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Modified polymer foam material and preparation method for same

A technology of foam materials and polymers, applied in the direction of coating, etc., can solve the problems of low oil absorption, low oil absorption rate, low absorption capacity, etc., and achieve the effect of fast and efficient oil absorption and good mechanical properties

Active Publication Date: 2013-12-18
CHANGCHUN INST OF APPLIED CHEMISTRY - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Among them, inorganic oil-absorbing materials, such as clay and zeolite, do not have oil-absorbing properties or have very weak oil-absorbing properties (M.O.Adebajo, R.L.Frost, et al.Journal of Porous Materials 10:159-170, 2003), although they can be listed in the table of inorganic materials The surface is connected with a hydrophobic group to improve its oil absorption performance, but for gel-type and porous inorganic oil-absorbing materials, the oil absorption is low (O.K.Karakasi, A.Moutsatsou.Fuel 89 (2010) 3966-3970)
Natural polymer materials such as corn stalks (M.Husseien, A.A.Amer, et al.J.Anal.Appl.Pyrolysis 86 (2009) 360-363), cotton, kapok fiber, milkweed (R.S.Rengasamy, D.Das, et al. al.Journal of Hazardous Materials 186 (2011) 526-532), etc., due to the characteristics of regeneration, wide range of sources and rich in reactive functional groups, it can have certain oil absorption properties through surface hydrophobic modification, but there are still low oil absorption problems (G Deschamps, et al.Environ.Sci.Technol.2003.37.1013-1015), and its biodegradable characteristics make it difficult for this kind of material to be stored for a long time as a preventive material (D.Ceylan, S.Dogu, et al. Environ. Sci. Technol, 43 (2009), 3846-3852)
Common synthetic polymer oil-absorbing materials are mainly oil-absorbing resins, such as gel-type oil-absorbing resins, which are usually products obtained by copolymerization and crosslinking of long-chain acrylates and dienes like divinylbenzene (DVB) (Xiao-Ming Zhou, Cheng Zhi Chuai, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol.115 (2010), 3321-3325), has good hydrophobic properties and adsorption properties, but the oil absorption rate is low, and it is difficult to meet the needs of emergencies
[0004] Hydrophobic polymer non-woven materials can make up for the lack of low oil absorption rate of the above-mentioned gel-type oil-absorbing resin. Depending on the diameter, pore size, and properties of the oil, it can generally quickly reach absorption saturation in a few minutes to tens of minutes. However, the absorption capacity of this type of polypropylene-based oil-absorbing material is still low, generally not higher than 15g / g, which largely limits its application

Method used

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Examples

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preparation example Construction

[0020] The invention provides a kind of preparation method of modified polymer foam material, comprises the following steps:

[0021] In the presence of a dehydrating agent and an acylation catalyst, the polyvinyl acetal foam material and acid chloride are subjected to a substitution reaction in an organic solvent at 25°C to 150°C, and after 1 hour to 170 hours of reaction, the modified polymer foam material is obtained ;

[0022] The apparent density of described polyvinyl acetal foam material is 0.04g / cm 3 ~0.09g / cm 3 , and the water absorption rate is 1800%~2800%; the acid chloride is C 1 ~C 22 Aliphatic monoacyl chloride or C 7 ~C 20 Aromatic monoacyl chlorides.

[0023] In the present invention, the polyvinyl acetal foam material, acid chloride, dehydrating agent, acylating catalyst and organic solvent are mixed in a reactor to carry out substitution reaction, the reaction temperature is 25°C~150°C, and the reaction time is 1 hour~170°C Hours, the modified polymer ...

Embodiment 1

[0047] 100g of polyvinyl alcohol with a degree of polymerization of 1500 and a degree of alcoholysis of 98% is dissolved in 900g of hot water to form a solution with a mass percentage of 10%, to which 10g of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, 10g Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 65mL formaldehyde and 25g potato starch were mixed evenly and then poured into a blender and stirred for 20 minutes; 500mL of sulfuric acid with a mass percentage of 50% was added thereto, and after continuing to stir for 20 minutes, the Pour the stirred liquid into an acid-resistant mold, put it in a constant temperature box, react at 40°C for 24 hours to solidify and form, wash and dry to obtain a polyvinyl acetal foam material with an apparent density of 0.051g / cm 3 , The water absorption rate is 2800%.

Embodiment 2

[0049] Add 2g of the polyvinyl acetal foam material prepared in Example 1, 10g of grade 4A molecular sieves, 100mL of toluene, 0.5mL of pyridine and 5g of stearyl chloride into a clean 250mL round bottom flask, react at 25°C for 170h, and dry to obtain Modified polymer foam.

[0050] Take 0.1 g of the obtained modified polymer foam material, and measure the saturation absorption time, absorption rate and oil recovery rate of kerosene respectively according to the method described above. The measurement results show that the saturated absorption time is 5s, the absorption rate is 24g / g, and the oil recovery rate is 91.0%.

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Abstract

The invention provides a modified polymer foam material and a preparation method for the same. The method comprises the following steps of: in the presence of a dehydrating agent and an acylation catalyst, performing substitution reaction on C1-C22 aliphatic monoacyl chloride or C7-C20 aromatic monoacyl chloride and a polyvinyl acetal foam material having an apparent density of 0.04-0.09 g / cm<3> and a water absorptivity of 1800-2800% in an organic solvent at 25-150 DEG C, reacting for 1-170 hours, and then obtaining the modified polymer foam material. According to the invention, the reaction conditions such as the temperature and the time are controlled to completely substitute hydroxyl in the polyvinyl acetal foam material, so that the hydrophilicity of the polyvinyl acetal foam material is obviously reduced, and lipophilicity is given to the polyvinyl acetal foam material; and the polyvinyl acetal foam material is good in mechanical property, and capable of guaranteeing maintenance for the open pore structure thereof after modification with the conditions aforementioned, so that the modified polymer foam material is rapid in oil absorption, high in oil absorption amount and high in application value.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polymer materials, in particular to a modified polymer foam material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of the economy, oil spills have occurred frequently, and a large amount of organic hydrocarbons have flowed into water bodies, causing serious harm to the marine ecological environment and human living environment. Therefore, how to deal with these pollutants in time has become an urgent The problem. Currently, some types of materials such as dispersants, sedimentants, gelling agents, combustion agents, biodegradants, and oil absorbents, including Corexit 9500 and Corexit 9527 produced by Naclo, have been applied to the treatment of these pollutants in water. Among them, the application of oil-absorbing agents or oil-absorbing materials has attracted much attention because it can collect and separate oil from water. [0003] Acco...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C08J9/36C08L29/14C09K3/32
Inventor 潘艳雄姬相玲王伟财彭超石凯罗云霞
Owner CHANGCHUN INST OF APPLIED CHEMISTRY - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI