SIDE LINK TRANSMISSION METHOD AND TERMINAL DEVICE

Description

[001] This application relates to the field of communication technologies and, more specifically, to a side-link transmission method and a terminal device. BACKGROUND

[002] To improve the transmission rate of a side-link communication system, one can consider extending a frequency band for side-link communication to a high-frequency band (e.g., a frequency band higher than 52.6 GHz). As the frequency increases, the subcarrier spacing increases and, correspondingly, the duration corresponding to a symbol decreases. In this case, there is currently no suitable solution for achieving side-link transmission or side-link reception. SUMMARY

[003] This application provides a side-link transmission method and a terminal device. The aspects related to this application are described below.

[004] According to a first aspect, a side-link transmission method is provided, and the method includes: performing, by a first terminal device, side-link transmission or side-link reception in a first time unit, wherein the first time unit includes M consecutive slots, and M is a positive integer greater than 1.

[005] According to a second aspect, it is Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 9 / 591 2 / 239 provided a terminal device, wherein the terminal device is a first terminal device, and the first terminal device includes: a communication module, configured to perform side-link transmission or side-link reception in a first time unit, wherein the first time unit includes M consecutive slots, and M is a positive integer greater than 1.

[006] According to a third aspect, a terminal device is provided, including a transceiver, a memory and a processor, in which the memory is configured to store a program, and the processor is configured to invoke the program in memory and control the transceiver to receive or transmit a signal, to cause the terminal device to execute the method according to the first aspect.

[007] According to a fourth aspect, a device is provided, including a processor configured to invoke a program from memory, to make the device execute the method according to the first aspect.

[008] According to a fifth aspect, a chip is provided, including a processor configured to invoke a program from memory, to cause a device installed with the chip to execute the method according to the first aspect.

[009] According to a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a program, and the program causes a computer to execute the method according to the first aspect. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 10 / 591 3 / 239

[0010] According to a seventh aspect, a computer program product is provided, including a program, wherein the program causes a computer to execute a method according to the first aspect.

[0011] According to an eighth aspect, a computer program is provided, in which the computer program causes a computer to execute the method according to the first aspect.

[0012] In embodiments of this application, side-link transmission or side-link reception is performed on the basis of time units, and a time unit includes a plurality of slots, so that the efficiency of side-link data transmission can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is an exemplary diagram of a system architecture for a wireless communications system to which the embodiments of this application are applicable.

[0014] Figure 2 is an exemplary diagram of a side-link communication scenario within the network coverage.

[0015] Figure 3 is an exemplary diagram of a side-link communication scenario with partial network coverage.

[0016] Figure 4 is an exemplary diagram of a side link communication scenario outside the network coverage.

[0017] Figure 5 is an illustrative diagram of a side-link communication scenario based on a central control node.

[0018] Figure 6 is an illustrative diagram. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 11 / 591 4 / 239 of a broadcast-based side link communication mode.

[0019] Figure 7 is an illustrative diagram of a unicast-based side-link communication mode.

[0020] Figure 8 is an illustrative diagram of a side-link communication mode based on multicast.

[0021] Figure 9A is an illustrative diagram of a slot structure used for a side-link communications system.

[0022] Figure 9B is another example diagram of a slot structure used for a side-link communication system.

[0023] Figure 10 is an illustrative diagram of a side-link feedback scenario.

[0024] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a time-domain demodulation reference signal pattern (DMRS) that can be used by a physical side-link shared channel (PSSCH) with 13 symbols in length.

[0025] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a frequency domain position of a DMRS of a physical side link control channel (physical side link control channel, PSCCH).

[0026] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a slot structure for transmitting a side-link synchronization signal block (side-link synchronization signal block, S-SSB).

[0027] Figure 14 is an illustrative diagram. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 12 / 591 5 / 239 of a communication scenario for a wide-beam communication system.

[0028] Figure 15 is an illustrative diagram of a communication scenario for a narrow beam communication system.

[0029] Figure 16 is a schematic flowchart of a mode of use of a transmission configuration indicator state (transmission configuration indicator, TCI).

[0030] Figure 17 is a schematic flowchart of a side link transmission mode according to one embodiment of this request.

[0031] Figure 18A is an illustrative diagram of a time unit structure, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0032] Figure 18B is another illustrative diagram of a one-time-unit structure, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0033] Figure 18C is an example of a modality unit of this request.

[0034] Figure 18D is an example of a modality unit of this request.

[0035] Figure 19A exemplifies a modality unit of this request.

[0036] Figure 19B exemplifying a modality unit of this request.

[0037] Figure 19C is yet another time diagram, according to a is yet another time diagram, according to a is yet another time diagram, according to a is yet another time diagram, according to a is yet another diagram Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 13 / 591 6 / 239 exemplifying a unit of time, according to a modality of this request.

[0038] Figure 19D is yet another exemplary diagram of a unit of time, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0039] Figure 19E is yet another exemplary diagram of a unit of time, according to an embodiment of this request.

[0040] Figure 19F is yet another exemplary diagram of a unit of time, according to an embodiment of this request.

[0041] Figure 20 is an illustrative diagram of a method for indexing a resource allocation indicator field in the time domain, according to one modality of this request.

[0042] Figure 21 is another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one modality of this request.

[0043] Figure 22 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0044] Figure 23 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0045] Figure 24 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0046] Figure 25 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 14 / 591 7 / 239

[0047] Figure 26 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0048] Figure 27 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0049] Figure 28 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0050] Figure 29 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0051] Figure 30 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0052] Figure 31 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0053] Figure 32 is a schematic flowchart of a side link transmission method according to another embodiment of this application.

[0054] Figure 33 is an exemplary diagram of a side-link feedback mode, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0055] Figure 34 is another exemplary diagram of a side-link feedback mode, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0056] Figure 35 is yet another exemplary diagram of a side-link feedback mode, according to one embodiment of this request. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 15 / 591 8 / 239

[0057] Figure 36 is yet another exemplary diagram of a side-link feedback mode, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0058] Figure 37 is yet another exemplary diagram of a side-link feedback mode, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0059] Figure 38 is a schematic flowchart of a method for lateral link communication according to one modality of this request.

[0060] Figure 39 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0061] Figure 40 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0062] Figure 41 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0063] Figure 42 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0064] Figure 43A is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0065] Figure 43B is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0066] Figure 43C is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 16 / 591 9 / 239

[0067] exemplary modality of this

[0068] exemplary modality of this

[0069] exemplary modality of this

[0070] exemplary modality of this

[0071] exemplary modality of this

[0072] exemplary modality of this

[0073] exemplary modality of this

[0074] exemplary modality of this

[0075] exemplary modality of this

[0076] exemplary modality of this Figure 44A shows a unit order. Figure 44B of an order unit. Figure 45 shows a unit order. Figure 46A shows an order unit. Figure 46B of an order unit. Figure 47A shows a unit order. Figure 47B of an order unit. Figure 47C of an order unit. Figure 48 shows a unit order. Figure 49A shows an order unit. It's yet another time, according to... It's yet another time, according to... It's yet another time, according to... It's yet another time, according to... It's yet another time, according to... It's yet another time, according to... It's yet another time, according to... It's yet another time, according to... diagram with a diagram with a diagram with a diagram with a diagram with a diagram with a diagram with a diagram with a diagram with a diagram with a diagram with a diagram with a diagram with a Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 17 / 591 10 / 239

[0077] Figure 49B is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0078] Figure 50 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0079] Figure 51 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0080] Figure 52 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0081] Figure 53 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0082] Figure 54 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0083] Figure 55 is yet another illustrative diagram of a time unit, according to one embodiment of this request.

[0084] Figure 56 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0085] Figure 57 is a schematic structural diagram of a device, according to an embodiment of this application. DESCRIPTION OF MODALITIES COMMUNICATION SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

[0086] Figure 1 is an illustrative diagram. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 18 / 591 11 / 239 of a system architecture of a wireless communications system 100 to which the embodiments of this application are applicable. The wireless communications system 100 may include a network device 110 and a terminal device 120. The network device 110 may be a device that communicates with the terminal device 120. The network device 110 may provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area and may communicate with the terminal device 120 located within the coverage.

[0087] Figure 1 shows a network device and a terminal device as examples. Optionally, the wireless communications system 100 may include one or more network devices 110 and / or one or more terminal devices 120. For a network device 110, one or more terminal devices 120 may be located within the network coverage of the network device 110, or may be located outside the network coverage of the network device 110, or may be located partially within the network coverage of the network device 110 and partially outside the network coverage of the network device 110, which is not limited to the embodiments of this application.

[0088] Optionally, the 100 wireless communications system may additionally include another network entity, such as a network controller or a mobility management entity, which is not limited to the embodiments of this application.

[0089] It should be understood that the technical solutions of the modalities of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as a 5th generation (5G) system or a new radio (NR) system. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 19 / 591 12 / 239 a long-term evolution system (Long-Term Evolution, LTE), a frequency-division duplex LTE system (Frequency-Division Duplex, FDD) and a time-division duplex LTE system (Time-Division Duplex, TDD). The technical solutions provided in this application may be further applied to a future communications system, such as a 6th generation mobile communications system or a satellite communications system.

[0090] The terminal device in embodiments of this application may also be referred to as user equipment (user equipment, UE), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile site, a mobile station (mobile-station, MS), a mobile terminal (mobile terminal, MT), a remote station, a remote terminal device, a mobile device, a user terminal, a wireless communications device, a user agent, or a user appliance. The terminal device in embodiments of this application may be a device that provides a user with voice and / or data connectivity and is capable of connecting people, objects, and machines, such as a portable device or a vehicle-mounted device that has a wireless connection function.The terminal device in embodiments of this application may be a mobile phone (cellular phone), a tablet computer (Pad), a notebook computer, a handheld computer, a mobile internet device (mobile internet device, MID), a wearable device, a vehicle, a wireless terminal in industrial control (industrial control), a wireless terminal in autonomous driving (autonomous driving), a wireless terminal in remote medical surgery (remote medical surgery), a wireless terminal in a. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 20 / 591 13 / 239 smart grid (smart grid), a wireless terminal in transport security (transport security), a wireless terminal in a smart city (smart city), a wireless terminal in a smart home (smart home), or similar. For example, the terminal device may serve as a scheduling entity that provides a side link signal between terminal devices in vehicle-to-everything (V2X), device-to-device (device-to-device) communications. D2D) or similar. For example, a cell phone and a vehicle communicate with each other via a side link signal. A cell phone and a smart home device communicate with each other without relaying a communication signal through a base station. Optionally, the terminal device can be configured to serve as a base station.

[0091] The network device in the embodiments of this application may be a device configured to communicate with the terminal device. The network device may also be referred to as an access network device or radio access network device. For example, the network device may be a base station. The network device in the embodiments of this application may be a radio access network (RAN) node (or device) that connects the terminal device to a wireless network. The base station may broadly encompass devices with the following names, or may be interchanged with devices with the following names, such as a B Node (B Node), an evolved B Node (evolved B Node, eNB), a next-generation B Node (Next-generation B Node, gNB), a relay station, a point Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 21 / 591 14 / 239 access, a transmit and receive point (Transmit and Receive Point, TRP), a transmit point (Transmit Point, TP), a master eNode B (MeNB), a secondary eNode B (SeNB), a multi-pattern radio node (MSR), a home base station, a network controller, an access node, a wireless node, an access point (Access Point, AP), a transmit node, a transceiver node, a baseband unit (Baseband Unit, BBU), a remote radio unit (Remote Radio Unit, RRU), an active antenna unit (Active Antenna Unit, AAU), a remote radio head (Remote Radio Head, RRH), a central unit (Central Unit, CU), a distributed unit (Distributed Unit, DU), and a positioning node. The base station can be a macro base station, a micro base station, a relay node, a donor node, or something similar, or a combination thereof.Alternatively, the base station may be a communications module, a modem, or a chip disposed within the device or apparatus described above. Alternatively, the base station may be a mobile switching center, a device that functions as a base station in device-to-device (D2D, V2X, or machine-to-machine, M2M) communications, a network-side device in a 6G network, a device that functions as a base station in a future communications system, or similar. The base station may support networks of the same access technology or different access technologies. A specific technology and a specific device used by the network device are not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0092] The base station can be a fixed or mobile base station. For example, a helicopter or an aerial vehicle. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 22 / 591 An unmanned 15 / 239 can be configured to act as a mobile base station, and one or more cells can move based on the position of the mobile base station. In another example, a helicopter or an unmanned aerial vehicle can be configured to serve as a device communicating with another base station.

[0093] In some deployments, the network device in the embodiments of this application may be a CU or a DU, or the network device may include a CU and a DU. The gNB may additionally include an AAU.

[0094] The network device and the terminal device may be deployed on land, including being deployed indoors or outdoors, portable or vehicle-mounted, may be deployed on the water surface, or may be deployed on an airplane, a balloon, or a satellite in the air. In embodiments of this application, a scenario in which the network device and the terminal device are located is not limited. Side link communication in different network coverage states

[0095] Side-link communication means a communication technology based on a side link. Side-link communication can be, for example, device-to-device (D2D) communication or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication. Communication data in a conventional cellular system is received or transmitted between a terminal device and a network device, whereas side-link communication supports the direct transmission of communication data between terminal devices. In Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 23 / 591 16 / 239 Compared to conventional cellular communication, direct data transmission between terminal devices can have greater spectral efficiency and lower transmission delay. For example, a vehicle-to-everything system uses a side-link communication technology.

[0096] Side link communication can be classified, depending on the network coverage status of the terminal device, into side link communication within network coverage, side link communication with partial network coverage, and side link communication outside network coverage.

[0097] Figure 2 is an illustrative diagram of a side-link communication scenario within network coverage. In the scenario shown in Figure 2, both terminal devices 120a are located within the coverage of a network device 110. Therefore, both terminal devices 120a can receive configuration signaling (where configuration signaling in this order can alternatively be replaced by configuration information) from network device 110 and determine a side-link configuration based on the configuration signaling from network device 110. After performing the side-link configuration, both terminal devices 120a can perform side-link communication on a side link.

[0098] Figure 3 is an illustrative diagram of a side-link communication scenario with partial network coverage. In the scenario shown in Figure 3, a terminal device 120a performs side-link communication with a terminal device 120b. The device Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 24 / 591 Terminal 120a is located within the coverage area of ​​network device 110. Therefore, terminal device 120a can receive configuration signaling from network device 110 and determine a side link configuration based on the configuration signaling from network device 110. Terminal device 120b is located outside the network coverage area and cannot receive configuration signaling from network device 110. In this case, terminal device 120b can determine a side link configuration based on pre-configuration information and / or information that is carried on a physical side link broadcast channel (physical side link broadcast channel, PSBCH) and transmitted by terminal device 120a located within the network coverage area.After configuring the side link, both terminal device 120a and terminal device 120b can perform side link communication on a side link.

[0099] Figure 4 is an illustrative diagram of a side-link communication scenario outside network coverage. In the scenario shown in Figure 4, both 120b terminal devices are located outside network coverage. In this case, both 120b terminal devices can determine a side-link configuration based on pre-configuration information. After performing the side-link configuration, both 120b terminal devices can perform side-link communication on a side-link. Lateral Link Communication Based on a Central Control Node Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 25 / 591 18 / 239

[00100] Figure 5 is an illustrative diagram of a side-link communication scenario based on a central control node. In the side-link communication scenario, a plurality of terminal devices can form a communication group, and the communication group has a central control node. The central control node can be a terminal device (e.g., terminal device 1 in Figure 5) in the communication group, and the terminal device can also be referred to as a cluster header terminal device (cluster header, CH).The central control node may be responsible for implementing one or more of the following functions: establishing a communication group, adding a member to the group or removing a member from the group in a communication group, coordinating resources within a communication group, allocating side-link transmission resources to another terminal device, receiving side-link feedback from another terminal device, and coordinating resources with another communication group. SIDE LINK COMMUNICATION MODE

[00101] Two side-link communication modes are defined in some standards or protocols (for example, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)): a first mode and a second mode.

[00102] In the first mode, a resource (the resource mentioned in this application may also be called a transmission resource, such as a time frequency resource) of a terminal device is allocated by a network device. The terminal device can transmit data on a side link. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 26 / 591 19 / 239 using the resource allocated by the network device. The network device can allocate a resource for a single transmission to the terminal device, or it can allocate a resource for semi-static transmission to the terminal device. The first mode can be applied to a scenario where there is network device coverage, for example, the scenario shown in Figure 2. In the scenario shown in Figure 2, terminal device 120a is located within the network coverage of network device 110. Therefore, network device 110 can allocate a resource to terminal device 120a that is used in a side-link transmission process.

[00103] In the second mode, the terminal device can independently select one or more resources from a resource grouping (resource grouping, RP). The terminal device can then perform side-link transmission using the selected resource. For example, in the scenario shown in Figure 4, terminal device 120b is located outside the cell coverage. Therefore, terminal device 120b can independently select a resource from a pre-configured resource set to perform side-link transmission. Alternatively, in the scenario shown in Figure 2, terminal device 120a can independently select one or more resources from a resource set configured by network device 110 to perform side-link transmission. DATA TRANSMISSION MODES IN LATERAL LINK COMMUNICATION

[00104] Some side-link communication systems (such as long-term vehicle-to-everything evolution (LTE-V2X)) support Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 27 / 591 20 / 239 a broadcast-based data transmission mode (briefly referred to as broadcast transmission below). For broadcast transmission, a receiving terminal can be any terminal device surrounding a transmitting terminal. For example, in Figure 6, terminal device 1 is a transmitting end terminal, and a receiving end terminal corresponding to the transmitting end terminal is any terminal device surrounding terminal device 1, for example, it could be terminal device 2 to terminal device 6 in Figure 6.

[00105] In addition to broadcast transmission, some communication systems also support a unicast-based data transmission mode (referred to as unicast transmission) and / or a multicast-based data transmission mode (referred to as selective multicast transmission). For example, the New Radio for Everything vehicle (NR-V2X) is expected to support autonomous driving. Autonomous driving imposes higher requirements for data interaction between vehicles. For example, data interaction between vehicles requires higher throughput, lower latency, higher reliability, greater coverage, a more flexible way of allocating resources, and the like. Therefore, to improve the performance of data interaction between vehicles, NR-V2X introduces unicast transmission and multicast transmission.

[00106] For unicast transmission, the receiving terminal usually includes only one terminal device. For example, in Figure 7, unicast transmission is performed between a terminal device 1 and a terminal device 2. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 28 / 591 21 / 239 Terminal device 1 can be a transmitting end terminal, and terminal device 2 can be a receiving end terminal. Alternatively, terminal device 1 can be a receiving end terminal and terminal device 2 can be a transmitting end terminal.

[00107] For multicast transmission, the receiving terminal can be terminal devices in a communication group, or the receiving terminal can be terminal devices within a specific transmission distance. For example, in Figure 8, a terminal device 1, a terminal device 2, a terminal device 3, and a terminal device 4 constitute a communication group. If terminal device 1 transmits data, all other terminal devices (terminal device 2 to terminal device 4) in the group can be receiving terminals. SLOT STRUCTURE FOR SIDE-LINK COMMUNICATION

[00108] In a communications system, a frame, a subframe, or a slot structure for side-link communication can be defined. In some side-link communication systems, a plurality of slot structures are defined. For example, two slot structures are defined in an NR-based side-link communication system (NR SL). One of the slot structures does not include any physical side-link feedback channel (physical side-link feedback channel, PSFCH), as shown in Figure 9A; and the other of the slot structures includes a PSFCH, as shown in Figure 9B.

[00109] A PSCCH in NR SL can use a second side link symbol of a slot as a starting position. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 29 / 591 22 / 239 in the time domain, and the PSCCH can occupy two or three symbols in the time domain (each symbol mentioned in this document may refer to an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol). In the frequency domain, the PSCCH can occupy a plurality of physical feature blocks (physical feature block, PRB). For example, a number of PRBs occupied by the PSCCH can be selected from the following values: {10, 12, 15, 20, 25}.

[00110] To reduce the complexity of blind detection performed by a terminal device in PSCCH, generally, in a feature set, only a certain number of symbols and a certain number of PRBs are configured for PSCCH. Furthermore, because NR SL uses a subchannel (sub-channel) as the minimum granularity for PSCCH feature allocation, the number of PRBs occupied by PSCCH must be less than or equal to the number of PRBs included in a subchannel in a feature set.

[00111] With reference to Figure 9A, for a slot structure excluding the PSFCH, the PSSCH in NR SL can use a second side link symbol in the slot as a starting position in the time domain. The last side link symbol in the slot is used as a guard period (guard period, GP), and a remaining symbol can be used to map the PSSCH, where the guard period can also be referred to as a guard symbol (guard symbol). The first side link symbol in the interval can be a repetition of the second side link symbol. Generally, a terminal device as the receiving end uses the first side link symbol as a symbol to perform the Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 30 / 591 23 / 239 Automatic Gain Control (AGC). Thus, data on the first side link symbol is generally not used for data demodulation. PSSCH can occupy K subchannels in the frequency domain, and each subchannel can include M consecutive PRBs (the values ​​of K and M can be predefined in a protocol, or pre-configured, or configured by a network device, or determined depending on the terminal device implementation).

[00112] Figure 9B shows a slot structure including a PSFCH, and Figure 9B schematically shows the symbol positions occupied by a PSFCH, a PSCCH, and a PSSCH in a slot. The slot structure differs mainly from the slot structure in Figure 9A in that a penultimate symbol and a third-to-last symbol in the slot are used to transmit a PSFCH, and, in addition, a symbol before the symbol used to transmit the PSFCH is also used as a GP (or guard symbol). It can be learned from the slot structure shown in Figure 9B that, in a slot, the last symbol is used as GP, the penultimate symbol is used to transmit the PSFCH, and the data in the antepenultimate symbol is the same as the data in the penultimate symbol used to transmit the PSFCH, i.e., the antepenultimate symbol is used as a symbol to perform the AGC, and the fourth-to-last symbol has the same function as the last symbol and is also used as GP.Furthermore, a first symbol in the slot is used for AGC, and the data in that symbol is the same as the data in a second symbol in the slot. PSCCH occupies three symbols, and the remaining symbols can be used to transmit PSSCH. PSFCH TRANSMISSION RESOURCE

[00113] To reduce the overhead of a PSFCH, it is Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 31 / 591 24 / 239 is specified in some communication systems that one slot in every N slots includes a PSFCH transmission feature (or so-called side-link feedback feature). In other words, one slot of the side-link feedback feature is N slots. A value of N, for example, can be 1, 2, or 4. The parameter N mentioned in this document can be pre-configured or can be configured by a network device.

[00114] Figure 10 shows a side-link feedback scenario corresponding to a case where the value of N is 4. As can be seen in Figure 10, the side-link feedback information of PSSCHs transmitted in slots 1, 2, 3, and 4 is all transmitted in slot 7. Therefore, slots {1, 2, 3, 4} can be considered as a slot set, and the PSFCHs corresponding to the PSSCHs transmitted in the slots of the slot set are located in the same slot.

[00115] If a transmitting end device (i.e., a terminal device as the transmitting end) transmits a PSCCH / PSSCH in slot n, a receiving end device (i.e., a terminal device as the receiving end) transmits a PSFCH in the first available slot after slot n+k, where k is a configuration parameter. A value of k can be 2 or 3. For example, in Figure 10, a network device is configured so that k = 2, the transmitting end device transmits a PSCCH / PSSCH in slot 4, and the receiving end device transmits a PSFCH in the first available slot after slot 6, i.e., in slot 7. DMRS STRUCTURE OF PSCCH AND PSSCH Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 32 / 591 25 / 239

[00116] A PSSCH supports a plurality of DMRS patterns in the time domain. Table 1 shows the definition of a DMRS pattern in the time domain of a PSSCH in some communication systems (such as an NR SL system). As shown in Table 1, in a feature set, if the number of PSSCH symbols (the number of PSSCH symbols includes a symbol used for AGC, but the number of PSSCH symbols does not include the last symbol used as GP, a PSFCH symbol, or AGC and GP symbols located before the PSFCH symbol) is greater than or equal to 11, a maximum of three different DMRS patterns in the time domain can be configured. The three DMRS patterns in the time domain are, respectively, a DMRS pattern in the time domain including two DMRS symbols, a DMRS pattern in the time domain including three DMRS symbols, and a DMRS pattern in the time domain including four DMRS symbols.If the number of PSSCH symbols is 6, 7, or 8, only the DMRS time-domain pattern, including two DMRS symbols, can be configured for PSSCH. If the number of PSSCH symbols is 9 or 10, the DMRS time-domain pattern, including two or three DMRS symbols, can be configured for PSSCH. If the number of PSSCH symbols is 11, 12, or 13, the DMRS time-domain pattern, including two DMRS symbols, three DMRS symbols, or four DMRS symbols, can be configured for PSSCH.

[00117] Table 1 shows the symbol positions corresponding to the PSSCH DMRSs with different numbers of symbols when a PSCCH occupies two symbols and three symbols, respectively. As can be seen in Table 1, the number of PSSCH symbols is greater than or equal to 6. In other words, a number of symbols (including no GP symbols) Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 33 / 591 26 / 239 available for PSSCH transmission in a slot must be greater than or equal to 6.

[00118] If a plurality of DMRS time-domain standards are configured in a resource set, a specific DMRS time-domain standard to be used is selected by a transmission device and indicated in the first-stage SCIs. TABLE 1: QUANTITIES AND POSITIONS OF DMRS SYMBOLS FOR DIFFERENT QUANTITIES OF PSSCH AND PSCCH SYMBOLS Number of PSSCH symbols (position of the DMRS symbol available for a first PSSCH transmission) Number of PSCCH symbols being 2 Number of PSCCH symbols being 3 Number of DMRS symbols being 3 Number of DMRS symbols being 4 Number of DMRS symbols being 3 6 1, 5 1, 5 7 1, 5 1, 5 8 1, 5 1, 5 9 3, 8 1, 4, 7 4, 8 1, 4, 7 10 3, 8 1, 4, 7 4, 8 1, 4, 7 11 3, 10 1, 5, 9 1, 4, 7, 10 4, 10 1, 5, 9 1, 4, 7, 10 12 3, 10 1, 5, 9 1, 4, 7, 10 4, 10 1, 5, 9 1, 4, 7, 10 13 3, 10 1, 6, 11 1, 4, 7, 10 4, 10 1, 6, 11 1, 4, 7, 10

[00119] Figure 11 shows DMRS time-domain patterns that can be adopted by a PSSCH with a length of 13 symbols. When the number of PSSCH symbols is 13, if a GP symbol is added, all 14 symbols in a slot Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 34 / 591 27 / 239 can be used for side-link transmission. In the frequency domain, in any PRB on a symbol that includes a DMRS, there is a subcarrier carrying a DMRS every two subcarriers. For example, in a PRB, a DMRS of a PSSCH is located on subcarriers {n° 0, n° 2, n° 4, n° 6, n° 8, n° 10} in the PRB. [0012 0] In the time domain, a DMRS of a PSCCH is on all symbols occupied by the PSCCH. In the frequency domain, a PRB includes three subcarriers to carry the DMRS of the PSCCH. For example, the DMRS of the PSCCH is located on subcarriers {n° 1, n° 5, n° 9} of a PRB, as shown in Figure 12. PSBCH AND DMRS STRUCTURE OF PSBCH

[00121] An S-SSB in a side-link communications system (such as NR SL) includes a side-link synchronization signal and a PSBCH, and the side-link synchronization signal is divided into a primary side-link synchronization signal (primary side-link synchronization signal, S-PSS) and a secondary side-link synchronization signal (secondary side-link synchronization signal, S-SSS). The S-SSB may also be referred to as an S-SS / PSBCH block.

[00122] In the time domain, S-PSS occupies the 2nd and 3rd symbols in a slot. S-SSS occupies the 4th and 5th symbols in a slot. A final symbol in a slot is a GP (or guard symbol), and a remaining symbol is used to transmit a PSBCH. S-PSS and S-SSS are continuous in the time domain, so a channel estimation result obtained based on S-PSS can be applied to S-SSS detection, which is beneficial for improving S-SSS detection performance. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 35 / 591 28 / 239

[00123] In the frequency domain, a PSBCH occupies 11 consecutive PRBs, that is, 132 subcarriers (each PRB includes 12 subcarriers). The length of the S-PSS and S-SSS is 127 and therefore, in the symbols where the S-PSS and S-SSS are located, subcarriers #0, #1, #129, #130 and #131 are defined as zero, as shown in Figure 13.

[00124] A DMRS PSBCH is included in each symbol occupied by the PSBCH and is mapped to subcarrier #0, subcarrier #4, and subcarrier #8 in each RB occupied by the PSBCH. MULTIPLE BEAM SYSTEM

[00125] A design objective of a communications system (e.g., an NR system) includes high-bandwidth communication with a high-frequency band (e.g., a frequency band above 6 GHz). As an operating frequency increases, path loss in the transmission process increases, affecting the coverage capacity of a high-frequency system. Therefore, to effectively ensure coverage of a high-frequency band, an effective technical solution is to form a higher-gain beam based on massively multi-input multiple-output (MMO) to overcome propagation loss and ensure the coverage of a communications system.

[00126] Currently, a common large-scale antenna array is a millimeter-wave antenna array. Because the wavelength emitted by the millimeter-wave antenna array is relatively short, the spacing between the antenna elements of the array can be Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 36 / 591 29 / 239 is relatively short, and the aperture of an antenna element can be relatively small, so more physical antenna elements can be integrated into a two-dimensional antenna array with a limited size.

[00127] Furthermore, since the size of the millimeter wave antenna array is limited, a digital beamforming method cannot be used due to factors such as hardware complexity, costs, and power consumption. Instead, an analog beamforming method is usually used. The analog beamforming mode can reduce the implementation complexity of a device while improving network coverage.

[00128] To facilitate understanding of a multi-beam system, with reference to Figures 14 and 15, the following describes a beam-based communication process in an example scenario where a network device communicates with a terminal device.

[00129] With reference to Figure 14, in a conventional communications system (e.g., a 2G, 3G, or 4G system), a relatively wide 1010 beam is generally used to cover an entire cell (or referred to as a “sector”). In this way, terminal devices (e.g., terminal devices 1 to 5) in the cell can communicate with a network device using this relatively wide beam at any given time, for example, to obtain a transmission resource allocated by the network device.

