Measurement method, terminal device and third network device

Description

1 / 86 MEASUREMENT METHOD, TERMINAL DEVICE AND THIRD NETWORK DEVICE FIELD OF TECHNIQUE

[001] This disclosure relates to the field of communications and, more particularly, to a measurement method, a terminal device, a third-party network device, a chip, a computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product and a computer program. BACKGROUND

[002] In a communication system, a terminal device measures a downlink signal from a service cell and a neighboring cell and determines whether to perform cell reselection or cell transfer, so that the terminal device always has the ability to connect to a cell with better signal quality during movement and ensure the quality of subsequent communications. However, in some scenarios, due to service characteristic limitations, capacity limitations, operational power consumption, etc. of the terminal device, the terminal device may not be able to accurately measure the signal, thus affecting the quality of communication. SUMMARY

[003] One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a measurement method, including an operation to follow.

[004] A terminal device sends the first uplink signals to N network devices. The first uplink signals are used for measurement. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 8 / 254 2 / 86 to determine whether the terminal device should be activated to perform the cell transfer, where N is a positive integer.

[005] One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a measurement method, including an operation to follow.

[006] A third network device receives a first uplink signal from a terminal device. The first uplink signal is used for measurement to determine whether the terminal device should be triggered to perform the cell transfer.

[007] One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal device including a first communication module.

[008] The first communication module is configured to send the first uplink signals to N network devices. The first uplink signals are used for measurement to determine whether the terminal device should be triggered to perform the cell transfer, where N is a positive integer.

[009] One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a third network device, including a second communication module.

[0010] The second communication module is configured to receive an initial uplink signal from a terminal device, wherein the initial uplink signal is used for measurement to determine whether the terminal device should be triggered to perform the cell transfer.

[0011] One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal device including a processor and a Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 9 / 254 3 / 86 memory, where the memory is configured to store a computer program, and the processor is configured to invoke and execute the computer program stored in memory, to allow the terminal device to perform the aforementioned side-link communication method.

[0012] One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a third network device, including a processor and memory, wherein the memory is configured to store a computer program, and the processor is configured to invoke and execute the computer program stored in memory, to enable the third network device to perform the aforementioned side link communication method.

[0013] One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a chip configured to implement the aforementioned measurement method.

[0014] Specifically, the chip includes a processor configured to invoke and execute a computer program from memory, to allow a device on which the chip is mounted to perform the measurement method mentioned above.

[0015] One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium configured to store a computer program, wherein the computer program causes a device to perform the above-mentioned measurement method when the computer program is run by the device.

[0016] One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions, wherein the instructions of Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 10 / 254 4 / 86 computer programs cause a computer to execute the aforementioned measurement method.

[0017] One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer program, wherein the computer program causes a computer to perform the above-mentioned measurement method when the computer program is run on the computer.

[0018] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the terminal device sends the first uplink signal to the network device, and the network device receives the first uplink signal. The first uplink signal is used for measurement to determine whether the terminal should be activated to perform the cell transfer. Therefore, under the impact of service characteristic limitations, capacity limitations, and operational power consumption of the terminal device, the signal can be accurately measured, the mobility management of the terminal device can be completed, thus ensuring the quality of communication. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a zero-power consumption communication network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting principle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 11 / 254 5 / 86 backscattering communication principle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a resistive load modulation principle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic flowchart of a measurement method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 7 is a schematic flowchart of a measurement method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an interaction between a terminal device and a network device in an example application according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 9 is a flowchart of a measurement method in an example application according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of an interaction between a terminal device and a network device in another application example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 11 is a flowchart of a measurement method in another application example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 12 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 13 is a schematic block diagram of a third network device according to Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, p. 12 / 254 6 / 86 a modality of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 14 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 15 is a schematic block diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 16 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solution in the disclosure modalities will be described below together with the drawings in the disclosure modalities.

[0036] The technical solution in the embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to various communication systems, such as a Global Communications Mobile (GSM) system, a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) system, a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, a Long Term Advanced Evolution (LTE-A) system, a New Radio (NR) system, an NR system evolution system, an LTE-based unlicensed spectrum access (LTE-U) system, an NR-based unlicensed spectrum access (NR-U) system, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) system, a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, a 5th generation (5G) system, or other communication systems.

[0037] In general, communication systems Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 13 / 254 Traditional 7 / 86 systems support a limited number of connections, and those connections are easy to implement. However, with the development of communication technology, mobile communication systems will not only support traditional communication but also direct terminal-to-terminal communication, such as device-to-device (D2D) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or vehicle-to-all (V2X) communication, etc. The embodiments of the present disclosure can also be applied to such communication systems.

[0038] In one embodiment, the communication system in the modes of this disclosure can be applied to a Carrier Aggregation (CA) scenario, a Dual Connectivity (DC) scenario, or an Autonomous Network (AS) scenario.

[0039] In one embodiment, the communication system in the embodiments of this disclosure may be applied to an unlicensed spectrum, and the unlicensed spectrum may also be considered as a shared spectrum. Alternatively, the communication system in the embodiments of this disclosure may also be applied to a licensed spectrum, and the licensed spectrum may also be considered as an unshared spectrum.

[0040] The embodiments of this disclosure are described in connection with a network device and a terminal device. The terminal device may also be referred to as User Equipment (UE), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, p. 14 / 254 8 / 86 a user terminal, a terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent or a user device, etc.

[0041] The terminal device can be a A station (ST or STA) on a WLAN, a cell phone, a cordless phone, a SIP phone, a WLL station, a personal digital assistant device (PDA), a portable device with a wireless communication function, a computer or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a next-generation communication system such as an NR network, or a terminal device in a future evolutionary public terrestrial mobile network (PLMN), etc.

[0042] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the terminal device may be deployed on land and include an internal or external device, a portable device, a wearable device, or a vehicle-mounted device. The terminal device may also be deployed in water (such as on ships, etc.) or underwater (such as submarines, etc.). The terminal device may also be deployed in the air (such as on airplanes, balloons, and satellites, etc.).

[0043] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the terminal device may be a mobile phone, a Pad, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a Virtual Reality (VR) terminal device, an Augmented Reality (AR) terminal device, a terminal device in the Personal Internet of Things (PIoT), a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in autonomous driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medicine, a Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 15 / 254 9 / 86 wireless terminal device in a smart network, a wireless terminal device in transport security, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, or a wireless terminal device in a smart home, etc.

[0044] By way of example and not as a limitation, in the embodiments of this disclosure, the terminal device may also be a wearable device. The wearable device may also be referred to as a smart wearable device, which is a general term for wearable devices that are intelligently designed and developed by applying wearable technology to everyday use, such as eyeglasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. The wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. The wearable device is not only a type of hardware device but also implements powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction.The widespread wearable smart device has complete functions and a large size, and the widespread wearable smart device can implement complete or partial functions without relying on smartphones, such as smartwatches or smart glasses, and the widespread wearable smart device focuses only on certain application functions and needs to be used in conjunction with other devices (such as smartphones), like various smart bracelets and smart jewelry to monitor physical signals.

[0045] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the network device may be a device configured to communicate with a mobile device, and the network device Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 16 / 254 10 / 86 can be an access point (AP) in a WLAN, a base transceiver station (BTS) in a GSM or CDMA network, a NodeB (NB) in a WCDMA network, an evolutionary node B (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE network, a relay station or access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a network device (gNB) in an NR network, or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network, or a network device in an NTN network, etc.

[0046] By way of example and not limitation, in the embodiments of this disclosure, the network device may have mobility characteristics, for example, the network device may be a mobile device. Optionally, the network device may be a satellite, a balloon station. For example, the satellite may be a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite, a Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellite, a Geostationary Orbit (GEO) satellite, a High Elliptical Orbit (HEO) satellite, and the like. Optionally, the network device may also be a base station located on land, water, etc.

[0047] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the network device may provide a service to a cell, and the terminal device communicates with the network device by means of transmission resources (e.g., frequency resources or spectrum resources) used by the cell. The cell may be a cell corresponding to the network device (e.g., base station) and the cell may belong to a macro base station or a base station corresponding to a small cell. The small cell may include a metro cell, a micro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, etc. These small cells have small characteristics. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 17 / 254 11 / 86 coverage and low transmission power, and these small cells are suitable for providing a high-rate data transmission service.

[0048] Figure 1 illustrates by way of example a communication system 100. The communication system includes a network device 110 and two terminal devices 120. In a possible implementation, the communication system 100 may include multiple network devices 110, and other numbers of terminal devices 120 may be included in the coverage of each network device 110, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0049] In a possible implementation, the 100 communication system may include other network entities, such as a Mobility Management Entity (MME), an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), which is not limited to the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0050] It should be understood that a device with a communication function in the network or system in the embodiments of this disclosure may be referred to as a communication device. The communication system illustrated in Figure 1 is taken as an example; the communication device may include a network device and a terminal device that both have the communication function, and the network device and the terminal device may be specific devices described above, which will not be described in this document. The communication device may also include other devices in the communication system, such as network controllers, mobility management entities, and other network entities, which are not limited to the embodiments of this disclosure. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, p. 18 / 254 12 / 86

[0051] It should be understood that the terms system and network are often used interchangeably in this document. In this disclosure, the term and / or is merely an association relation that describes associated objects and represents that three relations can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three conditions: that is, independent existence of A, existence of A and B, and independent existence of B. Furthermore, the character / in the disclosure generally indicates that the relation between the related objects is either or.

[0052] It should be understood that the reference to an indication in the forms of this disclosure may be a direct indication, an indirect indication, or an indication of an association. For example, A indicates B, which may mean that A directly indicates B, for example, B can be obtained through A; it may also mean that A indirectly indicates B, for example, A indicates C, and B can be obtained through C; and it may also indicate that there is an association between A and B.

[0053] In the description of the modalities of the present disclosure, the term correspondence may mean that there is a direct or indirect correspondence between the two objects, it may also mean that there is an association relationship between the two objects, and it may also be a relationship between indication and being indicated, configuration and being configured, etc.

[0054] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the related technologies of the embodiments of this disclosure are described below. The following technologies Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, p. 19 / 254 Related 13 / 86 solutions used as optional solutions can be combined with the technical solution of the embodiments of this disclosure in various ways, and the combinations fall within the scope of protection of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0055] First, communication based on the zero-power consumption device is described.

[0056] Energy harvesting and backscattering communication technologies are used in zero-power consumption communication. Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a zero-power consumption communication network. As shown in Figure 2, the zero-power consumption communication network includes a network device 210 and a zero-power consumption terminal 220 (which may also be called a zero-power consumption device). The network device 210 is configured to: send a wireless power supply signal and a downlink communication signal (such as a trigger signal) to the zero-power consumption terminal 220; and receive a backscatter signal from the zero-power consumption terminal 220. A basic zero-power consumption terminal 220 includes a power harvesting module, a backscattering communication module, and a low-power consumption calculation module.In addition, the zero-power consumption device can also be supplied with a memory or a sensor and is configured to store some basic information (such as an item identifier) ​​or acquire detection data, such as ambient temperature and humidity.

