Process for producing a decorative panel, which includes applying a film onto a substrate by means of electrostatic charge

Abstract

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A DECORATIVE PANEL, WHICH INCLUDES APPLYING A FILM ONTO A SUBSTRATE BY MEANS OF ELECTROSTATIC CHARGE.The present invention relates to a process for producing a decorative panel, comprising applying a film (12) onto a support (14), which has the following process steps: a) providing a support (14) to be fitted with the film (12), b) providing a film (12), c) applying the film (12) to at least a partial region of the support (14), wherein d) the film (12), before application to the support (14), is electrostatically charged, wherein e) the support (14), before application of the film (12) onto the support (14), is electrostatically charged, wherein f) the electrostatic charging of the support (14) and the film (12) is carried out in such a way that the film (12) and the support (14) are charged in opposite electrostatic ways, g) introduction of locking means on the edges of the support (14), h) application of a decoration onto the support (14), before application of the film (12) onto the support (14) or application of a decoration about the film (12).

Description

1 / 18 “PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A DECORATIVE PANEL, WHICH INCLUDES APPLYING A FILM ONTO A SUPPORT BY MEANS OF ELECTROSTATIC CHARGE”

[001] The present invention relates to a process for producing a decorative panel, comprising applying a film onto a substrate. The present invention relates, in particular, to a process in which, during the production of a decorative panel, a film is laminated onto a substrate.

[002] The term decorative panel should be understood, in the context of the invention, as wall, ceiling, door or floor panels that feature a decoration applied to a backing board. In this case, decorative panels are used in multiple ways, both in the interior finishing of spaces and also to cover buildings, for example, in the construction of fairgrounds. One of the most frequent uses of decorative panels is as floor covering, for ceiling, wall or door coverings. In this case, decorative panels often feature a decoration and surface structure that should imitate a natural material.

[003] In the course of producing a decorative panel, it may be desirable, for example, to laminate a film onto a substrate. Subsequently, the substrate laminated with the film may still undergo other treatment steps or may remain as is.

[004] A disadvantage of the process known in the state of the art is that, after laminating a film onto a substrate, microbubble formation may eventually occur. These can, however, reduce the quality of the product and, for this reason, lead to waste.

[005] Laminating a film onto a substrate, for example, during the production of a decorative panel, therefore still offers, under certain circumstances, a potential for Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 8 / 54 2 / 18 improvement.

[006] It is therefore the task of the present invention to overcome, at least partially, a disadvantage of the prior art. In detail, the task of the present invention is to create a solution for an improved lamination of a film onto a substrate, for example, in the course of producing a decorative panel.

[007] This task is solved by a process for producing a decorative panel, which comprises applying a film onto a support with the characteristics according to claim 1. Preferred configurations of the invention are indicated in the secondary claims or in the description, and other characteristics described or shown in the secondary claims or in the description, individually or in any combination, may represent an object of the invention, unless the context clearly shows otherwise.

[008] The invention proposes a process for the production of a decorative panel, comprising the application of a film onto a substrate, which presents the following process steps:

[009] provide a support to be provided for the film,

[0010] provide a film, and

[0011] apply the film to at least a partial region of the support, where

[0012] the film, before application to the substrate, is electrostatically charged, and

[0013] the support, before the film is applied to the support, is electrostatically charged, and being that

[0014] the electrostatic charging of the support and the film is carried out in such a way that the film and the support are charged in opposite electrostatic ways,

[0015] introduction of locking means on the edge of the support, Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 9 / 54 3 / 18

[0016] application of a decoration on the support, before applying the film on the support or application of a decoration on the film.

[0017] Through a process of this type, it may be possible to enable an improved application of a film onto a support in the production process of a decorative panel.

[0018] The present process is particularly useful for applying a film onto a substrate. This type of process is also known as lamination and, in principle, can be used in multiple areas of application. However, it can be particularly advantageous when the described process is used in the production of a decorative panel.

