Formwork device

Abstract

The invention relates to a formwork device for a battery mold for producing components, in particular precast concrete parts, having at least two bulkheads. The formwork device has two formwork panels which can be connected together in a releasably articulated manner in order to be converted from an unfolded state into a folded state. Each formwork panel has a formwork front face for attaching formwork elements and a formwork rear face, and the formwork rear faces of the two formwork panels face each other in the folded state. The formwork device is provided for positioning between the bulkheads. The invention further relates to a battery mold comprising at least one formwork device according to the invention, wherein the formwork panels can be inserted into the battery mold in the connected state or in the disconnected state.

Description

Formwork equipment The present invention relates to a formwork device for a battery formwork for the production of building components, in particular precast concrete elements, and to a battery formwork with at least one formwork device according to the invention. Battery molds are frequently used in the mass production of precast concrete elements. Precast concrete elements are particularly common in the construction of prefabricated buildings. These elements can be produced quickly and cost-effectively in battery molds. Conventional battery molds use so-called partition walls as formwork units, arranged side by side. The partition walls each span vertical planes. Formwork elements, for example for doors, windows, and so on, are placed between the partition walls. These, together with the partition walls on either side, define the cavities to be filled with concrete. The partition walls are fitted with the appropriate formwork elements as needed. A worker attaches the formwork elements to the steel partition walls, for example, using magnetic holders.During production, the partition walls are braced against each other to ensure sufficient airtightness of the cavities. These cavities are open at the top and are filled with concrete to produce the precast concrete elements. The cavities between the partition walls are filled with concrete essentially simultaneously. After the concrete has hardened, the bracing is released, and the hardened precast concrete elements can be removed from the battery formwork. The simultaneous production of multiple precast concrete elements using battery formwork allows for the rapid and cost-effective production of these elements. However, handling the large and relatively heavy partition walls is not entirely straightforward. Loading the partition walls with formwork elements is also quite laborious. DE 10 2015 209 157 describes a formwork system for a battery formwork for manufacturing building components, comprising two formwork panels. Such a formwork system is also known as butterfly formwork. This formwork system already significantly simplifies the production of precast concrete elements. However, it is desirable and the object of the present invention to make the manufacturing process even more flexible in order to enable easier loading of the formwork panels by persons or machines. This problem is solved according to the invention by a formwork device for a battery formwork for producing building elements, in particular precast concrete elements, which has at least two bulkhead walls, and the formwork device has two formwork panels which can be detachably connected to each other in order to be converted from an unfolded state to a folded state, wherein each formwork panel has a formwork front for attaching formwork elements and a formwork back, and the formwork backs of the two formwork panels face each other in the folded state, and the formwork device is provided for being positioned between the bulkhead walls. This solution offers the advantage that the formwork panels, when unconnected or separated, can be fitted with formwork elements, for example for doors and windows for a precast concrete element, independently of each other by people or machines. This allows easier access to the formwork panels from all sides. Furthermore, fitting the formwork panels while unconnected significantly reduces the space required, for example in production lines, compared to using connected formwork panels. The ability to fit the formwork panels with formwork elements while they are lying flat facilitates the automation of this process. After fitting, the formwork panels can be reconnected and folded. The formwork assembly with the two formwork panels can then be positioned between the bulkheads.This allows for more flexible and easier handling of the formwork system. At the same time, the space required for assembly is reduced. This also allows for a reduction in the dimensions of a production line. In an advantageous further development of the invention, the formwork panels can be essentially rectangular and preferably connectable to one another on one side, more preferably on the longer longitudinal side. The shape of the formwork panels thus essentially corresponds to the shape of the bulkheads, ensuring compatibility with the bulkheads. This can be particularly advantageous for the possible retrofitting of existing battery formwork. It can be beneficial if the essentially rectangular formwork panels can be connected to one another on one side, preferably on the longer longitudinal side. The connection then follows a horizontal line that runs during the insertion process of the folded formwork panels. The two formwork panels thus extend downwards from this line, essentially hanging downwards from it. This allows for easier handling of the formwork system. It can also be advantageous if the formwork panels can be connected to each other via at least one hinge joint. This further simplifies