Anti-allergy cat food improved by the addition of immunoglobulin from egg yolk and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an anti-allergy cat food enhanced by the addition of egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) and its method of preparation. This cat food primarily uses fresh chicken, rabbit, salmon, and pigeon meat, along with a variety of natural raw materials, vitamins, and trace additives such as natural steroids derived from yucca, and further incorporates a specific, previously microencapsulated IgY immunoglobulin. The IgY is isolated and purified from the egg yolks of laying hens immunized with IL-4, IL-5, and the extracellular domains of their receptors.Cat food obtained through low-temperature mixing, conditioning, granulation and drying processes allows for a stable release of IgY in the gastrointestinal tract, which helps to neutralize allergenic factors or associated inflammatory molecules, significantly reducing levels of IgE, IL-4 and other markers, thus alleviating allergic dermatitis and environmental hypersensitivity reactions in cats.

Description

1. Anti-allergy cat food improved by the addition of egg yolk immunoglobulin and its method of preparation. Technical field: The present invention falls within the field of pet food and functional foods, and relates more particularly to an anti-allergy cat food composition containing modified egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) and its method of preparation. It allows, through a continuous oral supply of specific IgY, the relief or attenuation of allergic reactions in cats, the improvement of their subsequent immunity, and the increase in the threshold of allergic reactions. 10. Prior art: With urbanization and the generalization of keeping cats indoors, allergic diseases in cats, including food allergies, environmental allergies, and allergic reactions related to flea bites, are experiencing a significant incidence. These conditions manifest primarily as skin itching, hair loss, and an increase in dandruff.Sneezing and upper respiratory symptoms. Traditional prevention and treatment methods include environmental control and drug treatments such as antihistamines, corticosteroids, immunotherapy, and parasite control. However, prolonged use of these medications can lead to side effects or compliance problems. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a functional cat food that is safe for long-term use, easy for the owner to use, and capable of continuously intervening in the daily diet. Egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY), due to its abundant availability, safety via the oral route, strong capacity for specific recognition of particular antigens25 and its low production cost, has been widely explored for passive immunity or neutralization applications in humans and animals. Previous techniques have shown that specific IgY prepared using IL-4,IL-5 and its extracellular receptor domains as immunizing antigens could reduce IL-4, IL-5, and IgE levels in animal models and improve the allergic phenotype, thus providing a viable scientific basis for the use of specific IgY5 as a functional food additive to alleviate allergies. The information disclosed in the prior art section is intended solely to provide a better understanding of the general context of the present invention and should in no way be interpreted as an acknowledgment or indication, in any way whatsoever, that this information constitutes prior art known to persons skilled in the art. Content of the invention: To overcome the drawbacks of prior art, the present invention provides an anti-allergic cat food containing specific / modified egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) and a method of preparation. By stabilizing Specific IgY15 and incorporating it into the cat food,Prolonged consumption by cats helps to attenuate clinical manifestations related to allergies, reduce pro-inflammatory factors related to Th2 cells (such as IL-4, IL-5, and IgE) at the systemic or local level, or exert a local neutralizing effect, thus constituting a safe and usable long-term dietary intervention. To achieve the aforementioned objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an anti-allergic cat food improved by the addition of egg yolk immunoglobulin, composed of raw materials and trace additives, the composition of the raw materials, expressed as a