equipped with an arc-shaped support plate 406, whose lower end is provided with a sliding rod 408. A lifting spring 409 is sleeved on the sliding rod 408. When the sample tube 7 loaded with samples is placed into the limiting groove 2012, it depresses the arc-shaped support plate 406 downward. After the sample solution is aspirated from the sampel tubes 7 (resulting in reduced weight), the lifting spring 409 pushes the arc-shaped support plate 406 upward to elevate the sample tubes 7.

[0070] When the sample tubes 7 is placed into the limiting groove 2012, the weight of the sample tubes 7 naturally presses down the arc-shaped support plate 406, causing the sliding rod 408 to move downward and compress the lifting spring 409. After the sample solution is aspirated, the reduced weight of the sample tubes 7 allows the spring force of the lifting spring 409 to push the arc-shaped support plate 406 upward, automatically elevating the sample tubes 7. This automated operation enhances workflow efficiency while minimizing manual intervention.

[0071] The working principle: before testing, the corresponding number of sample tubes 7 containing sample solutions are sequentially loaded from the sample inlet onto the conveying member 206 of the conveying assembly 2, where they are secured and positioned by the clamping groove structure I 201. The toothed transmission belt 205 is driven to activate, propelling the conveying member 206 to transport the sample tubes 7 into the interior of the sample-loading chamber 101 for interface with the grabbing assembly 3, thereby completing the preliminary loading process.

[0072] Upon activation of the detection device, the sample tubes 7 within the sample-loading chamber 101 are lowered by controlling the extension plate 304 of the grabbing assembly 3 to the predetermined height, whereupon the rubber suction heads 305 of the grabbing assembly 3 establish an attachment with the ends of the sample tubes 7. The pneumatic rotary connector 303 then interfaces with the corresponding air pressure device to initiate vacuum extraction from the sample tubes 7 through the sealed rubber suction heads 305, lowering air pressure of the sample 2025205512   16 Jul 2025 tubes 7, which securely adheres the sample tubes 7 to the rubber suction heads 305 via pneumatic adhesion.

[0073] After the lifter 302 elevates the sample tubes 7 in a slight distance to disengage the opening of the sample tubes 7 from the recessed groove 2013 of the clamping groove structure I 201, the toothed transmission belt 205 drives the movement of the conveying member while the extension plates 304 of the grabbing assembly 3 rotates simultaneously. This coordinated motion transitions the sample tubes 7 from the limiting groove 2012 to the loading groove 2011. Continued rotation of the extension plates 304, synchronized with the movement of the conveying member, ultimately transfers the sample tubes 7 out through the opening of loading groove 2011, completing the transfer process from the conveying assembly 2 to grabbing assembly 3.

[0074] The process of sample tube s7 into the clamping groove structure II 402 of the sampleloading assembly 4 is the reverse of extraction from the clamping groove structure I 201. As illustrated in FIG. 6, through synchronized rotation of both the grabbing assembly 3 and sampleloading assembly 4, the sample tubes 7 initially enters the loading groove 2011 via the opening of the loading groove 2011 of the clamping groove structure I 201, transitions into the limiting groove 2012, releases the sample tubes 7 from the rubber suction heads 305, seats securely in limiting groove 2012 with the opening end of the sample tubes 7 engaged by the recessed groove 2013 of the clamping groove structure II 402. This completes one full loading cycle.

[0075] Continued rotation of the sample-loading assembly 4 transports the sample tubes 7 into the aspiration chamber 102 for liquid extraction. After complete aspiration, the reduced-weight sample tubes 7 are elevated by the arc-shaped support plate 406, and engage and transfer the next available rubber suction head 305 to the sample inlet of the conveying assembly 2.

