Trigger system for firearms
Patent Information
- Application Number
- AU2025255970
- Authority / Receiving Office
- AU · AU
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-04-10
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-08
Smart Images
Figure 00000000_0000_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field The present invention relates to a trigger system for firearms. The trigger system is intended to improve, during operation, the precision, safety and adaptability of the firearm. Firearms in this application include, in particular, handguns and long guns, in particular pistols and rifles, in particular assault rifles and precision rifles. Positional terms in this application, such as “up,” “down,” “left,” “right,” “front,” “back,” etc. relate to a firearm held in the normal firing position, in which the bore axis is horizontal and the shots are fired to the front, away from the shooter. Prior Art A reliable and efficient trigger system that ensures proper firing of the weapon is of substantial importance, particularly for assault rifles. Specifically, the trigger force required for firing, also referred to as trigger resistance or trigger pull weight, can significantly influence firing and the firing result. If the trigger resistance is too high, the shot may be inaccurate, for example because the firearm is pulled off target by the increased force applied when pulling the trigger. If the trigger resistance is too low, this can also negatively influence precision, for example due to insufficient haptic feedback to the shooter, and can also present a safety risk, for example due to unintentional or premature breaking of the shot. Different trigger characteristics have proven useful for different operational and training scenarios. There are situations in which directly pulling through the trigger without a distinct pressure point leads to better results. However, many shooters, particularly in situations requiring precise firing, want the point along the trigger travel at which the shot breaks to be identifiable as precisely as possible and adjustable in its configuration, in particular haptically. For this purpose, two-stage triggers are used, which are also referred to as pressure-point triggers, two-point triggers, or match triggers. In such a pressure-point trigger, a pressure point is perceptible when pulling the trigger and signals to the shooter that the shot is about to break. Up to this pressure point, along the so-called take-up, the shooter pulls against the so-called take-up force. When the pressure point is reached, the higher break force must be overcome for further pulling. From this point onward, the pulling force must therefore be increased. The entire trigger travel, i.e. the path along which the trigger must be pulled to release a shot, is, in a pressure-point trigger, composed of two sections characterized by different trigger forces: a first section characterized by the take-up force (also referred to as the take-up), and a second section characterized by the break force (also referred to as the break path). Ideally, a trigger system, whether a single-stage trigger or a pressure-point trigger, is adjustable as freely as possible. This allows the trigger dynamics to be changed depending on the shooting situation and preference. In known trigger systems, the trigger force is substantially influenced by the force of the hammer spring. This spring is tensioned when the hammer is cocked and provides the hammer with the energy required to release a shot. In classic trigger systems, the hammer is initially held in the cocked state by a releasable latching mechanism. The hammer and the trigger mechanism have corresponding latching means for this purpose. To fire a shot, this latched connection must be released or the latching means must be separated. For this purpose, for example, a resulting friction force that is directly dependent on the force of the hammer spring must be overcome. Since the hammer must have a relatively high energy to ignite the propellant of the cartridge and reliably release a shot, springs with comparatively high spring constants are typically used, so that the friction force to be overcome can also be comparatively high. This can result in high trigger resistance and limit the adjustability of the trigger. It is also important to prevent unintentional firing due to insufficient safety mechanisms or unintentional actuation of the trigger. Accordingly, trigger systems should impair existing safety mechanisms as little as possible. Known solutions use set screws for adjusting trigger resistance and built-in safety mechanisms that block movement when pulling the trigger. However, these solutions have limitations, such as the risk that the set screws loosen and the safety mechanisms may fail. DE 3535012 A1 and US 2014 / 0196341 A1 describe trigger systems for firearms having a hammer that is movable from a released position into a cocked position in order to build up required striking energy. DE 19626077 C2 discloses a trigger device for a self-loading firearm with conversion to sustained fire. It has a hammer, a breechblock, a locking pawl, a pivotably mounted trigger and a lever that engages with the hammer after each shot and holds it cocked when switched to sustained fire. This solution provides a two-stage trigger with a large trigger or pawl support surface and an optimized pawl loading angle in order to enable a light trigger operation. It also has a safety that blocks movement of the trigger. US 20180149441 A1 proposes a two-stage trigger device for automatic weapons, comprising springloaded connections, a hammer and a disconnector. Calibrated springs allow adjustable setting of the trigger pull weight in the second stage without the need for set screws, in order to avoid accidental pulling of the weapon during manual assembly. DE 202023002425 U1 provides a trigger for quick installation and removal in AR-3 weapons. It consists of a trigger housing with two hollow shafts, a hammer and a trigger, as well as two bearing pins connected by a threaded spindle. US 7600338 B2 describes a trigger with stepwise adjustable weight for AR firearms. The trigger unit consists of a spring-loaded hammer, a trigger and a disconnector. Calibrated springs are provided to facilitate adjustment of the trigger pull weight of the second stage. Despite these prior-art solutions, there remains a need for a trigger system that offers improved adjustability, in particular of the trigger dynamics. Object and Solution of the Invention It is an object of the present invention to provide alternative, adjustable trigger systems. The invention solves this object with the subject matter of the independent claims. These and further exemplary embodiments are apparent from the dependent claims and the following description. One aspect of the invention (claim 1) relates to a trigger system for firearms, in particular assault rifles. It has a hammer that is movable from a released position into a cocked position in order to build up required striking energy. The trigger system further comprises a first system element that is movable back and forth between a first position and a second position. In the first position, the engaged position, the first system element and the hammer in its cocked position enter into releasable engagement. In the second position, the disengaged position, the first system element is separated from the hammer. The trigger system further has a second system element that is movable back and forth between a third position and a fourth position. In the third position, the blocking position, the second system element blocks the first system element against movement from the engaged position in the direction of the disengaged position. In the fourth position, the released position, this blocking is released, so that the first system element can be moved unhindered from its engaged position into its disengaged position and vice versa. The hammer is locked in its cocked position when the first system element is in the engaged position and the second system element is in the blocking position. By pulling a trigger that is coupled to the second system element, the second system element is moved from its blocking position, in which it blocks the first system element, into its released position, in which it does not block the first system element or this blocking is released. Once the second system element has been moved into its released position, the hammer, as a result of the striking energy built up therein by cocking, first automatically urges the first system element into the disengaged position, which separates the hammer and the first system element, and thereafter fully strikes into its released position in order to fire a shot. The hammer is, for example, a hammer customary in long guns or handguns, also referred to as a hammer or striker. It is configured to be moved into the cocked position, from which it strikes into the released position. When the hammer is moved into the cocked position, for example a hammer spring is tensioned, so that the potential striking energy generated during cocking is stored in the hammer spring. During striking, i.e. the automatic relaxing of the spring after actuation of a release mechanism, the striking energy is completely converted — initially during the striking movement into kinetic energy and then into the heat required to ignite the cartridge. The first system element serves as an intermediary or intermediary / transfer element between the hammer and the second system element described later in more detail. In particular, it can transmit a blocking effect of