[0057] The main technologies for zero-power consumption communication include primarily RF energy harvesting and backscatter communication. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 20 / 254 14 / 86

[0058] Figure 3 shows a diagram of an RF power harvesting principle. As shown in Figure 3, the RF power harvesting module collects energy from spatial electromagnetic waves based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, in order to obtain the energy needed to drive the zero-power consumption device, for example, to drive a low-power demodulation and modulation module, a sensor, and internal storage. Therefore, the zero-power consumption device does not need a traditional battery.

[0059] Figure 4 shows a diagram of a backscatter communication principle. As shown in Figure 4, a zero-power consumption terminal receives a wireless signal sent by a network device; modulates the wireless signal; carries the information to be sent; and radiates the modulated signal from an antenna. This information transmission process is referred to as backscatter communication. The functions of backscattering and load modulation are inextricably linked. Load modulation is adjusting and controlling the circuit parameters of a zero-power consumption device's oscillation circuit according to the beat of a data stream, so as to allow parameters such as the impedance of the electronic tag to vary accordingly, thus completing a modulation process. A load modulation technology mainly includes resistive load modulation and capacitive load modulation.Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of resistive load modulation. In resistive load modulation, a load is connected in parallel with a resistor, and the resistor is... Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 21 / 254 15 / 86 switched on or off based on the control of a binary data stream (e.g., the resistor is switched on or off by controlling switch S), as shown in Figure 5. A circuit voltage is altered due to switching the resistor on and off, so Amplitude Shift Switching (ASK) is implemented, i.e., signals are modulated and sent by adjusting the amplitudes of the backscatter signals from the zero-power consumption device. Similarly, during capacitive load modulation, changes in the resonant frequency of a circuit can be achieved by switching a capacitor on or off, thus implementing Frequency Shift Switching (FSK), i.e., signals are modulated and sent by adjusting the operating frequencies of the backscatter signals from the zero-power consumption device.

[0060] Therefore, the zero-power consumption device performs information modulation on an input waveform signal through load modulation, and a backscatter communication process is implemented. Therefore, the zero-power consumption device has significant advantages.

[0061] 1. The terminal does not actively send a signal and therefore the terminal does not need a complex RF link, such as a power amplifier (PA), an RF filter and the like.

[0062] 2. The terminal does not actively generate a high-frequency signal and therefore the terminal does not need a high-frequency crystal oscillator.

[0063] 3. The terminal does not need to consume its own energy for transmission with the aid of communication. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 22 / 254 16 / 86 backscatter.

[0064] Data transmitted by the zero-power consumption terminal (such as an electronic tag) can use codes of different forms to represent the binary 1 and 0. An RF identification system typically uses one of the following encoding methods: Non-Return-to-Zero (NRZ) encoding, Manchester encoding, Unipolar RZ encoding, Differential Biphasic (DBP) encoding, Miller encoding, Dynamic Differential encoding, etc. Generally, different pulse signals are used to represent 0 and 1.

[0065] Secondly, application scenarios for zero-power consumption communication are described.

[0066] Because zero-power consumption communication has significant advantages, such as extremely low cost, zero power consumption, and small size, zero-power consumption communication can be widely applied in various sectors, such as logistics for vertical industries, smart warehousing, smart agriculture, energy and power, industrial internet, etc. Zero-power consumption communication can also be applied to personal applications, such as smart wearables and smart homes.

[0067] Thirdly, the power supply signal and the trigger signal in the zero-power consumption communication system are described. 1. POWER SUPPLY SIGNAL

[0068] A carrier of the power supply signal can be a base station, a smartphone, a smart gateway, a charging station, a micro base station, etc. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 23 / 254 17 / 86

[0069] A frequency band of a radio wave used for power supply can be a low frequency, an intermediate frequency, a high frequency, etc.; [007 0] A radio wave waveform used for power supply can be a sine wave, a square wave, a triangular wave, a pulse wave, a rectangular wave, etc. In addition, the radio wave can be a continuous wave or a discontinuous wave (i.e., interruption within a period of time is allowed).

[0071] The power supply signal may be a signal specified in the communication standard, such as a Probing Reference Signal (SRS), a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), and a Physical Transmission Channel (PBCH). 2. CONTROL INFORMATION / TRIGGER SIGNAL

[0072] A carrier of the trigger signal can be a base station, a smartphone, a smart gateway, etc.

[0073] A frequency band of a radio wave used for power supply can be a low frequency, an intermediate frequency, a high frequency, etc.

[0074] A radio wave waveform used for power supply can be a sine wave, a square wave, a triangular wave, a pulse wave, a rectangular wave, etc. In addition, the radio wave can be a Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, p. 24 / 254 18 / 86 continuous wave or a discontinuous wave (i.e., interruption within a period of time is allowed).

[0075] The trigger signal may be a signal specified in the communication standard, such as an SRS, a PUSCH, a PRACH, a PUCCH, a PDCCH, a PDSCH, a PBCH, etc.; or the trigger signal may be a new signal.

[0076] Fourth, a category of zero-power consumption terminals is described.

[0077] Zero-power consumption terminals can be classified into a passive zero-power consumption terminal, a semi-passive zero-power consumption terminal, and an active zero-power consumption terminal based on their power source and mode of use.

[0078] In the zero-power passive consumption terminal, there is no need to supply a battery, and when the zero-power consumption terminal approaches the network device, the zero-power consumption terminal is within a near-field range formed by the radiation from an antenna of the network device. Here, the network device can be a reader-writer of a radio frequency identification (RFID) system. Therefore, an antenna of the zero-power consumption terminal generates an induction current by electromagnetic induction, and then the induction current drives a low-power chip circuit of the zero-power consumption terminal, so as to demodulate a forward link signal and modulate a reverse link signal. For a backscatter link, the zero-power consumption terminal transmits the signal by backscattering.

[0079] Therefore, regardless of a link Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, p. 25 / 254 19 / 86 direct or reverse, the zero-power passive consumption terminal does not need to be powered by a built-in battery, so the zero-power passive consumption terminal is a true zero-power consumption terminal.

[0080] The zero-power passive terminal does not need a battery, and the RF circuit and baseband circuit are very simple, for example, devices such as a low-noise amplifier (LNA), a PA, a crystal oscillator, and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) are not required, so the zero-power passive terminal has several advantages of being small in size, lightweight, inexpensive, and having a long service life.

[0081] The zero-power passive terminal can also support other forms of energy harvesting. After harvesting energy (such as light energy, thermal energy, kinetic energy, mechanical energy) from the environment, the energy to power a circuit is obtained, and the terminal device is enabled to communicate.

[0082] In the zero-power semi-passive terminal, the battery is also not supplied, but the RF power harvesting module can be used to collect energy from radio waves, or the RF power harvesting module can be used to collect energy (such as solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical vibration energy) from the environment, and the collected energy is stored in an energy storage unit (e.g., a capacitor). After obtaining the energy, the energy storage unit can drive the low-power chip circuit of the zero-power terminal, so as to demodulate the Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 26 / 254 20 / 86 forward link signal and modulate the reverse link signal. For the backscatter link, the zero-power consumption terminal transmits the signal via backscatter.

[0083] Therefore, regardless of a direct or reverse link, the zero-power consumption semi-passive terminal does not need to be powered by a built-in battery, and although the energy stored by the capacitor is used during operation, the energy is derived from the radio energy collected by the power harvesting module, so the zero-power consumption semi-passive terminal is a true zero-power consumption terminal.

[0084] The zero-power consumption semi-passive terminal inherits several advantages from the zero-power consumption passive terminal, so the zero-power consumption semi-passive terminal has several advantages of being small in size, lightweight, inexpensive, and having a long service life.

[0085] The zero-power consumption active terminal is described below.

[0086] In some scenarios, the zero-power consumption terminal used may also be an active zero-power consumption terminal, and this terminal may be equipped with a built-in battery. The battery is configured to power the low-power consumption chip circuit of the zero-power consumption terminal, so as to demodulate the forward link signal and modulate the reverse link signal. However, for the backscatter link, the zero-power consumption terminal transmits the signal via backscattering. Therefore, the zero-power consumption of the terminal is mainly reflected in the fact that the transmission of the reverse link signal does not require power from the terminal itself, but uses a Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 27 / 254 21 / 86 backscatter mode.

[0087] The battery embedded in the zero-power consumption active terminal can power the RFID chip, increasing the tag's read and write distance and improving communication reliability. Therefore, the zero-power consumption active terminal can be applied in some scenarios with relatively high requirements for communication distance, read delay, etc.

[0088] Some zero-power consumption terminals, such as semi-passive zero-power consumption terminals or active zero-power consumption terminals, may have active transmission capability. That is, the reverse link may communicate in an active transmission manner, in addition to the backscattering manner.

[0089] As is known, the types of zero-power consumption IoT services are similar to those of other IoT, and can also focus on uplink services. Based on the transmitter type of the zero-power consumption terminal, zero-power consumption terminals can be classified into a backscatter-based zero-power consumption device, an active transmitter-based zero-power consumption device, and a zero-power consumption device with backscatter and an active transmitter.

[0090] The zero-power consumption device based on backscattering is described below.

[0091] This type of zero-power consumption device based on backscattering sends uplink data via backscattering. This device is not supplied with an active transmitter for the Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 28 / 254 22 / 86 active transmission, but only with one transmitter for backscattering. Therefore, when this terminal sends the data, the network device needs to provide a carrier, and this terminal device performs backscattering based on the carrier, thus implementing data transmission.

[0092] The zero-power consumption device based on an active transmitter is described below.

[0093] This type of zero-power consumption device transmits uplink data using an active transmitter with active transmission capability. Therefore, when this type of zero-power consumption device sends data, the zero-power consumption device can send data through its own active transmitter and does not require the network device to provide the carrier. The appropriate active transmitter for the zero-power consumption device can be, for example, an ultra-low power consumption ASK transmitter, an ultra-low power consumption FSK transmitter, etc. Based on current implementations, in the case where this type of transmitter transmits a 100 μW (microwatt) signal, the overall power consumption can be reduced to 400-600 μW.

[0094] The zero-power consumption device with backscattering and active transmitter is described below.

[0095] This type of terminal can support both backscattering and active transmission. The terminal can determine which of the following ways to transmit the uplink signal to use according to different situations (such as power level, available ambient power) or based on the network device programming: the backscattering method or the method of using the Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 29 / 254 23 / 86 active transmitter for active transmission.

[0096] Fifth, the passive cellular Internet of Things is described below.