[00130] With reference to Figure 15, in a relatively new communications system (e.g., a 5G system or an NR system), a multi-beam (multi-beam) system 1510 can be used to cover an entire cell. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 37 / 591 30 / 239 Each beam (e.g., beams 1511 to 1514) in the multibeam system covers a relatively small swath in the cell, and an effect of covering the entire cell using a plurality of beams is achieved in a beam-scanning manner.

[00131] In a beam scanning process, different beams are used at different times to cover different areas in the cell. For example, at time 1, the communications system can cover, using beam 1511, an area where terminal device 1 is located. At time 2, the communications system can cover, using beam 1512, an area where terminal device 2 is located. At time 3, the communications system can cover, using beam 1513, an area where terminal device 3 and terminal device 4 are located. At time 4, the communications system can cover, using beam 1514, an area where terminal device 5 is located.

[00132] For the multibeam system, the transmitted energy can be more concentrated because a relatively narrow beam is used, thus covering an additional distance. However, since the beam is relatively narrow, each beam can only cover a few areas in the cell. Therefore, a beam scanning process of the multibeam system can be understood as “trading time for space”.

[00133] Analog beamforming can be used not only for a network device, but also for a terminal device. Furthermore, analog beamforming can be used not only for signal transmission. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 38 / 591 31 / 239 (called the transmission beam), but also for receiving signals (called the reception beam).

[00134] Currently, different beams are identified using different signals carried on the beams. For example, different SSBs can be transmitted on different beams, so the terminal device can distinguish different beams using different synchronization signal blocks. As another example, different CSI-RSs can be transmitted on different beams, so the terminal device can identify different beams using a channel state information reference signal (Channel State Information Reference Signal, CSI-RS) and / or a CSI-RS feature.

[00135] In a multi-beam system, a physical downlink control channel (physical downlink control channel, PDCCH) and a shared physical downlink channel (physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH) can be transmitted using different downlink transmission beams.

[00136] For some communication systems (such as a communication system whose carrier frequency is below 6 GHz), a terminal device generally does not use any analog beam. In such communication systems, the terminal device can receive signals transmitted by different downlink transmission beams from the network device using an omnidirectional antenna (or a near-omnidirectional antenna).

[00137] For some communication systems (such as a millimeter wave system), a terminal device may use an analog beam. In such communication systems, Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 39 / 591 32 / 239 The terminal device may receive a signal transmitted by a downlink transmission beam corresponding to a downlink reception beam. In this case, beam indication information (beam indication) may be used to help the terminal device determine one or more of the following: information relating to a transmission beam from a network device or information relating to a reception beam corresponding to the terminal device.

[00138] In some communication protocols (such as NR-related protocols), beam indication information does not directly indicate a beam itself, but indicates the beam through a quasi-co-localized (quasi-co-localized, QCL) relationship between the signals. On the terminal device side, the reception of a corresponding channel or corresponding signal is also determined based on the QCL assumption.

[00139] The transmission beam mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a space-domain transmission filter (space-domain transmission filter), a space-domain transmission filter at the transmission end, a space-domain transmission filter for transmission, or another name. Similarly, the reception beam mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a space-domain reception filter (space-domain reception filter), a space-domain transmission filter at the receiver side, a space-domain transmission filter for reception, or another name. Alternatively, the transmission beam mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a transmission parameter in the spatial domain (parameter of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 40 / 591 33 / 239 transmission in the spatial domain). Thus, the reception beam mentioned in the modalities of this application can also be referred to as a reception parameter in the spatial domain (reception parameter in the spatial domain). INDICATION / HYPOTHESIS OF QCL IN DOWNLINK TRANSMISSION

[00140] By performing signal reception, a terminal device can improve a reception algorithm using a characteristic of a transmission environment corresponding to data transmission, to improve reception performance. For example, the terminal device can optimize the design and a parameter of a channel estimator using statistical characteristics of a channel. In some communication systems (such as an NR system), a characteristic of a transmission environment corresponding to data transmission can be represented by QCL information (QCL-Info).

[00141] When downlink data transmission is performed using different transmit and receive points (transmit and receive point, TRP) / panels / beams, the characteristics of the transmission environment corresponding to the data transmission may also change. Therefore, in some communication systems (such as an NR system), when it is necessary to transmit a downlink control channel or a downlink data channel, a network device may indicate the QCL information corresponding to a terminal device using a TCI state.

[00142] A transmission configuration indicator state (transmission configuration indicator, TCI) Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 41 / 591 34 / 239 may include the following configuration information: a TCI state identity (identity, ID), QCL 1 information, and QCL 2 information (optional). The TCI state ID can be used to identify a TCI state.

[00143] QCL information may include the following information: QCL type configuration and QCL reference signal configuration. The QCL type configuration may be one of the following types: QCL-TypeA, QCL-TypeB, QCL-TypeC, or QCL-TypeD. The QCL reference signal configuration may include a cell identity (cell ID) in which a reference signal is located, a bandwidth portion (bandwidth portion, BWP), and a reference signal identity (for example, it may be a CSI-RS resource identifier or an SSB index).

[00144] If both QCL 1 and QCL 2 information are configured, the QCL type of at least one of the QCL 1 and QCL 2 information must be one of the QCL-TypeA, QCL-TypeB, and QCL-TypeC types, and the QCL type of the other QCL information must be of type QCL D.

[00145] Different QCL type configurations are defined as follows:

[00146] QCL Type A (QCL-TypeA): {Doppler Shift (Doppler Shift), Doppler Spread (Doppler Spread), Average Delay (average delay), Delay Spread (delay spread)};

[00147] QCL Type B (QCL-TypeB): {Doppler shift, Doppler scatter};

[00148] QCL Type C (QCL-TypeC): {Doppler shift, mean delay}; and

[00149] QCL type D (QCL-TypeD): {parameter of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 42 / 591 35 / 239 reception of the spatial domain}.

[00150] In an NR system, a network device can indicate a corresponding TCI state for a downlink signal or a downlink channel. If the network device configures, using the TCI state, a QCL reference signal of a target downlink channel or a target downlink signal as an SSB or a CSI-RS, and the QCL type configuration is QCL-TypeA, QCL-TypeB, or QCL-TypeC, it can be assumed that a terminal device considers a large-scale parameter of the target downlink signal to be the same as a large-scale parameter of the SSB or CSI-RS. The specific content of the large-scale parameter can be determined based on the QCL type configuration.

[00151] Similarly, if the network device configures, using the TCI state, the QCL reference signal of the target downlink channel or target downlink signal as an SSB or a CSI-RS, and the QCL type is configured as QCL-Type D, the terminal device can receive the target downlink signal using the same receive beam (i.e., the same spatial domain receive parameter (spatial Rx parameter)) as that used to receive the SSB or CSI-RS. Generally, on the network device side, the target downlink channel (or the target downlink signal) and a referenced SSB or CSI-RS are transmitted over the same TRP / panel / beam. If different TRPs / panels / beams are used to transmit two downlink signals (or downlink channels), different TCI states are typically configured for the two downlink signals (or Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 43 / 591 36 / 239 downlink channels).

[00152] For a downlink control channel, a TCI state of a control resource set (control resource set, CORESET) corresponding to the downlink control channel can be indicated using RRC signaling or RRC signaling plus medium access control signaling (medium access control, MAC).

[00153] For a downlink data channel (i.e., a PDSCH), referring to Figure 16, a set of TCI states available for the downlink data channel can be indicated using RRC signaling, some of the TCI states are activated using MAC layer signaling, and finally, one or two TCI states in the activated TCI states are indicated using a TCI state indicator field in DCI and are used for a downlink data channel programmed by DCI. NEW FREQUENCY BAND (HIGH FREQUENCY) FOR COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM

[00154] Research into some communication systems (such as an NR system) currently considers primarily the following two frequency bands: frequency band 1 (frequency band 1, FR1) and frequency band 2 (frequency band 2, FR2). Frequency bands included in FR1 and FR2 are shown in Table 2 below. TABLE 2: DEFINITION OF FREQUENCY BANDS CORRESPONDING TO FR1 AND FR2 Frequency band definition: Corresponding frequency range FR1 410 MHz - 7.125 GHz Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 44 / 591 37 / 239 FR2 24.25 GHz - 52.6 GHz

[00155] With the evolution of communication systems (such as an NR system), technologies in a new frequency band (commonly called high frequency) have also begun to be studied. A frequency in the new frequency band mentioned in this document may be higher than FR1 and FR2, for example, it may include the frequency range shown in Table 3 below. TABLE 3: A POSSIBLE DEFINITION OF A NEW FREQUENCY BAND Frequency band definition: Corresponding frequency range FRX 52.6 GHz - 71 GHz

[00156] FRX used in this document denotes the new frequency band, which is used only to distinguish it from FR1 and FR2, and is not intended to limit the name of the new frequency band. For example, FRX may also be referred to as FR3. As another example, FR2 in Table 2 above may be recorded as FR2-1, and FRX in Table 3 may be recorded as FR2-2. Certainly, in addition to the two ways listed above, another way may be used to identify the new frequency band, which is not specifically limited in this application.

[00157] The FRX frequency band may include both licensed and unlicensed spectrum. In other words, the FRX frequency band may include both shared and non-shared spectrum. The unlicensed spectrum mentioned in this document is generally spectrum allocated by a country or region and used Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 45 / 591 38 / 239 for radio device communication, and unlicensed spectrum is generally considered a spectrum shared by communication devices in different communication systems, i.e., communication devices in different communication systems may be authorized to use the spectrum provided that a regulatory requirement defined by the country or region in the spectrum is met, without requesting a dedicated spectrum grant from a government. In order to allow communication systems that perform wireless communication using unlicensed spectrum to coexist in that spectrum, some countries or regions stipulate regulatory requirements that must be met when using unlicensed spectrum.For example, a communication device follows a listen-before-speak (LBT) rule, meaning that before transmitting a signal on an unlicensed spectrum channel, the communication device must first listen to the channel, and the communication device can only transmit the signal when the result of the channel listening is that the channel is idle. If the result of the channel listening performed by the communication device on the unlicensed spectrum channel indicates that the channel is busy, the communication device cannot transmit a signal. As another example, to ensure fairness, at any given time, the duration for which the communication device transmits a signal using an unlicensed spectrum channel cannot exceed a specific time period.As another example, to prevent the excessively high power of a signal transmitted on an unlicensed spectrum channel from affecting the transmission of another important signal on that channel, the device... Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 46 / 591 39 / 239 communication must comply with the restriction of not exceeding the maximum power spectral density when transmitting a signal using an unlicensed spectrum channel.

[00158] A subcarrier spacing for the FRX frequency band may be larger than that of FR2. Currently, candidate subcarrier spacings for the FRX frequency band may include one or more of the following: 120 kHz, 240 kHz, 480 kHz, 960 kHz, 1.92 MHz, or 3.84 MHz. In an example where the subcarrier spacings are 120 kHz, 480 kHz, and 960 kHz, a numerology (numerology) corresponding to the aforementioned candidate subcarrier spacings is shown in Table 4 below. TABLE 4: NUMEROLOGY CORRESPONDING TO SPACING CANDIDATE SUBPORTER Subcarrier spacing Symbol length Normal cyclic prefix length (normal cyclic prefix, NCP) Extended cyclic prefix length (extended cyclic prefix, ECP) ​​Sum of a symbol and an NCP length Slot length 120 kHz 8.32 μs 0.586 μs 2.08 μs 8.906 μs 125 μs 480 kHz 2.08 μs 0.146 μs 0.52 μs 2.226 μs 31.25 μs 960 kHz 1.04 μs 0.073 μs 0.26 μs 1.113 μs 15.625 μs

[00159] To improve the transmission rate of a side-link communications system, the introduction of a new frequency band into the side-link communications system may be considered. The new frequency band may Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 47 / 591 40 / 239 refers to a millimeter wave frequency band. Alternatively, the new frequency band may refer to a frequency band with a frequency higher than 52.6 GHz, such as the FRX (or FR2-2) frequency band mentioned above, with a frequency range varying from 52.6 GHz to 71 GHz.

[00160] Different subcarrier spacings can be supported in different frequency ranges. For example, FR1 can support subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, and 60 kHz. FR2-1 can support subcarrier spacings of 60 kHz and 120 kHz. FRX can support subcarrier spacings of 120 kHz and above; for example, FRX can support subcarrier spacings of 120 kHz, 480 kHz, and 960 kHz.

[00161] A related technology defines slot structures corresponding to the following subcarrier spacings: 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, and 120 kHz. However, when the subcarrier spacing is greater than 120 kHz, for example, when the subcarrier spacing reaches 480 kHz or 960 kHz, it has not yet been discussed how the slot structure of the side-link communication system should be designed.

[00162] In view of the problems mentioned, a possible design solution for a slot structure is to continue using the slot structures shown in Figures 9A and 9B. However, further study will reveal that if the slot structures shown in Figures 9A and 9B continue to be used, a communication process will be difficult to implement. A specific reason is discussed as follows.

[00163] As shown in Figures 9A or 9B, in Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 48 / 591 41 / 239 a slot used for side link communication, the first symbol is usually an AGC symbol, which is used for a receiving device to perform AGC adjustment or AGC training; the last symbol is used as GP, which is usually used for RX / TX switching or TX / RX switching of a terminal device. When the subcarrier spacing is different, the duration of a symbol is also different. For example, when the subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz, the duration corresponding to a symbol is approximately 66.7 ps. If the duration of 4.69 μs corresponding to the cyclic prefix (cyclic prefix, CP) is added, when the subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz, the total duration of a symbol varies approximately from 71 ps to 72 ps. For example, when the subcarrier spacing is 120 kHz, the total duration of a symbol (a sum of the symbol and a CP length) varies approximately from 8 ps to 9 ps.Therefore, when the subcarrier spacing is 120 kHz, the AGC adjustment time does not exceed 8 ps to 9 ps, and the RX / TX or TX / RX switching time of the terminal device is about 7 ps.

[00164] The duration corresponding to a switching time in FR1 and FR2 (which may include FR2-1 and FR2-2 mentioned above) can be determined based on Table 5 below. TABLE 5: RX / TX SWITCHING TIME AND TIME OF TX / RX SWITCHING First frequency band (FR1) Second frequency band (FR2) TX / RX switching time 25600 13792 RX / TX switching time 25600 13792 Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 49 / 591 42 / 239

[00165] The numerical values ​​in Table 5 represent a quantity of time units (time unit). The duration corresponding to one time unit Tc can be determined by the following formula: Tc= l / ÍAf^-Nf), where A / max= 480 · 103Hz and Nf= 4096.

[00166] When the subcarrier spacing is greater than 120 kHz, the duration corresponding to a symbol will continue to decrease. For example, when the side-link system subcarrier spacing is 480 kHz, the duration of a symbol varies approximately from 2 μs to 3 μs (as shown in Table 4); when the side-link system subcarrier spacing is 960 kHz, the duration of a symbol is approximately 1 μs (as shown in Table 4). It can be seen that as the frequency increases, the duration corresponding to a symbol can become very short, making it difficult for the terminal device to complete AGC adjustment, RX / TX switching, or TX / RX switching in such a short time. Therefore, more symbols are needed for AGC adjustment and RX / TX switching (or TX / RX switching).However, if a plurality of symbols is used for AGC or used as GPs, the number of symbols used for side-link data transmission becomes relatively small, thus greatly reducing the transmission efficiency of a communications system.

[00167] In view of the aforementioned problem, one embodiment of this request provides a time unit available for side-link transmission (see Embodiment 1 for details). The time unit may include a plurality of slots, so that a problem caused by short duration is resolved. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 50 / 591 43 / 239 corresponding to a symbol can be resolved to a certain extent. To facilitate description, the following introduces primarily from the perspective of a first time unit. The first time unit can be any time unit used for side-link communication. As shown in Figures 17, based on the introduction of the first time unit, a first terminal device can perform side-link communication (such as side-link transmission or side-link reception, see step S1710 in Figure 17) in the first time unit.A side-link communication process may involve the transmission of one or more PSSCH, PSCCH, or PSFCH, so one embodiment of this application further proposes how to perform PSSCH transmission based on a time unit (see Emphasis 2 for details) and how to determine a transport block size (transport block size, TBS) (see Emphasis 3 for details), how to perform side-link feedback based on a time unit (see Emphasis 4 for details), and how to determine a transmission feature. PSFCH and PSFCH configuration information (see Mode 5 for details) and how to determine a DMRS pattern based on a time unit (see Mode 6 for details). It should be understood that, in the absence of conflict, the implementations provided in the modes can be arbitrarily combined with each other. MODE 1: A FIRST UNIT OF TIME INCLUDING CONSECUTIVE M SLOTS

[00168] The first time unit may include M consecutive slots (M is a positive integer greater than 1) The first unit of time can also be understood as Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 51 / 591 44 / 239 a slot structure based on multiple slots. In some implementations, the first time unit may be called an aggregate slot, slot aggregation, super slot, slot group, or multiple slots.

[00169] In some implementations, a value of M may be determined based on one or more of the following: predefined protocol information; feature set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or it may be a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00170] In some implementations, the M slots included in the first time unit are M consecutive physical slots. The physical slot is relative to a logical slot. Generally, a slot belonging to a set of resources is called a logical slot, and 10240 · 2^SL slots included in a system frame number (SFN) period (including 10240 ms) are called physical slots, where ^SL is a parameter related to the side-link subcarrier spacing, and a gSL value can be determined based on Table 6. TABLE 6 ^SL Subcarrier spacing Af = 2μ-15 [kHz] 0 15 1 30 2 60 3 120 Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 52 / 591 45 / 239 5,480 6,960

[00171] Consecutive slots in a resource set may not be consecutive physical slots. If M consecutive slots are defined as M consecutive slots in a resource grouping, a slot belonging to another resource grouping may be included in the M slots. Thus, when a terminal device uses the M slots for transmission, reception may be required in the slot belonging to another resource set, resulting in additional GP overhead for RX / TX switching. Therefore, defining the M slots as M consecutive physical slots can reduce GP overhead caused by RX / TX switching.

[00172] In some implementations, the M slots included in the first time unit are consecutive slots available for side-link transmission (a slot in a resource set is determined from the slots available for side-link transmission).

[00173] In some implementations, the first time unit may include a PSCCH transmission feature and a PSSCH transmission feature. Alternatively, the first time unit may include a PSCCH transmission feature, a PSSCH transmission feature, and a PSFCH transmission feature. The following describes symbol usages in a first time unit with reference to Figures 18 and 19 using examples. In the first time units shown in Figures 18 and 19, the 1st symbol used to transmit a PSCCH or a PSSCH is the (A+1)th symbol in the first time unit, i.e., the first A symbols in Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 53 / 591 46 / 239 first time unit are AGC symbols, which can be used for AGC adjustment or AGC training, and the last B1 symbols in the first time unit are guard symbols or GP symbols.

[00174] Figure 18A shows an example of a first-time unit. In Figure 18A, the first-time unit includes two slots (one slot n and one slot n+1 in Figure 18A), i.e., M = 2. In the two slots, the first four symbols are used for AGC and the last four symbols are used as GPs. The first-time unit using the slot structure shown in Figure 18A may be applicable, for example, to a case where the side-link subcarrier spacing is 480 kHz.

[00175] Figure 18B shows another example of a first-time unit. In Figure 18B, the first time unit includes two slots (one slot n and one slot n+1 in Figure 18B), i.e., M = 2. In both intervals, the first eight symbols are used for AGC and the last eight symbols are used as GPs. The first time unit using the slot structure shown in Figure 18B may be applicable, for example, to a case where the side-link subcarrier spacing is 480 kHz or 960 kHz.

[00176] Figure 18C shows yet another example of a first-time unit. In Figure 18C, the first time unit includes two slots (one slot n and one slot n+1 in Figure 18C), i.e., M = 2. In the two slots, the first four symbols are used for AGC and the last four symbols are used as GPs. The first time unit also includes a PSFCH transmission feature. The PSFCH transmission feature occupies five symbols, one of which is used for Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 54 / 591 47 / 239 transmit side-link feedback information (e.g., Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) information) or conflict indication information, and the remaining four symbols are used for AGC. Additionally, four symbols used as GPs located before a symbol corresponding to the PSFCH transmission feature are also included. The first time unit using the slot structure shown in Figure 18C may be applicable, for example, to a case where the side-link subcarrier spacing is 480 kHz.

[00177] Figure 18D shows yet another example of a first-time unit. In Figure 18D, the first time unit includes two slots (one slot n and one slot n+1 in Figure 18D), i.e., M = 2. In the two slots, the first four symbols are used for AGC and the last four symbols are used as GPs. The first time unit also includes a PSFCH transmission feature. The PSFCH transmission feature occupies six symbols, two of which are used to transmit side-link feedback information (such as HARQ information) or conflict indication information, and the remaining four symbols are used for AGC. In addition, four symbols used as GPs located before a symbol corresponding to the PSFCH transmission feature are also included.The first time unit using the slot structure shown in Figure 18D may be applicable, for example, to a case where the side-link subcarrier spacing is 480 kHz.

[00178] Figure 19A shows yet another example of a first-time unit. In Figure 19A, the first unit Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 55 / 591 The 48 / 239 time unit includes four slots (namely, an n slot, an n+1 slot, an n+2 slot, and an n+3 slot in Figure 19A), i.e., M = 4. In the four intervals, the first four symbols are used for AGC and the last four symbols are used as GPs. The first time unit using the slot structure shown in Figure 19A may be applicable, for example, to a case where the side-link subcarrier spacing is 480 kHz.

[00179] Figure 19B shows yet another example of a first-time unit. In Figure 19B, the first time unit includes four slots (namely, an n slot, an n+1 slot, an n+2 slot, and an n+3 slot in Figure 19A), i.e., M = 4. In the four intervals, the first eight symbols are used for AGC and the last eight symbols are used as GPs. The first time unit using the slot structure shown in Figure 19B may be applicable, for example, to a case where the side-link subcarrier spacing is 480 kHz or 960 kHz.

[00180] Figure 19C shows yet another example of a first-time unit. In Figure 19C, the first time unit includes four slots (namely, an n slot, an n+1 slot, an n+2 slot, and an n+3 slot in Figure 19C), i.e., M = 4. In the four slots, the first four symbols are used for AGC and the last four symbols are used as GPs. The first time unit includes a PSFCH transmission feature. The PSFCH transmission feature occupies five symbols, one of which is used to transmit side link feedback information (such as HARQ information) or conflict indication information, and the remaining four symbols are used for AGC. In addition, four symbols Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 56 / 591 49 / 239 used as GPs located before a symbol corresponding to the PSFCH transmission feature are still included. The first time unit using the slot structure shown in Figure 19C may be applicable, for example, to a case where the side link subcarrier spacing is 480 kHz.

[00181] Figure 19D shows yet another example of a first-time unit. In Figure 19D, the first time unit includes four slots (namely, an n slot, an n+1 slot, an n+2 slot, and an n+3 slot in Figure 19D), i.e., M = 4. In the four slots, the first eight symbols are used for AGC and the last eight symbols are used as GPs. The first time unit includes a PSFCH transmission feature. The PSFCH transmission feature occupies nine symbols, one symbol of which is used to transmit side-link feedback information (such as HARQ information) or conflict indication information, and the remaining eight symbols are used for AGC. In addition, eight symbols used as GPs located before a symbol corresponding to the PSFCH transmission feature are also included.The first time unit using the slot structure shown in Figure 19D may be applicable, for example, to a case where the side-link subcarrier spacing is 480 kHz or 960 kHz.

[00182] Figure 19E shows yet another example of a first-time unit. In Figure 19E, the first time unit includes four slots (namely, an n slot, an n+1 slot, an n+2 slot, and an n+3 slot in Figure 19E), i.e., M = 4. In the four intervals, the first four symbols are used for AGC and the last four symbols are used as GPs. A Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 57 / 591 The first time unit (50 / 239) includes a PSFCH transmission feature. The PSFCH transmission feature occupies eight symbols, four of which are used to transmit side-link feedback information (such as HARQ information) or conflict indication information, and the remaining four symbols are used for AGC. Additionally, four symbols used as GPs located before a symbol corresponding to the PSFCH transmission feature are also included. The first time unit using the slot structure shown in Figure 19E may be applicable, for example, to a case where the side-link subcarrier spacing is 480 kHz. Figure 19E can be understood as a time unit structure including a plurality of slots obtained by proportional expansion (fourfold expansion) of a single-slot structure corresponding to a subcarrier spacing of 120 kHz.

[00183] Figure 19F shows yet another example of a first-time unit. In Figure 19F, the first time unit includes 8 slots (one slot in n and one slot n+7 in Figure 19F), i.e., M = 8. In the eight slots, the first eight symbols are used for AGC and the last eight symbols are used as GPs. The first time unit includes a PSFCH transmission feature. The PSFCH transmission feature occupies 16 symbols, eight of which are used to transmit side-link feedback information (such as HARQ information), and the remaining eight symbols are used for AGC. In addition, eight symbols used as GPs located before a symbol corresponding to the PSFCH transmission feature are also included. The first time unit using the slot structure shown in Figure 19F can be Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, pages 58 / 591 51 / 239 applicable, for example, to a case where the side-link subcarrier spacing is 480 kHz or 960 kHz. Figure 19F can be understood as a time-unit structure including a plurality of slots obtained by proportional expansion (8 times the expansion) of a single-slot structure corresponding to a subcarrier spacing of 120 kHz. MODALITY 1.1: A GUARD SYMBOL IN A FIRST UNIT OF TIME

[00184] The guard symbol may also be referred to as a symbol used as a GP. In some implementations, the guard symbol may be used by a terminal device to perform RX / TX or TX / RX switching. In some implementations, no data may be mapped to the guard symbol.

[00185] In some implementations, the first time unit may include a first guard symbol. The first guard symbol includes consecutive B1 symbols, and the B1 symbols are the last B1 symbols of the first time unit, where B1 is a positive integer greater than 1.

[00186] In some implementations, a first time unit may include a first guard symbol. The first guard symbol includes consecutive B1 symbols, and the B1 symbols are the last B1 symbols of the first time unit available for side-link transmission, where B1 is a positive integer greater than 1.

[00187] In some implementations, the first guard symbol is located in the last slot of the first time unit.

[00188] In some implementations, if the first Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, pp. 59 / 591 52 / 239 time unit including a first time domain feature to transmit a PSFCH, the first time unit may include a second guard symbol. The second guard symbol includes consecutive B2 symbols, where B2 is a positive integer greater than 1. The B2 symbols in the second guard symbol may be located before the first time domain feature. The B2 symbols may be adjacent to the first time domain feature, i.e., the last symbol of the B2 symbols and the first symbol of the first time domain feature are adjacent symbols in the first time unit.

[00189] In some implementations, the second guard symbol is located in the last slot and / or the penultimate slot of the first time unit.

[00190] In some implementations, B1 and B2 have the same value. For example, B1 and B2 are both equal to B, and B is a positive integer greater than 1. In some other implementations, B1 and B2 have different values. For example, B1 is greater than B2 or B2 is greater than B1.

[00191] A method for determining a value of B is described in detail below. It should be understood that the method for determining the value of B may be applicable to B1 mentioned above, and may also be applicable to B2 mentioned above.

[00192] In some implementations, a value of B is equal to 4. Furthermore, in some implementations, if the value of B is equal to 4, a side-link subcarrier spacing corresponding to the first time unit is 480 kHz. For example, in time unit examples shown in Figures 18A, 18C, 18D, 19A, 19C, and 19E, the value of B is 4. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 60 / 591 53 / 239

[00193] In some implementations, the value of B is equal to 8. Furthermore, in some implementations, if a value of B is equal to 8, a side-link subcarrier spacing corresponding to the first time unit is 480 kHz or 960 kHz. For example, in time unit examples shown in Figures 18B, 19B, 19D, and 19F, the value of B is 8.

[00194] In some implementations, the value of B is determined based on one or more of the following information: predefined protocol information; feature set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00195] In some implementations, the value of B can be determined based on the first indication information. The first indication information can be used to indicate one or more of the following: the value of B; a position in the time domain of the symbol available for side-link transmission in a slot or time unit (the time unit mentioned in the embodiments of this application may refer to a time unit including M consecutive slots or to a time unit including M consecutive slots available for side-link transmission, which will not be repeated below); a symbol length or a quantity of symbols available for side-link transmission in a time unit; or a quantity of slots included in a time unit.

[00196] As an example, the first information of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 61 / 591 The 54 / 239 indication can be used to directly indicate the value of B. Alternatively, the value of B can be determined based on a value indicated by the first indication information.

[00197] In another example, the first indication information may include information 1 and information 2. Information 1 indicates a position in the time domain of the first symbol available for side-link transmission in a slot or a time unit. Information 2 indicates a symbol length or a quantity of symbols available for side-link transmission in a time unit. The value of B can be determined based on information 1 and information 2. For example, information 1 indicates that the position in the time domain of the first symbol available for side-link transmission in a time unit is symbol 0; and information 2 indicates that the quantity of symbols available for side-link transmission in a time unit is 24. According to information 1 and information 2, it can be assumed that the first time unit includes two slots.In the case of normal CP, the first time unit includes 28 symbols, so the number of symbols used as GPs is 4, meaning the value of B is 4.

[00198] In another example, the first indication information may include information 3. Information 3 indicates a symbol length or a quantity of symbols available for side-link transmission in a unit of time. The value of B can be determined based on information 3. For example, information 3 indicates that the quantity of symbols available for side-link transmission in a unit of time is 24. The value indicated by Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 62 / 591 55 / 239 information 3 is greater than the number of symbols included in one slot and less than the number of symbols included in two slots. Therefore, it can be assumed that the first time unit includes two slots and both slots can be used for side-link transmission. In the case of normal CP, two slots include a total of 28 symbols, and thus the number of GP symbols is 4, i.e., the value of B is 4 (in this example, it is assumed that an initial symbol corresponding to a side-link transmission feature in the first time unit is the 1st symbol in the first time unit).

[00199] In another example, the first indication information may include information 4 and information 5. Information 4 indicates a symbol length or a quantity of symbols available for side-link transmission in a time unit. Information 5 indicates a quantity of slots included in a time unit. The value of B can be determined based on information 4 and information 5. For example, information 4 indicates that the quantity of symbols available for side-link transmission in a time unit is 24, and information 5 indicates that a time unit includes two slots. In the case of normal CP, two slots include a total of 28 symbols, and thus the quantity of GP symbols is 4, i.e., the value of B is 4 (in this example, it is assumed that an initial symbol corresponding to a side-link transmission resource in the first time unit is a 1st symbol in the first time unit).

