LIQUID-LIQUID PHASE TRANSITION PROCESS AND GLYCOL POLYMER COMPOSITION

Abstract

LIQUID-LIQUID PHASE TRANSITION COMPOSITIONS AND PROCESSES. This application relates to liquid-liquid phase transition compositions and processes. In one embodiment, a liquid-liquid phase transition process comprises first forming a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water and then phase transitioning the composition at or above the cloud point temperature of the composition to form at least two liquid phases. The liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy may exceed 5 kJ per kg, as measured by a calorimeter, and each liquid phase may have unique and advantageous properties. In another embodiment, the application relates to compositions suitable for liquid-liquid phase transition compositions.

Description

1 / 174 “LIQUID-LIQUID PHASE TRANSITION PROCESS "AND GLYCOL POLYMER COMPOSITION" DESCRIPTIVE REPORT WITH REFERENCE TO RELATED REQUESTS

[0001] This Application claims priority over U.S. Interim Application 62 / 987,972 filed on March 11, 2020, which application is incorporated herein by reference. BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0002] This Application relates to compositions for liquid-liquid phase transition fluids. Embodiments include new classes of liquids and new liquid-liquid phenomena. Applications may include, but are not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: heat transfer, cooling transfer, refrigeration cycles, osmotic heat engines, HVAC, drilling fluids, oil and gas drilling, direct osmosis, osmotic-assisted reverse osmosis, osmotically assisted nanofiltration, osmotic processes, gas separation, separations, extractions, thermal storage, thermal transport, district heating or sensors.Desirable properties may include, but are not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: a large phase transition enthalpy, a phase transition enthalpy in the temperature range of an application, a large total heat capacity in the temperature range of an application, density difference between liquid phases, separability of liquid phases, low viscosity, or a reversible liquid-liquid phase transition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 179 / 372 2 / 174

[0003] FIG. 1 is the RC1 graph of all cycles for Composition #1. Tr is the composition temperature, Tj is the instrument jacket temperature, q hf is the heat flux, q rtc is the heat flux. The phase transition enthalpy of Composition #1 was fully reversible and repeatable. Composition #1 showed consistent phase transition enthalpy and specific heat capacity over 12 consecutive heating + cooling cycles, with no degradation and a standard deviation of less than 0.8% (within the expected noise range of the RC1 instrument). The heating phase transition enthalpies absorbed the same amount of heat that was released during the cooling phase transition enthalpies with a standard deviation of less than 0.8% (within the expected noise range of the RC1 instrument).

[0004] FIG. 2 is the RC1 graph of all cycles for Composition #2. Tr is the composition temperature, Tj is the instrument jacket temperature, q hf is the heat flux, q rtc is the heat flux. The phase transition enthalpy of Composition #2 was fully reversible and repeatable. Composition #2 showed consistent phase transition enthalpy and specific heat capacity over 12 consecutive heating + cooling cycles, with no degradation and less than 0.8% standard deviation (within the expected noise of the RC1 instrument). The heating phase transition enthalpies absorbed the same amount of heat that was released during the cooling phase transition enthalpies with a standard deviation of less than 0.8% (within the expected noise of the RC1 instrument).

[0005] FIG. 3 is the RC1 graph of a cycle for Composition #1. Tr is the composition temperature, Tj is the instrument jacket temperature, q hf is the heat flux, q rtc is the thermal flux. Tr represents the reactor temperature and Tj represents the jacket temperature, Tr and Tj reference the Y-axis labels on the left side ('Temperature'). q hf and q rtc represent the heat flux and thermal flux, respectively, and Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 180 / 372 3 / 174 are represented by the Y-axis labels on the right-hand side ('Heat flow')

[0006] FIG. 4 is the RC1 graph of a cycle for Composition #2. Tr is the composition temperature, Tj is the instrument jacket temperature, q is the heat flux, q rtc is the heat flux. Tr represents the reactor temperature and Tj represents the jacket temperature, Tr and Tj reference the Y-axis labels on the left ('Temperature'). q hf eq rtc represent the heat flux and thermal flux, respectively, and are represented by the Y-axis labels on the right ('Heat Flux'). DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example definitions

[0007] · Liquid-liquid phase transition: A “liquid-liquid phase transition” can encompass when a composition undergoes heat absorption (endothermic) or heat release (exothermic) while remaining in a liquid phase. One or more aspects or characteristics of the composition may change during a liquid-liquid phase transition, such as the number, or viscosity, or composition, or concentration, or distribution of one or more or a combination of liquid phases.

[0008] · Liquid-Liquid Phase Transition Reagent: A reagent that has a liquid-liquid phase transition in a binary solution comprising said reagent and a solvent reagent or water.

[0009] · Liquid-liquid phase transition composition: A composition that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition, or a liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, or a cloud point temperature, or a combination thereof.

[0010] · Organic Liquid Phase: By “organic liquid phase” is meant a liquid phase that forms at or above a cloud point of Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 181 / 372 4 / 174 liquid-liquid phase transition comprising a higher concentration of one or more or a combination of organic reagents than of water or a higher concentration of an organic liquid phase than another liquid phase of the same composition. For example, an organic liquid phase may comprise a concentration of one or more or a combination of organic reagents of at least 0.1%, or 1%, or 5%, or 10%, or 15%, or 20%, or 25%, or 30%, or 35%, or 40%, or 45%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70% higher than another liquid phase of the same composition. For example, an organic liquid phase may comprise a water concentration at least 0.1%, or 1%, or 5%, or 10%, or 15%, or 20%, or 25%, or 30%, or 35%, or 40%, or 45%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70% lower than another liquid phase of the same composition.

[0011] · Organic Reagent: A reagent comprising at least one carbon component. A reagent comprising a carbon-based substance.

[0012] · Water-based liquid phase: By “water-based liquid phase” is meant a liquid phase that forms at or above a liquid-liquid phase transition cloud point comprising a higher concentration of water than one or more or a combination of organic reagents or a higher concentration of water than another liquid phase of the same composition. For example, a water-based liquid phase may comprise a water concentration of at least 0.1%, or 1%, or 5%, or 10%, or 15%, or 20%, or 25%, or 30%, or 35%, or 40%, or 45%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70% higher than another liquid phase of the same composition above a cloud point. For example, an aqueous liquid phase may comprise a concentration of one or more, or a combination of, organic reagents that is at least 0.1%, or 1%, or 5%, or 10%, or 15%, or 20%, or 25%, or 30%, or 35%, or 40%, or 45%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70% lower than another liquid phase of the same composition above a cloud point. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 182 / 372 5 / 174

[0013] · Following reagent: A “following reagent” may comprise reagents that follow a liquid-liquid phase transition reagent or water during a cloud point in two or more liquid phases. Following reagents that ‘follow’ an organic liquid phase or a liquid phase comprising a liquid-liquid phase transition reagent during a cloud point in multiple liquid phases, said organic liquid phase or a liquid phase comprising a liquid-liquid phase transition reagent may comprise more than 50% of said ‘following reagent’ in composition. Following reagents that ‘follow’ a water liquid phase during a cloud point in multiple liquid phases, said water liquid phase may comprise more than 50% of said ‘following reagent’ in composition. In some cases, a following reagent may comprise a reagent without a liquid-liquid phase transition in a binary mixture with water and said following reagent.In some cases, a subsequent reagent may comprise a reagent with a liquid-liquid phase transition in a binary mixture with water and said subsequent reagent.

[0014] · Density Reducing Reagent: A reagent that can reduce the density of one or more liquid phases in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition while allowing the composition to retain a liquid-liquid phase transition, or one or more or a combination of other desired properties.

[0015] · Density Increasing Reagent: A reagent that can increase the density of one or more liquid phases in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition while allowing the composition to retain a liquid-liquid phase transition, or one or more or a combination of other desired properties.

[0016] · Phase transition type modifier: Phase transition modifiers are reagents that can adjust or alter one or more attributes or properties of a liquid phase transition solution. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 183 / 372 6 / 174 liquid. The aforementioned properties may include, but are not limited to, density or viscosity, or cloud point type, or cloud point temperature, or enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition range, or liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, or vapor pressure, or solubility. In some embodiments, it may be desirable for a Phase Transition Type Modifier to adjust or alter one or more attributes or properties while retaining one or more other desirable attributes.

[0017] · Particle count: The number of particles in a solution as measured by a laser particle counting method, where the solution is consistently mixed or turbulent. A particle count can determine the existence and / or formation of new phases, such as new liquid phases, in a liquid composition.

[0018] · Particle density: The number of particles in a solution per lmL, as measured by a laser particle counting method, where the solution is consistently mixed or turbulent. A particle count can determine the existence and / or formation of new phases, such as new liquid phases, in a liquid composition.

[0019] · Combined Cloud Point: By “combined cloud point” is meant a temperature at which a mixture of three or more different liquid substances begins to separate so that two phases appear and / or the mixture becomes cloudy. As used in this document, a combined cloud point of three or more different liquid substances is typically different from the cloud point of any combination of two of the three or more different liquid substances. That is, as an azeotrope, the mixture of three or more substances behaves differently with respect to cloud point than the respective binary mixtures of their individual components would predict. For example, two or more reagents do not Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 184 / 372 7 / 174 water can be combined in a composition with water, and the resulting solution may have a single cloud point temperature (“combined cloud point”) as opposed to either of the two cloud point temperatures based on potential binary combinations of their individual substances. Similarly, two or more non-solvent reagents can be combined in a composition with a solvent, and the resulting solution may have a single cloud point temperature (“combined cloud point”) as opposed to either of the two cloud point temperatures based on potential binary combinations of their individual substances. The two or more non-water or non-solvent reagents may exhibit a cloud point temperature different from either of the individual reagents in solution with water or solvent.

[0020] · Combined liquid-liquid phase transition: By “combined liquid-liquid phase transition” is meant a temperature at which a mixture of three or more different liquid substances absorbs heat or releases heat, or both, in a transitional liquid-liquid phase. As used in this document, a combined liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range of the three or more different liquid substances is typically different from the cloud point of any combination of two of the three or more different liquid substances. That is, as an azeotrope, the mixture of three or more substances behaves differently with respect to the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range than the respective binary mixtures of their individual components would predict.For example, two or more non-water reagents can be combined in a composition with water, and the resulting solution can possess a single liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range (“combined liquid-liquid phase transition”) as opposed to either of the two base liquid-liquid phase transition temperatures. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 185 / 372 8 / 174 in potential binary combinations of their individual substances. Similarly, two or more non-solvent reagents may be combined in a composition with a solvent, and the resulting solution may possess a single liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range (“combined liquid-liquid phase transition”) as opposed to either of two liquid-liquid phase transition temperatures based on potential binary combinations of their individual substances. The two or more non-water or non-solvent reagents may exhibit liquid-liquid phase transition temperatures different from either of the individual reagents in solution with water or solvent. In some cases, 'combined liquid-liquid phase transition' may be used interchangeably with 'combined cloud point'.

[0021] · Cloud point or Initial Cloud Point: The temperature or temperature range at which a sharp increase in the particle count in solution occurs. The temperature at which a liquid solution may exhibit significant formation of a new phase, which can be indicated by a particle count. It may be desirable for the solution to be mixed during the particle counting method.

[0022] · Liquid-Liquid Phase Transition Enthalpy: Total heat absorbed (endothermic) or released (exothermic) by a liquid-liquid phase transition composition. In some cases, it may comprise the total heat absorbed (endothermic) or released (exothermic) by a liquid-liquid phase transition composition over a defined temperature range.

[0023] · Enthalpy of the Liquid-Liquid Phase Transition Temperature Range: The temperature range in which heat is absorbed or released by a liquid-liquid phase transition in a solution in excess of the baseline specific heat capacity of said transition. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 186 / 372 9 / 174 solution.

[0024] · Initial Enthalpy of the Phase Transition Temperature Liquid-Liquid: The temperature at which heat begins to be absorbed or released by a liquid-liquid phase transition in a solution in excess of the baseline specific heat capacity of said solution.

[0025] · Peak Liquid-Liquid Phase Transition Enthalpy: The temperature at which a composition has the maximum effective specific heat capacity. Temperature or point at which the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy has the highest rate of heat absorption (endothermic) or heat release (exothermic). Temperature at which a liquid has the highest specific heat capacity or increase in specific heat capacity due to a liquid-liquid phase transition.

[0026] · Maximum Effective Specific Heat Capacity: The maximum effective specific heat capacity of a composition.

[0027] · Baseline Specific Heat Capacity: Baseline specific heat capacity comprises the specific heat capacity of the solution when it is not undergoing a liquid-liquid phase transition. Baseline specific heat capacity may comprise the aggregate specific heat capacity of the individual isolated reagents, calculated by multiplying the specific heat capacity of each reagent by the respective decimal weight percent concentration of each reagent in the composition and adding the resulting calculated values.

[0028] · Reversibility: In some compositions, reversibility may involve a liquid with a phase transition enthalpy that absorbs a quantity of heat when heated by a certain amount. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 187 / 372 10 / 174 temperature and releases approximately the same amount of heat when cooled within the same temperature range. In some compositions, reversibility may involve a composition capable of forming a Phase B from a Phase A by altering a parameter, such as temperature or concentration, then returning said composition to Phase A by returning said parameter to its previous level.

[0029] · Viscosity Reducing Reagent: A reagent that can reduce the dynamic viscosity of one or more liquid phases in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition while allowing the composition to retain a liquid-liquid phase transition, or one or more or a combination of other desired properties.

[0030] · Viscosity Increasing Reagent: A reagent that can increase the dynamic viscosity of one or more liquid phases in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition while allowing the composition to retain a liquid-liquid phase transition, or one or more or a combination of other desired properties.

[0031] · Density-Reducing Reagent: A density-reducing reagent may comprise reagents that can be employed to reduce the density of a liquid phase. For example, density-reducing reagents may involve reagents that are added to reduce the density of a liquid phase in a composition that has a liquid-liquid phase transition while allowing a liquid-liquid phase transition composition to maintain a high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, such as a liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy greater than 2.5 kJ / kg. For example, density-reducing reagents may involve reagents that are added to reduce the density of a liquid phase and may have an affinity for one of two or more liquid phases resulting from a liquid-liquid phase transition at or above a temperature of Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 188 / 372 11 / 174 cloud point. Affinity for a liquid phase can be defined as a reagent in which greater than 10% by weight, or 20% by weight, or 30% by weight, or 40% by weight, or 50% by weight, or 60% by weight, or 70% by weight, or 80% by weight, or 90% by weight, or 95% by weight of said reagent in a liquid-liquid phase transition solution is in one of two or more existing liquid phases above a cloud point temperature. Affinity for a liquid phase can be defined as a reagent in which more than 50% by weight, or 60% by weight, or 70% by weight, or 80% by weight, or 90% by weight, or 95% by weight of said reagent in a liquid-liquid phase transition solution is in one of two or more existing liquid phases above a cloud point temperature.For example, methanol (density 0.792 g / mL) may have an affinity for water or a liquid phase comprising more than 50% by weight of water in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising glycol polymer and water above a cloud point temperature. For example, 2-butoxyethanol (density 0.9 g / mL) may have an affinity for glycol polymer or a liquid phase comprising glycol polymer in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising glycol polymer and water above a cloud point temperature.

[0032] · Density Increasing Reagent: A density increasing reagent may comprise reagents that can be employed to increase the density of a liquid phase. For example, density increasing reagents may involve reagents that are added to increase the density of a liquid phase in a composition that has a liquid-liquid phase transition while allowing a liquid-liquid phase transition composition to maintain a high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, such as a liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy greater than 2.5 kJ / kg. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 189 / 372 12 / 174 For example, density-increasing reagents may involve reagents that are added to increase the density of a liquid phase and may have affinity for one of two or more liquid phases resulting from a liquid-liquid phase transition at or above a cloud point temperature. Affinity for a liquid phase can be defined as a reagent in which more than 10% by weight, or 20% by weight, or 30% by weight, or 40% by weight, or 50% by weight, or 60% by weight, or 70% by weight, or 80% by weight, or 90% by weight, or 95% by weight of said reagent in a liquid-liquid phase transition solution is in one of two or more existing liquid phases above a cloud point temperature. Affinity for a liquid phase may be defined as a reagent in which more than 50% by weight, or 60% by weight, or 70% by weight, or 80% by weight, or 90% by weight, or 95% by weight of said reagent in a liquid-liquid phase transition solution is in one of two or more existing liquid phases above a cloud point temperature. For example, dipotassium phosphate (density 2.44 g / mL) may have affinity for water or a liquid phase comprising more than 50% by weight of water in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising glycol polymer and water above a cloud point temperature.For example, propylene carbonate (density 1.2 g / mL) may have an affinity for glycol polymer or a liquid phase comprising glycol polymer in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising glycol polymer and water above a cloud point temperature.

[0033] · Solvent Reagent: A liquid substance capable of dissolving or dispersing one or more other substances. In some embodiments, a reagent comprising the highest percentage concentration by weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the solvent reagent may comprise water. In some embodiments, the solvent reagent may comprise a low molecular weight organic, such as methanol or CC, Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 190 / 372 13 / 174 or a low molecular weight inorganic substance, such as ammonia or sulfur dioxide.

[0034] · Non-water reagent: A reagent that is not water.

[0035] · Combined Single Liquid Phase Solution: A single liquid phase solution comprising the entire composition. A solution comprising the reagents of a liquid-liquid phase transition composition or the liquid-liquid phase transition composition dissolved together in a single liquid phase. • Separated in a non-contiguous manner: 'Separated in a non-contiguous manner' can include when a liquid phase is isolated and not in physical contact with other liquid phases.

[0036] Some disclosed embodiments refer to liquid-liquid phase transition compositions with a reversible phase transition enthalpy occurring over a temperature range. Liquid-liquid phase transition compositions may have a cloud point at a particular temperature, which may be defined as a temperature at which the particle count or particle density of a liquid solution changes due to a change in temperature. In some liquid-liquid phase transition compositions introduced herein, the cloud point temperature may comprise a narrow portion or narrow range of the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy. For example, the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy may occur over a wider or different temperature range than the cloud point temperature.For example, more than 50%, or 60%, or 70%, or 80%, or 90% of an enthalpy in the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range may be outside the cloud point temperature. For example, more than 50%, or 60%, or 70%, or 80%, or 90% of the heat absorbed or released in an enthalpy in the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range may occur outside the cloud point temperature. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 191 / 372 14 / 174 cloud point.

[0037] In the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range enthalpy, some embodiments of the liquid-liquid phase transition compositions introduced herein may exhibit reversible liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpies, even if heated and cooled through only a portion of a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range enthalpy. For example, if the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range enthalpy is 5 °C to 17 °C, the composition may be heated from 6.67 °C to 12.78 °C and then cooled from 12.78 °C to 6.67 °C, and the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy during said heating may be similar and opposite to the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy during said cooling.For example, if the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range is 5 °C to 17 °C, the composition can be heated from 8 °C to 10 °C and then cooled from 10 °C to 8 °C, and the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy during said heating can be similar and opposite to the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy during said cooling. For example, if the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range is 5 °C to 17 °C, the composition can be heated from 5.5 °C to 7 °C and then cooled from 7 °C to 5.5 °C, and the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy during said heating can be similar and opposite to the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy during said cooling.For example, if the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range is 5 °C to 17 °C, the composition can be heated from 13 °C to 15 °C and then cooled from 15 °C to 13 °C, and the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy during said heating can be similar and opposite to the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy during said cooling. For example, if the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range is 5 °C to 17 °C, the composition can be heated from 15 °C to 17 °C and then cooled from 17 °C to 17 °C. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 192 / 372 15 / 174 °C to 15 °C, and the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy during said heating may be similar and opposite to the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy during said cooling. For example, if the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range is 5 °C to 17 °C, the composition may be heated from 5 °C to 7 °C and then cooled from 7 °C to 5 °C, and the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy during said heating may be similar and opposite to the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy during said cooling.

[0038] In some compositions, it has been found that the phase transition enthalpy can be extended or reduced by adjusting the concentration of one or more reagents. For example, the temperature range of a liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy of polypropylene glycol2000 increases with water concentration from about 0.01% by weight to about 35% by weight, with the highest liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy generally occurring in the range of 20 to 30% by weight. For example, the presence of some organic reagents, such as glycol ethers or diethylene glycol hexyl ether, can narrow the temperature range of the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy or can allow a greater proportion of a liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy to occur at a lower temperature, or both.Note that, in some compositions, concentrations greater than 35% by weight of a glycol polymer may result in a higher enthalpy temperature range for the liquid-liquid phase transition than concentrations below 35% by weight of a glycol polymer.

[0039] The cloud point temperature may be practically distinct from the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy temperature, or the peak liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, or both. In key cases, a significant difference in temperature between the peak phase transition enthalpy Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 193 / 372 16 / 174 liquid-liquid and the cloud point temperature may be indicative of the presence of a high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy. In some cases, a composition with a peak liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy different from a cloud point temperature can be formed by employing a concentration of a liquid-liquid phase transition reagent such that the composition has a multiliquid phase for multiliquid phase transition. In some cases, a composition with a peak liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy different from a cloud point temperature can be formed by employing a concentration of a liquid-liquid phase transition reagent such that the composition has a multiliquid phase for multiliquid phase transition.In some cases, a composition with a peak liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy different from a cloud point temperature can be formed by employing a concentration of a liquid-liquid phase transition reagent such that the composition has a multiliquid phase state below the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range, or below a cloud point temperature, or a combination thereof.In some cases, it may be desirable to employ a phase transition type modifier to allow a liquid-liquid phase transition composition to have a single liquid phase below the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range, or below a cloud point temperature, or a combination thereof, while having a higher liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy achieved by a peak liquid-liquid phase transition temperature enthalpy distinct from a cloud point temperature.

[0040] For example, during heating from 0 °C to 30 °C, the cloud point temperature of a solution was 4.7 °C based on a particle counting method. Notably, according to measurements from an RC1 calorimeter, during heating from 0 °C to 30 Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 194 / 372 At 17 / 174 °C, the peak enthalpy of phase transition of the same solution is 12.51 °C, or a temperature 7.81 °K different from the cloud point temperature. Furthermore, the enthalpy of phase transition was not detectable until at least 5.3 °C, or a temperature 0.6 °K different from the cloud point temperature. The average specific heat capacity of the solution from 5.5 °C to 15.5 °C was 7.42 J / g °C, or 177% of the specific heat capacity of water or 190% of the baseline specific heat capacity of 3.9 J / g °C. In the present example, more than 90% of the heat absorbed in the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy during heating from 0 °C to 30 °C occurred at a temperature different from the cloud point temperature.

[0041] Some liquid-liquid phase transition compositions may possess multiple liquid phases below the cloud point temperature. Having more than one liquid phase below a cloud point temperature can present challenges in some applications. For example, in thermal storage, a multi-liquid phase liquid below a cloud point temperature can result in challenges in separating or storing liquid phases of the composition with different temperatures or states, especially if the liquid phases are stored or separated by density gradients.For example, in heat transfer, the rate of heat transfer by convection, or increase in the rate of heat transfer by convection, of a composition with multiple liquid phases below a cloud point temperature may be less than the rate of heat transfer by convection of a composition with a single liquid phase and a cloud point temperature due, for example, to greater potential mass transfer, or mass movement during a cloud point. Some embodiments may refer to the transformation of compositions with multiple liquid phases below a cloud point temperature into compositions that have a single liquid phase below a cloud point temperature. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 195 / 372 18 / 174 cloudiness.

[0042] For example, Polypropylene Glycol 2700 + Water has multiple liquid phases or a mixture of multiliquid phases below its cloud point temperature. The introduction of certain glycol ethers into the composition allows the aforementioned compositions to have a single liquid phase solution below a cloud point temperature and a multiliquid phase solution above a cloud point temperature.For example, the introduction of at least one part of diethylene glycol hexyl ether to a Polypropylene Glycol 2000 + Water composition transforms the composition into one with a single liquid phase below a cloud point temperature and a multiliquid phase mixture above a cloud point temperature and / or where the composition exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy greater than 2.5 kJ / kg, or greater than 5 kJ / kg, or greater than 7.5 kJ / kg, or greater than 10 kJ / kg, or greater than 12.5 kJ / kg, or greater than 15 kJ / kg, or greater than 17.5 kJ / kg, or greater than 20 kJ / kg.

[0043] This document discloses the existence of a common cloud point in certain mixtures of three or more components. By “combined cloud point” is meant a temperature at which a mixture of three or more different liquid substances begins to separate into phases, so that two phases appear and the mixture becomes cloudy. As used in this document, a combined cloud point of the three or more different liquid substances is typically different from the cloud point of any combination of two of the three or more different liquid substances. That is, as an azeotrope, the mixture of three or more substances behaves differently with respect to cloud point than the respective binary mixtures of their individual components would predict. For example, two or more non-water reagents can be combined into a Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 196 / 372 19 / 174 A composition with water and the resulting solution may have a single cloud point temperature (“combined cloud point”) as opposed to either of the two cloud point temperatures based on potential binary combinations of its individual substances. Similarly, two or more non-solvent reagents may be combined in a composition with a solvent, and the resulting solution may have a single cloud point temperature (“combined cloud point”) as opposed to either of the two cloud point temperatures based on potential binary combinations of its individual substances. The two or more non-water or non-solvent reagents may exhibit a cloud point temperature different from either of the individual reagents in solution with water or solvent. Some common cloud points are in a temperature range between the cloud point temperatures of two or more non-water reagents.Some common cloud points are similar to azeotropes, as the common cloud point is higher than the cloud points of the respective binary mixtures of its individual components (it may resemble a negative azeotrope). Some common cloud points are similar to azeotropes, as the common cloud point is higher than the cloud points of the respective binary mixtures of its individual components (it may resemble a positive azeotrope).

[0044] 'Common cloud points' have been demonstrated with glycol polymers, including, but not limited to, polypropylene glycol, or PEG and PPG block copolymers, or PEG and PG block copolymers, or PEG, polyethylene glycol ethers, polypropylene glycol ethers; blended with certain glycol ethers and esters. Examples of glycol ethers and esters may include, but not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: diethylene glycol ether, or diethylene glycol ethyl ether, or diethylene glycol hexyl ether, or diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, or diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, or monohexyl ether Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 197 / 372 20 / 174 diethylene glycol, or diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, or diethylene glycol mono-N-butyl ether, or diethylene glycol mono-N-butyl ether acetate, or diethylene glycol N-butyl ether, or diethylene glycol N-butyl ether acetate, or diethylene glycol phenyl ether, or diisobutyl ketone, or dioctyl sulfosuccinate, or dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, or dipropylene glycol methyl ether, or dipropylene glycol methyl ether acetate, or dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, or dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, or dipropylene glycol mono-N-butyl ether, or dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, or dipropylene glycol N-butyl ether, or dipropylene glycol N-propyl ether, or ether phenyl dipropylene glycol or Eo / Po block polyether or ethylene glycol monophenyl ether or ethylene glycol hexyl ether or ethylene glycol isopropyl ether, or ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, or ethylene glycol monoethyl ether,or ethylene glycol monohexyl ether, or ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, or ethylene glycol mono-N-butyl ether, or ethylene glycol mono-N-butyl ether acetate, or ethylene glycol monopropyl ether, or ethylene glycol N-butyl ether acetate, or ethylene glycol phenyl ether, or ethylene glycol propyl ether, or glycol ether coalescent, or heptoxyethylene dodecyl ether, or phenyl ether of mono and diethylene glycol, or natural vegetable oil polyether, or N-butyl propionate, or N-pentyl propionate, or poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) alpha-phenyl-omega-hydroxy, or propylene glycol diacetate, or propylene glycol methyl ether, or propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, or ether monomethyl propylene glycol, or propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, or propylene glycol mono-N-butyl ether, or propylene glycol mono-N-propyl ether, or propylene glycol monopropyl etheror propylene glycol N-butyl ether, or propylene glycol N-propyl ether, or propylene glycol phenyl ether, or triethylene glycol monobutyl ether, or tripropylene glycol methyl ether, or tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, or tripropylene glycol mono-N-butyl ether, alkylphenol polyether, or branched secondary alcohol polyester. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 198 / 372 21 / 174

[0045] It is important to note that glycol ethers must be carefully selected and combined with each glycol polymer at the appropriate concentration relative to the glycol polymer and water. The combination of most glycol ethers with most glycol polymers will generally not produce a composition with a common cloud point in water.

[0046] It is important to note that glycol esters must be carefully selected and combined with each glycol polymer at the appropriate concentration relative to the glycol polymer and water. The combination of most glycol esters with most glycol polymers will generally not produce a composition with a common cloud point in water.

[0047] In some embodiments, it may be desirable to be able to adjust the density of one or more liquid phases in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition, while allowing the resulting 'adjusted' liquid-liquid phase transition to retain advantageous properties, such as a high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy. For example, it may be desirable to adjust the density of one or more liquid phases in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition to facilitate liquid phase separation. For example, liquid phase separation may be particularly useful in the inclusion, but not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: thermal storage, or heat transfer, or long-distance heat transfer, or temperature-independent thermal storage, or storage in density tanks with density gradients, or extractions, or separations, or liquid-phase-only refrigeration cycles.Increasing the density difference between liquid phases can facilitate separations. Increasing the density difference between liquid phases in a liquid-liquid transition phase can increase the rate of heat transfer. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 199 / 372 22 / 174 convection or enhancement of heat transfer when, for example, liquid-liquid phase transition liquids are employed in a heat transfer application where temperatures overlap with a cloud point temperature.

[0048] For example, glycol polymers and glycol ether polymers generally have densities greater than or approximately equal to the density of water. For example, polypropylene glycols generally have densities of 1–1.02 g / mL at 20 °C. For example, polyethylene glycols generally have densities greater than 1.02 g / mL at 20 °C. Polyethylene glycol and other glycol polymers with densities greater than water can be difficult to separate or layer due to their limited density difference relative to aqueous solutions with salts or sugar alcohols or other reagents of relatively high density. Polyethylene glycols can be difficult to separate or layer due to their limited density difference relative to water.Altering the density of a liquid phase while maintaining a high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is not possible with most water-soluble or organically soluble reagents, as both significantly reduce or practically eliminate the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy of a composition.