the second system element to the hammer, so that, for example, the hammer is held or locked indirectly by the second system element. In other words, the first and second system elements cooperate such that they hold or lock the hammer in its cocked position. The first system element can, for example, be configured as a bracket or lever and, in particular due to its blocking effect on the hammer, be referred to as a locking lever or locking bracket. The first system element is movably mounted so that it can move back and forth between its engaged position and its disengaged position. In the engaged position, the first system element enters into releasable engagement with the hammer as soon as the hammer has been cocked, i.e. brought into its cocked position. In some embodiments described later, the first system element and optionally also the hammer have latching means configured accordingly. In these embodiments, the releasable engagement can take place via this / these latching means. For example, a first latching means is arranged on the hammer and a second latching means is arranged on the first system element. Irrespective of the respective embodiment, the second system element is able to block the first system element such that the latter cannot readily leave its engaged position. In this case, the hammer is locked in its cocked position until the blocking by the second system element is released. The engaged position of the first system element thus holds the hammer in its cocked position until the blocking by the second system element is released. The engaged position is therefore also referred to as a hammer-holding position. In the disengaged position of the first system element, the hammer and the first system element are separated such that they cannot enter into engagement. In embodiments in which special latching means are provided for the engagement, for example, these latching means cannot enter into engagement in the disengaged position. In this position of the first system element, the hammer can therefore strike unhindered from its cocked position into the released position. The disengaged position of the first system element is therefore also referred to as a hammer-releasing position. The movement performed by the first system element when being moved from one position to the other can be a translational movement or a rotational movement. In certain embodiments, the first system element can be moved, for a translational movement, on a substantially linear path between the engaged position and the disengaged position. This path can be entirely or partially straight. Additionally or alternatively, the path can have curved sections. For the translational movement, the first system element can have, for example, a groove or recess that receives one or more tongues (in the sense of a tongue-and-groove connection), pegs or pins. The groove or its course defines in this case the movement path of the first system element between its engaged position and disengaged position. However, the reverse case is also possible, in which the first system element has one or more tongues, pegs or pins that are received by a groove defining the movement path. This groove can, for example, be arranged on an additional system element. In other preferred embodiments, the first system element performs a rotational movement between its engaged position and disengaged position. It therefore moves along a circular path or at least along a circular segment in order to switch between the engaged position and the disengaged position. For this purpose, it can be rotatably mounted, for example about a rotary or pivot point, in particular an axis. For example, this rotary or pivot point is arranged centrally or in a region around the center of the first system element. The second system element can be any component suitable for blocking the first system element. Depending on the embodiment, the person skilled in the art will resort to means familiar to them for the specific selection, for example a locking pin, a counter bearing, a latch, or a pawl. The second system element can come into physical contact with the first system element, for example touch it, in order to block it. As already described, the first system element is held in its engaged position by the blocking by the second system element and cannot readily leave this position. The blocking of the first system element can, for example, take place by the second system element engaging behind the first system element. For example, this blocking prevents a rotation or translation of the first system element, via which it can reach its disengaged position. The second system element is directly or indirectly coupled, for example via further elements, to a trigger. The second system element can, for example, be formed integrally with the trigger, or the second system element and the trigger can be formed as two separate but coupled parts. Alternatively, the second system element can be coupled to the trigger via several further components. The coupling of the second system element to the trigger is configured such that pulling the trigger also results in movement of the second system element from its blocking position toward its released position, i.e. from its position blocking the first system element toward the position releasing this blocking. For this purpose, the trigger and the second system element can, for example, be rigidly coupled or connected to one another, so that movement of the trigger is transmitted directly to the second system element. However, a coupling that implements indirect transmission of the movement of the trigger is also possible. In any case, by pulling the trigger or fully pulling through, the second system element is moved out of its blocking position into its released position. The blocking by the second system element can therefore be released by actuating the trigger, for example by pulling the trigger. For example, in its released position, the second system element is outside the path of a rotational or translational movement of the first system element. The rotation or translation of the first system element is then no longer prevented by the second system element and is then readily possible. When the second system element has been moved out of the blocking position, the first system element automatically moves into its hammer-releasing disengaged position. For this purpose, the first system element can, for example, be directly or indirectly spring-loaded. For example, the force of the hammer spring can be used to move the first system element. For example, the hammer or a first latching means arranged on the hammer and the first system element or a second latching means arranged on the first system element can be arranged relative to one another such that a force generated by the tensioned hammer spring and acting on the hammer is transferred from the hammer to the first system element. The first system element, not blocked by the second system element, is then moved, in particular urged, into its disengaged position by this spring force. To transfer the force from the hammer to the first system element, the first system element can have a contact surface via which it enters into engagement with the hammer in its engaged position. In addition, the hammer can also have a corresponding contact surface so that, during engagement, both contact surfaces come into contact, for example touch. For example, the surface on the hammer or its normal vector can point upward and be pressed from below by the hammer spring against the surface of the first system element, the normal vector of which points downward. In this case, the surfaces are arranged relative to one another such that their two normal vectors are anti-parallel to one another and the surfaces at least partially overlap. Irrespective of whether the hammer has a direct or indirect contact surface or not, the hammer can transfer the spring force acting on it to the contact surface of the first system element such that this force, or at least a component thereof, urges the first system element into its hammer-releasing disengaged position. Overall, this aspect of the invention has, among other things, the advantage that, by means of the first system element acting as an intermediary, the blocking effect of the second system element can be transmitted into a hammer region that is as far as possible from the pivot axis of the hammer. According to the lever principle, this lowers the force required to release a locking of the hammer in its cocked position in accordance with the distance from the pivot axis or pivot point of the hammer (hammer axis or hammer pivot point). According to one embodiment (claim 2), the required striking energy is built up by a hammer spring, in particular a torsion spring, acting on the hammer. Such hammer springs are familiar to the person skilled in the art and have the advantage that, as proven means, they do not require design changes. According to a further embodiment (claim 3), the second system element blocks the first system element by engaging behind it in its blocking position. Engaging behind is a proven and reliable method for blocking a movable element. Advantageously, the person skilled in the art can resort here to proven means such as locking pins, counter bearings, latches or pawls. According to a further embodiment (claim 4), the hammer can have a first latching means, and the first system element can have a second latching means that can be brought into releasable engagement with the first latching means. The previously described releasable engagement of the cocked hammer with the