[00200] In some implementations, the initial indication information may be included in the resource set configuration information or in the side-link BWP configuration information. Alternatively, the Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 63 / 591 56 / 239 initial indication information may be provided by a terminal device. The terminal device may be a data transmission endpoint of the side link or it may be a data reception endpoint of the side link.

[00201] In some implementations, the value of B can be determined based on the spacing of the first side-link subcarrier and the spacing of the second side-link subcarrier. The spacing of the first side-link subcarrier is different from the spacing of the second side-link subcarrier.

[00202] In some implementations, the spacing of the first side-link subcarrier may be greater than the spacing of the second side-link subcarrier.

[00203] In some implementations, the spacing of the first side-link subcarrier is a side-link subcarrier spacing corresponding to the first time unit.

[00204] In some implementations, the first subcarrier spacing is determined based on predefined information in the protocol, feature set configuration information, or side-link BWP configuration information. In an example where the first side-link subcarrier spacing is determined based on side-link BWP configuration information, the side-link BWP configuration information can be used to configure a BWP corresponding to the first time unit.

[00205] In some implementations, the second subcarrier spacing is determined based on the information Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 64 / 591 57 / 239 predefined in the protocol, feature set configuration information, or side-link BWP configuration information. Sometimes, second subcarrier spacing may also be called reference subcarrier spacing.

[00206] In some implementations, the spacing of the first side link subcarrier is 480 kHz or 960 kHz.

[00207] In some implementations, the second subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, or 120 kHz.

[00208] For example, the spacing of the first side-link subcarrier is denoted by gSL1, the spacing of the second side-link subcarrier is 2^SL1 denoted by gSL2 and B satisfies: B =2,ί5Λ... It is assumed that gSL1= 5 and 9SL2= 3, that is, the spacing of the first side-link subcarrier is a subcarrier spacing of 480 kHz, and the spacing of the second side-link subcarrier is a subcarrier spacing of 120 kHz. In this case, B = 4. It is assumed that gSL1 = 6 and gSL2 = 3, that is, the spacing of the first side-link subcarrier is a subcarrier spacing of 960 kHz, and the spacing of the second side-link subcarrier is a subcarrier spacing of 120 kHz. In this case, B = 8.

[00209] In some implementations, the first time unit may include two adjacent slots, and a third guard symbol is defined between the symbols used for side-link transmission in the two adjacent slots.

[00210] In some implementations, third parties Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 65 / 591 58 / 239 guard symbols include C symbols. C can be a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. For example, a value of C is 1 or 2. As another example, a value of C is less than or equal to the value of B mentioned above.

[00211] In some implementations, the third guard symbol corresponds to the last C symbols of a previous interval in the two intervals. In other words, the last C symbols of the previous slot in the two adjacent slots are used as guard symbols.

[00212] In some implementations, the third guard symbol corresponds to the first C symbols of a later interval in the two intervals. In other words, the first C symbols of the last slot of the two adjacent slots are used as guard symbols.

[00213] In some implementations, the value of C is determined based on one or more of the following: predefined protocol information; feature set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00214] In some implementations, if the first time unit is used to transmit a plurality of PSSCHs, and the plurality of PSSCHs correspond to different transport blocks (transport block, TB) (for a detailed description of transmitting a plurality of PSSCHs in one time unit, and the plurality of PSSCHs corresponding to different TBs, see Mode 2.3 below), Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 66 / 591 59 / 239 then the third guard symbol mentioned can be defined between adjacent slots in the first time unit. Since the plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to different TBs, the plurality of PSSCHs can be PSSCHs transmitted to different receiving devices and therefore the plurality of PSSCHs can correspond to different transmission beams. In this case, the transmitting end device needs to switch a transmission beam when transmitting a PSSCH, and a duration corresponding to the third guard symbol can be used by the transmitting end device to switch the transmission beam.

[00215] In some implementations, if the first time unit is used to transmit a plurality of PSSCHs, a fourth guard symbol is defined between the transmission resources of two adjacent PSSCHs in the plurality of PSSCHs.

[00216] In some implementations, the fourth guard symbols include D symbols, where D is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. For example, a value of D is 1 or 2. As another example, a value of D is less than or equal to the value of B mentioned above.

[00217] In some implementations, the fourth guard symbol corresponds to the last D symbols of a last slot in slots occupied by a previous PSSCH of two adjacent PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit. In other words, the last D symbols of the last slot in the slots occupied by the first PSSCH of the two adjacent PSSCHs are used as guard symbols. For details, see the example shown in Figure 31 below. In that example, two PSSCHs in a time unit are separated by a Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 67 / 591 60 / 239 guard symbol (i.e., D = 1).

[00218] In some implementations, the fourth guard symbol corresponds to the first D symbols of the 1st slot in slots occupied by the later PSSCH of two adjacent PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit. In other words, the first D symbols of the 1st slot in slots occupied by the last PSSCH of the two adjacent PSSCHs are used as guard symbols.

[00219] In some implementations, the value of D is determined based on one or more of the following: predefined protocol information; feature set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00220] In some implementations, if the first time unit is used to transmit a plurality of PSSCHs, and the plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to different TBs (for a detailed description of the transmission of a plurality of PSSCHs in one time unit, and the plurality of PSSCHs corresponding to different TBs, see Modality 2.3 below), then the fourth guard symbol mentioned can be set between adjacent slots in the first time unit. Since the plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to different TBs, the plurality of PSSCHs can be transmitted to different receiving devices and therefore the plurality of PSSCHs can correspond to different transmission beams. In this case, the device of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 68 / 591 The 61 / 239 transmission end needs to switch a transmission beam when transmitting a PSSCH, and a duration corresponding to the fourth guard symbol can be used by the transmission end device to switch the transmission beam.

[00221] In some implementations, if the first time unit is used to transmit a PSSCH (for a detailed description, see Mode 2.1 below), the third guard symbol may not be set between adjacent slots in the first time unit.

[00222] In some implementations, if the first time unit is used to transmit a plurality of PSSCHs, and the plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to the same TB (for detailed description, reference can be made to Modality 2.2 below), the third guard symbol may not be defined between adjacent slots in the first time unit; or the fourth guard symbol may not be defined between adjacent PSSCHs of the plurality of PSSCHs.

[00223] In some implementations, at least one slot in the M slots included in the first time unit does not include a guard symbol. In one implementation, a remaining slot, except the last slot in the M slots included in the first time unit, does not include a guard symbol.

[00224] For example, in Figure 18A and Figure 18B, the first time unit includes two slots, namely, slot n and slot n+1. Slot n+1 includes a guard symbol used as GP, and slot n does not include a guard symbol used as GP.

[00225] For example, in Figures 19A and 19B, the first time unit includes four slots, namely, one Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 69 / 591 62 / 239 slot n, one slot n+1, one slot n+2 and one slot n+3. Slot n+3 includes a guard symbol used as GP, and slots n, n+1 and n+2 do not include a guard symbol used as GP.

[00226] In some implementations, if the first time unit includes a time-domain feature to transmit a PSFCH, at least one of the last or second-to-last slots of the M slots includes a guard symbol. Additionally, in some implementations, one remaining slot, except the last and / or second-to-last slot of the M slots, does not include a guard symbol. MODALITY 1.2: A TIME-FREQUENCY RESOURCE OF A PSCCH IN A FIRST UNIT OF TIME

[00227] In some implementations, the first time unit includes a second time-domain feature for transmitting the PSCCH. An initial symbol of the second time-domain feature is the (A+1)th symbol of the first time unit, where A is a positive integer greater than 1.

[00228] In some implementations, a value of A is equal to 4. Furthermore, in some implementations, if the value of A is equal to 4, a side-link subcarrier spacing corresponding to the first time unit is 480 kHz. For example, in time unit examples shown in Figures 18A, 18C, 18D, 19A, 19C, and 19E, the value of A is 4.

[00229] In some implementations, the value of A is equal to 8. Furthermore, in some implementations, if the value of A is equal to 8, a side-link subcarrier spacing corresponding to the first time unit is 480 kHz or 960 kHz. For example, in time unit examples shown in Figures 18B, 19B, 19D, and 19F, the value of A is 8.

[00230] In some implementations, the value of A is Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 70 / 591 63 / 239 determined based on one or more of the following information: predefined protocol information; feature set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00231] In some implementations, the value of A is determined based on the second indication information. For example, the second indication information can be used to indicate one or more of the following: the value of A; a position in the time domain of the 1st symbol available to transmit a PSSCH in a time unit; a position in the time domain of the 1st symbol available to transmit a PSCCH in a time unit; a position in the time domain of the 1st symbol to map a PSSCH in a time unit; a position in the time domain of the 1st symbol to map a PSCCH in a time unit; a position in the time domain of the 1st symbol allocated to a PSSCH resource in a time unit; a position in the time domain of the 1st symbol allocated to a PSCCH resource in a time unit; or a position in the time domain of the 1st symbol available for side link transmission in a slot or in a time unit.

[00232] In one example, the second piece of information directly indicates the value of A. Alternatively, the value of A is determined based on a value indicated by the second piece of information.

[00233] In another example, the second piece of information indicates a position in the time domain of the 1st Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 71 / 591 64 / 239 symbol available to transmit a PSSCH or a PSCCH in a time unit. The value of A can be determined based on the second indication information. For example, the second indication information indicates that the position of the 1st symbol of the PSSCH is the 5th symbol in the first time unit, then the value of A is 4 (in this example, it is assumed that an initial symbol corresponding to a side link transmission resource in the first time unit is the 1st symbol of the first time unit).

[00234] In another example, the second indication information can indicate information 6 and information 7. Information 6 can be used to indicate a position in the time domain of the 1st symbol available to transmit a PSSCH or a PSCCH in a time unit. Information 7 can be used to indicate a position in the time domain of the 1st symbol available for side-link transmission in a slot or in a time unit. The value of A can be determined based on information 6 and information 7. For example, information 6 indicates that a position in the time domain of the 1st symbol available to transmit a PSSCH is symbol 6, and information 7 indicates that a position in the time domain of the 1st symbol available for side-link transmission in a slot is symbol 2. It can be determined based on information 6 and information 7 that the value of A is 4.

[00235] In some implementations, the second indication information may be included in the resource set configuration information or in the side-link BWP configuration information. Alternatively, the second indication information may be indication information from a terminal device. The terminal device Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 72 / 591 65 / 239 can be a data transmission endpoint of the side link or it can be a data reception endpoint of the side link.

[00236] In some implementations, the value of A is determined based on a third side-link subcarrier spacing and a fourth side-link subcarrier spacing. The third side-link subcarrier spacing is different from the fourth side-link subcarrier spacing.

[00237] In some implementations, the third side link subcarrier spacing may be larger than the fourth side link subcarrier spacing.

[00238] In some implementations, the third side-link subcarrier spacing is a side-link subcarrier spacing corresponding to the first time unit.

[00239] In some implementations, the subcarrier spacing of the third side link is determined based on the side link BWP configuration information, where the side link BWP configuration information is used to configure a BWP corresponding to the first time unit.

[00240] In some implementations, the third subcarrier spacing is determined based on predefined information in a protocol, feature set configuration information, or side-link BWP configuration information.

[00241] In some implementations, the third side link subcarrier spacing is 480 kHz or 960 kHz. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 73 / 591 66 / 239

[00242] In some implementations, the side link fourth subcarrier spacing is 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz, or 120kHz.

[00243] In some implementations, the third side link subcarrier spacing is equal to the first side link subcarrier spacing mentioned above; and / or the fourth side link subcarrier spacing is equal to the second side link subcarrier spacing mentioned above.

[00244] For example, the third subcarrier side-link spacing is denoted by gSL3, the fourth subcarrier side-link spacing is denoted by gSL4, and A satisfies: A = pppp. It is assumed that gSL3 = 5 and gSL4 = 3, that is, the third subcarrier side-link spacing is a 480 kHz subcarrier spacing, and the fourth subcarrier side-link spacing is a 120 kHz subcarrier spacing. In this case, A = 4. It is assumed that gSL3 = 6 and gSL4 = 3, that is, the third side-link subcarrier spacing is a 960 kHz subcarrier spacing, and the fourth side-link subcarrier spacing is a 120 kHz subcarrier spacing. In this case, A = 8.

[00245] In some implementations, the first A symbols of the first time unit (or the first A symbols of the first time unit that are available for side-link transmission) are used for AGC.

[00246] In some implementations, the data in the first A symbols of the first time unit (or the first A symbols of the first time unit that are Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 74 / 591 67 / 239 available for side link transmission) are duplicate data in a target symbol of the first time unit. The target symbol may include one or more symbols in the remaining symbols in the first time unit, except the first A symbols.

[00247] In some implementations, the target symbol is the (A+1)th symbol up to the 2Ath symbol of the first time unit. In other words, the data in the first A symbols of the first time unit are duplicate data of the data in the (A+1)th symbol up to the 2Ath symbol of the first time unit. For example, the data in the 1st symbol of the first time unit are duplicate data of the data in the (A+1)th symbol of the first time unit; the data in the 2nd symbol of the first time unit are duplicate data of the data in the (A+2)th symbol of the first time unit; and so on, the data in the Ath symbol of the first time unit are duplicate data of the data in the 2Ath symbol of the first time unit.

[00248] In some implementations, the target symbol is the (A+1)th symbol of the first time unit. In other words, the data in the first A symbols of the first time unit are duplicate data of the data in the (A+1)th symbol of the first time unit. It can be seen that, in this implementation, the first A symbols and the (A+1)th symbol of the first time unit transmit the same data.

[00249] In some implementations, the second-time domain feature includes P consecutive symbols. A value of P can be a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. The value of P, for example, could be 3.

[00250] In some implementations, the value of P is Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 75 / 591 68 / 239 determined based on one or more of the following: predefined protocol information; feature set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00251] In some implementations, in a case where a PSCCH is transmitted in the first time unit, the PSCCH may occupy Q PRBs in the frequency domain, where Q is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[00252] In some implementations, a Q value is determined based on one or more of the following: predefined protocol information; feature set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00253] In some implementations, PSCCH can be used to schedule a PSSCH, and the initial positions in the frequency domain of the Q PRBs can be the same as an initial position in the frequency domain of the PSSCH.

[00254] In some implementations, PSCCH can be used to schedule a PSSCH, and the Q PRBs are located on the 1st subchannel corresponding to a PSSCH transmission resource. MODALITY 1.3: A TIME-FREQUENCY RESOURCE OF A Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 76 / 591 69 / 239 PSSCH IN A FIRST UNIT OF TIME

[00255] In some implementations, the first time unit includes a third time-domain feature for transmitting PSSCH. An initial symbol of the third time-domain feature may be the (A+1)th symbol of the first time unit, where A is a positive integer greater than 1.

[00256] In some implementations, a first time unit includes a third time-domain resource for transmitting a PSSCH. An initial symbol of the third time-domain resource may be the (A+1)th symbol of the first time unit available for side-link transmission, where A is a positive integer greater than 1.

[00257] To determine a value for A, one can refer to the description of Mode 1.2, and the details are not described here again. Alternatively, in some modes, A in Mode 1.2 may be A1, A in Mode 1.3 may be A2, and A1 may be equal to or different from A2.

[00258] In some implementations, if the first time unit does not include a PSFCH transmission feature, a final symbol of the third time domain feature is a symbol preceding a symbol corresponding to a first guard symbol. For a related description of the first guard symbol, reference may be made to Mode 1.1 above, and the details are not described here again. For example, in Figure 18A, a time domain feature of a PSFCH includes the 5th symbol in slot n up to the fifth to last symbol in slot n+1. In Figure 18B, a time domain feature of a PSFCH includes the 9th symbol in slot n up to the 6th symbol (namely, the ninth to last) in a Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 77 / 591 70 / 239 slot n+1. In Figure 19A, a time-domain feature of a PSSCH includes the 5th symbol in slot n up to the fifth to last symbol in slot n+3. In Figure 19B, a time-domain feature of a PSSCH includes the 9th symbol in slot n up to the 6th symbol (namely, the ninth to last symbol) in slot n+3.

[00259] In some implementations, a final symbol of the third timedomain resource is the last symbol in the first time unit available to transmit a PSSCH.

[00260] In some implementations, if the first time unit comprises a PSSCH transmission feature, a final symbol of the third time domain feature is a symbol preceding a symbol corresponding to a second guard symbol. For a related description of the second guard symbol, reference may be made to Mode 1.1 above, and the details are not described here again. For example, in Figure 18C, a PSSCH time domain feature includes the 5th symbol in slot n to the 1st symbol in slot n+1. In Figure 19C, a PSSCH time domain feature includes the 5th symbol of slot n to the 1st symbol of slot n+3. In Figure 19D, a PSSCH time domain feature includes the 9th symbol of slot n to the 3rd symbol of slot n+2. MODALITY 1.4: A TIME-FREQUENCY RESOURCE OF A PSFCH IN A FIRST UNIT OF TIME

[00261] In some implementations, the first time unit includes a fourth timedomain feature for transmitting PSFCH. The fourth timedomain feature may include K symbols, where K is a positive integer greater than 1. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 78 / 591 71 / 239

[00262] In some implementations, the K symbols are K symbols located before the first guard symbol mentioned above and adjacent to the first guard symbol (i.e., the last symbol of the K symbols is a symbol preceding the first guard symbol).

[00263] In some implementations, a value of K is determined based on one or more of the following: predefined protocol information; feature set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or it may be a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00264] In some implementations, the fourth time domain feature is located in the first H slots or the last H slots of the first time unit, where H is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. A value of H, for example, can be 1 or 2. For example, when the value of A or B mentioned above is 4, the value of H can be 1. As another example, when the value of A or B mentioned above is 8, the value of H can be 2.

[00265] In some implementations, the value of H is determined based on one or more of the following: predefined protocol information; feature set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or it may be a side-link data reception endpoint. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 79 / 591 72 / 239 side link.

[00266] In some implementations, the fourth time domain feature is located in the 1st slot of the first time unit.

[00267] In some implementations, the fourth time domain feature is located in the last slot of the first time unit (hereinafter, this implementation is mainly used as an example for explanation, but the modalities of this application are not limited to this).

[00268] In some implementations, the K symbols occupied by the fourth time-domain feature include K1 symbols and K2 symbols. K1 and K2 are positive integers, and K is equal to the sum of K1 and K2. The K2 symbols may be located before the K1 symbols and adjacent to the K1 symbols. The K1 symbols may be used to transmit a PSFCH (e.g., used to transmit side-link feedback information or conflict information). Data in the K2 symbols may be duplicate data of the data in the K1 symbols. The K2 symbols may be used for AGC tuning or AGC training.

[00269] In some implementations, a K1 value is determined based on one or more of the following: predefined protocol information; feature set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00270] In some implementations, a value of K1 Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 80 / 591 73 / 239 can be determined based on a fifth side-link subcarrier spacing and a sixth side-link subcarrier spacing. The fifth side-link subcarrier spacing is different from the sixth side-link subcarrier spacing.

[00271] In some implementations, the fifth side-link subcarrier spacing may be larger than the sixth side-link subcarrier spacing.

[00272] In some implementations, the fifth side-link subcarrier spacing is a side-link subcarrier spacing corresponding to the first time unit.

[00273] In some implementations, the fifth subcarrier spacing is determined based on predefined information in a protocol, feature set configuration information, or side-link BWP configuration information. As an example, the spacing of the first side-link subcarrier is determined based on side-link BWP configuration information, and side-link BWP configuration information can be used to configure a BWP corresponding to the first time unit.

[00274] In some implementations, the sixth side-link subcarrier spacing is determined based on predefined information in a protocol, feature set configuration information, or side-link BWP configuration information. Sometimes, the sixth side-link subcarrier spacing may also be called the reference subcarrier spacing.

[00275] In some implementations, the fifth Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 81 / 591 74 / 239 side link subcarrier spacing is 480 kHz or 960 kHz.

[00276] In some implementations, the sixth side-link subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, or 120 kHz.

[00277] In some implementations, a K2 value is determined based on one or more of the following: predefined protocol information; feature set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00278] In some implementations, a K2 value can be determined based on a seventh side-link subcarrier spacing and an eighth side-link subcarrier spacing. The seventh side-link subcarrier spacing is different from the eighth side-link subcarrier spacing.

[00279] In some implementations, the seventh side-link subcarrier spacing may be larger than the eighth side-link subcarrier spacing.

[00280] In some implementations, the seventh side-link subcarrier spacing is a side-link subcarrier spacing corresponding to the first time unit.

[00281] In some implementations, the seventh subcarrier spacing is determined based on predefined information in a protocol, information of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 82 / 591 75 / 239 configuration of the feature set or side-link BWP configuration information. As an example, the spacing of the first side-link subcarrier is determined based on the side-link BWP configuration information, and the side-link BWP configuration information can be used to configure a BWP corresponding to the first time unit.

[00282] In some implementations, the eighth side-link subcarrier spacing is determined based on predefined information in a protocol, feature set configuration information, or side-link BWP configuration information. Sometimes, the eighth side-link subcarrier spacing may also be called the reference subcarrier spacing.

[00283] In some implementations, the seventh side-link subcarrier spacing is 480 kHz or 960 kHz.

[00284] In some implementations, the eighth side-link subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, or 120 kHz.

[00285] In some implementations, K1 is less than or equal to K2. For example, K1 = 1, and K2 = A; or K1 = A, and K2 = A, where A can be a positive integer greater than 1. A value of A can be determined, for example, based on a position in the time domain of the 1st symbol corresponding to a transmission feature of a PSSCH in the first time unit. To determine the value of A, one can refer to the description of Mode 1.2, and the details are not described again in this document.

[00286] In some implementations, if K1 is greater Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 83 / 591 76 / 239 that 1, each of the K1 symbols is used to transmit a PSFCH.

[00287] In some implementations, if K1 is greater than 1, the K1 symbols are used together to transmit a PSFCH, i.e., a transmission resource of a PSFCH corresponds to the K1 symbols.

[00288] In some implementations, if K1 = 1, the data in each symbol of the K2 symbols are duplicate data of the data in the K1 symbols.

[00289] In some implementations, if K1 is greater than 1, the data in all L symbols (L = K1) from back to front of the K2 symbols are duplicate data of the data in the K1 symbols, where L is equal to K1. For example, K1 = 2, and the data in every two symbols from back to front of the K2 symbols are duplicate data of the data in the K1 symbols.

[00290] For example, referring to Figure 18D, a time-domain feature of a PSFCH includes symbols 4 to 9 (symbol 1 corresponds to symbol 0) in an n+1 slot, where symbols 4 to 7 are used for AGC and symbols 8 and 9 are used to transmit side-link feedback information. In Figure 18D, K1 = 2, and when the data in every two symbols from back to front in the K2 symbols are duplicate data of data in the K1 symbols, the data in symbol 7 are duplicate data of data in symbol 9, the data in symbol 6 are duplicate data of data in symbol 8, the data in symbol 5 are duplicate data of data in symbol 9, and the data in symbol 4 are duplicate data of data in symbol 8.

[00291] In some implementations, if K1 is greater than 1, the data in all L symbols from front to back of the K2 symbols are duplicate data of the data in the K1 symbols, in Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 84 / 591 77 / 239 that L is equal to K1. For example, K1 = 2, and the data in each two symbols from front to back of the K2 symbols are duplicate data of the data in symbol K1.

[00292] For example, referring to Figure 18D, a time-domain feature of a PSFCH includes symbols 4 to 9 (symbol 1 corresponds to symbol 0) in an n+1 slot, where symbols 4 to 7 are used for AGC and symbols 8 and 9 are used to transmit side-link feedback information. In Figure 18D, K1 = 2, and when the data in every two symbols, from back to front in the K2 symbols, are duplicate data of the data in the K1 symbols, the data in symbol 4 are duplicate data of the data in symbol 8, the data in symbol 5 are duplicate data of the data in symbol 9, the data in symbol 6 are duplicate data of the data in symbol 8, and the data in symbol 7 are duplicate data of the data in symbol 9.

[00293] In some implementations, if the first time unit comprises a time-domain resource for transmitting a PSFCH, the PSFCH may occupy X PRBs in the frequency domain, where X is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[00294] In some implementations, a value of X is determined based on one or more of the following: predefined protocol information; feature set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or a side-link data reception endpoint. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 85 / 591 78 / 239

[00295] In some implementations, when X is greater than 1, the side-link feedback information in a PSFCH is carried by a first sequence. The length of the first sequence is equal to T, where T can be equal to the number of subcarriers included in a PRB. For example, a value of T can be 12. In this implementation, the first sequence can be mapped to a PRB of X PRBs. The data in the remaining PRBs in the X PRBs, except for the PRB, are determined based on the first sequence. For example, the data in the remaining PRBs, except for the PRB in the X PRBs, can be determined directly based on the first sequence or can be determined by multiplying the first sequence by a rotation factor.

[00296] In some implementations, when X is greater than 1, the side-link feedback information in a PSFCH is carried by a second sequence. The length of the second sequence can be determined based on a value of X*T, where T can be equal to the number of subcarriers included in a PRB. For example, a value of T can be 12. The second sequence can be mapped to all or part of the subcarriers corresponding to the X PRBs. For example, the length of the second sequence is X*T, and the second sequence can be mapped to all the subcarriers corresponding to the X PRBs, respectively. As another example, the length of the second sequence is a maximum prime number less than X*T, and the second sequence can be mapped to part of the subcarriers corresponding to the X PRBs, and the data in a remaining subcarrier is 0, or the data in a remaining subcarrier is a repetition of a partial sequence in the second sequence. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 86 / 591 79 / 239 MODE 1.5: INFORMATION / PARAMETER DETERMINED BASED ON A NUMBER OF TIME UNITS OR AN INDEX OF A TIME UNIT

[00297] In some implementations, a first time unit includes a transmission resource of the first stage SCI, for example, the first stage SCI is carried by a PSCCH. The first stage SCI may include an information field to indicate resource allocation in the time domain (time domain resource allocation). A value of the information field to indicate resource allocation in the time domain (e.g., a time resource indication value (TRIV)) can be determined based on a time offset of the remaining W transmission resources, except the 1st transmission resource, in W transmission resources relative to the 1st transmission resource. The time offset can be expressed based on a quantity of time units. W is a positive integer greater than 1. A value of W can be, for example, determined based on a quantity of transmission resources indicated by the first stage SCI.

[00298] In an example from Figure 20, a time unit includes two slots. The first time unit mentioned above may be a time unit with an index of 1 in Figure 20, i.e., a time unit 1. The first SCI transmitted in time unit 1 includes an information field to indicate the allocation of resources in the time domain, and the value of the information field is determined based on a time interval t1 between the 2nd transmission resource R2 and the 1st transmission resource R1 in three transmission resources (i.e., the 1st transmission resource R1, the 2nd Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 87 / 591 80 / 239 transmission feature R2 and the 3rd transmission feature R3 in Figure 20) and a time interval t2 between the 3rd transmission feature R3 and the 1st transmission feature. As can be seen in Figure 20, t1 includes two time units and t2 includes five time units.

[00299] In some implementations, a side-link transmission resource corresponding to side-link transmission or side-link reception is determined based on the first DCI (e.g., a terminal device is in a first mode). The first DCI may include third-party indication information. The third-party indication information may be used to indicate one of the following: a time interval between the reception of the first DCI and the side-link transmission resource; a time interval between a slot where the first DCI is located and a first time unit where the side-link transmission resource is located; and a time interval between the start time of a downlink slot carrying the first DCI and the start time of the side-link transmission resource. The time interval may be expressed based on a number of time units.

[00300] In some implementations, a side-link transmission resource corresponding to side-link transmission or side-link reception is a side-link configured grant transmission resource (configured grant, CG), and the side-link configured grant transmission resource is determined solely based on the RRC signaling transmitted by a network device (e.g., side-link configured grant is a first type of side-link configured grant). Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 88 / 591 81 / 239 RRC signaling can include sixth indication information. Sixth indication information can be used to indicate a time interval between the side-link transmission resource and a reference position in the SFN time domain. The time interval can be expressed based on a number of time units. The reference SFN time domain position can be, for example, determined based on a configuration parameter slTimeReferenceSFN-Type1.

[00301] In some implementations, the first terminal device may determine a first reservation period based on one or more of the following: a second reservation period indicated by indication information in SCI (for example, SCI indicates the second reservation period using a resource reservation period information field (resource reservation period)); or a quantity of time units in a resource set. The first reservation period may be expressed based on a quantity of time units, and the second reservation period may be expressed based on milliseconds.

[00302] For example, the first reserve period Prsvp satisfies the following formula: P' = r rsvp τ'1max 10240 msX Prsvp

[00303] In this case, Prsvp denotes the second reservation period and T'max denotes a quantity of time units included in a set of features in 10240 milliseconds (ms).

[00304] In some implementations, a period of a PSFCH can be expressed based on a quantity of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 89 / 591 82 / 239 time units. For example, the PSFCH period can be indicated based on the fourth indication information in the feature set configuration information, where the PSFCH period indicated in the fourth indication information is expressed in a number of time units.

[00305] When the side-link subcarrier spacing is greater than 120 kHz (for example, when the side-link subcarrier spacing is 480 kHz or 960 kHz), to ensure sufficient time for AGC adjustment, RX / TX switching, or TX / RX switching, a plurality of symbols used for AGC or used as GPs is required. In this case, the number of symbols available for PSCCH / PSSCH transmission in a slot becomes very small, resulting in greater system overhead and reduced spectrum efficiency.Under the provisions of this application, a time-unit structure is introduced that aggregates a plurality of slots, and if side-link transmission or reception is performed based on the time-unit structure, even if a plurality of symbols used for AGC or used as GPs are introduced, there are sufficient symbols available for PSCCH / PSSCH transmission in a time-unit, so that system overhead can be reduced and spectrum efficiency can be improved. MODE 2: A PSSCH TRANSMISSION MODE BASED ON A FIRST TIME UNIT

[00306] It should be understood that the PSSCH transmission mode described in Mode 2 can be implemented based on the time unit structure provided in Mode 1. In the absence of conflict, the content of Mode 2 can be arbitrarily combined with the implementation in Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 90 / 591 83 / 239 Mode 1. For example, the first A symbols of the first time unit in Mode 2 can be used for AGC. As another example, the last B symbols of the first time unit in Mode 2 are guard symbols and can be used as GPs. As another example, symbols in the central part of Mode 2 can include a transmission feature to transmit one or more PSCCH, PSSCH, or PSFCH.