[0097] The cellular Internet of Things is growing. Currently, IoT technologies such as Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), MTC, and Reduced Capability (RedCap) have been standardized, but IoT communication requirements in many scenarios cannot be met using existing technologies. For example, scenarios may include a restricted communication environment, a scenario with an extremely small form factor requirement for the terminal, and a scenario with an extremely low cost requirement for IoT communication.

[0098] The strict communication environment is described below.

[0099] In some IoT scenarios, extreme environments such as high temperature, extremely low temperature, high humidity, high pressure, high radiation, or high-speed movement may be encountered. IoT scenarios may include, for example, an ultra-high voltage substation, high-speed rail monitoring, environmental monitoring in alpine zones, industrial production lines, etc. In these scenarios, existing IoT terminals may not function due to the limitations of the traditional power supply operating environment. Furthermore, extreme operating environments are not conducive to IoT maintenance, such as battery replacement.

[00100] The scenario with an extremely small form size requirement for the terminal is described below. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 30 / 254 24 / 86

[00101] In some IoT communication scenarios, such as food traceability, goods circulation, and smart wearables, a terminal needs to be extremely small to facilitate use in these scenarios. For example, the IoT terminal used for goods management in the circulation link usually uses the form of an electronic tag and is incorporated into the goods packaging in a very compact way. As another example, a lightweight wearable device can improve a user's experience while meeting user requirements.

[00102] The scenario with an extremely low cost requirement for IoT communication is described below.

[00103] In various IoT communication scenarios, the cost of the IoT terminal must be low enough to improve competitiveness compared to other alternative technologies. For example, in a logistics or warehousing scenario, in order to facilitate the management of a large number of circulating items, the IoT terminal can be attached to each item, thus completing the precise management of the entire logistics process and the entire logistics period through communication between the terminal and the logistics network. The prices of IoT terminals must be competitive enough in these scenarios.

[00104] Therefore, to cover these unmet IoT communication requirements, ultra-low-cost, extremely small size, battery-free / maintenance-free IoT must also be developed on the cellular network, and zero-power consumption IoT alone satisfies this requirement.

[00105] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 31 / 254 25 / 86 standardization discussion process, zero-power consumption IoT can also be called ambient energy-enabled IoT (Ambient IoT). Ambient IoT (which can also be called A-IoT) means IoT devices that use various ambient energies, such as wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy. These devices may have no energy storage capability or have very limited energy storage capability (such as using a capacitor with a capacity of tens of μF (microfarads)).

[00106] Based on the discussion of the scenarios to which ambient IoT is applied, ambient IoT can be applied in at least the following four types of scenarios:

[00107] Recognition of objects, such as logistics, production line product management, supply chain management;

[00108] Environmental monitoring, such as monitoring temperature, humidity and noxious gases in the work environment and in the natural environment;

[00109] Positioning, such as internal positioning, intelligent object search, production line item positioning, etc.; and

[00110] Intelligent control, such as intelligent control of various electrical appliances in a smart home (turning an air conditioner on and off, adjusting the temperature) and intelligent control (automatic watering, fertilization) of various installations in agricultural greenhouses.

[00111] Sixth, the ADC is described below.

[00112] The ADC is configured to convert the received analog signal into a digital signal. The accuracy of Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 32 / 254 26 / 86 ADC is generally described by the number of bits, and the number of bits determines the size of the value that can be recorded by the ADC. For example, 8 bits record 0-255, 10 bits record 01023, and so on. Therefore, whenever the number of bits in the ADC increases by one bit, the range of the recorded value is doubled and the precision is doubled.

[00113] Due to the cost and power consumption limitations of zero-power devices, the receiver of a zero-power device is usually relatively simple, and the resolution of the ADC module is low, such as 1 bit or N bits. Therefore, the zero-power device may not be able to accurately measure signal strength, such as the reference signal reception power (RSRP), etc. A large error may occur in the measurement result.

[00114] However, in the existing cellular system, the terminal device measures the service cell and the neighboring cell and determines whether to perform cell re-selection or cell transfer, in order to ensure that the user always connects to the cell with the best signal quality during movement and to guarantee the quality of subsequent communications.

[00115] Seventh, the method of managing mobility in the cellular system is described below.

[00116] The management of mobility in the cellular system has different approaches depending on the state of Radioelectric Resource Control (RRC).

[00117] Cell selection and re-selection are performed in an inactive / RRC inactive state. As the network side does not yet know the user's equipment within its Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 33 / 254 27 / 86 coverage, mobility management, in this case, is implemented in EU-controlled mode.

[00118] a) For the initial cell selection, the UE must search for a suitable cell according to its capacity, scanning all carriers in the Equivalent Noise Resistance (ENR) frequency band. At each carrier frequency, the UE searches only for the cell with the strongest signal. Once a suitable cell is found, the UE selects the cell.

[00119] b) Selecting a cell with stored information requires carrier frequency information and information related to cell parameters (optional) that are stored in advance and are from previously received measurement control information or previously detected cells. Once the UE finds a suitable cell, the UE will select the found cell. If no suitable cell is found, the initial cell selection must be initiated.

[00120] Here, different frequencies or Radio Access Technology (RAT) priority information provided to the UE via system information or dedicated signaling are not used during cell selection. The service cell may transmit information (such as frequency points, cell IDs, reference signal settings) from neighboring candidate cells.

[00121] Cell transfer is performed in the RRC connected state. The user equipment has established an RRC connection with the accessed base station. The base station can perform measurement configuration for the UE via the RRC message, and the measurement configuration includes the Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 34 / 254 28 / 86 configurations of a frequency point, a target cell, a reference signal, etc.

[00122] In this document, the user can report a measurement result to the network, and the network determines whether to perform the cell transfer and sends a transfer indication. Alternatively, the user determines whether to perform the cell transfer and executes the cell transfer according to the measurement result and a transfer condition configured by the network.

[00123] The reference signals of different cells may use different sequences, different features in the time domain, different features in the frequency domain, etc., to make it easier for the user to distinguish the reference signals of different cells. For example, with respect to the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and the secondary synchronization signal (SSS), different Physical Cell IDs (PCIs) may correspond to different random sequences.

[00124] Therefore, the zero-power consumption device (or Ambient IoT device) has low complexity, low cost, and can be maintenance-free and battery-free. The zero-power consumption device can be classified into: the passive zero-power consumption terminal, the semi-passive zero-power consumption terminal, the active zero-power consumption terminal, etc. Energy (such as radio frequency energy, light energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, kinetic energy, etc.) in the environment is collected to obtain energy for communication. The zero-power consumption device can support backscatter communication or it can also support other forms of communication. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 35 / 254 29 / 86 active transmission.

[00125] A high-density, large-scale deployment of zero-power consumption devices can be implemented at a low cost. Furthermore, due to the battery-free and free characteristics of zero-power consumption devices, they have enormous application potential in areas such as industrial sensor networks, smart homes, smart agriculture, logistics and warehousing, smart wearables, and healthcare, etc. Zero-power consumption devices can be combined with sensor devices to perform environmental monitoring, hazard warning, alarm processing, etc.

[00126] Zero-power consumption devices have the characteristics of being battery-free, maintenance-free, low-cost, etc. However, such characteristics can have a significant impact on user mobility measurement and management as follows. Firstly, the energy collected and stored in the zero-power consumption device may be small, and the zero-power consumption device is not suitable for frequent Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements. Secondly, the receiver module of the zero-power consumption device is very simple and may not have the capacity to accurately measure, for example, the RSRP / Reference Signal Reception Quality (RSRQ) / Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SINR) of the signal.

[00127] In some deployment scenarios (such as smart logistics, smart parks, wearable devices, etc.), the A-IoT device is mobile, and mobility management is required for it to function. However, Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 36 / 254 30 / 86 Due to limitations in service characteristics, capacity limitations, operational power consumption, etc., of the A-IoT itself, the receiver module of the A-IoT device is very simple. For example, the receiver module can only perform simple envelope detection, but cannot perform signal-related reception. Therefore, the user's equipment cannot measure the downlink signal and obtain measurement results, such as RSRP / RSRQ / SINR. In other words, precise measurement cannot be implemented through A-IoT to implement cell transfer, cell re-selection, and other operations.

[00128] Considering the limitations of the service characteristics, capacity limitations, operational energy consumption, etc. of the zero-power consumption device / A-IoT device, traditional mobility management methods and flows are no longer adequate, and it is necessary to design a mobility management method and flows for the zero-power consumption device / A-IoT device.

[00129] The technical solution of the modalities of the present disclosure can be used to solve at least one of the technical problems mentioned above.

[00130] Figure 6 is a schematic flowchart of a measurement method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method may optionally be applied to the system shown in Figure 1 or 2, but is not limited to it. The method includes operation S610.

[00131] In the S610 operation, a terminal device sends the first uplink signals to N network devices. The first uplink signals Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 37 / 254 31 / 86 are used for measurement to determine whether the terminal device should be activated to perform the cell transfer, where N is a positive integer.

[00132] According to the method, the terminal device sends an initial uplink signal to the network device, and the network device receives the initial uplink signal. The triggering of the terminal to perform the cell transfer is determined by measuring the uplink signal. Therefore, under the impact of service characteristic limitations, capacity limitations, and operating power consumption of the terminal device, the signal can be accurately measured, and terminal device mobility management can be implemented, thus ensuring communication quality.

[00133] Optionally, the terminal device may include a zero-power consumption terminal (AIoT device), a terminal device with a simple structure receiver incapable of performing accurate measurements, or a traditional terminal device, etc.

[00134] Optionally, the first uplink signal is sent by active transmission or backscatter communication. For example, a terminal device (e.g., a traditional terminal device or a zero-power consumption terminal with an active transmitter) capable of generating a carrier signal for communication can send the first uplink signal by active transmission, and a terminal device (e.g., the zero-power consumption terminal without the active transmitter) without the capability to generate the carrier signal for communication can send the first uplink signal by backscatter communication. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 38 / 254 32 / 86 backscatter.

[00135] Optionally, the N network devices may include one or more devices within the communication range of the terminal device.

[00136] In one example, the operation in which the terminal device sends the first uplink signals to the N network devices includes an operation in which the terminal device transmits the first uplink signal to the N network devices. For example, the terminal device sends the first uplink signal via omnidirectional transmission, so that one or more devices within the communication range can receive the first uplink signal.

[00137] In another example, the operation in which the terminal device sends the first uplink signals to the N network devices includes an operation in which the terminal device sends, respectively, to the N network devices, the first uplink signals corresponding to the network devices. For example, the terminal device may respectively send the first uplink signals to the N specific devices according to an indication from the service network device or another network device. Optionally, the first uplink signals corresponding to all grid devices are sent sequentially via beam scanning.

[00138] Optionally, the first uplink signal includes at least one of the following:

[00139] a terminal device ID;

[00140] a service network device ID Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, p. 39 / 254 33 / 86 of the terminal device; or

[00141] an ID of the j-th network device among the N network devices, where the j-th network device is different from the service network device, where j is a positive integer not greater than N.

