Blank for tube plate forming, manufacturing method of blank and tube plate in-vitro forging method

[0066] Example one

[0067] This embodiment provides a blank forming a plate, see Figure 1 to 2 Including the in vitro forging area 71 and the in vitro forging area 72 located on the edge of the in vivo forging area 71, the thickness of the in vivo forging area 71 is smaller than the thickness of the in vitro forging region 72, the thickness H of the in vivo forging region 71 is the final size of the tube sheet forming, the edge of the blank The axial cross-sectional shape is a hologram, i.e., the shape of the above blank is a shape of the thickness of the intermediate thin.

[0068] During the implementation, the body forging area 71 of the blank is completed within the forging equipment (e.g., free force forging press, cranking press, helical pressure machine, friction press or forged hammer), and the body of the billet is completed outside the forging equipment. During the in vitro forging of the blank, since the in vivo forging area 71 has been completed within the forging equipment, only the in vitro forging area 72 of the blank is required to be forged, so that the thickness is reduced to the final size of the tube plate formation.

[0069] Compared with the prior art, the billet provided for the pipe plate is divided into the body forging area 71 completed in the forging equipment and the in vitro forging area 72 completed outside the forging equipment, that is, the tube plate Forging is divided into two processes in vivo forging and in vitro, so that during the in vitro forging of the tube sheet, only the in vitro forging zone 72 is forged, so that the length of the beam is too short, hammer head It is not possible to extend a farther distance, resulting in all the scope of the hammer, which can only cover the blank, which can only act on the edge of the blank, and the billet provided by the tube sheet provided by the present embodiment is the basis and guarantee of forging forging equipment.

[0070] In order to further facilitate the forging of the billet of the tube sheet, the outer diameter D (i.e., the diameter of the blank is smaller) is less than the position 12 spacing of the forging equipment, exemplarily, the outer diameter of the body 12 pitch and the outer diameter of the billet D difference is 100 ~ 150mm. The outer diameter D of the body of the billet is defined within the above range, not only to increase the diameter of the blank overall, not only the demand for super-large tube sheets in vitro, but also conveniently the blank from the forging equipment.

[0071] For diameter D, specifically, it is calculated using the following formula:

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] Where D is the diameter of the in vivo forging area, M; D 2 Table 12 pitch, m; L 2 The lateral distance of the tube 12 extends to the center of the forging equipment, M; L1 is the lateral distance of the hammer head and the center of the forging equipment center, m; D is the final diameter of the blank, m.

[0075] For the thickness of in vitro forging h, according to the above-described calculated body forging area diameter D and volume constant principles, it is calculated using the following formula:

[0076]

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] Where H is the thickness of the in vitro forging, m; V is the final volume of the pipe plate forming, M 3 D is the final diameter of the blank, m; h is the thickness of the in vivo forging area, m; h is the thickness of the in vitro forging area, m.

[0080] In summary, the main dimensional parameters involved in the billet of the tube sheet provided by the present embodiment are the thickness of the in vivo forging area H, the in vivo forging area diameter D, the in vitro forging area thickness H, and the outer exterior diameter D of the billet can be used. The method is determined, thereby obtaining the overall size parameters of the blank, and it is to be noted that since the in vitro forging zone 72 is provided in the edge of the in vivo forging area 71, the in vitro forging area is equal to the diameter of the in vivo forging area D.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] This embodiment provides a method of fabricating a billet forming a plate plate. See image 3 The sheet for making the tube sheet provided by the example is included in the form of the step of the following steps:

[0083] Step 1: Upsetting the steel ingot to obtain the original blank;

[0084] Step 2: In the forging device, the original blank is compared and exhibited to obtain a blank;

[0085] Step 3: Forging the central area of ​​the treated blank, forming the in vivo forging area 71, the unflow concave and finishing portion is in vitro forging zone 72, thereby producing a blank forming the plate.

[0086] The beneficial effect of the method for producing the sheet formed by the sheet provided by the present embodiment is substantially the same as the beneficial effect of the sheet formed by the tube sheet provided by the Example.

[0087] Specifically, in the above preparation method, step 3 includes the steps of:

[0088] Step 31: A side of the strip-shaped hammer head is formed by a strip hammer head, and then the circular hammer is complete, and it is necessary to explain that after this fire is completed, one-sided concave The diameter of the blank reaches the maximum blank size that can be forged in the water forging equipment;

[0089] Step 32: Turn the single-sided film 180 °, the bottom pad is formed in a single-sided concave pad, and the other side of the treatment blank is displaced by a circular hammer, forming the body forging area 71, unmovable and fine The whole portion is a billet shaped billet formed by the tube plate, and it is to be explained that the diameter of the blank is treated after the mismatch is removed.