[00307] In some implementations, the first time unit can be used to transmit a PSSCH.

[00308] In some implementations, the initial time unit can be used to transmit R PSSCHs (R is a positive integer greater than 1). When R PSSCHs are transmitted in the first time unit, the R PSSCHs may correspond to the same TB or correspond to different TBs.

[00309] In some implementations, an R value is determined based on one or more of the following: predefined protocol information; pre-configuration information; network device configuration information; resource set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00310] In some implementations, the R PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit include a first PSSCH, and a time-domain feature of the first PSSCH includes S slots, where S is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. In other words, a transmission feature of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 91 / 591 84 / 239 first PSSCH includes a feature available for PSSCH streaming on the S slots.

[00311] In some implementations, a value of S is determined based on one or more of the following: predefined protocol information; pre-configuration information; network device configuration information; resource set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or it may be a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00312] In some implementations, S is determined based on a quotient of M and R.

[00313] In some implementations, the terminal device expects M to be divisible by R, that is, M must be an integer multiple of R.

[00314] For example, S = M / R - T. A value of T, for example, can be 0, 1 or 2.

[00315] In some implementations, the first PSSCH is any of the R PSSCHs, and a value of T is 0.

[00316] Furthermore, in some implementations, if the first PSSCH matches the first R-1 PSSCHs in the R PSSCHs, a value of T is a first value; and / or if the first PSSCH matches the last PSSCH in the R PSSCHs, a value of T is a second value. In one example, the first value is 0 and the second value is 1 or 2.

[00317] In an example where the first time unit is time unit no. 2 in Figure 26, the unit of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 92 / 591 Time unit #2 occupies four slots and is used to transmit two PSSCHs (i.e., one PSSCH 1 and one PSSCH 2 in time unit #2). Thus, M = 4, R = 2. As can be seen in Figure 26, PSSCH 1 transmitted in time unit #2 occupies 2 slots (i.e., S = M / R), and PSSCH 2 transmitted in time unit #2 occupies one slot (i.e., S = M / R - 1).

[00318] In some implementations, the R PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit include a first PSSCH, and a slot occupied by the first PSSCH includes a first slot. For example, the method described above can be used to determine the S slots occupied by the first PSSCH based on M and R, and the first slot can be any slot or the last slot in the S slots. A mode of use of the first slot can be determined based on the relationship between the first slot and a first limit.

[00319] For example, if the number of symbols available to transmit a PSSCH in the first slot is less than the first limit (the first limit may be, for example, 2, 3 or 4), the first slot is not used to transmit a second-stage PSSCH and / or SCI.

[00320] For example, if the number of symbols available to transmit a PSSCH in the first slot is less than the first limit (the first limit may be, for example, 2, 3, or 4), the data of a PSSCH in the first slot is determined based on a redundant bit, a padding bit, or a random bit. Alternatively, the receiving end device does not expect to receive data transmitted in a PSSCH transmission feature in the first slot.

[00321] For example, if the number of symbols Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 93 / 591 If the number of symbols available to transmit a PSSCH in the first slot is less than a first limit (the first limit can be, for example, 2, 3, or 4), the PSSCH data in the first slot is duplicate data of the data in a slot (such as a previous slot) before the first slot. For example, in Figure 28 illustrated below, if the first time unit is time unit #2 in Figure 28, it can be seen in Figure 28 that the number of symbols available to transmit a PSSCH in the last slot (i.e., slot n+7) of time unit #2 is 1 (i.e., one symbol before the last slot). Assuming the first limit is 3, the data transmitted in a symbol before the last slot in time unit #2 may be duplicate data of a PSSCH 1 transmitted in a slot (i.e., slot n+4) in time unit #2 or of a PSSCH 3 transmitted in a previous slot (i.e., slot n+6).In a more specific example, the data transmitted in a previous symbol in the last slot of time unit #2 may be duplicate data from a previous symbol or a last symbol of slot n+6.

[00322] In some implementations, the first threshold is determined based on one or more of the following: protocol-predefined information; preconfiguration information; network device configuration information; resource set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or terminal device indication information. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or a side-link data reception endpoint. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 94 / 591 87 / 239

[00323] In some implementations, if the R PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit correspond to different TBs, the first slot uses the previous implementation which is based on the first limit.

[00324] In some implementations, if the R PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit correspond to the same TB, the first slot is used to transmit a second-stage PSSCH and / or SCI.

[00325] In some implementations, the first limit is determined based on the number of symbols included in a PSCCH transmission resource. Additionally, in some implementations, the first limit is equal to the number of symbols included in the PSCCH transmission resource. For example, if the PSCCH transmission resource includes 2 symbols, the first limit is equal to 2. As another example, if the PSCCH transmission resource includes 3 symbols, the first limit will be equal to 3.

[00326] In some implementations, the transmission of one PSSCH or R PSSCHs in the first time unit is determined based on configuration information. Configuration information may include, for example, one or more of the following: protocol-predefined information; resource set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00327] In some implementations, when the R Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 95 / 591 88 / 239 PSSCHs are transmitted in the first time unit; whether the R PSSCHs correspond to the same TB or different TBs is determined based on configuration information. Configuration information may include, for example, one or more of the following: protocol-predefined information; resource set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00328] The following describes the PSSCH transmission mode which is based on the first time unit in detail using examples with reference to Mode 2.1 to Mode 2.3. MODE 2.1: A FIRST TIME UNIT IS USED TO TRANSMIT A PSSCH

[00329] In this mode, only one PSSCH can be transmitted in the first time unit. For example, a PSSCH can be mapped to all resources in the time domain available for PSSCH transmission in the first time unit. A PSSCH can be used to transmit a TB, and the TB can be transmitted using a plurality of slots (which can be called a multi-slot transmission block).

[00330] For example, an initial PSSCH mapping position might be located at the (A+1)th symbol of the first time unit. If the first time unit does not include any PSSCH transmission features, an final PSSCH mapping position might be one symbol before a Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 96 / 591 89 / 239 symbol corresponding to a first guard symbol; if the first time unit includes a PSFCH transmission feature, a final PSSCH symbol is a symbol preceding a symbol corresponding to a second guard symbol. For a related description of the first guard symbol and the second guard symbol, reference may be made to Mode 1.1 above, and the details are not described here again.

[00331] In some implementations, a third guard symbol and a fourth guard symbol are not included in the first time unit. For a related description of the third guard symbol and the fourth guard symbol, reference can be made to Mode 1.1 above, and the details are not described here again.

[00332] In some implementations, the first time unit is still used to transmit a second-stage PSCCH and / or SCI. For example, the first time unit may transmit only a PSCCH and a second-stage SCI.

[00333] In some implementations, an initial second-stage SCI mapping position is determined based on one or more of the following: protocol-predefined information; resource set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00334] In some implementations, the SCI of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 97 / 591 90 / 239 second stage are mapped from the first DMRS symbol of PSSCH of the first time unit.

[00335] In some implementations, if the first PSSCH DMRS symbol of the first time unit includes a subcarrier that can be used to map the second-stage SCIs, the second-stage SCIs are mapped from the first PSSCH DMRS symbol; and / or, if the first PSSCH DMRS symbol of the first time unit does not include a subcarrier that can be used to map the second-stage SCIs, the second-stage SCIs are mapped from the next symbol of the first PSSCH DMRS symbol.

[00336] In some implementations, the second-stage SCIs are mapped from the 1st symbol corresponding to a PSSCH transmission resource in the first time unit.

[00337] In some implementations, second-stage SCIs are mapped from the 1st symbol used to map a PSSCH in the first time unit.

[00338] In some implementations, second-stage SCIs are mapped from the 1st symbol for PSSCH resource allocation in the first time unit.

[00339] In some implementations, the second-stage SCIs are mapped from the 1st symbol corresponding to a PSCCH transmission resource in the first time unit.

[00340] In some implementations, the second-stage SCIs are mapped from the 1st symbol used to map a PSCCH in the first time unit.

[00341] In some implementations, second-stage SCIs are mapped from the 1st symbol to the Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 98 / 591 91 / 239 allocation of PSCCH resources in the first time unit.

[00342] For example, the first time unit mentioned above could be a time unit #1 or a time unit #2 in Figure 21. In an example shown in Figure 21, a time unit includes two slots, i.e., M = 2. Time unit #1 does not include a PSFCH transmission feature, and time unit #2 includes a PSFCH transmission feature. The allocation of PSFCH features in a time unit starts from the 5th symbol, i.e., A = 4. The first four symbols of a time unit can be used for AGC, and the last four symbols of a time unit are used as GPs, i.e., B = 4. A PSFCH timedomain feature in time unit #2 includes five symbols. The first four symbols of the five symbols can be used for AGC, and the 5th symbol can be used to transmit a PSFCH.Therefore, the data transmitted in the first four symbols of the five symbols can be the same as the data transmitted in the 5th symbol. In an example shown in Figure 21, one time unit is used to transmit a PSCCH and a PSSCH, the PSSCH is used to transmit a TB, and the PSSCH is mapped to two slots included in a corresponding time unit.

[00343] As another example, the first time unit mentioned above could be either time unit #1 or time unit #2 in Figure 22. In an example shown in Figure 22, a time unit includes four slots, i.e., M = 4. Time unit #1 does not include a PSFCH transmission feature, and time unit #2 includes a PSFCH transmission feature. The allocation of PSFCH features in a time unit begins from the 9th symbol, Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 99 / 591 92 / 239, that is, A = 8. The first eight symbols of a time unit can be used for AGC, and the last eight symbols of a time unit are used as GPs, that is, B = 8. A time domain feature of the PSFCH in time unit #2 includes nine symbols. The first eight symbols of the nine symbols can be used for AGC, and the 9th symbol can be used to transmit a PSFCH. Therefore, the data transmitted in the first eight symbols of the nine symbols can be the same as the data transmitted in the 9th symbol. In an example shown in Figure 22, one time unit is used to transmit a PSCCH and a PSSCH, the PSSCH is used to transmit a TB, and the PSSCH is mapped to four slots included in a corresponding time unit.

[00344] It can be learned from the above description in Mode 2.1 that more time-domain resources (i.e., time-domain resources occupying a plurality of slots) are assigned to a TB in Mode 2.1, so that transmission can be performed with fewer frequency-domain resources. Compared to a mode where a TB is transmitted using one slot and more frequency-domain resources are assigned to the TB, in Mode 2.1, the transmission power of each PRB can be increased, thus achieving the goal of improving transmission performance. MODE 2.2: A first time unit is used to transmit R PSSCHS, and the R PSSCHS correspond to the same TB.

[00345] In some implementations, each of the R PSSCHs may occupy S slots (for a way to determine the S slots, for example, one may refer to the previous description). One way in which each PSSCH is mapped to the Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 100 / 591 93 / 239 The S slots may be similar to Mode 2.1, i.e., the PSSCHs are mapped sequentially to the last available symbol to transmit a PSSCH from the S slots, starting from the 1st available symbol to transmit a PSSCH from the S slots.

[00346] In some implementations, the R PSSCHs correspond to the R redundancy versions (redundancy version, RV), respectively.

[00347] In some implementations, the values ​​of the R redundancy versions may be exactly the same.

[00348] In some implementations, the values ​​of the R redundancy versions may be different from each other.

[00349] In some implementations, the values ​​of the R redundancy versions may be at least partially different from each other.

[00350] In some implementations, the R redundancy versions are determined based on the fifth indication information (or referred to as redundancy version indication information) carried in the SCIs (which may be first-stage SCIs or may be second-stage SCIs).

[00351] For example, the fifth indication information can be used to indicate the 1st redundancy version in the R redundancy versions. The 1st redundant version can be, for example, a redundant version corresponding to the 1st PSSCH (a PSSCH with the oldest position in the time domain) among the R PSSCHs. A remaining redundancy version of the R redundancy versions, except the 1st redundancy version, can be determined based on the 1st redundancy version. For example, the remaining redundancy version can be determined based on a predefined order. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 101 / 591 94 / 239 version redundancy in a protocol. In one example, a cyclic order of redundancy versions predefined by a protocol is [0, 2, 3, 1]. Two PSSCHs are transmitted in a first time unit, and the SCI in the first time unit indicates, using the fifth indication information, that one redundancy version is 0. In this case, the redundancy version of the 1st PSSCH is 0 and the redundancy version of the 2nd PSSCH is 2. Alternatively, if the SCI in the first time unit indicates, using the fifth indication information, that the redundancy version is 2, the redundancy version of the 1st PSSCH is 2 and the redundancy version of the 2nd PSSCH is 3. Alternatively, if the SCI in the first time unit indicates, using the fifth indication information, that the redundancy version is 1, the redundancy version of the 1st PSSCH is 2 and the redundancy version of the 2nd PSSCH is 3. PSSCH is 1 and the redundancy version of the 2nd PSSCH is 0.

[00352] As another example, the fifth indication information can be used to indicate each redundancy version in the R redundancy versions. For example, an information field in which the fifth indication information is located includes R information subfields, and the R information subfields are used, respectively, to indicate the R redundancy versions. As an example, two PSSCHs are transmitted in the first time unit, and the SCI in the first time unit indicates redundancy version 0 and redundancy version 2, respectively, using the fifth indication information. In this case, the redundancy version of the 1st PSSCH is 0 and the redundancy version of the 2nd PSSCH is 2. Alternatively, the SCIs in the first time unit indicate a redundancy version 0 and a redundancy version 3, respectively, using the fifth indication information. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 102 / 591 95 / 239 In this case, the redundancy version of the 1st PSSCH is 0 and the redundancy version of the 2nd PSSCH is 3. Alternatively, the SCIs in the first time unit indicate a redundancy version of 3 and a redundancy version of 1, respectively, using the fifth indication information. In this case, the redundancy version of the 1st PSSCH is 3 and the redundancy version of the 2nd PSSCH is 1.

[00353] In some implementations, the PSSCHs R correspond to the same HARQ process number.

[00354] In some implementations, the initial time unit is still used to transmit a PSCCH and a second-stage SCI. Certainly, in some other implementations, the initial time unit may alternatively be used to transmit a PSCCH and R second-stage SCIs; or the initial time unit may still be used to transmit R PSCCHs and R second-stage SCIs.

[00355] In some implementations, if the first time unit is used to transmit a second-stage SCI, an initial mapping position of the second-stage SCIs can be determined based on one or more of the following: predefined protocol information; resource set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device can be a side-link data transmission endpoint or a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00356] In some implementations, second-stage SCIs are mapped from the 1st PSSCH DMRS symbol of the first time unit. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 103 / 591 96 / 239

[00357] In some implementations, if the 1st PSSCH DMRS symbol of the first time unit includes a subcarrier that can be used to map second-stage SCIs, the second-stage SCIs are mapped from the 1st PSSCH DMRS symbol; and / or if the 1st PSSCH DMRS symbol of the first time unit does not include a subcarrier that can be used to map the second-stage SCI, the second-stage SCIs are mapped from a next symbol of the 1st PSSCH DMRS symbol.

[00358] In some implementations, the second-stage SCIs are mapped from the 1st symbol corresponding to a PSSCH transmission resource in the first time unit.

[00359] In some implementations, second-stage SCIs are mapped from the 1st symbol used to map a PSSCH in the first time unit.

[00360] In some implementations, second-stage SCIs are mapped from the 1st symbol for PSSCH resource allocation in the first time unit.

[00361] In some implementations, the second-stage SCIs are mapped from the 1st symbol corresponding to a PSCCH transmission resource in the first time unit.

[00362] In some implementations, the second-stage SCIs are mapped from the 1st symbol used to map a PSCCH in the first time unit.

[00363] In some implementations, second-stage SCIs are mapped from the 1st symbol to the allocation of PSCCH resources in the first time unit.

[00364] For example, the first unit of time Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 104 / 591 The 97 / 239 mentioned above can be a time unit #1 or a time unit #2 shown in Figure 23. As can be seen in Figure 23, a time unit includes two slots, i.e., M = 2. The allocation of PSSCH resources in a time unit starts from the 5th symbol, i.e., A = 4. The first four symbols of a time unit can be used for AGC, and the last four symbols of a time unit are used as GPs, i.e., B = 4. Two PSSCHs are transmitted in a time unit, i.e., each slot is used to transmit one PSSCH. A PSCCH timedomain resource includes three symbols starting from the 5th symbol in a time unit. In time unit #2, there is only one symbol available to transmit a PSSCH in the 2nd slot, but since a PSSCH 2 transmitted in the 2nd slot and a PSSCH 1 transmitted in the 1st slot are used to transmit different redundancy versions of the same TB, the PSSCH 2 can still be transmitted in the 2nd slot.

[00365] As another example, the first time unit mentioned above could be a time unit #1 or a time unit #2 shown in Figure 24. As can be seen in Figure 24, a time unit includes four slots, i.e., M = 4. The allocation of PSSCH resources in a time unit starts from the 5th symbol, i.e., A = 4. The first four symbols of a time unit can be used for AGC, and the last four symbols of a time unit are used as GPs, i.e., B = 4. Four PSSCHs are transmitted in a time unit, meaning each slot is used to transmit one PSSCH. A PSSCH timedomain feature includes three symbols starting from the 5th symbol in a time unit. Time unit #2 includes a Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 105 / 591 98 / 239 PSFCH transmission resource, so there is only one symbol available to transmit a PSSCH in the 4th slot of time unit #2. However, since a PSSCH 4 transmitted in slot 4 and a PSSCH transmitted in the other three slots in time unit #2 belong to different redundancy versions of the same TB, PSSCH 4 can still be transmitted in slot 4.

[00366] As another example, the first time unit mentioned above can be a time unit #1 or a time unit #2 shown in Figure 25. As can be seen in Figure 25, a time unit includes four slots, i.e., M = 4. The allocation of PSSCH resources in a time unit starts from the 5th symbol, i.e., A = 4. The first four symbols of a time unit can be used for AGC, and the last four symbols of a time unit are used as GPs, i.e., B = 4. A time unit is used to transmit two PSSCHs, i.e., one PSSCH is transmitted every two slots. A time domain resource of a PSCCH includes three symbols starting from the 5th symbol in the first time unit. In a time unit, the first two slots are used to transmit a PSSCH 1, and the last two slots are used to transmit a PSSCH 2.Time unit #2 includes a PSFCH transmission feature, so that in slots 3 and 4 of time unit #2, the number of symbols available for transmitting PSSCH 2 is less than the number of symbols available for transmitting PSSCH 1 in the first two slots of time unit #2.

[00367] As another example, the first time unit mentioned above could be a time unit #1 or a time unit #2 shown in Figure 26. How can it be Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 106 / 591 99 / 239 as seen in Figure 26, a time unit includes four slots, i.e., M = 4. The allocation of PSSCH resources in a time unit starts from the 9th symbol, i.e., A = 8. The first eight symbols of a time unit can be used for AGC, and the last eight symbols of a time unit are used as GPs, i.e., B = 8. A time unit is used to transmit two PSSCHs, i.e., one PSSCH is transmitted every two slots. A PSCCH time domain resource includes three symbols starting from the 9th symbol in a time unit. Time unit #2 includes a PSFCH transmission resource, so there are only three symbols available to transmit a PSSCH in slots 3 and 4 of time unit #2.However, since a PSSCH 2 transmitted in the 3rd and 4th slots of time unit #2 and a PSSCH 1 transmitted in the first two slots of time unit #2 transmit different redundancy versions of the same TB, the PSSCH 2 can still be transmitted in the first two slots of time unit #2.

[00368] In Mode 2.2, a TB is transmitted a plurality of times using the first time unit, so that the reliability of the TB transmission can be improved and a delay can be reduced. MODE 2.3: A first time unit is used to transmit R PSSCHs, and R PSSCHs correspond to different TBs.

[00369] In some implementations, each of the R PSSCHs may occupy S slots (for a way to determine the S slots, one may refer to the previous description). One way in which each PSSCH is mapped to the S slots may be similar to that of Modality 2.1, i.e., starting from Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 107 / 591 100 / 239 from the 1st available symbol to transmit a PSSCH from the S slots and mapping sequentially to the last available symbol to transmit a PSSCH from the S slots.

[00370] In some implementations, R PSSCHs are used to transmit different TBs.

[00371] In some implementations, the R PSSCHs correspond to the same receiving device.

[00372] In some implementations, the R PSSCHs do not correspond to the same receiving device. For example, the R PSSCHs correspond to different R receiving devices.

[00373] In some implementations, the R PSSCHs correspond to the same spatial domain transmission filter.

[00374] In some implementations, the R PSSCHs do not correspond to the same spatial domain broadcast filter. For example, R PSSCHs correspond to R spatial domain broadcast filters.

[00375] Since different PSSCHs are used to transport different TBs, different parameters (such as priority information, MCS information, new data indicator (NDI), a HARQ process number, or a redundancy version) correspond to the respective TBs. Therefore, to indicate the parameters corresponding to the different TBs, a PSCCH and a second-stage SCI in the first time unit may have a plurality of different implementations. For example, the first time unit may include one PSCCH or R PSCCHs; and / or the first time unit may include one second-stage SCI or R second-stage SCIs. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 108 / 591 101 / 239

[00376] Based on modality 2.3.1 to 2.3.3, three possible implementations of PSCCH and second-stage SCI transmitted in the first time unit are provided below. MODE 2.3.1: A FIRST TIME UNIT IS USED TO TRANSMIT R PSCCHs ER SCIs OF THE SECOND STAGE.

[00377] In this mode, the R PSCCHs transmitted in the first time unit are in one-to-one correspondence with the R PSSCHs, and the R second-stage SCIs transmitted in the first time unit are in one-to-one correspondence with the R PSSCHs. In other words, each of the R PSSCHs has a corresponding PSCCH and a second-stage SCI. The corresponding PSCCH of each PSSCH carries the first-stage SCIs, and the first-stage SCIs and the second-stage SCIs corresponding to the PSSCH, respectively, carry the information necessary for the demodulation of the PSSCH.

[00378] In some implementations, an initial second-stage SCI mapping position is determined based on one or more of the following: protocol-predefined information; resource set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00379] In some implementations, the second-stage SCI corresponding to a respective PSSCH of the R PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit is mapped from the 1st DMRS PSSCH symbol corresponding to the respective Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 109 / 591 102 / 239 PSSCH.

[00380] In some implementations, the second-stage SCI corresponding to a respective PSSCH of the R PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit is mapped from the 1st symbol corresponding to the respective PSSCH.

[00381] In some implementations, the second-stage SCI corresponding to a respective PSSCH of the R PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit is mapped from the 1st symbol of a target PSCCH. The target PSCCH refers to a PSCCH corresponding to the respective PSSCH. MODE 2.3.2: A FIRST TIME UNIT IS USED TO TRANSMIT A PSCCH AND A SECOND-STAGE SCI.

[00382] In some implementations, second-stage ICS include a first intelligence field. The first information field may include R information subfields, and the R information subfields are used, respectively, to indicate HARQ process numbers (HARQ process number) of the R PSSCHs.

[00383] In some implementations, the second-stage SCI includes a second information field (or referred to as a new data indicator field). The second information field may include R information subfields, and the R information subfields are used respectively to indicate whether the data transmitted by the R PSSCHs is new data.

[00384] In some implementations, second-stage SCIs include a third information field. The third information field may include R subfields of information, and the R subfields of information are used, respectively, to indicate data redundancy versions. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 110 / 591 103 / 239 transmitted by R PSSCHs.

[00385] In some implementations, second-stage ICS include a fourth intelligence field and a fifth intelligence field. The fourth information field can be used to indicate a source identity (source ID), and the fifth information field can be used to indicate a target identity (target ID), and both the source ID and target ID are determined based on a Layer 2 identity. For example, in the case where the R PSSCHs do not correspond to the same receiving endpoint device, the fifth information field includes R information subfields, and the R information subfields are used respectively to indicate target identities corresponding to the R PSSCHs.

[00386] In some implementations, second-stage SCIs include a sixth information field. The sixth information field can be used to indicate the activation or deactivation of side-link feedback, and the indication of the sixth information field is applicable to PSSCHs. The indication information carried in the sixth information field may also be called the HARQ feedback indicator activated / deactivated (HARQ feedback indicator activated / deactivated). In this implementation, the sixth information field may include, for example, 1-bit information.

[00387] In some implementations, second-stage SCIs include a sixth information field. The sixth information field includes R subfields of information, and the R subfields of information are used, respectively, to indicate whether the R PSSCHs are used to enable or disable the Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 111 / 591 104 / 239 side link feedback. In this implementation, the sixth information field may include, for example, R-bit information.

[00388] In some implementations, second-stage SCIs include a seventh information field. The seventh information field is used to indicate a transmission type, and the indication of the seventh information field is applicable to PSSCHs. The information carried in the seventh information field may also be called the cast type indicator (broadcast type indicator). For example, the transmission type includes unicast transmission, broadcast transmission, multicast transmission with ACK / NACK feedback support, and multicast transmission with only NACK feedback support.

[00389] In some implementations, second-stage SCIs include a seventh information field. The seventh information field includes R sub-information fields, and the R sub-information fields are used, respectively, to indicate transmission types corresponding to the R PSSCHs.

[00390] In some implementations, second-stage SCIs include an eighth information field. The eighth information field is used to indicate whether a receiving end device is required to report CSI. The information contained in the eighth information field may be referred to as a CSI request (CSI request). A value of the eighth information field may include a first value. When the value of the eighth information field is the first value, this may indicate that the transmitting device transmits a CSI-RS and / or indicate that the receiving device is required to report CSI. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 112 / 591 105 / 239

[00391] In one example, when the value of the eighth information field is the first value (such as 1), all transmission resources of the R PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit carry the CSI-RS, that is, the transmission device transmits the CSI-RS in one transmission resource of each PSSCH in the R PSSCHs.

[00392] In another example, when the value of the eighth information field is the first value (such as 1), a target PSSCH in the R PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit carries the CSI-RS. The target PSSCH can be part of the R PSSCHs, for example, it can be a PSSCH in the R PSSCHs. For example, the target PSSCH can be the 1st PSSCH, the last PSSCH, or a PSSCH determined based on the configuration information in the R PSSCHs. The configuration information mentioned here can include, for example, one or more resource set configuration information, side link BWP configuration information, or PC5 radio resource control signaling (PC5 radio resource control, PC5-RRC). If the target PSSCH is one of the R PSSCHs, the transmitting device transmits a CSI-RS only on the target PSSCH and does not transmit any CSI-RS on any remaining PSSCHs.

[00393] In some implementations, second-stage SCIs include a ninth information field. The ninth information field is used to carry the TCI state indication. The ninth information field can be used to indicate the beam information used by a transmitting device, or it can be used by a receiving device to determine a received beam.

[00394] In some implementations, the indication of the ninth information field is applicable to R PSSCHs. In others Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 113 / 591 106 / 239 words, the indication information carried in the ninth information field may indicate a TCI state, and the R PSSCHs are all transmitted using a transmission beam corresponding to the TCI state, or the receiving device may receive the R PSSCHs using the same receiving beam.

[00395] In some implementations, if the R PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit do not correspond to the same receiving device, the ninth information field includes R information subfields, and the R information subfields are used respectively to indicate TCI states corresponding to the R PSSCHs. In this implementation, the R PSSCHs may be transmitted using different transmission beams, or the receiving device may receive the R PSSCHs using different reception beams.

[00396] In some implementations, if the R PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit do not correspond to the same spatial domain transmission filter, the ninth information field includes R information subfields, and the R information subfields are used respectively to indicate TCI states corresponding to the R PSSCHs. The TCI states corresponding to the R PSSCHs may be different from each other, i.e., the R PSSCHs may be transmitted using different transmission beams or received using different reception beams.

[00397] In some implementations, if the R PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit do not correspond to the same receiving end device, the ninth information field includes R information subfields, and the R information subfields are used respectively to determine spatial domain transmission filters or Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 114 / 591 107 / 239 spatial domain reception filters corresponding to the R PSSCHs. The spatial domain transmission filters or spatial domain reception filters corresponding to the R PSSCHs may differ from each other, i.e., the R PSSCHs may be transmitted using different transmission beams or received using different reception beams.

[00398] In some implementations, if the R PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit do not correspond to the same spatial domain transmission filter, the ninth information field includes R information subfields, and the R information subfields are used respectively to determine spatial domain transmission filters or spatial domain reception filters corresponding to the R PSSCHs. The spatial domain transmission filters or spatial domain reception filters corresponding to the R PSSCHs may be different from each other, i.e., the R PSSCHs may be transmitted using different transmission beams or received using different reception beams.

[00399] The information field of the second-stage SCI is described in detail above. A PSCCH transmitted in the first time unit includes a first-stage LME, and an information field in the first-stage SCI is described in detail below using examples.

[00400] In some implementations, first-stage SCIs include a tenth information field. The tenth information field is used to indicate an SCI format of the second-stage SCIs.

[00401] In some implementations, the SCI of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 115 / 591 108 / 239 first stage includes an eleventh information field. The eleventh information field is used to carry priority indication information, and a value of the eleventh information field is determined based on the highest or lowest priority of the priorities corresponding to the R PSSCHs. A priority value corresponding to a PSSCH of the R PSSCHs can be determined, for example, based on the priorities of one or more logical channels corresponding to the PSSCH (e.g., the highest priority of one or more logical channels). If a medium access control protocol data unit (medium access control protocol data unit, If the MAC PDU) associated with the PSSCH includes a medium access control element (medium access control element, MAC CE), a priority value corresponding to the PSSCH can be determined based on the priorities of one or more logical channels corresponding to the PSSCH and a priority of the MAC CE (for example, the highest priority among the priority of the MAC CE and the priorities of one or more logical channels).

[00402] In some deployments, first-stage ICS include an eleventh information field. The eleventh information field includes R sub-information fields, and the R sub-information fields are used, respectively, to indicate priorities corresponding to the R PSSCHs. A priority value corresponding to a PSSCH of the R PSSCHs can be determined, for example, based on the priorities of one or more logical channels corresponding to the PSSCH (e.g., the highest priority of one or more logical channels). If an associated MAC PDU Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 116 / 591 109 / 239 when PSSCH includes a MAC CE, a priority value corresponding to the PSSCH can be determined based on the priorities of one or more logical channels corresponding to the PSSCH and a priority of the MAC CE (for example, the highest priority among the MAC CE priority and the priorities of one or more logical channels).