[00142] For example, in the case where the terminal device sends the first uplink signals via transmission, the terminal device may carry the terminal device ID and the service network device ID in the first uplink signal, to indicate that the first uplink signal is related to the terminal device within a service cell of the network device.

[00143] As another example, in the case of the terminal device sending the first uplink signals by beam scanning, the terminal device may carry the IDs of the network devices in the first uplink signals corresponding to the respective network devices, to indicate that the first uplink signal are measurement reference signals sent to the respective network devices.

[00144] When the terminal device sends the first uplink signal via active transmission, the terminal device can send the first uplink signals to all network devices using the same transmission power or different transmission powers based on the measurement requirement.

[00145] In one example, the operation that the terminal device sends respectively, to the N network devices, the first uplink signals corresponding to Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, p. 40 / 254 34 / 86 network devices includes an operation whereby the terminal device sends, respectively, to the N network devices, the first uplink signals corresponding to the network devices using the same time-frequency resource and the same transmission power.

[00146] Specifically, if the terminal device sends the first uplink signals by broadcast or sends the first uplink signals by beam sweep with the same time-frequency feature, it is necessary to use the same transmission power. In this way, different network devices can have the same initial transmission frequency when measuring the first received uplink signals, which is convenient for calculating path loss.

[00147] In another example, the operation that the terminal device sends, respectively, to the N network devices, the first uplink signal corresponding to the network devices includes an operation that the terminal device sends, to a k-th network device among the N network devices, the first uplink signal based on the power information corresponding to the k-th network device in the measurement-related indication information, where k is a positive integer not greater than N.

[00148] The k-th network device can be any of the N network devices. For example, for each network device, the first uplink signal is sent to the network device using power information corresponding to the network device.

[00149] Specifically, the network device Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 41 / 254 35 / 86 can send measurement-related indication information, including power information, to the terminal device, and the terminal device can, based on the indication information, send the first uplink signals to different network devices using different power information. That is, if communication between the terminal device and each network device is performed according to the network device's programming, the network device can control the signal transmission power and calculate path loss based on the transmission power configured by the network device.

[00150] When the terminal device sends the first uplink signal in the form of backscatter communication, the first uplink signal is obtained by modulating a carrier signal provided by a power supply node, or a service network device, or each of the N network devices.

[00151] For example, the terminal device can perform backscatter communication based on a carrier with constant power supplied by a dedicated power supply device.

[00152] As another example, the terminal device can perform backscatter communication by taking the signal from the original service network device as a carrier signal. For example, the carrier signal can be measurement-related indication information or it can be other signals.

[00153] As another example, the terminal device can perform backscatter communication based on the carrier signal provided by each network device. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 42 / 254 36 / 86

[00154] In some embodiments, the terminal device may send the first uplink signals if the indication information from the network device is received by the terminal device. Specifically, before the terminal device sends the first uplink signals to the N network devices, the measurement method additionally includes an operation whereby: the terminal device receives the first indication information from a first network device, wherein the first indication information instructs the terminal device to send the first uplink signals to the N network devices, and the N network devices include a second network device and the first network device.

[00155] In this document, the first network device can be a specific network device. For example, the first network device can be a service network device of the terminal device. In this document, the service network device can refer to a current service network device or it can refer to a service network device for the terminal device's previous communication.

[00156] For example, the first indication information can trigger the terminal device to send the first uplink signals to the first network device and other network devices (e.g., the second network device). For instance, the first indication information is sent in a predetermined situation to trigger the terminal device to send the first uplink signals to the network devices within the communication range. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 43 / 254 37 / 86

[00157] For example, the first indication information can also indicate a transmission configuration parameter or other information related to the first uplink signal.

[00158] In one example, the initial indication information may include a first sequence, and the first sequence instructs the terminal device to send the first uplink signals based on a transmission configuration parameter corresponding to the first sequence.

[00159] Specifically, the first sequence is a predefined sequence or a pre-agreed sequence, and the first sequence corresponds to a transmission configuration parameter or a group of transmission configuration parameters. When the terminal device recognizes that the received information includes the first sequence, the terminal device can send the first uplink signals based on the transmission configuration parameter corresponding to the first sequence.

[00160] Optionally, the transmission configuration parameter corresponding to the first sequence is preconfigured, for example, the transmission configuration parameter is agreed upon in a protocol or configured semi-statically by the first network device.

[00161] Optionally, the initial indication information may be control information / programming information with a parameter. For example, the initial indication may include at least one of:

[00162] a transmission configuration parameter for the first uplink signal; Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 44 / 254 38 / 86

[00163] an identifier (ID) of the terminal device;

[00164] an ID of the first network device;

[00165] beam information from the first network device;

[00166] an ID of the second network device;

[00167] beam information from the second network device; or

[00168] a transmission mode of the first uplink signal.

[00169] For example, the transmission configuration parameter includes at least one of the following: time domain information, frequency domain information, space domain information, code domain information, or power domain information. Time domain information may include a time domain position of the first uplink signal or a time interval between the time domain position and a time domain position of the first indication information. Frequency domain information may include a frequency domain position of the first uplink signal or a frequency offset. Space domain information is, for example, beam information. Code domain information is, for example, pre-coding-related information. Power domain information is, for example, the transmission power of the first uplink signal.

[00170] For example, the network device ID included in the initial information is, for example, the ID of the first network device and / or the ID of the second. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 45 / 254 39 / 86 network device, and can instruct the terminal device to determine a target for receiving the first uplink signal.

[00171] For example, the beam information included in the initial indication information can be used by the terminal device to send the first uplink signal to the corresponding network device by means of beam scanning.

[00172] For example, the transmission mode of the first uplink signal can be unicast or broadcast. Here, unicast means that, for example, the terminal device communicates sequentially with multiple network devices. Optionally, beam switching or scanning can be performed. Broadcast means that, for example, the terminal device omnidirectionally sends the first uplink information.

[00173] It should be understood that the initial indication information may be configured differently according to different scenarios.

[00174] For example, in some scenarios, the first uplink signal is sent omnidirectionally by default. In this case, the initial indication information may include the transmission configuration parameter of the first uplink signal and the terminal device ID, but does not include the beam information of each network device and the transmission mode.

[00175] As another example, in some scenarios where the transmission configuration parameter of the first uplink signal is pre-agreed and the mode of Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 46 / 254 40 / 86 transmission of the first uplink signal can be configured by the service network device; the initial indication information may include the terminal device ID, the ID and beam information of the first network device, the ID and beam information of the second network device, and the transmission mode of the first uplink signal.

[00176] As another example, in some scenarios where the transmission mode of the first uplink signal can be configured by the service network device, but the communication configuration between the terminal device and another network device can be configured by the other network device, the first indication information may include the terminal device ID, the ID and beam information of the first network device, etc.

[00177] The embodiment of this disclosure also provides an optional implementation for configuring communication from another network device. In the implementation, before the terminal device sends the first uplink signals to the N network devices, the measurement method additionally includes an operation in which the terminal device receives second indication information from the second network device. The second indication information instructs the terminal device to send the first uplink signal to the second network device. That is, the second network device controls the signal transmission between the second network device and the terminal device by sending the second indication information.

[00178] Optionally, the second network device is another network device, among the N devices of Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 47 / 254 41 / 86 network, different from the network service device of the terminal device.

[00179] Optionally, the second piece of referral information includes at least one of:

[00180] a transmission configuration parameter for the first uplink signal;

[00181] a terminal device ID;

[00182] a terminal device group ID;

[00183] a service network device ID terminal device;

[00184] an ID of the second network device; or

[00185] beam information from the second network device.

[00186] Optionally, the second network device can send the second indication information to the terminal device based on an indication from the network device serving it.

[00187] For example, the service network device may configure the terminal device to send the first uplink signals to the N network devices via beam scanning; and instruct the second network device to send the second indication information to indicate the transmission configuration information to the terminal device. Thus, the second indication information may include the transmission configuration information of the first uplink signal and the terminal device ID that are sent by the second network device.

[00188] As another example, after the service network device sends the first information Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 48 / 254 42 / 86 indication for the terminal device: If the service network device does not receive feedback from the terminal device within a predetermined duration, the service network device may instruct the second network device to send the second indication information within the service coverage of the second network device, to trigger the terminal device to send the first uplink signal to the second network device to complete the measurement and mobility management processing. Thus, the second indication information may include the terminal device ID, the terminal device group ID, the terminal device service network device ID, etc., so that the terminal device trusts the second network device and sends the first uplink signal to the second network device.

[00189] Optionally, the indication information related to the above measurement can be sent by the network device in a predetermined situation or can be triggered based on information sent by the terminal device.

[00190] For example, the terminal device may initiate a measurement procedure using measurement assistance information. Specifically, before the terminal device receives the first indication information or the second indication information, the measurement method may additionally include an operation in which the terminal device sends measurement assistance information if a first condition is met. The measurement assistance information instructs an i-th Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 49 / 254 43 / 86 network device among the N network devices to send the measurement-related indication information, where i is a positive integer not greater than N.

[00191] Measurement-related indication information may include the first indication information mentioned above. Optionally, measurement-related indication information may additionally include the second indication information mentioned above.

[00192] For example, the terminal device can send measurement assistance information to each network device within the communication range. For instance, the terminal device can transmit measurement assistance information.

[00193] For example, the first condition includes at least one of the following conditions:

[00194] a current moment is a predefined periodic node (i.e., the terminal device periodically sends measurement assistance information);

[00195] a communication time interval between the terminal device and a network device serving the terminal device exceeds a first limit;

[00196] the number of communications between the terminal device and the service network device after a measurement is triggered exceeds one second limit;

[00197] the intensity of a first downlink signal received by the terminal device from the service network device is less than a third threshold;

[00198] the signal strength of the power supply received by the terminal device is less than one Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 50 / 254 44 / 86 fourth limit;

[00199] a duration of energy harvesting from the terminal device is greater than one fifth of the limit; or

[00200] a first event occurs.

[00201] For example, the first event includes that a random access is initiated and / or the terminal device moves.

[00202] In practical applications, one of the conditions mentioned above or a combination of several conditions may be selected for implementation according to the requirements of the scenarios or the service characteristics of the terminal device.

[00203] For example, the terminal device can periodically send measurement assistance information and determine the time interval (i.e., the time interval between the previous communication and the current communication) of communications between the terminal device and the real-time service network device, and can also send measurement assistance information when the communication time interval reaches the first limit.

[00204] As another example, the terminal device periodically communicates with the service network device, and after the previous measurement is triggered, the number of communications between the terminal device and the service network device exceeds the second threshold, indicating that the terminal device has not initiated measurement for a long time, and the terminal device may initiate measurement by sending measurement assistance information. If the terminal device's power is obtained based on the power supply signal sent by the service network device... Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 51 / 254 45 / 86 service, the terminal device can send measurement assistance information when the power supply signal strength received by the terminal device is less than a fourth limit or the energy harvesting duration of the terminal device is greater than a fifth limit (which indicates that the energy harvesting efficiency is low).