[0019] The process comprises the following steps;

[0020] Firstly, according to process step a), a support is provided, which must be fitted with the film or onto which the film must be applied. The type of support is, in principle, not limited, provided that the support can serve as a base or substrate for the film. In other words, in principle, a support can be understood as any structure that serves as a base for a film to be laminated. For the production of a decorative panel, however, the support may be a support appropriate for this purpose. A support can then be understood as a layer that serves as a core or base layer in a finished panel, which may, in particular, be a natural material, such as, for example, a wood material, a fiber material or a material comprising a plastic. For example, the support may give a panel appropriate stability or contribute to it.In this case, the support can be, in particular, a support in the form of a plate or a support in the form of a board. For example, a support of this type can be made of plastic, and a support of this type can be... Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 10 / 54 4 / 18 formed by a pure plastic or a plastic material. A plastic material must, in this case, be a material that, in addition to pure plastic, may also contain other components, particularly filler materials, such as mineral or inorganic components.

[0021] Furthermore, the process comprises, according to process step b), the supply of a film, which must be applied to the substrate. The configuration of the film is, in principle, not limited and is particularly dependent on the use of the subsequent film or the composition of the film and the substrate. Preferably, the film may be made of a plastic, preferably a thermoplastic. For example, the film may be supplied by means of a feeding device, and the film may be guided, for example, using cylinders, to the substrate and over its surface.

[0022] Subsequently, according to process step c), the film is applied to at least a partial region of the substrate. Therefore, for example, the entire substrate, i.e., an entire surface of the substrate, may be coated with the film, or the substrate may be coated with the film only partially.

[0023] This can be achieved, for example, by the fact that the film, as described above, is guided onto the substrate and subsequently compressed onto the substrate by means of a cylinder, for example, under the use of increased temperature relative to ambient temperature (22 degrees C) and increased pressure relative to ambient pressure (1 bar). This process step can also be described as lamination and, in principle, can be carried out in a form to be selected. For example, in the context of the invention, wet lamination or dry lamination may be included, in which the lamination is carried out by means of a wet or dry laminating agent. For example, on the substrate, for example, on a decoration applied to the substrate, there may be Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 11 / 54 5 / 18 a layer of varnish is planned, which serves as a liquid laminating agent. But, in principle, a dry laminating agent is also possible.

[0024] As indicated above, thermal lamination is also included, carried out at high temperature and high pressure, but particularly without a laminating agent. The parameters, such as temperature and pressure, can, in this case, be selected by the technician in an understandable way, based on the materials of the substrate and the film.

[0025] Thermal lamination parameters are material-dependent. In principle, thermal lamination parameters, with regard to film and support material, in thermoplastic materials, should be selected in the greater range of the Vicat softening point, as well as lower than the melting point (in partially crystalline polymers), and even above the Tg, for example, in PET. When the thermal parameters have been optimized, only a small pressure is required. This is particularly true when the support and film are well matched to each other. Examples here include, for instance, for polypropylene a temperature of 140 to 155 degrees C and a pressure of 1 to 10 bar, or for PETG (glycol-modified PET), a temperature of 90 to 110 degrees C and a pressure of 1 to 10 bar.

[0026] When the substrate and the film are of different polymers, one should, in principle, work with adhesive and / or a bonding layer or hotmelt as a laminating agent. Coextruded thermoplastic functional layers, which have been firmly bonded to the substrate or film during production, are also conceivable as a bonding layer, such as, for example, EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer) or a grafted MAH (maleic acid anhydride graft polymer). The laminating parameters are then adjusted to Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 12 / 54 6 / 18 These functional layers exist between the film and the substrate. Examples of parameters include, for example, for EVA, a temperature of 70 degrees C to 100 degrees C, depending on the proportion of vinyl acetate in the EVA, and a pressure of 1 to 10 bar.

[0027] After this step, the film can be firmly fixed onto the substrate. Optionally, further treatment can be carried out, such as, for example, drying or hardening of the laminating agent or also of the film, when necessary.

[0028] In the process described, it is also foreseen that, according to process step d), the film is electrostatically charged before application to the substrate and that, according to process step e), the substrate is electrostatically charged before application of the film to the substrate. An electrostatic charge, in this case, can, in principle, occur as is known from the state of the art in other areas and is described in detail later.

[0029] However, in principle it is foreseen that the electrostatic charging of the support and the film is carried out in such a way that the film and the support are electrostatically charged in opposite ways. For example, the support may be negatively charged and the film may be positively charged, or conversely, the support may be positively charged and the film negatively charged.

[0030] This process step may allow for an electrostatic attraction between the substrate and the film. This allows for a particularly intimate bond, or when the substrate is fitted with the film over a large surface area.