[00403] In some implementations, first-stage SCIs include a twelfth information field. The twelfth information field (e.g., Beta_offset indicator) is used to carry a beta offset indicator, and the beta offset indicator is applicable to second-stage SCIs.

[00404] In some implementations, first-stage SCIs include a thirteenth information field. The thirteenth information field (e.g., number of DMRS ports) is used to indicate a quantity of DMRS ports, and the quantity of DMRS ports is applicable to R PSSCHs, i.e., applicable to the DMRSs of the R PSSCHs.

[00405] In some implementations, first-stage SCIs include a fourteenth information field. The fourteenth information field is used to indicate an MCS, and all R PSSCHs use the MCS indicated by the fourteenth information.

[00406] In some implementations, first-stage SCIs include a fifteenth information field. The fifteenth information field (e.g., additional MCS table indicator) is used to indicate an MCS table, and all R PSSCHs use the MCS table indicated by the fifteenth information field. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 117 / 591 110 / 239 MODE 2.3.3: A FIRST TIME UNIT IS USED TO TRANSMIT A SECOND-STAGE PSCCH ER SCIs.

[00407] In this mode, the second-stage R SCIs are in one-to-one correspondence with the R PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit.

[00408] In some implementations, an initial second-stage SCI mapping position is determined based on one or more of the following: protocol-predefined information; resource set configuration information; side-link BWP configuration information; or information indicating a terminal device. The terminal device may be a side-link data transmission endpoint or a side-link data reception endpoint.

[00409] In some implementations, the second-stage SCI corresponding to a respective PSSCH in the R second-stage SCIs is mapped from the 1st PSSCH DMRS symbol corresponding to the respective PSSCH.

[00410] In some implementations, the second-stage SCI corresponding to a respective PSSCH of the R PSSCHs is mapped from the 1st symbol corresponding to the respective PSSCH.

[00411] In some implementations, the first-stage SCIs in PSCCH include a tenth information field. The tenth information field is used to indicate an SCI format for the second-stage SCIs. The second-stage R SCIs may use the same SCI format or different SCI formats. For example, if the formats of the second-stage SCIs corresponding to the respective PSSCH in R PSSCH are the Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 118 / 591 111 / 239 same, the tenth information field can be used to indicate the SCI format of the second-stage SCIs. As another example, if the formats of the second-stage SCIs corresponding to different PSSCHs in the R PSSCH can be different from each other, the tenth information field can indicate the formats of the second-stage SCIs corresponding to the respective PSSCHs, respectively.

[00412] In some implementations, the first-stage ICS in the PSCCH include an eleventh information field. The eleventh information field is used to carry priority indication information, and a value of the eleventh information field is determined based on the highest or lowest priority of the priorities corresponding to the R PSSCHs. A priority value corresponding to a PSSCH of the R PSSCHs can be determined, for example, based on the priorities of one or more logical channels corresponding to the PSSCH (e.g., the highest priority of one or more logical channels). If a MAC PDU associated with the PSSCH includes a MAC CE, the priority value corresponding to the PSSCH can be determined based on the priorities of one or more logical channels corresponding to the PSSCH and a priority of the MAC CE (e.g., the highest priority among the priority of the MAC CE and the priorities of one or more logical channels).

[00413] In some implementations, the first-stage ICS in the PSCCH include an eleventh information field. The eleventh information field includes R sub-information fields, and the R sub-information fields are used, respectively, to indicate priorities corresponding to the R PSSCHs. A priority value Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 119 / 591 112 / 239 corresponding to a PSSCH of the R PSSCHs can be determined, for example, based on the priorities of one or more logical channels corresponding to the PSSCH (for example, the highest priority of one or more logical channels). If a MAC PDU associated with the PSSCH includes a MAC CE, the priority value corresponding to the PSSCH can be determined based on the priorities of one or more logical channels corresponding to the PSSCH and a priority of the MAC CE (for example, the highest priority between the priority of the MAC CE and the priorities of one or more logical channels).

[00414] In some implementations, the first-stage SCIs in PSCCH include a twelfth information field. The twelfth information field (e.g., Beta_offset indicator) is used to carry a beta offset indicator, and the beta offset indicator is applicable to the second-stage R SCIs.

[00415] In some implementations, the first-stage SCIs in the PSCCH include a thirteenth information field. The thirteenth information field (e.g., number of DMRS ports) is used to indicate a quantity of DMRS ports, and the quantity of DMRS ports is applicable to the R PSSCHs, i.e., applicable to the DMRSs of the R PSSCHs.

[00416] In some implementations, the first-stage SCIs in the PSCCH include a fourteenth information field. The fourteenth information field is used to indicate an MCS, and all R PSSCHs use the MCS indicated by the fourteenth information.

[00417] In some implementations, the first-stage ICS in PSCCH include a fifteenth field of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 120 / 591 113 / 239 information. The fifteenth information field (e.g., additional MCS table indicator) is used to indicate an MCS table, and all R PSSCHs use the MCS table indicated by the fifteenth information field.

[00418] The following describes Mode 2.3 in detail using examples with reference to specific examples illustrated in Figures 27 to 31. In the examples illustrated in Figures 27 to 31, a plurality of PSSCHs is transmitted in a unit of time, and the plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to different TBs, respectively. Each of the pluralities of PSSCHs have a corresponding PSCCH and second-stage SCI (for a case where only one PSCCH is transmitted in a unit of time, the transmission features of a PSCCH and a PSSCH can be designed similarly to those shown in Figures 23 to 26). Figures 27 to 31 illustrate only the features of the PSCCHs corresponding to the respective PSSCHs and do not show a transmission feature corresponding to the second-stage SCIs. Furthermore, in the examples illustrated in Figure 31, the first limit mentioned above is set to 3. It should be noted that the examples in Figures 27 to 31 are merely intended to assist one skilled in the art in understanding the modalities of this application, and are not intended to limit the modalities of this application to a specific value or to a specific scenario that is exemplified.Apparently, one skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or alterations based on the examples provided in Figures 27 to 31, and such modifications or alterations also fall within the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[00419] With reference to Figure 27, the first unit of time mentioned above may be a unit of time Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 121 / 591 114 / 239 No. 1 or a time unit No. 2 shown in Figure 27. In the example in Figure 27, a time unit includes two slots. The allocation of PSSCH resources in a time unit starts from the 5th symbol, i.e., A = 4. The first four symbols of a time unit can be used for AGC, and the last four symbols of a time unit are used as GPs, i.e., B = 4. Two PSSCHs are transmitted in a time unit, i.e., each slot is used to transmit one PSSCH. The 2nd slot in time unit No. 2 includes only one symbol to transmit a PSSCH. Since the number of symbols available to transmit a PSSCH, included in the 2nd slot of time unit No. 2, is less than the first limit, the data for transmitting a PSSCH in that slot is duplicate data of the first symbol or the last symbol of a PSSCH (i.e., PSSCH 1) in a previous slot.

[00420] With reference to Figure 28, the first time unit mentioned above can be either time unit #1 or time unit #2 shown in Figure 28. In the example in Figure 28, a time unit includes four slots. The allocation of PSSCH resources in a time unit starts from the 5th symbol, i.e., A = 4. The first four symbols of a time unit can be used for AGC, and the last four symbols of a time unit are used as GPs, i.e., B = 4. Four PSSCHs are transmitted in a time unit, i.e., each slot is used to transmit one PSSCH. The 4th slot of time unit #2 includes only one symbol to transmit a PSSCH. Since the number of symbols available for transmitting a PSSCH, included in the 4th slot of time unit #2, is less than the first limit, the data from the PSSCH transmission in that slot is data Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 122 / 591 115 / 239 duplicates of a previous or subsequent symbol of a PSSCH (i.e., PSSCH 3) in a previous slot.

[00421] With reference to Figure 29, the first time unit mentioned above can be either time unit #1 or time unit #2 shown in Figure 29. In the example in Figure 29, one time unit includes four slots. The allocation of PSSCH resources in a time unit starts from the 5th symbol, i.e., A = 4. The first four symbols of a time unit can be used for AGC, and the last four symbols of a time unit are used as GPs, i.e., B = 4. One time unit is used to transmit two PSSCHs, i.e., one PSSCH is transmitted every two slots. In one time unit, the first two slots are used to transmit a PSSCH 1, and the last two slots are used to transmit a PSSCH 2. Time unit #2 includes a PSFCH transmission resource.

[00422] With reference to Figure 30, the first time unit mentioned above can be either time unit #1 or time unit #2 shown in Figure 30. In the example in Figure 30, one time unit includes four slots. The allocation of PSSCH resources in a time unit begins from the 9th symbol, i.e., A = 8. The first eight symbols of a time unit can be used for AGC, and the last eight symbols of a time unit are used as GPs, i.e., B = 8. One time unit is used to transmit two PSSCHs, i.e., one PSSCH is transmitted every two slots. Time unit #2 includes one PSSCH transmission resource. The 3rd slot in time unit #2 includes three symbols to transmit one PSSCH. As the number of symbols available to transmit one PSSCH, Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 123 / 591 116 / 239 included in the 3rd slot of time unit no. 2, is equal to the first limit, a PSSCH, that is, a PSSCH 2 shown in Figure 30, can be transmitted in the slot (slot n+6 in Figure 30).

[00423] With reference to Figure 31, the first time unit mentioned above can be either time unit #1 or time unit #2 shown in Figure 31. In the example in Figure 31, one time unit includes four slots. The allocation of PSSCH resources in a time unit starts from the 9th symbol, i.e., A = 8. The first eight symbols of a time unit can be used for AGC, and the last eight symbols of a time unit are used as GPs, i.e., B = 8. One time unit is used to transmit two PSSCHs, i.e., one PSSCH is transmitted every two slots. Time unit #2 includes one PSSCH transmission resource. The 3rd slot in time unit #2 includes three symbols to transmit one PSSCH.Since the number of symbols available to transmit a PSSCH, included in the 3rd slot of time unit #2, is equal to the first limit, a PSSCH, i.e., a PSSCH 2 shown in Figure 31, can be transmitted in the slot (i.e., slot n+6 in Figure 31). A symbol used as GP (i.e., the third guard symbol mentioned above) is included between two adjacent PSSCHs in a time unit, and this symbol can be used by a transmitting end device to switch a transmit beam.

[00424] In Mode 2.3, a plurality of TBs is transmitted using the first time unit, so that a peak rate of a communication system can be improved. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 124 / 591 117 / 239 MODE 3: METHOD FOR DETERMINING A TBS

[00425] The PSSCH transmission mode is described above in detail with reference to Mode 2. For PSSCH transmission, it is necessary to determine a TBS corresponding to PSSCH. The TBS corresponding to PSSCH can be determined based on a transmission resource corresponding to PSSCH. It should be understood that, in the absence of conflict, Mode 3 can be applied to multiple modes in Mode 2.

[00426] In some implementations, a TBS corresponding to a PSSCH in a first time unit can be determined based on one or more of a first parameter to a fourth parameter (detailed descriptions of the first parameter and the fourth parameter are provided below).

[00427] In some implementations, the first parameter can be determined based on a number of resource elements (resource element, RE). Alternatively, the first parameter can represent a number of REs. For example, the first parameter can represent a number of REs available for PSSCH transmission in a PRB or a frequency band (such as 12 subcarriers) corresponding to a PRB. The first parameter can be denoted, for example, by NRE. A number of REs included in a PSSCH transmission resource, NRE (or a number of REs available for PSSCH transmission in an assigned PSSCH transmission resource, NRE), can be determined based on the first parameter NRE.

[00428] In some implementations, the second parameter can be determined based on a quantity of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 125 / 591 118 / 239 PRBs. Alternatively, the second parameter can represent a quantity of PRBs. The second parameter can be indicated, for example, using nPRB.

[00429] In some implementations, the third parameter can be determined based on a transmission resource occupied by the PSCCH (e.g., a number of REs occupied by the PSCCH). Alternatively, the third parameter can represent a transmission resource occupied by the PSCCH. The third parameter can be indicated, for example, by nR^1'1. For a detailed description of the third parameter, see Mode 3.2 below.

[00430] In some implementations, the fourth parameter may be determined based on a transmission resource occupied by the second-stage SCIs (e.g., a number of REs occupied by the second-stage SCIs). Alternatively, the fourth parameter may represent a transmission resource occupied by the second-stage SCIs. The fourth parameter may be indicated, for example, by Nrb1,2. For a detailed description of the fourth parameter, refer to Mode 3.3 below. MODE 3.1: FIRST PARAMETER (A PARAMETER DETERMINED BASED ON A QUANTITY OF REs)

[00431] In some implementations, the first parameter may be determined based on one or more fifth parameters to an eighth parameter (detailed descriptions of the fifth parameter to the eighth parameter are provided below).

[00432] In some implementations, the fifth parameter can be determined based on the number of symbols available to transmit a PSSCH. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 126 / 591 119 / 239 Alternatively, the fifth parameter could represent the number of symbols available to transmit a PSSCH. The fifth parameter can be indicated, for example, using dewPSSCHNsymb.

[00433] In some implementations, the sixth parameter can be determined based on a number of subcarriers (e.g., 12) in a PRB. Alternatively, the sixth parameter can represent a number of subcarriers in a PRB. The sixth parameter can be indicated, for example, by Ns^8.

[00434] In some implementations, the seventh parameter may be determined based on an overhead in a PRB or in a frequency domain band corresponding to a PRB. Alternatively, the seventh parameter may represent an overhead in a PRB or in a frequency domain band (e.g., 12 subcarriers) corresponding to a PRB. The seventh parameter may be indicated, for example, by N^8. Alternatively, the seventh parameter may represent a number of REs that cannot be used for PSSCH transmission in a PRB or in a frequency domain band corresponding to a PRB, or a number of REs occupied by another reference signal (such as a CSI-RS and / or a phase-tracking reference signal (phase-tracking reference signal, PT-RS)).

[00435] In some implementations, the seventh parameter can be determined based on preconfigured information or network device configuration information. For example, the seventh parameter can be determined based on a high-level parameter sl-X-Overhead.

[00436] In some implementations, the eighth Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 127 / 591 The 120 / 239 parameter can be determined based on the number of REs occupied by a PRB or a DMRS in a frequency domain band (e.g., 12 subcarriers) corresponding to a PRB. Alternatively, the eighth parameter can represent the number of REs occupied by a PRB or a DMRS in a frequency domain band corresponding to a PRB. Alternatively, the eighth parameter is determined based on the number of REs corresponding to one or more DMRS patterns of a PSSCH DMRS. The eighth parameter can be indicated, for example, by NRE^.

[00437] In some implementations, the eighth parameter may be determined based on preparameter information, configured information, or network device configuration information. For example, the eighth parameter may be determined based on DMRS pattern indication information in the feature set configuration information.

[00438] In one example, the first parameter NRE can be determined based on the following formula: NRE= Njc3· BMDNIRSnRE .

[00439] In the previous formula, Nj^b^ denotes the fifth, and a way to determine the fifth parameter can be found in the following text; NsR3 denotes the sixth parameter mentioned above, and NsR3= 12; N333 denotes the seventh parameter mentioned above; and NR^13 denotes the eighth parameter mentioned above.

[00440] Next, the method for determining the fifth parameter will be described in detail through the use of examples.

[00441] In some implementations, the fifth Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 128 / 591 The 121 / 239 parameter can be determined based on one or more of the following: predefined protocol information; pre-configuration information; configuration information from a network device; or indication information transmitted by a terminal device transmitting a PSSCH. For example, the feature set configuration information includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate a value for the fifth parameter. As another example, the feature set configuration information includes indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate a quantity of PSSCH symbols or a quantity of reference symbols used during the determination of a TBS, and a value for the fifth parameter can be determined based on the indication information.

[00442] In some implementations, the fifth parameter may be determined based on one or more of a ninth parameter through a fifteenth parameter (detailed descriptions of the ninth parameter through the fifteenth parameter are provided below).

[00443] In some implementations, the ninth parameter can be determined based on the number of slots corresponding to a transmission resource occupied by a PSSCH. Alternatively, the ninth parameter can represent the number of slots corresponding to a transmission resource occupied by a PSSCH. The ninth parameter can be wP.Ç.ÇCW, denoted by Ms / Ot. For example, if a first time unit is used to transmit a PSSCH, a value for the ninth parameter could be M. As another example, if a first time unit is used to transmit R PSSCHs, a value Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 129 / 591 122 / 239 of the ninth parameter can be S, where S = M / R.

[00444] In some implementations, the tenth parameter can be determined based on the number of symbols included in a slot. Alternatively, the tenth parameter can represent a number of symbols included in a slot. The tenth parameter can be indicated, for example, by N^y)l'lbol.

[00445] In some implementations, the eleventh parameter may be determined based on the number of symbols used for AGC. Alternatively, the eleventh parameter may represent a number of symbols used for AGC. Alternatively, the eleventh parameter may be determined based on an overhead for AGC. Alternatively, the eleventh parameter may represent an overhead for AGC. Alternatively, the eleventh parameter is determined based on a time interval between the 1st symbol for PSSCH transmission and the 1st symbol in a first time unit. The eleventh parameter may be indicated, for example, by N^^boi·. In one example, the eleventh parameter may be determined based on configuration information.Configuration information can be used to indicate the number of symbols for AGC that need to be considered when a TBS is determined, or the number of symbols corresponding to an AGC overload. Configuration information can be, for example, side-link BWP configuration information and / or feature set configuration information.

[00446] In some implementations, the twelfth parameter can be determined based on a number of symbols corresponding to a guard symbol. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 130 / 591 123 / 239 Alternatively, the twelfth parameter can indicate a number of symbols corresponding to a guard symbol. Alternatively, the twelfth parameter can be determined based on an overload of a guard symbol. Alternatively, the twelfth parameter can represent an overload of a guard symbol. The twelfth parameter can be indicated, for example, by N^fymboí. In one example, the twelfth parameter can be determined based on configuration information. Configuration information can be used to indicate the number of symbols corresponding to a guard symbol that needs to be considered when a TBS is determined, or configuration information can be used to indicate a number of symbols corresponding to an overload of a guard symbol that needs to be considered when a TBS is determined.Configuration information can include, for example, side-link BWP configuration information and / or feature set configuration information.

[00447] In some implementations, the thirteenth parameter can be determined based on a time-domain resource corresponding to a PSFCH. Alternatively, the thirteenth parameter can represent a time-domain resource corresponding to a PSFCH. The thirteenth parameter can be indicated, for example, by wP.ÇFCW ^symt>. A value for the thirteenth parameter can be determined based on one or more of the following: indication information from a transmission device, resource set configuration information, or side-link BWP configuration information. For example, when a quantity A of symbols is used for AGC in a unit of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 131 / 591 124 / 239 time equals 4, a quantity B of symbols used as GPs equals 4, and one symbol in the time unit is used to transmit a PSFCH, a value of the thirteenth parameter can be 9 (A+B+1, i.e., a sum of the quantity of symbols used for AGC, the quantity of symbols used as GPs, and a quantity of symbols used for PSFCH transmission) or 0. For example, a value of the thirteenth parameter can be determined based on the indication information in the SCI.

[00448] In some implementations, the fourteenth parameter may be determined based on a time interval between the 1st symbol corresponding to a PSSCH transmission resource and the 1st symbol in a time unit. Alternatively, the fourteenth parameter may represent a time interval between the 1st symbol corresponding to a PSSCH transmission resource and the 1st symbol in a time unit. The fourteenth parameter may be used equivalently or interchangeably with the eleventh parameter.

[00449] In some implementations, the fifteenth parameter may be determined based on the number of duplicate data symbols used to transmit PSSCH data in a time unit. Alternatively, the fifteenth parameter may represent the number of duplicate data symbols used to transmit PSSCH data in a time unit. For example, referring to Figure 27 mentioned above, the 2nd slot in time unit #2 includes only one symbol to transmit a PSSCH. Since the number of symbols available to transmit a PSSCH, included in the 2nd slot of time unit #2, is less than the first limit, the PSSCH transmission data in this slot is duplicate data of the first symbol or the last symbol of a PSSCH (i.e., Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 132 / 591 125 / 239 PSSCH 1) in a previous slot. Therefore, in the example in Figure 27, a value for the fifteenth parameter could be 1. As another example, referring to Figure 27, as mentioned above, the 4th slot of time unit #2 includes only one symbol for transmitting a PSSCH. Since the number of symbols available for transmitting a PSSCH, included in the 4th slot of time unit #2, is less than the first limit, the data for transmitting a PSSCH in that slot is duplicate data from a previous symbol or a subsequent symbol of a PSSCH (i.e., PSSCH 3) in a previous slot. Therefore, in the example of Figure 28, a value for the fifteenth parameter can be 1.

[00450] A specific example of a way to determine the fifth parameter is provided below.

[00451] For example, a first time unit includes two slots, and both slots are used to transmit a PSSCH. In the first time unit, a quantity A of symbols used for AGC is equal to 4, and a quantity B of symbols used as guard symbols is equal to 4. One of the two slots includes N^y^boi = 14 symbols. If a PSSCH period is configured as a time unit, that is, each time unit includes a PSSCH resource, the fifth parameter PSSCH Ngymb (i.e., the number of symbols available to transmit a PSSCH in the first unit of time) can be determined according to the following formula: NPSS£H= N^sSch· Nsloth- - NaGC ,-Ngp„ ,- NPSFCHsymb sisiOf ''symbol ^symbol ^symbol 'yymb

[00452] In the above formula, Nm^ denotes the ninth PSSCH aAGG. parameter mentioned above and Nslot= 2; Nsymboldenotes the tenth aAGG. λ giGP first parameter mentioned above, and Nsymbol= 4; Nsymboldenotes the twelfth parameter mentioned above, and NGPmbOl = 4 ; Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 133 / 591 126 / 239 wP.ÇFCW TT - - Nsymb denotes the thirteenth parameter mentioned above and ^psfch 9lymmb ' MODE 3.2: A THIRD PARAMETER (A PARAMETER DETERMINED BASED ON A TRANSMISSION RESOURCE OCCUPIED BY A PSCCH)

[00453] In some implementations, the third parameter (denoted as N^1'1) can be determined based on the transmission resource (denoted as N'^'1} occupied by the PSCCH. The transmission resource occupied by the PSCCH may include a transmission resource occupied by the PSCCH and a transmission resource occupied by a PSCCH DMRS.

[00454] In some implementations, the third parameter may be represented by a number of REs.

[00455] In some implementations, if a PSSCH is transmitted in the first time unit and only one PSCCH is transmitted in the first time unit, the third parameter is determined based on a transmission resource occupied by a PSCCH. In this implementation, N^1'1 can be equal to N'%%'1. Alternatively, N'^1'1 and N'^1,1 can be understood as the same parameter. In this case, N'^1,1 is determined based on the transmission resource occupied by the PSCCH.

[00456] In some implementations, if the first time unit is used to transmit a plurality of PSSCHs, the plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to the same TB, and the first time unit is used to transmit only one PSCCH, then the third parameter is determined based on the transmission resource occupied by the single PSCCH. In this implementation, N^1'1 can be equal to N'^'1. Alternatively, Ni'e1'1 and N're'1 can be understood as the same parameter. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 134 / 591 127 / 239 In this case, N'^'1 is determined based on the transmission resource occupied by the PSCCH.

[00457] In some implementations, if the first time unit is used to transmit a plurality of PSSCHs, and the plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to a plurality of different TBs, and the first time unit is used to transmit only one PSCCH, then the third parameter is determined based on the transmission resource occupied by the single PSCCH. In this implementation, N^1'1 = N'^'1. Alternatively, N^1'1 and N'^1'1 can be understood as the same parameter. In this case, N'^'1 is determined based on the transmission resource occupied by the PSCCH.

[00458] In some implementations, if the first time unit is used to transmit a plurality of PSSCHs, and the plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to a plurality of different TBs, and the first time unit is used to transmit a plurality of PSCCHs, then the third parameter is determined based on a transmission resource occupied by a PSCCH corresponding to the PSSCH. For example, Nj^1'1 = N'j^1'1 (or Nj^^1,1 and N'^1'1 can be understood as the same parameter). In this case, N'j^1'1 is determined based on a transmission resource occupied by a PSCCH corresponding to the PSSCH. Alternatively, the third parameter is determined based on one or more of the following: a sum of the transmission resources occupied by the plurality of PSCCHs, or a quantity of the plurality of PSCCHs (or a quantity of TBs transmitted in the first time unit, i.e., the value of R mentioned above).For example, Nj^1'1= ^>i=1N'^^e1'1 / R , where N / ^EI'j1 is determined based on a. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 135 / 591 128 / 239 The amount of RE corresponding to a transmission resource of the i° PSCCH, that is, a TBS of a PSSCH is determined based on an average value of the amount of RE of the transmission resources of all PSCCH transmitted in the first time unit. MODE 3.3: A FOURTH PARAMETER (A PARAMETER DETERMINED BASED ON A TRANSMISSION RESOURCE OCCUPIED BY SECOND-STAGE SCIs)

[00459] In some implementations, the fourth parameter (denoted as N^1'2) can be determined based on a transmission resource (denoted as N'rCe1,2) occupied by the second-stage SCIs.

[00460] In some implementations, the fourth parameter can be represented by a number of REs.

[00461] In some implementations, if a PSSCH is transmitted in the first time unit and only a second-stage SCI is transmitted in the first time unit, the fourth parameter is determined based on the transmission resources occupied by the second-stage SCIs. For example, NfiE1'2 = N'^E'2. Alternatively, N^E''2 and N'ECE1,2 can be understood as the same parameter. In this case, N'^.''2 is determined based on the transmission resource occupied by the second-stage SCIs.

[00462] In some implementations, if the first time unit is used to transmit a plurality of PSSCHs, the plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to the same TB, and the first time unit is used to transmit only one second-stage SCI, then the fourth parameter is determined based on a transmission resource occupied by the single SCI. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 136 / 591 129 / 239 of the second stage. For example, nRRE1'2 = N'RE1'2. Alternatively, N^1'2 and N'^E1,2 can be understood as the same parameter. In this case, N'Rce1,2 is determined based on the transmission resource occupied by the second-stage SCIs.

[00463] In some implementations, if the first time unit is used to transmit a plurality of PSSCHs, the plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to a plurality of different TBs, and the first time unit is used to transmit only one second-stage SCI, then the fourth parameter is determined based on a transmission resource occupied by the single second-stage SCI. For example, nRu?'2 = N'RRe'2. Alternatively, NRE1'2 and N'RRe'2 can be understood as the same parameter. In this case, N'^1,2 is determined based on the transmission resource occupied by the second-stage SCIs.

[00464] In some implementations, if the first time unit is used to transmit a plurality of PSSCHs, the plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to a plurality of different TBs, and the first time unit is used to transmit a plurality of second-stage SCIs, so the fourth parameter is determined based on a transmission resource occupied by the second-stage SCIs corresponding to the PSSCH. For example, Nre = N re (or Nre e N'rCe1,2 can be understood as the same parameter). In this case, N'RCe1,2 is determined based on a transmission resource occupied by the second-stage SICs corresponding to the PSSCH. Alternatively, the fourth parameter is determined based on one or more of the following: the sum of the transmission resources occupied by the plurality of second-stage SICs, or the Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 137 / 591 130 / 239 quantity of plurality of second-stage SICs (or the quantity of TBs transmitted in the first time unit, i.e., the value of R mentioned above). For example, N^1'2= 2f=iN'^R1,2 / R , where N'^R1,2 is determined based on a quantity of RE corresponding to a transmission resource of the i' second-stage SCI, i.e., a TBS of a PSSCH is determined based on an average value of the quantity of RE of the transmission resources of all second-stage SCIs transmitted in the first time unit.

[00465] The following provides a specific way to determine the number of Nrede REs included in a PSSCH transmission resource with reference to a specific example.

[00466] For example, the number of NREde REs included in the PSSCH transmission resource can be determined by the following formula: Nre = N'E · nPRB- NRE1·1- N™'2

[00467] In the previous formula, N^1,1 is determined based on N'^1,1 (for details, reference can be made to the method of determining the third parameter described above) and nRE1·2 is determined based on N'RfE'2 (for details, reference can be made to the method of determining the fourth parameter described above). [004 68] N'Re'2 can be determined by the following formula: 'PSSCHQSEI2 = min(OseI2 + LecI2 )·β SEI2 offset QiSE12· R SSCH _ -η \rmbol1I Σ MlcEI2(l) [ 1=0) 'symbol

[00469] In this document, QsEI2 denotes the Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 138 / 591 131 / 239 number of symbols after the second-stage ICs are encoded and modulated. N'^* 1'2= Q'SCI2; and OSCI2 denotes the number of information bits corresponding to the second-stage ICs. LScI2 denotes the number of bits for cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of the second-stage ICs. Po^set can be determined based on the indication information “Beta_offset indicator” in the first-stage SCIs. MfcSSCH(Z) denotes the number of subcarriers corresponding to the frequency domain resources of a PSSCH. MfcSCCH(Z) denotes the number of subcarriers corresponding to the frequency domain resources of a PSCCH. M|'cCI2(Z) denotes the number of REs available to transmit the second-stage SCIs in an n H7PSSCW nPSSHH symbol l, Ζ = 0,1,2 ···, N^,rnbol— 1 , where N^y,inbol can be determined based on the fifth parameter.Y denotes the number of blank REs in a PRB where the last symbol of the second-stage SCI is located. R denotes the code rate determined based on MCS indication information in the first-stage SCI. a is determined based on a higher-level configuration parameter. MODE 4: A FEEDBACK MECHANISM LATERAL LINK BASED ON A FIRST UNIT OF TIME

[00470] It should be understood that the side-link feedback mechanism described in Mode 4 can be implemented based on the time unit structure, including a PSFCH transmission feature provided in Mode 1. In the absence of conflict, the content of Mode 4 can be combined with the content of Mode 1. For example, the first A symbols of the first unit of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 139 / 591 132 / 239 time signatures in Mode 4 can be used as AGCs. As another example, the last B symbols of the first time signature in Mode 4 are guard symbols and can be used as GPs. Furthermore, in the absence of conflict, the side-link feedback mechanism described in Mode 4 can be arbitrarily combined with the PSSCH transmission mode and the way of determining a TBS provided in Mode 2 and Mode 3. For example, the first time unit can be used to simultaneously transmit a PSSCH and a PSFCH. The PSSCH can be transmitted based on the manner described in Mode 2 and determine a TBS in the manner described in Mode 3. The PSFCH can be used to perform feedback based on the side-link feedback mechanism described in Mode 4. As another example, the first time unit can be used to transmit a PSFCH, and the PSFCH can be used for side-link feedback on a PSSCH transmitted in a second time unit.The second time unit can be used to transmit a PSSCH based on the manner described in Mode 2 and determine a TBS based on the manner described in Mode 3. The first time unit can be used to transmit a PSFCH based on the manner described in Mode 4, thus performing side-link feedback based on a time unit.