[00205] As another example, the terminal device is usually stationary. When a parameter of the terminal device's sensor changes, or the terminal location information received by the terminal device from the service network device indicates that the terminal device's location has changed, this indicates that the terminal device has been moved. In this case, measurement assistance information must be sent to initiate a measurement, in order to find a network device with better communication quality after the movement.

[00206] Optionally, measurement assistance information includes at least one of:

[00207] a second sequence or uplink control information to indicate that a measurement is required;

[00208] a terminal device ID; or

[00209] a network device ID for terminal device service.

[00210] In practical applications, the terminal device ID and the service network device ID are included in the measurement assistance information. Therefore, when the terminal device is outside the service coverage of the service network device, another network device that received the measurement assistance information will be used. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 52 / 254 46 / 86 can also indicate that a measurement is required for the terminal device to the service network device or third-party device. Optionally, the second indication information can be sent to the terminal device from another network device that has received the measurement assistance information, so that the terminal device sends the first uplink signal to perform the measurement.

[00211] Optionally, after the terminal device sends the first uplink signal, the measurement method may include an operation in which the terminal device receives third-party indication information, wherein the third-party indication information indicates a measurement result.

[00212] Optionally, the third-party indication information may be from the service network device, from any of the N network devices, or from a third-party device, for example, a primary network entity for terminal mobility management, etc.

[00213] Optionally, third-party referral information may include at least one of:

[00214] information on whether a mobile phone transfer is required;

[00215] a terminal device ID;

[00216] a network device ID for terminal device service.

[00217] an ID of a target cell in cell transfer; or

[00218] target cell configuration information. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 53 / 254 47 / 86

[00219] For example, third-party information may indicate that the terminal device needs to perform the cell transfer and may carry target cell configuration information. The terminal device may perform the cell transfer based on the target cell configuration information.

[00220] Optionally, the measurement method may additionally include an operation in which the terminal device receives the fourth indication information. The fourth indication information is from a target cell network device during cell transfer, and the fourth indication information indicates the target cell configuration information.

[00221] For example, in the case where the measurement result indicated by the third indication information is that cell transfer is required, and the third indication information carries the target cell ID, the terminal device can receive the fourth indication information from the target cell network device and perform the cell transfer based on the target cell configuration information indicated in the fourth indication information.

[00222] As another example, in the case where no third indication information is provided in the system, after the terminal device sends the first uplink signal, the target cell's network device may send fourth indication information to the terminal device, to indicate that the terminal device needs to switch to the target cell, and the terminal device performs the cell transfer based on the information. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 54 / 254 48 / 86 target cell configuration indicated in the fourth indication information.

[00223] Optionally, the measurement method may additionally include an operation in which the terminal device sends confirmation information to M network devices, wherein the M network devices include the target cell network device and M is a positive integer.

[00224] Optionally, the confirmation information may acknowledge third-party referral information or acknowledge fourth-party referral information.

[00225] Optionally, M network devices may additionally include an original service network device of the terminal device. For example, in the case where the original service network device sends the third-party indication information, the terminal device may also send an acknowledgment of the third-party indication information to the original service network device.

[00226] The measurement method in the embodiment of the present disclosure and the technical details of the network device side of the measurement method are exemplarily described below from the perspective of the network device.

[00227] Figure 7 is a schematic flowchart of a measurement method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The method includes operation S710.

[00228] In the S710 operation, a third network device receives a first uplink signal from a terminal device. The first uplink signal is used for measurement to determine whether the terminal device should be triggered to perform the cell transfer.

[00229] In an exemplary manner, the third Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 55 / 254 49 / 86 network device can be one of the N network devices in the aforementioned mode.

[00230] In practical applications, each of the N devices receives and measures the first uplink signal and obtains a measurement result for the first uplink signal. For example, the measurement result is at least one of RSRP, RSRQ, or SINR. The N network devices can send the measurement results to each other or send the measurement results to a third-party device to summarize the measurement results of all network devices. For example, the third-party device could be a network entity on the main network or it could be a device such as a server.

[00231] For example, each network device or third-party device can determine, according to a predefined rule, whether the terminal device performs the cell transfer and a target cell of the cell transfer. For example, the predefined rule is that when the network device with the highest RSRP is not the network device serving the terminal device, the terminal device is triggered to perform the cell transfer and the target cell is the network device with the highest RSRP.

[00232] Optionally, before the first uplink signal is received from the terminal device, the measurement method may additionally include an operation in which the third network device sends the first indication information to the terminal device. The first indication information instructs the terminal device to send the first uplink signals to the N network devices, and the N network devices include the Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, p. 56 / 254 50 / 86 third network device and a fourth network device, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[00233] For example, the third network device is a service network device for the terminal device. In other words, if the third network device is the service network device for the terminal device, the third network device can send the first indication information to the terminal device.

[00234] Optionally, the operation in which the third network device sends the first indication information to the terminal device may include an operation in which the third network device sends the first indication information to the terminal device if a second condition is met.

[00235] For example, the second condition includes at least one of the following conditions:

[00236] a current moment is a predefined periodic node (i.e., the third network device periodically sends the first indication information);

[00237] a communication time interval between the terminal device and a service network device is greater than a first limit;

[00238] the number of communications between the terminal device and the service network device after a measurement is triggered exceeds one second limit;

[00239] The intensity of a second uplink signal received by the service network device from the terminal device is less than one-sixth of the threshold; or Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 57 / 254 51 / 86

[00240] a second event occurs.

[00241] In an exemplary manner, the second event includes at least one of the following:

[00242] paginate;

[00243] dynamically program the terminal device to perform data transmission; or

[00244] dynamically program the terminal device to perform data reception.

[00245] In practical applications, one of the conditions mentioned above or a combination of several conditions may be selected for implementation according to the requirements of the scenarios or the service characteristics of the terminal device.

[00246] Optionally, the initial indication information may be broadcast information, multicast information or unicast information per EU.

[00247] For example, if the second condition includes a condition that the time interval of communications between the terminal device and the service network device is greater than the first limit, or includes that the number of communications between the terminal device and the service network device after the measurement is triggered is greater than the second limit, the network device may send the first indication information to the terminal device in unicast form for the terminal device's measurement.

[00248] As another example, the second condition includes a condition that the current moment is the predefined periodic node, the third network device can periodically broadcast or multicast the initial indication information, to allow the device Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 58 / 254 52 / 86 terminal within the service coverage of the third network device or the terminal device within the specified group sends the first uplink signal.

[00249] Optionally, the initial indication information includes a first sequence, and the first sequence instructs the terminal device to send the first uplink signal based on a transmission configuration parameter corresponding to the first sequence.

[00250] Optionally, the transmission configuration parameter is pre-configured or semi-statically configured by the third network device.

[00251] Optionally, the initial referral information includes at least one of the following:

[00252] a transmission configuration parameter for the first uplink signal;

[00253] a terminal device ID;

[00254] a third network device ID;

[00255] beam information from a third network device;

[00256] an ID of a fourth network device;

[00257] beam information from a fourth network device; or

[00258] a transmission mode of the first uplink signal.

[00259] Optionally, the transmission configuration parameter includes at least one of the following: time domain information, frequency domain information, space domain information, code domain information, or power domain information. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 59 / 254 53 / 86

[00260] Optionally, the measurement method may additionally include an operation in which the third network device sends fifth indication information to the fourth network device. The fifth indication information instructs the fourth network device to receive the first uplink signal and measure the first uplink signal.

[00261] Optionally, the fifth indication information may further instruct the fourth network device to send the second indication information to the terminal device.

[00262] For example, the third network device can configure the terminal device to send the first uplink signals to the N network devices by beam scanning and instruct, via the fifth indication information, the fourth network device to send the second indication information to indicate the transmission configuration information to the terminal device.

[00263] As another example, after the third network device sends the first indication information to the terminal device, and if the third network device does not receive feedback from the terminal device within a predetermined period, the third network device can instruct, through the fifth indication information, the fourth network device to send the second indication information within the service coverage of the fourth network device, to trigger the terminal device to send the first uplink signal to the second network device to complete the Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 60 / 254 54 / 86 measurement processing and mobility management.

[00264] Alternatively, the fifth indication information may be the same as the first indication information. That is, the content included in the fifth indication information is the same as the content included in the first indication information. For example, if the first indication information includes the transmission configuration parameter of the first uplink signal and the terminal device ID, the fifth indication information may also include the transmission configuration parameter of the first uplink signal and the terminal device ID, so that the fourth network device is able to accurately receive the first uplink signal.

[00265] Optionally, the fifth indication information may differ from the first indication information. That is, the content included in the fifth indication information is different from the content included in the first indication information. For example, the first indication information includes IDs of other network devices besides the third network device and the fourth network device among the N network devices, and the fifth indication information may not include the IDs of these other network devices.

[00266] Optionally, the fifth piece of referral information includes at least one of:

[00267] a transmission configuration parameter for the first uplink signal;

[00268] a terminal device ID;

[00269] a third network device ID; Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 61 / 254 55 / 86

[00270] beam information from the third network device;

[00271] an ID of the fourth network device;

[00272] beam information from the fourth network device; or

[00273] a transmission mode of the first uplink signal.

[00274] In some cases, the measurement method may additionally include an operation in which the third network device sends second indication information to the terminal device. The second indication information instructs the terminal device to send the first uplink signal to the third network device.

[00275] For example, the third network device is different from the service network device of the terminal device. That is, if the third network device is not the service network device of the terminal device, the third network device can send the second indication information to the terminal device to control the signal transmission between the third network device and the terminal device.

[00276] In an exemplary manner, the second indication information includes at least one of:

[00277] a transmission configuration parameter for the first uplink signal;

[00278] a terminal device ID;

[00279] a terminal device group ID;

[00280] a network device service ID of the terminal device;

[00281] a third network device ID; Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 62 / 254 56 / 86

[00282] beam information from the third network device.

[00283] For example, the second indication information can be triggered to be sent based on the sixth indication information sent by the terminal device's service network device. Specifically, the operation in which the third network device sends the second indication information to the terminal device includes an operation that, after receiving the sixth indication information, the third network device sends the second indication information to the terminal device. The sixth indication information is from the terminal device's service network device, and the sixth indication information instructs the third network device to receive the first uplink signal and measure the first uplink signal.

[00284] Optionally, before the measurement-related indication information is sent to the terminal device, the measurement method may additionally include an operation in which the third-party network device receives measurement assistance information from the terminal device. The measurement assistance information instructs the third-party network device to send the measurement-related indication information.

[00285] In other words, the network device can be triggered by the measurement assistance information from the terminal device to send the aforementioned indication information. For example, the terminal device can send the measurement assistance information if the first condition is met, and the first condition can Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 63 / 254 57 / 86 to be configured with reference to the aforementioned modality, which is not repeated in this document.