[0090] Example three

[0091] This embodiment provides a method forging a tube plate body, comprising the steps of:

[0092] The fabrication method of making a plate formed by the sheet is made of a method for producing a tube sheet forming blank according to Example 2;

[0093] In addition to the forging device, the body of the body 7 is forged by the hammer 2 of the tooling aid, and the tube sheet is obtained.

[0094] In contrast, the beneficial effect of the tube plate body outging method provided in this example is substantially the same as the beneficial effect of the sheet formed by the tube sheet provided by the Examples, and is not described herein.

[0095] Specifically, the above tooling aids, see Figure 4 to 5The beam body 1, the hammer head 2, and the forging platform 3 defines one end of the beam body 1 as the forging side, and the other end of the beam body 1 is a non-forged side, that is, the hammer head 2 is disposed on the forging side of the beam body 1. The non-forged side is connected to the mounting surface of the forging device, and the forging platform is located in the region of the force of the forging device, and the forging platform 3 is disposed directly below the hammer head 2. When the upper end surface of the beam body 1 is connected to the movable cross member 4 of the forging device, and the movable cross member 4 is located between the forged side and the non-forged side, the beam body 1 and the movable cross member 4 constitute a flat beam, and the blank 7 is placed in the forging platform. 3; During the activity of the active cross member 4, the forged side rotates around the forged side, and can transmit the active cross member of the forging device to the beam of the beam body 1 from the inside of the forging device to the outer side of the forging device, hammer The head 2 forging the in vitro forging area 72 located on the billet 7 on the forged platform 3, the hammer head 2 and the forging platform 3 actually act to deform the in vitro forging area 72 of the blank 7, thereby realizing the tube plate body outgoing. The outer tube plate body is forging, and the upper end surface of the beam body 1 is connected to the movable cross member of the forging device, and the forged side is rotated on the active cross-beam 4, and the forged beam is rotated. Compared to the active beam 4, the movable distance is greater than the movable distance of the active cross member 4, since the forged process is moved to the forging equipment, it is possible to not be subject to the structural size of the forging device (eg, the position distance and the position 12 spacing). Limit, the super-large tube sheet that exceeds the gear distance is integrally formed in free forged manner.

[0096] It is worth noting that during the movement of the active cross member 4, the movement of the movable cross member 4 is up and down, and the movement of the beam body 1 is a composite movement of the upper and lower motion and rotation, in order to make up the movement between the movable cross beam 4 and the beam body 1. Difference, the tool fixing fixture also includes a beam body connector, and the movable cross member 4 is connected to the beam body 1 through the beam body connector, specifically, the beam body connector includes an upper beam body connecting plate 5 and a top beam connection. The lower beam body connecting plate 6 below the plate 5, between the upper beam body connecting plate 5 and the lower beam body connecting plate 6 are cylindrical contact, and the upper beam body connecting plate 5 is fixed to the movable cross member 4, and the lower beam body connecting plate 6 Fixed with the beam body 1. Thus, by providing a beam body connection between the active beam 4 and the beam body 1, the cylindrical surface between the beam body connecting plate 5 and the lower beam body connecting plate 6 and the lower beam body connecting plate 6 can be compensated for the movable cross member 4 and The movement difference between the beam body 1 causes the beam body 1 and the active cross member 4 to achieve a certain amplitude swing and rotation, and convert the rigid connection between the beam body 1 and the movable cross member 4 into a cylindrical flexible connection, avoid activity The beam 4 and the beam body 1 produce excessive strong torque at the connection.

[0097] In order to ensure the smoothness of the cylindrical surface sliding between the upper beam body connecting plate 5 and the lower beam gnerg, the upper beam body connecting plate 5 is smaller than the concave radius of the lower beam body connection plate 6, exemplarily, The ratio of the convex radius of the beam member 5 and the concave radius of the lower beam body connection plate 6 is from 0.9 to 0.98: 1. This is because the ratio of the convex radius of the upper beam body connecting plate 5 and the concave radius of the lower beam body connection plate 6 can be defined within the above range, not only to ensure that the upper beam body connecting plate 5 and the lower beam body connecting plate 6 The smoothness of the sliding can also ensure that the contact area of ​​the upper beam body connecting plate 5 and the lower beam body connecting plate 6 can effectively resist the impact load.