first system element in its engaged position can in this case take place via the first and second latching means. According to a further embodiment (claim 5), the first system element is pivotably mounted about a pivot point or pivot axis, specifically such that it can be pivoted between its engaged position and its disengaged position. For example, the pivotable mounting can take place in a region near the middle of the first system element. Preferably, it takes place in the middle of the first system element. For example, the pivotable mounting can be implemented by a pivot axis, so that the first system element can rotate about this axis. The first system element can, for example, have a hole that receives / guides the pivot axis. However, the pivot axis can also be rigidly connected to the first system element and mounted in one or two axle bearings not belonging to the first system element, so that the first system element together with the pivot axis is rotatably or pivotably mounted in the bearings. Alternatively, or additionally, the first system element can be displaceably mounted, specifically such that it can be displaced between its engaged position and its disengaged position. According to a further embodiment (claim 6), for example, the second latching means of the first system element has a first contact surface that contacts the first latching means of the hammer when the first system element is in the engaged position and the hammer is in the cocked position. The first contact surface is configured such that its normal vector encloses, with an imaginary connecting line from the first contact surface to the pivot point of the first system element, an angle a, in particular less than or equal to 90° and greater than 0°, so that a force component results from a force transferred by the hammer and acting along the normal vector, which force component acts perpendicular to the connecting line, i.e. in a direction tangential to the circular movement. This tangential force component pushes the first system element in the direction of its disengaged position. The first contact surface on the first system element can be arranged on the second latching means of the first system element. A further optional hammer-side contact surface can be arranged on the first latching means of the hammer. By means of the first latching means, at least part of the force acting on the hammer is transferred to the second latching means. When the first and second latching means contact each other at the first contact surface, the force transferred by the hammer to the second latching means acts along the normal vector of the first contact surface. This force can, for example, be used to pivot the first system element about a rotary or pivot point, for example from its engaged position into its disengaged position. For this purpose, the force acting along the normal vector of the first contact surface must have a non-vanishing force component that can urge the first system element from its engaged position into its disengaged position or generate a corresponding non-vanishing torque on the first system element. The normal vector of the first contact surface must therefore not point along the said connecting line from the first contact surface to the pivot point of the first system element (radial direction), because this would result in no torque. Rather, the first contact surface must have a suitable inclination relative to the imaginary connecting line between the contact surface and the pivot point. This inclination must be such that the force acting along the normal vector results in a non-vanishing tangential component. In other words, a force component acting orthogonally to the above-mentioned imaginary connecting line must result from the force acting along the normal. This force component causes the first system element to be moved from the engaged position into the disengaged position. The pivotable mounting of the first system element has the advantage that only the tangential component of the force acting along the normal vector contributes to the perceptible trigger resistance. Only this component is transmitted by the pivotable mounting to the contacting regions of the first and second system elements and contributes to the friction force to be overcome when pulling the trigger. Since the tangential component is a fraction of the normal force, the trigger resistance can therefore be reduced further. The friction force must at least be overcome when pulling the trigger and therefore determines the lower limit of the trigger force. By means of the invention, the lower limit of the trigger force can therefore be lowered. In particular, the trigger force can be lowered below the force range preferred by shooters and can therefore be adjusted to the desired level by means of additional means, for example springs. Adjustability downward is therefore improved. If the first contact surface encloses an angle with the imaginary connecting line that lies between inclusive 90° (normal vector orthogonal to the connecting line) and exclusive 0° (normal vector parallel to the connecting line), this advantageously results in a force component that points in the tangential direction and thus urges the first system element toward the disengaged position. This can ensure that the first system element is automatically pushed by the hammer into the hammer-releasing position. The angle is preferably greater than 0° and less than 90°, in particular between 10° and 80°, in particular between 20° and 60°, in particular between 20° and 45°, and particularly preferably between 25° and 30°. According to an embodiment (claim 7), the second latching means is a pawl. The pawl is pivotably mounted such that the pawl allows the first latching means to pass unhindered when the first system element is in its engaged position and the hammer is moved into the cocked position. The second system element is, for example, a counter bearing. The pawl can, for example, be pivotably mounted about a pivot point, in particular an axis. The pawl can thus be pivoted, for example, between a first and a second pawl position. In the first pawl position, the first and second latching means enter into engagement as soon as the hammer is cocked and the first system element is in its engaged position. If the first system element is in its engaged position and the pawl is in its first pawl position, the first latching means and the pawl enter into engagement upon movement of the hammer in the direction of its released position. If the second system element then also blocks the first, the hammer is thereby held or locked in the cocked position. In the second pawl position, the hammer or the first latching means of the hammer can pass the pawl substantially unhindered while the hammer is being cocked, even if the first system element is in its engaged position. For example, while the hammer is being cocked, i.e. during the cocking movement from the released hammer position into the cocked hammer position, the pawl is urged by the first latching means from its first pawl position into its second pawl position. The first latching means therefore pushes the pawl aside so that it can pass unhindered, even if the first system element is in its engaged position. At this point, the first latching means and the pawl are indeed in contact, but the pawl allows the first latching means to pass. Once the first latching means has passed the pawl, the latter then automatically moves back from its second pawl position into its first pawl position. For example, it is correspondingly spring-loaded for this purpose, so that a spring urges the pawl from its first pawl position into its second pawl position. According to an embodiment (claim 8), the hammer is pivotably mounted about a hammer pivot point and is pivoted about the hammer pivot point for movement from the released position into the cocked position. Furthermore, the end of the hammer facing the first system element is elongated or bracketshaped. In addition, the two latching means are arranged such that the releasable engagement takes place in a distal end region of the hammer relative to the hammer pivot point. Finally, the second system element is arranged such that the blocking of the first system element takes place in a trigger-side region of the first system element, i.e. in a region that, from the perspective of the first system element, lies on the side of the trigger. For example, the first system element can have two arms extending from its pivot point. One arm extends toward a region near the hammer, so that the hammer and the first system element can enter into engagement as soon as the first system element is in its engaged position. If, in particular, the second latching means is arranged at the hammer-side end of the first system element, it can enter into engagement with the first latching means arranged on the hammer. The other arm, by contrast, can extend into a region near the trigger. In this case, the second system element is likewise arranged in this region near the trigger, so that the second system element can block the first system element via its trigger-side end. The engagement of the two latching means takes place in a distal end region of the hammer relative to the hammer pivot point, i.e. in a region of the hammer around the end of the hammer facing away from the hammer pivot point. As a result, less force is necessary to hold the hammer in its cocked position than in an engagement that takes place in a proximal end region relative to the hammer pivot point (lever principle). According to an embodiment (claim 9), the trigger system further