[0049] Some embodiments relate to compositions for modifying or adjusting the density of glycol polymer and glycol ether-based liquid-liquid phase transition fluids. Specifically, some embodiments refer to compositions with reduced density of an organic liquid phase in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition or increased density of an organic liquid phase in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition, or both, and / or compositions exhibiting a high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, which may include, but is not limited to, greater than 2.5 kJ / kg, or greater than 5 kJ / kg, or greater than 7.5 kJ / kg, or greater than 10 kJ / kg. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 200 / 372 23 / 174 kJ / kg, or greater than 12.5 kJ / kg, or greater than 15 kJ / kg, or greater than 17.5 kJ / kg, or greater than 20 kJ / kg. Reagents that reduce density while allowing a composition to exhibit high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy may be referred to as density-reducing reagents. Reagents that reduce density while allowing a composition to exhibit high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy may be referred to as density-increasing reagents. For example, some compositions may reduce the density of an organic phase comprising glycol polymer to be a lower density than an aqueous liquid phase comprising water, while maintaining the aforementioned high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy.For example, some compositions can increase the density of an organic phase comprising glycol polymer to be a higher density than an aqueous liquid phase comprising water, while maintaining said high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy. For example, some compositions can increase the density of an aqueous liquid phase comprising water to have a higher density than an organic phase comprising glycol polymer, while maintaining said high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy. For example, some compositions can reduce the density of an aqueous liquid phase comprising water to a lower density than an organic phase comprising glycol polymer, while maintaining said high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy.For example, some compositions may include glycol polymer or glycol polymer ethers mixed with a low-density organic reagent soluble in glycol polymers or glycol polymer ethers. For example, some compositions may include glycol polymer or glycol polymer ethers mixed with glycol ethers soluble in glycol polymers or glycol polymer ethers. For example, some compositions may include, but not limited to, compositions exhibiting a combined cloud point described in this document. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 201 / 372 24 / 174

[0050] Some embodiments relate to compositions for modifying or adjusting the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range, or cloud point temperature, or both, and / or while maintaining a composition exhibiting a liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy greater than 2.5 kJ / kg, or greater than 5 kJ / kg, or greater than 7.5 kJ / kg, or greater than 10 kJ / kg, or greater than 12.5 kJ / kg, or greater than 15 kJ / kg, or greater than 17.5 kJ / kg, or greater than 20 kJ / kg. In some embodiments, the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature or cloud point temperature can be adjusted by adjusting the concentration of reagents in an organic liquid phase. For example, in some embodiments, the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature or the cloud point temperature can be adjusted by adjusting the relative concentration of a glycol polymer or a glycol polymer ether with respect to the concentration of a glycol ether.For example, in some embodiments, the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature or the cloud point temperature can be adjusted by adjusting the relative concentration of a glycol polymer or a glycol polymer ether relative to the concentration of an ester or glycol ester. In some embodiments, the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature can be adjusted by adjusting the concentration of reactants in an aqueous liquid phase. For example, in some embodiments, the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature or the cloud point temperature can be adjusted by adjusting the concentration of a glycol polymer in the aqueous phase.For example, a liquid-liquid phase transition reagent might comprise polypropylene glycol, while the aqueous phase might comprise polyethylene glycol, wherein the concentration of polyethylene glycol might influence the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition or the cloud point temperature or both of the polypropylene glycol + water solution. Some glycol polymers or glycol polymer ethers can adjust the liquid-liquid phase transition properties of other glycol polymers, and some glycol polymers. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 202 / 372 25 / 174 or glycol polymer ethers remain in different liquid phases during a cloud point in two or more liquid phases. Some polypropylene glycols are insoluble in some polyethylene glycols and / or some polyethylene glycols or polyethylene glycol polymer ethers can adjust the cloud point temperature or enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range of polypropylene glycol + water compositions. For example, in some embodiments, the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature or cloud point temperature can be adjusted by adjusting the concentration of a sugar, sugar alcohol, a diol or ester, or aldehyde or ether. For example, maltose, or mannitol, or sucrose, or glucose, or fructose have shown the ability to adjust the cloud point temperature.In some embodiments, the aforementioned adjustment in the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature may be reversible, using, for example, a separation method or a membrane-based separation method. In some embodiments, the aforementioned adjustment in the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature may be intended to remain permanent. Similar reagents may be employed to adjust density or reduce viscosity or other applications described herein.

[0051] In some embodiments, it may be desirable to be able to adjust the viscosity of one or more liquid phases in a liquid-liquid phase transition composition, while allowing the resulting 'adjusted' liquid-liquid phase transition to retain advantageous properties, such as a high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy. Reducing the viscosity of a liquid phase can improve heat transfer performance, improve the heat transfer coefficient, minimize cavitation, avoid pumping challenges, reduce pumping energy consumption, allow for more cost-effective or lower or simpler separations, or a combination thereof. It may be desirable for viscosity-reducing reagents to reduce the viscosity of a liquid phase while allowing the composition of Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 203 / 372 26 / 174 liquid-liquid phase transition retain a high liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy while allowing the composition to continue to possess an enthalpy within the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range.

[0052] In some embodiments, it may be desirable to realize one or more or a combination of the desirable properties or features described in this document simultaneously with certain compositions or types of compositions disclosed in this document.

[0053] Low-temperature liquid-liquid phase transitions may include liquid-liquid phase transitions that can occur at relatively low temperatures. Relatively low temperatures may be defined as temperatures close to, equal to, or lower than ambient temperature (e.g., less than or equal to 50 °C, or less than or equal to 40 °C, or less than or equal to 35 °C, or less than or equal to 30 °C, or less than or equal to 25 °C).Examples of applications in relatively cool temperature ranges may include, but are not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: HVAC, cooling, thermal storage, heat transfer, chiller condenser-side heat exchanger, chiller evaporator-side heat exchanger, liquid-liquid phase transition-based chiller, liquid-liquid phase transition-based air conditioner, liquid-liquid phase transition-based heat pump, osmotic heat engines, forward osmosis, osmotically assisted reverse osmosis, gas separation. Desirable properties may include, but are not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: a large phase transition enthalpy, a phase transition enthalpy within the temperature range of an application, a large total heat capacity within the temperature range of an application, a low viscosity, or a reversible liquid-liquid phase transition.

[0054] High-temperature liquid-liquid phase transitions can Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 204 / 372 27 / 174 comprise liquid-liquid phase transitions that can occur at relatively high temperatures. Relatively high temperatures can be defined as temperatures close to, equal to, or greater than ambient temperature (e.g., greater than or equal to 25 °C, or greater than or equal to 30 °C, or greater than or equal to 35 °C, or greater than or equal to 40 °C, or greater than or equal to 45 °C, or greater than or equal to 50 °C, or greater than or equal to 55 °C, or greater than or equal to 60 °C, or greater than or equal to 70 °C, or greater than or equal to 80 °C, or greater than or equal to 90 °C, or greater than or equal to 100 °C).Example applications in relatively high temperature ranges may include, but are not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: HVAC, heating, district heating, thermal storage, heat transfer, liquid-liquid phase transition based heat pump, liquid-liquid phase transition based heater, osmotic heat engines, forward osmosis, osmotically assisted reverse osmosis, gas separation, heat supply, heat supply for absorption heat pump. Desirable properties may include, but are not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: a large phase transition enthalpy, a phase transition enthalpy in the temperature range of an application, a large total heat capacity in the temperature range of an application, a low viscosity, or a reversible liquid-liquid phase transition. High heat capacity in the temperature range of Applications:

[0055] In liquid-liquid phase transition solutions for heat transfer, there are two properties that can influence the specific heat capacity - baseline specific heat capacity and specific heat capacity increase due to liquid-liquid phase transition. Baseline specific heat capacity comprises the specific heat capacity of the solution when it is not undergoing a liquid-liquid phase transition. The Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 205 / 372 28 / 174 Increased specific heat capacity comprises the increase in effective specific heat capacity due to the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy over a specific temperature range in which the liquid-liquid phase transition occurs. Maximizing specific heat capacity or total heat capacity over a specific temperature range may involve maximizing or optimizing both baseline specific heat capacity and specific heat capacity increase.

[0056] Baseline specific heat capacity is important because total heat capacity involves both phase transition enthalpy and baseline specific heat capacity. Phase transition enthalpy, or increase in specific heat capacity, is important because it is the driving force behind the higher heat capacity, or large effective specific heat capacity, relative to water (or other conventional heat transfer liquids).

[0057] Maximizing baseline specific heat capacity may involve maximizing the concentration of reactants with a high baseline specific heat capacity. Among liquids, water generally has the highest baseline specific heat capacity at ambient temperature and pressure. In applications that may use water-based liquids, one objective may be to maximize the concentration of water (or another liquid with a high baseline specific heat capacity) without or while minimally sacrificing phase transition enthalpy or increasing specific heat capacity.

[0058] Maximizing the enthalpy of phase transition may involve the specific reagents employed and the concentration of those reagents.

[0059] Properties of Reagents and Concentration of Reagents Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, page 206 / 372 29 / 174

[0060] · Exploitation of novel liquid-liquid phenomena: The present invention introduces novel liquid-liquid phenomena that may allow for phase transition enthalpies of orders of magnitude greater than liquid-liquid phase transitions in the prior art.

[0061] · Liquid-liquid phase transitions from multiliquid phase to multiliquid phase

[0062] In some liquid-liquid phase transitions introduced herein, liquid-liquid phase transitions from multiliquid phases to multiliquid phases have significantly higher effective specific heat capacity and phase transition enthalpy.

[0063] In some liquid-liquid phase transitions introduced herein, liquid-liquid phase transitions from multiliquid phases to multiliquid phases showed significantly higher phase transition enthalpy than an initial liquid-liquid phase transition from a single liquid phase to a multiliquid phase at the same composition.

[0064] • Multi-step or multi-part liquid-liquid phase transitions

[0065] Some liquid-liquid phase transitions introduced herein occur in several stages or parts of the liquid-liquid phase transition. Each 'stage' or 'part' occurs within a specific temperature range and may be reversible by increasing or decreasing the temperature within that temperature range. Each 'stage' or 'part' may occur consecutively or sequentially during heating or cooling. Each 'stage' or 'part' may exhibit its own phase transition enthalpy. Each step or part may have a specific concentration of reactants in each liquid phase or ratio of reactants in each liquid phase, or it may involve the formation, combination, or disappearance of one or more liquid phases. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 207 / 372 30 / 174

[0066] · Wider temperature range liquid-liquid phase transitions

[0067] Some liquid-liquid phase transition compositions in the present invention are optimized to possess a wider temperature range liquid-liquid phase transition. In some liquid-liquid phase transitions, increasing the total temperature range of the liquid-liquid phase transition has been shown to increase the total enthalpy of the phase transition and increase the temperature range of specific heat capacity increase.

[0068] · Dehydrated, primarily non-water or organic phase

[0069] An indicator of some high enthalpy of liquid-liquid phase transitions is a low weight percent concentration of water in a primarily non-aqueous phase resulting from a final or near-final liquid-liquid phase transition step. A final or near-final liquid-liquid phase transition step may be a part of a liquid-liquid phase transition where the effective specific heat capacity is decreasing, or the effective specific heat capacity is approaching the baseline specific heat capacity, or the effective specific heat capacity is near the baseline specific heat capacity.

[0070] • Mutual phenomena and phase transition modifiers

[0071] The combination of certain glycol ethers with liquid-liquid phase transitions with certain polymers with liquid phase transitions results in a mutual depression or increase in the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, or cloud point temperature, or both. Glycol ethers and polymers that experience said mutual depression or mutual increase, or both, can “follow” each other between liquid phases and can be referred to as a point of Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 208 / 372 31 / 174 combined turbidity or combined liquid-liquid phase transition or both. Mutual depression at the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature may have similarities to azeotropes in liquid-gas phase transitions.

[0072] · Examples:

[0073] · PPG 425 + 2-Butoxyethanol + Water: The combination of PPG 425 and Butoxyethanol in certain proportions and concentrations can reduce the overall liquid-liquid phase transition temperature by more than 5 °C compared to the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of each reagent in a solution with water independently.

[0074] · PPG 2000 + Monohexyl Ether of Diethylene Glycol + Water: The combination of PPG 2000 and Monohexyl Ether of Diethylene Glycol in certain proportions and concentrations can reduce the overall liquid-liquid phase transition temperature by more than 5 °C compared to the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of each reagent in a solution with water independently. The presence of Monohexyl Ether of Diethylene Glycol can act as a phase transition type modifier because, for example, it can convert a multiliquid phase to a liquid-liquid phase transition from multiliquid phase to a single liquid phase to a liquid-liquid phase transition from multiliquid phase.

[0075] The combination of certain glycol ethers with liquid-liquid phase transitions with certain polymers with liquid phase transitions results in a mutual increase in the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature. The glycol ethers and polymers that experience said mutual increase in phase transition temperature can “follow” each other between liquid phases. The mutual increase in liquid-liquid phase transition temperature may have similarities to azeotropes in liquid-gas phase transitions. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 209 / 372 32 / 174

[0076] · Examples:

[0077] · 2-butoxyethanol + polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether + water. Polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether can 'follow' 2-butoxyethanol during the liquid-liquid phase transition to a multiliquid phase mixture, depending on the concentration and proportions of the reagents. Polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether can significantly increase the phase transition temperature of 2-butoxyethanol with small increases in the concentration of polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether. Advantageously, the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether is significantly higher than that of 2-butoxyethanol and water, so the concentration of polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether can be adjusted using a membrane-based process or other means, allowing easy adjustment of the phase transition temperature.Polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether can exist in various molecular weights, which may include, but are not limited to, less than, equal to, or greater than one or more of, or a combination of, the following: 250 g / mol, or 500 g / mol.

[0078] · 2-butoxyethanol + polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether + water. Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether can 'follow' 2-butoxyethanol during the liquid-liquid phase transition to a multiliquid phase mixture, depending on the concentration and proportions of the reagents. Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether can significantly increase the phase transition temperature of 2-butoxyethanol with small increases in the concentration of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether. Advantageously, the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether is significantly higher than that of 2-butoxyethanol and water, so the concentration of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether can be adjusted using a membrane-based process, allowing easy adjustment of the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature. Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether can exist in various molecular weights, which may include, but are not limited to, lower, Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 210 / 372 33 / 174 equal to or greater than one or more or a combination of the following: 350 g / mol, or 550 g / mol.

[0079] Reducing the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range: Combining certain reagents with a liquid-liquid phase transition reagent can decrease the temperature range of the liquid-liquid phase transition. For example, diethylene glycol monohexyl ether can decrease the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range when combined with PPG 2000 in water.

[0080] Modifying multiliquid-to-multiliquid-liquid phase transitions to obtain a single liquid-phase combined solution in a temperature range or at the end of the liquid-liquid phase transition: The combination of certain reagents with a liquid-liquid phase transition reagent can allow a multiliquid-to-multiliquid phase transition to have a temperature range in which a single liquid-phase combined solution can form. For example, 2-butoxyethanol when added to PPG 1000 + Water can allow a single liquid-phase combined solution at temperatures below the enthalpy temperature of the phase transition or near the low temperature range or initial part of the liquid-liquid phase transition.For example, diethylene glycol hexyl ether, when added to PPG 1000 + Water, or PPG 1200 + Water, or PPG 2000 + Water, can allow a combined single-phase liquid solution to form at temperatures below the phase transition enthalpy temperature or near the low-temperature range or initial part of the liquid-liquid phase transition.

[0081] Viscosity reduction:

[0082] • The viscosity of a predominantly organic or predominantly non-aqueous liquid phase can be reduced, for example, by introducing 'following' reagents of lower viscosity. By Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 211 / 372 34 / 174 For example, increasing the concentration of diethylene glycol monohexyl ether can reduce the viscosity of an organic liquid phase comprising PPG 1000, or PPG 1200, or PPG 2000, or a combination thereof, in, for example, a composition with water above the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of the composition. For example, increasing the concentration of propylene carbonate can reduce the viscosity of an organic liquid phase comprising PPG 1000, or PPG 1200, or PPG 2000, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, increasing the concentration of propylene carbonate can increase the density of an organic liquid phase comprising PPG 1000, or PPG 1200, or PPG 2000, or a combination thereof, in, for example, a composition with water above the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of the composition.

[0083] Widening the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range: Wider or longer temperature range liquid-liquid phase transitions can be advantageous as they can have higher phase transition enthalpies. Wider or longer temperature range liquid-liquid phase transitions can be advantageous as they can allow for a wider range of application temperatures with or without less need for liquid-liquid phase transition temperature adjustment as the application changes.

[0084] Adjust the overall phase transition temperature or phase transition temperature range to match or nearly match the temperature range required by the application.

[0085] • Minimal liquid-liquid phase transition after separation

[0086] • In some applications, it may be desirable for the liquid-liquid phase transition to be minimal after the constituent liquid phases are separated.

[0087] “For example, if a solution made the phase transition to Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 212 / 372 35 / 174 In a two-phase liquid solution following a liquid-liquid phase transition of LCST and above the LCST liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range, it may be desirable to separate said two liquid phases into two non-contiguous liquid phases. It may be desirable that said non-contiguous separated liquid phases do not undergo, or minimally undergo, a liquid-liquid phase transition or a liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy if said liquid phases are not in contact with each other and are cooled separately below the LCST temperature. Examples of applications for the present property may include, but are not limited to, liquid-phase-only refrigeration cycles, long-term thermal storage or district heating or thermal transport or osmotic power generation or osmotic processes or direct osmosis, or absorption refrigeration cycles, or refrigeration cycles.

[0088] Examples of liquid-liquid phase transition compositions possessing one or more or a combination of the above unique properties may be described in this document. Such compositions may exhibit such properties under certain concentrations, compositions, or conditions. Examples of chemicals may include, but are not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: PPG 1000, PPG 1200, PPG 2000, PPG 2700, Water, Polypropylene glycols, PEG-PPG-PEG polymers, PEG-ran-PG polymers, PPG-PEG-PPG polymers, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ethers, polyethylene glycol monomethyl ethers, 2-butoxyethanol, diethylene glycol monohexyl ether, propylene glycol propyl ether, various glycol ethers, propylene carbonate, glycerol, propylene glycol, various glycols, various glycol polymers, various glycol ether polymers, other reagents described herein, or phase transition modifiers. Below are specific examples of some liquid-liquid phase transition compositions and their potentially advantageous new properties under certain concentrations, compositions, or conditions. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 213 / 372 36 / 174 Table 1' PPG 2000 — Water: Effective average specific heat capacity (J / g°C) at 7 - 14°C PPG 2000 % by weight 7-13 °C 7-12 °C 8-12 °C 9-12 °C 10-12 °C 9-13 °C 10-13 °C 9-14 °C 10-14 °C 11-14 °C 12-14 °C 17.31% 5.36 5.11 5.24 5.51 5.87 6.36 6.12 6.04 6.36 6.84 6.89 19.23% 5.59 5.41 5.80 6.15 6.64 6.25 6.65 6.49 6.85 7.01 7.09 21.15% 5.96 5.78 6.07 6.38 6.47 6.67 6.62 6.57 6.67 6.61 6.98 23.08% 6.19 6.04 6.41 6.67 6.83 6.75 6.90 6.85 6.99 6.70 7.10 25% 6.35 6.41 6.67 6.66 6.83 6.87 6.63 6.75 6.87 7.04 7.13 26.90% 6.44 6.49 6.69 6.62 6.57 6.66 6.47 6.68 6.66 6.93 7.04 28.85% 6.21 6.15 6.36 6.44 6.36 6.65 6.41 6.65 6.65 6.72 6.80 Table 1 (above) shows the effective total specific heat capacity of solutions containing PPG 2000 and Deionized Water at various PPG 2000% by weight concentrations. Table 1 shows the average effective total specific heat capacity over various temperature ranges within a temperature range of 7-14 °C. The shaded cells in the table above have an effective specific heat capacity greater than or equal to 6.35 J / g °C. Table 2: PPG 2000 - Water: Effective average specific heat capacity (J / g°C) at 10 - 16°C PPG 2000 10- 14°C 11- 14°C 12- 14°C 12- 15°C 13- 15°C 12- 16°C 13- 16°C 14- 16°C 17.31% 6.36 6.84 6.90 6.98 7.14 6.93 7.04 7.10 19.23% 6.85 7.01 7.09 7.19 7.26 6.89 6.87 6.93 21.15% 6.67 6.61 6.98 6.94 6.91 6.72 6.64 6.50 23.08% 6.99 7.00 7.10 6.90 6.92 6.88 6.89 6.82 25% 6.87 7.04 7.13 7.06 6.90 6.92 6.76 7.01 26.90% 6.66 6.93 7.01 6.96 6.77 6.80 6.62 6.77 28.85% 6.65 6.72 6.80 6.70 6.86 6.48 6.53 6.5 Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 214 / 372 37 / 174 Table 2 (above)

[0089] Summary of Table 1 and Table 2: Table 1 and Table 2 show the effective specific heat capacity of solutions containing PPG 2000 and Deionized Water at various PPG 2000% by weight concentrations. The specific heat capacity was measured using an internally constructed digital mixing calorimeter. Table 1 shows the average effective total specific heat capacity over various temperature ranges within a temperature range of 7-14 °C. Table 2 shows the average effective total specific heat capacity over various temperature ranges within a temperature range of 10-16 °C. The shaded cells have an effective specific heat capacity greater than 6.35 J / g °C. In Table 2, all cells are shaded because all data in Table 2 have an effective specific heat capacity greater than or equal to 6.35 J / g °C.The effective specific heat capacity of PPG 2000 solutions with concentrations of 17.31–28.85% by weight is generally higher in the temperature range of 10–16 °C than in the temperature range of 7–10 °C. Solutions with lower PPG 2000 concentrations, such as 17.31% by weight, are also less effective. 19.23% by weight, have a higher or maximum effective specific heat capacity in the temperature ranges of 13-16 °C and 12-15 °C, respectively. Solutions with higher weight percentage concentrations of PPG 2000 (23.08% by weight, 25% by weight, and 26.8% by weight) have a higher or peak effective specific heat capacity at 12-14 °C. The 25% by weight and 26.8% by weight solutions have an effective specific heat capacity greater than 6.35 J / g °C across the entire temperature range of 7 to 16 °C. The solutions with the highest total heat capacity across all temperature ranges are the 25% by weight and 26.8% by weight solutions. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 215 / 372 38 / 174 Table 3: Effective average specific heat capacity (J / g°C) at 12 20 °C with PPG 2000, 1200, and 1000 Comp. 12- 14- 14- 15- 15- 15- 16- 16- 17- 18- 18- 25% by weight 7.13 7.01 6.76 6.61 6.42 5.97 5.67 5.49 5.20 4.78 4.49 25% by weight 5.36 6.28 6.21 6.91 6.60 6.49 6.18 6.16 6.08 6.13 6.07 25% by weight 4.06 4.36 4.66 4.32 4.73 5.18 5.49 5.48 5.85 6.00 5.85 Table 3 (above)

[0090] Summary of Table 3: Table 3 shows the effective specific heat capacity of solutions containing PPG 1000, PPG 1200, and PPG 2000. Each molecular weight of PPG (1000, 1200, and 2000) was separately mixed at a concentration of 25 wt% in deionized water. The specific heat capacity was measured using an internally constructed digital mixing calorimeter. Table 3 shows the average effective total specific heat capacity of these solutions over various temperature ranges within a temperature range of 12–20 °C. The shaded cells in Table 3 have an effective specific heat capacity greater than 5.80 J / g °C. As shown in Table 3, 25 wt% of PPG 2000 + water has a phase transition enthalpy mainly below 16 °C. As shown in Table 3, 25% by weight of PPG 1200 + water has a phase transition enthalpy mainly below 20 °C and a peak phase transition enthalpy at around 15-16 °C.As shown in Table 3, 25% by weight of PPG 1000 + water has a phase transition enthalpy primarily above 17 °C and a peak phase transition enthalpy at approximately 18-19 °C. At a concentration of 25% by weight, the phase transition temperature or enthalpy temperature of... Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 216 / 372 39 / 174 Phase transition enthalpy increases with decreasing molecular weight. The total phase transition enthalpy is greater for PPG 2000 than for PPG 1200, and the phase transition enthalpy of PPG 1200 is greater than for PPG 1000. Advantageously, the enthalpy of the phase transition temperature range or increase in specific heat capacity of the compositions in Tables 1, 2, and 3 are in the full chilled water temperature range for most chilled water applications, which may include, but are not limited to, heat transfer, or as a cooling liquid, or for thermal storage, or a combination thereof. Phase transition enthalpy occurring over a wide temperature range.

[0091] Prior literature / art generally views liquid-liquid phase transitions as having a phase transition at a specific temperature, which is true of the few liquid-liquid phase transitions with their phase transition enthalpies studied in prior literature / art. However, a novel phenomenon introduced here involves liquid-liquid phase transitions occurring not only at a specific temperature, but over a wider temperature range, which may include, but is not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following, greater than, less than, or equal to: a temperature range of 1 °K, or a temperature range of 2 °K, or a temperature range of 3 °K, or a temperature range of 4 °K, or a temperature range of 5 °K, or a temperature range of 6 °K, or a temperature range of 7 °K.Advantageously, liquid-liquid phase transitions occurring over a wider temperature range can allow for higher phase transition enthalpies and / or increased specific heat capacity. Advantageously, liquid-liquid phase transitions occurring over a wider temperature range can be applicable to a wider range. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 217 / 372 40 / 174 temperature applications without requiring phase transition temperature adjustment. Reversible liquid-liquid phase transition:

[0092] It may be desirable that the liquid-liquid phase transition be reversible or fully reversible. Furthermore, it may be desirable that the liquid-liquid phase transition be relatively spontaneously reversible, which may mean that the liquid-liquid phase transitions within a specific temperature range during heating and liquid-liquid phase transitions within or near the same specific temperature range while cooling. Additionally, it may be desirable that the amplitude or scale of the phase transition enthalpy during heating be the same or nearly the same as the phase transition enthalpy during cooling. Furthermore, it may be desirable that the heat absorbed or released during a liquid-liquid phase transition during heating be the same as the heat released or absorbed during a liquid-liquid phase transition during cooling.

[0093] In addition, it may be desirable for the phase transition enthalpy to remain the same or virtually the same during several consecutive heating and cooling cycles. Multiple heating and cooling cycles may comprise more than 2 cycles, or more than 5 cycles, or more than 10 cycles, or more than 25 cycles, or more than 50 cycles, or more than 100 cycles, or more than 250 cycles, or more than 500 cycles, or more than 1,000 cycles, or more than 2,500 cycles, or more than 5,000 cycles, or more than 10,000 cycles, or more than 25,000 cycles, or more than 50,000 cycles, or more than 100,000 cycles, or more than 250,000 cycles, or more than 500,000 cycles, or more than 1,000,000 cycles.

[0094] Physical phase transition. Physical phenomena. Totally reversible, spontaneously reversible in the temperature ranges of the phase transition. May comprise multiple liquid-liquid phase transitions. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 218 / 372 41 / 174 consecutive. May involve multiple consecutive liquid-liquid phase transitions. May require mixing. The enthalpy of the phase transition may be fully reversible. High temperature compositions (1 of 2)

[0095] High-temperature phase transitions can be considered 'high temperature' based on the temperature range of a liquid-liquid phase transition that occurs in a solution comprising the polymer and fresh water. The temperature ranges of high-temperature phase transitions can be described in this document. The temperature ranges of high-temperature phase transitions may involve temperatures above 0 °C, or 5 °C, or 10 °C, or 15 °C, or 20 °C, or 25 °C, and may overlap with the definition of low-temperature phase transitions depending on the context or application.

[0096] Example 'high temperature' liquid-liquid phase transition component reagents may include, but are not limited to, PEG-Ran-PG, PPG-PEG-PPG and PEG-PPG-PEG block polymers. Examples of block polymers Molecular Weight Identification 2500 PEG-Ran-PG 3300 PPG-PEG-PPG 2700 PPG-PEG-PPG 1100 PEG-PPG-PEG 2000 PEG-PPG-PEG 2800 PEG-PPG-PEG 2900 PEG-PPG-PEG Table 4 (above)

[0097] Block glycol polymer reagents may exhibit a Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 219 / 372 42 / 174 wide range of liquid-liquid phase transition temperature ranges in an aqueous solution. The phase transition temperature and properties of the glycol block polymer alone can be tuned or adjusted based on the relative amount of PEG or PG or PPG in the polymer, or the molecular weight of the polymer, or the types of functional groups or connective functional groups in the polymer, or a combination thereof. For example, based on experiments with an internally constructed mixing calorimeter, the polymers shown in Table 4 have several liquid-liquid phase transition temperature ranges from about 5 °C to above 65 °C when present in a freshwater solution at a concentration of 20% by weight.Based on experiments with an internally constructed mixing calorimeter, the phase transition enthalpy of some block glycol polymers in aqueous solutions exceeds 10 kJ / kg when at concentrations ranging from 13 to 40% by weight. Based on experiments with an internally constructed mixing calorimeter, the phase transition enthalpy and specific heat capacity increase with increasing polymer molecular weight.

[0098] Block glycol polymers are generally viscous. In liquid-liquid phase transitions, the liquid phase of primarily block glycol polymers generally contains a low concentration of water, which can result in the liquid phase of primarily block glycol polymers being highly viscous. This high viscosity can be problematic in applications requiring the pumping, handling, or separation of said primarily block glycol polymer liquid phase. 'Following reagents' or 'phase transition modifiers' can be employed to, for example, including but not limited to, reduce the viscosity of the organic liquid phase, adjust the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, or improve other liquid phase transition properties. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 220 / 372 43 / 174 liquid, including those described in this document. As introduced in this document, it has been found that the presence of certain glycol esters and / or ethers as 'following reagents' or 'phase transition modifiers' reduces the viscosity of the organic liquid phase, or improves liquid-liquid phase separation properties, or increases the enthalpy of phase transition, or functions as a method of adjusting the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, or provides other beneficial properties, or provides a combination thereof. High temperature compositions (2 of 2)

[0099] Polyethylene glycol and / or polypropylene glycol ethers can be used as liquid-liquid phase transition reagents that may possess high-temperature solubility in high-temperature and / or high-temperature liquid-liquid phase transitions. For example, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ethers of various molecular weights and polyethylene glycol monomethyl ethers of various molecular weights may exhibit high liquid-liquid phase transition temperatures and large phase transition enthalpies. For example, in solutions with only fresh water, the organic present may possess ultra-high liquid-liquid phase transition temperature ranges, with liquid-liquid phase transition temperature ranges greater than or equal to one or more of the following: 70 °C, or 80 °C, or 90 °C, or 100 °C, or 110 °C, or 120 °C, or 130 °C, or 140 °C, or 150 °C, or a combination thereof.The enthalpies of mixing or liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpies of glycol polymer ethers can be substantial. For example, based on adiabatic temperature change and calorimetry measurements, the phase transition enthalpy of polyethylene glycol dimethyl ethers and / or polyethylene glycol monomethyl ethers can be greater than or equal to one or more, or a combination of, the following: 5 kJ / kg total solution, or 10 kJ / kg total solution, or 15 kJ / kg total solution, or 20 kJ / kg total solution. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 221 / 372 44 / 174 or 25 kJ / kg of total solution, or 30 kJ / kg of total solution, or 35 kJ / kg of total solution, or 40 kJ / kg of total solution, or 45 kJ / kg of total solution, or 50 kJ / kg of total solution, or 55 kJ / kg of total solution, or 60 kJ / kg of total solution, or 65 kJ / kg of total solution, or 70 kJ / kg of total solution, or 75 kJ / kg of total solution, or 80 kJ / kg of total solution, or 85 kJ / kg of total solution, or 90 kJ / kg of total solution, or 95 kJ / kg of total solution, or 100 kJ / kg of total solution.

[0100] In some solutions, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ethers, such as PEGDME 250 or 500, and / or polyethylene glycol monomethyl ethers, such as PEGMME 350, may have liquid-liquid phase transition temperature ranges that are higher than the boiling point of an aqueous solution at standard pressure. It may be desirable to reduce said liquid-liquid phase transition temperature for several reasons, which may include, but are not limited to, ensuring that the liquid-liquid phase transition occurs at a temperature below the boiling point of the liquid composition under standard pressure conditions and / or enabling heat transfer or thermal storage applications at lower temperatures.

[0101] 'Following reagents' or liquid-liquid phase transition modifiers may be added to the present compositions to enable, for example, including but not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: adjustment of liquid-liquid phase transition temperature and / or more favorable liquid-liquid phase transition properties described in this document and / or a combination thereof.

[0102] For example, ethers can be used as following reagents and / or liquid-liquid phase transition modifiers. For example, the liquid-liquid phase transition properties of glycol ether polymers, such as polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether and polypropylene glycol monomethyl ether, can be significantly Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 222 / 372 45 / 174 modified by the presence of 2-butoxyethanol. 2-Butoxyethanol can modify the properties of polyethylene glycol dimethyl ethers (PEGDME) and / or polypropylene glycol monomethyl ethers (PEGMME) in, including but not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following ways:

[0103] · Depending on the relative concentration of the constituent reagents and water, at least a portion of PEGDME and / or PEGMME may 'follow' 2-butoxyethanol during a liquid-liquid phase transition to a multiliquid phase mixture and may form a liquid phase that is primarily organic and a liquid phase that is primarily composed of water.

[0104] · The ratio of PEGDME and / or PEGMME to 2-butoxyethanol in an aqueous solution can have a significant influence on the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range of a solution. The higher the relative concentration of 2-butoxyethanol to PEGDME and / or PEGMME, the lower the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of the solution. The liquid-liquid phase transition temperature can be adjusted by adjusting the concentration of 2-butoxyethanol relative to PEGDME and / or PEGMME.

[0105] · The ratio of PEGDME and / or PEGMME to 2-butoxyethanol in an aqueous solution can have a significant influence on the required concentration of salt or 'salinizing reagent' to 'release at least part of the organic liquid phase or adjust the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature. The higher the relative concentration of 2-butoxyethanol, the lower the concentration of 'salinizing' reagent or phase transition temperature adjustment reagent required to form a multiliquid phase mixture or to 'salinize an organic into an organic liquid phase or reduce the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 223 / 372 46 / 174

[0106] · The ratio of PEGDME and / or PEGMME to 2-butoxyethanol in an aqueous solution can have a significant influence on the water concentration in a predominantly organic liquid phase resulting from a liquid-liquid or 'salinizing' phase transition, or a combination thereof. The higher the relative concentration of 2-butoxyethanol to PEGDME and / or PEGMME, the lower the water concentration generally is in a predominantly organic liquid phase resulting from a liquid-liquid or 'salinizing' phase transition, or a combination thereof.

[0107] · 2-butoxyethanol can reduce the density of the organic liquid phase and / or can reduce the viscosity of an organic liquid phase and / or a combination thereof.

[0108] · Similarly, PEGDME and / or PEGMME can have a significant influence on the liquid-liquid phase transition properties of 2-butoxyethanol. For example, 30 wt% 2-butoxyethanol can have a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range of ~45 °C when in a 70 wt% freshwater solution. In a solution with 30 wt% 2-butoxyethanol, 5 wt% PEGDME 500 and 65 wt% freshwater, the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature is in a range of ~73 °C.

[0109] Alternatively or additionally, the liquid-liquid phase transition properties of water-ether polyol polymers, such as PEGDME and PEGMME, can be significantly influenced by salinizing reagents or phase transition temperature adjustment reagents. For example, salinizing reagents or phase transition temperature adjustment reagents may include, but are not limited to, salts and / or organic reagents with appreciable solubility in water and minimal solubility or limited solubility or insolubility in organic liquid-liquid phase transition reagents. Due to, therefore Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 224 / 372 47 / 174 For example, due to the strong solubility of polyol ether polymers in water, adjusting the liquid-liquid or salinizing phase transition temperature may require highly soluble reagents, or reagents with significant ionic strength, or high salts in the Hofmeister series, or a combination thereof. For example, in some compositions, ammonium, potassium, sodium, fluoride, sulfate, carbonate, sulfite, phosphate salts, or a combination thereof, have been shown to require lower concentrations or osmotic pressures to achieve the adjusted or 'salinizing' phase transition temperature compared to other reagents. For example, in some compositions, dextrin has proven to be an effective 'salinizing' reagent or phase transition temperature adjustment reagent.For example, dextrin, or sucrose, or mannitol, or maltose, or fructose, and / or various sugar derivatives or maltodextrin or sugar analogues or sugar substitutes or sugar alcohols or polyols have also been shown to be effective phase transition temperature adjusters or 'salinizing' reagents in some compositions.

[0110] The concentration of organics in a predominantly organic liquid phase can be another important attribute in determining a desirable salinizing reagent or phase transition temperature adjustment reagent. For example, employing sodium chloride for phase transition temperature adjustment and / or 'salinizing' adjustment may require significantly higher concentrations or osmotic pressures than with some other salts. However, sodium chloride may possess some desirable properties when liquid-liquid phase transitions occur, which may include, but are not limited to, a higher concentration of organics in a predominantly organic liquid phase and / or a higher concentration of water in a predominantly aqueous phase. Liquid-Liquid Separation Enhancement Reagents

[0111] Summary: The present modalities may refer to Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 225 / 372 48 / 174 Enhancement of liquid-liquid separation of constituent liquid phases in a liquid-liquid phase transition. The present embodiments may involve compositions or properties or a combination thereof to increase the rate and / or completeness of liquid-liquid separation and / or isolation of a liquid-liquid separation. The rate of a liquid-liquid phase separation may involve the time required for a multiliquid phase mixture to separate into its constituent liquid phases as separate liquid layers or separate stratified liquid layers. The completeness of a liquid-liquid separation may involve the concentration of a different liquid phase present in a liquid phase after liquid-liquid separation. Isolation of a liquid-liquid separation may involve the concentration of desired reagents in the liquid layer compared to the concentration of undesired reagents in each liquid layer.

[0112] Improving liquid-liquid separation may involve improving properties related to liquid-liquid separation. Properties related to liquid-liquid separation may include, but are not limited to, density, viscosity, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, surface tension, self-attracting forces, or a combination thereof.

[0113] It may be desirable that any improvement in liquid-liquid separation properties minimally reduces the phase transition enthalpy. Alternatively or additionally, it may be desirable that any improvement in liquid-liquid separation properties improves the phase transition enthalpy or phase transition property enthalpy.

[0114] Primarily organic or non-aqueous layer of higher density or liquid phase - In some embodiments, it may be desirable for a primarily organic or non-aqueous liquid phase to have a higher density than the liquid phase composed primarily of Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 226 / 372 49 / 174 water or primarily by solvent. Reagents that increase the density of the primarily organic liquid phase may comprise reagents having a density greater than water or the primarily aqueous liquid phase and may be known as organic phase density increasing reagents. It may be desirable that the organic phase density increasing reagents possess a greater affinity or solubility in one or more of the organic reagents in a primarily organic liquid phase than in a primarily aqueous liquid phase. It may be desirable that the organic phase density increasing reagents comprise the following reagents.

[0115] Lower Density Primarily Organic or Non-Aqueous Layer or Liquid Phase - In some embodiments, it may be desirable that a primarily organic or non-aqueous liquid phase have a lower density than the primarily water or primarily solvent liquid phase. Reagents that reduce the density of the primarily organic liquid phase may comprise reagents having a density lower than water or the primarily aqueous liquid phase and may be known as organic phase density-reducing reagents. It may be desirable that the organic phase density-reducing reagents have a greater affinity or solubility in one or more of the organic reagents in a primarily organic liquid phase than in a primarily aqueous liquid phase. It may be desirable that the organic phase density-reducing reagents comprise the following reagents.

[0116] Water layer or higher density liquid phase - In some embodiments, it may be desirable for a primarily aqueous liquid phase to have a higher density than a primarily organic or non-aqueous liquid phase. The reagents that increase the density of the primarily aqueous liquid phase may comprise reagents with a higher density than a phase Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 227 / 372 50 / 174 predominantly organic liquid and may be known as predominantly aqueous liquid phase density increasing reagents. It may be desirable that the predominantly aqueous liquid phase density increasing reagents have a greater affinity or solubility in the predominantly aqueous liquid phase than one or more of the organic reagents in a predominantly organic liquid phase. It may be desirable that the predominantly aqueous liquid phase density increasing reagents comprise the following reagents.

[0117] Water layer or lower density liquid phase - In some embodiments, it may be desirable that a primarily aqueous liquid phase have a lower density than a primarily organic or non-aqueous liquid phase. The reagents that reduce the density of the primarily aqueous liquid phase may comprise reagents with a lower density than a primarily organic liquid phase and may be known as density-reducing reagents of the primarily aqueous liquid phase. It may be desirable that the density-reducing reagents of the primarily aqueous liquid phase have a greater affinity or solubility in the primarily aqueous liquid phase than in one or more of the organic reagents in a primarily organic liquid phase. It may be desirable that the density-reducing reagents of the primarily aqueous liquid phase comprise the following reagents.

[0118] Glycol Ethers (examples below):

[0119] Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether - Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether can function as a density-reducing organic liquid phase and / or follow-up reagent. For example, high enthalpy organic liquid phase transition reagents with which diethylene glycol monohexyl ether can function as a density-reducing organic liquid phase and / or follow-up reagent may include, but not limited to, one or more or a combination of Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 228 / 372 51 / 174 following: PPG, PPG 1000, PPG 1200, PPG 2000, PPG 3000, PPG-PEGPPG. PEG-PPG-PEG, glycol polymer or polyols, or a combination thereof. Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether can also function to reduce viscosity and increase hydrophobicity. Additionally, diethylene glycol monohexyl ether can convert a liquid-liquid phase transition composition that always exists in a multiliquid phase state into a solution that can possess a single liquid-phase combined solution state below a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range. Furthermore, 2-diethylene glycol monohexyl ether can convert an organic reagent that may not possess a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range into a reagent with a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature. Said organic reagent that may not possess a liquid-liquid phase transition may not possess a liquid-liquid phase transition due to, including but not limited to, low solubility and / or low affinity for water or strong solubility in and / or affinity for water.

[0120] 2-Butoxyethanol - 2-Butoxyethanol can function as a density-reducing organic liquid phase reagent and / or follow-through reagent. For example, high enthalpy organic liquid phase transition reagents with which 2-butoxyethanol can function as a density-reducing organic liquid phase reagent and / or follow-through reagent may include, but not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: PPG, PEGs, PEGDME, PEGMME, glycol ethers, PPG-PEG-PPG, PEG-PPG-PEG, glycol polymer or polyols, or a combination thereof. 2-Butoxyethanol can also function to reduce viscosity and increase hydrophobicity. Furthermore, 2-butoxyethanol can convert a liquid-liquid phase transition composition that always exists in a multiliquid phase state into a solution that can possess a combined phase solution state. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 229 / 372 52 / 174 single liquid below a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range. Furthermore, 2-butoxyethanol can convert an organic reagent that may not possess a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range into a reagent with a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature. Said organic reagent that may not possess a liquid-liquid phase transition may not possess a liquid-liquid phase transition due to, including but not limited to, low solubility and / or low affinity for water or strong solubility in and / or affinity for water.

[0121] Propylene Glycol N-Propyl Ether - Propylene glycol N-Propyl Ether can function as an organic liquid phase density-reducing reagent and / or following reagent. For example, high enthalpy organic liquid phase transition reagents with which propylene glycol N-Propyl Ether can function as an organic liquid phase density-reducing reagent and / or following reagent may include, but not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: PPG, PEGs, PEGDME, PEGMME, glycol ethers, PPG-PEG-PPG, PEG-PPG-PEG, glycol polymer or polyols, or a combination thereof. Propylene Glycol N-Propyl Ether can also function to reduce viscosity and increase hydrophobicity.Furthermore, propylene glycol N-propyl ether can convert a liquid-liquid phase transition composition that always exists in a multiliquid phase state into a solution that can possess a single liquid-phase combined solution state below a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range. Additionally, propylene glycol N-propyl ether can convert an organic reagent that may not possess a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range into a reagent with a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature. The said organic reagent that may not possess a liquid-liquid phase transition may not possess a liquid-liquid phase transition due to, including, but not including. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 230 / 372 53 / 174 limitation, low solubility and / or low affinity for water or strong solubility in and / or affinity for water.

[0122] Esters (example provided below):

[0123] Propylene carbonate - Propylene carbonate may comprise, including but not limited to, an organic liquid phase density-increasing reagent, or a viscosity-reducing reagent or a phase transition temperature-adjusting reagent, or a following reagent, or a combination thereof. The properties of propylene carbonate in liquid-liquid phase transition compositions may include, but not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: following an organic liquid phase in some liquid-liquid phase transitions (“following reagent”), or reducing the viscosity of an organic liquid phase, or increasing the density relative to water, or adjusting properties having a minimal impact on the phase transition enthalpy at low concentrations, or reducing the phase transition temperature range, or increasing the effective specific heat capacity at a narrow temperature.Propylene carbonate can function as a density-reducing reagent for organic liquid phases and / or the following reagent may include, but is not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: PPG, PPG 1000, PPG 1200, PPG 2000, PPG 3000, PPG-PEG-PPG, PEG-PPG-PEG, glycol polymer or polyols, or a combination thereof.

[0124] Glycerol - Glycerol may comprise a reagent that can, including but not limited to, perform one or more or a combination of the following: follow water in some liquid-liquid phase transition solutions or increase the density of the liquid water phase, or adjust the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, or reduce the solubility of an organic liquid phase, or increase the solubility of an organic liquid phase, or reduce the freezing point or increase the boiling point. For example, glycerol can 'salinize' or Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 231 / 372 54 / 174 adjust the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of PPGs in aqueous solutions.

[0125] Polyethylene glycols - Some polyethylene glycols, such as PEGs with a molecular weight of less than 1000 grams per mole, may comprise a reagent that may, including but not limited to, perform one or more or a combination of the following: follow water in some liquid-liquid phase transition solutions, or increase the density of the liquid water phase, or adjust the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, or reduce the solubility of an organic liquid phase, or increase the solubility of an organic liquid phase. For example, PEGs in an aqueous solution may 'salinize' or reduce the phase transition temperature of PPGs in aqueous solutions.

[0126] Propylene Glycol or Ethylene Glycol - Propylene glycol or ethylene glycol may comprise a reagent that can, including but not limited to, perform one or more or a combination of the following: follow water in some liquid-liquid phase transition solutions, or increase the density of the liquid phase of water, or adjust the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, or reduce the solubility of an organic liquid phase, or increase the solubility of an organic liquid phase, or reduce the freezing point or increase the boiling point. For example, propylene glycol or ethylene glycol may increase the solubility or liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of PEGs when in aqueous solutions.

[0127] Polyols, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar substitutes or their derivatives or combinations thereof may comprise a reagent that may, including but not limited to, perform one or more or a combination of the following: follow water in some liquid-liquid phase transition solutions, or increase the density of the liquid phase of water, or adjust the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, or reduce the solubility of an organic liquid phase, or increase the Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 232 / 372 55 / 174 solubility of an organic liquid phase, or reduce the freezing point or increase the boiling point. For example, Dextrin or Maltodextrin or both 'salinize' or reduce the phase transition temperature of PPGs, or glycol ethers, or PEGs, or their derivatives, or their combinations in aqueous solutions.

[0128] Salts - Some salts can function as a reagent that can, including but not limited to, perform one or more or a combination of the following: follow water in some liquid-liquid phase transition solutions or increase the density of the liquid water phase, or adjust the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, or reduce the solubility of an organic liquid phase, or increase the solubility of an organic liquid phase, or reduce the freezing point or increase the boiling point.

[0129] Phase Transition Modifiers - Phase transition modifiers are reagents that can adjust or alter one or more attributes or properties of a liquid-liquid phase transition solution. Examples may include, but are not limited to, 'following reagents'. Following reagents may include, but are not limited to, reagents that follow a primarily organic liquid phase in a liquid-liquid phase transition or reagents that follow a primarily aqueous or aqueous liquid phase in a liquid-liquid phase transition.

[0130] Note: Specific glycol ethers may be compatible with specific liquid-liquid phase transition reagents. For example, diethylene glycol monohexyl ether may exhibit a 'following reagent' phenomenon with PPG 2000, while 2-butoxyethanol may be insoluble in PPG 2000 or may have a higher affinity for water than PPG 2000. For example, 2-butoxyethanol exhibits a 'following reagent' phenomenon with PEGDME or PEGMME, while PPG 2000 may be relatively insoluble in PEGDME or PEGMMME, and PPG 425 may Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 233 / 372 56 / 174 must be soluble in PEGDME or PEGMME.

[0131] Examples of properties of the following reagents using specific examples of the following reagents

[0132] Diethylene glycol monohexyl ether - Example properties as a liquid-liquid phase transition modifier may include, but are not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following:

[0133] · Transforms the liquid-liquid phase transition of PPG 2000 and water from a multiliquid phase to a single-liquid phase transition.

[0134] · Reduces the density of the Organic Layer, allowing for simpler or faster liquid-liquid separation of water-based layers.

[0135] · Increases specific heat capacity over a narrow temperature range (e.g., a temperature range below 7 °K)

[0136] · Reduces the temperature range of the phase transition enthalpy

[0137] · It can reduce the total enthalpy of the phase transition as the weight percent concentration of DEH increases relative to PPG 2000

[0138] · Compatible with PPG 2000

[0139] · Reduction of the mutual phase transition temperature when combined with PPG 2000 in water

[0140] · Reduces the viscosity of the organic layer Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 234 / 372 57 / 174

[0141] · May mutually reduce, increase, or suppress, or a combination thereof, liquid-liquid phase transition temperatures of liquid-liquid phase transition reagents.

[0142] 2-butoxyethanol

[0143] · Adjusts the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of some compositions. For example, it may allow certain reagents to have a liquid-liquid phase transition range and / or it may reduce the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range of some reagents. For example, 2-butoxyethanol may reduce the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of PEGDME or PEGMME or both. For example, 2-butoxyethanol may allow certain reagents to have liquid-liquid phase transitions, even if said reagents do not have a liquid-liquid phase transition without 2-butoxyethanol. Said certain reagents may include, but are not limited to, some ethers or glycol ethers.

[0144] · Reduces viscosity

[0145] · Reduces density

[0146] · Allows liquid-liquid phase transitions to have a single combined liquid-phase solution state under certain temperature conditions.

[0147] · May mutually reduce, increase, or suppress, or a combination thereof, liquid-liquid phase transition temperatures of liquid-liquid phase transition reagents. For example, 2-butoxyethanol and PPG 425 Stabilizers and Inhibitors

[0148] Reagents: Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 235 / 372 58 / 174

[0149] · Compatibility: It may be important that the reagents are chemically compatible to avoid adverse reactions or degradation.

[0150] · Stabilizers, Degradation Inhibitors, Corrosion Inhibitors: These may include, but are not limited to, stabilizers or degradation inhibitors, or corrosion inhibitors known in the art or processes thereof known in the art. Reagents may include, but are not limited to, oxygen scavengers, free radical inhibitors, free radical absorbers, pH buffers, antioxidants, sequestrants, ultraviolet stabilizers, basic reagents, acidic reagents, free radical scavengers, biocides, or combinations thereof.

[0151] · Stabilizing reagents may include, but are not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), phosphite esters, esters, sulfites, nitrites, bisulfites, metabisulfites, silicates, siloxanes, alkalinity reserve, organosiloxanes, organic phosphonates, ascorbic acid, tocopherols, preservatives, polymer stabilizers, propyl gallate (PG, E310), tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA, E320), N,N'-di-2-butyl-1,4-phenylenediamine, N,N'-di-2-butyl-1,4-phenylenediamine, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, active antioxidants, active free radical inhibitors, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, iron (II) salts, copper (I) salts, iron (II, III) salts, biocides, pH buffers, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, basic oxygen scavengers, sodium hydroxide,potassium hydroxide.

[0152] · In some organic solutions, it may be desirable to have a basic pH and oxygen scavengers or free radical inhibitors. For example, for compositions employing glycols or glycol ethers, inhibitors may be used in current applications for Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 236 / 372 59 / 174 glycols or glycol ethers or similar classifications of reagents.

[0153] · It may be desirable for certain stabilizing chemicals to follow reagents, wherein some stabilizing chemicals may follow a primarily organic liquid phase and / or wherein some stabilizing chemicals may follow a primarily aqueous or aqueous liquid phase.

[0154] · Some modalities may involve the active removal of 'spent' or used stabilizers and / or the active addition of fresh or effective stabilizers. Some modalities may involve the active regeneration of spent stabilizers into fresh or effective stabilizers.

[0155] · Influence on Phase Transition Properties: The presence of chemical stabilizers can have a detrimental or beneficial influence on various liquid-liquid phase transition properties. It may be desirable to optimize the use of chemical stabilizers to maximize potential beneficial influences, minimize potential negative influences, and effectively achieve the objectives of chemical stabilization.

[0156] Process Materials: It may be desirable that process materials be compatible with the liquid-liquid phase transition compositions employed in or in contact with said process materials. For example, in embodiments employing ammonium salts or acid salts or basic salts or a combination thereof, it may be desirable that the materials handling said compositions be compatible with said compositions. It may also be desirable that corrosion inhibitors or other reagents or process precautions or limitations be used to improve or ensure compatibility with the process materials.

[0157] Two liquid phases for two liquid phases - different states Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 237 / 372 60 / 174 liquids and different proportions of liquids, but with two or more liquid phases remaining.

[0158] A multiliquid-to-multiliquid phase transition may involve a change in, for example, including but not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: the relative concentration or ratio of reactants in each liquid phase, the total mass ratio of each liquid phase, the total volume ratio of each liquid phase, the number of liquid phases, the laterality of one or more reactants in one or more liquid phases, or the orientation of one or more reactants in one or more liquid phases.

[0159] Some liquid-liquid phase transitions may involve the phase transition from one multiliquid phase mixture to another multiliquid phase mixture. Some liquid-liquid phase transitions may involve a mixture comprising X number of liquid phases transitioning to a mixture with the same number of liquid phases. Although the number of liquid phases may not change, the composition of each constituent liquid phase and the reagent concentration in % relative weight or mass or volume of each liquid phase may change. The phase transition may also exhibit significant endothermy or exothermy and may be reversible.

[0160] For example:

[0161] · An example of a liquid-liquid phase transition composition:

[0162] · At 5 °C - comprises liquid phases A and B

[0163] Liquid Phase A:

[0164] · Total Mass: 5g

[0165] · Percentage of Organic Mass: 90% Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 238 / 372 61 / 174

[0166] · Percentage by Mass of Water: 10%

[0167] Liquid Phase B:

[0168] · Total Mass: 95g

[0169] · Percentage of Organic Mass: 21.58%

[0170] · Percentage by Mass of Water: 78.42%

[0171] · At 15 °C - comprises the liquid phases Y and Z

[0172] Liquid Phase Y:

[0173] · Total Mass: 23g

[0174] · Percentage of Organic Mass: 95.65%

[0175] · Percentage by Mass of Water: 4.35%

[0176] Liquid Phase Z:

[0177] · Total Mass: 77g

[0178] · Percentage of Organic Mass: 1.3%

[0179] · Water by Mass Percentage: 98.7% Intermediate liquid phases

[0180] A liquid-liquid mixture comprising liquid phase A and liquid phase B transforms into liquid phase Y and liquid phase Z with a certain phase transition enthalpy.

[0181] Intermediate steps may exist with different phase transition enthalpies associated with each step. For example: A and B may transform into C and D, and C and D into E and F, and E and F into G and H, and so on. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 239 / 372 62 / 174 onwards. The phase transition may continue to undergo intermediate phase transitions until a final phase transition state. Alternatively or additionally, a process may be designed to reach only one temperature at which a partial phase transition or intermediate phase transition occurs, which may involve the phase transition of the liquid between a partial phase transition state and a complete phase transition state or between a partial phase transition state and another partial phase transition state. Each intermediate phase transition may occur within a specific temperature range or subset within, for example, the total phase transition temperature range of the composition. Each intermediate phase transition may be reversible. Each intermediate phase transition may possess its own phase transition enthalpy. Examples of compositions:

[0182] PPG 2000 + Water: Features a high-energy (>30 kJ per kg of solution) reversible temperature-driven liquid-liquid phase transition, which involves a liquid-liquid phase transition from two liquid phases, A and B, to two liquid phases, C and D.

[0183] PPG 2000 + Diethylene glycol hexyl ether + Water: The presence of Diethylene Hexyl glycol ether at a concentration or ratio sufficient for PPG 2000 converts a reversible liquid-liquid phase transition composition that transitions from multiple liquid phases to multiple liquid phases into a reversible liquid-liquid phase transition composition that transitions from two liquid phases to a single liquid phase. Advantageously, the present composition can continue to have the significant phase transition enthalpy of PPG 2000 + Water, despite the presence of diethylene glycol hexyl ether. Advantageously, the ether Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 240 / 372 63 / 174 hexyl diethylene glycol can also reduce viscosity. Advantageously, depending on its concentration and the ratio of reagents, diethylene glycol hexyl ether can have a minimal impact on the enthalpy of the phase transition. Advantageously, diethylene glycol hexyl ether can enhance liquid-liquid separation when in a multiliquid phase state, for example, by increasing the density difference between the liquid phases. Other glycol ethers can also act as reagents that transform a reversible liquid-liquid phase transition composition that transitions from multiple liquid phases to multiple liquid phases into a reversible liquid-liquid phase transition composition that transitions from two liquid phases to a single liquid phase. Other glycol ethers can also facilitate viscosity reduction while minimally impacting the phase transition enthalpy or while increasing the phase transition enthalpy.

[0184] Wherein the phase transition enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition is greater than 2.5 kJ / kg, 5 kJ / kg, or 10 kJ / kg, or 15 kJ / kg, or 20 kJ / kg, or 25 kJ / kg, or 30 kJ / kg, or 35 kJ / kg.

[0185] Wherein the effective specific heat capacity of the composition is greater than 5.5 kJ / kg °C in at least 1 °C of the cooler temperature range.

[0186] A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0187] Component A, Component B and Water;

[0188] Wherein component 'a' has a liquid-liquid phase transition at 'X' °C when at a concentration of Ύ' percent by weight (% by weight) in water and the water is at a concentration of 'Z'% by weight; Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 241 / 372 64 / 174

[0189] Wherein component 'b' has a liquid-liquid phase transition at 'G' °C or 'X' °C when at a concentration of Ύ' percent by weight (% by weight) in water and the water is at a concentration of 'Z'% by weight;

[0190] Wherein a solution comprising 'a' and 'b'; having a concentration of 1'% by weight of 'a+b' and 'z'% by weight of water has a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature below X °C, G °C or both.

[0191] A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0192] Component A, Component B and Water;

[0193] Wherein component 'a' has a liquid-liquid phase transition at 'X' °C when at a concentration of Ύ' wt percent (% wt) in water and the water is at a concentration of 'Z' wt percent;

[0194] Wherein component 'b' has a liquid-liquid phase transition at 'G' °C or 'X' °C when at a concentration of Ύ' percent by weight (% by weight) in water and the water is at a concentration of 'Z'% by weight;

[0195] Wherein a solution comprising 'a' and 'b'; having a concentration of 1'% by weight of 'a+b' and 'z'% by weight of water has a liquid-liquid phase transition temperature greater than X °C, G °C or both. EXAMPLE OF EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND PROCEDURES FOR HEAT FLOW CALORIMETRY

[0196] Calorimetry tests, including phase transition enthalpy, effective specific heat capacity and liquid-liquid phase transition reversibility, can be performed with a Mettler Toledo RC1. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 242 / 372 65 / 174

[0197] In the present example, Composition #1 has 25% by weight of polypropylene glycol 2000 (P2000 available from Sigma-Aldrich with Mn 1513, refractive index n20 / D 1.451, viscosity 450 mPa.s (20 °C), density 1.00 g / mL at 20 °C and CAS number 25322-69-4) and 75% by weight of deionized water. In the present example, Composition #2 has 4.9% by weight of diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (available from Sigma-Aldrich with a 95% assay, refractive index n20 / D 1.4381 (lit.), pb 260 °C (lit.), pf (-40 °C (lit.) and density 0.935 g / ml at 25 °C (lit.)), 20.1% by weight of polypropylene glycol 2000 (P2000 available from Sigma-Aldrich with Mn 1513, refractive index n20 / D 1.451, viscosity 450 mPa.s (20 °C), density 1.00 / mL at 20 °C and CAS number 25322-69-4) and 75% by weight of deionized water. In Composition #2, the density of the organic liquid phase above the melting point temperature is Turbidity may be around 0.987 to 0.995 grams per liter at 20 °C.

[0198] The phase transition enthalpy of Composition #1 and Composition #2 was fully reversible and repeatable. Composition #1 and Composition #2 showed consistent phase transition enthalpy and specific heat capacity in all heating + cooling cycles, with no degradation and a standard deviation of less than 0.8% (within the expected noise range of the RC1 instrument). The heating phase transition enthalpies absorbed the same amount of heat that was released during the cooling phase transition enthalpies with a deviation of less than 0.8% (within the expected noise range of the RC1 instrument).

[0199] The phase transition enthalpy of Composition #1 was 33.62 kJ / kg (from 1 °C to 25 °C) and the phase transition enthalpy of Composition #2 was 21.20 kJ / kg (from 1 °C to 25 °C). The adiabatic temperature increase of Composition #1 was 9.3 °C and the adiabatic temperature increase of Composition #2 was 5.7 °C.

[0200] The peak specific heat capacity of Composition #1 was 7.715 J / g °C or 184% of the specific heat capacity of water. A Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 243 / 372 66 / 174 The peak specific heat capacity of Composition #2 was 7.109 J / g °C, or 169% of the specific heat capacity of water. Key Data Mettler Ί foledo RS1 Property Value Remarks Composition #1: Effective Specific Heat Capacity 7.715 J / g°C (7.2°C 9.3°C) Measured with RC1. These are peak values ​​over a temperature range of ~2°C. Composition #2: 7,110 J / g°C (5.52°C 7.57°C) Total enthalpy Composition #1: 33,624 kJ per kg 33,624 kJ per L 12.51°C peak phase transition temperature Measured with RC1 Composition #2: 21.20 kJ per kg 21.20 kJ per L 6.6°C peak phase transition temperature Liquid-Liquid Phase Transition Reversibility Composition #1: Completely reversible Composition #2: Completely reversible RC1 Enthalpy phase transition measurements were performed over 12 heating + cooling cycles during a 36-hour period and showed complete reversibility without performance degradation. RC1 test procedure:

[0201] 1. The sample was poured into container RC1 and RC1 was closed. The mass of the sample container was measured before and after pouring the sample into RC1, and the mass of the sample in RC1 was recorded.

[0202] 2. The sample was heated to 30 °C. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 244 / 372 67 / 174

[0203] 3. A baseline specific heat capacity measurement was performed from 30 °C to 25 °C. 30 °C to 25 °C is outside the temperature range of the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy and provides the specific heat capacity of the sample without the phase transition enthalpy.

[0204] 4. The sample was cooled from 25 °C to 1 °C at a rate of 0.5 °C / minute and the heat flux and thermal flux were measured simultaneously.

[0205] 5. The sample temperature was maintained at 1 °C for 10 minutes.

[0206] 6. The sample was heated from 1 °C to 25 °C at a rate of 0.5 °C / minute and the heat flux and thermal flux were measured simultaneously.

[0207] 7. A baseline specific heat capacity measurement was performed from 25 °C to 30 °C. 25 °C to 30 °C is outside the temperature range of the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy and provides the specific heat capacity of the sample without the phase transition enthalpy.

[0208] 8. The sample temperature was maintained at 30 °C for 10 minutes.

