Boron-free wick, candle comprising such wick, and process for impregnating a wick with a boron-free imbibition solution.

Abstract

Boron-free soaking solution for a boron-free wick. The present invention relates to a boron-free soaking solution for a wick, a boron-free wick, as well as a candle, comprising a wick according to the invention. Furthermore, the invention relates to a process for impregnating a wick with a soaking solution according to the invention.

Description

[001] The present invention relates to a boron-free soaking solution for a wick, a boron-free wick, as well as a candle, comprising a wick according to the invention. Furthermore, the invention relates to a process for impregnating a wick with a soaking solution according to the invention.

[002] Candle wicks must combine several properties. On the one hand, these must exhibit good burning behavior, but they should not burn too quickly. On the other hand, the angle of curvature of the wick must be within a predetermined range to cause corresponding flame sizes and shapes.

[003] To obtain these properties, various substances are added to the wicks, which influence the burning behavior. An important component here is a flame retardant, which prevents excessively rapid burning. In addition, substances are used that influence the other properties of the wick. The important thing in this case is the interaction of all the components to obtain a wick that exhibits a corresponding curvature and advantageous burning behavior.

[004] From the state of the art, substances containing boron are known, such as boric acid, borates or also borax, which are used as flame retardants. These substances cause an advantageous burning behavior of the wick. Similarly, the wick has an advantageous curvature.

[005] Borates, and in particular borax, can have a negative influence on health and are classified as harmful to procreation. That is, wicks that are impregnated with such substances, i.e., have been soaked, are no longer desirable nowadays. Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, p. 22 / 113 2 / 21

[006] Therefore, it is of interest to make available solutions of preparations, also known as soaking solutions, for wicks, which are harmless to health and, despite this, have the advantageous burning and bending properties of conventional wicks, which contain boron and, in particular, borates.

[007] Therefore, the task of the present invention is to provide soaking solutions for wicks and tinder that are boron-free. At the same time, the task is to provide wicks with good burning properties and good bending behavior.

[008] The present task is solved by means of the soaking solution according to the invention, according to claim 1. In addition, the present invention relates to a boron-free wick, according to claim 6. Similarly, the present invention relates to candles, according to claim 10, comprising the wick according to the invention.

[009] Another object of the invention relates to a process, according to claim 12, which is used for impregnation, i.e., soaking wicks with a soaking solution according to the invention.

[0010] In the present case, the invention shows a boron-free soaking solution for a wick, preferably comprising containing a) a solvent, b) at least one primary flame protection agent and (c) at least one first additive, wherein the first additive is selected from the group, which consists of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer or combinations thereof.

[0011] Soaking solutions are also called preparation solutions. Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 23 / 113 3 / 21

[0012] The soaking solution according to the invention eliminates the need for the addition of boron-containing substances, especially borates and, in particular, borax. Borates, and in particular borax, are on a list of substances that cause particular concern.

[0013] Similarly, the soaking solution according to the invention is environmentally friendly and allows the disposal of a hazardous substance. In addition, the soaking solution is partly biodegradable. Furthermore, the boron-free soaking solution positively influences the burning behavior of wicks.

[0014] Preferably, the solvent of the boron-free soaking solution is water. If water is used as the solvent, it may contain traces of the substances dissolved in it. Preferably, demineralized water is used as the solvent.

[0015] Furthermore, in the boron-free soaking solution according to the invention, at least one first flame retardant agent is used. A flame retardant agent prevents the wick from decomposing.

[0016] Decomposition is understood to mean the so-called extinguishing, that is, the burning of the wick when the candle goes out. The flame protection agent, according to the present invention, is therefore responsible, among other things, for the advantageous burning behavior, and at the same time it is possible to dispense with boron-containing substances that are hazardous to health.

[0017] Flame protection agents according to the invention in the sense of the invention are all flame protection agents known to those skilled in the art, which are suitable for use in wick soaking solutions and are boron-free.

[0018] Preferably, at least one primary flame protection agent is selected from the group, which consists Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 24 / 113 4 / 21 in inorganic substances containing phosphorus, phosphates, organophosphorus compounds, nitrogen compounds, silicic acid and combinations thereof. Preferably, at least one flame protection agent is an inorganic substance containing phosphorus.