percentage, comprising the following components: Fresh chicken meat 43%; Fresh rabbit meat 15%; 2025 / 5770 BE2025 / 5770 3 Salmon 12%; Fresh pigeon meat 11%; The remainder includes goat's milk powder, chicken fat, dried potatoes, purple potato pellets, eggs, fish oil, fresh broccoli, fresh carrots, brewer's yeast powder, spirulina powder, psyllium,5. The additives include the following components: Taurine, fructo-oligosaccharides, manno-oligosaccharides, chondroitin sulfate, natural vitamin E, vitamin C, niacin, vitamin A, riboflavin (vitamin B2), calcium D-pantothenate, pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6), cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12), folic acid, vitamin D3, natural steroids derived from yucca. 10. Preferably, the natural steroids derived from yucca are selected by yucca. Preferably, the ratio of raw materials to additives, expressed by weight, is 5000:1 to 5000:1.5. Preferably, anti-allergy cat food, in addition to raw materials and additives, also includes egg yolk immunoglobulin. Preferably, the amount of IgY added is 200 to 250 g / tonne. Preferably, the IgY is prepared according to the following steps: 1) Immunize laying hens with proteins or peptides from the extracellular domains of IL-4, IL-5,of IL-4Rα and IL-5Rα as antigens to obtain eggs containing specific IgY; 2) Isolate IgY from egg yolk, purify it by precipitation with PEG-6000 and ammonium sulfate, then dialysis and lyophilize it to obtain IgY. Preferably, the amount of PEG-6000 is 10 to 15% (w / v) and the precipitation with ammonium sulfate is carried out at a saturation of 45 to 55%. The present invention also provides a method for preparing an improved anti-allergic cat food by adding IgY, comprising the following steps: 2025 / 5770 BE2025 / 5770 4 1) Perform microencapsulation of the obtained IgY: dissolve the IgY in a buffer and then mix it with sodium alginate, the alginate concentration being 0.5 to 2.0% (w / v); deposit the mixture by drop by drop at a constant rate or by para-atomization in a CaCl₂ solution, the CaCl₂ concentration being 0.05 to 0.20 M; drop flow rate: 0.5 to 5.0 mL / min; crosslinking time: 10 to 30 min; 5 2) Pasteurize fresh chicken, rabbit, salmon and pigeon meat at a temperature of 70 to 95° C for 1 to 20 min,then grind and homogenize using a cutter or hammer mill; grinding speed: 1000 to 3000rpm; output particle size: 3 to 8mm, thus obtaining a first mixture; 3) Grind the dried potatoes and psyllium into powder, add the purple potato granules, brewer's yeast powder, spirulina powder, glucosamine hydrochloride (1000mg / kg) and goat's milk powder, then sift and homogenize (80-200 mesh sieve), grinding speed: 1500 to 5000rpm, mixing time: 5 to 30min, thus obtaining a second mixture; 4) Rapidly freeze the broccoli, strawberries, and fresh carrots with liquid nitrogen, reduce them to a powder, then incorporate them with the eggs, chicken fat, and fish oil, mixing at high speed to obtain a third mixture; 5) Add the second mixture from step 3 to the third mixture from step 4 while stirring, homogenize completely, then mix with the first mixture; 6) Finally, incorporate the microencapsulated IgY at low speed to obtain the initial product of the cat food; 7) Proceed with packaging and granulation.Drying and cooling of the initial product to obtain the final cat food. Preferably, the particle size of the powder in the second mixture of step 3) is 70 to 180 μm; the average size of the oil droplets in the third mixture of step 4), after high-speed homogenization, is 30 to 50 μm; the coefficient of variation (CV) of the homogeneity of the filler mixture of step 5) is 5 to 10%; the temperature of the mixture after the addition of IgY in step 6) is 10 to 40°C. Preferably, the microencapsulated IgY retains at least 70% of its residual activity at room temperature for 6 months. Furthermore, the quality standards of the anti-allergy cat food thus prepared are as follows: Crude protein ≥42%, Crude fat ≥16%, Crude ash ≤10%, Crude fiber ≤9%, Calcium ≥1%, Total phosphorus ≥0.8%, Moisture ≤10%, Taurine ≥0.1%, Water-soluble chlorides (as Cl⁻) ≥0.3%. A third aspect of the present invention also discloses the use of said anti-allergy cat food,intended to relieve or alleviate allergic dermatitis, environmental allergies, or allergic reactions related to flea bites in cats. Beneficial effects of the invention: 1) Significant strengthening of