[0209] 9. Steps 3-8 were repeated consecutively for 12 cooling and heating cycles. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 245 / 372 68 / 174 RC1 test parameters: RC1 Test Parameters for Composition #1 Parameter Value (Heat Flux) RC1 iControl Version Used for Evaluation 5.0 Baseline Type Linear Initial U Determination at 30°C - 25°C 168.00 W / K*m2 Final U Determination at 30°C - 25°C 169.86 W / K*m2 Sample Mass 258.35 g Stirring Rate 300 rpm Sample Phase Liquid RC1 Test Parameters for Composition #2 Parameter Value (Heat Flux) RC1 iControl Version Used for Evaluation 5.0 Baseline Type Linear Initial U-value at 30°C - 25°C 177.11 W / K*m2 Final U-value at 30°C - 25°C 179.84 W / K*m2 Sample Mass 205.37 g Stirring Rate 300 rpm Sample Phase Liquid

[0210] The phase transition enthalpy and specific heat capacity of Composition #1 and Composition #2 were measured on an RC1 following the 'RC1 Test Procedure' described above and were measured consecutively for 12 heating + cooling cycles. The phase transition enthalpy of Composition #1 and Composition #2 was fully reversible and repeatable. Composition #1 and Composition #2 showed consistent phase transition enthalpy and specific heat capacity in all heating + cooling cycles, with no degradation and a standard deviation of less than 0.8% (within the expected noise of the RC1 instrument). The heating phase transition enthalpies absorbed the same amount of heat that was released during cooling phase transition enthalpies with a lower standard deviation. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 246 / 372 69 / 174 at 0.8% (within the expected noise range of instrument RC1).

[0211] No mass was lost during the experiment. Composition #1 and Composition #2 remained in a liquid phase throughout the duration of the test (i.e., no solid or gaseous phase evolved). The mass of the Composition #1 and Composition #2 samples remained unchanged (no gain or loss) throughout the duration of the test.

[0212] The phase transition enthalpy of Composition #1 was 33.62 kJ / kg (from 1 °C to 25 °C) and the phase transition enthalpy of Composition #2 was 21.20 kJ / kg (from 1 °C to 25 °C). The adiabatic temperature increase of Composition #1 was 9.3 °C and the adiabatic temperature increase of Composition #2 was 5.7 °C. Specific Heat Capacity and Total Heat Capacity in the Temperature Range of the Composition of the Maximum Average Specific Heat Capacity #1 Column [A] Temperature Delta (°K) Column [B] Temperature (°C) Range with specific heat capacity Average Column [C] Total Heat Capacity (kJ / kg) Column [D] Total Heat Capacity (kJ / L) Column [E] Specific Heat Capacity in the Temperature Range (J / g°C) Column [F] Heat capacity relative to water 2.1 7.2 to 9.3 15.8 15.8 7.715 184% 3.0 6.2 to 9.2 23.4 23.4 7.693 183% 4.0 6.2 to 10.2 31.0 31.0 7.658 182% 5.0 5.9 to 11.0 38.5 38.5 7.644 182% 6.0 5.9 to 12.0 46.0 46.0 7,620 181% 7.0 5.7 to 12.7 53.4 53.4 7,604 181% 8.0 5.6 to 13.7 60.8 60.8 7,567 180% 9.0 5.5 to 14.5 67.8 67.8 7,501 178% 10.0 5.5 to 15.5 74.4 74.4 7.415 176% Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 247 / 372 70 / 174 Specific Heat Capacity and Total Heat Capacity in the Temperature Range of the Composition of the Maximum Average Specific Heat Capacity #2 Column [A] Temperature Delta (°K) Column [B] Temperature Range (°C) with maximum average specific heat capacity Column [C] Total Heat Capacity (kJ / kg) Column [D] Total Heat Capacity (kJ / L) Column [E] Specific Heat Capacity in the Temperature Range (J / g°C) Column [F] Heat Capacity relative to water 2.1 5.5 to 7.6 14.6 14.6 7.109 169% 3.1 5.4 to 8.5 21.4 21.4 7.003 167% 4.1 5.4 to 9.4 28.1 28.1 6.941 165% 5.0 5.3 to 10.3 34.8 34.8 6.892 164% 6.1 5.3 to 11.3 41.3 41.3 6.830 163% 7.1 5.0 to 12.0 47.6 47.6 6,758 161% 8.1 5.2 to 13.2 53.8 53.8 6,682 159% 9.1 4.7 to 13.7 59.7 59.7 6,599 157% 10.0 4.3 to 14.7 65.3 65.3 6,518 155% Specific Heat Capacity and Total Heat Capacity in the Standard Temperature Range of Iced Water Composition #1 Column [A] Delta Temperature Column [B] Temperature Range with average specific heat capacity Column [C] Total Heat Capacity (kJ / kg) Column [D] Total Heat Capacity (kJ / L) Column [E] Specific Heat Capacity in the Temperature Range Column [F] Heat capacity relative to water 8.3°K 4.5°C at 61.17 kJ / L 61.17 kJ / L 7.335 J / g°C 175% 5.6°K 6.7°C at 42.38 kJ / L 42.38 kJ / L 7.614 J / g°C 181% Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 248 / 372 71 / 174 Specific Heat Capacity and Total Heat Capacity in the Standard Temperature Range of Iced Water Composition #2 Column [A] Delta Temperature Column [B] Temperature Range with average specific heat capacity Column [C] Total Heat Capacity (kJ / kg) Column [D] Total Heat Capacity (kJ / L) Column [E] Specific Heat Capacity in the Temperature Range Column [F] Heat capacity relative to water 8.4°K 4.4°C at 55.58 kJ / L 55.58 kJ / L 6.649 J / g°C 158% 5.5°K 6.7°C at 36.92 kJ / L 36.92 kJ / L 6.686 J / g°C 159% EXAMPLES OF ILLUSTRATIVE MODALITIES

[0213] · A polypropylene glycol composition comprising:

[0214] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 60 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polypropylene glycol with a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 1,800

[0215] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0216] · Where the number of particles per mL is less than 200 at a temperature less than or equal to the cloud point temperature

[0217] · A polypropylene glycol composition comprising:

[0218] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 60 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polypropylene glycol having a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 1,000, or 1,100, or 1,200, or 1,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1,700, or 1,800, or a combination thereof Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 249 / 372 72 / 174

[0219] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water.

[0220] · Wherein the number of particles per mL is less than 10, or 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 130, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 180, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 350, or 400, or 450, or 500, or a combination thereof, at a temperature less than or equal to the cloud point temperature.

[0221] · A polypropylene glycol composition comprising:

[0222] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 60 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polypropylene glycol having a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 1,000, or 1,100, or 1,200, or 1,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1,700, or 1,800, or a combination thereof

[0223] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0224] · Wherein the number of particles per mL is less than 10, or 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 130, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 180, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 350, or 400, or 450, or 500, or a combination thereof at a temperature within + / - 1 °K, or + / - 1.5 °K, or + / - 2 °K, or + / - 2.5 °K, or + / - 3 °K, or + / - 3.5 °K, or + / - 4 °K, or + / - 4.5 °K, or + / - 5 °K, or + / - 5.5 °K, or + / - 6 °K, or + / - 6.5 °K, or + / - 7 °K, or + / - 7.5 °K, or + / - 8 °K, or + / - 8.5 °K, or + / - 9 °K, or + / - 9.5 °K, or + / - 10 °K from the cloud point temperature

[0225] · A glycol polymer composition comprising:

[0226] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 250 / 372 73 / 174 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one glycol polymer with a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 1,000 or 1,100 or 1,200, or 1,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1,700, or 1,800, or a combination thereof.

[0227] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0228] · Wherein the number of particles per mL is less than 10, or 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 130, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 180, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 350, or 400, or 450, or 500, or a combination thereof at a temperature within + / - 1 °K, or + / - 1.5 °K, or + / - 2 °K, or + / - 2.5 °K, or + / - 3 °K, or + / - 3.5 °K, or + / - 4 °K, or + / - 4.5 °K, or + / - 5 °K, or + / - 5.5 °K, or + / - 6 °K, or + / - 6.5 °K, or + / - 7 °K, or + / - 7.5 °K, or + / - 8 °K, or + / - 8.5 °K, or + / - 9 °K, or + / - 9.5 °K, or + / - 10 °K from the cloud point temperature

[0229] · A glycol composition comprising:

[0230] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 60 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one glycol having a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 1,000, or 1,100, or 1,200, or 1,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1,700, or 1,800, or a combination thereof

[0231] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0232] · Wherein the number of particles per mL is less than 10, or 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 130, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 180, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 350, or 400, or 450, or 500, or a combination thereof at a temperature within + / - 1 °K, or + / - 1.5 °K, or + / - 2 Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 251 / 372 74 / 174 °K, or + / - 2.5 °K, or + / - 3 °K, or + / - 3.5 °K, or + / - 4 °K, or + / - 4.5 °K, or + / - 5 °K, or + / - 5.5 °K, or + / - 6 °K, or + / - 6.5 °K, or + / - 7 °K, or + / - 7.5 °K, or + / - 8 °K, or + / - 8.5 °K, or + / - 9 °K, or + / - 9.5 °K, or + / - 10 °K from the cloud point temperature

[0233] · A composition of polyalkylene oxides comprising:

[0234] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 60 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polyalkylene oxide having a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 1,000, or 1,100, or 1,200, or 1,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1,700, or 1,800, or a combination thereof

[0235] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0236] · Wherein the number of particles per mL is less than 10, or 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 130, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 180, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 350, or 400, or 450, or 500, or a combination thereof at a temperature within + / - 1 °K, or + / - 1.5 °K, or + / - 2 °K, or + / - 2.5 °K, or + / - 3 °K, or + / - 3.5 °K, or + / - 4 °K, or + / - 4.5 °K, or + / - 5 °K, or + / - 5.5 °K, or + / - 6 °K, or + / - 6.5 °K, or + / - 7 °K, or + / - 7.5 °K, or + / - 8 °K, or + / - 8.5 °K, or + / - 9 °K, or + / - 9.5 °K, or + / - 10 °K from the cloud point temperature

[0237] · A composition of polyalkylene oxides comprising:

[0238] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 60 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polyalkylene oxide having a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 1,000, or 1,100, or 1,200, or 1,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1,700, or 1,800, or a combination thereof Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 252 / 372 75 / 174

[0239] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0240] · Wherein the number of particles per mL is less than 10, or 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 130, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 180, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 350, or 400, or 450, or 500, or a combination thereof at a temperature within + / - 1 °K, or + / - 1.5 °K, or + / - 2 °K, or + / - 2.5 °K, or + / - 3 °K, or + / - 3.5 °K, or + / - 4 °K, or + / - 4.5 °K, or + / - 5 °K, or + / - 5.5 °K, or + / - 6 °K, or + / - 6.5 °K, or + / - 7 °K, or + / - 7.5 °K, or + / - 8 °K, or + / - 8.5 °K, or + / - 9 °K, or + / - 9.5 °K, or + / - 10 °K from the cloud point temperature

[0241] · Wherein the cloud point temperature is less than or equal to 0 °C, or 2.5 °C, or 5 °C, 7.5 °C, or 10 °C, or 12.5 °C, or 15 °C, or 17.5 °C, or 20 °C, or 22.5 °C, or 25 °C, or 27.5 °C, or 30 °C, or 35 °C, or 40 °C, or 45 °C, or 50 °C, or 55 °C, or 60 °C, or 65 °C, or 70 °C, or 75 °C, or 80 °C, or 85 °C, or 90 °C, or 95 °C, or 100 °C, or 105 °C, or 110 °C, or 150 °C, or 200 °C

[0242] · Wherein the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0243] · A composition of polyalkylene oxides comprising:

[0244] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 60 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polyalkylene oxide having a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 1,000, or 1,100, or 1,200, or 1,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1,700, or 1,800, or a combination thereof

[0245] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 253 / 372 76 / 174

[0246] · Wherein the number of particles per mL is less than 10, or 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 130, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 180, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 350, or 400, or 450, or 500, or a combination thereof at a temperature within + / - 1 °K, or + / - 1.5 °K, or + / - 2 °K, or + / - 2.5 °K, or + / - 3 °K, or + / - 3.5 °K, or + / - 4 °K, or + / - 4.5 °K, or + / - 5 °K, or + / - 5.5 °K, or + / - 6 °K, or + / - 6.5 °K, or + / - 7 °K, or + / - 7.5 °K, or + / - 8 °K, or + / - 8.5 °K, or + / - 9 °K, or + / - 9.5 °K, or + / - 10 °K from the cloud point temperature

[0247] · Where the cloud point temperature is less than or equal to 0 °C, or 2.5 °C, or 5 °C, 7.5 °C, or 10 °C, or 12.5 °C, or 15 °C, or 17.5 °C, or 20 °C, or 22.5 °C, or 25 °C, or 27.5 °C, or 30 °C, or 35 °C, or 40 °C, or 45 °C, or 50 °C

[0248] · A composition of polyalkylene oxides comprising:

[0249] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 60 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polyalkylene oxide having a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 1,000, or 1,100, or 1,200, or 1,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1,700, or 1,800, or a combination thereof

[0250] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0251] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 30 percent (by weight of the total composition) of an ether

[0252] · Wherein the number of particles per mL is less than 10, or 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 130, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 180, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 350, or 400, or 450, or 500 or a combination thereof at a temperature within + / - 1 °K, or + / - 1.5 °K, or + / - 2 °K, or Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 254 / 372 77 / 174 + / - 2.5 °K, or + / - 3 °K, or + / - 3.5 °K, or + / - 4 °K, or + / - 4.5 °K, or + / - 5 °K, or + / - 5.5 °K, or + / - 6 °K, or + / - 6.5 °K, or + / - 7 °K, or + / - 7.5 °K, or + / - 8 °K, or + / - 8.5 °K, or + / - 9 °K, or + / - 9.5 °K, or + / - 10 °K of the cloud point temperature

[0253] · Where the cloud point temperature is less than or equal to 0 °C, or 2.5 °C, or 5 °C, 7.5 °C, or 10 °C, or 12.5 °C, or 15 °C, or 17.5 °C, or 20 °C, or 22.5 °C, or 25 °C, or 27.5 °C, or 30 °C, or 35 °C, or 40 °C, or 45 °C, or 50 °C

[0254] · A composition of polyalkylene oxides comprising:

[0255] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 60 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polyalkylene oxide having a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 1,000, or 1,100, or 1,200, or 1,300, or 1,400, or 1,500, or 1,600, or 1,700, or 1,800, or a combination thereof

[0256] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0257] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 30 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a glycol ether

[0258] · Wherein the number of particles per mL is less than 10, or 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 130, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 180, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 350, or 400, or 450, or 500 or a combination thereof at a temperature within + / - 1 °K, or + / - 1.5 °K, or + / - 2 °K, or + / - 2.5 °K, or + / - 3 °K, or + / - 3.5 °K, or + / - 4 °K, or + / - 4.5 °K, or + / - 5 °K, or + / - 5.5 °K, or + / - 6 °K, or + / - 6.5 °K, or + / - 7 °K, or + / - 7.5 °K, or + / - 8 °K, or + / - 8.5 °K, or + / - 9 °K, or + / - 9.5 °K, or + / - 10 °K of the cloud point temperature Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 255 / 372 78 / 174

[0259] · Where the cloud point temperature is less than or equal to 0 °C, or 2.5 °C, or 5 °C, 7.5 °C, or 10 °C, or 12.5 °C, or 15 °C, or 17.5 °C, or 20 °C, or 22.5 °C, or 25 °C, or 27.5 °C, or 30 °C, or 35 °C, or 40 °C, or 45 °C, or 50 °C

[0260] · A polypropylene glycol composition comprising:

[0261] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 80 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polypropylene glycol having a number average molecular weight less than or equal to 10,000

[0262] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0263] · Wherein the density of the liquid phase comprising the polypropylene glycol that forms above a cloud point temperature due to a liquid-liquid phase transition has a density less than 0.999 grams per mL, or 0.99 g / mL, or 0.98 g / mL

[0264] · Wherein the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0265] · A polypropylene glycol composition comprising:

[0266] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 60 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polypropylene glycol having a number average molecular weight less than or equal to 5,000

[0267] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0268] · Wherein the density of the liquid phase comprising the liquid phase Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 256 / 372 79 / 174 organic matter that forms above a cloud point temperature due to a liquid-liquid phase transition to two liquid phases has a density less than 0.999 grams per mL, or 0.99 g / mL, or 0.98 g / mL

[0269] · Wherein the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0270] · A polypropylene glycol composition comprising:

[0271] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 60 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polypropylene glycol with a number average molecular weight less than or equal to 5,000

[0272] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0273] · Wherein the density of the organic liquid phase that forms above a cloud point temperature due to a liquid-liquid phase transition to two liquid phases has a density greater than 0.999 g / mol

[0274] · A polypropylene glycol composition comprising:

[0275] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 60 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polypropylene glycol with a number average molecular weight less than or equal to 5,000

[0276] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0277] · Wherein the composition comprises at least two phases Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 257 / 372 80 / 174 liquids when at a temperature above a cloud point temperature and where:

[0278] At least one of the aforementioned at least two liquid phases comprises a predominantly organic liquid phase, or a predominantly polypropylene glycol liquid phase, or a combination thereof.

[0279] At least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises a predominantly aqueous liquid phase.

[0280] Where the density of the primarily organic liquid phase is less than that of the primarily aqueous liquid phase

[0281] · A polypropylene glycol composition comprising:

[0282] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 60 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polypropylene glycol having a number average molecular weight less than or equal to 5,000

[0283] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0284] · Wherein the composition comprises at least two liquid phases when at a temperature above a cloud point temperature and wherein:

[0285] At least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises a predominantly organic liquid phase, or a predominantly polypropylene glycol liquid phase, or a combination thereof.

[0286] At least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises a predominantly aqueous liquid phase. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 258 / 372 81 / 174

[0287] Where the density of the primarily organic liquid phase is greater than that of the primarily aqueous liquid phase

[0288] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a liquid, comprising:

[0289] · Phase transition of a composition comprising polypropylene glycol and water into two liquid phases

[0290] In which at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises mainly water

[0291] Wherein at least one of the two liquid phases comprises polypropylene glycol

[0292] Wherein the liquid phase comprising polypropylene glycol has a density of less than 0.999 g / mL or 0.99 g / mL or 0.98 g / mL or 0.97 g / mL or 0.96 g / mL or 0.95 g / mL, or 0.94 g / mL, or 0.93 g / mL, or 0.92 g / mL, or 0.91 g / mL, or 0.90 g / mL

[0293] Wherein the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0294] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a liquid, comprising:

[0295] · Phase transition of a composition comprising polyalkylene oxide and water in two liquid phases

[0296] In which at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises water

[0297] Wherein at least one of the two liquid phases comprises polyalkylene oxide Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 259 / 372 82 / 174

[0298] Wherein the liquid phase comprising polyalkylene oxide has a density of less than 0.999 g / mL or 0.99 g / mL or 0.98 g / mL or 0.97 g / mL or 0.96 g / mL or 0.95 g / mL, or 0.94 g / mL, or 0.93 g / mL, or 0.92 g / mL, or 0.91 g / mL, or 0.90 g / mL

[0299] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a liquid, comprising:

[0300] · Phase transition of a composition comprising polyalkylene oxide and water in two liquid phases

[0301] In which at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises mainly water

[0302] Wherein at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises mainly an organic liquid phase, or mainly a polyalkylene oxide, or a combination thereof.

[0303] Wherein the liquid phase comprising mainly organic liquid phase, or mainly polyalkylene oxide, or a combination thereof, has a density of less than 0.999 g / mL or 0.99 g / mL or 0.98 g / mL or 0.97 g / mL, or 0.96 g / mL, or 0.95 g / mL, or 0.94 g / mL, or 0.93 g / mL, or 0.92 g / mL, or 0.91 g / mL, or 0.90 g / mL

[0304] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a liquid, comprising:

[0305] · Phase transition of a composition comprising glycol polymer and water into two liquid phases

[0306] In which at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises mainly water

[0307] In which at least one of the aforementioned two liquid phases Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 260 / 372 83 / 174 comprises mainly an organic liquid phase, or mainly a glycol polymer, or a combination thereof.

[0308] Wherein the liquid phase comprising mainly organic liquid phase, or mainly glycol polymer, or a combination thereof, has a density of less than 0.999 g / mL or 0.99 g / mL or 0.98 g / mL or 0.97 g / mL, or 0.96 g / mL, or 0.95 g / mL, or 0.94 g / mL, or 0.93 g / mL, or 0.92 g / mL, or 0.91 g / mL, or 0.90 g / mL

[0309] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a liquid, comprising:

[0310] · Phase transition of a composition comprising polypropylene glycol and water into two liquid phases

[0311] In which at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises mainly water

[0312] Wherein at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises polypropylene glycol

[0313] Wherein the liquid phase comprising polypropylene glycol has a density less than the density of water

[0314] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a liquid, comprising:

[0315] · Phase transition of a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water in two liquid phases

[0316] In which at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises mainly water

[0317] Wherein at least one of the two liquid phases comprises glycol polymer Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 261 / 372 84 / 174

[0318] Wherein the liquid phase comprising glycol polymer has a density less than the density of water

[0319] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a liquid, comprising:

[0320] · Heating a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water above a cloud point temperature to form two liquid phases

[0321] In which at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises mainly water

[0322] Wherein at least one of the two liquid phases comprises glycol polymer

[0323] Wherein the liquid phase comprising glycol polymer has a density less than the density of water

[0324] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a liquid, comprising:

[0325] · Phase transition of a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water in two liquid phases

[0326] In which at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises mainly water

[0327] Wherein at least one of the two liquid phases comprises glycol polymer

[0328] Wherein the liquid phase comprising glycol polymer has a density greater than the density of water

[0329] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 262 / 372 85 / 174 net, comprising:

[0330] · Phase transition of a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water in two liquid phases

[0331] In which at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises mainly water

[0332] Wherein at least one of the two liquid phases comprises glycol polymer

[0333] Wherein the liquid phase comprising the glycol polymer has a density lower than the density of the pure or isolated glycol polymer

[0334] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a liquid, comprising:

[0335] · Phase transition of a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water in two liquid phases

[0336] In which at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises mainly water

[0337] Wherein at least one of the two liquid phases comprises glycol polymer

[0338] Wherein the liquid phase comprising the glycol polymer has a density greater than the density of the pure or isolated glycol polymer

[0339] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a liquid, comprising:

[0340] · Phase transition of a composition comprising an oxide Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 263 / 372 86 / 174 polyalkylene and water in two liquid phases

[0341] In which at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises mainly water

[0342] Wherein at least one of the two liquid phases comprises polyalkylene oxide

[0343] Wherein the liquid phase comprising polyalkylene oxide has a density less than the density of pure or isolated polyalkylene oxide.

[0344] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a liquid, comprising:

[0345] · Phase transition of a composition comprising a polyalkylene oxide and water in two liquid phases

[0346] In which at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises mainly water

[0347] Wherein at least one of the two liquid phases comprises polyalkylene oxide

[0348] Wherein the liquid phase comprising polyalkylene oxide has a density greater than the density of pure or isolated polyalkylene oxide.

[0349] Wherein the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0350] · A polypropylene glycol composition comprising:

[0351] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 264 / 372 87 / 174 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polypropylene glycol with a number average molecular weight less than or equal to 5,000

[0352] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0353] · Wherein the composition comprises at least two liquid phases when at a temperature above a cloud point temperature and wherein:

[0354] At least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises polypropylene glycol

[0355] At least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises water

[0356] Wherein the liquid phase comprising polypropylene glycol has a viscosity of less than 100cP at 20 °C

[0357] Wherein the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0358] · A polypropylene glycol composition comprising:

[0359] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 60 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polypropylene glycol having a number average molecular weight less than or equal to 5,000

[0360] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0361] · Wherein the composition comprises at least two phases Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 265 / 372 88 / 174 liquids when at a temperature above a cloud point temperature and where:

[0362] At least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises polypropylene glycol

[0363] At least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises water

[0364] Wherein the liquid phase comprising polypropylene glycol has a viscosity of less than 50 cP at 20 °C

[0365] · A polypropylene glycol composition comprising:

[0366] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 60 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polypropylene glycol having a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 1,000 and less than or equal to 5,000

[0367] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0368] · Wherein the composition comprises at least two liquid phases when at a temperature above a cloud point temperature and wherein:

[0369] At least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises polypropylene glycol

[0370] At least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises water

[0371] Wherein the liquid phase comprising polypropylene glycol has a viscosity of less than 100cP at 20 °C Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 266 / 372 89 / 174

[0372] · A polypropylene glycol composition comprising:

[0373] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 60 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polypropylene glycol having a number average molecular weight less than or equal to 5,000

[0374] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0375] · Wherein the composition comprises at least two liquid phases when at a temperature above a cloud point temperature and wherein:

[0376] At least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises polypropylene glycol

[0377] At least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises water

[0378] Wherein the liquid phase comprising polypropylene glycol has a viscosity (in cP) less than one or more or a combination of the following at 20 °C: 10 cP, or 20 cP, or 30 cP, or 40 cP, or 50 cP, or 60 cP or 500 cP

[0379] · A polypropylene glycol composition comprising:

[0380] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 80 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one polypropylene glycol having a number average molecular weight less than or equal to 5,000

[0381] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 267 / 372 90 / 174

[0382] · Wherein the composition comprises at least two liquid phases when at a temperature above a cloud point temperature and wherein:

[0383] At least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises polypropylene glycol

[0384] At least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises water

[0385] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a liquid, comprising:

[0386] · Phase transition of a composition comprising a polyalkylene oxide and water in two liquid phases

[0387] In which at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises mainly water

[0388] Wherein at least one of the two liquid phases comprises polyalkylene oxide

[0389] Wherein the liquid phase comprising polyalkylene oxide has a viscosity of less than 60 cP at 20 °C

[0390] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a liquid, comprising:

[0391] · Phase transition of a composition comprising a polyalkylene oxide and water in two liquid phases

[0392] Where at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises mainly water

[0393] Where at least one of the aforementioned two liquid phases Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 268 / 372 91 / 174 comprises polyalkylene oxide.

[0394] Where the liquid phase comprising polyalkylene oxide has a viscosity (in cP) less than one or more or a combination of the following at 20 °C: 10 cP, or 20 cP, or 30 cP, or 40 cP, or 50 cP, or 60 cP, or 70 cP, or 80 cP, or 90 cP, or 100 cP, or 110 cP, or 120 cP, or 130 cP, or 140 cP, or 150 cP, or 160 cP, or 170 cP, or 180 cP, or 190 cP, or 200 cP, or 300 cP, or 400 cP, or 500 cP

[0395] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a liquid, comprising:

[0396] · Phase transition of a composition comprising polypropylene glycol and water in two liquid phases

[0397] In which at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises mainly water

[0398] Wherein at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises polypropylene glycol

[0399] Wherein the liquid phase comprising polypropylene glycol has a viscosity (in cP) less than one or more or a combination of the following at 20 °C: 10 cP, or 20 cP, or 30 cP, or 40 cP, or 50 cP, or 60 cP or 500 cP

[0400] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a liquid, comprising:

[0401] · Phase transition of a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water in two liquid phases

[0402] In which at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises water Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 269 / 372 92 / 174

[0403] Wherein at least one of the two liquid phases comprises a glycol polymer

[0404] Where the liquid phase comprising glycol polymer has a viscosity (in cP) less than one or more or a combination of the following at 20 °C: 10 cP, or 20 cP, or 30 cP, or 40 cP, or 50 cP, or 60 cP, or 70 cP, or 80 cP, or 90 cP, or 100 cP, or 110 cP, or 120 cP, or 130 cP, or 140 cP, or 150 cP, or 160 cP, or 170 cP, or 180 cP, or 190 cP, or 200 cP, or 300 cP, or 400 cP, or 500 cP, or 600 cP, or 700 cP, or 800 cP, or 900 cP, or lOOOcP

[0405] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a liquid, comprising:

[0406] · Phase transition of a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water in two liquid phases

[0407] Where at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises water

[0408] Wherein at least one of the two liquid phases comprises a glycol polymer with an average molecular number greater than or equal to 1000

[0409] Wherein the liquid phase comprising a glycol polymer having an average molecular number greater than or equal to 1000 has a viscosity (in cP) less than one or more or a combination of the following at 20 °C: 10 cP or 20 cP or 190 cP, or 200 cP, or 300 cP, or 400 cP, or 500 cP, or 600 cP, or 700 cP, or 800 cP, or 900 cP, or 1000 cP

[0410] · A process for the liquid-liquid phase transition of a liquid, comprising:

[0411] · Phase transition of a composition comprising an oxide Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 270 / 372 93 / 174 polyalkylene and water in two liquid phases

[0412] In which at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises water

[0413] Wherein at least one of the two liquid phases mentioned comprises a polyalkylene oxide having an average molecular number greater than or equal to 400

[0414] Where the liquid phase comprising a glycol polymer having an average molecular number greater than or equal to 400 has a viscosity (in cP) less than one or more or a combination of the following at 20 °C: 10 cP or 20 cP or 190 cP, or 200 cP, or 300 cP, or 400 cP, or 500 cP, or 600 cP, or 700 cP, or 800 cP, or 900 cP, or 1000 cP

[0415] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0416] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one reagent

[0417] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0418] · Where the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0419] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0420] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a polyalkylene oxide

[0421] or From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 271 / 372 94 / 174 of 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0422] · Where the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0423] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0424] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a glycol polymer

[0425] or From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0426] · Where the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0427] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0428] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a glycol polymer

[0429] or From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0430] · Where the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0431] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 272 / 372 95 / 174 comprising:

[0432] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a glycol polymer

[0433] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0434] · Where the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0435] · Wherein at least part of the enthalpy of the phase transition temperature range is different from the cloud point temperature

[0436] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0437] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a reagent

[0438] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0439] · Wherein the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0440] · Wherein at least part of the enthalpy of the phase transition temperature range is different from the cloud point temperature

[0441] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 273 / 372 96 / 174 comprising:

[0442] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a reagent

[0443] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0444] · Where the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0445] · In which at least part of the heat absorbed or released by the phase transition enthalpy occurs at a temperature different from the cloud point temperature

[0446] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0447] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a reagent

[0448] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0449] · Where the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0450] · Wherein at least 10%, or 20%, or 30%, or 40%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70%, or 80%, or 90% of the heat absorbed or released by the phase transition enthalpy occurs at a temperature different from the cloud point temperature Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 274 / 372 97 / 174

[0451] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0452] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a reagent

[0453] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0454] · Where the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0455] · In which at least 50% of the heat absorbed or released by the phase transition enthalpy occurs at a temperature different from the cloud point

[0456] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0457] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a reagent

[0458] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0459] · Where the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0460] · Where the peak enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition occurs at a temperature different from the cloud point temperature Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 275 / 372 98 / 174

[0461] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0462] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a reagent

[0463] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0464] · Wherein the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0465] · Wherein the peak enthalpy at the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature differs from the cloud point temperature by more than 0.5 °K

[0466] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0467] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a reagent

[0468] · From about 1 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of water

[0469] · Where the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0470] · Where the peak enthalpy at the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature differs from the cloud point temperature by more than 0.5 °K, or 1 °K, or 1.5 °K, or 2 °K, or 2.5 °K, or 3 °K, or 3.5 °K, or Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 276 / 372 99 / 174 °K, or 4.5 °K, or 5 °K, or 5.5 °K, or 6 °K, or 6.5 °K, or 7 °K, or 7.5 °K, or 8 °K, or 8.5 °K, or 9 °K, or 9.5 °K, or 10 °K, or a combination thereof.

