Non-destructive disassembly apparatus and method for mechanical inertia instruments

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of non-destructive disassembly device for mechanical inertia instrument, including disassembled piece connection positioning mechanism, disassembly limit seat, disassembly screw, disassembly nut, instrument main body connection positioning mechanism, disassembly wrench.Disassembly, disassembled piece connection positioning mechanism low stress fixed disassembled piece, disassembly limit seat or instrument main body connection positioning mechanism limits instrument main body axial movement, under the action of disassembly screw axial force, disassembled piece and disassembled piece connection positioning mechanism together relative disassembly limit seat, disassembly limit seat or instrument main body connection positioning mechanism moves along the axial direction, and separates from instrument main body.The present application also relates to a kind of non-destructive disassembly method for mechanical inertia instrument, including the process of cleaning glue layer, clamping, pre-tightening force, heating, disassembly.The force value of the disassembly device of the present application can be adjusted, kept, and it is convenient to implement disassembly to the assembly of different cooperation precision, separation intensity.The disassembly method of the present application is evenly stressed to disassembled piece, and there is no damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of precision instrument and equipment repair and maintenance technology, specifically a non-destructive disassembly device and method for mechanical inertial instruments. Background Technology

[0002] Inertial instruments are the most important structural units in inertial navigation, including two types of sensing elements: gyroscopes and accelerometers. They are used to sense the angular velocity and acceleration of an aircraft to determine its attitude and position in three-dimensional space, and serve as the benchmark for inertial navigation accuracy. Mechanical inertial instruments belong to precision mechanical instruments, and their performance level mainly depends on the precision of their components and mechanical assembly.

[0003] Rotor-type gyroscopes are typical mechanical gyroscopes, with components often supported by circumferential bearings or nested fits. Connections between components are primarily glued, with some soldering. These instruments, especially high-precision ones, have complex structures and require high component accuracy. Because they lack external balancing mechanisms, out-of-tolerance instruments often need to be disassembled into components supported by multiple interlocking structural parts, each equipped with various functional elements, for rework and reassembly. Pendulum-type accelerometers are widely used in inertial systems. Their servo circuit is packaged together with the main instrument body as a complete unit. Out-of-tolerance instruments also require non-destructive disassembly of the servo circuit assembly to avoid rendering it unusable. Compared to mechanical gyroscopes, they exhibit a more typical disassembly structure.

[0004] Based on the structural and assembly characteristics of the instrument, a reasonable low-stress decomposition process and device can be used to achieve rapid and non-destructive decomposition of related high-precision components, thereby reducing the scrap rate of components, controlling the quality of secondary assembly of products, and significantly reducing production costs and cycle time.

[0005] The rotor-type gyroscope uses a float assembly 6, which contains a sealed motor rotor and is suspended in fluorinated oil, as the rotating mass. Electromagnetic components such as sensors, torque converters, and magnetic bearings are located at both ends of the rotating mass. The stators are respectively mounted on structural components that mate with the circumference or end faces of the housing, forming independent sensor / torque assemblies 34 and end cap assemblies 5. (See...) Figure 1The circumferential clearance between each component and the housing is between 0.006 and 0.02 mm, and they are fixed to the housing by adhesive bonding or sealing. The shaft tip component passes through the central threaded hole of the end cover component 20 to the bearing hole of the rotating mass center. The float compensation element, oil filling nozzle, etc. form a bellows component 33 and are then sealed to the end face of the end cover. High viscosity fluorinated oil is filled into the instrument cavity through the oil filling nozzle and the joint is clamped. The external lead wire is welded to complete the assembly of the whole instrument. Gyroscopes have a closed structure at both ends, and the disassembly of components requires pulling force, making direct disassembly using a press impossible. Components are sequentially installed into the housing cavity, and general-purpose vises or alligator clamps cannot be used to directly hold them in place. Furthermore, the supporting structures of each gyroscope component are axially weak structures with a large diameter-to-thickness ratio, and the fit between components is often at the micrometer level. Directly pulling force after clamping, without a guiding structure, cannot guarantee reliable separation of components along the assembly direction, and the disassembly pulling force is difficult to quantify and control, easily leading to damage to component precision. For inertial instruments using hard and brittle beryllium as the main structural material, even with directional separation disassembly devices, uneven force application during operation can easily cause cracks and render them unusable. When disassembling the entire instrument down to the components, often one of the two connecting parts is cut and destroyed, retaining the relatively more important component. This results in a high component scrap rate and a long disassembly cycle.