the oral immune response capacity related to allergies: Specific IgY can bind / neutralize allergenic factors or key molecules responsible for allergies in the intestine, thus inhibiting the inflammatory cascade; 2) Safe and suitable food-based form of administration for long-term use, practical for daily management by pet owners; 3) Economical process: the source of IgY (laying hens) is inexpensive, and the preparation method is mature and scalable for industrial production. The present invention, by adding egg yolk immunoglobulin to cat food and improving the composition of the ingredients, makes it possible to mitigate allergic reactions in kittens, particularly specific coat dermatitis, by avoiding the shearing process.of applying medication and wearing an Elizabethan collar, thus reducing the cat's resistance, increasing the threshold of allergic reactions and strengthening the kittens' immunity. Specific embodiment 10 The invention is described in more detail below by means of concrete examples. In order to further clarify the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the invention, the following examples are used to illustrate the invention in more detail. It should be understood that the examples described in this specification are solely for the purpose of explaining the invention and should in no way be interpreted 15 as limiting. Unless otherwise indicated, all instruments and reagents used in the examples can be obtained commercially or synthesized using conventional methods, and can be used directly without further processing. Furthermore,All the instruments used in the examples are commercially available. 20 Example of implementation 1: Preparation of raw materials: Fresh chicken meat 43%; Fresh rabbit meat 15%; Salmon 12%; 25 Fresh pigeon meat 11%; 2025 / 5770 BE2025 / 5770 7 The remainder includes goat's milk powder, chicken fat, dried potatoes, purple potato pellets, eggs, fish oil, fresh broccoli, fresh carrots, brewer's yeast powder, spirulina powder, psyllium, glucosamine hydrochloride; the total weight is 5000 kg, of which 5 kg is glucosamine hydrochloride and 950 kg is for the other components; The weight of the trace additives is 1 kg, including the following components: 5 Taurine, fructo-oligosaccharides, manno-oligosaccharides, chondroitin sulfate, vitamin Enaturelle, vitamin C, niacin, vitamin A, riboflavin (vitamin B2), calcium D-pantothenate, pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6), cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12), acid folic, vitamin D3,natural steroids derived from yucca selected by mileyucca; It also includes 1000g of egg yolk immunoglobulin, prepared according to the following 10 steps: 1) Immunize laying hens with proteins or peptides from the extracellular domains of IL-4, IL-5, IL-4Rα and IL-5Rα as antigens to obtain eggs containing specific IgY; 2) Isolate IgY from egg yolk and purify it by precipitation with 10% (w / v) of 15 PEG-6000 and by ammonium sulfate at 45% unsaturation, then dialysis and freeze-dry to obtain IgY. Method for preparing anti-allergic cat food, comprising the following steps: 1) Perform microencapsulation of the obtained IgY: dissolve the IgY in buffer 20 and then mix it with sodium alginate, the alginate concentration being 0.8% (w / v); deposit the mixture drop by drop at a constant rate into a CaCl₂ solution, the CaCl₂ concentration being 0.10 M; drop flow rate: 3.0 mL / min; crosslinking time: 20 min; 2) Pasteurize fresh chicken, rabbit,salmon and pigeon at 95°C for 10 minutes, then grind and homogenize using a cutter or hammer mill; 2025 / 5770 BE2025 / 5770 8 grinding speed: 2000rpm; output particle size: 5mm, thus obtaining a first mixture; 3) Grind the dried potatoes and psyllium into powder, add the purple potato granules, brewer's yeast powder, spirulina powder, glucosamine hydrochloride and goat's milk powder, then sift and homogenize (150 mesh sieve), grinding speed: 3000rpm, mixing time: 20 minutes, thus obtaining a second mixture; 4) Rapidly freeze the broccoli, strawberries, and fresh carrots with liquid nitrogen, reduce them to a powder, then incorporate them with the eggs, chicken fat, and fish oil, mixing at high speed to obtain a third mixture; 5) Add the second mixture from step 3 to the third mixture from step 4 while stirring, homogenize completely, then mix with the first mixture; 6) Finally,Incorporate the microencapsulated IgY at