Nuclear reactor core melt positioning and cooling system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of nuclear energy, in particular to a system for ensuring the safety of a nuclear power plant, and can be used in severe accidents that cause the destruction of the reactor vessel and its sealed enclosure. The technical result of the invention is increasing the reliability of the positioning and cooling system of the nuclear reactor core melt, increasing the efficiency of removing heat from the nuclear reactor core melt. The technical result is achieved by using a membrane and thermal protection mounted in the region between the multi-layer shell and the truss console in the positioning and cooling system of the nuclear reactor core melt.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of nuclear energy, in particular to a system for ensuring the safety of nuclear power plants, and can be used in serious accidents that cause damage to reactor vessels and their sealed enclosures. [0002] The greatest radiation hazard is a core meltdown accident, which can occur over the course of multiple failures of the core cooling system. [0003] In such an accident, the core melt (corium), which flows beyond its limits by melting the reactor structure and reactor vessel, and residual heat generation remaining in it may violate the integrity of the containment envelope of the nuclear power plant, which is the release of radioactive products to the environment the last barrier in the [0004] To avoid this, it is necessary to position the core melt flowing out of the reactor vessel and ensure that it continues to cool until it is fully crystallized. This function is performed by the positioning and cooling system...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0015] At the moment when the core melt melts (destroys) the reactor vessel, the residual pressure and diffusion of the melt within the reactor vessel are available in the multilayer casing volume and in the peripheral volume located between the multilayer casing, packing and cantilever trusses Under the influence of the gas, it starts to flow into the formed hole, and the gas pressure increases rapidly, which leads to the destruction of the melt positioning and cooling system in the connection area between the multi-layer casing and the cantilever truss

[0016] When the melt enters the multi-layer shell, the truss console and the multi-layer shell can move independently relative to each other due to the effects of heating, shock or earthquake, which may lead to the failure of their sealed connection, thereby destroying the melt positioning and cooling system

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