[0019] The phosphates are preferably selected from inorganic and organic phosphates, more preferably from dihydrogen phosphates, hydrogen phosphates, polyphosphates and / or combinations thereof, and even more preferably from ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate and / or combinations thereof.

[0020] In a particularly preferred manner, at least one first flame protection agent is polyphosphoric acid and / or polyphosphate and in a more preferred manner, ammonium polyphosphate.

[0021] Organic phosphorus compounds are preferably ammonium salts of organic phosphorus compounds.

[0022] Nitrogen compounds are preferably selected from inorganic nitrogen compounds, organic nitrogen compounds and / or combinations thereof, preferably from inorganic nitrogen compounds.

[0023] In addition, the soaking solution according to the invention preferably comprises an inorganic sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate. Preferably, the inorganic sulfate is selected from the group consisting of sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate or ammonium sulfate, the most preferred being the inorganic sulfate ammonium sulfate.

[0024] Preferably, the soaking solution according to the invention contains sulfuric acid.

[0025] The soaking solution according to the invention also preferably contains inorganic sulfate, inorganic hydrogen sulfate. Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 25 / 113 5 / 21 and / or sulfuric acid.

[0026] According to an advantageous embodiment, the boron-free soaking solution for a wick preferably comprises a) a solvent; b) at least one primary flame protection agent; (c) at least one first additive, the first additive being selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer or combinations thereof; and d) an inorganic sulfate, selected from the group, consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, potassium sulfate, and calcium sulfate.

[0027] In addition, the boron-free soaking solution according to the invention comprises at least one first additive. The first additive may be selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, urea, a polymer, or combinations thereof. Preferably, the at least one first additive is selected from ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate; more preferably, the first additive is cerium nitrate.

[0028] If the first additive is a polymer, then the polymer is preferably an organic polymer. Preferably, the organic polymer is a polyethylene glycol, a polyacrylate or a vinyl-based polymer. The polymers may be homo- or copolymers and may contain other monomers, such as, for example, one- or two-times unsaturated monomers, such as ethylene, propylene and / or butadiene.

[0029] The polymer can also be multivalent, the polymer is preferably di-, tri- and / or tetravalent. Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 26 / 113 6 / 21

[0030] According to another embodiment, the soaking solution comprises a second flame retardant, which may be selected from the flame retardants mentioned above. At least one first and second flame retardant, in this case, are different from each other.

[0031] Preferably, the boron-free soaking solution contains a second additive, wherein the second additive is an inorganic nitrate, preferably the second additive is selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate, wherein the second additive is different from the first additive. More preferably, the second additive is ammonium nitrate.

[0032] According to a preferred embodiment, at least one first additive is cerium nitrate and the second additive is ammonium nitrate.

[0033] Furthermore, preferably, the soaking solution according to the invention contains a third additive. Preferably, the third additive is selected from the group consisting of magnesium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, urea, sulfur, organic sulfur compounds, inorganic sulfur compounds and / or combinations thereof, more preferably selected from the group consisting of sulfur, organic sulfur compounds and inorganic sulfur compounds, and even more preferably the third additive is sulfur.

[0034] The soaking solution according to the invention may also contain other additives.

[0035] Preferably, the proportion of inorganic sulfate is 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.3 to 9% by weight, even more preferably 0.3 to 6.0% by weight and even more preferably 0.4 to 4.0% by weight. Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 27 / 113 7 / 21 by weight, based on the total quantity of boron-free soaking solution.

[0036] According to an advantageous embodiment, the boron-free soaking solution for a wick preferably comprises a) a solvent; b) at least one primary flame protection agent; (c) at least one first additive, the first additive being selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer, or combinations thereof; and (d) an inorganic sulfate, selected from the group, consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate, wherein the proportion of inorganic sulfate is 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 9% by weight and more preferably 0.4 to 4.0% by weight, based on the total amount of the soaking solution.

[0037] In addition, preferably, the proportion of the first additive is 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 4.0% by weight, more preferably 0.15 to 3.8% by weight and even more preferably 0.2 to 3.6% by weight, based on the total quantity of the soaking solution.