the process of transferring the formwork panels from their unfolded to their folded state, and thus also their handling. It can also be advantageous if each formwork panel has at least one suspension roller and / or at least one first support roller and / or at least one second support roller. The suspension roller makes it easier to move the formwork panels within the battery tray. During assembly, the formwork panels rest on a support surface using the first support roller and / or the second support roller. The support rollers facilitate movement of the formwork panels on this surface. Furthermore, the first support roller assists in transferring the interconnected formwork panels from an unfolded to a folded state, and vice versa.When transferring the connected formwork panels from the unfolded to the folded state, or vice versa, the first support roller rests against the base at least temporarily and rolls along it. This further simplifies the handling of the formwork system. Furthermore, it can prove advantageous if the suspension roller is provided on a narrow side of the formwork panel, preferably in the area where the two formwork panels abut each other. Such a design further simplifies the process of hanging the formwork panel in the battery formwork. Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the first support roller is arranged on the longitudinal side of the formwork panel opposite the hinge joint. This further facilitates and simplifies the process of transferring the formwork panels from an unfolded to a folded state, and vice versa. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the second support roller can be arranged on the back of the formwork panel. This makes it even easier to move the formwork panel on a surface, thus further simplifying handling. It can also be advantageous if the first support rollers and / or the second support rollers are offset from each other along the pivot axis of the formwork system. are arranged in a specific order. In the folded state, the back sides of the formwork panels, to which the second set of support rollers are attached, face each other. The staggered arrangement of the support rollers reduces the distance between the two formwork panels when folded. Similarly, the staggered arrangement of the first set of support rollers also allows for a smaller distance between the two formwork panels when folded. Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the first support roller and / or the second support roller are swivel-mounted. This makes it even easier to move the formwork panel on the base. It can also be advantageous if the suspension roller is made of steel, at least in part, and / or if the first and / or second support rollers are made of plastic, at least in part. This allows the formwork panels to be moved more easily while maintaining high stability of the suspension roller and / or the support rollers. In an advantageous further development of the invention, the formwork device can preferably be movably supported by the first support rollers, at least temporarily, during unfolding, unfolding, lifting from, and / or placing on a surface. Supporting the formwork device further simplifies its handling during unfolding, unfolding, lifting from, and / or placing on a surface. Furthermore, the above problem is solved by a battery tray with at least one tray device according to the invention, in which the tray plates can be inserted into the battery tray in a connected or unconnected state. This solution offers the advantage of greater flexibility in the manufacturing process. Specifically, the formwork panels can be loaded in their unconnected state and inserted into the battery tray in this condition. The dimensions of unconnected formwork panels are significantly smaller than those of connected panels. Since unconnected formwork panels can also be inserted into the battery tray, connecting the panels before insertion is no longer necessary. This further simplifies handling and reduces the required space. It can be advantageous if the formwork panels used in an unconnected state can be connected to each other. This further simplifies the handling of the formwork panels in the battery formwork. Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the formwork panels are arranged hanging in the battery casing, as this can further reduce the space requirement. It can also be advantageous if the battery tray has at least one support device, preferably a rail, for receiving the suspension roller of the tray panel. This can further simplify handling. The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment and accompanying drawings. These drawings show: Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a known battery casing with casing components; Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a formwork device according to the invention in its unfolded state in a top view; Figure 3 shows an enlarged schematic representation of a hinge joint of the formwork device from Figure 2; Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of the formwork system from Figure 2 in a Side view; Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of the formwork device according to the invention in a raised state; and Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of the formwork device according to the invention in the folded state in the battery casing. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a battery formwork 1 with formwork devices 5', as known from DE 10 2015 209 157. The battery formwork 1 is used for manufacturing building components (not shown) and, in particular, precast concrete elements for buildings. The battery formwork 1 has a support frame 2 with spaced-apart support sections 3. The number of support sections 3 in Figure 1 is shown only as an example. The battery formwork 1 can be viewed and adapted to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the battery formwork 1 comprises two support structures 4 in which the bulkheads 6 and the formwork elements 5' are suspended and movably mounted, i.e., in the present embodiment, slidably mounted. The formwork elements 5' are located between the bulkheads 6. A cavity to be filled with concrete is formed between at least one bulkhead 6 and a formwork element 5', wherein the formwork element 5' preferably carries formwork elements (not shown) that define the contour of the precast concrete element. The formwork elements can, for example, define door or window openings and also seal the concrete-filled cavity during concreting. The formwork elements can, for example, be attached to the formwork element 5' by means of magnetic holders.Additionally, a heating device and / or a vibrator (not shown) can be mounted on the formwork 5. The formwork 5' shown in Figure 1 is plate-shaped. The formwork 5' can be provided with corresponding formwork elements on one or both sides. If the formwork 5' is provided with formwork elements on both sides, it can be used to produce different precast concrete elements on each side. The formwork 5' equipped with formwork elements on both sides, as well as the formwork 5' equipped with formwork elements on one side, is placed between two bulkhead walls 6 and braced against them during concreting. The number of support structures 4 for the partition walls 6 and the formwork units 5' is to be considered merely exemplary and can be varied depending on the circumstances. For example, formwork units 5' can be provided for the exterior walls, interior walls, the floor, and the roof of a house, so that the building components for an entire building can be produced simultaneously with the battery formwork 1. The partition walls 6 and the formwork units 5' are clamped between two support structures 7. The number of support structures 7 is also to be considered merely exemplary and can be varied according to requirements. At least one support structure 7 is movable, i.e., in the present embodiment, slidable, and is accommodated within the support structures 4.For stabilization, the formwork units 5' and the support units 7 can be connected and braced together in the concreting position by one or more rod-shaped connecting devices 9. The number of connecting devices 9 can be adapted to the conditions. Hydraulic connecting devices are also possible instead of rod-shaped connecting devices 9. However, the rod-shaped connecting devices 9 are particularly robust and easy to handle. Furthermore, the battery formwork 1 has a lifting device 8 with which at least one of the formwork sections 5' can be moved from the lowered concreting position to a raised transport position, in which the formwork section 5' can be conveyed over a formwork section 5' in the concreting position in a direction substantially perpendicular to the lifting direction X. In the battery formwork 1, the formwork sections 5' are suspended from above into the support structures 4, so that, in the suspended state in the concreting position, they are spaced between the support sections 3 and the ground. The design of the lifting device 8 can be adapted to the requirements. If necessary, several lifting devices 8 can also be used. The lifting device 8 is movable on two spaced-apart guide devices 25, which here are designed as running rails 25, in one span direction of the formwork devices 5. Furthermore, the guide devices 25 are arranged above and parallel to the support devices 4. To make the battery formwork 1 more compact, the formwork devices 5 are attached to the support devices 4 at their upper end. The battery tray 1 can have at least one weighting device (not shown) with a cavity that can preferably be filled with sand, water, and / or concrete. Furthermore, the weighting device can be emptied and / or removed. This increases the stability and sturdiness of the battery tray. Figure 2 shows a schematic top view of a formwork device 5 according to the invention, which can be used, for example, in the battery formwork 1 shown in Figure 1 instead of the formwork device 5'. The formwork device 5 has two formwork panels 10 that can be detachably hinged together to be converted from an unfolded state to a folded state. In Figure 2, the formwork panels 10 are connected to each other and are in an unfolded state. The top view of Figure 2 shows the front of the formwork 11 for attaching formwork elements (not shown). Furthermore, the formwork panel 10 has a back of the formwork 12, which is arranged opposite the front of the formwork 11. In the folded state, which is shown in Figure 6, the backs of the formwork 12 of the two formwork panels 10 face each other.The formwork unit 5 is designed to be positioned between the bulkhead walls 6. The formwork unit 5, or the formwork panel 10, can be loaded in a horizontal position. Furthermore, the formwork unit 5, or the formwork panel 10, can be transported in so-called carousel systems with conveyors. Various processing stations can be located in these carousel systems. After demolding, the formwork unit... The formwork plate 10, for example, can be cleaned at one workstation and re-equipped at another workstation before being reattached to the battery tray 1. The formwork panels 10 are essentially rectangular and connected to each other along their longer longitudinal side 13 by two hinge joints 15. The arrangement and number of hinge joints 15 are to be considered merely exemplary and can be adapted to the specific circumstances. Figure 3 shows an enlarged view of one hinge joint 15 from Figure 2. This will be discussed in more detail later. Each of the formwork panels 10 has two suspension rollers 18, two first support rollers 19, and two second support rollers 20. The