low speed to obtain the initial product of the cat food; 7) Proceed to humidify, granulate, dry and cool the initial product15 to obtain the final cat food. In this case: the particle size of the powder of the second mixture of step 3) is 100μm; the average size of the oil droplets of the third mixture of step 4), after homogenization at high speed, is 30μm; the coefficient of variation (CV) of the homogeneity of the filling mixture of step 5) is 8%; the temperature of the mixture20 after the addition of the IgY in step 6) is 10°C. Example of implementation 2: Preparation of raw materials: Fresh chicken meat 43%; Fresh rabbit meat 15%; Salmon 12%; Fresh pigeon meat 11%; The remainder includes goat's milk powder, chicken fat, dried potatoes, purple potato pellets, eggs, fish oil, fresh broccoli, fresh carrots, brewer's yeast powder, spirulina powder, psyllium,glucosamine hydrochloride; the total weight is 5000 kg; 5 The weight of the additives is 1.25 kg, comprising the following components: Taurine, fructo-oligosaccharides, manno-oligosaccharides, chondroitin sulfate, natural vitamin E, vitamin C, niacin, vitamin A, riboflavin (vitamin B2), calcium D-pantothenate, pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6), cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12), folic acid, vitamin D3, natural steroids derived from yucca. 10 It also includes 1125 g of egg yolk immunoglobulin, prepared according to the following steps: 1) Immunize laying hens with proteins or peptides from the domains extracellular IL-4, IL-5, IL-4Rα and IL-5Rα as antigens to obtain eggs containing specific IgY; 15 2) Isolate IgY from egg yolk and purify it by precipitation with 12.5% ​​(w / v) PEG-6000 and ammonium sulfate at 55% unsaturation, then dialysis and freeze-dry to obtain IgY. Method for preparing anti-allergic cat food,comprising the following steps: 20 1) Perform microencapsulation of the IgY obtained: dissolve the IgY in a buffer and then mix it with sodium alginate, the concentration of the alginate being 2.0% (w / v); deposit the mixture by atomization in a CaCl₂ solution, the concentration of CaCl₂ being 0.05M; drip flow rate: 5.0mL / min; crosslinking time: 10 min; 25 2) Pasteurize fresh chicken, rabbit, salmon and pigeon meat at 75°C 2025 / 5770 BE2025 / 5770 10 for 20min, then grind and homogenize using a cutter or hammer mill; Grinding speed: 3000 rpm; output particle size: 3 mm, thus obtaining a first mixture; 3) Grind the dried potatoes and psyllium into powder, add the purple potato granules, brewer's yeast powder, spirulina powder, 5-glucosamine hydrochloride, and goat's milk powder, then sift and homogenize (200 mesh sieve), grinding speed: 1500 rpm, mixing time: 30 min, thus obtaining a second mixture; 4) Quickly freeze the broccoli, strawberries, and fresh carrots with liquid nitrogen, then reduce them to powder.then incorporate them into the eggs, chicken fat, and fish oil10 by mixing at high speed, thus obtaining a third mixture; 5) Add the second mixture from step 3) to the third mixture from step 4) while stirring, homogenize completely, then mix with the first mixture; 6) Finally, incorporate the microencapsulated IgY at low speed to obtain the initial product of the cat food; 7) Proceed with the humidification, granulation, drying, and cooling of the initial product to obtain the final cat food. In this case: the particle size of the powder in the second mixture from step 3) is 70 μm; the average size of the oil droplets in the third mixture from step 4), after homogenization at high speed,is 40μm; the coefficient of variation (CV) is 20; the homogeneity of the mixture of the filling in step 5) is 10%; the temperature of the mixture after the addition of IgY in step 6) is 25°C. Example of implementation 3: Preparation of raw materials: Fresh chicken meat 43%; Fresh rabbit meat 15%; Salmon 12%; Fresh pigeon meat 11%; The remainder includes goat's milk powder, chicken fat, dried potatoes, purple potato pellets, eggs, fish oil, fresh broccoli, fresh carrots, brewer's yeast powder, spirulina powder, psyllium, glucosamine hydrochloride; the total weight is 5000 kg; The weight of the trace additives is 1.5 kg, including the following components: Taurine, fructo-oligosaccharides, manno-oligosaccharides, chondroitin sulfate, natural vitamin, vitamin C, niacin, vitamin A, riboflavin (vitamin B2), calcium