[0006] In disassembled structures where axial clearance fits are difficult to remove beforehand, the springback force during the separation of assembled parts can easily introduce potential damage. For example, in a three-float gyroscope, the tip assembly is glued to the central threaded hole of the end cap assembly 5, and its head enters the jewel bearing 2 on the bearing seat 4 mounted at both ends of the float assembly 6, with an axial clearance of 0.005–0.008 mm between it and the jewel pad 3. (See...) Figure 2 When the oil filling nozzle on the bellows assembly 33 at the end of the end cap assembly 5 is removed, the rebound force generated at the moment of separation causes the middle part of the end cap assembly 5 to deform toward the float assembly 6. When the gap is exceeded, the shaft tip assembly 1 and the jewel pad 3 will come into contact and be damaged, and the damage ratio is high.

[0007] An accelerometer is an instrument containing a sensing mass block with constrained components. A typical flexible pendulum accelerometer consists of an inertial mass pendulum torque generator, a position detector, a sensitive component with a flexible hinge, and a servo circuit assembly, all sequentially housed in a housing. After the sensitive component leads are soldered to the servo circuit pads, the upper end of the pads is sealed with adhesive using a plug. The servo circuit assembly is a thin-walled shell (outer diameter 0.4 mm, end face 1.7 mm) with sintered terminals encased in a circuit board. The clamping portion of the outer diameter is very short and tapered. Using general-purpose vises or alligator pliers to clamp the outer diameter makes it highly susceptible to deformation due to uneven circumferential force, which can cause the sintered glass insulators distributed on the end face to shatter, affecting the sealing effect and even the electrical function. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To overcome the shortcomings of mechanical inertial instrument disassembly, such as component damage, scrapping, and low disassembly efficiency, this invention proposes a non-destructive disassembly device and method for mechanical inertial instruments.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0010] A non-destructive disassembly device for mechanical inertial instruments includes a disassembled component connection and positioning mechanism, a disassembly limit seat, disassembly screws, and disassembly nuts.

[0011] The disassembled part connection positioning mechanism, disassembly screw, and disassembly nut are connected in sequence. The disassembly screw passes through the disassembly limiting seat and the disassembly nut, and is threadedly connected to the disassembly nut and fixedly connected to the disassembled part connection positioning mechanism. The disassembly nut is connected to the frustum of the end face of one end of the disassembly limiting seat, and the other end of the disassembly limiting seat fixes the instrument body. The disassembly nut can rotate circumferentially relative to the disassembly screw, the disassembled part connection positioning mechanism, and the disassembly limiting seat. The disassembled part connection positioning mechanism can move axially within the disassembly limiting seat together with the disassembly screw.

[0012] When the component is disassembled from the instrument body, the component's connection and positioning mechanism fixes it with low stress, ensuring uniform force distribution around its circumference. The disassembly limit seat restricts the axial movement of the instrument body. Under the axial force of the disassembly screws, the component and the component's connection and positioning mechanism move axially relative to the disassembly limit seat, separating from the instrument body.

[0013] The aforementioned non-destructive disassembly device may further include an instrument body connection and positioning mechanism. The instrument body connection and positioning mechanism is fixedly connected to the disassembly limiting seat.

[0014] When the component being disassembled is separated from the instrument body, the component's connection and positioning mechanism fixes it with low stress and ensures uniform force around its circumference. The instrument body's connection and positioning mechanism restricts the axial movement of the instrument body. Under the axial force of the disassembly screws, the component and its connection and positioning mechanism move axially relative to the disassembly limit seat and the instrument body's connection and positioning mechanism, separating them from the instrument body.

[0015] The aforementioned non-destructive disassembly device may further include a disassembly wrench, which is installed in a disassembly wrench hole in the radial direction of the disassembly nut and is used to apply force when rotating to disassemble the nut.

[0016] In the aforementioned non-destructive disassembly device, the disassembled component connection and positioning mechanism is made of a copper alloy material with good elasticity, and the disassembly screws and disassembly nuts are made of a high-hardness, wear-resistant material.

[0017] In the aforementioned non-destructive disassembly device, the component connection and positioning mechanism can be a self-locking tire-holding structure, which includes a locking nut, a tire-holding clamp, and a locking wrench.