comprises a return spring, which urges the first system element from its disengaged position into its engaged position. This return spring can, for example, be provided in the hammer-side region of the first system element and counteract the force component that urges the first system element into its disengaged position when the second system element is in its released position. For example, the spring constant of the spring can be selected such that the resulting spring force is smaller than the said force component, but large enough to move the first system element into its engaged position without the force component acting against it. Advantageously, the first system element is thus reliably moved into the hammer-securing engaged position after firing. According to an embodiment (claim 10), the end of the hammer facing the first system element, i.e. the end distal to the hammer pivot point, is wedge-shaped. The hammer is dimensioned such that the distal end urges the first system element into its engaged position when the hammer is moved into the cocked position. This advantageously results in forced return of the first system element. For example, the said hammer end is configured in the manner of a blade. The position of the hammer and / or its length can be selected relative to the first system element in its disengaged position such that the tip of the wedge- / blade-shaped hammer end, when the hammer is cocked, reaches behind the hammer-side end of the first system element and, due to the wedge or blade shape, urges the latter in the direction of its engaged position. This has the advantage that, when the hammer is cocked, the first system element is reliably brought into the engaged position and thus locking of the hammer after cocking is ensured. This prevents, for example, an unintentional firing of a shot. This represents an additional safety measure that ensures safe movement of the first system element into its engaged position after firing even if the return spring described above fails. This is particularly advantageous in automatic weapons, where the hammer is automatically moved into its cocked position after firing. The position of the hammer can be adjustable. For this purpose, for example, a hammer axis can be arranged in an elongated hole extending horizontally. In the elongated hole, the hammer axis can be displaced horizontally and locked in a desired position. Among other things, this can ensure that the wedge-shaped distal end of the hammer is moved behind the first system element when the hammer is cocked. In addition, different hammers can thereby be used while the rest of the trigger mechanism remains the same. Thus, for example, different rifles can use differently configured hammers but share the same remaining trigger mechanism. By using an elongated hole, the position of the hammer axis can then be adapted to the respective hammer depending on the hammer used. If, for example, a drop-in housing is used, the drop-in housing can first be assembled and then the hammer can be pinned and appropriately positioned by means of the elongated hole, for example by positioning the hammer axis suitably along the elongated hole. According to an embodiment (claim 11), the trigger system comprises a first trigger spring. The first trigger spring is permanently, i.e. along the entire trigger travel, coupled to the trigger, so that it additionally counteracts pulling of the trigger along the entire trigger travel with its spring force. Advantageously, different trigger profiles can thus be easily set. The first trigger spring provides a permanent, constant trigger resistance. According to an embodiment (claim 12), the trigger system comprises a second trigger spring and an adjuster. The second trigger spring can be adjustably coupled to the trigger, wherein, when coupled, the second trigger spring additionally counteracts pulling of the trigger with its spring force. In addition, the arrangement or length of the second trigger spring can be adjusted by means of the adjuster such that the second trigger spring couples with the trigger at the start of the trigger travel, between the start and end of the trigger travel, or at no point along the trigger travel. For example, the second trigger spring can be a compression spring, and the distance between its end near the trigger and a coupling point with the trigger can be adjustable. For example, the distance can be selected such that the second trigger spring couples with the trigger from the start of the trigger travel (distance equal to zero), or only at a selected position along the trigger travel (distance greater than zero but less than the trigger travel), or not at all (distance greater than the trigger travel). In this way, it can be adjusted, for example, whether the spring force of the second trigger spring additionally counteracts pulling of the trigger either along the entire trigger travel, along a part (between start and end) of the trigger travel, or not at all. The second trigger spring can therefore be adjustably switched in. This makes it possible to switch between two different single-stage triggers (second trigger spring coupled to the trigger along the entire trigger travel or at no point) and at least one pressure-point trigger (second trigger spring couples with the trigger from at least one adjustable position along the trigger travel). According to some embodiments, several positions between the start and end of the trigger travel can also be adjusted at which coupling between the second trigger spring and the trigger occurs. Several different pressurepoint triggers, differing in the position of the perceptible pressure point along the trigger travel, can thus advantageously be set. By suitably selecting the trigger springs or their respective spring constants, the forces to be applied (break force, take-up force) can be specified. The trigger travel can, for example, be adjusted or predetermined via one or more stops. For example, an optionally adjustable catch edge can likewise be coupled to the trigger and / or the second system element and move together with them when the trigger is pulled. The trigger travel is then limited in that the catch edge strikes against a fixed component (not coupled to the trigger) at a predetermined position. By exchanging the catch edge, the trigger travel and also the trigger characteristic can additionally be modified. According to an embodiment (claim 13), at least the first and second system elements are mounted in a trigger housing that can be installed in and removed from a firearm as a drop-in part. Drop-in housings are familiar to the person skilled in the art and are simple means for quickly and easily exchanging trigger assemblies or systems. In some embodiments, further parts of the trigger system are also mounted in the drop-in housing. According to an embodiment (claim 14), the second system element, or a contact surface provided on the second system element, or a part of the second system element comprising the contact surface provided on the second system element, is configured to be replaceable. For example, the second system element can be removed from the trigger system and reinstalled in order to replace it with a new second system element, to maintain or repair it, or to clean it. In some of these embodiments, only a sub-element of the second system element comprising the contact surface can be removed and reinserted for the stated purposes. In some of these embodiments, only the contact surface itself can be removed and reinserted for the stated purposes. In any case, the said removable and reinsertable elements are elements that are easy to remove and install, for example without tools. This advantageously makes maintenance, cleaning and / or replacement easy. According to an embodiment (claim 15), the trigger system further comprises a first hammer stop arranged on the hammer and a second hammer stop arranged on a first element of the firearm that is not movable by movement of the trigger. The first and second hammer stops are arranged relative to one another such that the first hammer stop strikes against the second hammer stop when the hammer moves into its cocked position, so that direct impulse transfer to the trigger is reduced. This is based on the observation that, when a hammer snaps back after firing and, for example, strikes against a disconnector, an impulse is transferred to the trigger. This can be perceived as unpleasant or disruptive by a shooter. In addition, this can accelerate wear of the hammer and of the parts against which the hammer strikes. By using easily replaceable hammer stops, wear can therefore also be reduced. In some of these embodiments, the first and second hammer stops can be made of a harder material than the rest of the trigger system, for example in order to reduce wear. In some other of these embodiments, the first and second hammer stops can be made of a softer material than the rest of the trigger system, for example in order to buffer the impulse transfer or to prevent bounce or reduce the effect of bounce. In some other of these embodiments, the first hammer stop can be made of a harder material and the second hammer stop of a softer material than the rest of the trigger system, or vice versa, for example in order to advantageously combine the two stated effects. In some of these embodiments, a first and a second hammer stop are arranged on both sides of the hammer. The first element that is not movable by movement of the trigger can, for example, be a firearm housing (housing of a rifle or grip piece of a pistol). When using a trigger housing, for example as a drop-in