[0031] The intimate attraction and adherence of the film to the substrate can thus make it possible to safely prevent or at least significantly reduce air inclusions compared to prior art processes. By preventing or reducing air inclusions, it can also be equally prevented or Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 13 / 54 7 / 18 at least significantly reduced, the formation of bubble formations, for example, in the form of microbubble formations. This allows for a particularly high surface quality, so that waste is reduced, or waste based on bubble formation is reduced or even completely prevented.

[0032] Furthermore, long-term stability can thus be improved. Because, due to the intimate adhesion of the film to the substrate before lamination, caused by the electrostatic charges of the substrate and film, lamination can also enable a particularly intimate adhesion of the film to the substrate. In this way, the risk of eventual delamination of the film from the substrate can be significantly reduced. For in a charge, possibly of identical polarity of the film and the substrate, the risk of repulsion, even after lamination, cannot be excluded. But now, according to the invention, precisely this can be prevented.

[0033] The advantages described above, resulting from a corresponding charge on the substrate and film, can be obtained by the process described here in a simple manner, even in existing film lamination systems. For the implementation of the described process, it is only necessary to provide devices for the electrostatic charging of the film and substrate, and existing systems can often be retrofitted.

[0034] Preferably, an electrostatic charge can occur in such a way that the film is positively charged and the substrate is negatively charged. It has been shown that processing film and substrate with this type of charge is possible without problems. Furthermore, in principle, but particularly efficiently according to the invention, this configuration can allow for a reduction in the amount of varnish applied, for example, as a laminating agent in wet lamination, such that, for example, it can... Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 14 / 54 8 / 18 it is possible, for example, to reduce the pressure by up to 40 g / m2, for example, down to 30 g / m2 or even below that. Furthermore, in principle, according to the invention, but particularly efficiently in this configuration, a reduction in calender pressure can be achieved, which can lead to a reduction in wear.

[0035] It may also be preferable that the film be charged to a value of > 50 V to < 150 V, preferably > 80 V to < 120 V, for example, 100 V. Alternatively or additionally, it may be preferable that the support be charged to a value of > -750 V to < -150 V, preferably > -600 V to < -400 V, for example, -500 V. These charge values ​​can be converted without problems, even using means obtained without problems for electrostatic charging. Furthermore, such an opposite charge enables particularly efficient intimate adhesion even over a large film surface on the plate and, in this case, allows for further treatment and transport of structural components without significantly negatively influencing these steps.

[0036] It may also be preferable that at least one of the support and the load be electrostatically discharged before the electrostatic charge. In this configuration, the advantages described previously can be achieved in a particularly safe and defined manner. For by an electrostatic charge, after an electrostatic discharge, it can be obtained that a particularly defined and homogeneous electrostatic charge is made possible, in a precisely defined range, since charge peaks can be prevented.

[0037] For example, a discharge can be carried out in a range from greater than 0 kV to less than or equal to 20 kV. In a particularly preferred manner, the film and the support, before an electrostatic charge, are discharged to a charge value of 0.

[0038] With reference to an electrostatic charge and a discharge Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 15 / 54 9 / 18 electrostatic, it may be further preferred that a device for producing electrostatic charges, for carrying out process step d) or e), has at least one of a bar, roller, brush or lip and an ion radiation device. Alternatively or additionally, it may be provided that a device for diverting electrostatic charges has at least one of a bar, roller, brush or lip or an ion radiation device made of an electrically conductive material.

[0039] For example, a device for the transfer or diversion of electrical charges or for the diversion of electrostatic charges may be formed as a bar that contacts the electrically conductive support and / or film and preferably has an extended arrangement substantially parallel to a surface of the film and / or support and aligned transversely to the direction of displacement of the film or support. Substantially parallel may mean a deviation or tolerance of <20%, particularly <10% of the distance from the surface of the bar to the surface of the film or support. In principle, the bar may be positioned above and / or below the surface to be charged. With such a configuration, large surfaces can also be discharged and charged in a homogeneous and defined manner.

[0040] Alternatively or additionally, it may be provided that the device for diverting electrostatic charges and / or producing electrostatic charges has at least one roller, brush or lip of a conductive material, which contacts the support and / or the film in an electrically conductive manner.