[0038] According to another advantageous embodiment, the boron-free soaking solution for a wick preferably comprises a) a solvent; b) at least one primary flame protection agent; and c) at least one first additive, wherein the first Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 28 / 113 8 / 21 additive is selected from the group, which consists of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer or combinations thereof, the proportion of the first additive being 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 4.0% by weight and more preferably 0.2 to 3.6% by weight, based on the total quantity of the soaking solution.

[0039] In another advantageous embodiment, the boron-free soaking solution for a wick preferably comprises a) a solvent; b) at least one primary flame protection agent; (c) at least one first additive, wherein the first additive is selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer or combinations thereof, wherein the proportion of the first additive is 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 4.0% by weight and more preferably 0.2 to 3.6% by weight, based on the total quantity of the soaking solution; and (d) an inorganic sulfate, selected from the group, consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate, preferably the proportion of inorganic sulfate being from 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 9% by weight and most preferably from 0.4 to 4.0% by weight, based on the total amount of the soaking solution.

[0040] Another object of the invention relates to a boron-free wick comprising, preferably, a) a wick material, wherein the wick material is selected from cotton, viscose, cellulose fibers, paper yarn, linen fiber yarn and / or combinations thereof; b) at least one primary protective agent against Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 29 / 113 9 / 21 flames and (c) at least one first additive, wherein the first additive is selected from the group, which consists of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer or combinations thereof.

[0041] The wick consists of a wick material. This wick material forms the base material and is soaked with the soaking solution. Wick material includes all materials known to the expert. Preferably, the wick material is selected from cotton, viscose, cellulose fibers, paper yarn, linen fiber yarn and / or combinations thereof.

[0042] Preferably, the boron-free wick is obtained by impregnating a wick material with the soaking solution according to the invention.

[0043] After drying, a boron-free wick is obtained, which is free of water, but comprises the substances contained in the soaking solution according to the invention.

[0044] The information given above regarding the soaking solution according to the invention is also valid correspondingly for the boron-free wick.

[0045] Boron-free wick comprises at least one primary flame protection agent.

[0046] Flame protection agents according to the invention are all flame protection agents known to those skilled in the art, which are suitable for use on wicks and are boron-free.

[0047] Preferably, at least one primary flame-retardant agent is selected from the group consisting of inorganic substances containing phosphorus, phosphates, organophosphorus compounds, nitrogen compounds, silicic acid, and combinations thereof. Preferably, at least one flame-retardant agent Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 30 / 113 10 / 21 flame protection is an inorganic substance containing phosphorus.

[0048] The phosphates are preferably selected from inorganic and organic phosphates, more preferably from dihydrogen phosphates, hydrogen phosphates, polyphosphates and / or combinations thereof, and even more preferably from ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate and / or combinations thereof. Particularly preferably, at least one flame protection agent is polyphosphoric acid and / or polyphosphate, and most preferably, ammonium polyphosphate.

[0049] Organic phosphorus compounds are preferably ammonium salts of organic phosphorus compounds.

[0050] Nitrogen compounds are preferably selected from inorganic nitrogen compounds, organic nitrogen compounds and / or combinations thereof, preferably from inorganic nitrogen compounds.

[0051] In addition, the wick according to the invention preferably comprises an inorganic sulfate, selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate. Preferably, the inorganic sulfate is selected from the group consisting of sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate or ammonium sulfate, more preferably, the inorganic sulfate is ammonium sulfate.

[0052] Even more preferably, the wick according to the invention contains inorganic sulfate, inorganic hydrogen sulfate and / or sulfuric acid. Preferably, the wick contains inorganic sulfate and / or inorganic hydrogen sulfate.

[0053] Preferably, the proportion of inorganic sulfate is 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight and more preferably 0.1 to 2.5% by weight, based on the total quantity. Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 31 / 113 11 / 21 of the wick.

[0054] According to an advantageous embodiment, the boron-free wick preferably comprises a) a wick material, wherein the wick material is selected from cotton, viscose, cellulose fibers, paper yarn, linen fiber yarn and / or combinations thereof; b) at least one primary flame protection agent; (c) at least one first additive, the first additive being selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer, or combinations thereof; and d) an inorganic sulfate, selected from the group, consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, potassium sulfate, and calcium sulfate.

