Aluminum air battery electrolyte and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an aluminum air battery electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum air batteries. The aluminum air battery electrolyte contains a strong base and a green ionic liquid corrosion inhibitor, wherein the concentration of the strong base is 4-6 mol / L, and the concentration of the green ionic liquid corrosion inhibitor is 0.05-2.0 mmol / L; the strong base is one of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide; and in the green ionic liquid corrosion inhibitor, kations are imidazole or imidazole substituted derivatives, and anions are at least one or a combination of two of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TFO) anions and bistrifluoromethanesulfonimide (TFSI) anions. The kations and the anions of the ionic liquid have the effect of a composite corrosion inhibitor formed by a traditional organic surfactant and an inorganic surfactant, hydrogen evolution can be effectively inhibited, self discharge of a battery can be greatly reduced, and the corrosion inhibition efficiency of the corrosion inhibitor can reach 98.315% when the corrosion inhibitor is used for the aluminum air battery.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an aluminum-air battery electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of aluminum-air batteries. Background technique [0002] The research on aluminum-air batteries began in the 1960s. S.Zaromb et al. first proposed the concept of aluminum-air batteries and conducted theoretical feasibility studies. In 1993, the Alcan Group launched the Altrek electric vehicle. When the aluminum-air battery is used alone, the specific energy reaches 220Wh / kg, and the energy conversion efficiency from the battery to the driving engine can reach 83%. [0003] However, it is a pity that the aluminum-air battery has not really achieved large-scale market application so far. The main problems are: there is a passivation film on the surface of aluminum, which affects the electrochemical activity of aluminum; aluminum is an amphoteric metal element, which determines that it is prone to serious hydrogen evolution corr...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, it is a pity that the aluminum-air battery has not really achieved large-scale market application so far. The main problems are: there is a passivation film on the surface of aluminum, which affects the electrochemical activity of aluminum; aluminum is an amphoteric metal element, which determines that it is prone to serious hydrogen evolution corrosion in a strong alkaline environment, and its products float in the electrolyte to affect the progress of the entire electrochemical reaction, resulting in excessive consumption of anode materials and increased internal electrical loss of the battery; unique The semi-open system makes the air electrode vulnerable to the influence of external humidity, and the "flooding" or "drying up" of the aluminum anode, or even "alkali climbing" or "leakage" occurs, thus causing damage to the structure of the entire air battery

The cost of anode alloying is high and the process is relatively cumbersome. People began to consider replacing the electrolyte or adding corrosion inhibitors to ensure the performance of the aluminum-air battery, so as to minimize the corrosion of the electrolyte on aluminum.

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