part, the first element can also be the trigger housing. In principle, however, the first element can be any suitable firearm part that is not moved when firing a shot. According to an embodiment (claim 16), the adjuster is secured against rotation and / or loss. In general, all adjusters of the weapon, and in particular the adjuster already mentioned above, can optionally be secured by frictional connections, for example by an overlap of a clamping pin with the adjuster. In particular, they can be secured against accidental rotation, excessive rotation and / or loss, i.e. secured against rotation and / or loss. Thus, for example, the adjustment range can be limited (i.e., for example, how far the adjuster can be rotated at most for adjustment), and optionally a defined friction torque (for example for securing against unintentional rotation, e.g. due to vibration) can also be generated. For this purpose, in some of these embodiments, for example, a clamping pin can be provided in the housing and a threaded bolt with a groove can be provided on the adjuster. In this example, the threaded bolt extends through the clamping pin, or the groove receives the clamping pin. Adjustment then takes place, for example, by turning the threaded pin, which can thereby be screwed in or out, for example in order to adjustably pretension a spring. The clamping pin and the two ends of the groove, however, limit how far it can be screwed in or out. The clamping pin can furthermore be arranged such that it exerts pressure on the threaded bolt, so that an increased friction force must be overcome for rotation. The threaded bolt is thus intentionally mounted so as to be more difficult to move. This is intended, for example, to prevent accidental rotation or rotation due to vibration or shocks. According to an embodiment (claim 17), the trigger system further comprises a buffer element arranged on a second element of the firearm that is not movable by movement of the trigger. When the trigger is not pulled, it contacts the trigger or an element movably coupled thereto. The buffer element is configured and arranged on the second element such that it buffers an impulse transferred to the trigger or to the element movably coupled thereto, which impulse points in the direction in which the trigger is pulled to fire a shot. This can improve drop safety or avoid a shot triggered by a fall of the weapon. This is based on the observation that, when a weapon is dropped, the probability of a shot being fired is higher if the weapon falls onto its front side, for example the muzzle, than if it falls onto the rear side, for example the stock or butt. The second element on which the buffer element is arranged can, for example, be the firearm housing (housing of a rifle or grip piece of a pistol). When using a trigger housing, for example as a drop-in part, the second element can also be the trigger housing. In principle, however, the second element can be any suitable firearm part that is not moved when firing a shot. The buffer element is preferably arranged such that an element of the trigger system that is coupled to the trigger and can move together with it (for example a corresponding stop coupled to the trigger) contacts the buffer element when the trigger is not pulled. An impulse (for example generated by an impact) pointing in the direction in which the trigger is moved when pulled can thus be buffered by the buffer element. The buffer element thus reduces a bounce behavior (the impulse response) of the trigger in the event of excitation by an impactlike event. The risk of unintentional firing, for example if the weapon falls to the ground, is thereby reduced. The buffer element preferably comprises a suitable shock-absorbing material, so that the said impulse can be absorbed to such an extent that no impulse response, or only a sufficiently small impulse response, is generated, so that no shot is thereby released. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings. In the drawings: Fig. 1a shows an embodiment of the trigger system with the trigger not pulled; Fig. 1b shows the embodiment from Fig. 1a with the trigger not yet fully pulled; Fig. 1c shows the embodiment from Fig. 1a with the trigger fully pulled but the hammer not yet released; Fig. 1d shows the embodiment from Fig. 1a with the trigger fully pulled and the hammer released; Fig. 2 shows the embodiment from Fig. 1a with the pawl in a second pawl position and the hammer passing the pawl; Fig. 3 shows the embodiment from Fig. 1a and the forces acting; Fig. 4a shows a further development of the embodiment from Fig. 1a with a first trigger spring for setting the trigger force; Fig. 4b shows the embodiment from Fig. 4a with an additional, second trigger spring arranged on the side opposite the first trigger spring; Fig. 4c shows a further development of the embodiment from Fig. 1a with first and second trigger springs arranged on the same side for setting the trigger force; Fig. 5 shows a trigger profile that can be set by means of the trigger springs; Fig. 6a shows a further adjustable trigger profile for a pressure-point trigger; Fig. 6b shows a further adjustable trigger profile for a pressure-point trigger; Fig. 6c shows a further adjustable trigger profile for a single-stage trigger; Fig. 6d shows a further adjustable trigger profile for a single-stage trigger; Fig. 7a shows a further embodiment of the trigger system with the trigger not pulled; Fig. 7b shows the embodiment from Fig. 7a with the trigger fully pulled and the first system element in its engaged position; Fig. 7c shows the embodiment from Fig. 7a with the trigger fully pulled and the first system element in its disengaged position; Fig. 7d shows an enlarged detail from Fig. 7a; Fig. 7e shows an enlarged detail from Fig. 7c; Fig. 8a shows a further embodiment of the trigger system with the trigger not pulled; Fig. 8b shows the embodiment from Fig. 8a with the trigger fully pulled and the first system element in its engaged position; Fig. 8c shows the embodiment from Fig. 8a with the trigger fully pulled and the first system element on the way to its disengaged position; Fig. 9 shows the embodiment from Figs. 1a-1d, additionally showing further optional elements. The reference symbols used in the drawings and their meanings are listed in summarized form in the list of reference symbols. Identical parts are generally provided with the same reference symbols in the figures. Detailed Description of the Figures Figures 1a-1d show an exemplary embodiment of the invention in side view. Fig. 1a shows a trigger system 100 according to the invention having a hammer 102 that is pivotable about a hammer axis 104. By pivoting, the hammer 102 can be moved between a cocked position 106 (see, for example, Fig. 1b) and a released position 108 shown in Fig. 1d. The hammer 102 is spring-loaded, and a spring 110 provided as a torsion spring (hammer spring) urges the hammer 102 from its cocked position 106 into its released position 108. The hammer 102 further has a hammer latching means 112. The hammer latching means 112 is arranged in an end region 114 distal to the hammer axis 104 and thus near the distal hammer end 116. The distal hammer end 116 is wedge- or blade-shaped. The trigger system 100 further has a first system element 122 configured as a locking lever, which is pivotably mounted about a pivot point 124 configured as an axis. The locking lever 122 can be pivoted between an engaged position 126 (see, for example, Fig. 1b) and a disengaged position 128 shown in Fig. 1d. The locking lever 122 has a second latching means 130 configured as a pawl, which is pivotably mounted about a pawl pivot point 132 (see, for example, Fig. 1b). The pawl 130 can be pivoted between a first pawl position 134 (see, for example, Fig. 1b) and a second pawl position 136 shown in Fig. 2. The pawl 130 has, at the hammer-side end 138 of the locking lever 122, a first contact surface 142. The locking lever 122 further has a return spring 146 at its end 138 facing the hammer 102. At the opposite, trigger-side end 140, the locking lever 122 has a second, trigger-side contact surface 144 (see enlargement). The trigger system 100 further has a trigger 160 that is pivotable about a trigger axis 162 (see, for example, Fig. 1b). The trigger 160 is coupled to a second system element 164 configured as a locking pin such that movement of the trigger 160 is transmitted to the locking pin 164. The locking pin 164 can be moved back and forth between a blocking position 166 (see, for example, Fig. 1a) and a released position 168 shown in Fig. 1d. In addition, the locking pin 164 has a locking-pin contact surface 170 (see enlargement), which contacts the second contact surface 144 of the locking lever 122 for blocking. The trigger system 100 finally has a disconnector 190 familiar to the person skilled in the art, which is spring-loaded by a disconnector spring 192. When the trigger 160 is not pulled, the locking pin 164 assumes the blocking position 166. If the locking lever 122 is in the engaged position 126 and the locking pin 164 is in the blocking position 166, the locking pin 164 acts as a counter bearing for the locking lever 122 and prevents the locking lever 122 from being moved into the disengaged position 128. The locking pin 164 thus blocks the locking lever 122 by engaging behind it. If the hammer 102 is in its cocked position 106 and the locking lever 122 is in its engaged position 126, the hammer 102 and the locking lever 122 enter into releasable engagement 180. More precisely, the first, hammer-side latching means 112 and the second, locking-lever-side latching means 130 enter into