[0076] The above has illustrated and described the fundamental principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those of ordinary skills in the art should recognize that the invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Various modifications and improvements 2025205512   16 Jul 2025 may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, all of which shall fall within the protection scope defined by the appended claims and their legal equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic sample-loading chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer, comprising: an instrument body (1), provided with interconnected sample-loading chamber (101) and aspiration chamber (102), wherein the sample-loading chamber (101) has a sample inlet and outlet;two conveying assemblies (2), provided in the sample-loading chamber (101) near the sample inlet and the sample outlet respectively, each conveying assembly provided with a clamping groove structure I (201) for holding sample tubes (7);a grabbing assembly (3), provided in the sample-loading chamber (101) between the two conveying assemblies (2) ;a sample-loading assembly (4) partially provided in the sample-loading chamber (101) and partially in the aspiration chamber (102), rotating synchronously with the grabbing assembly (3) , wherein the sample-loading assembly (4) is equipped with a clamping groove structure II (402) identical to the clamping groove structure I (201) ;wherein the clamping groove structure I (201) includes a loading groove (2011) and a limiting groove (2012) connected to the loading groove (2011) .

2. The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein each conveying assembly (2) comprises:a drive box (202) provided with a drive shaft (203), with one end of the drive shaft connected to a driver and the other end of of the drive shaft to a drive gear, a toothed transmission belt (205) meshed with the drive gear (204);a conveying member (206) that moves synchronously with the toothed transmission belt, the conveying member (206) attached to the outer circumference of the toothed belt (205), with the clamping groove structure I (201) mounted on the conveying member (206).

3. The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the grabbing assembly (3) comprises:a drive housing (301) at the center of a base plate of the sample-loading chamber, the drive housing is provided with a lifter (302);2025205512   16 Jul 2025a pneumatic rotary connector (303) mounted on the drive housing, the pneumatic rotary connector (303) being linked to the lifter, with an outer circumference surface of the pneumatic rotary connector (303) provided with multiple extension plates (304), wherein an end of each extension plate is fitted with rubber suction heads (305);an air passage hole connected to an air tube (307) is provided at the center of the rubber suction head, and the other end of the air tube links to the pneumatic rotary connector at the center of the rubber suction head, and the other end of the air tube links to the pneumatic rotary connector.

4. The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the sample-loading assembly (4) comprises: a cylindrical platform (401) with evenly spaced clamping grooves II (402) and a drive device (403) is provided at the bottom of theylindrical platform (401).

5. The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the base plate of the sample-loading chamber is provided with a synchronization gear I (6) on, rotating synchronously with the grasping assembly (3) and meshing with a synchronization gear II (5), wherein the synchronization gear II (5) is connected to the bottom of the sample-loading assembly (4).

6. The spectrometer according to claim 4, wherein the sample-loading assembly (4) further comprising a central rod (404) is provided at the center of the cylindrical platform (401), and a lower end of the central rod (404) is connected to the bottom of the drive device (403), while the upper end of the central rod (404) is equipped with a spring-loaded deflector (8), and the spring-loaded deflector (8) guides the sample tubes placed in the loading groove into the limiting groove during the rotation of the cylindrical platform.

7. The spectrometer according to claim 4, wherein:a shaft of the drive device (403) is rotatably connected to the synchronization gear II (5), the synchronization gear II (5) is provided with cylindrical pins (501), a side of the cylindrical platform (401) which is in touch with the synchronization gear II (5) is provided with pin holes (405) that engage with the cylindrical pins (501).2025205512   16 Jul 20258. The spectrometer according to claim 7, wherein:the number of cylindrical pins (501) is the same with the pin holes (405), with at least two pairs.

9. The spectrometer according to claim 4, wherein:the loading groove (2011) is provided with an opening across a defined arc section, while an upper end portion of the limiting groove (2012) is provided with a recessed groove (2013).

10. The spectrometer according to claim 9, wherein: an arc-shaped support plate (406) is provided within the recessed groove (2013) on the cylindrical platform (401), a sliding rod (408) is provided at a lower end of the arc-shaped support plate (406), a lifting spring (409) is sleeved on the sliding rod (408).

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