[0018] The tire clamp is provided with radial and axial grooves, which match the conical surface of the locking nut. The clamping stop of the tire clamp matches the outer circle and end face of the part to be disassembled. The locking wrench is installed in the locking wrench hole on the upper end face of the tire clamp, and a tightening torque is applied to the tire clamp and the locking nut to push the tire clamp to move, so that the tire clamp holds the part to be disassembled.

[0019] When the tire clamping structure is locked, the tire clamp holds the disassembled part.

[0020] A non-destructive disassembly method for mechanical inertial instruments with bonded structures, the non-destructive disassembly method comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1, clean the adhesive layer on the sealed areas: clean the adhesive layer on the sealed areas according to the disassembly sequence of the multi-level nested assembly structure components.

[0022] Step 2, clamping: Place the disassembled parts and the instrument body in the non-destructive disassembly device, lock the disassembled parts with the disassembly positioning mechanism, and limit the instrument body directly or through the instrument body to limit the instrument body with the disassembly limit seat.

[0023] Step 3, apply preload: Rotate the disassembly nut to create axial stress between the disassembled part's connection positioning mechanism and the disassembly limit seat or the instrument body's connection positioning mechanism. Determine the applied axial stress value, i.e., the preload, according to the performance requirements of the disassembled instrument parts based on mechanical inertia.

[0024] Step 5, Disassembly: Rotate the nut to remove it until the part being disassembled separates from the instrument body.

[0025] The aforementioned non-destructive disassembly method, used for mechanical inertial instruments with bonded structures, may further include a fourth step: heating. That is, a heating process is added before the fifth step of disassembly.

[0026] The mechanical inertial instrument disassembly parts, which apply pre-tightening force to the disassembled parts, and the non-destructive disassembly device are placed together in the heating device for heating. This causes a temperature difference between the disassembled parts inside the instrument body (housing assembly) and the housing assembly, resulting in an increase in the clearance between the disassembled parts inside the instrument housing assembly and the outer housing assembly.

[0027] A non-destructive disassembly method for mechanical inertial instruments, specifically for threaded mechanical inertial instruments, includes the following steps: First, cleaning the adhesive layer at the glued area; second, causing the adhesive to fail by locally heating the adhesive at the screw-glued area; and third, rotating and disassembling the threaded connection.

[0028] The above-mentioned non-destructive disassembly method is used for mechanical inertial instruments with threaded connections. In cases of adhesive failure, the organic solvent of the adhesive material can be used to impregnate the adhesive joint of the screw, causing the adhesive to fail.

[0029] A non-destructive disassembly method for mechanical inertial instruments, specifically for mechanical inertial instruments with bonded plugs, includes: fabricating an auxiliary clamping end on the plug, locking the auxiliary clamping end using a component connection and positioning mechanism, locally heating the plug adhesive, and applying stress to the auxiliary clamping end until the plug separates from the bonded instrument.

[0030] The above-mentioned non-destructive disassembly method is used for mechanical inertial instruments with plug bonding. The auxiliary clamping end can be a copper pillar welded on the plug, and the plug bonding adhesive can be locally heated using a soldering iron.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0032] A non-destructive disassembly device for mechanical inertial instruments enables directional separation of components along the assembly direction. The device offers convenient, reliable, and non-destructive clamping, uniform separation force, and minimal component deformation. The clamping of components with positioning and connecting mechanisms utilizes the threads or mounting holes on the outer diameter and end faces of the components as much as possible. For components without connecting parts, a self-locking connection mechanism is provided. The applied force value of the disassembly device is adjustable and maintainable, facilitating quantitative control of the separation force applied to components with different fitting precisions and separation strengths. Furthermore, the device allows for gradual, multiple applications of force to reduce disassembly stress.

[0033] A non-destructive disassembly device for mechanical inertial instruments employs a component axial deformation limiting fixture, which can reduce the instantaneous springback force when disassembling parts assembled on axially weak structural components, and prevent instantaneous contact damage between undisassembled components assembled on the component and components with small axial clearance fits.

[0034] A non-destructive disassembly method for mechanical inertial instruments allows the disassembled components to be uniformly stressed and separated from the instrument, minimizing the stress between components. It is particularly suitable for the non-destructive disassembly of high-precision components and components made of hard and brittle materials such as beryllium.

[0035] A non-destructive disassembly method for mechanical inertial instruments is presented. With a rationally designed disassembly process, coupled with a systematic and effective disassembly method and a low-stress disassembly device, high-precision components of mechanical inertial instruments that are glued or sealed can be quickly and non-destructively disassembled without mechanical cutting. The scrap rate of the entire instrument's components is less than 2%. After disassembly and cleaning, the components are reassembled, and the entire instrument meets the product's accuracy requirements, effectively controlling product costs and production cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the main components of a gyroscope;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gyroscope's shaft tip mating with the jewel bearing and jewel pad.