engagement 180. If the locking lever 122 is held in the engaged position 126, the engagement 180 prevents the hammer 102, driven by the spring force of the torsion spring 110, from striking into the released position 108. The hammer 102 is therefore held or locked in the cocked position 106. If the hammer 102 is now in the cocked position 106, the locking lever 122 is in the engaged position 126, and the locking pin 164 is in the blocking position 166, the hammer 102 cannot readily strike. Rather, the holding effect of the locking pin 164 is transmitted or mediated to the hammer 102 via the locking lever 122. In other words, the locking lever 122 and the locking pin 164 secure the hammer 102, wherein the pawl 130 holds the hammer 102. When the trigger 160 is pulled, it pivots, as shown in Fig. 1b (see arrow P1), about the trigger axis 162, and the locking pin 164 coupled thereto is moved from the blocking position 166 in the direction of the released position 168 (see arrow P2). In doing so, the locking-pin contact surface 170 and the second contact surface 144 of the locking lever 122 are displaced relative to one another. For this purpose, a corresponding friction force described later must be overcome. Fig. 1b shows a moment during pulling of the trigger 160 at which blocking of the locking lever 122 by the locking pin 164 still exists. In Fig. 1b, the locking lever 122 is therefore still in its engaged position 126, so that the hammer 102 still cannot strike into its released position 108. In Fig. 1c, the trigger 160 has been moved far enough (see arrow P1) that the locking pin 164 has been moved into the released position 168 and there is no longer any engaging behind the locking lever 122 by the locking pin 164. As will be described later, the hammer 102 now urges the locking lever 122 into its disengaged position 128 against the spring force of the return spring 146, and pivots the locking lever 122 about the locking-lever axis 124 for this purpose (see arrow P3). As a result, the second contact surface 144 of the locking lever 122 passes the locking pin 164 on its underside. This is shown in the enlarged view of the contact region of the locking lever 122 and locking pin 164 in Fig. 1c. In addition, the hammer latching means 112 and the pawl 130 are separated and no longer in engagement 180. Now unhindered, the hammer 102 begins to strike in the direction of its released position 108 (see arrow P4). Fig. 1c illustratively shows, representative of Figs. 1a, b and d, further optional elements of the trigger system 100, such as a first hammer stop 118a arranged on the hammer 102, a stop 174 coupled to the trigger 160, and a trigger element 178 that, among other things, covers the contact region of the locking lever 122 and the locking pin 164 and thus, for example, laterally stabilizes it and also protects it against contamination. In Fig. 1d, the hammer 102 has fully struck and is consequently in the released position 108. The locking pin 164 is in its released position 168, and the locking lever 122 is in its disengaged position 128. Fig. 2 shows the function of the pawl 130. When the hammer 102 is cocked, i.e. moved into its cocked position 106, while the locking lever 122 is in the engaged position 126, the hammer latching means 112 can urge the pawl 130 from the first pawl position 134 (see Fig. 1a) into the second pawl position 136 and can thus pass the pawl 130. Thereafter, the correspondingly spring-loaded pawl 130 moves back into the first pawl position 134, which does not allow the hammer 102 to pass again in the direction of the released position 108, but instead holds it by means of the engagement 180. Fig. 3 shows the forces transferred from the hammer 102 to the locking lever 122 and from the locking lever 122 to the locking pin 164 (or, in general, any locking element directly integrated on the trigger, for example a locking surface). Via the hammer latching means 112, a force resulting from the spring force of the torsion spring 110 is transferred to the locking lever 122 or its first contact surface 142. This force Nacts along the normal vector n (also referred to below as the surface normal n) of the first contact surface 142 of the locking lever 122. The first contact surface 142, or its normal vector n, encloses an angle a between 0° and 90° with an imaginary connecting line R between the locking-lever axis 124 and the contact surface 142. Due to the angle a, the force can be decomposed into a force component pointing along the connecting line R (without reference symbol) and into a force component perpendicular to the connecting line R (see force parallelogram in Fig. 3). The force component is also referred to as a tangential component, because it points along the tangent of an imaginary circle about the locking-lever axis 124. The tangential component produces a torque that urges the locking lever 122 into its disengaged position 128. Accordingly, when there is no blocking by the locking pin 164, the locking lever 122 is automatically pushed by the cocked hammer 102 from the engaged position 126 into the disengaged position 128. The tangential component is smaller in magnitude than the force . Due to a lever action of the locking lever 122, only a force smaller than the force is therefore also transmitted at the triggerside end 140 of the locking lever 122 via the second contact surface 144 to the third contact surface 170. The locking lever 122 acts here like a rocker, in which the tangential component acting at the hammer-side end 138 is transmitted as a force T' of equal magnitude (for equally long locking-lever arms) but pointing in the opposite direction to the trigger-side end 140. Via the second contact surface 144, only a component To of the force T' that is smaller in magnitude is again transferred to the third contact surface 170. By means of the locking lever 122, the blocking effect of the locking pin 164 can therefore be transmitted into a region 114 of the hammer 102 that is distal to the hammer axis 104. Therefore, the force required to hold the hammer 102 is smaller than in a case in which the engagement 180 takes place in a region proximal to the hammer axis 104. Accordingly, the force is also smaller than in the said case. Overall, the force Ta acting from the second contact surface 144 on the third contact surface 170 is reduced compared with the previously described and above-mentioned case in which a cocked hammer is blocked without the locking lever 122 in a region proximal to the hammer axis 104. Accordingly, in the system 100 according to the invention, the friction force Fmm acting between the locking-pin contact surface 180 and the locking-lever contact surface 144 is also lower than in the above-mentioned case. The friction force is the force Fmm that must at least be overcome when pulling the trigger. It determines the lower limit of the trigger force. By means of the invention, the lower limit of the trigger force can therefore be lowered. In particular, the trigger force can be lowered below the force range preferred by shooters and can therefore be adjusted to the desired level by means of additional means, for example springs. Adjustability downward is therefore improved. As can be seen in particular from Fig. 2, the distal end 116 of the hammer 102 is wedge- or bladeshaped. Furthermore, the hammer 102 is dimensioned such that, when the hammer 102 is cocked, its distal end 116 is moved with the tip behind the locking lever 122 in its disengaged position 128 and, due to the wedge shape, urges the latter in the direction of its engaged position 126. Figs. 4a-4c show embodiments of the trigger system 100 in which the trigger force can be adjusted via additional trigger springs. Figures 4a-4c show an embodiment with two trigger springs 402 and 404. The first trigger spring 402 is coupled to the trigger 160 via a first stop 406 such that the spring force 1of the first trigger spring 402 counteracts pulling of the trigger 160 along the entire trigger travel A in addition to the force Fmm . Figures 4b and 4c show the second trigger spring 404, which can be arranged, as shown in Fig. 4b, on the side of the trigger system 100 opposite the first trigger spring 402, or, as shown in Fig. 4c, on the same side of the trigger system 100. The second trigger spring 404 has at its lower end a pressure pin 410 that can come into physical contact with a second stop 408, so that the second trigger spring 404 can be coupled to the trigger 160 via the pressure pin 410 and the second stop 408. The distance D between the second stop 408 and the pressure pin 410 can be adjusted via an adjuster 412 and determines the take-up V, i.e. the path section along the trigger travel up to the pressure point. Via the adjuster 412, it can in particular be adjusted whether the pressure pin 410 comes into contact with the second stop 408 at the start of the trigger travel A (D = 0), between the start and end of the trigger travel A (0 < D < A), or not at all along the trigger travel A (D > A). In other words, the adjuster 412 can be used to adjust whether the spring force 2 of the second trigger spring 404 counteracts pulling of the trigger 160 along the entire trigger travel A, along only part of the trigger travel A, or not at all, in addition to the force Fmm . The adjuster 412 can have means for height adjustment familiar to the person skilled in the art, for example threads or latching elements. The spring force 1of the first trigger spring 402 can, for example, be adjustable via a second adjuster 414. For example, the first trigger spring 402 can thereby be pretensioned more strongly or relaxed. Different trigger profiles can