suspension rollers 18 are arranged on each narrow side 14 of the formwork panels 10 and in the area where the two formwork panels 10 abut each other. Each formwork panel 10 has two first support rollers 19 on the longitudinal side 13 of the formwork panel 10 opposite the hinge joints 15. Two second support rollers 20 are arranged on the rear side 12 of each formwork panel 10. The first support rollers 19 and the second support rollers 20 of the formwork panels 10 of the formwork unit 5 are arranged offset from each other along the pivot axis 22. This arrangement allows the distance between the two formwork panels 10 to be reduced when folded. In Figure 2, the first two support rollers 19 of the upper formwork panel 10 are arranged at the edge of the formwork panel 10. This allows for easy handling of the formwork panel 10 and the formwork assembly 5. However, the number and arrangement of the suspension rollers 18, the first support rollers 19, and the second support rollers 20 are only exemplary and can be adapted to the specific requirements. The suspension rollers 18 are attached to the narrow sides 14 of the formwork panels 10 via holders 21 b in such a way that they protrude from the formwork panels 10. Furthermore, the first support rollers 19 are attached to the longitudinal sides 13 of the formwork panels 10 via holders 21 a in such a way that they protrude from them. It is also conceivable that the first support rollers 19 and / or the second support rollers 20 are pivotable, which makes the movement of the formwork panels 10 on a base 23, as shown in Figure 5, even easier. It has proven particularly advantageous if the suspension roller 18 is made of steel, at least in sections, and the first support rollers 19 and the second support roller 20 are made of plastic, at least in sections. However, any other suitable material can also be used. Figure 2 also shows the roller axes 24a for the first support rollers and 24b for the suspension rollers 18. Figure 3 shows an enlargement of a hinge joint 15 as depicted in Figure 2. Hinge joint parts 16 are arranged on each of the formwork panels 10 and are connected to one another by a bolt 17. In the connected state, one hinge part 16 of one formwork element 10 faces a hinge part 16 of another formwork element 10. The bolt 17 is secured against falling out in a suitable manner. After removing the securing device (not shown), the bolt 17 can be removed from the hinge joint parts 16, allowing the formwork panels 10 to be separated and loaded independently. The hinge joint 15 is only an example. Other suitable hinge joints can also be used. Instead of hinge joints, other suitable articulated connection types or a combination of different articulated connection types are also conceivable. Figure 4 shows a formwork device 5 according to the invention in a side view in its connected and unfolded state. The first support rollers 19 and the second support rollers 20 are movably supported on the base 23. Formwork elements (not shown), which define the contour of the precast concrete element, can be applied to the front surface 11 of the formwork panel 10. The formwork elements can, for example, define door or window openings and also seal the concrete-filled cavity during concreting. The formwork elements can be attached to the formwork panels 10, for example, with magnetic holders. Other fastening methods are also possible. The formwork panels can be designed according to the desired fastening method. Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of the formwork device 5 according to the invention during the transition from an unfolded state to a folded state, or during the transition from a folded state to an unfolded state, or during lifting from or placing on the base 23. The two formwork panels 10 are connected to each other via hinge joints 15. The formwork device 5 is temporarily movable via the first support rollers 19 during unfolding and / or unfolding and / or lifting from and / or placing on the base 23. supported. This significantly simplifies the handling of the formwork device 5. Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of the formwork device 5 according to the invention in its folded state, or in a state when it is suspended in the support device 4 of the battery casing 1. Only the support device 4 of the battery casing 1 is shown in Figure 6. The formwork panels 10 are pivotally connected to one another via the hinge joints 15. The suspension rollers 18 are arranged in the support device 4. The rear faces 12 of the formwork panels 10 are arranged adjacent to one another. According to the present invention, the formwork panels 10 can be inserted into the battery tray 1 not only in a connected state, but also in a disconnected state. Insertion using the insertion rollers 18 is not strictly necessary. The formwork panels 10, or the formwork assembly 10, can also be inserted into the battery tray 1 using other suitable methods. Furthermore, the formwork panels 10 inserted in a disconnected state can also be connected to each other within the battery tray 1. In this way, the manufacturing process can be designed very flexibly, and handling is simplified. The hanging arrangement of the formwork panels 10 in the battery tray 1 allows the battery tray 1 to be designed more compactly. With the aid of the formwork device 5 according to the invention for a battery formwork 1, or the battery formwork 1 with a formwork device 5 according to the invention, it is possible to load the formwork panels 10 more easily by people or machines. This allows for a more flexible manufacturing process. In particular, separate loading of the formwork panels 10 makes handling them easier. A person or machine can more easily access the formwork panel 10 from all sides for loading. Furthermore, less space is required in production lines.