[0041] In a discharge, it may be provided that the corresponding device for diverting electric charges is connected to an electric mass potential. The electric mass potential may be made available by a ground connection. In a load, the device for Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 16 / 54 10 / 18 power supplies can be connected to a power source.

[0042] The bar, roller, brush or lip is preferably formed, at least in the contact region, with the varnish-containing coating layer, of a material with a conductivity >*103Sm-1.

[0043] It may also be provided that the charging and / or discharging device has an ionization device, whereby a jet of ionized air is guided over the surface of the film or substrate. Such a device may also be referred to as an ion jet device. It has been shown that the application of ionized air is appropriate for further reducing or increasing the electrostatic charge of the substrates.

[0044] In addition, it may be preferred that the support be made of a plastic. Particularly preferably, the support may have a material comprising a plastic and, optionally, other components. Plastics that may be used in the production of panels or corresponding supports are, for example, thermoplastic plastics such as polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins (e.g., polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyamides (P), polyurethanes (PU), polystyrene (PD), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or mixtures or copolymers thereof. The plastics may contain usual filler materials, for example, calcium carbonate (WHITE GLASS), aluminum oxide, silica gel, quartz flour, wood flour, gypsum. As is known, they may be colored.Preferably, the substrate may contain talc as a filler material, for example, in an amount, relative to the total substrate material, of > 30% by weight to < 70% by weight, particularly from > 40% by weight to < 60% by weight. Furthermore, the surface may be structured in such a way... Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 17 / 54 11 / 18 multilaminar, therefore in a plurality of films. In this case, the films may be the same or different from the films to be laminated.

[0045] These plastic supports are preferred in decorative panels for many applications and can also be charged and discharged electrostatically without problems, so the process, particularly in this configuration, can be carried out without problems.

[0046] With reference to the film, it may be preferable that it be made of plastic, for example, consist of it, or also have other components. More precisely, the film may have an acrylate-based plastic composition, particularly an acrylate plastic composition modified with polyurethane, the film having the plastic composition in a form that is at least partially, for example, completely, hardened, so that it is transportable for lamination and correspondingly treatable. A final hardening, optionally necessary, may optionally occur in a further step after lamination. This may be achieved, for example, by energy-rich, short-wave UV radiation and leads, in addition to the radical polymerization of the acrylate groups, to additional cross-linking of the monomers. In this way, the surface hardness is considerably increased.

[0047] In this way, it is advantageously obtained that the film is fully flexible and, at the same time, for many applications, for example, as a protective layer of a decorative panel, particularly good protective properties, such as stability, scratch resistance, heat stability, water stability and the like.

[0048] Preferably, the plastic composition of the film may contain a dipropylene glycol diacrylate, preferably in a Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 18 / 54 12 / 18 quantity of > 0 to < 15% by weight, with respect to the plastic composition and a reaction product of pentaerythrite, epichlorohydrin and acrylic acid, preferably in a quantity of > 2 to < 15% by weight, with respect to the plastic composition.

[0049] In addition, however, the film may also be structured by other plastics, particularly thermoplastics, such as, for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

[0050] Furthermore, it may be preferable that the application of the film onto the substrate be carried out as thermal lamination. This configuration can be particularly advantageous, since an additional laminating agent can be dispensed with. In this way, the process can be easy to carry out with respect to the periphery and can also be possible at low cost. Treatment under high temperature and high pressure can, in this case, be carried out without problems, particularly on plastic films, for example, as described above. Due to the electrostatic charge described above on the film and the substrate, a fixed and stable long-term bond between the substrate and the film can also be achieved, despite the absence of a laminating agent.

[0051] The process according to the invention for producing a decorative panel comprises the following other process steps:

[0052] g) introduction of locking means on the edges of the support, and

[0053] h) applying a decoration to the substrate before applying the film or applying a decoration over the film.

[0054] In this process, therefore, a film lamination described is used to form a decorative panel. In this case, the support can be, for example, a plastic support and the film, a plastic film, as described above.

[0055] For the formation of a decorative panel, locking means are provided on the edges of the support, for example, of Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 19 / 54 13 / 18 surrounding mode. This can preferably be achieved by working with trimming the edges of the support, as is known in principle from the state of the art. In this way, from a plurality of panels, in an equally known manner, a stable composition can be created as floor covering or ceiling covering or wall covering.