[0038] Figure 3 This is an example diagram of the non-destructive decomposition device and the component to be decomposed according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the self-locking disassembled part connection and positioning mechanism and the disassembled part mounting structure;

[0040] Figure 5 Diagram of the non-self-locking disassembled part connection and positioning mechanism and the disassembled part mounting structure;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the axial deformation limiting tooling structure of the end cap assembly;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the tire clamp parts;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the locking wrench parts;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating the disassembly of the nut parts;

[0045] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled limit seat parts.

[0046] In the diagram: 1. Shaft tip assembly; 2. Jewel bearing; 3. Jewel washer; 4. Bearing housing; 5. End cover assembly; 6. Float assembly; 7. Disassembled part connection and positioning mechanism; 8. Disassembly limit seat; 9. Disassembly screw; 10. Disassembly nut; 11. Disassembly wrench; 12. Instrument body connection and positioning mechanism; 13. Disassembled part; 14. Instrument body; 15. Locking nut; 16. Tire clamp; 17. Locking wrench; 18. Locking force position; 19. End cover axial deformation limit fixture; 20. End cover external thread. 21. Housing assembly; 22. Adhesive layer; 23. Axial groove; 24. Radial groove; 25. Tire clamping thread; 26. Locking wrench hole; 27. Removal nut mating thread; 28. Removal screw mating thread; 29. ​​Disassembly wrench hole; 30. Limit seat mounting stop; 31. Limit seat frustum; 32. Positioning frustum; 33. Bellows assembly; 34. Torque generator / sensor assembly; 35. Tire clamping stop; 36. Removal thread; 37. Fastening screw; 38. Locking wrench cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0047] Example 1

[0048] A non-destructive disassembly device for mechanical inertial instruments is applicable to various precision mechanical instruments. The disassembly structure principle of the non-destructive disassembly device is as follows: the relative displacement generated by the screwing of the disassembly nut and the disassembly screw pushes the disassembly limiting seat in contact with the end face of the disassembly nut and the disassembled component connection mechanism connected to the disassembly screw to separate in an oriented manner. When disassembling a specific product, the connection positioning mechanism of the component to be disassembled is made according to the characteristics of the product to provide reliable low-stress clamping.

[0049] Taking the disassembly of the accelerometer's servo circuit as an example, the directional disassembly device for the servo circuit assembly needs to be equipped with a self-locking, locating mechanism 7 for connecting the disassembled components. This mechanism is a ferrule-locking structure, such as... Figure 4 As shown, uniform force is applied to the outer circumference of the clamping device. The servo circuit assembly of the disassembled part 13 has a large outer diameter tolerance and is distinctly tapered. Due to the assembly structure requirements, the clamping part faces the instrument body 14 (housing), and the assembly can be clamped for a length of 1 to 1.5. To ensure that the force-bearing part during clamping is at the end of the clamping stop 35 where the clamping clamp 16 mates with the disassembled part 13, and to ensure effective clamping of the disassembled part 13, the clamping clamp 16 has six radial grooves 24 and one axial groove 23 in its elastic mating part. The axial groove 23 is close to the root of the elastic mating part of the clamping clamp 16 to ensure that the clamping clamp has sufficient elastic deformation. The root of the connection between the radial grooves 24 and the axial groove 23 is arc-shaped to improve the strength of the connection part. The mating tapered surface of the clamping structure is lapped to ensure the clamping force-bearing position 18 and the allowable tolerance of the clamping inner diameter. The clamping thread 25 can be a fine thread to improve the clamping effect. The non-clamping end of the tire clamp 16 has a disassembly screw with thread 28.

[0050] The outer diameter of the disassembled part 13 is installed onto the end of the tire clamp 16 at the tire clamp mounting stop 35, limiting the outer diameter and end face of the disassembled part. The two locking wrench cylinders 38 at the end of the locking wrench 17 are inserted into the locking wrench holes 26 of the tire clamp 16. A metal rod such as a screwdriver is horizontally inserted into the slot on the end face of the locking wrench 17. Alligator pliers are used to clamp the knurled outer diameter of the tire clamping nut 15. Rotating the screwdriver applies sufficient tightening torque to the tire clamp 16 and the locking nut 15 to ensure the effective clamping of the end-mounted tire clamp on the outer diameter of the disassembled part 13. The disassembled servo circuit components showed no abnormalities and met product quality requirements after reassembly.