[0098] It is worth noting that the convex radius design of the upper beam body connecting plate 5 depends on the maximum inclination angle of the maximum bias center distance of the forging device, the greater the maximum tilt angle, the larger inclination angle, the desired upper beam body connection plate 5 The larger the convex surface radius, specifically, the convex radius of the upper beam body connecting plate 5 is calculated as follows:

[0099] δ = r × sinα

[0100] δ is the maximum bias center distance of the forging device, and R is the convex radius of the upper beam body connecting plate 5, which is the maximum tilt angle of the bearing plate.

[0101] It is also worth noting that the movement of the beam body 1 is rotated, in order to ensure that the working surface of the hammer 2 can be better in contact with the blank 7, the tooling aid also includes a hammer head connection, the hammer head 2 is connected by a hammer The part is connected to the forging side of the beam body 1, in particular, the hammer head connector includes a hammer head connecting plate 9 and a lower hammer head connecting plate 10 below the upper hammer head connection plate 9, and the upper hammer head connecting plate 9 And the lower hammer head connecting plate 10 is in contact with the upper hammer head connecting plate 9 and the forging side of the beam body 1 fixedly connected, and the lower hammer head connecting plate 10 is fixed to the hammer 2. This is because the height of the tube plate during the deformation process gradually decreases, and as the amount of the pressure of the hammer 2 increases, the beam body 1 occurs a certain degree of tilting, by the forging side of the hammer head 2 and the beam body 1. There is provided a hammer head connector, and the spherical slide between the hammer head connecting plate 9 and the lower hammer head connecting plate 10 can be converted to the rigid connection between the hammer 2 and the beam body 1. The cylindrical flexible connection allows the hammer 2 to a certain degree of swing to ensure that the axis of the hammer head 2 is perpendicular to the wrought surface of the blank 7, and the working surface of the hammer head 2 is surface contact between the forging surface of the blank 7, and improves forging The quality of the supplied tube plate.

[0102] In order to ensure the smoothness of the spherical sliding between the hammer head connecting plate 9 and the lower hammer head connecting plate 10, the hole radius of the upper hammer head connection plate 9 is smaller than the concave ball radius of the lower hammer head connection plate 10, exemplarily, The ratio of the convex radius of the hammer head connecting plate 9 and the concave ball radius of the lower hammer head connecting plate 10 is from 0.9 to 0.98: 1. This is because the ratio of the convex spheroid radius of the upper hammer head connecting plate 9 and the lower hammer head connecting plate 10 is limited to the above range, not only to ensure the hammer head connecting plate 9 and the lower hammer head connecting plate 10. The smoothness of spherical sliding can also ensure that the contact area of ​​the hammer head connecting plate 9 and the lower hammer head connecting plate 10 is effectively resistant to the impact load.

[0103] The connection between the non-forged side of the beam body 1 and the mounting surface of the forging device, in order to be able to buffer the impact of the non-forged side, the tooling aid also includes an elastic box 8, the non-forged side of the beam body 1 passes The elastic box 8 is supported on the mounting surface of the forging device. Thus, by the arrangement of the elastic tank 8, when the active cross member 4 is moved downward and applied to the beam body 1, the non-forged side of the beam body 1 will be in contact with the elastic box 8, and the elastic tank 8 can be paired by the beam body 1. The flexible support is performed by the elastic deformation of the elastic tank 8 can be buffered to the impact of the non-forged side, thereby avoiding breakage of tooling aids caused by the impact to protect the tool fixation, extend the tooling aid Life.

[0104] For the structure of the elastic tank 8, specifically, it includes a casing 81, a cover 82, a spring 83 (e.g., spring 83 comprising a plurality of discs arranged axially along the spring 83, a plurality of discs constitute a set Spring 83) and the guide post 84, one end of the guide post 84 is supported by the spring 83 to the bottom of the casing 81, and the cover 82 is provided at the other end of the guide post 84, and there is a gap between the casing 81 and the cover 82. The body 81 is provided on the mounting surface of the forging device, and the non - forged side of the beam body 1 is supported on the cover 82. Thus, the cover 82 is supported on the casing 81 by the spring 83 and the guide post 84, and there is a certain gap between the casing 81, and when the active cross member 4 is moved down and applied to the beam body 1, the spring 83 changes Short causes the box cover 82 to move in the direction of the casing 81, when the active cross member 4 is moved upward, the spring 83 becomes longer causes the box cover 82 to move away from the cabinet 81, by in the box 81 and box A spring 83 is provided between the cover 82 to impart the elasticity of the elastic tank 8.