be set by means of the two trigger springs 402, 404. Figure 5 shows an example of such a trigger profile 500. Along the entire trigger travel A, the spring force 1of the first trigger spring 402 acts. After the take-up V, the spring force 2 of the second trigger spring 404 is added. The forces 1 and 2 therefore add together and determine the break force (Fmin + 1+ 2) that must be overcome in order to cause the hammer 102 to strike and to fire a shot. Figures 6a-6d show further examples of adjustable trigger profiles according to the invention. In the case of the embodiments shown in Figures 4a-4c, these trigger profiles each correspond to a specific distance D between the pressure pin 410 and the second stop 408 set by means of the adjuster 412. In addition to the trigger profiles shown in Figures 6a-6d or the respective adjusted distances D, further settings are possible, and the number of settings is not limited to any specific number. For example, one, two, three, four, five, six or more different distances D can be set. Figures 6a and 6b show trigger profiles for pressure-point triggers, such as can be set, for example, with the embodiments shown in Figures 4a-4c. These trigger profiles result from the second trigger spring 404 coupling with the trigger 160 at a point between the start and end of the trigger travel A. In the trigger profile shown in Fig. 6a, the second trigger spring 404 and the trigger 160 couple at an earlier point along the trigger travel A than in Fig. 6b, with the result that the perceptible pressure point or the higher break force is felt earlier than in the case of Fig. 6b. In other words, the take-up V is shorter in Fig. 6a than in Fig. 6b. In the trigger profiles shown in Figures 6a and 6b, first the take-up force fmm + F1 and then, for haptic recognition of the imminent breaking of a shot, the break force fmm + F1+ 2 are perceptible to a shooter when pulling the trigger. The take-up force and break force can be adjusted via the spring forces 1 and 2 of the two trigger springs 402, 404 or their respective spring constants. The take-up force and break force can therefore be determined by selecting the trigger springs 402, 404. Figures 6c and 6d show trigger profiles for single-stage triggers, such as can be set, for example, with the embodiments shown in Figures 4a-4c. In the trigger profile shown in Fig. 6c, the second trigger spring 404 already couples with the trigger 160 at the start of the trigger travel A, so that along the entire trigger travel A the sum of the two spring forces 1 and 2 counteracts pulling of the trigger 160 in addition to the force fmm . In the trigger profile shown in Fig. 6d, the second trigger spring 404 couples with the trigger 160 at no point along the trigger travel A or not at all, so that only the spring force 1 of the first trigger spring 402 counteracts pulling of the trigger 160 in addition to the force fmm . Accordingly, in both cases only one force and no pressure point are perceptible when pulling the trigger. Figures 7a-7e show a further embodiment of the trigger system 700, in which the first system element is again configured as a locking lever 122 pivotable about a locking-lever axis 124. As shown in Fig. 7a, however, the second system element is here configured as a locking piston 764, which is substantially linearly displaceable between a blocking position 166, in which the locking lever 122 is blocked, and a released position 168 shown in Fig. 7b, in which this blocking is released. The locking lever 122 has a second contact surface 144 that can come into physical contact with a third contact surface 170 arranged on the locking piston 764, so that, in the blocking position 166, the locking lever 122 is engaged behind such that its movement toward its disengaged position 128 is blocked. The trigger system 700 further has a return spring 146. Fig. 7d shows an enlarged detail of Fig. 7a, in which the locking lever 122 is in its engaged position 126 and the locking piston 764 is in its blocking position 166. The first and third contact surfaces 144, 170 touch one another. The locking lever 122 therefore also performs here a rotational movement between its engaged position 126 holding the hammer 102 and its disengaged position 128 shown in Fig. 7c and releasing the hammer 102. By contrast, the locking piston 764 can perform a substantially translational movement (see arrow P6) when the trigger 160 is pulled. In particular, the locking piston 764 is coupled to the trigger 160 via a bracket 774 and a push rod 772. As shown in Fig. 7b, pulling the trigger (see arrow P1) causes a translational pushing movement of the push rod 772 forward-upward (see arrow P5). This pushing movement causes a rotational movement of the bracket 774 (see arrow P3), which in turn causes a substantially translational movement of the locking piston 764 downward (see arrow P6). The substantially translational movement of the locking piston 764 causes the third contact surface 170 of the locking piston 764 to be displaced downward against the second contact surface 144 of the locking lever 122 until the locking piston 764 reaches its released position 168 and no longer engages behind the locking lever 122. This is shown in Fig. 7e, which shows an enlarged detail of Fig. 7c, in which the locking lever 122 is in its disengaged position 128 and the locking piston 764 is in its released position 168. The remaining explanations concerning the exemplary embodiments shown in Figures 1a-4c apply analogously here. In particular, the hammer 102 analogously urges the locking lever 122 from its engaged position 126 into its disengaged position 128 and then freely strikes (see arrow P4). Figures 8a-8c show a further embodiment of the trigger system 800. As can be seen in Fig. 8a, the first system element is here configured as a locking slide 822, which is movable back and forth along a linear path by means of a translational movement between an engaged position 126 holding the hammer 102 and a disengaged position 128 shown in Fig. 8b and releasing the hammer 102. Unlike in the exemplary embodiments shown in the previous figures, the locking slide 822 therefore performs a translational movement. For this purpose, the locking slide 822 comprises a groove 850 for receiving at least one, preferably at least two, pins 852, which are not part of the locking slide 822 and against which the locking slide 822 is freely displaceably guided in the groove 850. The locking slide further has a return spring 146 that urges it into its engaged position 126. The locking slide further comprises a first pawl 130 and a second pawl 848. The function of the first pawl 130 is identical to the function of the pawl 130 shown in the previous figures. The second pawl 848 serves for engagement with the second system element 864 configured as a locking bolt, which engages behind the locking slide 822 in order to block movement into its disengaged position 828. The locking bolt 864 is guided in a guide 876 and couples with the trigger 160 via a push rod 872. When the trigger 160 is pulled, as shown in Fig. 8b (see arrow P1), this causes a translational pushing movement of the push rod 872 upward-forward (see arrow P5), whereby the locking bolt 864 is pulled forward from its blocking position 166 in the direction of its released position 168 shown in Fig. 8c (see arrow P7). In doing so, the second contact surface 144 arranged on the second pawl 848 and the third contact surface 170 arranged on the locking bolt 864 are displaced relative to one another until the engaging behind of the locking slide 822 is released. The spring-loaded hammer 102 then urges the locking slide 822 against the spring force of the return spring 146 into its disengaged position 128 and then strikes. The return spring 146 subsequently urges the locking slide 822 back into its engaged position 126. The groove 850 defines the movement path of the locking slide 822. The spring-loaded second pawl 848 allows the locking slide 822 to be returned into the engaged position 126 even if the locking bolt 864 is in the blocking position 166. For this purpose, the pawl 848 can be pivoted upward during movement of the locking slide 822 in the direction of the engaged position 126, so that the locking slide 122 can pass. Fig. 9 shows the trigger system 100 according to Figs. 1a-1d, which is arranged in a trigger housing 176 configured as a drop-in part. The configuration as a drop-in housing allows quick exchange of the complete trigger system 100. Fig. 9 also shows further optional elements. A first hammer stop 118a is arranged on the hammer 102, and a second hammer stop 118b is arranged on the trigger housing 176. When the hammer 102 moves into its cocked position 106, the first hammer stop 118a strikes against the second hammer stop 118b and thus prevents the hammer 102, for example, from striking the disconnector 190, which would lead to a disruptive impulse transfer to the trigger 160 and ultimately to the hand of the shooter. Fig. 9 further shows an optional buffer element 172, likewise arranged on the trigger housing 176, and a further stop 174 movably coupled to the trigger 160. The buffer element 172 is arranged between the trigger housing 176 and the further stop 174. If the firearm falls and lands with its front region, for example the muzzle, on the ground, an impulse is generated that points in the direction in which the trigger 160 is moved when pulled (symbolized by arrow P5 in Fig. 9). This impulse can be transferred to movable parts of the trigger system 100, for example to the trigger 160 or elements coupled thereto, and thus lead to the release of a shot. However, the buffer