[0051] A non-destructive disassembly device for mechanical inertial instruments mainly includes a disassembled component connection and positioning mechanism 7, a disassembly limit seat 8, a disassembly screw 9, a disassembly nut 10, a disassembly wrench 11, and an instrument body positioning and connection mechanism 12, such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0052] A non-destructive disassembly device for mechanical inertial instruments is used to quickly and non-destructively separate the component 13 from the instrument body 14. The small-diameter thread at the end of the disassembly screw 9 and the thread 27 of the disassembly nut are respectively connected to the thread 28 of the disassembly screw connecting positioning mechanism 7 and the thread 36 of the disassembly nut 10. The positioning frustum 32 at the end of the instrument body connecting positioning mechanism 12 mates with the limiting seat locking stop 30 of the disassembly limiting seat 8. When the instrument body 14 is large (such as a gyroscope housing), the instrument body positioning connecting mechanism 12 can be omitted, and the limiting seat locking stop 30 of the disassembly limiting seat 8 can be directly mated with the positioning frustum of the instrument body 14 itself.

[0053] A non-destructive disassembly device for mechanical inertial instruments is used to separate components bonded to the outer frustum of the instrument body 14. The component to be disassembled 13 has a self-positioning connection at only one end of the instrument body 14, which is a typical instrument disassembly structure. The instrument body 14 is connected and positioned to the instrument body connection positioning mechanism 12 of the disassembly device via its flange mounting hole and screws. The component to be disassembled 13 uses a self-locking clamping structure that is clamped to its outer circle as the connection positioning mechanism. During disassembly, the disassembly limiting seat 8 is installed onto the positioning frustum 32 of the instrument body connection positioning mechanism 12. The disassembly screw 9, which is connected to the disassembly nut 10, passes through the center hole of the limiting seat 8 and connects to the center threaded hole of the component to be disassembled connection positioning mechanism 7. After the disassembly nut 10 contacts the end face of the limiting seat frustum 31 of the disassembly limiting seat 8, it is tightened, causing the disassembly screw 9 and the disassembly limiting seat 8 to move in opposite directions, thereby reliably separating the component to be disassembled 13 and the instrument body 14 along the installation direction.

[0054] The axial displacement can be controlled by adjusting the threaded engagement of the disassembly screw 9 and the disassembly nut 10. The threaded engagement method maintains the applied force and allows for repeated application to reduce disassembly stress. Generally, the disassembly screw 9, disassembly nut 10, and disassembly wrench 11 of the disassembly device can be made of high-hardness materials, while other parts can be made of materials with good plasticity and wear resistance. The clamp 16 is preferably beryllium bronze. A non-destructive disassembly method for mechanical inertial instruments includes setting the disassembly sequence, deformation control of components with small axial clearance fits, the use of a directional pull-out disassembly device, and a low-stress application method. The method includes the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Decomposition of the adhesive bonding and sealing structure

[0056] Circumferential assembly structures, end-face adhesive assembly structures, and glued assembly structures are mostly high-precision components. A low-stress directional disassembly device is designed to apply force along the assembly direction, while simultaneously controlling the force applied during separation to achieve rapid and non-destructive separation. The clamping force points of the components and the disassembly device should be close to and evenly distributed on the mating parts to be separated. Positioning and connection points such as the component's external threads, flange mounting holes, or end-face threaded holes should be utilized as much as possible. For components without connection points, a self-locking positioning mechanism should be designed. Clamping should be convenient, reliable, and non-destructive, with uniform separation force and minimal component deformation.

[0057] For parts to be disassembled that have threaded holes for positioning on their end faces, a non-self-locking part positioning connection mechanism can be used, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 The end face and mounting hole of the non-self-locking disassembled part positioning and connecting mechanism 7 are matched with the end face and threaded hole of the disassembled part 13 (the sensor / torque assembly 34 of the gyroscope), and are connected and fixed with the fastening screw 37. The non-disassembled part connecting end of the disassembled part connecting and positioning mechanism 7 has a disassembly screw mating thread 28. The end face bonding and sealing structure decomposition includes the following three steps:

[0058] The first step is to disassemble the instrument components sequentially from both ends inwards, ensuring that any visible adhesive layer at the joints is thoroughly cleaned. For multi-level nested assembly structures, the adhesive removal at joints must be performed strictly according to the component disassembly sequence; premature removal of all adhesive layers can lead to abnormal separation between components. To avoid damage from the rebound force during component separation, components with small clearance fits should be disassembled first. For instruments filled with float fluid, the float fluid should be drained first, allowing the suspending component (float assembly) to fall back to its extreme position at one end of the housing to provide maximum axial clearance between components.