[0105] In view of the direction of motion stability of the spring 83 and the movement direction of the guide post 84 affects the cartridge cover 82 and the non-forged side of the beam body 1, the elastic tank 8 also includes a spring guide 85 provided in the casing 81 and The guide post guide 86 is provided in the box cover 82, and the spring 83 portion is placed in the spring guide 85, and the other end of the guide post 84 is inserted into the guide post guide 86, for the spring guide 85 and the guide column guide 86. Shape, exemplarily, both of the shapes can be cylindrical. Thus, by the spring guide 85 can be guided in the direction of the spring 83, the spring 83 can be swayed and inclined during the deformation process, and the direction of the movement of the guide post 84 can be directed by the guide post 84, and reduce the guide post 84. The shaking and tilt during the movement can ensure the stability of the non-forged side of the tank cover 82 and the non-forged side of the beam body 1.

[0106] It is also worth noting that during the movement of the active cross member 4, the beam body 1 is also torque, and therefore, the tooling aid also includes a casing connector, and the non-forged side of the beam body 1 passes. The casing connector is connected to the elastic box 8, specifically, the casing connector includes a housing connection plate 87 and a lower case connecting plate 88, which is mounted below the upper case connecting plate 87, and the upper case connecting plate 87 And the lower case connect plate 88 is in contact with the cylindrical surface, and the upper case connecting plate 87 is fixed to the non-forged side of the beam body 1, and the lower case connecting plate 88 is fixed to the elastic tank 8 (ie, the cover 82). Thus, the cylindrical surface between the casing connecting plate 87 and the lower case connecting plate 88 and the lower case connecting plate 88 are slider between the casing connector 87 and the lower case connecting plate 88. The movement difference between the non-forged side of the beam body 1 and the elastic tank 8 causes the non-forged side and the elastic tank 8 of the beam body 1 to achieve a certain amount of swing and rotation, and the non-forged side and elasticity of the beam body 1. The rigid connection between the box 8 is converted into a cylindrical flexible connection to prevent the non - forged side of the beam 1 and the elastic tank 8 produces excessive strong torque at the connection.

[0107] In order to ensure the smoothness of the cylindrical surface sliding between the casing connecting plate 87 and the lower case connecting plate 88, the hole radius of the upper casing connection plate 87 is smaller than the concave radius of the lower case connecting plate 88, exemplarily, The ratio of the concave radius of the casing connecting plate 87 and the concave radius of the lower case connecting plate 88 is from 0.9 to 0.98: 1. This is because the ratio of the convex radius of the upper casing connection plate 87 and the concave radius of the lower case connecting plate 88 can be defined in the above range, which not only ensures that the upper box connecting plate 87 and the lower case connect plate 88 are The smoothness of the cylindrical slide can also ensure that the contact area of ​​the upper box connect plate 87 and the lower case connecting plate 88 is effectively resistant to the impact load.

[0108] In order to be able to forge respectively, the tooling aid further includes a rotary platform 11 for driving the blank 7, and the rotary platform 11 is provided below the hammer head 2, and the forged platform 3 is forged. That is, the rotating platform 11 is only used for the support and rotation of the blank 7, during which the hammer 2 pair the blank 7, the rotary platform 11 does not withstand the load of the hammer head 2. Illustratively, the rotating platform 11 can be rotated in a drive form of pneumatic, hydraulic or external force.

[0109] In view of the forging process, the forging platform 3 is a stationary state, the rotary platform 11 is a rotational state, in order to avoid interference between the two, the forging platform 3 is common toward the side of the rotating platform 11 and the rotary platform 11. Illustratively, the shape of the rotating platform 11 is circular, and the diameter of the rotary platform 11 is smaller than the diameter of the blank 7, and the forging platform 3 is circularly arc-shaped toward the rotating platform 11, and the integral shape of the forging platform 3 can be the moon. . Thus, during the rotation of the rotary platform 11, the forang platform 3 does not interfere with the rotation of the rotary platform 11; in addition, the forging platform 3 and the rotary platform 11 of such a structure can also reduce the diameter of the rotary platform 11, effective How to place the blank 7 on the turndom surface when the door character hanging is solved.

[0110] It should be noted that in the past, tool fixing aids, all components are rigidly connected, and the losses of the forging equipment and the tooling aid are large, and the pipe plate body provided by the present embodiment is connected by the beam body connection. Parts, hammer head connector and casing connector, both the beam body 1 and the movable cross beam 4, the hammer head 2 and the elastic box 8 are in contact, and the beam body 1 and the active cross member 4, hammer The connections between the head 2 and the elastic box 8 are converted to a flexible connection, thereby ensuring the relative sliding and rotation between the four, while achieving transmission, maximizing the stability and efficiency of tooling aids, Provide technical guarantees to realize engineering applications and large-scale batch production of oversized pipeboards.