[0055] In addition, the boron-free wick according to the invention comprises at least one first additive. The first additive may be selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, urea, a polymer or combinations thereof. Preferably, the at least one first additive is selected from ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate, more preferably the first additive is cerium nitrate.

[0056] If the first additive is a polymer, then the polymer is preferably an organic polymer. Preferably, the organic polymer is a polyethylene glycol, a polyacrylate or a vinyl-based polymer. The polymers may be homo- or copolymers and may contain other monomers, such as, for example, one- or two-times unsaturated monomers, such as ethylene, propylene and / or butadiene.

[0057] The polymer can also be multivalent, the polymer is Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 32 / 113 12 / 21 preferably di-, tri- and / or tetravalent.

[0058] Preferably, the proportion of the first additive is from 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 4.0% by weight and most preferably from 0.1 to 2.5% by weight, based on the total quantity of the wick.

[0059] According to an advantageous embodiment, the boron-free wick preferably comprises a) a wick material, wherein the wick material is selected from cotton, viscose, cellulose fibers, paper yarn, linen fiber yarn and / or combinations thereof; b) at least one primary flame protection agent; (c) at least one first additive, wherein the first additive is selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer or combinations thereof, wherein the proportion of the first additive is from 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 4.0% by weight and more preferably from 0.1 to 2.5% by weight, based on the total quantity of the wick; and (d) optionally an inorganic sulfate, selected from the group, consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate, preferably the proportion of inorganic sulfate being from 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight and more preferably from 0.1 to 2.5% by weight, based on the total quantity of the soaking solution.

[0060] According to another embodiment, the wick comprises a second flame-retardant agent, which may be selected from the flame-retardant agents mentioned above. The at least one first and second flame-retardant agent, in this case, are different from each other. Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 33 / 113 13 / 21

[0061] Preferably, the boron-free wick contains a second additive, wherein the second additive is an inorganic nitrate, preferably the second additive is selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate, wherein the second additive is different from the first additive. More preferably, the second additive is ammonium nitrate.

[0062] According to a preferred embodiment, at least one first additive is cerium nitrate and the second additive is ammonium nitrate.

[0063] Furthermore, preferably, the wick according to the invention contains a third additive. Preferably, the third additive is selected from the group consisting of magnesium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, urea, sulfur, organic sulfur compounds, inorganic sulfur compounds and / or combinations thereof, more preferably selected from the group consisting of sulfur, organic sulfur compounds and inorganic sulfur compounds, and even more preferably the third additive is sulfur.

[0064] The wick according to the invention may also contain other additives.

[0065] According to an advantageous embodiment, the boron-free wick preferably comprises a) a wick material, wherein the wick material is selected from cotton, viscose, cellulose fibers, paper yarn, linen fiber yarn and / or combinations thereof; b) at least one primary flame protection agent; (c) at least one first additive, the first additive being selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer, or combinations thereof; and Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 34 / 113 14 / 21 (d) an inorganic sulfate, selected from the group, consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate, preferably the proportion of inorganic sulfate being from 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 5% by weight and more preferably from 0.1 to 2.5% by weight, based on the total amount of the soaking solution.

[0066] The wick according to the invention may further comprise a wick wax. The wick wax is applied regularly after impregnation and drying on the outside of the wick.

[0067] Another object of the invention relates to a candle, comprising a wick according to the invention.

[0068] The information given above about the soaking solution according to the invention and about the wick according to the invention has correspondingly, where applicable, also applied to the candle according to the invention.

[0069] Candle in the sense of the invention is a candle material, comprising a wick.

[0070] Candle materials within the meaning of the invention are substances that are used as the main fuel in a candle. Candle materials are selected from the group consisting of paraffin, stearin of animal and / or vegetable origin, beeswax, palm wax, soy wax, fats of animal and / or vegetable origin and / or combinations thereof. The candle according to the invention can thus be produced from various candle materials.

[0071] In addition, the candle according to the invention may also contain additive substances, such as flavorings, colorants and / or combinations thereof.