[0471] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0472] · From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a polypropylene glycol

[0473] o From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a glycol ether

[0474] o From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a water

[0475] · Wherein the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0476] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0477] · From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a polypropylene glycol

[0478] · From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a glycol ether

[0479] · From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a water

[0480] · Where the number of particles per mL is less than 10, or 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 130, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 180, or 190, or 200, or 250, Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 277 / 372 100 / 174 or 300, or 350, or 400, or 450, or 500, or 550, or 600, or a combination thereof at a temperature of 0.25 °K, or 0.5 °K, or 0.75 °K, or 1 °K, or 1.5 °K, or 2 °K, or 2.5 °K, or 3 °K, or 3.5 °K, or 4 °K, or 4.5 °K, or 5 °K, or 5.5 °K, or 6 °K, or 6.5 °K, or 7 °K, or 7.5 °K, or 8 °K, or 8.5 °K, or 9 °K, or 9.5 °K, or 10 °K below the cloud point temperature

[0481] · Wherein the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0482] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0483] · From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a glycol polymer

[0484] · From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a glycol ether

[0485] · From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a water

[0486] · Wherein the number of particles per mL is less than 10, or 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 130, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 180, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 350, or 400, or 450, or 500, or 550, or 600, or a combination thereof at a temperature of 0.25oK, or 0.5oK, or 0.75oK, or 10K, or 1.5oK, or 2oK, or 2.5oK, or 3oK, or 3.5°K, or 4°K, or 4.5°K, or 5°K, or 5.5°K, or 6°K, or 6.5°K, or 7°K, or 7.5°K, or 8°K, or 8.5°K, or 9°K, or 9.5°K, or 10°K below the cloud point temperature Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 278 / 372 101 / 174

[0487] · Wherein the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0488] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0489] · From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a polypropylene glycol

[0490] · From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a glycol ether

[0491] · From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a water

[0492] · Where the number of particles per mL increases by more than 10%, or 20%, or 30%, or 40%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70%, or 80%, or 90%, or 95%, or 99% at a cloud point temperature

[0493] · Where the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0494] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0495] · From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a glycol polymer

[0496] · From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a glycol ether Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 279 / 372 102 / 174

[0497] · From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a water

[0498] · Where the number of particles per mL increases by more than 10%, or 20%, or 30%, or 40%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70%, or 80%, or 90%, or 95%, or 99% at a cloud point temperature

[0499] · Where the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof.

[0500] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0501] · From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a glycol polymer

[0502] · From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 70 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a glycol ether

[0503] · From about 0.5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to about 99 percent (by weight of the total composition) of a water

[0504] · Where the viscosity of an organic liquid phase is less than 10 cP, or 20 cP, or 30 cP, or 40 cP, or 50 cP, or 60 cP, or 70 cP, or 80 cP, or 90 cP, or 100 cP, or 110 cP, or 120 cP, or 130 cP, or 140 cP, or 150 cP, or 160 cP, or 170 cP, or 180 cP, or 190 cP, or 200 cP, or 300 cP, or 400 cP, or 500 cP

[0505] · Where the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition is greater than 2.5 kJ per kg, or 5 kJ per kg, or 7.5 kJ per kg, or 10 kJ per kg, or 12.5 kJ per kg, or 15 kJ per kg, or 17.5 kJ per kg, or 20 kJ per kg, or a combination thereof. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 280 / 372 103 / 174

[0506] · A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0507] · from about 1 to about 70 percent by weight of the total composition of a liquid-liquid phase transition reagent;

[0508] · from about 1 to about 99 percent by weight of the total water composition;

[0509] · where the enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition of the composition is greater than 5 kJ per kg of composition; and

[0510] · wherein the peak enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature of the composition differs from the cloud point temperature by more than 0.5oK with the cloud point measured by a laser particle counting method and the peak enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition measured by a Mettler Toledo RC1 calorimeter.

[0511] · A glycol polymer composition comprising:

[0512] · from about 1 to about 80 percent by weight of the total composition of at least one polypropylene glycol having a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 1,200 and less than or equal to 3,000;

[0513] · from about 1 to about 99 percent by weight of the total water composition;

[0514] · from about 0.5 to about 50 percent by weight of a glycol ether

[0515] · Wherein the number of particles per mL of the composition is less than 200, as measured by a laser particle counting method.

[0516] · 1. A glycol polymer composition comprising: Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 281 / 372 104 / 174

[0517] · from about 1 to about 80 percent by weight of the total composition of at least one polypropylene glycol having a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 1,200 and less than or equal to 3,000;

[0518] · from about 1 to about 99 percent by weight of the total water composition;

[0519] · Wherein (1) the solution comprises a combined single-phase liquid solution at a temperature below 5 °C, as determined by a laser particle counting method; and

[0520] · (2) liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg, as measured by a Mettler Toledo RC1 calorimeter.

[0521] · A glycol polymer composition comprising:

[0522] · from about 1 to about 80 percent by weight of the total composition of at least one polypropylene glycol having a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 2,000 and less than or equal to 3,000;

[0523] · from about 1 to about 99 percent by weight of the total water composition;

[0524] · Wherein (1) the number of particles per mL of the composition is less than 200, as measured by a laser particle counting method at a temperature below 5 °C, as determined by a laser particle counting method; and

[0525] · (2) liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg, as measured by a Mettler Toledo RC1 calorimeter.

[0526] · 1. A glycol polymer composition comprising:

[0527] · from about 1 to about 80 percent by weight of the total composition of at least one polypropylene glycol with an average molecular weight Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 282 / 372 105 / 174 numerical value greater than or equal to 2,000 and less than or equal to 3,000;

[0528] · from about 1 to about 99 percent by weight of the total water composition;

[0529] · Where (1) the composition comprises a combined single-phase liquid solution at a temperature below 5 °C which may be defined as determined by the number of particles per mL of the composition where the number of particles per mL of the composition is less than 10, or 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 110, or 120, or 130, or 140, or 150, or 160, or 170, or 180, or 190, or 200, or 250, or 300, or 350, or 400, or 450, or 500, or 550, or 600 or a combination thereof as measured by a laser particle counting method at a temperature below 5 °C; and

[0530] · (2) liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg, as measured by a Mettler Toledo RC1 calorimeter.

[0531] · A liquid-liquid phase transition process comprising:

[0532] · form a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water;

[0533] · phase transition of the composition at or above the cloud point temperature of the composition to form at least two liquid phases;

[0534] · wherein a first liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises more than 50% by weight of water;

[0535] · wherein a second liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises a glycol polymer; and

[0536] · wherein (1) the second liquid phase comprising a polymer Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 283 / 372 106 / 174 glycol has a higher density than the density of the liquid phase comprising mainly water according to a 'Mettler Toledo Excellence Density Meter'; and

[0537] · (2) liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg, as measured by a Mettler Toledo RC1 calorimeter.

[0538] · A liquid-liquid phase transition process comprising:

[0539] · form a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water;

[0540] · phase transition of the composition at or above the cloud point temperature of the composition to form at least two liquid phases;

[0541] · wherein a first liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises more than 50% by weight of water;

[0542] · wherein a second liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises a glycol polymer; and

[0543] · wherein (1) the second liquid phase comprising a glycol polymer has a density less than the density of a liquid comprising greater than or equal to 95% by weight, or 96% by weight, or 97% by weight, or 98% by weight, or 99% by weight, or 100% of the glycol polymer at the same temperature; and

[0544] · (2) liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg, as measured by a Mettler Toledo RC1 calorimeter.

[0545] · A liquid-liquid phase transition process comprising:

[0546] · form a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water; Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 284 / 372 107 / 174

[0547] · phase transition of the composition at or above the cloud point temperature of the composition to form at least two liquid phases;

[0548] · wherein a first liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises more than 50% by weight of water;

[0549] · wherein a second liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises a glycol polymer; and

[0550] · wherein (1) the second liquid phase comprising a glycol polymer has a density less than the density of a liquid comprising greater than or equal to 95% by weight, or 96% by weight, or 97% by weight, or 98% by weight, or 99% by weight glycol polymer at 20 °C; and

[0551] · (2) liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg, as measured by a Mettler Toledo RC1 calorimeter.

[0552] · A liquid-liquid phase transition process comprising:

[0553] · form a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water;

[0554] · phase transition of the composition at or above the cloud point temperature of the composition to form at least two liquid phases;

[0555] · wherein a first liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises more than 50% by weight of water;

[0556] · wherein a second liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises a glycol polymer; and

[0557] · wherein (1) the second liquid phase comprising a glycol polymer has a density greater than the density of a liquid Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 285 / 372 108 / 174 comprising greater than or equal to 95% by weight, or 96% by weight, or 97% by weight, or 98% by weight, or 99% by weight glycol polymer at the same temperature; and

[0558] · (2) liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg, as measured by a Mettler Toledo RC1 calorimeter.

[0559] · A liquid-liquid phase transition process comprising:

[0560] · form a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water;

[0561] · phase transition of the composition at or above the cloud point temperature of the composition to form at least two liquid phases;

[0562] · wherein a first liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises more than 50% by weight of water;

[0563] · wherein a second liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises a glycol polymer; and

[0564] · wherein (1) the second liquid phase comprising a glycol polymer has a density greater than the density of a liquid comprising greater than or equal to 95% by weight, or 96% by weight, or 97% by weight, or 98% by weight, or 99% by weight, or 100% of glycol polymer at 20 °C; and

[0565] · (2) liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg, as measured by a Mettler Toledo RC1 calorimeter.

[0566] · A composition in which:

[0567] · (1) an organic reagent has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of glycol polymer; and Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 286 / 372 109 / 174

[0568] · (2) a glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of the organic reagent

[0569] · And / or A composition in which '(1)' and '(2)' are different temperatures

[0570] · A composition in which the organic reagent and the glycol polymer exhibit a combined cloud point

[0571] · A composition in which:

[0572] · (1) Glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of the organic reagent

[0573] · (2) composition has a combined cloud point

[0574] · (3) wherein the temperature of '(1)' differs from the temperature of '(2)' by more than + / - 0.1 °K, or + / - 0.2 °K, or + / - 0.3 °K, + / - 0.4 °K, + / - 0.5 °K, + / - 0.6 °K, + / - 0.7 °K, + / - 0.8 °K, + / - 0.9 °K, + / - 1 °K, or + / - 1.5 °K, or + / - 2 °K, or + / - 2.5 °K, or + / - 3 °K, or + / - 3.5 °K, or + / - 4 °K, or + / - 4.5 °K, or + / - 5 °K, or + / - 5.5 °K, or + / - 6 °K, or + / - 6.5 °K, or + / - 7 °K, or + / - 7.5°K, or + / - 8°K, or + / - 8.5°K, or + / - 9°K, or + / - 9.5°K, or + / - 10°K

[0575] · A composition in which:

[0576] · (1) organic reagent has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of the organic reagent

[0577] · (2) composition has a combined cloud point

[0578] · (3) wherein the temperature of '(1)' differs from the temperature of '(2)' by more than + / - 0.1 °K, or + / - 0.2 °K, or + / - 0.3 °K, + / - 0.4 °K, + / - 0.5 °K, + / - 0.6 °K, + / - 0.7 °K, + / - 0.8 °K, + / - 0.9 °K, + / - 1 °K, or + / - 1.5 °K, or + / - 2 °K, or + / - 2.5 °K, or + / - 3 °K, or + / - 3.5 °K, or + / - 4 °K, or Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 287 / 372 110 / 174 + / - 4.5°K, or + / - 5°K, or + / - 5.5°K, or + / - 6°K, or + / - 6.5°K, or + / 7°K, or + / - 7.5°K, or + / - 8°K, or + / - 8.5°K, or + / - 9°K, or + / - 9.5°K, or + / - 10°K

[0579] · A composition in which:

[0580] · (1) organic reagent has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of glycol polymer; and

[0581] · (2) Glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of the organic reagent

[0582] · (3) the composition has a combined cloud point

[0583] · (4) the temperature of '(3)' is different from the temperature of '(1)', or '(2)', or both

[0584] · Wherein the organic reagent is insoluble in water in the absence of glycol polymer or has a solubility of less than 10 g / L at a temperature

[0585] Example of an Exemplary Modality:

[0586] A cooling process comprising:

[0587] A refrigeration cycle and a liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid

[0588] In which the said refrigeration cycle cools the said liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid

[0589] Wherein said cooling comprises cooling said liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid from a 'return temperature' to a 'supply temperature' Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 288 / 372 111 / 174

[0590] Where the said 'supply temperature' is lower than the said 'return temperature'

[0591] Where there is a temperature difference between the said 'supply temperature' and the said 'return temperature'

[0592] Wherein the heat transferred per kg of heat transfer liquid to cool said liquid-liquid phase transition liquid from said 'return temperature' to said 'supply temperature' is at least 1.3 times greater than if said heat transfer liquid were water.

[0593] A cooling process comprising:

[0594] A refrigeration cycle and a liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid

[0595] In which the said refrigeration cycle cools the said liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid

[0596] Wherein said cooling comprises cooling said liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid from a 'return temperature' to a 'supply temperature'

[0597] Where the said 'supply temperature' is lower than the said 'return temperature'

[0598] Where there is a temperature difference between the said 'supply temperature' and the said 'return temperature'

[0599] Wherein the heat transferred per kg of heat transfer liquid to cool said liquid-liquid phase transition liquid from said 'return temperature' to said 'supply temperature' is at least 30% greater than if said liquid of Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 289 / 372 112 / 174 heat transfer for water

[0600] A heating process comprising:

[0601] A refrigeration cycle and a liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid

[0602] In which the said refrigeration cycle heats the said liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid

[0603] Where said heating comprises heating said liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid from a 'return temperature' to a 'supply temperature'

[0604] Where the said 'supply temperature' is greater than the said 'return temperature'

[0605] Where there is a temperature difference between the said 'supply temperature' and the said 'return temperature'

[0606] Wherein the heat transferred per kg of heat transfer liquid to heat said liquid-liquid phase transition liquid from said 'return temperature' to said 'supply temperature' is at least 1.3 times greater than if said heat transfer liquid were water.

[0607] A heating process comprising:

[0608] A refrigeration cycle and a liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer fluid

[0609] In which the said refrigeration cycle heats the said liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 290 / 372 113 / 174

[0610] Wherein said heating comprises heating said liquid-liquid phase transition heat transfer liquid from a 'return temperature' to a 'supply temperature'

[0611] Where the said 'supply temperature' is greater than the said 'return temperature'

[0612] Where there is a temperature difference between the said 'supply temperature' and the said 'return temperature'

[0613] Wherein the heat transferred per kg of heat transfer liquid to heat said liquid-liquid phase transition liquid from said 'return temperature' to said 'supply temperature' is at least 30% greater than if said heat transfer liquid were water.

[0614] Example of an Exemplary Modality:

[0615] A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0616] A solution of two or more reagents

[0617] Wherein the said solution has a phase transition enthalpy peak at a temperature different from the initial cloud point temperature

[0618] The initial cloud point temperature may involve the temperature at which a solution undergoes an increase in particle count in response to a change in temperature.

[0619] A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising: Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 291 / 372 114 / 174

[0620] A solution of two or more reagents

[0621] Wherein the said solution has a phase transition enthalpy peak at a temperature different from the cloud point temperature

[0622] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution comprising:

[0623] A solution of two or more reagents

[0624] In which at least one reagent comprises water

[0625] And comprising one or more other reagents

[0626] Wherein the said solution has a phase transition enthalpy peak at a temperature different from the initial cloud point temperature

[0627] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution comprising:

[0628] A solution of two or more reagents

[0629] Wherein the said solution has a phase transition enthalpy peak at a temperature different from the initial cloud point temperature

[0630] Wherein said solution may comprise a multiliquid phase solution below said peak enthalpy of the phase transition temperature and a multiliquid phase solution above said peak enthalpy of the phase transition temperature

[0631] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution comprising:

[0632] Two or more liquid phases

[0633] In which the aforementioned two or more liquid phases transition from phase Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 292 / 372 115 / 174 liquid-liquid for two or more different liquid phases

[0634] In which the said phase transition has a phase transition enthalpy

[0635] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution comprising:

[0636] Two or more liquid phases

[0637] In which the aforementioned two or more liquid phases transition from liquid-liquid phase to two or more different liquid phases.

[0638] In which the said phase transition has a phase transition enthalpy greater than 5 kJ per kg of solution

[0639] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising:

[0640] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition over a temperature range,

[0641] In which the liquid-liquid phase transition absorbs or releases heat or exhibits a phase transition enthalpy,

[0642] Wherein at least 90% of said heat absorbed or heat released or enthalpy of phase transition occurs when the liquid-liquid phase transition solution is in phase transition from one multiliquid phase solution to another multiliquid phase solution

[0643] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising:

[0644] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition over a temperature range,

[0645] In which the aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy, Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 293 / 372 116 / 174

[0646] Wherein at least 90% of said phase transition enthalpy occurs when the liquid-liquid phase transition solution is in phase transition from a multiliquid phase solution to a different multiliquid phase solution

[0647] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising:

[0648] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition over a temperature range,

[0649] In which the aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy,

[0650] Wherein at least 90% of said phase transition enthalpy occurs when the liquid-liquid phase transition solution is in phase transition from a multiliquid phase solution to a different multiliquid phase solution

[0651] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising:

[0652] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition over a temperature range,

[0653] In which the aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy,

[0654] Wherein at least 80% of said phase transition enthalpy occurs when the liquid-liquid phase transition solution is in phase transition from a multiliquid phase solution to a different multiliquid phase solution.

[0655] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising:

[0656] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition over a temperature range, Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 294 / 372 117 / 174

[0657] In which the aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy,

[0658] Wherein at least 70% of said phase transition enthalpy occurs when the liquid-liquid phase transition solution is in phase transition from a multiliquid phase solution to a different multiliquid phase solution.

[0659] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising:

[0660] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition over a temperature range,

[0661] In which the aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy,

[0662] Wherein at least 60% of said phase transition enthalpy occurs when the liquid-liquid phase transition solution is in phase transition from a multiliquid phase solution to a different multiliquid phase solution

[0663] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising:

[0664] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition over a temperature range,

[0665] In which the aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy,

[0666] Wherein at least 50% of said phase transition enthalpy occurs when the liquid-liquid phase transition solution is in phase transition from a multiliquid phase solution to a different multiliquid phase solution.

[0667] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising: Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 295 / 372 118 / 174

[0668] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition over a temperature range,

[0669] In which the aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy,

[0670] Wherein at least 40% of said phase transition enthalpy occurs when the liquid-liquid phase transition solution is in phase transition from a multiliquid phase solution to a different multiliquid phase solution

[0671] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising:

[0672] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition over a temperature range,

[0673] In which the aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy,

[0674] Wherein at least 30% of said phase transition enthalpy occurs when the liquid-liquid phase transition solution is in phase transition from a multiliquid phase solution to a different multiliquid phase solution

[0675] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising:

[0676] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition over a temperature range,

[0677] In which the aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy,

[0678] Wherein at least 20% of said phase transition enthalpy occurs when the liquid-liquid phase transition solution is in phase transition from a multiliquid phase solution to a solution Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 296 / 372 119 / 174 of different multiliquid phase

[0679] A liquid-liquid phase transition comprising:

[0680] A liquid-liquid phase transition solution that exhibits a liquid-liquid phase transition over a temperature range,

[0681] In which the aforementioned liquid-liquid phase transition exhibits a phase transition enthalpy,

[0682] Wherein at least 10% of said phase transition enthalpy occurs when the liquid-liquid phase transition solution is in phase transition from a multiliquid phase solution to a different multiliquid phase solution.

[0683] A liquid-liquid phase transition in which:

[0684] A liquid phase transition from a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases.

[0685] In which the said phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity greater than 4.5 J / g °C over a temperature range of 10 °K

[0686] A liquid-liquid phase transition in which:

[0687] A liquid phase transition from a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases.

[0688] In which the said phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity greater than 5 J / g °C over a temperature range of 10 °K Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 297 / 372 120 / 174

[0689] A liquid-liquid phase transition in which:

[0690] A liquid phase transition from a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases.

[0691] In which the said phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity greater than 5 J / g °C over a temperature range of 8 °K

[0692] A liquid-liquid phase transition in which:

[0693] A liquid phase transition from a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases.

[0694] Wherein the said phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity greater than 5.5 J / g °C over a temperature range of 10 °K

[0695] A liquid-liquid phase transition in which:

[0696] A liquid phase transition from a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases.

[0697] Wherein the said phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity greater than 5.8 J / g °C over a temperature range of 10 °K

[0698] A liquid-liquid phase transition in which:

[0699] A liquid phase transition from a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 298 / 372 121 / 174

[0700] In which the said phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity greater than 6 J / g °C over a temperature range of 10 °K

[0701] A liquid-liquid phase transition in which:

[0702] A liquid phase transition from a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases.

[0703] In which the said phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity greater than 6 J / g °C over a temperature range of 5 °K

[0704] A liquid-liquid phase transition in which:

[0705] A liquid phase transition from a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases.

[0706] Wherein the said phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity greater than 5 J / g °C over a temperature range of 5 °K

[0707] A liquid-liquid phase transition in which:

[0708] A liquid phase transition from a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases.

[0709] Wherein the said phase transition has an effective specific heat capacity greater than _J / g °C in a temperature range of _ °K

[0710] Example of Exemplary Modality 1: Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 299 / 372 122 / 174

[0711] A liquid-liquid phase transition composition comprising:

[0712] A glycol ether solvent; and

[0713] Polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, PEG-PPG-PEG, PEG-PEGPPG, PPG-PEG-PEG, PPG-PPG-PEG, PPG-PEG-PPG, PPG-PPG-PEG, a polymer with PEG and PPG blocks, a polymer with PEG and at least one ether group, a polymer with PPG and at least one ether group, or a combination thereof; and

[0714] Water

[0715] Wherein the phase transition enthalpy is more than 30% greater than the heat capacity of water in at least a 3 °K temperature range

[0716] Example of Modality 2 Example:

[0717] A liquid-liquid phase transition in which:

[0718] A liquid phase transition from a solution containing one or more liquid phases to a solution containing one or more different liquid phases.

[0719] In which the said phase transition has a phase transition enthalpy that occurs in a temperature range above 2 °K

[0720] Wherein the said phase transition occurs at least in a temperature range of 8-10 °C, 9-11 °C

[0721] · 1. Liquid-liquid phase transition process, comprising:

[0722] · form a composition comprising a glycol polymer and Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 300 / 372 123 / 174 water;

[0723] · phase transition of the composition at or above the cloud point temperature of the composition to form at least two liquid phases;

[0724] · wherein a first liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises more than 50% by weight of water;

[0725] · wherein a second liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises a glycol polymer; and

[0726] · wherein (1) the second liquid phase comprising a glycol polymer has a density lower than the density of the liquid phase comprising more than 50% by weight of water according to ASTM D1122; and

[0727] · (2) liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg, measured by a mixing calorimeter.

[0728] · 2. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 1, in which the glycol polymer comprises a polypropylene glycol.

[0729] · 3. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 1 in which the glycol polymer comprises a polyethylene glycol.

[0730] · 4. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 1, in which the glycol polymer comprises a block copolymer.

[0731] · 5. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 4, in which the block copolymer is selected from PEG-Ran-PG, or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEGPPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or any combination thereof.

[0732] · 6. The process, according to exemplary modality 1 in which the Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 301 / 372 124 / 174 glycol polymer has an average molecular number greater than or equal to 1,000 and less than or equal to 3,000.

[0733] ​​· 7. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 1, in which the second phase comprising a glycol polymer further comprises a glycol ether.

[0734] · 8. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 7, in which said glycol ether is selected from an alkylene glycol alkyl ether, a dialkylene glycol alkyl ether, a trialkylene glycol alkyl ether, a dialkyl alkylene glycol or any combination thereof, in which alkyl is a C1-C6 alkyl.

[0735] · 9. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 7 in which the cloud point comprises a combined cloud point.

[0736] · 10. A glycol polymer composition comprising:

[0737] · from about 1 to about 80 percent by weight of the total composition of at least one glycol polymer having a number average molecular weight of less than or equal to 3,000;

[0738] · from about 1 to about 99 percent by weight of the total composition of water;

[0739] wherein the composition comprises a cloud point temperature above which a liquid phase comprising glycol polymer forms due to a liquid-liquid phase transition and wherein (1) the density of the liquid phase formed is less than 1 gram per mL; and

[0740] · (2) liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg, measured by a mixing calorimeter.11. The composition, according to exemplary embodiment 10, further comprising from about 0.25 to about 30 percent by weight of the total composition of an organic reagent having a density less than 1 g / mL at 10 °C. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 302 / 372 125 / 174

[0741] · 12. The composition, according to exemplary embodiment 11 wherein (1) said organic reagent has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of glycol polymer; and (2) said glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of the organic reagent.

[0742] · 13. The composition, according to exemplary embodiment 12 in which (1) and (2) are different temperatures.

[0743] · 14. The composition, according to exemplary embodiment 11 in which said organic reagent and glycol polymer exhibit a combined cloud point.

[0744] · 15. The composition, according to exemplary embodiment 11 wherein (1) said glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of the organic reagent; (2) said composition has a combined cloud point; and (3) wherein the temperature of '(1)' differs from the temperature of '(2)' by more than + / - 0.3 degrees K.

[0745] · 16. The composition, according to exemplary embodiment 11 wherein: (1) said organic reagent has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of glycol polymer; (2) said glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of the organic reagent; (3) said composition has a combined cloud point; and (4) wherein the temperature of '(3)' is different from the temperature of '(1)', or '(2)', or both.

[0746] · 17. A glycol polymer composition comprising:

[0747] · from about 1 to about 80 percent by weight of the total composition of at least one polypropylene glycol having a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 2,000 and less than or equal to 3,000; Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 303 / 372 126 / 174

[0748] · from about 1 to about 99 percent by weight of the total water composition;

[0749] · wherein (1) the composition comprises a single combined liquid-phase solution at a temperature below 5 °C which may be defined as determined by the number of particles per mL of the composition wherein the number of particles per mL of the composition is less than 150 as measured by laser particle counting at a temperature below 5 °C; and

[0750] · (2) liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg, measured by a mixing calorimeter.

[0751] · 18. The composition, according to exemplary embodiment 17, further comprising from about 0.5 to about 50 percent by weight of a glycol ether.

[0752] · 19. Liquid-liquid phase transition process, comprising:

[0753] · form a composition comprising a glycol polymer with an average molecular number greater than or equal to 1000 and water; and

[0754] · phase transition of the composition into at least two liquid phases;

[0755] · wherein a first liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises more than 50% by weight of water;

[0756] · wherein a second liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises the glycol polymer having an average molecular number greater than or equal to 1000;

[0757] · wherein the second liquid phase comprising the glycol polymer has a dynamic viscosity of less than 100cP at 25 °C wherein the Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 304 / 372 127 / 174 viscosity is measured in the second liquid phase as a separate non-contiguous phase using a viscometer; and

[0758] · where the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg of composition as measured by a mixing calorimeter.

[0759] · 20. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 19 in which the second liquid phase further comprises a density-reducing reagent.

[0760] · 21. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 19 in which the second liquid phase further comprises a density-increasing reagent.

[0761] · 22. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 19 in which the second liquid phase further comprises a viscosity-reducing reagent.

[0762] · 23. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 19 in which the second liquid phase further comprises a glycol ether.

[0763] · 24. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 23 in which glycol ether and glycol polymer have a combined cloud point.

[0764] · 25. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 19 in which the glycol polymer comprises at least 50% by weight of the second liquid phase based on the total weight of the second phase.

[0765] · 26. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 19, in which the glycol polymer comprises at least 80% by weight of the second liquid phase based on the total weight of the second phase.

[0766] · 27. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 19 in which the second liquid phase comprises less than 20% by weight of aqueous phase based on the total weight of the second phase. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 305 / 372 128 / 174

[0767] · 28. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 19 in which the cloud point temperature of the composition is above 25 °C.

[0768] · 29. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 19 in which the cloud point temperature of the composition is less than 25 °C.

[0769] · 1. Liquid-liquid phase transition process, comprising:

[0770] · form a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water;

[0771] · phase transition of the composition at or above the cloud point temperature of the composition to form at least two liquid phases wherein the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg, measured by a calorimeter;

[0772] · wherein a first liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises more than 50% by weight. % water; and

[0773] · wherein a second liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises a glycol polymer and wherein:

[0774] · (1) the second liquid phase comprising a glycol polymer has a density lower than the density of the liquid phase comprising more than 50% by weight of water according to ASTM D1122; or

[0775] · (2) wherein the second liquid phase comprising the glycol polymer has a viscosity of less than 100cP at 25 °C wherein the viscosity is measured in the second liquid phase as a separate non-contiguous phase with a viscometer; or

[0776] · (3) both (1) and (2).

[0777] · Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 306 / 372 129 / 174

[0778] · 2. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 1 in which the glycol polymer has an average molecular number greater than or equal to 1,000 and less than or equal to 3,000.

[0779] ·

[0780] · 3. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 1 or exemplary embodiment 2, in which the glycol polymer comprises a polypropylene glycol.

[0781] · 4. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 1 or exemplary embodiment 2, in which the glycol polymer comprises a polyethylene glycol.

[0782] · 5. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 1 or exemplary embodiment 2, wherein the glycol polymer comprises a block copolymer selected from PEG-Ran-PG, or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or any combination thereof.

[0783] · 6. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 1 or exemplary embodiment 2, wherein the second liquid phase comprising a glycol polymer further comprises a glycol ether selected from an alkylene glycol ether, a dialkylene glycol alkyl ether, a trialkylene glycol alkyl ether, a dialkyl alkylene glycol, or any combination thereof, wherein alkyl is a C1-C6 alkyl.

[0784] · 7. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 1 or exemplary embodiment 2 in which the phase transition temperature comprises a combined cloud point.

[0785] · 8. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 1 or exemplary embodiment 2 in which the second liquid phase further comprises a density-reducing reagent, a density-enhancing reagent Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 307 / 372 130 / 174 density, a viscosity-reducing reagent, or any combination thereof.

[0786] · 9. The process, according to exemplary embodiment 1 or exemplary embodiment 2, wherein the glycol polymer comprises at least 80% by weight of the second liquid phase based on the total weight of the second phase and wherein the second liquid phase comprises less than 20% by weight of aqueous phase based on the total weight of the second phase.

[0787] · 10. A glycol polymer composition comprising:

[0788] · from about 1 to about 80 percent by weight of the total composition of at least one glycol polymer having a number average molecular weight of less than or equal to 3,000;

[0790] · wherein the composition comprises a cloud point temperature above which a liquid phase comprising glycol polymer forms due to a liquid-liquid phase transition and wherein (1) the density of the liquid phase formed is less than 1 gram per mL; and

[0791] · (2) liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg, measured by a calorimeter.

[0792] · 11. The composition, according to exemplary embodiment 10 in which the glycol polymer has a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 1000.

[0793] · 12. The composition, according to exemplary embodiment 10 or exemplary embodiment 11, further comprising from about 0.25 to about 30 percent by weight of the total composition of an organic reagent having a density of less than 1 g / mL at 10 °C, and wherein (1) said organic reagent has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of glycol polymer; (2) said glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of the reagent Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 308 / 372 131 / 174 organic; and wherein (1) and (2) are different temperatures greater than + / - 0.3 degrees K.

[0794] · 13. The composition, according to exemplary embodiment 10 or 11 in which said organic reagent and the glycol polymer exhibit a combined cloud point.

[0795] · 14. The composition, according to exemplary embodiment 10 or exemplary embodiment 11, further comprising from about 0.5 to about 50 percent by weight of a glycol ether selected from an alkyl ether of alkylene glycol, an alkyl dialkylene glycol ether, an alkyl trialkylene glycol ether, an alkylene glycol dialkyl, or any combination thereof, wherein alkyl is a C1-C6 alkyl.