[0056] With reference to the panel structure, the film can be placed in various positions within the panel structure. For example, the film can serve as a decorative base, such that the film can be laminated directly onto the support material or another layer of the support, and the film can subsequently be given, for example, by means of a digital pressure process, a decoration that particularly imitates a decorative pattern. Furthermore, the film can be printed on before application to the support and thus serve as a decorative film. Therefore, the film can be given, particularly printed, a decoration.

[0057] Correspondingly, it may be foreseen that process step h) comprises printing on the substrate, before applying the film onto the substrate and / or process step h) comprises printing on the film before or after applying the film onto the substrate., before or after applying the film onto the substrate.

[0058]

[90048] It may be preferred when the film is used as a wear film. In this configuration, process step h) may therefore include printing on the substrate before applying the film. The printing on the substrate may again be done by means of a digital pressure process.

[0059] In the configuration of the film as a protective layer or wear layer, the film can serve as a protective layer and cover the decoration upwards, thus protecting the decoration and the support against external influences. Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 20 / 54 14 / 18

[0060] In this case, it can be predicted that the film serves as a wear-based layer and is endowed with haptics. For the protection of the applied decorative layer, generally, wear layers or topcoat layers are applied above the decorative layer. Often it is planned that these wear or topcoat layers contain a surface structure that imitates a decorative pattern, so that the surface of the decorative panel presents a haptically perceptible structure, which in its form and pattern is adapted to the applied decoration, in order to obtain a recreation as faithful as possible to the original of a natural material, also with regard to haptics.

[0061] For haptic application, it may be foreseen that another layer, which has a structure, is applied over the film. For this purpose, it may be preferred that, after the application of the film onto the substrate, the film is given a structured varnish layer or a topcoat containing varnish, therefore with a varnish layer, which is structured and hardened. The latter can be achieved, for example, by means of UV irradiation. Particularly, when the film and the varnish consist of the same material, configured as described above, in a hardening, for example, final hardening of the varnish, to fix the structure, a final hardening of the film can also be achieved. A structuring of the varnish can be achieved, for example, by a press or the printing of a displacement ink, wherein the varnish layer is partially hardened before the introduction of the structure.

[0062] Another film may also be laminated, particularly according to the process described above, which is then given a structure.

[0063] Alternatively, it may be foreseen that the film itself has a structure. This may, for example, be possible due to the fact Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 21 / 54 15 / 18 that the laminated film, after application onto the substrate, or that the film to be laminated, before application onto the substrate, is provided with a structure, for example, by means of stamping devices

[0064] In addition, it may be provided that the film and / or the covering layer, which contains varnish, has hard substances, preferably in an amount between > 5% by weight and < 40% by weight, hard substances preferably comprising an average grain diameter between 10 m and 250 m. Examples include titanium nitride, titanium carbide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, boron carbide, tungsten carbide, tantalum carbide, aluminum oxide (corundum), zirconium oxide, zirconium nitride or mixtures thereof.

[0065] With regard to other advantages and technical characteristics of the process for producing a decorative panel, reference is made to the description of the process for applying a film onto a substrate, the figure and the rest of the description.

[0066] The invention is explained in more detail below by means of a figure. Show

[0067] Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an arrangement for carrying out a process according to the invention.

[0068] Figure 1 shows an arrangement 10 by which a film 12 can be applied onto a support 14. For this purpose, a feeding device 16 is shown by means of which the film 12 can be supplied. The feeding device 16 comprises, for example, an inverting cylinder 18. Also shown is a conveying system 20 on which a plurality of plate-shaped supports 14 can be transported. The conveying system 20 comprises circulating tapes 24, guided by cylinders 22, on which the supports 14 are supported. Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 22 / 54 16 / 18

[0069] Calender cylinders 26, 28 are also shown, between which a cylinder gap can be formed. Support 14 runs over tapes 24 into cylinder slot 30, and film 12 is guided by calender cylinder 20 into cylinder slot 30 on support 14. In the view according to the figure, support 14 and film 12 run from right to left into cylinder slot 30. In cylinder slot 30, film 12 can be applied over supports 14. For this purpose, calender cylinders 26, 28, or at least calender cylinder 26, which is guiding film 12, can optionally be heated, and a compression pressure of film 12 on support 14 can be exerted by calender cylinders 26. In this way, film 12 can be applied over support 14, for example, by means of thermal lamination.However, it should be mentioned that, in principle, support 14 can also be heated, and that heating media of choice can be applied to heat support 14 and film 12.