element 172 buffers this impulse to such an extent that the risk of releasing a shot can be significantly reduced compared with the case without buffer element 172. List of Reference Symbols 100, 700 trigger system 102 hammer 104 hammer pivot point (hammer axis) 106 cocked position 108 released position 110 hammer spring (torsion spring) 112 first latching means 114 distal end region of the hammer 116 distal end of the hammer 118a first hammer stop 118b second hammer stop 122, 822 first system element (locking lever, locking slide) 124 pivot point 180 engagement 126 engaged position of the first system element 128 disengaged position of the first system element 130 second latching means (pawl) 132 pawl pivot point 134 first pawl position 136 second pawl position 138 hammer-side region of the first system element 140 trigger-side region of the first system element 142 first contact surface 144 second contact surface 146 return spring 848 second pawl 850 groove 852 pin 160 trigger 162 trigger axis 164, 764, 864 second system element (counter bearing, locking pin, locking piston, locking bolt) 166 blocking position of the second system element 168 released position of the second system element 170 third contact surface 172 buffer element 174 coupled stop 176 trigger housing 178 trigger element 772, 872 push rod 774 bracket 876 guide 402 first trigger spring 404 second trigger spring 406 first stop 408 second stop 410 pressure pin 412 first adjuster 414 second adjuster 500 trigger profile n normal (normal vector, surface normal) force force component 1 first spring force 2 second spring force A trigger travel D distance V take-up I start of the trigger travel E end of the trigger travel R connecting line a angle
Claims
1. A trigger system (100) for firearms, in particular assault rifles, comprising:a) a hammer (102), which is movable from a released position (108) into a cocked position (106) in order to build up required striking energy;b) a first system element (122), which is movable back and forth between two positions (17, 19), namely an engaged position (126), which brings the first system element (122) into releasable engagement (180) with the hammer (102) in its cocked position (106), and a disengaged position (128), which separates the first system element (122) and the hammer (102); andc) a second system element (164), which is movable back and forth between two positions (17a, 19a), namely a blocking position (166), which blocks the first system element (122) against movement from its engaged position (126) in the direction of its disengaged position (128), and a released position (168), which releases this blocking, whereind) the hammer (102) is locked in its cocked position (106) when the first system element (122) is in its engaged position (126) and the second system element (164) is in its blocking position (166); ande) the second system element (164) is moved from its blocking position (166) into its released position (168), which releases the blocking, by pulling a trigger (160) coupled thereto; and subsequentlyf) the hammer (102), as a result of the striking energy built up therein, automatically urges the first system element (122) into its disengaged position (128);g) and further fully strikes into its released position (108) in order to fire a shot.
2. The trigger system (100) according to claim 1, characterized by a hammer spring (110), in particular a torsion spring, acting on the hammer (102) for building up the required striking energy.
3. The trigger system (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second system element (164) blocks the first system element (122) by engaging behind it.
4. The trigger system (100) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hammer (102) has a first latching means (112), and the first system element (122) has a second latching means (130), which can be brought into the releasable engagement (180) with the first latching means (112).
5. The trigger system (100) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first system element (122) is pivotably mounted about a pivot point (124), so that it can be pivoted between its engaged position (126) and its disengaged position (128).
6. The trigger system (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that the second latching means (130) has a first contact surface (142), which contacts the first latching means (112) when the first system element (122) is in the engaged position (126) and the hammer (102) is in the cocked position (106); and the first contact surface (142) is configured such that its normal vector (n) encloses, with an imaginary connecting line (R) from the first contact surface (142) to the pivot point (124), an angle (a) less than or equal to 90° and greater than 0°, so that a force component (T) results from a force (N) transferred bythe hammer (102) and acting along the normal vector (n), which force component acts perpendicular to the connecting line (R) and pushes the first system element (122) in the direction of its disengaged position (128).
7. The trigger system (100) according to any of claims 4-6, characterized in that the second latching means (130) is a pawl, wherein the pawl is pivotably mounted such that, when the hammer (102) is moved into the cocked position (106), the pawl allows the first latching means (112) to pass unhindered when the first system element (122) is in its engaged position (126); and the second system element (164) is a counter bearing (39).
8. The trigger system (100) according to any of claims 4-7, characterized in that the hammer (102) is pivotably mounted about a hammer pivot point (104) and is pivoted about the hammer pivot point (104) for movement from the released position (108) into the cocked position (106); the first system element (122) is elongated or bracket-shaped; the two latching means (112, 130) are arranged such that their releasable engagement takes place in a distal end region (114) of the hammer (102) relative to the hammer pivot point (104); and the second system element (164) is arranged such that the blocking of the first system element (122) takes place in a trigger-side region (140) of the first system element (122).
9. The trigger system (100) according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a return spring (146), which urges the first system element (122) from its disengaged position (128) into its engaged position (126).
10. The trigger system (100) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that an end (116) of the hammer (102) distal to the hammer pivot point (104) is wedge-shaped, and the hammer (102) is dimensioned such that its distal end (116), when the hammer (102) is moved into the cocked position (106), urges the first system element (122) into its engaged position (126).
11. The trigger system (100) according to any of the preceding claims, comprising a first trigger spring (402), wherein the first trigger spring (402) is permanently coupled to the trigger (160), so that it counteracts pulling of the trigger (160) along an entire trigger travel (A) with its first spring force (F1).
12. The trigger system (100) according to claim 11, comprising a second trigger spring (404) and an adjuster (412), wherein the second trigger spring (404) can be coupled to the trigger (160), wherein, when coupled, the second trigger spring (404) counteracts pulling of the trigger (160) with its second spring force (F2); and the arrangement or length of the second trigger spring (404) can be adjusted by means of the adjuster (412) such that the second trigger spring (404) couples with the trigger (160) at the start (I) of the trigger travel (A), between the start (I) and end (E) of the trigger travel (A), or at no point along the trigger travel (A).
13. The trigger system (100) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by a trigger housing which mounts at least the system elements (122, 164) and can be installed in and removed from a firearm as a drop-in part.
14. The trigger system (100) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second system element (164), or a contact surface (170) provided on the second system element, or a part of the second system element (164) comprising the contact surface (170) provided on the second system element, is configured to be replaceable.
15. The trigger system (100) according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising: a first hammer stop (118a) arranged on the hammer (102); a second hammer stop (118b), which is arranged on a first element (176) of the firearm that is not movable by movement of the trigger (160); wherein the first and second hammer stops (118a, 118b) are arranged relative to one another such that the first hammer stop (118a), during movement of the hammer (102) into its cocked position (106), strikes against the second hammer stop (118b), so that direct impulse transfer to the trigger (160) is reduced.
16. The trigger system (100) according to claim 12, wherein the adjuster (412) is secured against rotation and / or loss.
17. The trigger system (100) according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a buffer element (172), which is arranged on a second element (176) of the firearm that is not movable by movement of the trigger (160) and, when the trigger (160) is not pulled, contacts the trigger (160) or an element (174) movably coupled thereto, wherein the buffer element (172) is configured and arranged on the second element (176) such that an impulse (P5) transferred to the trigger (160) or to the element (174) movably coupled thereto, which impulse points in the direction in which the trigger (160) is pulled to fire a shot, is cushioned.