[0796] · 15. The composition, according to exemplary embodiment 10 or exemplary embodiment 11, wherein the glycol polymer comprises a block copolymer selected from PEG-Ran-PG, or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or any combination thereof.

[0797] NOTES

[0798] · Note: The enthalpy of phase transition can be driven by the enthalpy of hydration or dehydration in one or more or a combination of liquid-liquid phase transition temperature ranges. A potentially useful indicator or characteristic of high enthalpy of phase transition reagents may include, but is not limited to, a low concentration of water in the non-aqueous or organic reagent(s) that may separate or separate the phases after or during a liquid-liquid phase transition. For example, low water concentration in a primarily non-aqueous reactant liquid phase may include, but is not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: or less than 70% by weight of H2O, or less than 65% by weight of H2O, less than 60% Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 309 / 372 132 / 174 by weight % of H2O, or less than 55% by weight of H2O, or less than 50% by weight of H2O, or less than 45% by weight of H2O, or less than 40% by weight of H2O, or less than 35% by weight of H2O, or less than 30% by weight of H2O, or less than 25% by weight of H2O, or less than 20% by weight of H2O, or less than 15% by weight of H2O, or less than 10% by weight of H2O, or less than 5% by weight of H2O.

[0799] · Note: A 'different multiliquid phase' solution may comprise a multiliquid phase solution with liquid phases comprising different proportions of reagents than another liquid-liquid phase transition solution. The overall composition of the overall multiliquid phase solutions being compared, when the amount of reagents in all liquid phases is taken into account, may be the same. However, the concentration or distribution or proportion of reagents or hydration level or morphology or a combination thereof of the reagents in each of the constituent liquid phases may be different.

[0800] · Note: The effective specific heat capacity of the liquid-liquid phase transition solutions introduced herein may be greater than, less than, or equal to, including but not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: 3.5 J / g °C, 3.6 J / g °C, 3.7 J / g °C, 3.8 J / g °C, 3.9 J / g °C, 4.0 J / g °C, 4.1 J / g °C, 4.2 J / g °C, 4.3 J / g °C, 4.4 J / g °C, 4.5 J / g °C, 4.6 J / g °C, 4.7 J / g °C, 4.8 J / g °C, 4.9 J / g °C, 5.0 J / g °C, 5.1 J / g °C, 5.2 J / g °C, 5.3 J / g °C, 5.4 J / g °C, 5.5 J / g °C, 5.6 J / g °C, 5.7 J / g °C, 5.8 J / g °C, 5.9 J / g °C, 6.0 J / g °C, 6.1 J / g °C, 6.2 J / g °C, 6.3 J / g °C, 6.4 J / g °C, 6.5 J / g °C, 6.6 J / g °C, 6.7 J / g °C, 6.8 J / g °C, 6.9 J / g °C, 7.0 J / g °C, 7.1 J / g °C, 7.2 J / g °C, 7.3 J / g °C, 7.4 J / g °C,7.5 J / g °C, 7.6 J / g °C, 7.7 J / g °C, 7.8 J / g °C, 7.9 J / g °C, 8.0 J / g °C,8.1 J / g °C, 8.2 J / g °C, 8.3 J / g °C, 8.4 J / g °C, 8.5 J / g °C, 8.6 J / g °C,8.7 J / g °C, 8.8 J / g °C, 8.9 J / g °C, 9.0 J / g °C, 9.1 J / g °C, 9.2 J / g °C, 9.3 J / g °C, 9.4 J / g °C, 9.5 J / g °C, 9.6 J / g °C, 9.7 J / g °C, 9.8 J / g °C, 9.9 Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 310 / 372 133 / 174 J / g °C, 10 J / g °C, 10.5 J / g °C, 11 J / g °C, 11.5 J / g °C, 12 J / g °C, 12.5 J / g °C, 13 J / g °C, 13.5 J / g °C, 14 J / g °C, 14.5 J / g °C, 15 J / g °C, 16 J / g °C, 17 J / g °C, 18 J / g °C, 19 J / g °C, 20 J / g °C, 25 J / g °C, 30 J / g °C, 35J / g °C, 40 J / g °C, 45 J / g °C, 50 J / g °C, 55 J / g °C, 60 J / g °C, 65 J / g °C, 70 J / g °C, 75 J / g °C, 80 J / g °C, 85 J / g °C, 90 J / g °C, 95 J / g °C, 100 J / g °C, 150 J / g °C, 200 J / g °C

[0801] · Note: The effective specific heat capacity of a liquid-liquid phase transition solution may be greater than or equal to the specific heat capacity of water over a greater or lesser temperature range or temperature difference, including but not limited to one or more or a combination of the following: 0.5 °K, 1 °K, 1.5 °K, 2 °K, 3 °K, 3.5 °K, 4 °K, 4.5 °K, 5 °K, 5.5 °K, 6 °K, 6.5 °K, 7 °K, 7.5 °K, 8 °K, 8.5 °K, 9 °K, 9.5 °K, 10 °K, 10.5 °K, 11 °K, 11.5 °K, 12 °K, 13 °K, 14 °K, 15 °K, 16 °K, 17 °K, 18°K, 19°K, 20°K, 25°K, 30°K, 35°K, 40°K, 45°K, 50°K

[0802] · Note: The effective specific heat capacity of a liquid-liquid phase transition solution may be greater than or equal to the baseline specific heat capacity of the solution over a temperature range or temperature difference greater than or less than, or equal to, including but not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: 0.5 °K, 1 °K, 1.5 °K, 2 °K, 3 °K, 3.5 °K, 4 °K, 4.5 °K, 5 °K, 5.5 °K, 6 °K, 6.5 °K, 7 °K, 7.5 °K, 8 °K, 8.5 °K, 9 °K, 9.5 °K, 10 °K, 10.5 °K, 11 °K, 11.5 °K, 12 °K, 13 °K, 14 °K, 15 °K, 16 °K, 17 °K °K, 18 °K, 19 °K, 20 °K, 25 °K, 30 °K, 35 °K, 40 °K, 45 °K, 50 °K

[0803] · Note: The effective specific heat capacity of a liquid-liquid phase transition solution may be greater than or equal to a specific heat capacity of 3.5 J / g °C, 3.6 J / g °C, 3.7 J / g °C, 3.8 J / g °C, or 3.9 J / g °C, or 4.0 J / g °C, or 4.1 J / g °C, or 4.2 J / g °C, or 4.3 J / g °C, or 4.4 J / g °C, or 4.5 J / g °C, or 4.6 J / g °C, or 4.7 J / g °C, or 4.8 J / g °C, or 4.9 J / g °C, or 5.0 J / g °C, or 5.1 J / g °C, or 5.2 Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 311 / 372 134 / 174 J / g °C or 6.3 J / g °C, or 6.4 J / g °C, or 6.5 J / g °C, or 6.6 J / g °C, or 6.7 J / g °C, or 6.8 J / g °C, or 6.9 J / g °C, or 7.0 J / g °C, or 7.1 J / g °C, or 7.2 J / g °C, or 7.3 J / g °C, or 7.4 J / g °C, or 7.5 J / g °C, or 7.6 J / g °C, or 7.7 J / g °C, or 7.8 J / g °C, or 7.9 J / g °C, or 8.0 J / g °C over a temperature range or temperature difference greater than or less than or equal to, including, but not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: 0.5 °K, or 1 °K, or 1.5 °K, or 2 °K, or 3 °K, or 3.5 °K, or 4 °K, or 4.5 °K, or 5 °K, or 5.5 °K, or 6 °K, or 6.5 °K, or 7 °K, or 7.5 °K, or 8 °K, or 8.5 °K, or 9 °K, or 9.5 °K, or 10 °K, or 10.5°K, or 11°K, or 11.5°K, or 12°K, or 13°K, or 14°K, or 15°K, or °K, or 17°K, or 18°K, or 19°K, or 20°K, or 25°K, or 30°K, or 35°K, or 40°K, or 45 °K, or 50 °K

[0804] · Note: Liquid-liquid phase transition facilitating reagents or salinizing reagents may include, but are not limited to, inorganic or organic salts or other reagents that may enhance one or more, or a combination of, properties that enable or facilitate liquid-liquid phase transition.The aforementioned properties may include, but are not limited to, liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range, liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, composition of the constituent liquid phases, concentration of water primarily in the non-aqueous liquid phase, residual concentration of non-water reagent in the primarily water liquid phase, liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, toxicity, volatility, flammability, cost, corrosion inhibitors, degradation inhibitors, anti-sealants, anti-scalants, anti-bioscalants, oxygen scavengers, pH buffers, density, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, surface tension, self-attracting forces, repulsive forces, coalescence properties, viscosity, or a combination thereof. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 312 / 372 135 / 174

[0805] · Note: Liquid-liquid phase separation facilitating reagents may include, but are not limited to, salts, either inorganic or organic, or other reagents that may enhance one or more or a combination of properties that enable or facilitate liquid phase separation. Such properties may include, but are not limited to, density, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, surface tension, self-attracting forces, repulsive forces, coalescence properties, viscosity, or a combination thereof.

[0806] · Note: Favorable properties for liquid-liquid phase transition may include, but are not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following properties: liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range, liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, composition of the constituent liquid phases, water concentration in the mostly non-aqueous liquid phase, residual concentration of non-water reagent in the mostly aqueous liquid phase, enthalpy of liquid-liquid phase transition, toxicity, volatility, flammability, cost, corrosion inhibitors, degradation inhibitors, anti-sealants, anti-scalants, anti-bioscalants, oxygen scavengers, pH buffers, density, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, surface tension, self-attracting forces, repelling forces, coalescence properties, viscosity, density, density difference between liquid phases, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, surface tension, self-attracting forces,repulsive forces, coalescing properties, viscosity, or a combination thereof.

[0807] · Note: Liquid-liquid phase transition facilitating reagents or liquid-liquid phase separation facilitating reagents or salinizing reagents or phase transition temperature adjustment reagents may include, but are not limited to, inorganic or organic salts, or other reagents that may improve one or more or one Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 313 / 372 136 / 174 combination of properties that enable or facilitate liquid-liquid phase transition. Such properties may include, but are not limited to, liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range, liquid-liquid phase transition temperature, composition of the constituent liquid phases, concentration of water primarily in the non-aqueous liquid phase, residual concentration of non-water reagent in primarily water liquid phase, liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, toxicity, volatility, flammability, cost, corrosion inhibitors, degradation inhibitors, anti-sealants, anti-scalants, anti-bioscalants, oxygen scavengers, pH buffers, density, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, surface tension, self-attracting forces, repulsive forces, coalescence properties, viscosity, or a combination thereof.

[0808] · Note: Liquid-liquid phase separation facilitating reagents or liquid-liquid phase transition facilitating reagents or salinizing reagents or phase transition temperature adjusting reagents may include, but are not limited to, inorganic or organic salts, or other reagents that may enhance one or more or a combination of properties that enable or facilitate liquid-liquid phase separation. Such properties may include, but are not limited to, density, hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, surface tension, self-attracting forces, repulsive forces, coalescence properties, viscosity, or a combination thereof.

[0809] · Note: Dextrose, maltodextrin, water-soluble sugars and many water-soluble sugar substitutes have been considered effective alternatives to salts or salt supplements for adjusting liquid-liquid phase transition temperature or 'salinizing'.

[0810] · Note: LCST: May involve a liquid composition undergoing an exothermic phase transition when transforming from two liquid phases to a single liquid phase and an endothermic phase transition when... Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 314 / 372 137 / 174 transform from a single liquid phase to two liquid phases.

[0811] · Note: UCST: May involve a liquid composition undergoing an exothermic phase transition when transforming from a single liquid phase to two liquid phases and an endothermic phase transition when transforming from two liquid phases to a single liquid phase.

[0812] · Note: 'Salinizing' reagent: May contain a salt or an organic or a combination thereof. May also be described as a phase transition temperature adjustment reagent.

[0813] · Examples of desirable properties of salts may include, but are not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following:

[0814] Ability to reduce the phase transition temperature or release salt from an organic composition with minimum salt concentration or osmotic pressure.

[0815] Insoluble or minimally soluble or only partially soluble or a combination thereof in an organic liquid phase

[0816] Ratio of phase transition temperature adjustment in relation to salt concentration or osmotic pressure of salt in solution

[0817] Phase transition enthalpy of a composition when a liquid-liquid phase transition is triggered by salting or phase transition temperature adjustment

[0818] Concentration of residual organic reagents in aqueous liquid phase after salinization and / or liquid-liquid phase transition

[0819] Chemical compatibility with other reagents and / or materials and / or equipment in the process

[0820] · Examples of desirable properties of organic materials used Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 315 / 372 138 / 174 for liquid-liquid phase transition adjustment, as a supplement or alternative to salts, may include, but are not limited to:

[0821] Ability to reduce the phase transition temperature or salinize an organic composition with minimum 'salinizing' reagent or concentration of reagent adjusting phase transition temperature or osmotic pressure.

[0822] Insoluble or minimally soluble or only partially soluble or a combination thereof in a predominantly organic liquid phase

[0823] Relationship of phase transition temperature adjustment with respect to 'salinizing' reagent or concentration of the phase transition temperature adjustment reagent or osmotic pressure of the 'salinizing' reagent or concentration of the phase transition temperature adjustment reagent in solution

[0824] Phase transition enthalpy of a composition when a liquid-liquid phase transition is triggered by 'salting' or phase transition temperature adjustment using said 'salting reagent' or phase transition temperature adjustment reagent

[0825] Concentration of residual organic reagents in aqueous liquid phase after salinization and / or liquid-liquid phase transition

[0826] Chemical compatibility with other reagents and / or materials and / or equipment in the process

[0827] · Note: If sugar or other biologically digestible reagents are used, it may be important to introduce biocides to prevent biofouling or biological degradation. For example, biocides may include, but are not limited to, biocides known in the art for liquid-phase applications. For example, biocides may include, but Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 316 / 372 139 / 174 without limitation, one or more or a combination thereof: chlorine or bromine or enzymes or chlorate, or bleach, or ammonia, or hydrogen sulfide, or carbon dioxide or oxygen scavenger, or salt, or acid, or base, or a combination thereof.

[0828] · Note: Organic reagents may include, but are not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following:

[0829] · Glycol ethers

[0830] · Glycol ether polymers may include, but are not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following:

[0831] Polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether

[0832] Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether

[0833] · Glycol Polymers

[0834] Polypropylene Glycol

[0835] Polyethylene glycol

[0836] Polymers Combining PEG and PPG

[0837] · PEG-PPG-PEG

[0838] · PPG-PEG-PPG

[0839] · 'Rand' Polymers

[0840] · Polyol polymers

[0841] · Ionic Liquids

[0842] · Reagents with liquid-liquid phase transition in water Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 317 / 372 140 / 174

[0843] · Reagents with a liquid-liquid phase transition in a solvent

[0844] · Ethers, glycol ethers, esters, alcohols, aldehydes, 2-butoxyethanol, Propylene glycol propyl ether, Dipropylene glycol butyl ether, Tripropylene glycol butyl ether, Dipropylene glycol, Dimethyl glycol ether, Propylene glycol diacetate, Propylene glycol phenyl ether, Tripropylene glycol n-butyl ether, Dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether, Propylene glycol n-butyl ether, Ether, Dipropylene glycol n-propyl ether, Propylene glycol n-propyl ether, Dipropylene glycol methyl ether acetate, Propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, Tripropylene glycol methyl ether, Dipropylene glycol methyl ether, Methyl ether of propylene glycol, ethylene glycol diacetate, ethylene glycol n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol n-butyl ether, triethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, phenyl ethylene glycol ether, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate,diethylene glycol hexyl ether,

[0845] · Note: Organic reagents may include, but are not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: polyglycols, or polyethers, or poly(alkylene oxides), or propylene glycol, or ethylene glycol, or polymers, or glycols, or ionic liquids, or polyethylene glycol ethers, or polypropylene glycol ethers, or glycol ethers, or polyols, or ethers, or propylene carbonate, or ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (2-methoxyethanol, CH30CH2CH2OH), or ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (2-ethoxyethanol, CH3CH2OCH2CH2OH), or ethylene glycol monopropyl ether (2-propoxyethanol, CH3CH2CH2OCH2CH2OH), or Ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether (2isopropoxyethanol, (CH3)2CH0CH2CH2OH), or ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (2-butoxyethanol, CH3CH2CH2CH2OCH2CH2OH), or ethylene glycol monophenyl ether (2-phenoxyethanol, C6H50CH2CH2OH), or monobenzyl ether of ethylene glycol (2-benzyloxyethanol, Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 318 / 372 141 / 174 C6H5CH2OCH2CH2OH), propylene glycol methyl ether, (1-methoxy-2-propanol, CH30CH2CH(OH)CH3), or diethylene glycol monomethyl ether (2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol, methyl carbitol, CH30CH2CH2OCH2CH2OH), or diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethanol, carbitol cellosolve or CH3CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH2OH) Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether (2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol, butyl carbitol, CH3CH2CH2CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH2OH), or C12-15 pareth-12 dipropylene glycol methyl ether, or ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (dimethoxyethane, CH30CH2CH2OCH3), or ethylene glycol diethyl ether (dietoxyethane, CH3CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH3), or ethylene glycol dibutyl ether (dibutoxyCH2CH2CH2CH3CH2 ... CH3CH2OCH2CH2OCOCH3), or ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate (2-butoxyethyl acetate, CH3CH2CH2CH2OCH2CH2OCOCH3), or propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (l-methoxy-2-propanol acetate), or ethylene glycol polymer-linked bis(3-methylsulfmyl)propionate, or poly(ethylene glycol) polymer-linked, or polypropylene glycol), or tolylene 2,4-diisocyanate-terminated, or dimethyl ether CH3-O-CH3, or diethyl ether CH3CH2-OCH2CH3, or tetrahydrofuran O(CH2)4, or dioxane O(C2H4)2O, or fluorocarbon compounds, or halogenated carbon compounds, or diethylene glycol hexyl ether, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, propylene glycol propyl ether, diethylene glycol hexyl ether or 2-butoxyethanol, or propylene glycol propyl ether, or diethylene glycol diethyl ether, or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, or dipropylene glycol butyl ether, or tripropylene glycol butyl ether, or dipropylene glycol n-propyl ether, or propylene glycol butyl ether,or dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, alkylene glycol alkyl ether, dialkylene glycol alkyl ether, alkyl ether of, Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 319 / 372 142 / 174 trialkylene glycol, alkylene glycol dialkyl ethers. 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate or 3-ethoxypropionic acid ethyl ester, or Alkylphenol Polyether, or Branched Secondary Alcohol Polyether, or Diethylene Glycol Ether, or Diethylene Glycol Ethyl Ether, or Diethylene Glycol Hexyl Ether, or Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether, or Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether, or Diethylene Glycol Monohexyl Ether, or Diethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether, or Diethylene Glycol Mono-N-butyl Ether, or Diethylene Glycol Mono-N-butyl Ether Acetate, or Diethylene Glycol N-butyl Ether, or Diethylene Glycol N-butyl Ether Acetate, or Diethylene Glycol Phenyl Ether, or Diisobutyl Ketone, or Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate, or Dipropylene Glycol Dimethyl Ether, or Dipropylene Glycol Methyl Ether, or Dipropylene Glycol Methyl Ether Acetate, or Dipropylene Glycol Mono Methyl Ether, or Dipropylene Glycol Mono Methyl Ether Acetate, or Dipropylene Glycol Mono N-Butyl Ether,or dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, or dipropylene glycol N-butyl ether, or dipropylene glycol N-propyl ether, or dipropylene glycol phenyl ether, or Eo / Po block polypolyether ether, or ethylene glycol monophenyl ether, or ethylene glycol hexyl ether, or ethylene glycol isopropyl ether, or ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, or ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, or ethylene glycol monohexyl ether, or ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, or ethylene glycol Mono N-Butyl Ether, or Ethylene Glycol Mono N-Butyl Ether Acetate, or Ethylene Glycol Mono Propyl Ether, or Ethylene Glycol N-Butyl Ether, or Ethylene Glycol N-Butyl Ether Acetate, or Ethylene Glycol Phenyl Ether, or Ethylene Glycol Propyl Ether, or Coalescing Glycol Ether, or Heptaoxyethylene Dodecyl Ether, or Mono and Diethylene Glycol Phenyl Ether, or Natural Vegetable Oil Polyether, or N-Butyl Propionate, or N-Pentyl Propionate, or Poly(Oxy-1,2-Ethanediyl), Alpha-Phenyl-Omega-Hydroxy, or Propylene Glycol Diacetate,or Propylene Glycol Methyl Ether, or propylene glycol acetate methyl ether, or monomethyl propylene glycol ether, or monomethyl acetate propylene glycol ether, or mono-N-butyl propylene glycol ether, mono-N-propyl propylene glycol ether or monopropylene propylene glycol ether or propylene glycol N-Butyl Ether, or N-Propyl Ether of Propylene Glycol, or Phenyl Ether of Propylene Glycol, Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 320 / 372 143 / 174 or Mono Butyl Triethylene Glycol Ether, or Methyl Tripropylene Glycol Ether, or Mono Methyl Tripropylene Glycol Ether, or Mono N-Butyl Tripropylene Glycol Ether

[0846] · Note: Alkyl may comprise Cl-6, or Cl-C7, or Cl-C8, or Cl-C9, or Cl-C1O, or Cl-C5, Cl-C4, or Cl-C11

[0847] · Note: The particle count per mL of a composition below a cloud point temperature may be less than, greater than, or equal to one or more or a combination of the following: 0, or 10, or 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 125, or 150, or 175, or 200, or 225, or 250, or 275, or 300, or 325, or 350, or 375, or 400, or 425, or 450, or 475, or 500, or 525, or 550, or 575, or 600, or 625, or 650, or 675, or 700, or 725, or 750, or 775, or 800, or 825, or 850, or 875, or 900, or 925, or 950, or 975, or 1000, or 1025, or 1050, or 1075, or 1100, or 1125, or 1150, or 1175, or 1200, or 1225, or 1250, or 1275, or 1300, or 1325, or 1350, or 1375, or 1400, or 1425, or 1450, or 1475, or 1500, or 1525, or 1550, or 1575, or 1600, or 1625, or 1650, or 1675, or 1700, or 1725, or 1750, or 1775, or 1800, or 1825, or 1850, or 1875, or 1900, or 1925, or 1950, or 1975, or 2000, or 2025, or 2050, or 2075, or 2100, or 2125, or 2150, or 2175, or 2200, or 2225,or 2250, or 2275, or 2300, or 2325, or 2350, or 2375, or 2400, or 2425, or 2450, or 2475, or 2500, or 2525, or 2550, or 2575, or 2600, or 2625, or 2650, or 2675, or 2700, or 2725, or 2750, or 2775, or 2800, or 2825, or 2850, or 2875, or 2900, or 2925, or 2950, ​​or 2975, or 3000,

[0848] · Note: The particle count per mL of a single liquid phase composition in turbulent flow may be less than or equal to one or more or a combination of the following: 0, or 10, or 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 125, or 150, or 175, or 200, or 225, or 250, or 275, or 300, or 325, or 350, or 375, or 400, or 425, or 450, or 475, or 500, or 525, or 550, or 575, or 600, or 625, Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 321 / 372 144 / 174 or 650, or 675, or 700, or 725, or 750, or 775, or 800, or 825, or 850, or 875, or 900, or 925, or 950, or 975, or 1000, or 1025, or 1050, or 1075, or 1100, or 1125, or 1150, or 1175, or 1200, or 1225, or 1250, or 1275, or 1300, or 1325, or 1350, or 1375, or 1400, or 1425, or 1450, or 1475, or 1500, or 1525, or 1550, or 1575, or 1600, or 1625, or 1650, or 1675, or 1700, or 1725, or 1750, or 1775, or 1800, or 1825, or 1850, or 1875, or 1900, or 1925, or 1950, or 1975, or 2000, or 2025, or 2050, or 2075, or 2100, or 2125, or 2150, or 2175, or 2200, or 2225, or 2250, or 2275, or 2300, or 2325, or 2350, or 2375, or 2400, or 2425, or 2450, or 2475, or 2500, or 2525, or 2550, or 2575, or 2600, or 2625, or 2650, or 2675, or 2700, or 2725, or 2750, or 2775, or 2800, or 2825, or 2850, or 2875, or 2900, or 2925, or 2950, ​​or 2975, or 3000

[0849] · Note: The particle count per mL of a multiliquid phase composition in turbulent flow may be greater than or equal to one or more or a combination of the following: 0, or 10, or 20, or 30, or 40, or 50, or 60, or 70, or 80, or 90, or 100, or 125, or 150, or 175, or 200, or 225, or 250, or 275, or 300, or 325, or 350, or 375, or 400, or 425, or 450, or 475, or 500, or 525, or 550, or 575, or 600, or 625, or 650, or 675, or 700, or 725, or 750, or 775, or 800, or 825, or 850, or 875, or 900, or 925, or 950, or 975, or 1000, or 1025, or 1050, or 1075, or 1100, or 1125, or 1150, or 1175, or 1200, or 1225, or 1250, or 1275, or 1300, or 1325, or 1350, or 1375, or 1400, or 1425, or 1450, or 1475, or 1500, or 1525, or 1550, or 1575, or 1600, or 1625, or 1650, or 1675, or 1700, or 1725, or 1750, or 1775, or 1800, or 1825, or 1850, or 1875, or 1900, or 1925, or 1950, or 1975, or 2000, or 2025, or 2050, or 2075, or 2100, or 2125, or 2150, or 2175, or 2200, or 2225, or 2250, or 2275,or 2300, or 2325, or 2350, or 2375, or 2400, or 2425, or 2450, or 2475, or 2500, or 2525, or 2550, or, 2575, or 2600, or 2625, or 2650, or 2675, or 2700, or 2725, or 2750, or 2775, or 2800, or 2825, or 2850, or 2875, or 2900, or 2925, or Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 322 / 372 145 / 174 2950, ​​or 2975, or 3000

[0850] · Note: The particle count per mL of a composition above a cloud point temperature may be less than, greater than, or equal to one or more or a combination of the following: 100, or 125, or 150, or 175, or 200, or 225, or 250, or 275, or 300, or 325, or 350, or 375, or 400, or 425, or 450, or 475, or 500, or 525, or 550, or 575, or 600 or 625, or 650, or 675, or 700, or 725, or 750, or 775, or 800, or 825, or 850, or 875, or 900, or 925, or 950, or 975, or 1000, or 1025, or 1050, or 1075, or 1100, or 1125, or 1150, or 1175, or 1200, or 1225, or 1250, or 1275, or 1300, or 1325, or 1350, or 1375, or 1400, or 1425, or 1450, or 1475, or 1500, or 1525, or 1550, or 1575, or 1600, or 1625, or 1650, or 1675, or 1700, or 1725, or 1750, or 1775, or 1800, or 1825, or 1850 or 1875, or 1900, or 1925, or 1950, or 1975, or 2000, or 2025, or 2050, or 2075, or 2100, or 2125, or 2150, or 2175, or 2200, or 2225, or 2250, or 2275, or 2300, or 2325, or 2350, or 2375, or 2400, or 2425, or 2450, or 2475, or 2500, or 2525, or 2550, or 2575, or 2600, or 2625, or 2650, or 2675, or 2700, or 2725, or 2750, or 2775, or 2800, or 2825, or 2850, or 2875, or 2900, or 2925, or 2950, ​​or 2975, or 3000

[0851] · Note: The average molecular weight of one or more polymers may be less than or equal to or greater than, including, but not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: 100 or 125, or 150, or 175, or 200, or 225, or 250, or 275, or 300, or 325, or 350, or 375, or 400, or 425, or 450, or 475, or 500, or 525, or 550, or 575, or 600, or 625, or 650, or 675, or 700, or 725, or 750, or 775, or 800, or 825, or 850, or 875, or 900, or 925, or 950, or 975, or 1000, or 1025, or 1050, or 1075, or 1100, or 1125, or 1150, or 1175, or 1200, or 1225, or 1250, or 1275, or 1300, or 1325, or 1350, or 1375, or 1400, or 1425, or 1450, or 1475, or 1500, or 1525, or 1550, or 1575, or 1600, or 1625, or 1650, or 1675, or 1700, or 1725, or 1750, or 1775, or 1800, or Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 323 / 372 146 / 174 1825, or 1850, or 1875, or 1900, or 1925, or 1950, or 1975, or 2000, or 2025, or 2050, or 2075, or 2100, or 2125, or 2150, or 2175, or 2200, or 2225, or 2250, or 2275, or 2300, or 2325, or 2350, or 2375, or 2400, or 2425, or 2450, or 2475, or 2500, or 2525, or 2550, or 2575, or 2600, or 2625, or 2650, or 2675, or 2700, or 2725, or 2750, or 2775, or 2800, or 2825, or 2850, or 2875, or 2900, or 2925, or 2950, ​​or 2975, or 3000, or 3025, or 3050, or 3075, or 3100, or 3125, or 3150, or 3175, or 3200, or 3225, or 3250, or 3275, or 3300, or 3325, or 3350, or 3375, or 3400, or 3425, or 3450, or 3475, or 3500, or 3525, or 3550, or 3575, or 3600, or 3625, or 3650, or 3675, or 3700, or 3725, or 3750, or 3775, or 3800, or 3825, or 3850, or 3875, or 3900, or 3925, or 3950, or 3975, or 4000, or 4025, or 4050, or 4075, or 4100, or 4125, or 4150, or 4175, or 4200, or 4225, or 4250, or 4275, or 4300, or 4325, or 4350, or 4375, or 4400, or 4425, or 4450, or 4475, or 4500, or 4525, or 4550, or 4575, or 4600, or 4625, or 4650, or 4675, or 4700, or 4725, or 4750, or 4775, or 4800, or 4825, or 4850, or 4875, or 4900, or 4925, or 4950, or 4975, or 5000, or 5025, or 5050, or 5075, or 5100, or 5125, or 5150, or 5175, or 5200, or 5225, or 5250, or 5275, or 5300, or 5325, or 5350, or 5375, or 5400, or 5425, or 5450, or 5475, or 5500, or 5525, or 5550, or 5575, or 5600, or 5625, or 5650, or 5675, or 5700, or 5725, or 5750, or 5775, or 5800, or 5825, or 5850, or 5875, or 5900, or 5925, or 5950, or 5975, or 6000, or 6025, or 6050, or 6075, or 6100, or 6125, or 6150, or 6175, or 6200, or 6225, or 6250, or 6275, or 6300, or 6325, or 6350, or 6375, or 6400, or 6425, or 6450, or 6475, or 6500, or 6525, or 6550, or 6575, or 6600, or 6625, or 6650, or 6675, or 6700, or 6725, or 6750, or 6775, or 6800, or 6825, or 6850, or 6875, or 6900, or 6925, or 6950, or 6975, or 7000, or 7025, or 7050, or 7075, or 7100, or 7125, or 7150, or 7175, or 7200, or 7225, or 7250, or 7275, or 7300, or 7325, or 7350, or 7375, or 7400, or 7425, or 7450, or 7475, or 7500, or 7525, or 7550, or 7575, or 7600, or 7625, or 7650, or 7675, or 7700, or 7725, or 7750, or 7775, or 7800, or Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 324 / 372 147 / 174 7825, or 7850, or 7875, or 7900, or 7925, or 7950, or 7975, or 8000, or 8025, or 8050, or 8075, or 8100, or 8125, or 8150, or 8175, or 8200, or 8225, or 8250, or 8275, or 8300, or 8325, or 8350, or 8375, or 8400, or 8425, or 8450, or 8475, or 8500, or 8525, or 8550, or 8575, or 8600, or 8625, or 8650, or 8675, or 8700, or 8725, or 8750, or 8775, or 8800, or 8825, or 8850, or 8875, or 8900, or 8925, or 8950, or 8975, or 9000, or 9025, or 9050, or 9075, or 9100, or 9125, or 9150, or 9175, or 9200, or 9225, or 9250, or 9275, or 9300, or 9325, or 9350, or 9375, or 9400, or 9425, or 9450, or 9475, or 9500, or 9525, or 9550, or 9575, or 9600, or 9625, or 9650, or 9675, or 9700, or 9725, or 9750, or 9775, or 9800, or 9825, or 9850, or 9875, or 9900, or 9925, or 9950, or 9975, or 10,000, or 15,000, or 20,000, or 25,000, or 30,000, or 35,000, or 40,000, or 45,000, or 50,000, or 55,000, or 60,000, or 65,000, or 70,000, or 80,000, or 85,000, or 90,000, or 95,000, or 100,000