[0072] The candle can have all the forms known to the specialist, in particular, lamp candle, pillar candle or stick candle. Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 35 / 113 15 / 21

[0073] Depending on the candle material used, the wick is selected according to the invention. The burning properties and the angle of curvature of the wick result from the interaction with the candle material used in each case.

[0074] Another object of the invention relates to a process for impregnating a wick with an imbibition solution, comprising the steps a) pass the wick through the soaking solution at a speed of at least 100 m / min, preferably at least 140 m / min and more preferably at least 180 m / min, with the wick remaining in the soaking solution for at least 0.5 seconds or more, preferably 0.7 seconds or more and most preferably 0.8 seconds or more, b) wind the soaked wick onto a drying device.

[0075] Through the process according to the invention, it is possible to soak the most diverse wick materials sufficiently with a soaking solution.

[0076] The process according to the invention allows for a longer residence time of the wick in the soaking solution. By this means, the soaking solution can penetrate the wick better and allows for better burning behavior. Furthermore, through the process according to the invention, the wick is prepared more carefully, i.e., soaked.

[0077] Furthermore, preferably the passage speed in step a) is at most 250 m / min, preferably at most 225 m / min and most preferably at most 200 m / min. Preferably, the passage speed is 190 m / min.

[0078] Preferably, the wick tension in step a) is 0.1 kg a 3.0 kg, more preferably 0.5 kg to 2.5 kg, and even more so Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, p. 36 / 113 16 / 21 preferred, 1.0 to 2.0 pounds.

[0079] Preferably, in stage b), the relative humidity of the air is between 5 and 25%, preferably between 10 and 20%, and most preferably between 10 and 15%.

[0080] The drying time in step b) is at least 1 hour, preferably at least 1.5 hours and more preferably at least 2 hours.

[0081] Preferably, following the drying step c), the wick is waxed. This ensures that the wick, during candle production, can be inserted into the candle material and that, when lit, it is immediately supplied with wax.

[0082] Furthermore, before step a), another step can be carried out. In this preceding step, the wick is braided.

[0083] Unless the wick is not directly waxed after drying step c), the prepared and dried wick is wound, after drying step c), onto a device, preferably a paper tube.

[0084] According to a preferred embodiment, in step a) the soaking solution is used. The above indications regarding the soaking solution according to the invention also apply to this preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention.

[0085] Another object of the invention relates to a process for impregnating a wick with the soaking solution according to the invention, comprising the steps a) passing the wick through a soaking solution according to the invention at a speed of at least 100 m / min, preferably at least 140 m / min and more preferably at least 180 m / min, and the residence time of the wick in the soaking solution is at least 0.5 seconds or more, Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, p. 37 / 113 17 / 21 preferably 0.7 seconds or more and more preferably 0.8 seconds or more; b) wind the soaked wick onto a drying device.

[0086] Through the process according to the invention, it is possible to sufficiently soak the most diverse wick materials with a soaking solution.

[0087] The process according to the invention allows for a prolonged immersion time of the wick in the soaking solution. By this means, the soaking solution can penetrate the wick better and allows for better burning behavior. Furthermore, through the process according to the invention, the wick is prepared more carefully, i.e., soaked.

[0088] Furthermore, preferably, the passage speed in step a) is at most 250 m / min, preferably at most 225 m / min and most preferably at most 200 m / min. Preferably, the passage speed is 190 m / min.

[0089] Preferably, the wick tension in step a) is 0.1 kg a 3.0 kg, more preferably 0.5 kg to 2.5 kg, and even more preferably 1.0 kg to 2.0 kg.

[0090] Preferably, in stage b), the relative humidity of the air is between 5 and 25%, preferably between 10 and 20%, and most preferably between 10 and 15%.

[0091] The drying time in step b) is at least 1 hour, preferably at least 1.5 hours and more preferably at least 2 hours.

[0092] Preferably, following the drying step c), the wick is waxed. This ensures that the wick, during candle production, can be inserted into the candle material and that, when lit, it is immediately supplied with wax. Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 38 / 113 18 / 21

[0093] Furthermore, before step a), another step can be carried out. In this preceding step, the wick is braided.

[0094] Unless the wick is not directly waxed after drying step c), the prepared and dried wick is wound, after drying step c), onto a device, preferably a paper tube.