D-pantothenate, pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6), cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12), acid10 folic, vitamin D3,natural steroids derived from yucca. It also includes 1250g of egg yolk immunoglobulin, prepared according to the following steps: 1) Immunize laying hens with proteins or peptides from the extracellular domains of IL-4, IL-5, IL-4Rα and IL-5Rα as antigens in order to obtain eggs containing specific IgY; 2) Isolate IgY from the egg yolk and purify it by precipitation with 12.5% ​​(w / v) of PEG-6000 and by ammonium sulfate to 50% unsaturation, then dialysis and freeze-dry to obtain IgY. Method for preparing anti-allergic cat food, comprising the following steps: 1) Perform microencapsulation of the obtained IgY: dissolve the IgY in a buffer and then mix it with sodium alginate, the alginate concentration being 1.0% (w / v); deposit the mixture drop by drop at a constant rate into a CaCl₂ solution, the CaCl₂ concentration being 0.20M; drop rate: 0.5 mL / min; crosslinking time: 30 min; 2025 / 5770 BE2025 / 5770 12 2) Pasteurize fresh chicken, rabbit,salmon and pigeon at 80°C for 3 min, then grind and homogenize using a cutter or hammer mill; grinding speed: 1000rpm; output particle size: 8mm, thus obtaining a first mixture; 3) Grind the dried potatoes and psyllium into powder, add the purple potato granules, brewer's yeast powder, spirulina powder, glucosamine hydrochloride and goat's milk powder, then sift and homogenize (80 mesh sieve), grinding speed: 5000rpm, mixing time: 5 min, thus obtaining a second mixture; 4) Rapidly freeze the broccoli, strawberries, and fresh carrots with liquid nitrogen, reduce them to a powder, then incorporate them with the eggs, chicken fat, and fish oil, mixing at high speed to obtain a third mixture; 5) Add the second mixture from step 3 to the third mixture from step 4 while stirring, homogenize completely, then mix with the first mixture; 6) Finally, incorporate the microencapsulated IgY at low speed to obtain the initial product of the cat food; 7) Proceed with moistening and granulation.Drying and cooling of the initial product to obtain the final cat food. In this case: the particle size of the powder in the second mixture (step 3) is 175 μm; the average size of the oil droplets in the third mixture (step 4), after 20 high-speed homogenizations, is 50 μm; the coefficient of variation (CV) of the homogeneity of the filling mixture (step 5) is 5%; the temperature of the mixture after the addition of IgY in step 6) is 40°C. Control group 1: no addition of egg yolk IgY. Control group 2: addition of egg yolk IgY without microencapsulation.25 Examples of implementation 1 to 3 were compared to control groups 1 and 2 for 2025 / 5770 BE2025 / 5770 13 the allergy index and IgY activity in the feline model, the results are presented in the table below: Added IgY Microencapsulated IgY Skin itch score over 4 weeks (0–5) IL-4 (pg / mL) IgE (ng / mL) Residual IgY activity (%) Control group 1 (without IgY) ××4.2±0.6128±1542.3±5.10 Control group 2 (with IgY,non-microencapsulated) ✓×3.6±0.496±1231.2±4.912±3 Example of realization 1 ✓✓2.1±0.352±818.7±2.578±5 Example of realization 2 ✓✓1.9±0.448±917.9±2.081±6 Example of realization 3 ✓✓2.0±0.351±718.3±2.480±5 As shown in the table, the absence of IgY (control group 1) → almost no desensitization effect; non-microencapsulated IgY (control group 2) → limited effect, which indicates that the granulation process 5 leads to thermal inactivation of IgY. The microencapsulated IgY in implementation examples 1 to 3 → significant reduction of IL-4 / IgE, consistent with the notable improvement in dermatitis scores. Implementation examples 1 to 3, protected by microencapsulation, exhibit room temperature stability of ≥70% over 6 months.thus giving the product a more marked immunomodulatory and desensitizing effect. The above explanations concerning the disclosed embodiments enable persons competent in the technical field to implement or use the invention. The numerous modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to persons competent in the field. The general principles defined in this document can be applied in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Consequently, the present invention shall not be limited to the embodiments illustrated in this document, but shall extend to the widest scope compatible with the principles and new features disclosed herein. 2025 / 5770 BE2025 / 5770,