[00286] Optionally, measurement assistance information includes at least one of:

[00287] a second sequence or uplink control information to indicate that a measurement is required;

[00288] a terminal device ID; or

[00289] a network device ID for terminal device service.

[00290] Optionally, after the third network device receives the first uplink signal, the measurement method may additionally include an operation in which the third network device sends third-party indication information to the terminal device. The third-party indication information indicates a measurement result.

[00291] Optionally, if the third network device is the terminal device's service network device, the third network device may send the third-party indication information to the terminal device.

[00292] Optionally, the third indication information includes at least one of the following:

[00293] information on whether a mobile phone transfer is required;

[00294] a terminal device ID;

[00295] a network device ID for terminal device service.

[00296] an ID of a target cell for cell transfer; or Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 64 / 254 58 / 86

[00297] target cell configuration information.

[00298] Optionally, after the first uplink signal is received by the third network device, the measurement method may include an operation as follows.

[00299] If the third network device is a network device of the target cell for the cell transfer, the third network device sends the fourth indication information to the terminal device. The fourth indication information indicates the configuration information of the target cell.

[00300] Optionally, after the third network device sends the third or fourth indication information to the terminal device, the measurement method may additionally include an operation in which the third network device receives confirmation information from the terminal device.

[00301] With reference to Figures 8 and 9, a specific application example is provided below to show technical details in the aforementioned embodiment through an interaction between the terminal device and the network device. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an interaction between a terminal device and a network device in the application example. Figure 9 is a flowchart of a measurement method in the application example.

[00302] In the zero-power consumption communication scenario, communication between the terminal device and the network device is primarily event-driven, or intermittent and discontinuous, and the terminal device Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 65 / 254 59 / 86 generally does not need to remain connected to the network device all the time. Considering that the terminal device is mobile, when the terminal device moves within the service ranges of various network devices, the link quality of another network device may be better than that of the current network device, and the terminal device needs to be disconnected from the current network device and paired with a new network device. Therefore, mobility management is necessary.

[00303] The network device can initiate terminal device measurement based on a predefined condition to determine if a new cell selection, cell transfer, or other processing is required. For example, terminal device measurement is initiated periodically or initiated based on at least one of the following conditions:

[00304] a time interval between the previous communication between the network device and the terminal device and the current communication between the network device and the terminal device is greater than a limit X;

[00305] the number of communications between the network device and the terminal device after a measurement is greater than a limit Y;

[00306] when the terminal device communicates with the network device, the signal strength of the terminal device as measured by the network device is less than the Z limit; or

[00307] start of a measurement due to an emergency, how to start pagination.

[00308] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, in case Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 66 / 254 60 / 86 if the aforementioned predefined condition is met, the current service network device (in some cases, it may also be the previous service network device) of the terminal device can initiate terminal device measurement. Specifically, the initiation includes operation S901.

[00309] In operation S901, the service network device sends measurement control information 1 (corresponding to the first indication information) to the terminal device. The measurement control information 1 controls or programs the terminal device to perform communication and send an uplink communication signal.

[00310] Measurement control information 1 can be broadcast information, multicast information or unicast information per EU.

[00311] Measurement control information 1 can be a predefined sequence associated with a measurement procedure or control information / programming information with a configuration parameter.

[00312] When measurement control information 1 is a sequence, the terminal device sends the uplink signal using a communication control parameter that is agreed upon in the protocol or semi-statically configured by the network device. The communication control parameter includes at least one control information, such as time domain control information, frequency domain control information, spatial domain control information, code domain control information, or power domain control information to send the uplink signal. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 67 / 254 61 / 86

[00313] When measurement control information 1 is the control information / programming information that carries the configuration parameter, measurement control information 1 includes at least one of:

[00314] one or more time-domain, frequency-domain, space-domain, code-domain, or power-domain information to send the uplink signal;

[00315] power information from measurement control information 1;

[00316] a terminal device ID;

[00317] an ID of a current service network device;

[00318] current service network device beam information;

[00319] a device ID of a neighboring network device;

[00320] beam information from neighboring network device;

[00321] a transmission mode of the terminal device.

[00322] In this document, the transmission mode includes either mode 1 or mode 2. Mode 1 means that the terminal device performs communication (optionally, beam switching) with multiple network devices sequentially; and mode 2 means that the terminal device performs communication (optionally, omnidirectional transmission) with multiple network devices sequentially. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, p. 68 / 254 62 / 86 transmitted.

[00323] Optionally, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, the measurement method additionally includes operation S902.

[00324] In operation S902, the service network device sends measurement control information 1 or measurement control information 2 (corresponding to the fifth indication information, and the fifth indication information may be the same as or different from the first indication information) to the neighboring network device. Specifically, the service network device may send measurement control information 1 to the neighboring network device. Alternatively, the service network device may send measurement control information 2 that is different from measurement control information 1 to the neighboring network device. For example, measurement control information 2 does not need to include the ID of the neighboring network device.

[00325] Optionally, as shown in Figure 9, the measurement method additionally includes operation S 903.

[00326] In the S903 operation, the neighboring network device sends communication indication information (corresponding to the second indication information) to the terminal device.

[00327] In this document, communication indication information controls the transmission of an uplink communication signal (which is similar to measurement control information 1 and can be used as a complement to measurement control information 1) when the terminal device communicates with the network device. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 69 / 254 63 / 86 neighbor.

[00328] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the measurement method additionally includes operation S904.

[00329] In operation S904, the terminal device sends an uplink communication signal (corresponding to the first uplink signal) to the service network device and the neighboring network device. The uplink communication signal can be transmitted or sent to multiple network devices sequentially (based on measurement control information 1 and / or communication indication information).

[00330] Optionally, when the terminal device sends the uplink communication signal, the uplink communication signal must contain at least one of the terminal device ID, the original service network device ID, or the neighboring network device ID.

[00331] Optionally, uplink communication signals sent by the terminal device to different network devices may carry the same information; or they may carry different information, such as different IDs, and uplink communication signals may carry IDs of neighboring network devices based on communication indication information based on different neighboring network devices. Optionally, uplink communication signals may contain the ID of the original service network device.

[00332] As shown in Figure 9, the measurement method additionally includes operation S905.

[00333] In operation S905, the network device of Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 70 / 254 The 64 / 86 service and the neighboring network device receive and measure the uplink communication signal sent by the terminal device, to obtain a measurement result from the same terminal device; and determine, according to the predefined rule, whether cell transfer should be performed and a destination transfer cell in the cell transfer.

[00334] Optionally, as shown in Figure 9, the measurement method additionally includes operation S906.

[00335] In operation S906, the service network device sends measurement result indication information (corresponding to third-party indication information) to the terminal device.

[00336] In this document, the measurement result indication information may include the following indication information:

[00337] if cell transfer is required;

[00338] an ID of a target cell for cell transfer; or

[00339] Basic target cell configuration information for delivery.

[00340] The terminal device receives the measurement result indication information and performs the cell transfer when cell transfer is required.

[00341] Optionally, as shown in Figure 9, the measurement method additionally includes operation S907.

[00342] In the S907 operation, the network device adjacent to the destination transfer cell can send Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 71 / 254 65 / 86 network device configuration information (corresponding to the fourth indication information) for the terminal device.

[00343] Optionally, as shown in the Figure 9, the measurement method additionally includes operation S908.

[00344] In the S908 operation, the terminal device sends confirmation information to the neighboring network device of the destination transfer cell. The confirmation information can be confirmation information for the measurement result indication information (optionally, confirmation information can be sent to the original service device and the neighboring destination network device) or it can be confirmation information for the network device configuration information.

[00345] In this case, the neighboring network device becomes a new service network device for the terminal device.

[00346] The flow shown in Figure 9 is a flow of the measurement method where the terminal device is still within the service range of the original service network device. When the terminal device is outside the service range of the original service network device, the communication indication information carries at least the terminal device ID, the neighboring network device ID, and the original service network device ID. Optionally, the communication indication information may contain identification information indicating the measurement to trigger the terminal device to send the uplink communication signal. The terminal device sends Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 72 / 254 66 / 86 is the uplink communication signal to the neighboring network device based on the communication indication information sent by the neighboring network device.

[00347] With reference to Figures 10 and 11, another specific application example is provided below, to show technical details in the aforementioned modality through an interaction between the terminal device and the network device. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of an interaction between a terminal device and a network device in the application example. Figure 11 is a flowchart of a measurement method in the application example.

[00348] The movement of the terminal device is apparent to the terminal device, but to the network device, the network device is usually not sure if the terminal is moving. Therefore, in zero-power consumption communication, the measurement may be requested or triggered by the terminal device.

[00349] As shown in Figures 10 and 11, the measurement method includes operation S1101.

[00350] In operation S1101, when the terminal device satisfies a predefined condition, the terminal device can send measurement assistance information. The measurement assistance information triggers the network device to perform the measurement.

[00351] For example, measurement assistance information is sent periodically or based on at least one of the following conditions:

[00352] a time interval between the current communication between the terminal device and the network device and the previous communication between the terminal device and the Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 73 / 254 67 / 86 network device is greater than a limit X;

[00353] the number of communications between the terminal device and the network device after a measurement is triggered is greater than the limit Y;

[00354] when the terminal device communicates with the network device, the signal strength of the network device measured by the terminal device is less than the Z limit; or when energy harvesting is performed based on a radio frequency signal, the harvesting efficiency is less than the M limit or the energy harvesting duration is greater than a limit;

[00355] a measurement start due to an emergency, such as starting random access, a terminal movement (a change in a terminal sensor parameter or a change in a location in the terminal location information received from the network device, etc.).

[00356] For example, the measurement assistance information for the terminal device includes at least one of the following:

[00357] a sequence of resources or control information that identifies the triggering of a network device measurement procedure;

[00358] terminal device identification information; or

[00359] Original service network device ID information of the terminal device.

[00360] The measurement method may additionally include operations S1102 to S1109. Operations S1102 to S1109 are similar to operations S901 to S908 in the application example mentioned above, which are not repeated in this one. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 74 / 254 68 / 86 document. It should be noted that the terminal device may be located within the service range of the original service network device or may be outside the service range of the original service network device. When the terminal device is outside the service range of the original service network device, the service network device may not receive the measurement configuration information and may not trigger the S1102 operation, but it may trigger the S1104 operation, and the neighboring network device sends the communication indication information to the terminal device.

[00361] Figure 12 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device 1200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The terminal device 1200 may include a first communication module 1201.

[00362] The first communication module 1201 is configured to send the first uplink signals to N network devices, wherein the first uplink signals are used for measurement to determine whether the terminal device should be triggered to perform the cell transfer, wherein N is a positive integer.

[00363] Optionally, the first uplink signal is sent via an active transmission method or a backscatter communication method.