[0852] · Note: The average molecular weight of one or more reagents may be less than or equal to or greater than, including but not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: 10 or 15 or 20, or 25, or 30, or 35, or 40, or 45, or 50, or 55, or 60, or 65, or 70, or 75, or 80, or 85, or 90, or 95, or 100, or 125, or 150, or 175, or 200, or 225, or 250, or 275, or 300, or 325, or 350, or 375, or 400, or 425, or 450, or 475, or 500, or 525, or 550, or 575, or 600, or 625, or 650, or 675, or 700, or 725, or 750, or 775, or 800, or 825, or 850, or 875, or 900, or 925, or 950, or 975, or 1000, or 1025, or 1050, or 1075, or 1100, or 1125, or 1150, or 1175, or 1200, or 1225, or 1250, or 1275, or 1300, or 1325, or 1350, or 1375, or 1400, or 1425, or 1450, or 1475, or 1500, or 1525, or 1550, or 1575, or 1600, or 1625, or 1650, or 1675, or 1700, or 1725, or 1750, or 1775, or 1800, or 1825, or 1850, or 1875, or 1900, or 1925, or 1950, or 1975, or 2000, or 2025, or 2050, or 2075, or 2100, or 2125, or 2150, or 2175, or 2200, or 2225, or 2250, or 2275, or 2300, or 2325, or 2350, or 2375, or 2400, or Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 325 / 372 148 / 174 2425, or 2450, or 2475, or 2500, or 2525, or 2550, or 2575, or 2600, or 2625, or 2650, or 2675, or 2700, or 2725, or 2750, or 2775, or 2800, or 2825, or 2850, or 2875, or 2900, or 2925, or 2950, ​​or 2975, or 3000, or 3025, or 3050, or 3075, or 3100, or 3125, or 3150, or 3175, or 3200, or 3225, or 3250, or 3275, or 3300, or 3325, or 3350, or 3375, or 3400, or 3425, or 3450, or 3475, or 3500, or 3525, or 3550, or 3575, or 3600, or 3625, or 3650, or 3675, or 3700, or 3725, or 3750, or 3775, or 3800, or 3825, or 3850, or 3875, or 3900, or 3925, or 3950, or 3975, or 4000, or 4025, or 4050, or 4075, or 4100, or 4125, or 4150, or 4175, or 4200, or 4225, or 4250, or 4275, or 4300, or 4325, or 4350, or 4375, or 4400, or 4425, or 4450, or 4475, or 4500, or 4525, or 4550, or 4575, or 4600, or 4625, or 4650, or 4675, or 4700, or 4725, or 4750, or 4775, or 4800, or 4825, or 4850, or 4875, or 4900, or 4925, or 4950, or 4975, or 5000, or 5025, or 5050, or 5075, or 5100, or 5125, or 5150, or 5175, or 5200, or 5225, or 5250, or 5275, or 5300, or 5325, or 5350, or 5375, or 5400, or 5425, or 5450, or 5475, or 5500, or 5525, or 5550, or 5575, or 5600, or 5625, or 5650, or 5675, or 5700, or 5725, or 5750, or 5775, or 5800, or 5825, or 5850, or 5875, or 5900, or 5925, or 5950, or 5975, or 6000, or 6025, or 6050, or 6075, or 6100, or 6125, or 6150, or 6175, or 6200, or 6225, or 6250, or 6275, or 6300, or 6325, or 6350, or 6375, or 6400, or 6425, or 6450, or 6475, or 6500, or 6525, or 6550, or 6575, or 6600, or 6625, or 6650, or 6675, or 6700, or 6725, or 6750, or 6775, or 6800, or 6825, or 6850, or 6875, or 6900, or 6925, or 6950, or 6975, or 7000, or 7025, or 7050, or 7075, or 7100, or 7125, or 7150, or 7175, or 7200, or 7225, or 7250, or 7275, or 7300, or 7325, or 7350, or 7375, or 7400, or 7425, or 7450, or 7475, or 7500, or 7525, or 7550, or 7575, or 7600, or 7625, or 7650, or 7675, or 7700, or 7725, or 7750, or 7775, or 7800, or 7825, or 7850, or 7875, or 7900, or 7925, or 7950, or 7975, or 8000, or 8025, or 8050, or 8075, or 8100, or 8125, or 8150, or 8175, or 8200, or 8225, or 8250, or 8275, or 8300, or 8325, or 8350, or 8375, or 8400, or Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 326 / 372 149 / 174 8425, or 8450, or 8475, or 8500, or 8525, or 8550, or 8575, or 8600, or 8625, or 8650, or 8675, or 8700, or 8725, or 8750, or 8775, or 8800, or 8825, or 8850, or 8875, or 8900, or 8925, or 8950, or 8975, or 9000, or 9025, or 9050, or 9075, or 9100, or 9125, or 9150, or 9175, or 9200, or 9225, or 9250, or 9275, or 9300, or 9325, or 9350, or 9375, or 9400, or 9425, or 9450, or 9475, or 9500, or 9525, or 9550, or 9575, or 9600, or 9625, or 9650, or 9675, or 9700, or 9725, or 9750, or 9775, or 9800, or 9825, or 9850 or 9875 or 9900 or 9925 or 9950 or 9975 or 10000 or 15000 or 20000 or 25000 or 30,000, or 35,000, or 40,000, or 45,000, or 50,000, or 55,000, or 60,000, or 65,000, or 70,000, or 75,000, or 80,000, or 85,000, or 90,000, or 95,000, or 100,000

[0853] · Note: The organic liquid phase may comprise an ionic liquid.

[0854] · Note: One or more reagents may comprise an ionic liquid.

[0855] · Note: The percent weight concentration of one or more or a combination of reagents may include, but is not limited to, less than or equal to or greater than one or more or a combination of the following: 0%, or 0.5%, or 1%, or 1.5%, or 2%, or 2.5%, or 3%, or 3.5%, or 4%, or 4.5%, or 5%, or 5.5%, or 6%, or 6.5%, or 7%, or 7.5%, or 8%, or 8.5%, or 9%, or 9.5%, or 10%, or 10.5%, or 1%, or 11.5%, or 12%, or 12.5%, or 13%, or 13.5%, or 14%, or 14.5%, or 15%, or 15.5%, or 16%, or 16.5%, or 17%, or 17.5%, or 18%, or 18.5%, or 19%, or 19.5%, or 20%, or 20.5%, or 21%, or 21.5%, or 22%, or 22.5%, or 23%, or 23.5%, or 24%, or 24.5%, or 25%, or 25.5%, or 26%, or 26.5%, or 27%, or 27.5%, or 28%, or 28.5%, or 29%, or 29.5%, or 30%, or 30.5%, or 31%, or 31.5%, or 32%, or 32.5%, or 33%, or 33.5%, or 34%, or 34.5%, or 35%, or 35.5%, or 36%, or 36.5%, or 37%, or 37.5%, or 38%, or 38.5%, or 39%, or 39.5%, or 40%, or 40.5%, or 41%, or 41.5%, or 42%, or 42.5%, or 43%, or 43.5%, or 44%, or 44.5%, or Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 327 / 372 150 / 174 45%, or 45.5%, or 46%, or 46.5%, or 47%, or 47.5%, or 48%, or 48.5%, or 49%, or 49.5%, or 50%, or 50.5%, or 51%, or 51.5%, or 52%, or 52.5%, or 53%, or 53.5%, or 54%, or 54.5%, or 55%, or 55.5%, or 56%, or 56.5%, or 57%, or 57.5%, or 58%, or 58.5%, or 59%, or 59.5%, or 60%, or 60.5%, or 61%, or 61.5%, or 62%, or 62.5%, or 63%, or 63.5%, or 64%, or 64.5%, or 65%, or 65.5%, or 66%, or 66.5%, or 67%, or 67.5%, or 68%, or 68.5%, or 69%, or 69.5%, or 70%, or 70.5%, or 71%, or 71.5%, or 72%, or 72.5%, or 73%, or 73.5%, or 74%, or 74.5%, or 75%, or 75.5%, or 76%, or 76.5%, or 77%, or 77.5%, or 78%, or 78.5%, or 79%, or 79.5%, or 80%, or 80.5%, or 81%, or 81.5%, or 82%, or 82.5%, or 83%, or 83.5%, or 84%, or 84.5%, or 85%, or 85.5%, or 86%, or 86.5%, or 87%, or 87.5%, or 88%, or 88.5%, or 89%, or 89.5%, or 90%, or 90.5%, or 91%, or 91.5%, or 92%, or 92.5%, or 93%, or 93.5%, or 94%, or 94.5%, or 95%, or 95.5%, or 96%, or 96.5%, or 97%, or 97.5%, or 98%, or 98.5%, or 99%, or 99.5%, or 100%

[0856] · Note: The percent solubility by weight of one or more or a combination of reagents may include, but is not limited to, less than or equal to or greater than one or more or a combination of the following: 0%, or 0.5%, or 1%, or 1.5%, or 2%, or 2.5%, or 3%, or 3.5%, or 4%, or 4.5%, or 5%, or 5.5%, or 6%, or 6.5%, or 7%, or 7.5%, or 8%, or 8.5%, or 9%, or 9.5%, or 10%, or 10.5%, or 1%, or 11.5%, or 12%, or 12.5%, or 13%, or 13.5%, or 14%, or 14.5%, or 15%, or 15.5%, or 16%, or 16.5%, or 17%, or 17.5%, or 18%, or 18.5%, or 19%, or 19.5%, or 20%, or 20.5%, or 21%, or 21.5%, or 22%, or 22.5%, or 23%, or 23.5%, or 24%, or 24.5%, or 25%, or 25.5%, or 26%, or 26.5%, or 27%, or 27.5%, or 28%, or 28.5%, or 29%, or 29.5%, or 30%, or 30.5%, or 31%, or 31.5%, or 32%, or 32.5%, or 33%, or 33.5%, or 34%, or 34.5%, or 35%, or 35.5%, or 36%, or 36.5%, or 37%, or 37.5%, or 38%, or 38.5%, or 39%, or 39.5%, or 40%, or 40.5%, or 41%, or 41.5%, or 42%, or 42.5%, or 43%, or 43.5%, or 44%, or Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 328 / 372 151 / 174 44.5%, or 45%, or 45.5%, or 46%, or 46.5%, or 47%, or 47.5%, or 48%, or 48.5%, or 49%, or 49.5%, or 50%, or 50.5%, or 51%, or 51.5%, or 52%, or 52.5%, or 53%, or 53.5%, or 54%, or 54.5%, or 55%, or 55.5%, or 56%, or 56.5%, or 57%, or 57.5%, or 58%, or 58.5%, or 59%, or 59.5%, or 60%, or 60.5%, or 61%, or 61.5%, or 62%, or 62.5%, or 63%, or 63.5%, or 64%, or 64.5%, or 65%, or 65.5%, or 66%, or 66.5%, or 67%, or 67.5%, or 68%, or 68.5%, or 69%, or 69.5%, or 70%, or 70.5%, or 71%, or 71.5%, or 72%, or 72.5%, or 73%, or 73.5%, or 74%, or 74.5%, or 75%, or 75.5%, or 76%, or 76.5%, or 77%, or 77.5%, or 78%, or 78.5%, or 79%, or 79.5%, or 80%, or 80.5%, or 81%, or 81.5%, or 82%, or 82.5%, or 83%, or 83.5%, or 84%, or 84.5%, or 85%, or 85.5%, or 86%, or 86.5%, or 87%, or 87.5%, or 88%, or 88.5%, or 89%, or 89.5%, or 90%, or 90.5%, or 91%, or 91.5%, or 92%, or 92.5%, or 93%, or 93.5%, or 94%, or 94.5%, or 95%, or 95.5%, or 96%, or 96.5%, or 97%, or 97.5%, or 98%, or 98.5%, or 99%, or 99.5%, or 100%

[0857] · The percentage concentration by weight of water may include, but is not limited to, less than or equal to or greater than one or more or a combination of the following: 0%, or 0.5%, or 1%, or 1.5%, or 2%, or 2.5%, or 3%, or 3.5%, or 4%, or 4.5%, or 5%, or 5.5%, or 6%, or 6.5%, or 7%, or 7.5%, or 8%, or 8.5%, or 9%, or 9.5%, or 10%, or 10.5%, or 1%, or 11.5%, or 12%, or 12.5%, or 13%, or 13.5%, or 14%, or 14.5%, or 15%, or 15.5%, or 16%, or 16.5%, or 17%, or 17.5%, or 18%, or 18.5%, or 19%, or 19.5%, or 20%, or 20.5%, or 21%, or 21.5%, or 22%, or 22.5%, or 23%, or 23.5%, or 24%, or 24.5%, or 25%, or 25.5%, or 26%, or 26.5%, or 27%, or 27.5%, or 28%, or 28.5%, or 29%, or 29.5%, or 30%, or 30.5%, or 31%, or 31.5%, or 32%, or 32.5%, or 33%, or 33.5%, or 34%, or 34.5%, or 35%, or 35.5%, or 36%, or 36.5%, or 37%, or 37.5%, or 38%, or 38.5%, or 39%, or 39.5%, or 40%, or 40.5%, or 41%, or 41.5%, or 42%, or 42.5%, or 43%, or 43.5%, or 44%, or 44.5%, or 45%, or 45.5%, or Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 329 / 372 152 / 174 46%, or 46.5%, or 47%, or 47.5%, or 48%, or 48.5%, or 49%, or 49.5%, or 50%, or 50.5%, or 51%, or 51.5%, or 52%, or 52.5%, or 53%, or 53.5%, or 54%, or 54.5%, or 55%, or 55.5%, or 56%, or 56.5%, or 57%, or 57.5%, or 58%, or 58.5%, or 59%, or 59.5%, or 60%, or 60.5%, or 61%, or 61.5%, or 62%, or 62.5%, or 63%, or 63.5%, or 64%, or 64.5%, or 65%, or 65.5%, or 66%, or 66.5%, or 67%, or 67.5%, or 68%, or 68.5%, or 69%, or 69.5%, or 70%, or 70.5%, or 71%, or 71.5%, or 72%, or 72.5%, or 73%, or 73.5%, or 74%, or 74.5%, or 75%, or 75.5%, or 76%, or 76.5%, or 77%, or 77.5%, or 78%, or 78.5%, or 79%, or 79.5%, or 80%, or 80.5%, or 81%, or 81.5%, or 82%, or 82.5%, or 83%, or 83.5%, or 84%, or 84.5%, or 85%, or 85.5%, or 86%, or 86.5%, or 87%, or 87.5%, or 88%, or 88.5%, or 89%, or 89.5%, or 90%, or 90.5%, or 91%, or 91.5%, or 92%, or 92.5%, or 93%, or 93.5%, or 94%, or 94.5%, or 95%, or 95.5%, or 96%, or 96.5%, or 97%, or 97.5%, or 98%, or 98.5%, or 99%, or 99.5%, or 100%

[0858] · Note: Cloud point temperatures may be less than or equal to or greater than or equal to one or more or a combination of the following: -100 °C, or -90 °C, or -80 °C, or -70 °C, -60 °C, or -50 °C, or -45 °C, or -40 °C, or -35 °C, or -30 °C, or -25 °C, or -20 °C, or -19 °C, or -18 °C, or -17 °C, or -16 °C, or -15 °C, or -15 °C, or -14 °C, or 13 °C, -12 °C, or -1 °C, or -10 °C, or -9 °C, or -8 °C, or -7 °C, or -6 °C, or -5 °C, or -4 °C, or -3 °C or -2 °C, or -1°C, or 0°C, or 1°C, or 2°C, or 3°C, or 4°C, or 5°C, or 6°C, or 7°C, or 8°C, or 9°C, or 10°C, or 11°C, or 12°C, or 13°C, or 14°C, or 15°C, or 16°C, or 17°C, or 18°C, or 19°C, or 20°C, or 21°C, or 22°C, or 23°C, or 24°C, or 25°C, or 26°C, or 27°C, or 28°C, or 29°C, or 30°C, or 31°C, or 32°C, or 33°C, or 34 °C, or 35 °C, or 36 °C, or 37 °C, or 38 °C, or 39 °C, or °C, or 41 °C, or 42 °C, or 43 °C, or 44 °C, or 45 °C, or 46 °C, or 47 °C, or 48 °C, or 49 °C, or 50 °C, or 51 °C, or 52 °C,or 53°C, or 54°C, or 55°C, or 56°C, or 57°C, or 58°C, or 59°C, or 60°C, or 61°C, or, Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 330 / 372 153 / 174°C or 63°C or 64°C or 65°C or 66°C or 67°C or 68°C or 69°C or 70°C or 71°C or 72°C or 73°C or 74°C or 75°C or 76°C or 77°C or 78 °C, or 79 °C, or 80 °C, or 81 °C, or 82 °C, or 83 °C, or °C, or 85 °C, or 86 °C, or 87 °C, or 88, or 89 °C, or 90 °C, or 91 °C, or 92 °C, or 93 °C, or 94 °C, or 95 °C, or 96 °C, or 97°C, or 98°C, or 220°C, or 230°C, or 240°C, or 250°C, or 260°C, or 270°C, or 280°C, or 290°C, or 300°C, or 310°C, or 320°C, or 330°C, or 340°C, or 350°C, or 360°C, or 370°C, or 380°C, or 390°C, or 400°C, or 410°C, or 420 °C, or 430 °C, or 440 °C, or 450 °C, or 460 °C, or 470 °C, or 480 °C, or 490 °C, or 500 °C, or 550 °C, or 600 °C, or 700 °C, or 800 °C, or 900 °C, or 1000 °C

[0859] · Note: Enthalpy of liquid-liquid phase transition temperature ranges, or peak liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy, or a combination thereof, may be less than or equal to or greater than or equal to one or more or a combination of the following: -100 °C, or -90 °C, or -80 °C, or -70 °C, -60 °C, or -50 °C, or -45 °C, or -40 °C, or -35 °C, or -30 °C, or -25 °C, or -20 °C, or -19 °C, or -18 °C, or -17 °C, or 16 °C, or -15 °C, or -15 °C, or -14 °C, or -13 °C, -12 °C, or -11 °C, or 10 °C, or -9 °C, or -8 °C, or -7 °C, or -6°C, or -5°C, or -4°C, or -3°C, or -2°C, or -1°C, or 0°C, or 1°C, or 2°C, or 3°C, or 4°C, or 5°C, or 6°C, or 7°C, or 8°C, or 9°C, or 10°C, or 11°C, or 12°C, or 13 °C, or 14 °C, or 15 °C, or 16 °C, or 17 °C, or 18 °C, or 19 °C, or 20 °C, or 21 °C, or 22 °C, or 23 °C, or 24 °C, or 25 °C, or 26 °C, or 27 °C, or °C, or 29 °C, or 30 °C, or 31 °C, or 32°C, or 33°C, or 34°C, or35°C, or 36°C, or 37°C, or 38°C, or 39°C, or 40°C, or 41°C,or 42 °C, or 43 °C, or 44 °C, or 45 °C, or 46 °C, or 47 °C, or 48 °C, or 49 °C, or °C, or 51 °C, or 52 °C, or 53 °C, or 54 °C, or 55 °C, or 56 °C, or 57 °C, or 58 °C, or 59°C, or 60°C, or 61°C, or 62°C, or 63°C, or 64°C, or 65°C, or 66°C, or 67°C, or 68°C, or 69°C, or 70°C, or 71°C, or, Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 331 / 372 154 / 174 °C or 73 °C or 74 °C or 75 °C or 76 °C or 77 °C or 78 °C or 79 °C or 80 °C or 81 °C or 82 °C or 83 °C or 84 °C or 85 °C or 86 °C or 87 °C or 88, or 89°C, or 90°C, or 91°C, or 92°C, or 93°C, or 94°C, or 95°C, or 96°C, or 97°C, or 98°C, or 99°C, or 100°C, or 110°C, or 120°C, or 130°C, or 140 °C, or 150 °C, or 160°C, or 170°C, or 180°C, or 190°C, or 200°C, or 210°C, or 220°C, or 230°C, or 240°C, or 250°C, or 260°C, or 270°C, or 280°C, or 290°C, or 300° C, or 310 °C, or 320 °C, or 330 °C, or 340 °C, or 350 °C, or 360 °C, or 370 °C, or 380 °C, or 390 °C, or 400 °C, or 410 °C, or 420 °C, or 430 °C, or 440 °C, or 450 °C, or 460 °C, or 470 °C, or 480 °C, or 490 °C, or 500 °C, or 550 °C, or 600 °C, or 700 °C, or 800 °C, or 900 °C, or 1000 °C

[0860] · Note: The viscosity of a liquid phase may be less than or greater than or equal to, including but not limited to, one or more or a combination of the following: 0.1 cP or 0.5 cP, or 1 cP, or 1.5 cP, or 2 cP, or 2.5 cP, or 3 cP, or 3.5 cP, or 4 cP, or 4.5 cP, or 5 cP, or 16 cP, or 17 cP, or 18 cP, or 19 cP, or 20 cP, or 21 cP, or 22 cP, or 23 cP, or 24 cP, or 25 cP, or 26 cP, or 27 cP, or 28 cP, or 29 cP, or 30 cP, or 31 cP, or 32 cP, or 33 cP, or 34cP, or 35cP, or 36cP, or 37cP, or 38cP, or 39cP, or 40cP, or 41cP, or 42cP, or 43cP, or 44cP, or 45cP, or 46cP, or 47cP, or 48cP, or 49cP, or 50cP, or 55cP, or 60cP, or 65cP, or 70cP, or 75cP, or 80cP, or 85cP, or 90cP, or 95cP, or 100cP, or 105cP, or 110cP, or 115cP, or 120cP, or 125cP, or 130cP, or 135cP, or 140 cP, or 145 cP, or 150 cP, or 155 cP, or 160 cP, or 165 cP, or 170 cP, or 175 cP, or 180 cP, or 185 cP, or 190 cP, or 195 cP, or 200 cP, or 205 cP, or 210 cP, or 215 cP, or 220 cP, or 225 cP, or 230 cP, or 235 cP, or 240 cP, or 245 cP, or 250 cP, or 255 cP, or 260 cP, or 265 cP,or 270cP, or 275cP, or 280cP, or 285cP, or 290cP, or 295cP, or 300cP, or 305cP, or 310cP, or 315cP, or 320cP, or 325cP, or 330cP, or 335cP, or 340cP, or 345cP, or 350cP, or 355cP, or 360cP, or 365cP, or 370cP, or 375cP, or 380cP, or 385cP, or 390cP, or 395cP, or 400cP, or 405cP, or 410cP, or 415cP, or 420cP, or 425cP, or 430cP, or 435cP, Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 332 / 372 155 / 174 or 440 cP, or 445 cP, or 450 cP, or 455 cP, or 460 cP, or 465 cP, or 470 cP, or 475 cP, or 480 cP, or 485 cP, or 490 cP, or 495 cP, or 500 cP, or 550 cP, or 600 cP, or 650 cP, or 700 cP, or 750 cP, or 800 cP, or 850 cP, or 900 cP, or 950 cP, or 1,000 cP, or 1,250 cP, or 1,500 cP, or 1,750 cP, or 2,000 cP, or 2,250 cP, or 2,500 cP, or 2,750 cP, or 3,000 cP, or 3,250 cP, or 3,500 cP, or 3,750 cP, or 4,000 cP, or 4,250 cP, or 4,500 cP, or 4,750 cP, or 5,000 cP, or 5,250 cP, or 5,500 cP, or 5,750 cP, or 6,000 cP, or 6.250cP, or 6.500cP, or 6.750cP, or 7.000cP, or 7.250cP, or 7.500cP, or 7.750cP, or 8.000cP, or 8.250cP, or 8.500cP, or 8.750cP, or 9,000cP, or 9,250cP, or 9,500cP, or 9,750cP or 10,000cP

[0861] · Note: The average molecular weight can be in grams per mole or molecular weights or molar masses

[0862] · Note: The density of a liquid phase may be less than or equal to or greater than or equal to one or more or a combination of the following: 0.5 g / mL, or 0.51 g / mL, or 0.52 g / mL, or 0.53 g / mL, or 0.54 g / mL, or 0.55 g / mL, or 0.56 g / mL, or 0.57 g / mL, or 0.58 g / mL, or 0.59 g / mL, or 0.6 g / mL, or 0.61 g / mL, or 0.62 g / mL, or 0.63 g / mL, 0.64 g / mL, or 0.65 g / mL, or 0.66 g / mL, or 0.67 g / mL, or 0.68 g / mL, or 0.69 g / mL, or 0.70 g / mL, or 0.71g / mL, or 0.72g / mL, or 0.73g / mL, or 0.74g / mL, or 0.75g / mL, or 0.76g / mL, or 0.77g / mL, or 0.78g / mL, or 0.79g / mL, or 0.8g / mL, or 0.805g / mL, or 0.81g / mL, or 0.815g / mL, or 0.82g / mL, or 0.825g / mL, or 0.83g / mL, or 0.835g / mL, or 0.84g / mL, or 0.845g / mL, or 0.85g / mL, or 0.855g / mL, or 0.86g / mL, or 0.865g / mL, or 0.87g / mL, or 0.875g / mL, or 0.88g / mL, or 0.885g / mL, or 0.89g / mL, or 0.895g / mL, or 0.9g / mL, or 0.905g / mL, or 0.91g / mL, or 915g / mL, or 0.92g / mL, or 0.925g / mL, or 0.93g / mL, or 0.935g / mL, or 0.94g / mL, or 0.945g / mL, or 0.95g / mL, or 0.955 g / mL, or 0.96g / mL, or 0.965g / mL, or 0.97g / mL, or 0.975g / mL, or 0.98g / mL, or 0.985g / mL, or 0.99g / mL, or 0.995g / mL, or lg / mL, or 1.005g / mL, or l.Olg / mL, or 1.015 g / mL, or 1.02g / mL, or 1.025g / mL, or 1.03g / mL, or 1.035g / mL, Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 333 / 372 156 / 174 or 1.04g / mL, or 1.045g / mL, or 1.05g / mL, or 1.055g / mL, or 1.06g / mL, or 1.065g / mL, or 1.07g / mL, or 1.075g / mL, or 1.08g / mL, or 1.085g / mL, or 1.09g / mL, or 1.095g / mL, or 1.1g / mL, or 111g / mL, or 1.12g / mL, or 1.13g / mL, or 1.14g / mL, or 1.15g / mL, or 1.16g / mL, or 1.17 g / mL, or 1.18 g / mL, or 1.19 g / mL, or 1.2 g / mL, or 1.21 g / mL, or 1.22g / mL, or 1.23g / mL, or 1.24g / mL, or 1.25g / mL, or 1.26g / mL, or 1.27g / mL, or 1.28g / mL, or 1.29g / mL, or 1.3g / mL, or 1.31g / mL, or 1.32g / mL, or 1.33g / mL, or 1.34g / mL, or 1.35g / mL, or 1.36g / mL, or 1.37 g / mL, or 1.38 g / mL, or 1.39 g / mL, or 1.4 g / mL, or 1.41 g / mL, or 1.42g / mL, or 1.43g / mL, or 1.44g / mL, or 1.45g / mL, or 1.46g / mL, or 1.47g / mL, or 1.48g / mL, or 1.49g / mL, or 1.5g / mL

[0863] · Note: The density of an organic liquid phase may be less than or equal to or greater than or equal to one or more or a combination of the following: 0.5 g / mL, or 0.51 g / mL, or 0.52 g / mL, or 0.53 g / mL, or 0.54 g / mL, or 0.55 g / mL, or 0.56 g / mL, or 0.57 g / mL, or 0.58 g / mL, or 0.59 g / mL, or 0.6 g / mL, or 0.61 g / mL, or 0.62 g / mL, or 0.63 g / mL, 0.64 g / mL, or 0.65 g / mL, or 0.66 g / mL, or 0.67 g / mL, or 0.68 g / mL, or 0.69g / mL, or 0.70 g / mL, or 0.71g / mL, or 0.72g / mL, or 0.73g / mL, or 0.74g / mL, or 0.75g / mL, or 0.76g / mL, or 0.77g / mL, or 0.78g / mL, or 0.79g / mL, or 0.8g / mL, or 0.805g / mL, or 0.81g / mL, or 0.815g / mL, or 0.82g / mL, or 0.825g / mL, or 0.83g / mL, or 0.835g / mL, or 0.84g / mL, or 0.845g / mL, or 0.85g / mL, or 0.855g / mL, or 0.86g / mL, or 0.865g / mL, or 0.87g / mL, or 0.875g / mL, or 0.88g / mL, or 0.885g / mL, or 0.89g / mL, or 0.895g / mL, or 0.9g / mL, or 0.905g / mL, or 0.91g / mL, or 0.915g / mL, or 0.92g / mL, or 0.925 g / mL, or 0.93 g / mL, or 0.935g / mL, or 0.94g / mL, or 0.945g / mL, or 0.95g / mL, or 0.955g / mL, or 0.96g / mL, or 0.965g / mL, or 0.97g / mL, or 0.975g / mL, or 0.98g / mL, or 0.985g / mL, or 0.99g / mL, or 0.995g / mL, or lg / mL, or 1.005g / mL, or l.Olg / mL, or 1.015g / mL, or 1.02g / mL, or 1.025g / mL, or 1.03g / mL, or 1.035g / mL, or 1.04g / mL, or 1.045g / mL, or 1.05g / mL, or 1.055g / mL, or 1.06g / mL, or 1.065g / mL, or 1.07g / mL, Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 334 / 372 157 / 174 or 1.075g / mL, or 1.08g / mL, or 1.085g / mL, or 1.09g / mL, or 1.095g / mL, or 1.18g / mL, or 1.19g / mL, or 1.2g / mL, or 1.21g / mL, or 1.22g / mL, or 1.23g / mL, or 1.24g / mL, or 1.25g / mL, or 1.26g / mL, or 1.27g / mL, or 1.28g / mL, or 1.29g / mL, or 1.3g / mL, or 1.31g / mL, or 1.32g / mL, or 1.33g / mL, or 1.34g / mL, or 1.35g / mL, or 1.36g / mL, or 1.37 g / mL, or 1.38 g / mL, or 1.39 g / mL, or 1.4 g / mL, or 1.41 g / mL, or 1.42g / mL, or 1.43g / mL, or 1.44g / mL, or 1.45g / mL, or 1.46g / mL, or 1.47g / mL, or 1.48g / mL, or 1.49g / mL, or 1.5g / mL