[0070] Behind the calender cylinders 26, 28 or after the cylinder slot 20, the film 12 is fixedly connected to the support 14, in a thermal lamination.

[0071] When using a laminating agent, for example a varnish, it can be hardened by radiation unit 36, which emits, for example, UV radiation. In this way, the film 12, which before radiation unit 36 ​​is still only on the adhesive backing, after radiation unit 30 can adhere firmly to the backing 12. For example, radiation unit 36 ​​can be positioned in a region approximately 200 mm after the slit of cylinder 30.

[0072] Subsequently, other processing steps, such as applying a structured varnish layer over the film 12, may, in principle, follow surface structuring. Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 23 / 54 17 / 18 Before or after the cylinder slit 30, they can also be inserted on the edges of the support 14, for example, when the process is to be used in the production sector of a decorative panel. For example, in the latter case, a decoration can also be applied to the support 14, which can also occur before or after the cylinder slit 30.

[0073] To enable a particularly high-quality application of the film onto the support, a device 32 is also provided for applying electrostatic charges to the film 12 and a device 34 is also provided for applying electrostatic charges to the support 14. Devices 32, 34 are configured, for example, in each case, as a bar, which has an extended arrangement substantially parallel to a surface of the film 12 or the support 14, and aligned transversely to the direction of movement of the film 12 or the support 14.

[0074] Thus, it may be possible that film 12, before application onto support 14, is electrostatically charged and that support 14, before application of film 12 onto support 14, is electrostatically charged. More precisely, the electrostatic charging of support 14 and film 12 must occur in such a way that film 12 and support 14 are electrostatically charged in opposite polarity.

[0075] In detail, it may be provided that film 12 is positively charged and that support 14 is negatively charged, preferably film 12 is charged to a value of > 50V to < 159V and preferably support 14 is charged to a value of >- 750V to <-150V

[0076] No optional devices are shown by which it is possible for at least one of support 14 and film 12, for example, both support 14 and film 12 to be Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 24 / 54 18 / 18 electrostatically discharged before electrostatic charging. Reference listing: film support, feeding device, inverter cylinder, conveyor system, tape cylinder, calender cylinder, calender cylinder slot, device for applying electrostatic charges, device for applying electrostatic charges, radiation unit. Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 25 / 54

Claims

1 / 2 CLAIMS 1. Process for producing a decorative panel, comprising applying a film (12) onto a support (14), presenting the process steps: a) providing a support (14) to be fitted with the film (12), wherein the support (14) is made of plastic; b) providing a film (12); c) applying the film (12) onto at least a partial region of the support (14), wherein the support (14) is made of plastic; d) the film (12), before application onto the support (14), is electrostatically charged; e) the support (14), before application of the film (12) onto the support (14), is electrostatically charged; g) introducing locking means on the edges of the support (14);eh) apply a decoration on the support (14), before applying the film (12) on the support (14) or apply a decoration on the film (12), characterized in that f) the electrostatic charging of the support (14) and the film (12) is carried out in such a way that the film (12) and the support (14) are charged in opposite electrostatic ways, wherein the film (12) is positively charged for a range of > 50 V to < 150 V and the support (14) is negatively charged for a range of > -750 V to < -150 V.; 2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that a device (32, 34) for applying electrostatic charges, for carrying out process steps d) or e), has at least one of a bar, roller, brush, lip, at least partially formed of an electrically conductive material, and an ion radiation device. Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, page 26 / 54 2 / 2 3. Process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of the support (14) and the film (12) is electrostatically discharged before electrostatic charging.

4. Process according to claim 3, characterized in that a device for deflecting electrostatic charges has at least one of a bar, roller, brush, or lip, formed, at least partially, of an electrically conductive material, and an ion radiation device.

5. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the application of the film (12) onto the support (14) is carried out as thermal lamination or as wet lamination.

6. Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that process step h) comprises printing on the substrate (14), prior to applying the film (12) onto the substrate (14).

7. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that process step h) comprises printing the film (12), before or after applying the film (12) onto the substrate (14).

8. Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the film (12) is endowed with a structure.

9. Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that another layer is applied over the film (12), which is provided with a structure. Petition 870250089851, dated 02 / 10 / 2025, p. 27 / 54

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