[00364] Optionally, the first communication module 1201 is configured to receive initial indication information from a first network device. The initial indication information instructs the terminal device 1200 to send the first uplink signals to the N network devices, and the N network devices Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 75 / 254 69 / 86 includes a second network device and the first network device.

[00365] Optionally, the first network device is a 1200 terminal device service network device.

[00366] Optionally, the initial indication information includes a first sequence, and the first sequence instructs the 1200 terminal device to send the first uplink signals based on a transmission configuration parameter corresponding to the first sequence.

[00367] Optionally, the transmission configuration parameter is pre-configured or is semi-statically configured by the first network device.

[00368] Optionally, the initial referral information includes at least one of the following:

[00369] a transmission configuration parameter for the first uplink signal;

[00370] an identifier (ID) of the terminal device;

[00371] an ID of the first network device;

[00372] beam information from the first network device;

[00373] an ID of the second network device;

[00374] beam information from the second network device; or

[00375] a transmission mode of the first uplink signal.

[00376] Optionally, the transmission configuration parameter includes at least one of the following: information Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 76 / 254 70 / 86 time domain, frequency domain information, space domain information, code domain information, or power domain information.

[00377] Optionally, the first communication module 1201 is configured to: receive second indication information from the second network device. The second indication information instructs the terminal device 1200 to send the first uplink signal to the second network device.

[00378] Optionally, the second network device is a network device different from the service network device of terminal device 1200 among the N network devices.

[00379] Optionally, the second piece of referral information includes at least one of:

[00380] a transmission configuration parameter for the first uplink signal;

[00381] a terminal device ID 1200;

[00382] a terminal device group ID 1200;

[00383] a service network device ID of the terminal device 1200;

[00384] an ID of the second network device; or

[00385] beam information from the second network device.

[00386] Optionally, the first communication module 1201 is configured to send measurement assistance information if a first condition is met. The measurement assistance information instructs an i-th network device among the N network devices to Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 77 / 254 71 / 86 send measurement-related indication information, where i is a positive integer not greater than N.

[00387] Optionally, the first condition includes at least one of the following conditions:

[00388] a current moment is a predefined periodic node;

[00389] a communication time interval between terminal device 1200 and a service network device of terminal device 1200 is greater than a first limit;

[00390] the number of communications between the terminal device 1200 and the service network device after a measurement is triggered is greater than one second limit;

[00391] the intensity of a first downlink signal received by terminal device 1200 from the service network device is less than a third threshold;

[00392] the signal strength of the power supply received by terminal device 1200 is less than a fourth limit value;

[00393] a terminal device energy collection duration of 1200 is greater than one-fifth of the limit; or

[00394] a first event occurs.

[00395] Optionally, the first event includes that a random access is initiated and / or the terminal device 1200 moves.

[00396] Optionally, measurement assistance information includes at least one of:

[00397] a second sequence or uplink control information to characterize that a measurement Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 78 / 254 72 / 86 is required;

[00398] a terminal device ID 1200; or

[00399] a network device ID for terminal device service 1200.

[00400] Optionally, the first communication module 1201 is configured to: receive third-party indication information. The third-party indication information indicates a measurement result.

[00401] Optionally, the third indication information includes at least one of the following:

[00402] information on whether a mobile phone transfer is required;

[00403] a terminal device ID 1200;

[00404] a network device ID for terminal device service 1200.

[00405] an ID of a target cell for cell transfer;

[00406] target cell configuration information.

[00407] Optionally, the first communication module 1201 is configured to receive the fourth indication information. The fourth indication information is from a target cell network device during cell transfer, and the fourth indication information indicates target cell configuration information.

[00408] Optionally, the first communication module 1201 is configured to send confirmation information to network devices M. Network devices M include the target cell network device, where M is a positive integer. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 79 / 254 73 / 86

[00409] Optionally, the M network devices additionally include a 1200 terminal device original service network device.

[00410] Optionally, the first uplink signal includes at least one of the following:

[00411] a terminal device ID 1200;

[00412] a network device ID for terminal device service 1200; or

[00413] an ID of a j-th network device among N network devices, where the j-th network device is different from the service network device, and ej is a positive integer not greater than N.

[00414] Optionally, the first communication module 1201 is configured to send the first uplink signals to the N network devices via broadcast.

[00415] Optionally, the first communication module 1201 is configured to send, respectively, to the N network devices, the first uplink signals corresponding to the network devices.

[00416] Optionally, the first uplink signal corresponding to each network device is sent via beam scanning.

[00417] Optionally, the first communication module 1201 is configured to send, respectively, to the N network devices, the first uplink signals corresponding to the network devices using the same time-frequency resource and the same transmission power. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 80 / 254 74 / 86

[00418] Optionally, the first communication module 1201 is configured to send, to the k-th network device among the N network devices, the first uplink signal based on the power information corresponding to the k-th network device in the measurement-related indication information, where k is a positive integer not greater than N.

[00419] Optionally, the first uplink signal is obtained by modulating a carrier signal provided by a power supply node, or a service network device, or each of the N network devices.

[00420] The 1200 terminal device in the embodiments of this disclosure has the capability to implement the functions of the terminal device in the embodiments of the method mentioned above. The flow, function, implementation, and beneficial effect corresponding to each module (submodule, unit, or component, etc.) in the 1200 terminal device will not be described in this document with reference to the corresponding description in the embodiments of the method above. It should be noted that the functions described in each module (submodules, units, or components, etc.) in the 1200 terminal device of the embodiments of this disclosure may be implemented by different modules (submodule, unit, or component, etc.) or by the same module (submodule, unit, or component, etc.).

[00421] Figure 13 is a schematic block diagram of a third network device 1300 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The third network device 1300 may include a second communication module 1301.

[00422] The second communication module 1301 is Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 81 / 254 75 / 86 is configured to receive an initial uplink signal from a terminal device. The initial uplink signal is used for measurement to determine whether the terminal device should be triggered to perform the cell transfer.

[00423] Optionally, the first uplink signal is sent in active transmission or backscatter communication mode.

[00424] Optionally, the second communication module 1301 is configured to send initial indication information to the terminal device. The initial indication information instructs the terminal device to send the first uplink signals to N network devices, and the N network devices include the third network device 1300 and a fourth network device, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[00425] Optionally, the third 1300 network device is a terminal device service network device.

[00426] Optionally, the second communication module 1301 is configured to send initial indication information to the terminal device if a second condition is met.

[00427] Optionally, the second condition includes at least one of the following conditions:

[00428] a current moment is a predefined periodic node;

[00429] a communication time interval between the terminal device and the service network device exceeds a first limit; Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 82 / 254 76 / 86

[00430] The number of communications between the terminal device and the service network device after a measurement is triggered exceeds one second limit;

[00431] The intensity of a second uplink signal received by the service network device from the terminal device is less than one-sixth of the threshold; or

[00432] a second event occurs.

[00433] Optionally, the second event includes at least one of:

[00434] paginate;

[00435] dynamically program the terminal device to perform data transmission; or

[00436] dynamically program the terminal device to perform data reception.

[00437] Optionally, the initial indication information includes a first sequence, and the first sequence instructs the terminal device to send the first uplink signals based on a transmission configuration parameter corresponding to the first sequence.

[00438] Optionally, the transmission configuration parameter is pre-configured or is semi-statically configured by the third 1300 network device.

[00439] Optionally, the initial referral information includes at least one of the following:

[00440] a transmission configuration parameter for the first uplink signal;

[00441] a terminal device ID;

[00442] a third network device ID 1300; Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 83 / 254 77 / 86

[00443] beam information from the third network device 1300;

[00444] an ID of the fourth network device;

[00445] beam information from the fourth network device; or

[00446] a transmission mode of the first uplink signal.

[00447] Optionally, the transmission configuration parameter includes at least one of the following: time domain information, frequency domain information, space domain information, code domain information, or power domain information.

[00448] Optionally, the second communication module 1301 is configured to send fifth indication information to the fourth network device. The fifth indication information instructs the fourth network device to receive the first uplink signal and measure the first uplink signal.

[00449] Optionally, the fifth piece of referral information is the same as the first piece of referral information.

[00450] Optionally, the fifth piece of referral information includes at least one of:

[00451] a configuration parameter for transmitting the first uplink signal;

[00452] a terminal device ID;

[00453] a third network device ID 1300;

[00454] beam information from the third network device 1300;

[00455] a fourth network device ID;

[00456] beam information from the fourth device Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 84 / 254 78 / 86 network; or

[00457] a transmission mode of the first uplink signal.

[00458] Optionally, the second communication module 1301 is configured to send second indication information to the terminal device. The second indication information instructs the terminal device to send the first uplink signal to the third network device 1300.

[00459] Optionally, the third 1300 network device is different from the terminal device service network device.

[00460] Optionally, the second piece of referral information includes at least one of:

[00461] a transmission configuration parameter for the first uplink signal;

[00462] a terminal device ID;

[00463] a terminal device group ID;

[00464] a service network device ID of the terminal device;

[00465] a third network device ID 1300; or

[00466] beam information from the third network device 1300.

[00467] Optionally, the second communication module 1301 is configured to, after receiving sixth indication information, send second indication information to the terminal device.

[00468] The sixth indication information is from the terminal device service network device, and the Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 85 / 254 79 / 86 sixth indication information instructs the third network device 1300 to receive the first uplink signal and measure the first uplink signal.

[00469] Optionally, the second communication module 1301 is configured to receive measurement assistance information from the terminal device. The measurement assistance information instructs the third network device to send measurement-related indication information.

[00470] Optionally, measurement assistance information includes at least one of:

[00471] a second sequence or uplink control information to indicate that a measurement is required;

[00472] a terminal device ID; or

[00473] a network device ID for terminal device service.

[00474] Optionally, the second communication module 1301 is configured to send third-party indication information to the terminal device. The third-party indication information indicates a measurement result.

[00475] Optionally, third-party referral information includes at least one of the following:

[00476] information on whether a mobile phone transfer is required;

[00477] a terminal device ID;

[00478] a network device ID for terminal device service;

[00479] an ID of a target cell in cell transfer; or Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 86 / 254 80 / 86

[00480] target cell configuration information.

[00481] Optionally, the second communication module 1301 is configured to send fourth indication information to the terminal device if the third network device 1300 is a network device of a target cell in the cell transfer. The fourth indication information indicates target cell configuration information.

[00482] Optionally, the second communication module 1301 is configured to receive confirmation information from the terminal device.

[00483] Optionally, the first uplink signal includes at least one of the following:

[00484] a terminal device ID;

[00485] a network device ID for terminal device service; or

[00486] a third network device ID 1300.

[00487] The third 1300 network device in the embodiments of this disclosure has the capability to implement the corresponding functions of the network device in the embodiments of the method mentioned above. The flow, function, implementation, and beneficial effect corresponding to each module (submodule, unit, or component, etc.) in the third 1300 network device will not be described in this document with reference to the corresponding description in the embodiments of the method above. It should be noted that the functions described in relation to each module (submodules, units, or components, etc.) in the third 1300 network device of the embodiments of this disclosure may be implemented by different Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 87 / 254 81 / 86 modules (submodule, unit or component, etc.) or by the same module (submodule, unit or component, etc.).