[0095] According to a preferred embodiment, in step a) the soaking solution is used. The indications made above regarding the soaking solution according to the invention also apply to this preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention.

[0096] Other advantages of the invention result from the following description of preferred embodiments which, however, should in no way be understood as restrictive. All embodiments of the invention can be combined with each other within the scope of the invention. Execution examples Materials

[0097] Ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate were obtained by the company VWR (Germany).

[0098] Cerium nitrate was obtained by the company Thermofisher (Belgium).

[0099] Exolit AP420 and Exolit 855 were obtained by the company Clariant Produkte (Germany) GmbH.

[00100] BYK-154 was obtained by the company Krahn Chemie Deutschland GmbH.

[00101] EUCAM-Textil was obtained by the company Endotherm Brandschutz (Saarbrücken, Germany). Test execution Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 39 / 113 19 / 21

[00102] Eight soaking solutions were prepared according to the invention with the compositions shown in Table 1. All soaking solutions are aqueous solutions. Table 1: Boron-free soaking solutions for wicks Substances 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Water 250.0 g 250.0 g 250.0 g 250.0 g 250.0 g 250.0 g 250.0 g 250.0 g Exolit AP420 2.0 g 2.0 g 2.0 g 2.0 g 2.0 g 2.0 g -- -- -- Ammonium nitrate 10.0 g 7.0 g 1.5 g 10.0 g 10.0 g 10.0 g -- -- -- Ammonium sulfate 10.0 g 7.0 g 1.5 g 5.0 g 5.0 g 7.5 g -- -- -- Cerium nitrate 2.0 g 1.5 g 0.5 g 10.0 g 1.3 g 1.0 g -- 4.1 g -- EUCAM- Textile -- -- -- -- -- -- 150.0 g 312.5 g -- BYK-154 -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.0 g 4.1 g -- MgSO4 * 7 H2O -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.0 g 4.1 g -- Exolit 855 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 20.0 g

[00103] The wick material was immersed for about 1 second in the soaking solution according to the invention and then removed manually. The wicks were then dried by hanging them in ambient air overnight.

[00104] The wick wax was heated to 90°C and after it was completely melted, it was stirred. The wicks were inserted for about 2 seconds until no more air bubbles rose. Excess wax was removed manually.

[00105] The wicks obtained were then threaded onto raw candle pieces and cut straight with a spare.

[00106] The wick, which was prepared with a soaking solution according to example 1, was threaded into a piece of candle paper. Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 40 / 113 20 / 21 paraffin lamp and in a raw piece of candle lamp made from a mixture of paraffin / palm wax.

[00107] The wick, which was prepared with a soaking solution according to example 2, was threaded into a crude piece of paraffin candle luminaire.

[00108] The wick, which was prepared with a soaking solution according to example 3 and consisted of an unbleached wick thread, was threaded into a crude piece of paraffin candle luminaire.

[00109] The wick, which was prepared with a soaking solution according to example 4, was threaded into a crude piece of paraffin scented candle with a 10% fragrance ratio.

[00110] The wick, which was prepared with a soaking solution according to example 5, was threaded into a crude piece of paraffin pillar candle.

[00111] The wick, which was prepared with a soaking solution according to example 6, was threaded into a crude piece of paraffin pillar candle and into a crude piece of paraffin stick candle.

[00112] The wick, which was prepared with a soaking solution according to example 7, was threaded into a crude piece of stearin pillar candle.

[00113] The wick, which was prepared with a soaking solution according to example 8, was threaded into a stearin pillar candle blank and into a pillar candle blank with a stearin / palm wax mixture.

[00114] The wick, which was prepared with a soaking solution according to example 9, was threaded into a candle in the glass of a mixture of various natural waxes.

[00115] Burn tests were carried out on all the wicks, which were soaked with soaking solutions according to the invention in examples 1 to 9. Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, p. 41 / 113 21 / 21

[00116] For the burn tests, the ambient temperature was at least 15oC and no air current prevailed.

[00117] Burning behavior and wick curvature were reviewed 1 hour after ignition.

[00118] The burning behavior of all wicks was good and met the RAL-GZ 041 requirements. The wicks projected straight from the wax and had a curvature between 45° and 90°.