[00471] Figure 32 is a schematic flowchart of a side-link transmission method according to one embodiment of this application. The method illustrated in Figure 32 can be executed by a first terminal device. The first terminal device can be any type of terminal device mentioned above, for example, it can be the device Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 140 / 591 133 / 239 terminal 120 in Figure 1.

[00472] The method in Figure 32 includes the S3210 step, that is, the first terminal device receives or transmits a first PSFCH in a first unit of time.

[00473] It should be noted that the first PSFCH in the modalities of this request is used to carry side-link feedback information or conflict indication information, which is not limited to the modalities of this request. The following description is made using an example where the first PSFCH is used to carry side-link feedback information.

[00474] In some implementations, the first PSFCH is used to carry the first side-link feedback information corresponding to one or more PSSCHs in a second time unit. The first side-link feedback information may be the HARQ information.

[00475] Similar to the first time unit, the second time unit is also a time unit including M consecutive slots. The descriptions of the first time unit mentioned in the embodiments of this application may be applicable to the second time unit. [0047 6] In general, the format of a PSFCH can be defined from one or more perspectives, such as the amount of bits of side-link feedback information included in the PSFCH, a frequency domain resource occupied by the PSFCH, or a time domain resource occupied by the PSFCH. A format of the first PSFCH transmitted in the first time unit is not limited in this regard and can be designed according to a real requirement. The following Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 141 / 591 134 / 239 describes the format of the first PSFCH in detail from a plurality of perspectives in combination with Modality 4.1 to Modality 4.3. MODE 4.1: A QUANTITY OF BITS OF Side-link feedback information transported by a first PSFCH

[00477] As mentioned above, the first PSFCH is used to carry the first side-link feedback information. The first side-link feedback information is used to perform side-link feedback on one or more PSSCHs in a second unit of time.

[00478] In some implementations, the first side-link feedback information may be 1-bit side-link feedback information.

[00479] In some implementations, the first side-link feedback information may be multi-bit side-link feedback information.

[00480] In some implementations, the number of bits included in the first side-link feedback information can be determined based on the number of TBs transmitted in a second time unit. For example, if the second time unit is used to transmit one TB, the first side-link feedback information is 1-bit side-link feedback information; if the second time unit is used to transmit a plurality of TBs, the first side-link feedback information is multi-bit side-link feedback information. In other Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 142 / 591 135 / 239 words, a quantity of bits included in the first side link feedback information can be equal to a quantity of TBs transmitted in the second unit of time.

[00481] Different bit quantities of the first side-link feedback information correspond to different forms of feedback that correspond to the first PSFCH, which is described below in combination with a plurality of modes. MODE 4.1.1: THE FIRST SIDE-LINK FEEDBACK INFORMATION IS 1-BIT SIDE-LINK FEEDBACK INFORMATION.

[00482] In some implementations, one or more PSSCHs in the second time unit are used to carry a TB (see the descriptions of Mode 2.1 and Mode 2.2 above). In this case, the first side-link feedback information may be the side-link feedback information corresponding to a TB. For example, a value corresponding to ACK is 1 and a value corresponding to NACK is 0. If the TB is received correctly, the value of the first 1-bit side-link feedback information is 1, indicating ACK; if the TB is not received correctly, the value of the first 1-bit side-link feedback information is 0, indicating NACK.

[00483] In some implementations, one or more PSSCHs in the second time unit are used to transport a plurality of TBs (see the descriptions of Mode 2.3 above). In this case, the first side-link feedback information can be determined based on the side-link feedback information. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 143 / 591 136 / 239 corresponding to the plurality of TBs. For example, bundling processing can be performed on the side-link feedback information corresponding to the plurality of TBs. There are many ways to perform bundling processing. For example, bundling processing can be performed on the side-link feedback information corresponding to the plurality of TBs based on an AND operation or an OR operation, to obtain a 1-bit operation result. Multi-bit side-link feedback information is bundled into 1-bit side-link feedback information, and feedback is performed using a PSFCH, and a feedback mechanism of a PSFCH format (i.e., a PSFCH 0 format, in which a PSFCH carries 1-bit feedback information) provided by a related technology can be used to a greater extent.

[00484] For example, in one possible implementation, the first side-link feedback information is determined based on the result of the AND operation of the side-link feedback information corresponding, respectively, to a plurality of TBs. If all side-link feedback information corresponding to the plurality of TBs is ACK, the value of the first side-link feedback information is a first value (for example, it might be 1). Alternatively, if the side-link feedback information corresponding to at least one TB in the plurality of TBs is NACK, the value of the first side-link feedback information will be a second value (for example, it might be 0). In a more specific example, if the value of a bit of the Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 144 / 591 137 / 239 first side link feedback information being 1 indicates ACK, being 0 indicates NACK, and the second time unit is used to transmit four TBs that correspond, respectively, to the 4-bit side link feedback information, the result of the “AND operation” is 1 only when the 4-bit side link feedback information is all ACK (that is, the values ​​of the 4-bit side link feedback information are all 1), otherwise, the result of the “AND operation” is 0.

[00485] As another example, in another possible implementation, the first side-link feedback information is determined based on the result of the OR operation of the side-link feedback information corresponding, respectively, to a plurality of TBs. For example, if at least one side-link feedback information in the side-link feedback information corresponding to the plurality of TBs is ACK, the value of the first side-link feedback information is a first value (for example, it might be 1). As another example, if all side-link feedback information corresponding to the plurality of TBs is NACK, the value of the first side-link feedback information will be a second value (for example, it might be 0).In a more specific example, if a bit value of the first side-link feedback information being 1 indicates ACK, being 0 indicates NACK, and the second time unit is used to transmit four TBs that correspond respectively to the 4-bit side-link feedback information, the result of the OR operation is 1 if the 4-bit side-link feedback information includes ACK (or 0). Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 145 / 591 138 / 239, that is, a value of at least one of the 4-bit side link feedback pieces is 1), otherwise the result of the OR operation is 0.

[00486] In some implementations, one or more PSSCHs in the second time unit are used to carry a plurality of TBs (see the descriptions of Modality 2.3 above). The plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to a plurality of PSFCHs, respectively (the first PSFCH mentioned above may be one of the plurality of PSFCHs), and the plurality of PSFCHs is used to carry side-link feedback information corresponding to a plurality of TBs, respectively. The plurality of PSFCHs may be used to perform side-link feedback simultaneously on the plurality of PSFCHs.

[00487] In some implementations, the entire plurality of PSFCHs may contain 1-bit side-link feedback information. In this way, a feedback mechanism of a PSFCH format (i.e., a PSFCH 0 format, in which a PSFCH carries 1-bit feedback information) provided by a related technology may be used to a greater extent.

[00488] The plurality of PSFCHs can be distinguished from each other using one or more of the time domain, frequency domain, or code domain.

[00489] In some implementations, the plurality of PSFCHs corresponds to the same time-domain feature and different frequency-domain features. An example corresponding to this implementation is provided below with reference to Figure 33, and the details are described below.

[00490] In some implementations, the resources in Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 146 / 591 139 / 239 time domains corresponding to the plurality of PSFCHs are the same, and the plurality of PSFCHs corresponds to different code domain features.

[00491] In some implementations, the plurality of PSFCHs corresponds to different resources in the time domain and corresponds to the same resource in the frequency domain.

[00492] In some implementations, the plurality of PSFCHs corresponds to different features in the time domain and different features in the frequency domain. An example corresponding to this implementation is provided below with reference to Figure 34, and the details are described below.

[00493] In some implementations, the plurality of PSFCHs corresponds to different time-domain resources and different code-domain resources. MODALITY 4.1.2: THE FIRST INFORMATION OF Side-link feedback refers to multi-bit side-link feedback information.

[00494] In some implementations, one or more PSSCHs in the second time unit are used to carry a plurality of TBs (see the descriptions of Mode 2.3 above). Correspondingly, the multi-bit side-link feedback information in a first PSFCH corresponds to the plurality of TBs, respectively. In other words, the multi-bit side-link feedback information is used to indicate that the side-link feedback results in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of TBs, respectively. An example corresponding to this implementation is provided below with reference to Figure 35, and the details are described below. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 147 / 591 140 / 239 MODALITY 4.2: A FREQUENCY DOMAIN RESOURCE FOR A FIRST PSFCH

[00495] In some implementations, the first PSFCH occupies a PRB in the frequency domain.

[00496] In some implementations, if the first PSFCH occupies a PRB in the frequency domain, the first PSFCH may carry the first side-link feedback information based on a first sequence. The length of the first sequence is determined based on the number of subcarriers included in a PRB. For example, the length of the first sequence is equal to the number of subcarriers included in a PRB. The first sequence can be mapped to a PRB occupied by the first PSFCH.

[00497] In some implementations, the first PSFCH occupies a plurality of PRBs in the frequency domain.

[00498] In some implementations, if the first PSFCH occupies a plurality of PRBs in the frequency domain, the first PSFCH may carry the first side-link feedback information based on a first sequence. The length of the first sequence can be determined based on the number of subcarriers included in a PRB (e.g., the length of the first sequence is equal to the number of subcarriers included in a PRB, as the length of the first sequence is equal to 12). The first sequence can be mapped to a PRB (hereinafter referred to as PRB 1) in a plurality of PRBs occupied by the first PSFCH, and the data in the remaining PRBs, except PRB 1, in the plurality of PRBs can be determined based on the first sequence. For example, the data in each of the remaining PRBs could be Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 148 / 591 141 / 239 duplicate data from the data in PRB 1. As another example, the data in each PRB in the remaining PRBs can be determined based on the first sequence multiplied by a rotation factor.

[00499] In some implementations, if the first PSFCH occupies a plurality of PRBs in the frequency domain, the first PSFCH carries the first side-link feedback information based on a second sequence. The length of the second sequence can be determined based on a product of the number of PRB pluralities and the number of subcarriers included in a PRB. For example, the length of the second sequence can be equal to the product of the number of PRB pluralities and the number of subcarriers included in a PRB. As another example, the length of the second sequence can be determined based on a maximum prime number that is less than or equal to the product of the number of PRB pluralities and the number of subcarriers included in a PRB. For example, assuming the product of the number of PRB pluralities and the number of subcarriers included in a PRB is 132, the length of the second sequence could be 131.After determining the length of the second sequence, the second sequence can be mapped to the plurality of PRBs occupied by the first PSFCH.

[00500] It should be noted that Mode 4.2 can be combined with Mode 4.1 in any way. For example, when the first PSFCH includes 1-bit information, the first PSFCH can occupy a PRB in the frequency domain or it can occupy a plurality of PRBs in the frequency domain. As another example, when the first PSFCH includes Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 149 / 591 142 / 239 multi-bit information, the first PSFCH can occupy a PRB or a plurality of PRBs in the frequency domain. MODALITY 4.3: A PSFCH TIME DOMAIN FEATURE IN A FIRST TIME UNIT (THE PSFCH TIME DOMAIN FEATURE INCLUDES A TIME DOMAIN FEATURE CORRESPONDING TO THE FIRST PSFCH MENTIONED ABOVE)

[00501] In some implementations, the PSFCH timedomain feature in the first time unit may include K symbols. K symbols may include K1 symbols and K2 symbols. The K1 symbols are used to transmit a PSFCH, and the data in the K2 symbols are duplicate data of the data in the K1 symbols, where K1 and K2 are positive integers, and K is equal to a sum of K1 and K2. A value of K1 may be 1 or greater than 1 (for example, it may be 2 or A). For descriptions of K, K1, and K2, reference may be made to Mode 1.4 above, and the details are not described again in this document.

[00502] In some implementations, the value of K1 is determined based on the number of TBs transmitted in a second time unit. For example, when the second time unit is used to transmit one TB, the value of K1 is 1; when the second time unit is used to transmit a plurality of TBs, the value of K1 is greater than 1. In other words, K1 can be equal to the number of TBs transmitted in the second time unit.

[00503] In some implementations, the value of K is determined based on the number of TBs transmitted in the second time unit. For example, when the second time unit is used to transmit one TB, the value of K is 5 (1 symbol is used to transmit a PSFCH and 4 symbols are...) Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 150 / 591 143 / 239 used for AGC); when the second time unit is used to transmit a plurality of TBs, the value of K1 is greater than 5 (a plurality of symbols is used to transmit a PSFCH and 4 symbols are used for AGC).

[00504] In some implementations, when K1 is greater than 1, the number of symbols corresponding to the first PSFCH may be less than K1, and the K1 symbols are used for repeating the transmission of a plurality of the first PSFCHs. In other words, the K1 symbols can transmit a plurality of PSFCHs, and the side-link feedback information carried in the plurality of PSFCHs is the same as the side-link feedback information carried in the first PSFCH; that is, the plurality of PSFCHs is used for repeating the transmission of the side-link feedback information carried in the first PSFCH. Based on the time-domain repetition of PSFCH transmission, the PSFCH detection performance can be improved.

[00505] In some implementations, different PSFCHs of the plurality of PSFCHs (including the first PSFCH) in the K1 symbols correspond to the same feature in the frequency domain.

[00506] In some implementations, different PSFCHs in the plurality of PSFCHs (including the first PSFCH) in the K1 symbols correspond to different frequency domain features.

[00507] In some implementations, different PSFCHs aa plurality of PSFCHs (including the first PSFCH) in the K1 symbols correspond to the same code domain feature. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 151 / 591 144 / 239

[00508] In some implementations, different PSFCHs in the plurality of PSFCHs (including the first PSFCH) in the K1 symbols correspond to different code domain features.

[00509] In some implementations, when K1 is greater than 1, the number of symbols corresponding to the first PSFCH is K1. In other words, the first PSFCH occupies the K1 symbols (i.e., the number of symbols occupied by the first PSFCH in the time domain is greater than 1). For example, the side link feedback information corresponding to the first PSFCH can be mapped to transmission features corresponding to the K1 symbols after being subjected to channel encoding and modulation.

[00510] In some implementations, the transmission resources corresponding to the K1 symbols are still used to transmit a DMRS. The DMRS is a DMRS PSFCH.

[00511] It should be noted that Mode 4.3 can be combined with Mode 4.1 and / or Mode 4.2 in any way. For example, when the first PSFCH includes 1-bit information, the first PSFCH can occupy a PRB or a plurality of PRBs in the frequency domain, and the first PSFCH can occupy a symbol or a plurality of symbols in the time domain. As another example, when the first PSFCH includes multi-bit information, the first PSFCH can occupy a PRB or a plurality of PRBs in the frequency domain, and the first PSFCH can occupy a symbol or a plurality of symbols in the time domain.

[00512] The above describes the PSFCH format in detail in combination with Mode 4.1 to Mode 4.3. More specific examples of the formats are provided below. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 152 / 591 145 / 239 PSFCH. A PSFCH (like the first PSFCH mentioned above) in the first time unit can use any of the plurality of PSFCH formats described below. EXAMPLE 1: A PSFCH 1 FORMAT

[00513] If a PSFCH uses the PSFCH 1 format, the PSFCH will carry 1-bit side link feedback information. Furthermore, the PSFCH is mapped to a symbol in the time domain, and the PSFCH occupies a PRB in the frequency domain.

[00514] A time-domain resource of the PSFCH corresponding to the PSFCH may include K symbols, and K = K1 + K2. K1 symbols (corresponding to the last K1 symbols in the K symbols) in the K symbols are used to transmit the PSFCH. Data in the K2 symbols (corresponding to the first K2 symbols in the K symbols) in the K symbols are duplicate data of the data in the K1 symbols. The K2 symbols may be used by a receiving device to perform AGC adjustment.

[00515] The 1-bit side link feedback information in PSFCH can be carried by a first sequence, where the length of the first sequence is 12.

[00516] If only one TB is transmitted in a time unit associated with the PSFCH (for example, only one PSSCH is transmitted in the time unit, or a plurality of PSSCHs is transmitted in the time unit and the plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to the same TB), the 1-bit side-link feedback information carried by the PSFCH is the side-link feedback information for the one TB.

[00517] If a plurality of TBs is transmitted Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 153 / 591 146 / 239 in a time unit associated with the PSFCH (for example, a plurality of PSSCHs is transmitted in the time unit and the plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to different TBs), since the PSFCH can only carry 1-bit side link feedback, side link feedback can be performed using any of Methods 1 to 3 described below.

[00518] In Method 1, the side-link feedback information corresponding to the plurality of TBs is grouped for feedback. For example, the packing process can be performed on a plurality of side-link feedback information corresponding to the plurality of TBs. The packing process can be, for example, an AND operation of a plurality of bits, the result of the AND operation is 1 bit, and the result of the operation can be fed back using a PSFCH. For example, if a bit value is 1, it indicates ACK; if a bit value is 0, it indicates NACK. Four TBs are transmitted in the time unit associated with the PSFCH and, respectively, correspond to the 4-bit side-link feedback information. In this case, only when all the 4-bit feedback information is ACK, i.e., the values ​​of all four bits are 1, is the result of the AND operation 1; otherwise, the result of the AND operation is 0.Multi-bit side-link feedback information is grouped into 1 bit and fed back using PSFCH, so that the PSFCH 0 format feedback mechanism can be used to the greatest extent possible.

[00519] In Way 2, a plurality of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 154 / 591 147 / 239 side-link feedback information corresponding to the plurality of TBs is carried respectively by a plurality of PSFCHs. The plurality of PSFCHs adopts the PSFCH 1 format. The plurality of PSFCHs is located on the same time-domain resource, and the plurality of PSFCHs corresponds to different frequency-domain resources or code-domain resources. In Method 2, the side-link feedback information corresponding to different TBs is fed back using different PSFCHs, respectively, so that a slot-based PSFCH feedback format and feedback mechanism can be reused as much as possible, and side-link feedback is carried out simultaneously on a plurality of PSFCHs.

[00520] For example, Figure 33 illustrates eight time units in a set of resources (i.e., time unit #0 to time unit #7 in Figure 33). A time unit includes two intervals, and a period of a PSFCH is two time units. The PSFCH is located in time units #1, #3, #5, #7, or similar. A time interval between the PSFCH and a PSFCH transmission resource associated with the PSFCH is 2, i.e., two time units. A PSFCH transmission resource includes five symbols; one symbol (i.e., K1 = 1) is used to transmit the PSFCH, and the remaining 4 symbols (i.e., K2 = 4) are used for AGC. For simplicity, an AGC symbol located at the beginning of a time unit is not shown in Figure 33. Two PSSCHs are transmitted in time unit #2, which are PSSCH 1 and PSSCH 2, respectively. Transmission features of PSSCHs corresponding to PSSCH 1 and PSSCH 2 are shown. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 155 / 591 148 / 239 are located in time unit #5. Furthermore, PSSCH 1 and PSSCH 2 correspond to PSFCH 1 and PSFCH 2, respectively; each PSFCH carries 1-bit side link feedback information, and each PSFCH occupies a PRB in the frequency domain. As can be seen in Figure 33, PSFCH 1 and PSFCH 2 correspond to the same time domain feature, but PSFCH 1 and PSFCH 2 correspond to different frequency domain features.

[00521] In Method 3, a plurality of side-link feedback information corresponding to a plurality of TBs is carried respectively by a plurality of PSFCHs, and the plurality of PSFCHs adopts the PSFCH 1 format. The plurality of PSFCHs is located in different time-domain resources, and the plurality of PSFCHs corresponds to the same frequency-domain resource or the same code-domain resource, or the plurality of PSFCHs corresponds to different frequency-domain resources or different code-domain resources. In Method 3, the side-link feedback information corresponding to different TBs is fed back using different PSFCHs, respectively, so that a slot-based PSFCH feedback format and feedback mechanism can be reused as much as possible, and side-link feedback is carried out simultaneously in a plurality of PSFCHs.

[00522] For example, Figure 34 illustrates eight time units in a set of features (i.e., time unit #0 to time unit #7 in Figure 34). A time unit includes two intervals and a period. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 156 / 591 The 149 / 239 of a PSFCH is two time units. The PSFCH is located in time units #1, #3, #5, #7, or similar. A time interval (a minimum time interval) between a PSFCH transmission resource and a PSSCH transmission resource corresponding to the PSFCH is 2, i.e., two time units. The PSFCH transmission resource includes six (i.e., K = 6) symbols, of which two symbols are used to transmit PSFCHs (i.e., K1 = 2, corresponding to the last two symbols of the six symbols). A PSFCH transmitted in each of the two symbols corresponds to a PSSCH in one time unit, and the remaining four symbols are used for AGC (i.e., K2 = 4, corresponding to the first four symbols of the six symbols). For simplicity, an AGC symbol located at an initial position of one time unit is not shown in Figure 34.In Figure 34, two PSSCHs (including PSSCH 1 and PSSCH 2) are transmitted in time unit #2, and the transmission resources of the PSFCHs corresponding to the two PSSCHs are located in time unit #5. Furthermore, PSSCH 1 in time unit #2 corresponds to a PSFCH 1, and PSSCH 2 in time unit #2 corresponds to a PSFCH 2. PSFCH 1 is located in the penultimate symbol corresponding to a PSFCH transmission resource in time unit #5, i.e., the 1st symbol used for PSFCH transmission (not including the first four symbols used for AGC), and PSFCH 2 is located in the last symbol of the PSFCH transmission resource in time unit #5, i.e., the 2nd symbol used for PSFCH transmission (not including the first four symbols used for AGC). As can be seen in Figure 34, PSFCH 1 and PSFCH 2 have different features in the frequency domain. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 157 / 591 150 / 239

[00523] It should be noted that Method 2 and Method 3 can be used in combination to transmit a plurality of PSFCHs, and each PSFCH carries 1 bit of side-link feedback information. For example, a plurality of TBs corresponds to J bits of side-link feedback information, the J bits of side-link feedback information are carried by J PSFCHs, and each PSFCH carries 1 bit of side-link feedback information. Ι = Σί=1ι / ί, where Ji denotes a quantity of PSFCHs transmitted in the i-th symbol, and Ji is an integer greater than or equal to 0. That is, the J PSFCHs are transmitted in K1 symbols, and 0, 1 or more PSFCHs can be transmitted in each symbol. The same quantity of PSFCHs or different quantities of PSFCHs can be transmitted in the respective symbols. EXAMPLE 2: A PSFCH 2 FORMAT

[00524] If a PSFCH uses the PSFCH 2 format, the PSFCH will carry 1-bit side-link feedback information. A PSFCH is mapped to a symbol in the time domain, and a PSFCH occupies Q PRBs in the frequency domain, where Q is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. When Q equals 1, the PSFCH 2 format is equivalent to the PSFCH 1 format. When Q is greater than 1, it is equivalent to a PSFCH being transmitted via a plurality of PRBs. When there is a limitation on power spectrum density (power spectrum density, PSD), the transmission power of the side-link feedback information can be increased by transmitting a plurality of PRBs, thus improving detection performance.

[00525] A time-domain resource of PSFCH Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 158 / 591 The 151 / 239 corresponding to the PSFCH may include K symbols, and K = K1 + K2. K1 symbols (corresponding to the last K1 symbols in the K symbols) in the K symbols are used to transmit the PSFCH. Data in the K2 symbols (corresponding to the first K2 symbols in the K symbols) in the K symbols are duplicate data of the data in the K1 symbols. K2 symbols may be used by a receiving device to perform AGC adjustment.

[00526] Optionally, 1-bit side-link feedback information can be carried by a first sequence, where the length of the first sequence is 12. The first sequence is mapped to a PRB. When Q is greater than 1, the data in the remaining PRBs of the Q PRBs can be determined based on the first sequence.

[00527] Optionally, the 1-bit side link feedback information can be carried by a second sequence. A length of the second sequence is Q· N$ where the second sequence is mapped to all subcarriers corresponding to the Q PRBs, where Nj^ denotes a quantity of subcarriers included in a PRB.

[00528] For the PSFCH 2 format, side-link feedback information can be transported in a similar manner to Methods 1, 2, or 3 mentioned in the PSFCH 1 format.

[00529] For example, for Method 1, multi-bit side-link feedback information can be grouped into side-link feedback. For example, an AND operation can be performed on a plurality of bits piece by piece to generate 1-bit side-link feedback, and the information Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 159 / 591 152 / 239 side link feedback can be transported by the PSFCH 2 format.

[00530] As another example, for Way 2, the side-link feedback information corresponding to each TB in the plurality of TBs can be carried by a Format 2 PSFCH, and the side-link feedback information corresponding to the plurality of TBs corresponds to a plurality of Format 2 PSFCHs, respectively. The plurality of Format 2 PSFCHs has the same time-domain feature, and the plurality of Format 2 PSFCHs corresponds to different frequency-domain and / or code-domain features.

[00531] For example, for Way 3, the side-link feedback information of each bit in the multi-bit side-link feedback information corresponds to a Form 2 PSFCH in one of the K1 symbols, and different parts of the side-link feedback information are carried, respectively, by Form 2 PSFCHs in different symbols of the K1 symbols. EXAMPLE 3: A PSFC 3 FORMAT

[00532] If a PSFCH uses the PSFCH 3 format, the PSFCH will carry Y bits of side-link feedback information. Furthermore, a PSFCH is mapped to a symbol in the time domain and occupies Z PRBs in the frequency domain. Y can be a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and Z can be a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. When Y = 1, Z = 1, the PSFCH 3 format is equivalent to the PSFCH 1 format; when Y = 1, Z = Q, the PSFCH 3 format is equivalent to the PSFCH 2 format. When Y is greater than 1, information of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 160 / 591 153 / 239 side-link feedback corresponding to a plurality of TBs transmitted in a unit of time can be carried in a PSFCH, so as to reduce the number of feedback channels needed for side-link communication.

[00533] A PSFCH time-domain resource corresponding to the PSFCH may include K symbols, and K = K1 + K2. K1 symbols (corresponding to the last K1 symbols in the K symbols) in the K symbols are used to transmit the PSFCH. Data in the K2 symbols (corresponding to the first K2 symbols in the K symbols) in the K symbols are duplicate data of the data in the K1 symbols. K2 symbols may be used by a receiving device to perform AGC adjustment.

[00534] Optionally, Y bits of side-link feedback information can be carried by a first sequence. The duration of the first sequence is 12. The first sequence is mapped to one PRB of the Z PRBs, and the data in the remaining PRBs of the Z PRBs are determined based on the first sequence.

[00535] Optionally, the Y-bit side-link feedback information can be carried by a second sequence. A length of the second sequence is Ζ·Ν^. The second sequence is mapped to all subcarriers corresponding to Z PRBs, where Νςς denotes a number of subcarriers included in a PRB.

[00536] If a time unit associated with the PSFCH is used to transmit a plurality of TBs, the PSFCH 3 format is used and the multi-bit side link feedback information corresponding to the plurality of TBs in a time unit can be carried by a PSFCH. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 161 / 591 154 / 239 This method of feedback is different from Methods 1, 2, and 3 mentioned above.

[00537] For example, Figure 35 illustrates eight time units in a set of resources (i.e., time unit #0 to time unit #7 in Figure 35). A time unit includes two intervals, and a period of a PSFCH is two time units. The PSFCH is located in time units #1, #3, #5, #7, or similar. A time interval (a minimum time interval) between a PSFCH transmission resource and a corresponding PSSCH transmission resource is 2, i.e., two time units. The PSFCH transmission resource includes five symbols, where one symbol is used to transmit a PSFCH (i.e., K1 = 1, corresponding to the last symbol of the five symbols included in the PSFCH transmission resource), and the remaining four symbols are used for AGC (i.e., K2 = 4, corresponding to the first four symbols of the five symbols included in the PSFCH transmission resource).For simplicity, an AGC symbol located at the initial position of a time unit is not shown in Figure 35. In the Figure. 35, the PSFCH occupies two PRBs in the frequency domain, and the PSFCH carries 2-bit side-link feedback information. Two PSSCHs are transmitted in time unit #2, which are a PSSCH 1 and a PSSCH 2, respectively. The PSFCH transmission resources corresponding to PSSCH 1 and PSSCH 2 are located in time unit #5, and the side-link feedback information (two bits in total) of PSSCH 1 and PSSCH 2 is carried by a PSFCH in time unit #5. EXAMPLE 4: A PSFC 4 FORMAT Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 162 / 591 155 / 239

[00538] The PSFCH 4 format is an extension of the PSFCH 3 format. For a PSFCH using format 4, a time-domain feature corresponding to the PSFCH includes K symbols, of which the K1 symbols (corresponding to the last K1 symbols in the K symbols) are used to transmit side-link feedback information, and the K2 symbols (corresponding to the first K2 symbols in the K symbols) are used for AGC. A PSFCH time-domain feature carrying side-link feedback information is a symbol. The PSFCH is mapped to a symbol in the K1 symbols (e.g., symbol 1st in the K1 symbols), and the remaining K1-1 symbols are used for PSFCH transmission replay. Based on the replay of the PSFCH transmission in the time-domain, the PSFCH detection performance can be improved.

[00539] Optionally, the PSFCHs in the K1 symbols correspond to the same feature in the frequency domain or to different features in the frequency domain.

[00540] A PSFCH in each of the K1 symbols can be a PSFCH based on the PSFCH 3 format. In other words, in each symbol, a PSFCH occupies Z PRBs in the frequency domain, and a PSFCH carries Y bits of information. When K1 = 1, the PSFCH 4 format is equivalent to the PSFCH 3 format.