Claims

Patent claims 1. Formwork device for a battery formwork (1 ) for producing building elements, in particular precast concrete elements, which has at least two bulkhead walls (6), and the formwork device (5) has two formwork panels (10) which can be detachably hinged to each other in order to be transferred from an unfolded state to a folded state, wherein each formwork panel (10) has a formwork front (1 1 ) for attaching formwork elements and a formwork back (12) and the formwork backs (12) of the two formwork panels (10) face each other in the folded state and the formwork device (5) is intended to be positioned between the bulkhead walls (6).

2. Formwork device according to claim 1, characterized in that the formwork panels (10) are essentially rectangular and can preferably be connected to each other on one side, preferably on the longer longitudinal side (13).

3. Formwork device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the formwork panels (10) can be connected to each other via at least one hinge joint (15).

4. Formwork device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the formwork panels (10) has at least one suspension roller (18) and / or at least one first support roller (19) and / or at least one second support roller (20).

5. Formwork device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suspension roller (18) is provided on a narrow side (14) of the formwork panel (10) and preferably in the area where the two formwork panels (10) adjoin each other.

6. Formwork device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first support roller (19) is arranged on the longitudinal side (13) of the formwork panel (10) opposite the hinge joint (15).

7. Formwork device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second support roller (20) is arranged on the back of the formwork (12) of the formwork panel (10).

8. Formwork device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first support rollers (19) and / or the second support rollers (20) are arranged offset from each other along the pivot axis (22) of the formwork plates (10) of the formwork device (5).

9. Formwork device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first support roller (19) and / or the second support roller (20) is pivotable.

10. Formwork device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suspension roller (18) is made of steel at least in sections and / or the first support roller (19) and / or the second support roller (20) is made of plastic at least in sections. 1 1. Formwork device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the formwork device (5) can be movably supported at least temporarily via the first support rollers (19) during the unfolding and / or unfolding and / or lifting from and / or placing on a base (23).

12. Battery casing with at least one casing device (5) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the casing plates (10) can be inserted into the battery casing (1) in a connected or unconnected state.

13. Battery casing according to claim 12, characterized in that the casing plates (10) used in the unconnected state can be connected to each other.

14. Battery casing according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the casing plates (10) are arranged suspended in the battery casing (1 ).

15. Battery casing according to at least one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the battery casing (1 ) has at least one support device (4), preferably a rail (4), for receiving the suspension roller (18) of the casing plate (10).