[00488] Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a 1400 communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The 2200 communication device includes a 2210 processor. The 1410 processor can call and execute computer programs from a memory to cause the 1400 communication device to implement the methods in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[00489] In one embodiment, the communication device 1400 may additionally include a memory 1420. The processor 1410 may call and execute computer programs from the memory 1420 to enable the communication device 1400 to implement the methods in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[00490] The 1420 memory can be a separate device independent of the 1410 processor or it can be integrated into the 1410 processor.

[00491] In one embodiment, the communication device 1400 may also include a transceiver 1430. The processor 1410 may control the transceiver 1430 to communicate with other devices. Specifically, the transceiver 430 may be controlled to send information or data to other devices or to receive information or data from other devices.

[00492] The 1430 transceiver may include a transmitter and a receiver. The 1430 transceiver may additionally include an antenna(s), and the number may be one or more.

[00493] In one embodiment, the 1400 communication device can be the terminal device in Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, p. 88 / 254 82 / 86 methods of this disclosure, and the 1400 communication device may implement corresponding flows implemented by the terminal device in each method of the methods of this disclosure, which will not be elaborated on in this document for the sake of brevity.

[00494] In one embodiment, the 1400 communication device may be the network device in the embodiments of this disclosure, and the 1400 communication device may implement corresponding flows implemented by the network device in each method of the embodiments of this disclosure, which will not be elaborated upon in this document for the sake of brevity.

[00495] Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a 1500 chip according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The 1500 chip includes a 1510 processor, and the 1510 processor can call and execute computer programs from a memory to implement the methods in the embodiments of the disclosure.

[00496] In one embodiment, the 1500 chip may additionally include a 1520 memory. The 1510 processor may call and execute computer programs from the 1520 memory to implement the method executed by the terminal device in embodiments of this disclosure.

[00497] The 1520 memory can be a separate device independent of the 1510 processor or it can be integrated into the 1510 processor.

[00498] In one embodiment, the 1500 chip may additionally include a 1530 input interface. The 1510 processor may control the 1530 input interface to communicate with the other device or chip. Specifically, the Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 89 / 254 The 83 / 86 1530 input interface is controlled to acquire information or data from another device or chip.

[00499] In one embodiment, the 1500 chip may additionally include a 1540 output interface. The 1510 processor may control the 1540 output interface to communicate with the other device or chip. Specifically, the 1530 output interface is controlled to send information or data to the other device or chip.

[00500] In one embodiment, the chip may be applied to the terminal device in the embodiments of this disclosure, and the chip may implement corresponding flows implemented by the terminal device in each method of the embodiments of this disclosure, which will not be elaborated on in this document for the sake of brevity.

[00501] In one embodiment, the chip can be applied to the network device in the embodiments of this disclosure, and the chip can implement corresponding flows implemented by the network device in each method of the embodiments of this disclosure, which will not be elaborated on in this document for the sake of brevity.

[00502] It should be understood that the chips mentioned in the embodiments of this disclosure may also be referred to as system-level chips, system chips, chip systems or on-chip system chips, etc.

[00503] The processors above may be general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPSs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, and discrete hardware components. The processor Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 90 / 254 The 84 / 86 general-purpose component mentioned above could be a microprocessor or any conventional or similar processor.

[00504] The memory mentioned above may be volatile or non-volatile memory, or it may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electrical EPROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM).

[00505] It should be understood that the above memory is exemplary, but not restrictive. For example, memory in the embodiments of the present disclosure may also be static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronization link DRAM (SLDRAM), direct Rambus RAM (DR RAM), etc. That is, memory in the embodiments of the present disclosure is intended to include, without limitation, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[00506] Figure 16 is a schematic block diagram of a 1600 communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication system 1600 includes a terminal device 1601 and a third network device 1602.

[00507] Terminal device 1601 is configured to execute the method performed by the terminal device in any of the method modes mentioned above.

[00508] The third network device 1602 is configured to execute the method executed by the third Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 91 / 254 85 / 86 network device in any of the method modes mentioned above.

[00509] The foregoing embodiments may be implemented wholly or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, it may be implemented wholly or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions according to the embodiments of this disclosure are generated. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions may be stored on a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium.Computer instructions can be transmitted from one site, computer, server, or data center to another site, computer, server, or data center in a wired manner (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, and Direct Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wirelessly (such as infrared, wireless, and microwave). Computer-readable storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, including one or more integrations of available media and a data center. Available media can be magnetic media (such as a floppy disk, hard disk, and magnetic tape), optical media (such as a Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)), or other media. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 92 / 254 86 / 86 semiconductor (such as a Solid State Drive (SSD)) or similar.

[00510] It should be understood that, in various embodiments of this disclosure, a magnitude of a sequence number for each process does not signify an execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic and should not form any limit for a process implementation of the embodiments of the disclosure.

[00511] Those skilled in the art can learn clearly about this in relation to the specific work processes of the system, device and unit described above; reference can be made to the corresponding processes in the embodiments of the method and will not be elaborated upon in this document for a convenient and brief description.

[00512] Only the specific implementations of the disclosure are described above, and the scope of protection of the disclosure is not limited to that. Any apparent variations or substitutions for those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the disclosure shall be covered by the scope of protection of the disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the disclosure will be subject to the scope of protection of the claims. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 93 / 254

Claims

1 / 7 CLAIMS 1. MEASUREMENT METHOD characterized by comprising: sending, by a terminal device, the first uplink signals to N network devices, wherein the first uplink signals are used for measurement to determine whether the terminal device should be activated to perform the cell transfer, N being a positive integer.

2. METHOD, according to claim 1, characterized in that the first uplink signal is sent in an active transmission or backscatter communication manner.

3. METHOD, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by further comprising: receiving, by the terminal device, the first indication information from a first network device, wherein the first indication information instructs the terminal device to send the first uplink signals to the N network devices, and the N network devices comprise a second network device and the first network device, wherein the first network device is a service network device of the terminal device.

4. METHOD, according to claim 3, characterized in that the first indication information comprises at least one of: a transmission configuration parameter of the first uplink signal; an identifier (ID) of the terminal device; Petition 870250089294, 10 / 01 / 2025, p. 94 / 254 2 / 7 an ID of the first network device; beam information of the first network device; an ID of the second network device; beam information of the second network device; or a transmission mode of the first uplink signal, wherein the transmission configuration parameter comprises at least one of time domain information, frequency domain information, space domain information, code domain information, or power domain information.

5. METHOD, according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by further comprising: receiving, by the terminal device, second indication information from a second network device, wherein the second indication information instructs the terminal device to send the first uplink signal to the second network device, wherein the second network device is a network device other than a service network device of the terminal device among the N network devices.

6. METHOD, according to claim 5, characterized in that the second indication information comprises at least one of: a transmission configuration parameter of the first uplink signal; a terminal device ID; a terminal device group ID; a terminal device service network device ID; a second network device ID; or beam information of the second network device.

7. METHOD, according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by further comprising: sending, by the terminal device, measurement assistance information in the event that a first condition is satisfied, wherein the measurement assistance information instructs an i-th network device among the N network devices to send measurement-related indication information, wherein i is a positive integer not greater than N, wherein the first condition comprises at least one of the following conditions: a current moment is a predefined periodic node; a time interval of communications between the terminal device and a service network device of the terminal device exceeds a first limit; a number of communications between the terminal device and the service network device after a measurement is triggered exceeds a second limit;an intensity of a first downlink signal received by the terminal device from the service network device is less than a third threshold; an intensity of a power supply signal received by the terminal device is less than a fourth threshold value; Petition 870250089294, 10 / 01 / 2025, p. 96 / 254 4 / 7 a duration of power capture from the terminal device is greater than a fifth threshold; or a first event occurs, wherein the first event comprises an event in which a random access is initiated and / or the terminal device moves, wherein the measurement assistance information comprises at least one of: a second sequence or uplink control information to characterize that a measurement is required; a terminal device ID; or a service network device ID of the terminal device.

8. METHOD, according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by further comprising: receiving, by the terminal device, third-party indication information, wherein the third-party indication information indicates a measurement result, wherein the third-party indication information comprises at least one of: information about whether cell transfer is required; a terminal device ID; an ID of a network device serving the terminal device; an ID of a target cell in cell transfer; target cell configuration information.

9. METHOD, according to any of claims 1 to 8 of Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, page 97 / 254 5 / 7, characterized by further comprising: receiving, by the terminal device, the fourth indication information, wherein the fourth indication information is from a network device of a target cell in the cell transfer, and the fourth indication information indicates configuration information of the target cell, and wherein the method further comprises: sending, by the terminal device, confirmation information to M network devices, wherein the M network devices comprise the network device of the target cell, M being a positive integer.

10. METHOD, according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the first uplink signal comprises at least one of: a terminal device ID; a terminal device service network device ID; or a j-th network device ID among the N network devices, wherein the j-th network device is different from a service network device, wherein j is a positive integer not greater than N.

11. MEASUREMENT METHOD characterized by comprising: receiving, by a third network device, a first uplink signal from a terminal device, wherein the first uplink signal is used for measurement to determine whether the terminal device should be activated to perform the cell transfer.

12. METHOD, according to claim 11, Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, p. 98 / 254 6 / 7, characterized by further comprising: sending, by the third network device, initial indication information to the terminal device, wherein the initial indication information instructs the terminal device to send the first uplink signals to N network devices, and the N network devices comprise the third network device and a fourth network device, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, wherein the third network device is a service network device of the terminal device, wherein the sending, by the third network device, of the initial indication information to the terminal device comprises: sending, by the third network device, the initial indication information to the terminal device if a second condition is met,wherein the second condition comprises at least one of the following conditions: a current moment is a predefined periodic node; a time interval of communications between the terminal device and the service network device exceeds a first limit; a number of communications between the terminal device and the service network device after a measurement is triggered exceeds a second limit; the strength of a second uplink signal received by the service network device from the terminal device is less than a sixth limit; or Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, p. 99 / 254 7 / 7 a second event occurs, wherein the second event comprises at least one of: paging; dynamically programming the terminal device to perform data transmission; or dynamically programming the terminal device to perform data reception.

13. METHOD, according to claim 12, characterized by the first indication information comprising a first sequence and wherein the first sequence instructs the terminal device to send the first uplink signals based on a transmission configuration parameter corresponding to the first sequence.

14. TERMINAL DEVICE characterized by being configured to execute the method as defined in any one of claims 1 to 10.

15. THIRD NETWORK DEVICE characterized by being configured to execute the method as defined in any one of claims 11 to 13. Petition 870250089294, dated 10 / 01 / 2025, p. 100 / 254

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