[00541] For example, Figure 36 illustrates eight time units in a set of resources (i.e., time unit #0 to time unit #7 in Figure 36). A time unit includes two intervals, and a period of a PSFCH is two time units. The PSFCH is located in time units #1, #3, #5, #7, or similar. A time interval between a PSFCH transmission resource and a corresponding PSSCH transmission resource is Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 163 / 591 156 / 239 2, that is, two time units. The PSFCH transmission feature includes six symbols, of which two symbols (i.e., K1 = 2, corresponding to the last K1 symbols in the K symbols) are used to transmit the PSFCH, and the remaining four symbols (i.e., K2 = 4, corresponding to the first K2 symbols in the K symbols) are used for AGC. For simplicity, an AGC symbol located at the beginning of a time unit is not shown in Figure 36. In the example in Figure 36, each PSFCH occupies two PRBs in the frequency domain, i.e., Z = 2; and each PSFCH carries 2 bits of side link feedback information, i.e., Y = 2. Two PSSCHs are transmitted in time unit #2, which are a PSSCH 1 and a PSSCH 2, respectively.The PSFCH transmission resources corresponding to PSSCH 1 and PSSCH 2 are located in time unit #5, and the side-link feedback information (two bits in total) of PSSCH 1 and PSSCH 2 is carried by one PSFCH. The PSFCH occupies two PRBs in the frequency domain. The PSFCH is mapped to the 1st symbol in the K1 PSFCH symbols, namely, the 5th symbol in the six symbols corresponding to the PSFCH transmission resource, and the PSFCH is repeatedly mapped to the 2nd symbol in the K1 PSFCH symbols (namely, the 6th symbol in the six symbols corresponding to the PSFCH transmission resource). The PSFCH in the 6th symbol and the PSFCH in the 5th symbol may correspond to different resources in the frequency domain. EXAMPLE 5: A PSFC 5 FORMAT

[00542] If a PSFCH adopts the PSFCH 5 format, a time-domain resource of a PSFCH will include K symbols, where K = K1 + K2. K1 symbols (corresponding to the last K1 symbols in the K symbols) are used to transmit Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 164 / 591 157 / 239 side link feedback information, and K2 symbols (corresponding to the first K2 symbols in the K symbols) are used for AGC.

[00543] A time-domain resource of the PSFCH that carries the side-link feedback information is the K1 symbols. Optionally, the PSFCH corresponds to the same frequency-domain resource and / or code-domain resource or to different frequency-domain resources and / or code-domain resources in the K1 symbols. The PSFCH occupies Z PRBs in the frequency domain, and a PSFCH carries Y bits of information.

[00544] Optionally, Y-bit side-link feedback information can be carried by a sequence.

[00545] For example, a sequence length is Z · NBB· K1, where N^ denotes the number of subcarriers included in a PRB; sequences of each length Z· NBB are mapped respectively to Z PRBs of one symbol in the K1 symbols.

[00546] As another example, a sequence length is Ζ·ΝΒΒ. NSyB denotes a number of subcarriers included in a PRB; the sequence can be repeatedly mapped to each of the K1 symbols (in this case, the PSFCH 5 format is equivalent to the PSFCH 4 format).

[00547] Optionally, the Y-bit feedback information is mapped to transmission resources corresponding to the K1 symbols after undergoing channel encoding and modulation, and the transmission resources corresponding to the K1 symbols may also include a transmission resource from a PSFCH DMRS. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 165 / 591 158 / 239 MODE 5: METHOD FOR DETERMINING A FIRST PSFCH TRANSMISSION RESOURCE AND CONFIGURATION INFORMATION FOR A FIRST PSFCH

[00548] The first PSFCH transmission resource can be determined based on one or more of the first through seventh pieces of information described below.

[00549] In some implementations, the initial information can be used to indicate an index of a time unit to which a first PSSCH corresponds (associated with the first PSFCH). For example, the initial information indicates that an interval of the time unit index of the first PSSCH is [0, F1-1], where F1 is determined based on a period of a PSFCH.

[00550] In some implementations, the second piece of information can be used to indicate slot information for the first PSSCH. The slot information for the first PSSCH can be, for example, an index of a slot in which the first PSSCH is located. Optionally, a slot index range indicated by the second piece of information is determined based on the number of slots included in a time unit. For example, the slot index range for the first PSSCH is [0, F2-1], and F2 can be determined based on the number of slots included in a time unit.

[00551] In some implementations, third information may be used to indicate information about a time-domain resource where the first PSFCH is located. Optionally, the time-domain resource information may include, for example, a symbol indicating where the first PSFCH is located. For example, the time-domain resource information may be represented as a Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 166 / 591 159 / 239 is the symbol index where the first PSFCH is located. The index may correspond to an index (an index range is [0, NSymbol—1]) of the first PSFCH symbol in a slot, or the index may correspond to an index (an index range is [0, K—1]) in K symbols included in a transmission resource of the first PSFCH, or the index may correspond to an index (an index range is [0, K1—1]) in K1 symbols used for PSFCH transmission and included in a PSFCH transmission resource. NSymbol mentioned above denotes a quantity of symbols included in a slot, K denotes a quantity of symbols included in a PSFCH transmission resource, K1 denotes a quantity of symbols used to transmit the PSFCH in the K symbols included in the PSFCH transmission resource, and K = K1 + K2, where K2 symbols may be used for AGC.

[00552] In the example in Figure 34, PSFCHs, i.e., a PSFCH 1 and a PSFCH 2 in Figure 34, are transmitted in the 5th symbol and the 6th symbol corresponding to a PSFCH transmission resource in time unit no. 5. The first PSFCH mentioned above can be either PSFCH 1 or PSFCH 2. The transmission resources corresponding to the first PSFCH can be determined, respectively, based on the symbol indices in the K1 symbols (i.e., corresponding to an index 0 and an index 1 in the K1 symbols = 2).

[00553] In some implementations, the fourth piece of information can be used to indicate an initial frequency domain position of a PSSCH in a first unit of time.

[00554] In some implementations, the fifth piece of information can be used to indicate the length of a Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 167 / 591 160 / 239 frequency domain resource of PSSCH in the first time unit.

[00555] In some implementations, the sixth piece of information can be used to indicate a number of reusable cyclic offset pairs in a PRB, where the cyclic offset pair is used for transmission of the first PSFCH. The number of cyclic offset pairs indicated by the sixth piece of information can, for example, be determined based on an upper-layer parameter slNumMuxCS-Pair.

[00556] In some implementations, the seventh piece of information can be used to indicate the identity of a terminal device. The terminal device identity may include a source identity (e.g., denoted as PID). The source identity can be determined based on a source ID information field in the SCI associated with a PSSCH. The terminal device identity may include a first identity (denoted as MID). When a conversion type indicator value (conversion type indicator) indicated in the SCIs associated with the PSSCH is 01, the first identity can be determined based on a member identity (member ID) of a receiving device; otherwise, the first identity is 0.

[00557] One or more parameters in the configuration information of the first PSFCH are in slot units. In a time-based structure, these parameters can be updated to be expressed in time units. Such parameters associated with the first PSFCH are described in detail below.

[00558] In some implementations, the first Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 168 / 591 161 / 239 PSFCH is associated with a first parameter. The first parameter is used to indicate a period of the first PSFCH and, therefore, the first parameter can also be referred to as a period parameter of the first PSFCH. The first parameter can be, for example, sl-PSFCH-Period. In this embodiment of this request, the first parameter can be represented based on a quantity of time units.

[00559] In some implementations, the first PSFCH is associated with a second parameter. The second parameter is used to indicate a minimum time interval between the first PSFCH and the first PSSCH (a PSSCH associated with the first PSFCH). The second parameter can be, for example, sl-MinTimeGapPSFCH. In this embodiment of this request, the second parameter is represented based on the number of time units. For example, the first PSSCH is located in a time unit n, and the first PSFCH is the 1st PSFCH available after a time unit n+k, or a position in the time domain corresponding to the first PSFCH is not prior to a position in the time domain of the 1st PSFCH available in a time unit n+k, where n is an integer and k is determined based on the second parameter.

[00560] In some implementations, the time unit of the PSSCH is determined based on a minimum time interval and a first instant. The first instant can be determined in one of the following ways: a start instant of time unit n; an end instant of time unit n; a start instant of the first symbol used to transmit the first PSSCH; an end instant of the last symbol used to transmit the first PSSCH; a start instant of the slot in which the first PSSCH is located; and a Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 169 / 591 162 / 239 time of end of the slot in which the first PSSCH is located.

[00561] For example, Figure 37 illustrates eight time units (i.e., time unit #0 to time unit #7) in a resource set. The eight time units can be any eight time units in the resource set. As can be seen in Figure 37, a time unit can include two slots, and a PSFCH period is two time units, i.e., one time unit in every two time units includes a PSFCH transmission resource, and the PSFCH is located in time unit #1, time unit #3, time unit #4 5, in time unit #7, and so on. Furthermore, for example, in Figure 37, a time interval (a minimum time interval) between the transmission resources of the PSFCH and its corresponding PSSCH (i.e., the side-link feedback information transmitted by the PSFCH is feedback information for the PSSCH) is 2, i.e., two time units. As shown in Figures 37, a transmission resource of a PSFCH corresponding to a PSSCH transmitted in time unit #1, i.e., a PSFCH in time unit #5, is the 1st available PSFCH transmission resource located after time unit #3. MODE 6: A DMRS STANDARD BASED ON A UNIT OF TIME

[00562] As can be seen in Mode 2, a plurality of slots included in a time unit can be used to transmit one or more PSSCHs. A number of symbols corresponding to a transmission feature of a PSSCH can be determined based on one or more of the following. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 170 / 591 163 / 239 factors: a quantity (i.e., a value M) of slots included in a time unit; a quantity (i.e., a value B) of symbols used as GP in a time unit; a quantity (i.e., a value A, where the value A can be determined, for example, based on a symbol range between the position of the 1st symbol available for side link transmission in a time unit or a slot and the position of the 1st symbol used for PSSCH transmission in a time unit) of symbols used for AGC in a time unit; whether a PSSCH transmission resource is included in a time unit; or a quantity of slots corresponding to a PSSCH transmission resource.

[00563] As can be seen in the previous illustration of the one-time-unit slot structure, the number of symbols corresponding to a PSSCH in one time unit varies over an extremely wide range, such as from a few symbols to dozens of symbols. For example, a PSSCH in an n+6 slot in Figure 30 corresponds to three symbols. A PSSCH in Figure 19A corresponds to 48 symbols. Furthermore, a one-time-unit PSSCH transmission feature can occupy a plurality of slots. Therefore, a DMRS standard based on a single-slot structure in the related technique is incompatible with time-unit-based side-link transmission. This incompatibility can be reflected in the following aspects:

[00564] First, a DMRS PSSCH standard based on a single-slot structure is not applicable for multi-slot PSSCH transmission.

[00565] Secondly, when a PSSCH transmission resource can span a plurality of slots, Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 171 / 591 164 / 239 it is unclear how to determine a PSSCH DMRS standard.

[00566] Third, a single-slot-based DMRS PSSCH standard defines only one case where the PSSCH corresponds to a maximum of 13 symbols (see Table 1 above) and does not support a case where the number of PSSCH symbols exceeds 13.

[00567] Fourth, the PSSCH DMRS standard based on the single-slot structure defines only one case where the PSSCH corresponds to six or more symbols, and does not support a case where the number of symbols in the PSSCH is less than 6.

[00568] Fifth, for time-based PSSCH transmission, how to indicate a DMRS standard of PSSCH through the use of SCI is also a problem to be solved.

[00569] In addition to the previous problems, how to transmit a PSCCH DMRS in a first unit of time is also a problem that needs to be considered.

[00570] For one or more of the preceding problems, the modalities in this application provide a time-unit-based DMRS standard. The modalities are described in detail below.

[00571] As shown in Figure 38, a method for side link transmission is provided in one embodiment of this application. The method includes step S3810, namely, a first terminal device determines a DMRS pattern of a first channel in a first time unit.

[00572] For a detailed description of the first time unit, reference may be made to Modality 1 above, and the details are not described again herein. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 172 / 591 165 / 239 document.

[00573] The first channel may include a first PSSCH or a first PSCCH. For a detailed description of the first PSSCH, reference may be made to the PSSCH-related content described above, such as how to design a PSSCH transmission feature in the first time unit (see Mode 1), the PSSCH transmission mode (see Mode 2), and how to determine a TBS corresponding to a PSSCH (see Mode 3). For a detailed description of the first PSCCH, reference may be made to the PSCCH-related content above, such as the content of a PSCCH transmission feature in the first time unit (see Mode 1) and the first-order SCI (see Modes 1 and 2).

[00574] One method for determining the DMRS pattern of the first channel is described in detail below, using examples where the first channels are a first PSSCH and the first channels are the first PSCCH, respectively. MODALITY 6.1: A DMRS STANDARD OF A FIRST PSSCH

[00575] The DMRS pattern (or referred to as the time-domain DMRS pattern) of the first PSSCH can be determined in several ways. For example, the DMRS pattern of the first PSSCH can be determined by setting a starting position of a DMRS PSSCH symbol in the first time unit and an interval between adjacent DMRS PSSCH symbols. As another example, the DMRS pattern of the first PSSCH can be determined by extending a DMRS pattern that is based on a single slot. As yet another example, the DMRS pattern of the first PSSCH can be determined by specifically defining or configuring a DMRS pattern that is based on a time unit. The way to determine the Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 173 / 591 The 166 / 239 DMRS standard of the first PSSCH is described in detail below with reference to Modality 6.1.1 and Modality 6.1.2.

[00576] In some implementations, the last DMRS PSSCH symbol that is in the first PSSCH and that is determined based on the DMRS pattern of the first PSSCH is a first target symbol. A time-domain resource that is after the first target symbol and that is used to transmit the first PSSCH occupies P symbols. If the P symbols meet a first condition, at least one symbol in the P symbols (such as the last symbol in the P symbols) is used to map a DMRS. The first condition may include, for example, one or more of the following: a number of symbols of the P symbols being greater than or equal to a first threshold (it should be understood that the first threshold mentioned in this embodiment is different from the first threshold mentioned in embodiment 2); or a ratio between the number of symbols of the P symbols and a symbol interval (or a time interval) between two adjacent DMRS PSSCH symbols in the first PSSCH being greater than or equal to a second threshold. When there is a relatively large number of PSSCH symbols after the last DMRS symbol, the channel estimation performance is affected. Therefore, if the last PSSCH symbol is used as a DMRS symbol, the channel estimation performance can be improved and the PSSCH detection performance can be improved. The first threshold could be, for example, 3. The second threshold could be, for example, 0.5.For a detailed description, please refer to the content related to Figure 40 and Figure 47B below.

[00577] In some implementations, a DMRS of the first PSSCH occupies a first PRB in the frequency domain, and each H1 subcarrier in the first PRB is used to map Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 174 / 591 167 / 239 is a DMRS, where H1 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. H1 can be, for example, equal to 1 or 2. If H1 equals 1, this indicates that the DMRS is carried on all subcarriers corresponding to the first PSSCH. If H1 equals 2, this indicates that the intercarrier spacing between adjacent DMRSs on the subcarriers corresponding to the first PSSCH is 2. For example, the DMRS can be mapped to even-numbered subcarriers, or the DMRS can be mapped to odd-numbered subcarriers. MODE 6.1.1: THE DMRS STANDARD OF THE FIRST PSSCH IS DETERMINED BASED ON THE INITIAL INFORMATION.

[00578] In some implementations, the first information may be configuration information.

[00579] In some implementations, the first information includes one or more of the following: information (referred to as second information below) used to determine a position in the time domain of the 1st PSSCH DMRS symbol; or information (referred to as third information below) used to determine a symbol interval between two adjacent PSSCH DMRS symbols. The position in the time domain of the 1st PSSCH DMRS symbol can be determined based on the second information, and the symbol interval between two adjacent PSSCH DMRS symbols can be determined based on the third information. Therefore, all symbol positions corresponding to the DMRS symbols of the first PSSCH can be determined based on the second and third information.

[00580] In this mode, a position of the 1st DMRS symbol of a PSSCH and an interval between adjacent DMRS symbols are configured through the use of the first Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 175 / 591 168 / 239 information. This configuration method is applicable to a case where the number of PSSCH symbols is a random number and therefore can be well applied to a scenario where a PSSCH transmission resource covers a plurality of slots.

[00581] In some implementations, the second piece of information is used to indicate a position in the time domain or a symbol index of the 1st PSSCH DMRS symbol in a slot.

[00582] In some implementations, the second piece of information is used to indicate a position in the time domain or a symbol index of the 1st PSSCH DMRS symbol in a unit of time.

[00583] In some implementations, the second piece of information is used to indicate a time-domain offset of the first PSSCH DMRS symbol relative to the first symbol corresponding to a PSSCH transmission resource. The first symbol corresponding to the PSSCH transmission resource is the first symbol used to transmit the PSSCH. Alternatively, the first symbol corresponding to the PSSCH transmission resource may be the first symbol after a symbol used for AGC. Alternatively, the first symbol corresponding to the PSSCH transmission resource may be the first symbol to which the PSSCH is mapped. Alternatively, the first symbol corresponding to the PSSCH transmission resource may be the first symbol used for the allocation of PSSCH resources in a time unit. The time-domain offset mentioned in this implementation may be, for example, represented by a number of symbols.

[00584] In some implementations, the second Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 176 / 591 169 / 239 information is used to indicate a time-domain offset of the 1st PSSCH DMRS symbol relative to the 1st symbol in a slot. The time-domain offset mentioned in this implementation can be represented, for example, by a number of symbols.

[00585] In some implementations, the second piece of information is used to indicate a time-domain shift of the 1st PSSCH DMRS symbol relative to the 1st symbol by one unit of time. The time-domain shift mentioned in this implementation can be, for example, represented by a number of symbols.

[00586] In some implementations, the second piece of information is used to indicate a time-domain offset of the first PSSCH DMRS symbol relative to the first symbol corresponding to a PSCCH transmission resource. The time-domain offset mentioned in this implementation can be, for example, represented by a number of symbols.

[00587] In some implementations, the second piece of information is used to indicate a time-domain offset of the first PSSCH DMRS symbol relative to the last symbol corresponding to a PSCCH transmission resource. The time-domain offset mentioned in this implementation can be, for example, represented by a number of symbols.

[00588] In some implementations, the second piece of information may simultaneously indicate a plurality of information types in the preceding information.

[00589] In one example, the 1st PSSCH DMRS symbol determined based on the second piece of information is located Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 177 / 591 170 / 239 in the 1st symbol used to transmit a PSSCH.

[00590] In another example, the 1st PSSCH DMRS symbol determined based on the second piece of information is located in a next symbol of the PSCCH time-domain resource, that is, located in a next symbol of the last time-domain symbol corresponding to a transmission resource of a PSCCH.

[00591] In some implementations, the symbol interval, indicated by the third piece of information, between two adjacent PSSCH DMRS symbols includes one or more values, and one or more values ​​include a first value. The first value indicates that the symbol interval between two adjacent PSSCH DMRS symbols is greater than 14 (i.e., a number of symbols included in a slot in the case of a normal CP).

[00592] For example, a third-party information value includes, without limitation, 12, 20, 24, 28, 40, 56, or similar. Alternatively, a third-party information value may also include 4, 8, 16, or similar. The first value mentioned above may be, for example, one of 20, 24, 28, 40, or 56.

[00593] In some implementations, the initial information is determined based on one or more of the following: side-link BWP configuration information, feature set configuration information, RRC PC5 configuration information, protocol-predefined information, pre-configuration information, or network device configuration information.

[00594] For example, the feature set configuration information includes the second piece of information and the third piece of information. A device of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 178 / 591 171 / 239 transmitting end or a receiving end device can determine the DMRS pattern of the first PSSCH based on the second and third information.

[00595] As another example, the second and third pieces of information can be the same configuration information or different configuration information. For example, the feature set configuration information includes the third pieces of information, and PC5RRC or SCI includes the second pieces of information.

[00596] In some implementations, initial information can be determined based on indication information from the terminal device. The terminal device can be a data transmission endpoint of the side link or it can be a data reception endpoint of the side link. The indication information can be carried using SCI, a CE MAC, or PC5-RRC signaling.

[00597] In some implementations, the first information is used to configure one or more candidate DMRS patterns of a PSSCH. The DMRS pattern of the first PSSCH is a target DMRS pattern in one or more candidate DMRS patterns.

[00598] In addition, in some implementations, the SCIs in the first time unit (i.e., the SCIs associated with the first PSSCH) indicate the target DMRS PSSCH standard. For example, the feature set configuration information includes the second and third pieces of information, which are used to configure one or more candidate DMRS standards for the PSSCH. The transmitting device can determine a corresponding target DMRS standard when transmitting the first PSSCH and indicate the target DMRS standard through the use of SCIs. The device Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 179 / 591 172 / 239 reception can determine the target DMRS pattern based on the SCI.

[00599] In some implementations, the DMRS pattern of the first PSSCH is determined based on the fourth piece of information. The fourth piece of information is used to indicate a match between the first piece of information (which may alternatively be the second piece of information and / or the third piece of information) and a first index. The match may be configured based on configuration information. Configuration information may include one or more of the following: side-link BWP configuration information, feature set configuration information, PC5-RRC configuration information, predefined information in a protocol, pre-configuration information, or network device configuration information.

[00600] The match may be, for example, a match shown in Table 7. TABLE 7 Index corresponding to a DMRS pattern. Second information (e.g., a time domain offset of the 1st DMRS PSSCH symbol relative to the 1st symbol used to transmit a PSSCH). Third information (e.g., a symbol interval between two adjacent DMRS PSSCH symbols). 0 0 4 1 0 8 2 0 12 3 0 16 4 2 4 5 2 8 6 2 12 Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 180 / 591 173 / 239 7 2 16 8 4 4 9 4 8 10 4 12 11 4 16 12 6 4 13 6 8 14 6 12 15 6 16

[00601] Furthermore, in some implementations, the SCIs in the first time unit indicate the first index. In other words, when transmitting the first PSSCH, the transmitting device can first determine a DMRS pattern based on the match and indicate the DMRS pattern (as an index matching the DMRS pattern) to the receiving device using the SCIs.

[00602] In some implementations, if the first time unit is used to transmit a PSSCH (see Mode 2.1 above), a PSSCH transmission feature may correspond to all symbols available for PSSCH transmission in the first time unit. In this case, DMRSs can be sequentially mapped, based on the first information, to all symbols available for PSSCH transmission in the first time unit. For example, the time domain position of the 1st PSSCH DMRS symbol can be determined based on the second information, and the symbol interval between two adjacent DMRS symbols can be determined based on the third information. Then, the DMRS PSSCH symbols can be sequentially mapped to the Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 181 / 591 174 / 239 symbols corresponding to a PSSCH transmission feature of the first time unit.

[00603] For example, Figure 39 shows two time units, namely, a time unit #1 and a time unit #2. The first time unit mentioned above may be time unit #1 or it may be time unit #2. In the example in Figure 39, a time unit includes two slots, time unit #1 does not include a PSFCH transmission resource, and time unit #2 includes a PSFCH transmission resource. The allocation of PSFCH resources in a time unit starts from the 5th symbol, i.e., A = 4. The first four symbols of a time unit can be used for AGC, and the last four symbols of a time unit are used as GPs, i.e., B = 4. The PSFCH time-domain resource includes five symbols, where the data transmitted in the first four symbols is the same as the data transmitted in the 5th symbol, and therefore the first four symbols can be used for AGC, and the 5th symbol is used to transmit a PSFCH. A time unit includes a PSCCH and a PSSCH. A TB is transmitted in the PSSCH. The PSSCH is mapped to two slots included in a time unit, and a PSCCH corresponding to the PSSCH occupies three symbols. It is determined based on the first information that the 1st PSSCH DMRS symbol is located in the 1st symbol after the last symbol of the PSCCH, and two adjacent DMRSs are separated by eight symbols. Therefore, the DMRS PSSCH can be sequentially mapped to symbols corresponding to a PSSCH transmission resource of a time unit, to obtain a DMRS pattern shown in Figure 39.

[00604] Optionally, in some modalities, the Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 182 / 591 The 175 / 239 DMRS standard can be determined based on the second and third information. If it is determined based on the DMRS standard that the number of symbols used to transmit the PSSCH after the last DMRS PSSCH symbol is P, and the number of P symbols is greater than or equal to a first limit, or a ratio between the number of P symbols and the symbol interval between two adjacent DMRS symbols is greater than or equal to a second limit, the last symbol corresponding to the PSSCH transmission feature is also used to map a DMRS. For example, in Figure 39, following the last DMRS symbol in time unit #2, there are still seven symbols used to transmit the PSSCH (i.e., P = 7). A ratio between the seven P symbols and the symbol interval between adjacent DMRS symbols (i.e., the eight symbols indicated by the third information) is 0.875.If the second threshold is 0.5, the last symbol of the PSSCH transmission resource is also used to map a DMRS, as shown in Figure 40.

[00605] For example, Figure 41 shows two time units, namely, time unit #1 and time unit #2. The first time unit mentioned above may be time unit #1 or it may be time unit #2. In the example in Figure 41, a time unit includes four slots, time unit #1 does not include a PSFCH transmission resource, and time unit #2 includes a PSFCH transmission resource. The allocation of PSFCH resources in a time unit begins from the 9th symbol, i.e., A = 8. The first eight symbols of a time unit can be used for AGC, and the last eight symbols of a time unit are used as GPs, i.e., B = 8. One Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 183 / 591 176 / 239 PSFCH in time unit #2 occupies nine symbols, of which eight symbols are used for AGC and one symbol is used to carry a PSFCH. In each time unit, except for the symbols used for AGC, used as GPs, and used for the PSFCH, the remaining symbols are all symbols used to transmit a PSSCH, and each time unit is used to transmit only one PSSCH, and a PSSCH corresponding to a respective time unit occupies three symbols. In the example in Figure 41, it is determined based on the second piece of information that the first PSSCH DMRS symbol is located in the first symbol used to transmit the PSSCH, and the adjacent PSSCH DMRS symbols are spaced eight symbols apart. Therefore, the DMRS PSSCH can be sequentially mapped to symbols corresponding to a PSSCH transmission feature of a time unit, to obtain a DMRS pattern shown in Figure 41.

[00606] Furthermore, in time unit #1 in Figure 41, after the last DMRS symbol, there are still seven DMRS symbols used to transmit a PSSCH, and the ratio between the seven DMRS symbols and the symbol interval (whose value is 8) between adjacent DMRS symbols is 0.875. If the second threshold is 0.5, the last symbol of the PSSCH transmission feature can also be used to map a DMRS. In time unit #2 in Figure 41, after the last DMRS symbol, there are still six symbols used to transmit PSSCHs, and the ratio between the six symbols and the symbol interval (whose value is 8) between adjacent DMRS symbols is 0.75. If the second threshold is 0.5, the last symbol of the PSSCH transmission feature can also be used to map a DMRS, as shown in Figure 42.

[00607] In some implementations, if the first Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 184 / 591 If a time unit 177 / 239 is used to transmit a plurality of PSSCHs, and the plurality of PSSCHs is used to transmit the same TB (see Mode 2.2 above), since the same TB is transmitted in the plurality of PSSCHs, the plurality of PSSCHs are PSSCHs that are transmitted to the same receiving end device. Therefore, a DMRS mapping method used for the plurality of PSSCHs can be similar to a DMRS mapping method used when a time unit is used to transmit a PSSCH, i.e., DMRSs are mapped sequentially, based on the first information, to all symbols in the first time unit that are used to transmit PSSCHs. For convenience of description, the DMRS mapping method is referred to as method 1 below.

[00608] In some implementations, if the first time unit is used to transmit a plurality of PSSCHs and the plurality of PSSCHs is used to transmit the same TB (see Mode 2.2 above), the DMRSs are sequentially mapped, based on the first information, to symbols corresponding to the respective plurality of PSSCHs. For example, for each PSSCH in the plurality of PSSCHs, a position in the time domain of the 1st PSSCH DMRS symbol can be determined based on the second information, and a symbol interval between two adjacent PSSCH DMRS symbols can be determined based on the third information. Then, the DMRS PSSCHs can be sequentially mapped to the symbols corresponding to the transmission features of the respective PSSCHs. The DMRS mapping processes between different PSSCHs are independent of each other. For convenience of description, the DMRS mapping method is referred to as method 2 below. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 185 / 591 178 / 239

[00609] For example, Figure 43 (including Figures 43A to 43C) shows two time units, namely, time unit no. 1 and time unit no. 2. The first time unit mentioned above may be time unit no. 1 or it may be time unit no. 2. In the example of Figure 43. A time unit includes two slots; time unit #1 does not include a PSFCH transmission resource, and time unit #2 includes a PSFCH transmission resource. The allocation of PSFCH resources in a time unit begins from the 5th symbol, i.e., A = 4. The first four symbols of a time unit can be used for AGC, and the last four symbols of a time unit are used as GPs, i.e., B = 4. Two PSFCHs are transmitted in a time unit; that is, each slot is used to transmit one PSFCH. A time domain resource of a PSFCH includes three symbols starting from the 5th symbol in a time unit.There is a symbol available to transmit a PSSCH in slot 2 (namely, slot n+3 in Figure 43) of time unit 2, but due to the fact that both a PSSCH 2 transmitted in this slot and a PSSCH 1 transmitted in slot 1 (namely, slot n+2 in Figure 43) in time unit 2 are used to transmit different redundancy versions of the same TB, PSSCH 2 can still be transmitted in slot 2 of time unit 2. If it is determined based on the second piece of information that the 1st DMRS symbol of a PSSCH corresponds to... The first PSSCH symbol, two adjacent DMRS PSSCH symbols are separated by eight symbols. If the DMRS standard is determined using method 1 mentioned above, that is, the DMRSs are sequentially mapped onto all PSSCH symbols in a time unit based on their position in the time domain. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 186 / 591 179 / 239 of the 1st DMRS symbol and in the symbol interval between two adjacent PSSCH DMRS symbols, a DMRS mapping result shown in Figure 43A can be obtained. If the DMRS pattern is determined using method 2 mentioned above, for each PSSCH in a time unit, a DMRS pattern is determined based on the second and third information, a DMRS mapping result is shown in Figure 43B. If it is determined based on the second information that the 1st DMRS symbol of a PSSCH corresponds to the 2nd symbol of the PSSCH, two adjacent PSSCH DMRS symbols are separated by eight symbols. If the DMRS pattern is determined using method 2 mentioned above, for each PSSCH in a time unit, a DMRS pattern is determined based on the second and third information, a DMRS mapping result is shown in Figure 43C.