[0864] · Note: The density of an aqueous liquid phase may be less than or equal to or greater than or equal to one or more or a combination of the following: 0.5 g / mL, or 0.51 g / mL, or 0.52 g / mL, or 0.53 g / mL, or 0.54 g / mL, or 0.55 g / mL, or 0.56 g / mL, or 0.57 g / mL, or 0.58 g / mL, or 0.59 g / mL, or 0.6 g / mL, or 0.61 g / mL, or 0.62 g / mL, or 0.63 g / mL, 0.64 g / mL, or 0.65 g / mL, or 0.66 g / mL, or 0.67 g / mL, or 0.68 g / mL, or 0.69g / mL, or 0.70 g / mL, or 0.71g / mL, or 0.72g / mL, or 0.73g / mL, or 0.74g / mL, or 0.75g / mL, or 0.76g / mL, or 0.77g / mL, or 0.78g / mL, or 0.79g / mL, or 0.8g / mL, or 0.805g / mL, or 0.81g / mL, or 0.815g / mL, or 0.82g / mL, or 0.825g / mL, or 0.83g / mL, or 0.835g / mL, or 0.84g / mL, or 0.845g / mL, or 0.85g / mL, or 0.855g / mL, or 0.86g / mL, or 0.865g / mL, or 0.87g / mL, or 0.875g / mL, or 0.88g / mL, or 0.885g / mL, or 0.89g / mL, or 0.895g / mL, or 0.9g / mL, or 0.905g / mL, or 0.91g / mL, or 915g / mL, or 0.92g / mL, or 0.925g / mL, or 0.93g / mL, or 0.935g / mL, or 0.94g / mL, or 0.945g / mL, or 0.95g / mL, or 0.955g / mL, or 0.96g / mL, or 0.965g / mL, or 0.97g / mL, or 0.975g / mL, or 0.98g / mL, or 0.985g / mL, or 0.99g / mL, or 0.995g / mL, or lg / mL, or 1.005g / mL, or l.Olg / mL, or 1.015g / mL, or 1.02g / mL, or 1.025g / mL, or 1.03 g / mL, or 1.035 g / mL, or 1.04 g / mL, or 1.045 g / mL, or 1.05 g / mL, or 1.055 g / mL, or 1.06 g / mL, or 1.065 g / mL, or 1.07 g / mL, or 1.075 g / mL, or 1.08 g / mL, or 1.085 g / mL, or 1.09 g / mL, or 1.17 g / mL, or 1.18 g / mL, or 1.19 g / mL, or 1.2 g / mL, or 1.21 g / mL, or 1.22 g / mL, or 1.23 g / mL, or 1.24 g / mL, or 1.25g / mL, or 1.26g / mL, or 1.27g / mL, or Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 335 / 372 158 / 174 1.28g / mL, ou 1.29g / mL, ou 1.3g / mL, ou 1.31g / mL, ou 1.32g / mL,ou 1.33g / mL, ou 1.34g / mL, ou 1.35g / mL, ou 1.36g / mL, ou 1.37g / mL,ou 1.38g / mL, ou 1.39g / mL, ou 1.4g / mL, ou 1.41g / mL, ou 1.42g / mL, ou 1.43g / mL, or 1.44g / mL, or 1.45g / mL, or 1.46g / mL, or 1.47g / mL, or 1.48g / mL, or 1.49g / mL, or 1.5g / mL

[0865] · Note: The density of a combined solution liquid phase may be less than or equal to or greater than or equal to one or more or a combination of the following: 0.5 g / mL, or 0.51 g / mL, or 0.52 g / mL, or 0.53 g / mL, or 0.54 g / mL, or 0.55 g / mL, or 0.56 g / mL, or 0.57 g / mL, or 0.58 g / mL, or 0.59 g / mL, or 0.6 g / mL, or 0.61 g / mL, or 0.62 g / mL, or 0.63 g / mL, 0.64 g / mL, or 0.65 g / mL, or 0.66 g / mL, or 0.67 g / mL, or 0.68 g / mL, or 0.69g / mL, or 0.70 g / mL, or 0.71g / mL, or 0.72g / mL, or 0.73g / mL, or 0.74g / mL, or 0.75g / mL, or 0.76g / mL, or 0.77g / mL, or 0.78g / mL, or 0.79g / mL, or 0.8g / mL, or 0.805g / mL, or 0.81g / mL, or 0.815g / mL, or 0.82g / mL, or 0.825g / mL, or 0.83g / mL, or 0.835g / mL, or 0.84g / mL, or 0.845g / mL, or 0.85g / mL, or 0.855 g / mL, or 0.86g / mL, or 0.865g / mL, or 0.87g / mL, or 0.875g / mL, or 0.88g / mL, or 0.885g / mL, or 0.89g / mL, or 0.895g / mL, or 0.9g / mL, or 0.905g / mL, or 0.91g / mL, or 915g / mL, or 0.92g / mL, or 0.925g / mL, or 0.93g / mL, or 0.935g / mL, or 0.94g / mL, or 0.945g / mL, or 0.95g / mL, or 0.955g / mL, or 0.96g / mL, or 0.965g / mL, or 0.97g / mL, or 0.975g / mL, or 0.98g / mL, or 0.985g / mL, or 0.99g / mL, or 0.995g / mL, or lg / mL, or 1.005g / mL, or l.Olg / mL, or 1.015g / mL, or 1.02g / mL, or 1.025g / mL, or 1.03g / mL, or 1.035g / mL, or 1.04g / mL, or 1.045g / mL, or 1.05g / mL, or 1.055g / mL, or 1.06g / mL, or 1.065g / mL, or 1.07g / mL, or 1.075g / mL, or 1.08g / mL, or 1.085g / mL, or 1.09g / mL, or 1.095g / mL, or 1.1g / mL, or 1.11g / mL, or 1.12g / mL, or 1.13g / mL, or 1.14 g / mL, or 1.15 g / mL, or 1.16 g / mL, or 1.17 g / mL, or 1.18 g / mL, or 1.19 g / mL, or 1.2 g / mL, or 1.21 g / mL, or 1.22 g / mL, or 1.23 g / mL, or 1.24g / mL, or 1.25g / mL, or 1.26g / mL, or 1.27g / mL, or 1.28g / mL, or 1.29g / mL, or 1.3g / mL, or 1.31g / mL, or 1.32g / mL, or 1.33g / mL, or Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 336 / 372 159 / 174 1.34g / mL, or 1.35g / mL, or 1.36g / mL, or 1.37g / mL, or 1.38g / mL, or 1.39 g / mL, or 1.4 g / mL, or 1.41 g / mL, or 1.42 g / mL, or 1.43 g / mL, or 1.44g / mL, or 1.45g / mL, or 1.46g / mL, or 1.47g / mL, or 1.48g / mL, or 1.49 g / mL, or 1.5 g / mL

[0866] · Note: An enthalpy of the liquid-liquid phase transition temperature range may occur in a temperature range greater than, less than, or equal to one or more of, or a combination of, the following: 0 °K, or 0.25 °K, or 0.5 °K, or 0.75 °K, or 1 °K, or 1.25 °K, or 1.5 °K, or 1.75 °K, or 2 °K, or 2.25 °K, or 2.5 °K, or 2.75 °K, or 3 °K, or 3.25 °K, or 3.5°K, or 3.75°K, or 4°K, or 4.25°K, or 4.5°K, or 4.75°K, or 5°K, or 5.25°K, or 5.5°K, or 5.75°K, or 6°K, or 6.25°K, or 6.5°K, or 6.75°K, or 7 °K, or 7.25 °K, or 7.5 °K, or 7.75 °K, or 8 °K, or 8.25 °K, or 8.5 °K, or 8.75 °K, or 9 °K, or 9.25 °K, or 9.5 °K, or 9.75 °K, or 10°K, or 10.25 °K, or 10.5 °K, or 10.75 °K, or 11° K, or 11.25 °K, or 11.5°K, or 11.75 °K, or 12 °K, or 12.25 °K, or 12.5 °K, or 12.75 °K, or 13°K, or 13.25 °K, or 13.5 °K, or 13.75 °K, or 14 °K, or 14.25 °K, or 14.5°K, or 14.75 °K, or 15 °K, or 15.25 °K, or 15.5 °K, or 15.75 °K, or 16°K, or 16.25 °K, or 16.5 °K, or 16.75 °K, or 17 °K, or 17.25 °K, or 17.5°K, or 17.75 °K, or 18 °K, or 18.25 °K, or 18.5 °K, or 18.75 °K, or 19°K, or 19.25 °K, or 19.5 °K, or 19.75 °K, or 20 °K, or 20.5 °K, or 21 °K, or 21.5 °K, or 22 °K, or 22.5 °K, or 23 °K, or 23.5 °K, or 24 °K, or 24.5 °K, or 25 °K, or 25.5 °K, or 26 °K, or 26.5 °K, or 27 °K, or 27.5 °K, or 28 °K, or 28.5 °K, or 29 °K, or 29.5 °K, or 30 °K, or 32 °K, or 34 °K, or 36 °K, or 38 °K, or 40 °K, or 42 °K, or 44 °K, or 46 °K, or 48 °K, or 50 °K, or 52 °K, or 54 °K, or 56 °K, or 58 °K, or 60 °K, or 62 °K, or 64 °K, or 66 °K, or 68 °K, or 70 °K, or 72 °K, or 74 °K, or 76 °K,or 78 °K, or °K, or 82 °K, or 84 °K, or 86 °K, or 88 °K, or 90 °K, or 92 °K, or94 °K, or 96 °K, or 98 °K, or 100 °K,

[0867] · Note: The density of some polypropylene glycols is approximately the same as that of water. For example, polypropylene glycol Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 337 / 372 160 / 174 P2000 has a density of 1.00 g / mL at 20 °C. For example, the average molecular number of polypropylene glycol 425 has a density of 1.004 g / mL at 25 °C. For example, the average molecular number of polypropylene glycol 725 has a density of 1.007 g / mL at 25 °C. For example, the average molecular number of polypropylene glycol 725 has a density of 1.01 g / mL at 20 °C. For example, the average molecular number of polypropylene glycol 2000 has a density of 1.005 g / mL at 25 °C. For example, the average molecular number of polypropylene glycol 4000 has a density of 1.004 g / mL at 25 °C. For example, the average molecular number of polypropylene glycol 2700 has a density of 1.004 g / mL at 25 °C. For example, the average molecular number of polypropylene glycol 1000 has a density of 1.005 g / mL at 25 °C. For example, the average molecular number of polypropylene glycol 1200 has a density of 1.005 g / mL at 25 °C.

[0868] · Note: 'Molecular weight' and / or 'molecular number' can be used interchangeably.

[0869] · Note: The ability of some compositions to possess a liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy over a wide temperature range may be distinct from other liquid-liquid phase transitions and solid-liquid phase transitions, which may possess a phase transition enthalpy over a narrow temperature range or at a particular phase transition temperature.

[0870] · Note: Combining or matching specific glycol ethers with specific glycol polymers may result in one or more or a combination of the following: reducing particle count below the cloud point temperature or increasing the degree of particle count change at the cloud point, reducing viscosity, reducing density, possessing a phase transition enthalpy greater than 2.5 kJ / kg, or a narrow phase transition temperature range enthalpy, or reducing the phase transition temperature or temperature range enthalpy, or reducing the temperature Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 338 / 372 161 / 174 of the cloud point, or function similarly to an azeotrope in which the glycol ether remains in the same liquid phase as the glycol polymer, or increase the phase transition temperature.

[0871] · Note: At least 10%, or 20%, or 30%, or 40%, or 50%, or 60%, or 70%, or 80%, or 90%, or 95%, or 99%, or a combination thereof of an organic reagent, or glycol polymer, or liquid-liquid phase transition reagent in a composition or process, or both, may be in a formed liquid phase or an organic liquid phase at or above the cloud point temperature of a composition.

[0872] · Note: A viscosity measurement of a second liquid phase may be performed after separating a liquid phase into a non-contiguous separate liquid phase and cooling it to less than or equal to 25 °C or another temperature relevant to the viscosity measurement.

[0873] · Note: A viscosity measurement in which at least 98% by weight of the first liquid phase is separated from the second liquid phase before measuring the viscosity of the second liquid phase at less than or equal to 25 °C or another temperature relevant to the viscosity measurement.

[0874] · Note: In some embodiments, a combined cloud point may be when two or more non-water reagents are combined in a composition with water and the resulting solution has the same cloud point temperature. When two or more non-solvent reagents are combined in a composition with a solvent and the resulting solution has the same cloud point temperature. It is important to note that the two or more reagents may individually have cloud point temperatures different from the other reagent(s) when in solution with water without the presence or with a lower presence of the other reagent(s). It is important to note that the two or more reagents may individually have cloud point temperatures. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 339 / 372 162 / 174 turbidity different from the other reagent(s) when in solution with the solvent without the presence or with a lower presence of the other reagent(s). It is important to note that one or more of the two or more reagents may not have a cloud point if it is not in the presence of at least one or more of the other reagents. It is important to note that one or more of the two or more reagents may have a different cloud point temperature if it is not in the presence of at least one or more of the other reagents.

[0875] · Note: Methods for cloud point measurement, or cloud point temperature measurement, or determination of the existence of a second liquid phase, or determination of the existence of more than one liquid phase, or a combination thereof may include, for example, the methods described in A. Eliassi, et al. Determination of Cloud Points of Aqueous Poly(propylene glycol) Mixtures Using the Particle Counting Method, incorporated herein by reference, or the methods described by Zheng, et al. Thermoresponsive polymers with lower critical solution temperature: fundamental aspects and measurement techniques for recommended turbidimetry conditions, incorporated herein by reference.

[0876] · Note: Methods for measuring the cloud point, or measuring the cloud point temperature, or determining the existence of a second liquid phase, or determining the existence of more than one liquid phase, or a combination thereof, may require the use of a laser particle counting method in a turbulent or mixed environment. Alternatively, or additionally, light scattering methods may determine the existence of a second liquid phase. Turbidity or turbidimetry measurements may be useful in determining the existence, or formation, or both, of a second liquid phase. Turbidimetry measurements using a light source Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 340 / 372 163 / 174 consistent visible light and a photodetector can be used to determine the onset of a cloud point. Turbidimetric measurements comparing light scattering or light transmittance of a sample can be used to determine the existence of more than one liquid phase. For example, measurements comparing light scattering or light transmittance of a liquid-liquid transition liquid sample with a known single-liquid phase liquid, such as water or mineral oil, can be used. The existence of a second liquid phase can be determined visually. For example, if there are liquid-liquid interfaces, droplets, or turbidity in a composition, it is generally indicative of the existence of two or more liquid phases in a sample.

[0877] · Note: Viscosity measurement may involve the use of a Brookfield AMETEK Digital Rotational Viscometer. If there is more than one liquid phase, viscosity measurements can be performed on each liquid phase in the composition. For example, a liquid-liquid phase transition composition can be separated for viscosity measurements by (1) heating 220 mL of the composition to a temperature 15 °K higher than the cloud point temperature using a 250 mL jacketed separatory funnel; (2) allowing the composition to remain at a temperature 15 °K higher than the cloud point temperature for 3 hours to allow the liquid phases to separate into two or more liquid layers; (3) separating a sample of a liquid phase using the separatory funnel so that the separated liquid phase sample is at least 99.9% by weight of a single liquid phase or less than 0.1% by weight of other liquid phases;(4) Adjust the temperature of the separated liquid phase sample to 5 °C; (5) Add 10 mL of the separated liquid phase sample at 5 °C to a Brookfield AMETEK Low Range Digital Rotational Viscosity Viscometer with Brookfield Temperature Control unit and spindle appropriate for the estimated viscosity range; (6) Measurement of the phase viscosity; Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 341 / 372 164 / 174 liquid separated using the Brookfield AMETEK Low Range Digital Rotational Viscosity Viscometer while heating the sample from 5 °C to 30 °C, where the sample temperature increases at a rate equal to 1 °K per 10 minutes.

[0878] · Note: Generally, when two or more liquid-liquid phase transition reagents are combined with water, and wherein said two or more reagents possess a cloud point or liquid-liquid phase transition in a solution with water if isolated or independent of the other reagents, the resulting solution generally comprises two cloud points, with each cloud point representing the cloud point of one of the two or more reagents. Generally, when two or more liquid-liquid phase transition reagents are combined with water, and wherein said two or more reagents each possess a cloud point or liquid-liquid phase transition in a solution with water if isolated or independent of the other reagents, the resulting solution may comprise one cloud point, with this cloud point representing the cloud point of one of the two liquid-liquid phase transition reagents.A notable exception is mixtures of liquid-liquid phase transition reagents with common cloud points.

[0879] · Note: In some embodiments, designing a composition with a combined cloud point may involve employing a glycol polymer or glycol polymer ether or both with a first cloud point temperature and a glycol ether with a second cloud point temperature, wherein the first cloud point temperature is as close as possible to the second cloud point temperature. In some cases, the cloud point temperature of a binary mixture of polymer and water may differ from that of a binary mixture of glycol ether and water by a significant margin, for example, greater than + / - 1 °K, or + / - Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 342 / 372 165 / 174 1.5 °K, or + / - 2 °K, or + / - 2.5 °K, or + / - 3 °K, or + / - 3.5 °K, or + / - 4 °K, or + / - 4.5 °K, or + / - 5 °K, or + / - 5.5 °K, or + / - 6 °K, or + / - 6.5 °K, or + / - 7 °K, or + / - 7.5 °K, or + / - 8 °K, or + / - 8.5 °K, or + / - 9 °K, or + / - 9.5 °K, or + / - 10 °K. Generally, the cloud point temperature of a combined cloud point will be different from each of the cloud point temperatures of the respective reagents in binary mixtures with water.

[0880] · Note: Some compositions may have more than one cloud point temperature.

[0881] · Note: Some compositions may contain a liquid-liquid phase transition (LCST), or a liquid-liquid phase transition (UCST), or both.

[0882] · Note: The reduction of the density of an aqueous liquid phase or of a liquid phase comprising more than 50% by weight of water may be carried out using low-density reagents that are highly soluble in water, such as, including but not limited to, alcohols, methanol, ethanol, acetone, organic solvents, highly soluble ethers, aldehydes, ketones, esters, low-density inorganics, ammonia or amine, or a combination thereof.

[0883] Modalities Set 1 1. Liquid-liquid phase transition process, comprising: to form a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water; A phase transition of the composition at or above the cloud point temperature of the composition to form at least two liquid phases where the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 343 / 372 166 / 174 per kg measured by a calorimeter; wherein a first liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises more than 50% by weight water; and wherein a second liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises a glycol polymer and wherein: (1) the second liquid phase comprising a glycol polymer has a density less than the density of the liquid phase comprising more than 50% by weight of water according to ASTM D1122; or (2) wherein the second liquid phase comprising the glycol polymer has a viscosity less than 100cP at 25 °C wherein the viscosity is measured in the second liquid phase as a separate non-contiguous phase with a viscometer; or (3) both (1) and (2). 2. The process, according to embodiment 1, in which the glycol polymer has an average molecular number greater than or equal to 1,000 and less than or equal to 3,000. 3. The process, according to embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, in which the glycol polymer comprises a polypropylene glycol. 4. The process, according to embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, in which the glycol polymer comprises a polyethylene glycol. 5. The process, according to embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, wherein the glycol polymer comprises a block copolymer selected from PEG-Ran-PG, or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or any combination thereof. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 344 / 372 167 / 174 6. The process, according to embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, wherein the second liquid phase comprising a glycol polymer further comprises a glycol ether selected from an alkylene glycol alkyl ether, a dialkylene glycol alkyl ether, a trialkylene glycol alkyl ether, a dialkyl alkylene glycol or any combination thereof wherein alkyl is a C1-C6 alkyl. 7. The process, according to embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, in which the phase transition temperature includes a combined cloud point. 8. The process, according to embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, in which the second liquid phase further comprises a density-reducing reagent, a density-intensifying reagent, a viscosity-reducing reagent, or any combination thereof. 9. The process, according to embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, wherein the glycol polymer comprises at least 80% by weight of the second liquid phase based on the total weight of the second phase, and wherein the second liquid phase comprises less than 20% by weight of the water phase based on the total weight of the second phase. 10. Glycol polymer composition, characterized in that it comprises: from about 1 to about 80 percent by weight of the total composition of at least one glycol polymer having a number average molecular weight of less than or equal to 3,000; from about 1 to about 99 percent by weight of the total composition of water; wherein the composition comprises a cloud point temperature above which a liquid phase comprising glycol polymer forms due to a liquid-liquid phase transition and wherein Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 345 / 372 168 / 174 (1) the density of the liquid phase formed is less than 1 gram per mL; and (2) the enthalpy of liquid-liquid phase transition is greater than 5 kJ per kg, measured by a calorimeter. 11. The composition, according to embodiment 10, in which the glycol polymer has a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 1000. 12. The composition, according to embodiment 10 or embodiment 11, further comprising from about 0.25 to about 30 percent by weight of the total composition of an organic reagent having a density of less than 1 g / mL at 10 °C, and wherein (1) said organic reagent has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of glycol polymer; (2) said glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of the organic reagent; and wherein (1) and (2) are different temperatures greater than + / - 0.3 degrees K. 13. The composition, according to embodiment 10 or 11, in which the said organic reagent and the glycol polymer exhibit a combined cloud point. 14. The composition, according to embodiment 10 or embodiment 11, further comprising from about 0.5 to about 50 percent by weight of a glycol ether selected from an alkylene glycol alkyl ether, a dialkylene glycol alkyl ether, a trialkylene glycol alkyl ether, an alkylene glycol dialkyl, or any combination thereof wherein alkyl is a C1-C6 alkyl. 15. The composition, according to embodiment 10 or embodiment 11, wherein the glycol polymer comprises a block copolymer selected from PEG-Ran-PG, or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or any combination thereof. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 346 / 372 169 / 174 Set 2 1. Liquid-liquid phase transition process, comprising: to form a composition comprising a glycol polymer and water; Phase transition of the composition at or above the cloud point temperature of the composition to form at least two liquid phases; wherein a first liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises more than 50% by weight of water; wherein a second liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises a glycol polymer; and wherein (1) the second liquid phase comprising a glycol polymer has a density less than the density of the liquid phase comprising more than 50% by weight of water according to ASTM D1122; and (2) the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg, measured by a calorimeter. 2. The process, according to embodiment 1, in which the glycol polymer comprises a polypropylene glycol. 3. The process, according to embodiment 1, in which the glycol polymer comprises a polyethylene glycol. 4. The process, according to embodiment 1, in which the glycol polymer comprises a block copolymer. 5. The process, according to embodiment 4, in which the block copolymer is selected from PEG-Ran-PG, or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PPG-PEGPPG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or PEGPPG-PEG, or any combination thereof. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 347 / 372 170 / 174 6. The process, according to embodiment 1, in which the glycol polymer has an average molecular number greater than or equal to 1,000 and less than or equal to 3,000. 7. The process, according to embodiment 1, in which the second phase comprising a glycol polymer further comprises a glycol ether. 8. The process, according to embodiment 7, in which said glycol ether is selected from an alkylene glycol alkyl ether, a dialkylene glycol alkyl ether, a trialkylene glycol alkyl ether, an alkylene glycol dialkyl or any combination thereof wherein alkyl is a C1-C6 alkyl. 9. The process, according to embodiment 7, in which the cloud point comprises a combined cloud point. 10. Glycol polymer composition, characterized in that it comprises: from about 1 to about 80 percent by weight of the total composition of at least one glycol polymer having a number average molecular weight of less than or equal to 3,000; from about 1 to about 99 percent by weight of the total composition of water; wherein the composition comprises a cloud point temperature above which a liquid phase comprising glycol polymer forms due to a liquid-liquid phase transition and wherein (1) the density of the liquid phase formed is less than 1 gram per mL; and (2) the enthalpy of liquid-liquid phase transition is greater than 5 kJ per kg, measured by a calorimeter. 11. The composition, according to modality 10, also includes Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 348 / 372 171 / 174 of about 0.25 to about 30 percent by weight of the total composition of an organic reagent with a density of less than 1 g / mL at 10 °C. 12. The composition of embodiment 11 wherein (1) said organic reagent has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of glycol polymer; and (2) said glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of the organic reagent. 13. The composition, according to modality 12 where (1) and (2) are different temperatures. 14. The composition, according to embodiment 11, in which the aforementioned organic reagent and the glycol polymer exhibit a combined cloud point. 15. The composition of embodiment 11 wherein (1) said glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of the organic reagent; (2) said composition has a combined cloud point; and (3) wherein the temperature of '(1)' differs from the temperature of '(2)' by more than + / - 0.3 degrees K. 16. The composition of embodiment 11 wherein: (1) said organic reagent has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of glycol polymer; (2) said glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of the organic reagent; (3) said composition has a combined cloud point; and (4) wherein the temperature of '(3)' is different from the temperature of '(1)', or '(2)', or both. 17. Glycol polymer composition, characterized in that it comprises: Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 349 / 372 172 / 174 of about 1 to about 80 percent by weight of the total composition of at least one polypropylene glycol with a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 2,000 and less than or equal to 3,000; from about 1 to about 99 percent by weight of the total composition of water; wherein (1) the composition comprises a single liquid phase combined solution at a temperature below 5 °C which may be defined as determined by the number of particles per mL of the composition wherein the number of particles per mL of the composition is less than 150 as measured by laser particle counting at a temperature below 5 °C; and (2) liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg, measured by a calorimeter. 18. The composition, according to embodiment 17, further comprising from about 0.5 to about 50 percent by weight of a glycol ether. 19. Liquid-liquid phase transition process, comprising: to form a composition comprising a glycol polymer with an average molecular number greater than or equal to 1000 and water; and a phase transition of the composition into at least two liquid phases; wherein a first liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises more than 50% by weight of water; wherein a second liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises a glycol polymer with an average molecular number greater than or equal to 1000; wherein the second liquid phase comprising the glycol polymer has a viscosity of less than 100cP at 25 °C, wherein the viscosity is measured in the second liquid phase as a separate non-contiguous phase with a Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 350 / 372 173 / 174 viscometer; and wherein the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg of composition measured by a calorimeter. 20. The process, according to embodiment 19, in which the second liquid phase also includes a density-reducing reagent. 21. The process, according to embodiment 19, in which the second liquid phase also includes a density-increasing reagent. 22. The process, according to embodiment 19, in which the second liquid phase also includes a viscosity-reducing reagent. 23. The process, according to embodiment 19, in which the second liquid phase further comprises a glycol ether. 24. The process, according to embodiment 23, in which the glycol ether and the glycol polymer have a combined cloud point. 25. The process, according to embodiment 19, in which the glycol polymer comprises at least 50% by weight of the second liquid phase based on the total weight of the second phase. 26. The process, according to embodiment 19, in which the glycol polymer comprises at least 80% by weight of the second liquid phase based on the total weight of the second phase. 27. The process, according to embodiment 19, in which the second liquid phase comprises less than 20% by weight of aqueous phase based on the total weight of the second phase. 28. The process, according to modality 19, in which the cloud point temperature of the composition is above 25 °C. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 351 / 372 174 / 174 29. The process, according to embodiment 19, in which the cloud point temperature of the composition is below 25 °C. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pages 352 / 372

Claims

1 / 4 CLAIMS 1. Liquid-Liquid Phase Transition Process, characterized in that it comprises: forming a composition comprising a glycol polymer, a glycol ether and water; phase transition of the composition at or above the cloud point temperature of the composition to form at least two liquid phases, wherein the liquid-liquid phase transition enthalpy is greater than 5 kJ per kg, as measured by a mixing calorimeter; wherein a first liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises more than 50% by weight of water;and wherein a second liquid phase of said at least two liquid phases comprises glycol polymer and glycol ether wherein: (1) the second liquid phase comprising glycol polymer and glycol ether has a density less than the density of the liquid phase comprising more than 50% by weight of water, when separated non-contiguously from other liquid phases and at a temperature of 10°C, according to ASTM D1122; or (2) wherein the second liquid phase comprising glycol polymer and glycol ether has a viscosity less than 100 cP at 25°C, wherein the viscosity is measured in the second liquid phase as a separated non-contiguous phase with a viscometer; or (3) both (1) and (2);wherein the glycol ether is selected from an alkylene glycol alkyl ether, a dialkylene glycol alkyl ether, a trialkylene glycol alkyl ether, an alkylene glycol dialkyl or any combination thereof, wherein alkyl is a C1-C6 alkyl.

2. Liquid-Liquid Phase Transition Process, according to Claim 1, characterized in that the glycol polymer has an average molecular number greater than or equal to 1,000 and less than or equal to 3,000.

3. Liquid-Liquid Phase Transition Process, according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the glycol polymer comprises a polypropylene glycol.

4. Liquid-Liquid Phase Transition Process, according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the glycol polymer comprises a polyethylene glycol.

5. Liquid-Liquid Phase Transition Process, according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the glycol polymer comprises a block copolymer selected from PEG-RanPG, or PPG-PEG-PPG, or PEG-PPG-PEG, or any combination thereof.

6. Liquid-Liquid Phase Transition Process, according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the phase transition temperature comprises a combined cloud point.

7. Liquid-Liquid Phase Transition Process, according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second liquid phase further comprises a density-reducing reagent, a density-intensifying reagent, a viscosity-reducing reagent, or any combination thereof.

8. Liquid-Liquid Phase Transition Process, according to Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the glycol polymer Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 358 / 372 3 / 4 comprises at least 70% by weight of the second liquid phase based on the total weight of the second phase and in that the second liquid phase comprises less than 30% by weight of the aqueous phase based on the total weight of the second phase.

9. Glycol Polymer Composition, characterized in that it comprises: from 1 to 80 percent by weight of the total composition of at least one glycol polymer having a number average molecular weight less than or equal to 3,000; from 1 to 99 percent by weight of the total composition of water; wherein the composition comprises a cloud point temperature above which a liquid phase comprising glycol polymer forms due to a liquid-liquid phase transition and wherein (1) the density of the liquid phase formed is less than 1 gram per mL when separated non-contiguously from other liquid phases and at a temperature of 10°C; and (2) the enthalpy of liquid-liquid phase transition is greater than 5 kJ per kg, as measured by a mixing calorimeter.

10. Glycol Polymer Composition according to Claim 9, characterized in that the glycol polymer has a number average molecular weight greater than or equal to 1.

000.

11. Glycol Polymer Composition, according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that it further comprises from 0.25 to 30 percent by weight of the total composition of an organic reagent having a density less than 1 g / mL at 10°C and wherein (1) said organic reagent has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of glycol polymer; (2) said glycol polymer has a cloud point temperature in water in the absence of the organic reagent; and wherein (1) and (2) are temperatures different by more than + / - 0.3 degrees K.

12. Glycol Polymer Composition, according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that said organic reagent and the glycol polymer exhibit a combined cloud point.

13. Glycol Polymer Composition, according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that it further comprises from 0.5 to 50 percent by weight of a glycol ether selected from an alkylene glycol alkyl ether, a dialkylene glycol alkyl ether, a trialkylene glycol alkyl ether, an alkylene glycol dialkyl or any combination thereof, wherein alkyl is a C1-C6 alkyl.

14. Glycol Polymer Composition, according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the glycol polymer comprises a block copolymer selected from PEG-Ran-PG or PPG-PEG-PPG or PEG-PPG-PEG or any combination thereof. Petition 870250003118, dated 14 / 01 / 2025, pp. 360 / 372

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