Claims

1. Boron-free wick, characterized in that it comprises a) a wick material, wherein the wick material is selected from cotton, viscose, cellulose fibers, paper yarn, linen fiber yarn and / or combinations thereof; b) at least one first flame protection agent; and c) at least one first additive, wherein the first additive is selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer or combinations thereof, wherein the proportion of the first additive is from 0.001 to 4.0% by weight based on the total quantity of the wick, and wherein the boron-free wick comprises an inorganic sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate; wherein the proportion of inorganic sulfate is from 0.001 to 10% by weight relative to the total quantity of the wick.

2. Boron-free wick according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one first additive is ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate, preferably cerium nitrate; and / or in that at least one first additive is an organic polymer; and / or in that the proportion of the first additive is from 0.01 to 4.0% by weight, and preferably 0.1 to 2.5% by weight, based on the total quantity of the wick.

3. Boron-free wick according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises Petition 870260047376, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 62 / 113 2 / 4 a second additive, wherein the second additive is an inorganic nitrate, preferably the second additive is selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate, wherein the second additive is different from the first additive; and / or wherein the second additive is ammonium nitrate, wherein the second additive is different from the first additive.

4. Boron-free wick according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the proportion of inorganic sulfate is from 0.01 to 5% by weight and preferably from 0.1 to 2.5% by weight, based on the total quantity of the wick.

5. Boron-free wick according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one flame-retardant agent is an inorganic substance containing phosphorus, preferably polyphosphoric acid and / or polyphosphate, more preferably ammonium polyphosphate.

6. Candle, characterized in that it comprises a wick as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. Candle according to claim 6, characterized in that the candle is produced from paraffin, stearin of animal and / or vegetable origin, beeswax, palm wax, soy wax, fats of animal or vegetable origin and / or combinations thereof.

8. Process for impregnating a wick with a boron-free soaking solution for a wick, wherein the soaking solution comprises a solvent, at least one flame protection agent, and at least one first additive, wherein the first additive is selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, cerium nitrate, a polymer or combinations thereof, Petition 870260047376, dated 19 / 05 / 2026, p.63 / 113 3 / 4 and wherein the proportion of a first additive to the boron-free soaking solution is from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total quantity of the soaking solution; the process being characterized in that it comprises the steps a) passing the wick through the soaking solution at a speed of at least 100 m / min, preferably 140 m / min and more preferably 180 m / min, wherein the residence time of the wick in the soaking solution is at least 0.5 seconds or more, preferably 0.7 seconds or more and most preferably 0.8 seconds or more, b) winding the soaked wick onto a drying device.

9. Process according to claim 8, characterized in that in step b) the relative humidity of the air is between 5 and 25%, preferably 10 and 20%, and more preferably between 10 and 15%.

10. Process according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that at least one first additive of the boron-free soaking solution is ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate, preferably cerium nitrate; and / or in that at least one first additive of the boron-free soaking solution is an organic polymer; and / or in that the solvent of the boron-free soaking solution is water.

11. Process according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the boron-free soaking solution comprises a second additive, wherein the second additive of the boron-free soaking solution is an inorganic nitrate, and the second additive is preferably selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate or cerium nitrate, wherein the second additive is different from the first additive; and / or wherein the second additive of the boron-free soaking solution is ammonium nitrate, wherein the second additive is different from the first additive.

12. Process according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the boron-free soaking solution comprises an inorganic sulfate, preferably an inorganic sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate; or wherein the boron-free soaking solution comprises an inorganic sulfate, preferably an inorganic sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, beryllium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate, the proportion of inorganic sulfate being from 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 9% by weight and more preferably 0.4 to 4.0% by weight, based on the total amount of the soaking solution.

13. Process according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that at least one flame-retardant agent of the boron-free soaking solution is an inorganic substance containing phosphorus, preferably polyphosphoric acid and / or polyphosphate, more preferably ammonium polyphosphate; and / or in that the proportion of the first additive of the boron-free soaking solution is 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 4.0% by weight, and more preferably 0.2 to 3.6% by weight, based on the total quantity of the soaking solution.