[00610] As another example, Figure 44 shows two time units, namely, a time unit #1 and a time unit #2. The first time unit mentioned above may be time unit #1 or it may be time unit #2. In the example in Figure 44, one time unit includes four slots. The allocation of PSSCH resources in a time unit starts from the ninth symbol, i.e., A = 8. The first eight symbols of a time unit can be used for AGC, and the last eight symbols of a time unit are used as GPs, i.e., B = 8. One time unit is used to transmit two PSSCHs, i.e., one PSSCH is transmitted every two slots. A time domain resource of a PSSCH includes three symbols starting from the 9th symbol in a time unit. Time unit #2 includes a PSFCH transmission feature and therefore, between slot 3 and slot 4, Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 187 / 591 In slot 180 / 239, there are three symbols available to transmit a PSSCH. However, since both a PSSCH 2 transmitted in this slot and a PSSCH 1 transmitted in the first two slots in time unit #2 are used to transmit different redundancy versions of the same TB, PSSCH 2 can still be transmitted in this slot. It is determined based on the second piece of information that the 1st DMRS symbol of a PSSCH corresponds to the 1st symbol of the PSSCH, and it is determined based on the third piece of information that two adjacent DMRSs are separated by eight symbols. If method 1 mentioned above is used, a DMRS pattern in a time unit is shown in Figure 44A. If method 2 mentioned above is used, a DMRS pattern in a time unit is shown in Figure 44B.

[00611] In some implementations, if the first time unit is used to transmit a plurality of PSSCHs and the plurality of PSSCHs is used to transmit different TBs (see Mode 2.3 above), the DMRSs are mapped sequentially, based on the first information, to all symbols available to transmit the PSSCHs in the first time unit. For example, if a plurality of TBs is transmitted to the same receiving device, this implementation can be used to map a DMRS pattern.

[00612] In some implementations, if the first time unit is used to transmit a plurality of PSSCHs and the plurality of PSSCHs is used to transmit different TBs (see Modality 2.3 above), the DMRSs are mapped sequentially, based on the first information, to symbols corresponding to the plurality of PSSCHs, respectively.

[00613] For example, Figure 45 shows two Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 188 / 591 181 / 239 time units, that is, a time unit #1 and a time unit #2. The first time unit mentioned above can be time unit #1 or it can be time unit #2. In the example in Figure 45, a time unit includes two slots. The allocation of PSSCH resources in a time unit starts from the 5th symbol, i.e., A = 4. The first four symbols of a time unit can be used for AGC, and the last four symbols of a time unit are used as GPs, i.e., B = 4. Two PSSCHs are transmitted in a time unit, i.e., each slot is used to transmit one PSSCH. The 2nd slot (namely, an n+3 slot in Figure 45) in time unit #2 includes only one symbol used to transmit one PSSCH and therefore this slot cannot be used to transmit different transport blocks.Therefore, a PSSCH in that slot can be used to repeatedly transmit the data of the 1st symbol or the last symbol of a PSSCH (i.e., a PSSCH 1) in a previous slot, to improve transmission reliability. It can be determined from the second piece of information that the 1st DMRS symbol of a PSSCH corresponds to the 1st symbol of the PSSCH, and it can be determined from the third piece of information that the symbol interval between two adjacent DMRS symbols is 8. In this case, a DMRS mapping result is shown in Figure 45. Since the data of a PSSCH 2 in slot 2 in time unit #2 is a repetition of the data of PSSCH 1, no DMRS can be mapped to the 1st PSSCH symbol in that slot. In some implementations, a DMRS can be mapped to the 1st PSSCH symbol in that slot.

[00614] As another example, Figure 46 shows two time units, namely, a time unit no. 1 and a Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 189 / 591 182 / 239 Time Unit No. 2. The first time unit mentioned above may be time unit No. 1 or it may be time unit No. 2. In the example in Figure 46, a time unit includes four slots. The allocation of PSSCH resources in a time unit begins from the 5th symbol, i.e., A = 4. The first four symbols of a time unit can be used for AGC, and the last four symbols of a time unit are used as GPs, i.e., B = 4. A time unit is used to transmit two PSSCHs, i.e., one PSSCH is transmitted every two slots. Different TBs are transmitted in the respective PSSCHs, and each PSSCH has its corresponding PSCCH. In a time unit, the first two slots are used to transmit a PSSCH 1, and the last two slots are used to transmit a PSSCH 2. Time unit No. 2 includes a PSFCH transmission resource.Based on the second piece of information, it can be determined that the first DMRS symbol of a PSSCH corresponds to the first symbol of the PSSCH, and based on the third piece of information, it can be determined that two adjacent DMRSs are separated by eight symbols. A DMRS corresponding to a respective PSSCH is determined based on the previous information, and in this case, a DMRS mapping result is shown in Figure 46A.

[00615] Furthermore, in time unit no. 1 in Figure 46A, after the last DMRS symbol corresponding to a PSSCH 1, there are still seven symbols used to transmit PSSCHs, and a ratio between the seven symbols and an interval (whose value is 8) between adjacent DMRS symbols is 0.875. If the second threshold value is 0.5, the last symbol of a transmission feature of PSSCH 1 can also be used to map a DMRS; after the last DMRS symbol corresponding to a PSSCH 2, Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, pp. 190 / 591 In time unit 183 / 239, there are still seven symbols used to transmit PSSCHs, and the ratio between the seven symbols and an interval (whose value is 8) between adjacent DMRS symbols is 0.875, which is greater than the second limit value, and in this case, the last symbol of a transmission resource of PSSCH 2 can also be used to map a DMRS. In time unit #2 in Figure 46A, following the last DMRS symbol corresponding to PSSCH 1, there are still seven symbols used to transmit PSSCHs, and a ratio between the seven symbols and an interval (whose value is 8) between symbols The adjacent DMRS is 0.875, which is greater than the second limit. In this case, the last symbol of a transmission resource of PSSCH 1 can also be used to map a DMRS; and after the last DMRS symbol corresponding to PSSCH 2, there are still six symbols used to transmit PSSCHs, and the ratio between the six symbols and an interval (whose value is 8) between adjacent DMRS symbols is 0.75, which is greater than the second limit, and in this case, the last symbol of a transmission feature of PSSCH 2 can also be used to map a DMRS. A mapping result of a DMRS pattern is shown in Figure 46B. MODALITY 6.1.2: THE DMRS STANDARD OF THE FIRST PSSCH IS DETERMINED BASED ON A FIRST DMRS STANDARD.

[00616] In some implementations, the first DMRS pattern is determined based on predefined protocol information, pre-configuration information, network device configuration information, or indication information transmitted by a terminal device. The terminal device may be a data transmission endpoint of the side link or it may be a data reception endpoint of the side link.

[00617] In some implementations, the first Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, pp. 191 / 591 The 184 / 239 DMRS standard is determined based on a DMRS standard corresponding to a PSSCH transmitted in a single slot.

[00618] In some implementations, each slot in the first time unit corresponds to the same first DMRS pattern. If each slot in a time unit has the same first DMRS pattern, the time unit's SCI only needs to indicate that DMRS pattern, thus reducing control signaling overhead.

[00619] In some implementations, the first PSSCH is one of a plurality of PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit. The plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to the same first DMRS pattern. If a plurality of PSSCHs transmitted in a time unit has the same first DMRS pattern, the SCI of the time unit only needs to indicate that DMRS pattern, thus reducing control signaling overhead.

[00620] In some implementations, the first PSSCH includes a plurality of slots. The plurality of slots corresponds to the same first DMRS pattern.

[00621] In some implementations, the first PSSCH includes a plurality of slots. The plurality of slots has corresponding DMRS patterns. In other words, each slot in the plurality of slots corresponds to a first DMRS pattern, and different slots in the plurality of slots may correspond to the same first DMRS pattern or to different first DMRS patterns.

[00622] In some implementations, the first PSSCH is one of a plurality of PSSCHs transmitted in the first time unit. The plurality of PSSCHs have respective corresponding DMRS patterns first. In others Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 192 / 591 185 / 239 words, each PSSCH in the plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to a first DMRS pattern, and different PSSCHs in the plurality of PSSCHs may correspond to the same first DMRS pattern or different first DMRS patterns.

[00623] Different PSSCHs or different slots in a time unit may correspond to different first DMRS standards. The transmission end device can flexibly select a DMRS standard corresponding to a respective PSSCH based on a transport block MCS or a performance requirement, thus ensuring transmission performance of different TBs.

[00624] In some implementations, the first DMRS pattern is used to determine a relative position between each DMRS PSSCH symbol and a target symbol in a slot. The target symbol can be a specific symbol in the slot.

[00625] For example, the target symbol could be the 1st symbol in the slot.

[00626] As another example, the target symbol may be the 1st symbol available for side link transmission in the range.

[00627] As another example, the target symbol may be the 1st symbol available for PSSCH transmission in the slot.

[00628] In some implementations, the SCIs in the first time unit indicate the first DMRS pattern.

[00629] In some implementations, a time interval (or a symbol interval) of a DMRS symbol relative to the 1st symbol of a first PSSCH is determined based on the first DMRS pattern, and the positions of one or more DMRS symbols are determined based on the time interval and the position of the 1st symbol of a PSSCH in a first slot, in Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 193 / 591 186 / 239 that the first slot is used to transmit the first PSSCH.

[00630] In some implementations, if a symbol position corresponding to the first DMRS symbol exceeds a position of the last symbol available for PSSCH transmission in the first slot, no mapping is performed on the first DMRS symbol in the first slot, where the first DMRS symbol is a DMRS symbol in one or more DMRS symbols. In other words, in this implementation, mapping is performed on only part of the DMRS symbols in the first DMRS pattern.

[00631] In some implementations, the first DMRS pattern corresponds to a DMRS pattern when all symbols in a slot are used for PSSCH transmission.

[00632] In some implementations, a first DMRS pattern may correspond to a first number of symbols in a slot. The first number of symbols can be defined in a plurality of ways, and two possible ways of defining it are given below. DEFINITION 1: THE FIRST QUANTITY OF SYMBOLS IS A QUANTITY OF SYMBOLS (OR A MAXIMUM QUANTITY OF SYMBOLS) Available for PSSCH transmission in a slot used when a PSSCH is transmitted based on a single slot.

[00633] In some implementations, the first DMRS pattern is a DMRS pattern applicable to a case where a PSSCH is transmitted based on a single slot. The DMRS pattern in which the PSSCH is transmitted based on a single slot can be predefined by a protocol. For example, in an NR SL system, a protocol predefines the DMRS pattern in which the PSSCH is transmitted based on a single slot, as shown in Table 1 described above. During PSSCH transmission, the transmitting device can determine in a way Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 194 / 591 187 / 239 independently determines the first DMRS pattern based on Table 1 and indicates the first DMRS pattern in the SCIs transmitted along with the PSSCH. For multi-slot transmission of a PSSCH, a PSSCH transmission resource may span a plurality of slots. In this case, the transmitting device may determine the first DMRS pattern based on a DMRS pattern (i.e., the DMRS pattern in Table 1) used when the PSSCH is transmitted in a single slot. Then, when a PSSCH is transmitted using multiple slots, the position of the DMRS symbol for each slot in the plurality of slots corresponding to the PSSCH can be determined based on the first DMRS pattern, and the first DMRS pattern is indicated in the SCIs.A DMRS standard used when a PSSCH is transmitted on a single-slot basis is used directly as the first DMRS standard, and a DMRS symbol position corresponding to a PSSCH in each slot is determined based on the first DMRS standard, so that direct compatibility can be achieved. It should be understood that the DMRS standard used when a PSSCH is transmitted on a single-slot basis mentioned in the embodiments of this application may be a DMRS PSSCH standard provided in a related technology (as shown in Table 1), or it may be a redefined DMRS standard used when a PSSCH is transmitted on a single-slot basis, or a DMRS standard determined based on configuration information and used when a PSSCH is transmitted on a single-slot basis.

[00634] In some implementations, the first number of symbols corresponding to the first DMRS pattern is 13 or 14. For example, the first DMRS pattern corresponds to the DMRS pattern used when PSSCH includes 13 symbols in Table 1. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 195 / 591 188 / 239

[00635] In some implementations, the first DMRS pattern is determined based on Table 1. If the number of PSCCH symbols is 3, a DMRS pattern with a number of DMRS symbols equal to 3 can be selected as the first DMRS pattern, and thus it can be determined that the intervals of the DMRS symbols relative to the 1st PSSCH symbol are 1, 6, and 11, respectively. When the first DMRS pattern is applied to multi-band PSSCH transmission, for a band corresponding to a respective PSSCH, the position in the time domain of the DMRS symbols in the band can be determined based on symbol intervals 1, 6, and 11, respectively. If the number of symbols available to transmit the PSSCH in the slot is less than 12, the slot can include only part of the DMRS symbols in the first DMRS pattern.

[00636] In an example where a PSSCH is transmitted in the first time unit, several specific examples are provided below with reference to Figures 47 and 48.

[00637] For example, Figure 47A includes a time unit #1 and a time unit #2, and the first time unit mentioned above can be either time unit #1 or time unit #2. In Figure 47A, one time unit is used to transmit a PSSCH. Although a PSSCH transmission resource spans a plurality of slots, the position of a DMRS symbol in each slot can be determined based on a first DMRS pattern. In Figure 47A, the first DMRS pattern adopts a DMRS pattern corresponding to a case where the number of PSSCH symbols is 13, the number of PSCCH symbols is 3, and the number of DMRS symbols is 3 in Table 1. DMRS symbol ranges corresponding to the first DMRS pattern relative to the 1st Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 196 / 591 189 / 239 PSSCH symbols are 1, 6, and 11. Then, for each slot, the time domain positions of the DMRS symbols in the slot can be determined based on their relative positions. As shown in Figure 47A, the 1st slot (namely, slot n) of time unit no. 1 includes four AGC symbols. A time domain position of the 1st PSSCH symbol is the 5th symbol (symbol index 4) in the slot. In this case, the position of the 1st DMRS symbol is the 6th symbol (symbol index 5), and the position of the 2nd symbol... DMRS is the 11th symbol (symbol index 10). Since the number of symbols available for PSSCH transmission in the slot is less than 14, only some of the DMRS symbols corresponding to the first DMRS standard can be mapped to the slot; that is, the slot does not include the 3rd DMRS symbol corresponding to the first DMRS standard, because the position of the 3rd DMRS symbol determined according to interval 11 exceeded the slot positions. Similarly, the 2nd slot (namely, an n+1 slot) of time unit n° includes four symbols that are used as GPs. The position of the 1st PSSCH symbol is the 1st symbol (symbol index 0) in the slot. In this case, the position of the 1st DMRS symbol is the 2nd symbol (symbol index 1), and the position of the 2nd DMRS symbol is the 7th symbol (symbol index 6).Since the number of symbols available for PSSCH transmission in the slot is less than 14, only some of the DMRS symbols corresponding to the first DMRS pattern are mapped to the slot; that is, the slot does not include the 3rd DMRS symbol corresponding to the first DMRS pattern, because the position of the 3rd DMRS symbol determined according to interval 11 is used as a GP symbol and cannot be used to map a DMRS. One way to determine a DMRS in the 1st slot (i.e., slot n+2) in time unit n° 2 is the same as the way to determine the DMRS in the 1st slot (slot n) in time unit n° 2. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 197 / 591 190 / 239 No. 1. The 2nd slot (slot n+3) in time unit No. 2 includes only one PSSCH symbol. The position of the 1st DMRS symbol determined according to the interval is the 2nd symbol of the slot, but the second symbol is used as a GP and cannot be used to map DMRS. The position of the 2nd DMRS symbol determined according to the interval is the 7th symbol, and a 7th symbol position is a symbol position corresponding to a PSFCH transmission resource and cannot be used to map DMRS. The position of the 3rd DMRS symbol determined according to the interval is the 12th symbol, and the 12th symbol is used as a GP symbol and cannot be used to map DMRS. Therefore, the 2nd slot (slot n+3) in time unit No. 2 does not include any DMRS symbols. SCIs transmitted in time unit #1 or time unit #2 may contain indication information to indicate the first DMRS pattern.

[00638] Optionally, when the DMRS symbol position in the slot is determined based on an interval corresponding to the first DMRS pattern, a number of symbols available for PSSCH transmission after the last DMRS symbol in the slot is greater than or equal to a first limit; or when a ratio between the number of symbols used to transmit a PSSCH after the last DMRS symbol to a symbol interval between two adjacent DMRS symbols corresponding to the first DMRS pattern is greater than or equal to a second limit, the last symbol corresponding to a PSSCH transmission feature in the slot can also be used to map the DMRS. For example, in Figure 47A, in time unit no. 1, there are still three symbols to transmit the PSSCH after the last DMRS symbol in slot 1, and there are still three symbols to transmit the PSSCH after the last DMRS symbol in slot 2. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, pp. 198 / 591 191 / 239 The interval between adjacent DMRS symbols is 5. If the second limit is 0.5, the last symbol of a PSSCH transmission resource in the 1st slot and the 2nd slot of time unit #1 can also be used to map the DMRS, as shown in Figure 47B. Similarly, the last symbol of a PSSCH transmission resource in the 1st slot of time unit #2 can also be used to map the DMRS.

[00639] Furthermore, a relative position of each DMRS symbol with respect to the 1st symbol in a slot can also be determined based on the first DMRS pattern, and a DMRS pattern in each slot can be determined based on the relative position. For example, referring to Figure 47C, the ranges of the DMRS symbols corresponding to the first DMRS pattern with respect to the 1st symbol in the slot are 1, 6, and 11. For the 1st slot in time unit no. 1, the positions of the DMRS symbols determined based on the first DMRS pattern should be symbols 1, 6, and 11; however, since symbol 1 is used for AGC and no DMRS can be mapped to that symbol; DMRS is mapped only to symbols 6 and 11 in the slot. For the 2nd slot of time unit #1, the DMRS symbol positions determined based on the first DMRS pattern should be symbols 1, 6, and 11; however, since symbol 11 is used as GP and no DMRS is mapped to that symbol, DMRS is only mapped to symbols 1 and 6 in the slot. For the 1st slot in time unit #2, the DMRS mapping is the same as in the 1st slot in time unit #1. For the 2nd slot in time unit #2, the DMRS symbol position determined based on the first DMRS pattern should be symbols 1, 6, and 11; however, since symbols 1 and 11 are used as GPs and symbol 6 is used for AGC, no DMRS is mapped to those symbols, i.e. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 199 / 591 192 / 239 the 2nd slot does not include DMRS symbol.

[00640] For example, for a transmission mode shown in Figure 48 (i.e., a PSSCH is transmitted in one time unit), although the PSSCH transmission resources span a plurality of slots, the position of a DMRS symbol in each slot can be determined separately based on the first DMRS pattern. Different time units may correspond to different first DMRS patterns. For example, the ranges of DMRS symbols corresponding to the 1st DMRS pattern in time unit #1 relative to the 1st PSSCH symbol are 1, 6, and 11. A number of symbols corresponding to a PSSCH in the 2nd slot and the 3rd slot in time unit #1 is 14. Each slot can include three DMRS symbols. The number of symbols corresponding to PSSCH in slot 1 is 6, and thus, the slot includes only one DMRS symbol. Similarly, the number of symbols corresponding to PSSCH in slot 4 is also 6, and therefore, the slot also includes only one DMRS symbol. The intervals of DMRS symbols corresponding to a first DMRS pattern in a time unit #2 relative to the 1st PSSCH symbol are 3 and 10. The number of symbols corresponding to PSSCH in slot 2 is 14, which can include two DMRS symbols located at symbol 3 and symbol 10, respectively. The number of symbols corresponding to PSSCH in slot 1 is 6, and therefore, the slot includes only one DMRS symbol, which is located at symbol 12 (i.e., symbol 11). The number of symbols corresponding to PSSCH in the 3rd slot is 3. Based on the first DMRS pattern, the 1st DMRS symbol of the slot is located in the 4th symbol, that is, the symbol 3, and its corresponding position is used as GP. Thus, none DMRS is mapped. The SCIs transmitted in the first unit of Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, pp. 200 / 591 193 / 239 time carry indication information to indicate the first DMRS standard.

[00641] Similar to Figure 47B, in this example, it can also be determined, based on a comparison between a number of PSSCH symbols after the last DMRS in a slot and a first or second limit, whether a DMRS can be mapped to the last PSSCH symbol, which will not be repeated in this document.

[00642] It should be noted that, in Figures 48 to 54, the position of the DMRS symbol (x, y) or (x, y, z) of a first DMRS pattern may represent a time shift of a DMRS symbol relative to the 1st PSSCH symbol.

[00643] In an example where a plurality of PSSCHs are transmitted in the first time unit and the plurality of PSSCHs correspond to the same TB, several specific examples are provided below with reference to Figure 49.

[00644] For example, for a transmission mode shown in Figure 49 (a plurality of PSSCHs is transmitted in a time unit and the plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to the same TB), a plurality of PSSCHs can be transmitted in a time unit and the transmission resources of each PSSCH can span a plurality of slots. In the example in Figure 49, the position of the DMRS symbol in each slot can be determined separately based on a first DMRS pattern. Different time units can correspond to different first DMRS patterns. For example, in Figure 49A, the intervals between the DMRS symbols corresponding to a first DMRS pattern in time unit #1 relative to the 1st PSSCH symbol are 1, 6, and 11. A number of symbols Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 201 / 591 The number of symbols corresponding to a PSSCH in the 2nd slot and the 3rd slot in time unit #1 is 14, and each slot can include three DMRS symbols. In time unit #1, the number of symbols corresponding to the PSSCH in the 1st slot is 6, including only one DMRS symbol. Similarly, the number of symbols corresponding to the PSSCH in the 4th slot is also 6, also including only one DMRS symbol. The intervals of DMRS symbols corresponding to a first DMRS pattern in time unit #2 relative to the 1st PSSCH symbol are 3 and 10. The number of symbols corresponding to the PSSCH in the 2nd slot is 14, and therefore the slot can include two DMRS symbols located at symbol 3 and symbol 10, respectively. The number of symbols corresponding to PSSCH in slot 1 is 6, which includes only one DMRS symbol located within a symbol 12. The number of symbols corresponding to PSSCH in slot 3 is 3.Based on the first DMRS pattern, the 1st DMRS symbol of the slot is located in the 4th symbol, that is, symbol 3, and its corresponding position is used as GP. Thus, no DMRS is mapped. If time unit #2 adopts the same first DMRS pattern as time unit #1, that is, the intervals of the DMRS symbols relative to the 1st PSSCH symbol are 1, 6, and 11, then there may be a DMRS symbol in the 3rd slot of time unit #2, as shown in Figure 49B.

[00645] Since PSSCHs in a time unit are used to transmit the same TB, the first time unit can only include one PSCCH, and the first DMRS pattern is indicated by the SCIs carried by the PSSCHs.

[00646] In an example where a plurality of PSSCHs are transmitted in the first time unit, and the plurality of PSSCHs correspond to different TBs, an example Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, page 202 / 591 Specific 195 / 239 is provided below with reference to Figure 50.

[00647] For example, for a transmission mode shown in Figure 50 (a plurality of PSSCHs is transmitted in a time unit, and the plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to different TBs), the transmission resources of each PSSCH can span a plurality of slots, and the position of a DMRS symbol in each slot can be determined based on a first DMRS pattern. Different time units can correspond to different first DMRS patterns. In the example in Figure 50, the intervals of the DMRS symbols corresponding to a first DMRS pattern in time unit #1 relative to the 1st PSSCH symbol are 1, 6, and 11. The number of symbols corresponding to a PSSCH in the 2nd slot and the 3rd slot in time unit #1 is 14, and each slot can include three DMRS symbols. The number of symbols corresponding to the PSSCH in the 1st slot is 10, and therefore the slot includes only two DMRS symbols.Similarly, the number of symbols corresponding to PSSCH in slot 4 is also 10, and therefore the slot also includes only two DMRS symbols. A PSCCH associated with PSSCH in time unit #1 carries indicator information to indicate the first DMRS pattern corresponding to time unit #1. The intervals of DMRS symbols corresponding to a first DMRS pattern in time unit #2 relative to the 1st PSSCH symbol are 3 and 10. The number of symbols corresponding to PSSCH in slots 2 and 3 is 14, and therefore the slot can only include two DMRS symbols located at symbol 3 and symbol 10, respectively. The number of symbols corresponding to PSSCH in slot 1 is 10, and therefore the slot includes only one DMRS symbol which is located at symbol 7. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 203 / 591 196 / 239 of symbols corresponding to PSSCH in slot 4 is 1 and, therefore, based on the first DMRS pattern, the 1st DMRS symbol is located in slot 4, i.e., a symbol 3. As one symbol position of the 4th symbol is used as GP, no DMRS is mapped. A PSCCH associated with PSSCH in time unit #2 carries indication information to indicate the first DMRS pattern corresponding to time unit #2.

[00648] The above description is based primarily on an example in which each slot in a time unit corresponds to the same DMRS pattern. In some other embodiments, different PSSCHs may correspond to different first DMRS patterns, or different slots may correspond to different first DMRS patterns. If a PSSCH transmission resource includes a plurality of slots, the plurality of slots may correspond to the same DMRS pattern or to different DMRS patterns. In this case, the SCI carried by a PSSCH and transmitted simultaneously with the PSSCH carries indication information to indicate a first DMRS pattern. When different slots of the PSSCH correspond to different first DMRS patterns, the indication information in the SCI includes a plurality of information fields, which correspond respectively to different first DMRS patterns.

[00649] For example, for a transmission mode shown in Figure 51 (a plurality of PSSCHs is transmitted in a unit of time and the plurality of PSSCHs corresponds to different TBs), a plurality of PSSCHs can be transmitted in a unit of time, the transmission resources of each PSSCH can span a plurality of slots, and different PSSCHs can correspond to different firsts. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 204 / 591 197 / 239 DMRS patterns. In Figure 51, the DMRS symbol ranges of a first DMRS pattern corresponding to a PSSCH 1 in a time unit no. 1 relative to the 1st PSSCH symbol are 3, 10. The number of symbols corresponding to PSSCH 1 in the 1st slot is 10, and therefore the slot includes only one DMRS symbol. The number of symbols corresponding to PSSCH 1 in the 2nd slot is 14, and therefore the slot includes two DMRS symbols. Indicating information in a PSCCH associated with PSSCH 1 is used to indicate the first DMRS pattern. The intervals of the DMRS symbols of a first DMRS pattern corresponding to a PSSCH 2 in time unit #1 relative to the 1st PSSCH symbol are 1, 6, 11. The transmission resources of PSSCH 2 include two slots, where the number of symbols corresponding to PSSCH 2 in the 1st slot is 14, and therefore the slot includes three DMRS symbols. The number of symbols corresponding to PSSCH 2 in the 2nd slot is 10, and therefore the slot includes two DMRS symbols.Information indicating a PSCCH associated...

Claims

1. LATERAL LINK TRANSMISSION METHOD characterized by comprising: performing, by a first terminal device, lateral link transmission or lateral link reception in a first unit of time, wherein the first unit of time comprises M consecutive slots, and M is a positive integer greater than 1.

2. METHOD, according to claim 1, characterized in that the M slots are M consecutive physical slots; or the M slots are consecutive slots available for side-link transmission.

3. METHOD, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the first time unit comprising a first guard symbol, wherein the first guard symbol comprises B consecutive symbols, and wherein the B symbols are the last B symbols of the first time unit, wherein B is a positive integer greater than 1.

4. METHOD, according to claim 3, characterized in that a value of B is determined based on a first side-link subcarrier spacing and a second side-link subcarrier spacing; wherein the first side-link subcarrier spacing is determined based on side-link BWP configuration information, the side-link BWP configuration information is used to configure a BWP corresponding to the first time unit, and the second subcarrier spacing is determined based on predefined information in a protocol, feature set configuration information, or side-link BWP configuration information.

5. METHOD, according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the first time unit comprising two adjacent slots, a third guard symbol being defined between symbols used for side link transmission in the two slots, and the third guard symbol comprising C symbols, where C is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

6. METHOD, according to claim 5, characterized by the third guard symbol corresponding to the last C symbols of a previous slot in the two slots.

7. METHOD, according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, in the case where the first time unit is used to transmit a plurality of shared physical side link channels (PSSCHs), a fourth guard symbol is defined between the transmission resources of two adjacent PSSCHs in the plurality of PSSCHs, and wherein the fourth guard symbol comprises D symbols, wherein D is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

8. A method, according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one slot in the M slots does not comprise a guard symbol; and / or a last slot in the M slots comprises a guard symbol, and a remaining slot in the M slots, except the last slot, does not comprise a guard symbol; and / or in the case where the first time unit comprises a time-domain feature for transmitting a PSFCH, at least one of a last slot or a penultimate slot in the M slots comprises a guard symbol; and / or a guard symbol is defined between the symbols used for side-link transmission in adjacent slots in the M slots.

9. METHOD, according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first time unit comprises a third time domain feature for transmitting a PSSCH, and an initial symbol of the third time domain feature is the (A+1)th symbol of the first time unit, where A is a positive integer greater than 1.

10. METHOD, according to claim 9, characterized in that, in the case where the first time unit does not comprise a PSFCH transmission feature, a final symbol of the third time domain feature is a symbol preceding a symbol corresponding to a first guard symbol; or in the case where the first time unit comprises a PSFCH transmission feature, a final symbol of the third time domain feature is a symbol preceding a symbol corresponding to a second guard symbol, wherein the first guard symbol comprises the last B symbols of the first time unit, and the second guard symbol comprises B symbols located before the PSFCH transmission feature, wherein B is a positive integer greater than 1.

11. METHOD, according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the first unit of time is used to transmit one PSSCH or R PSSCHs, where R is a positive integer greater than 1. Petition 870250079012, dated 04 / 09 / 2025, p. 250 / 591 4 / 4 12. METHOD, according to claim 11, characterized in that the R PSSCHs are used to transmit different TBs, and in that the first time unit is additionally used to transmit a PSCCH and a second-stage SCI.

13. METHOD, according to claim 11, characterized in that the PSSCHs are used to transmit different TBs, in that the first time unit is additionally used to transmit a PSCCH and second-stage SCIs, and in that the second-stage SCIs correspond one-to-one with the PSSCHs.

14. TERMINAL DEVICE, the terminal device being characterized as a first terminal device, wherein the first terminal device comprises a transceiver, a memory, and a processor, wherein the memory is configured to store a program, and the processor is configured to invoke the program in memory and control the transceiver to receive or transmit a signal, to cause the first terminal device to execute the method as defined in any one of claims 1 to 13.

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