[0059] The second step involves cleaning the adhesive layer at the bonding area, then locking the disassembled parts 13 and 14 to the matching disassembled parts connection and positioning mechanism 7 and instrument body positioning and connection mechanism 12 of the directional disassembly device. The disassembly screws 9 are then threadedly connected to the disassembly nuts 10 and the disassembled parts connection and positioning mechanism 7, respectively, and the disassembly limit seat 8 is brought into contact with the frustum of the instrument body positioning and connection mechanism 12.

[0060] For components with small axial clearance fits that are difficult to separate in advance, such as the components assembled on the end cap assembly of a three-float gyroscope before removing the shaft tip assembly, it is necessary to use the end cap axial deformation limiting fixture 19 (see [reference]) before installing the orientation disassembly device. Figure 6 The end cap assembly 5 is connected to the circumferential thread 20 and screwed in until it contacts the end face of the housing assembly 21, thereby generating axial tension in the end cap assembly 5 to control its disassembly and springback state. During disassembly, tightening the end cap axial deformation limiting fixture 19 pulls the end cap assembly 5 outward, and it slowly returns to its original position after disassembly. This prevents damage to the shaft tip assembly 1 and the jewel pad 3, which are mounted on it and have a gap of only 0.004 to 0.008 mm, caused by instantaneous inward displacement of the middle part of the end cap assembly 5. When the end cap assembly 5 has no connecting parts, it can be indirectly provided through an adapter mechanism that can securely fasten it.

[0061] Thirdly, generally speaking, the smaller the gap between the adhesive joints of precision instrument components, the greater the required disassembly force. During directional pull-out disassembly, the center is subjected to force. If force is applied forcibly, it will significantly increase the disassembly stress. For high-precision structural components with a gap within 0.01mm, there is a risk of precision damage. For structural components made of hard and brittle materials such as beryllium, improper stress may also cause micro-cracks. The disassembly device provides disassembly force through the screwing in of the disassembly screw 9 and the disassembly nut 10. This force can be maintained. During disassembly, instead of directly and forcibly pulling the component 13 out of the instrument body 14, a certain pulling force is applied by screwing in the screws. The disassembly device is then heated in an oven at the adhesive curing temperature for 10-15 minutes. Utilizing the temperature difference between the housing assembly 21 (instrument body) and the component to be disassembled assembled within its cavity, as well as the increased heating pressure in the small-gap cavity (which increases the density of the residual high-viscosity fluorinated oil within the cavity), the component to be disassembled (end cap assembly 5, sensor / torque assembly 34) is uniformly stressed and separates from the instrument body housing assembly 21, significantly reducing disassembly stress. This method, with repeated, gradual force application, yields even better results. Heating under relatively low pulling force is sufficient to automatically push the component out of the instrument body housing assembly 21. In some special structures, filling the instrument cavity with liquid and heating to increase hydraulic pressure to achieve separation of the large-circumferential adhesive joints is also an effective low-stress disassembly method.

[0062] For adhesive joints with a fit accuracy of 0.016mm or higher, the disassembly screw 9 and disassembly nut 10 of the directional pull-out disassembly device can be used to continuously screw in force, directly separating the part 13 from the instrument body 14. During operation, alligator pliers clamp the head of the disassembly screw 9, fixing the disassembly device on the workbench. The disassembly wrench 11 is inserted into the 3-4 radially evenly distributed wrench holes 29 of the disassembly nut 10, and rotating the disassembly nut 10 applies sufficient screwing force. The head of the disassembly screw 9 can be a square prism or a knurled cylinder to ensure reliable clamping by the alligator pliers.

[0063] Step 2, Disassembly of Threaded Connection

[0064] All threaded connections between components require adhesive application. During assembly, the composition and amount of adhesive applied to potentially disassembled areas are controlled to ensure both reliability and removability. During disassembly, the adhesive layer must be rendered ineffective before removing the screws. For threaded connections in non-precision fit areas such as outer casings, a soldering iron can be used to locally heat the adhesive area of ​​the screws to modify and render the adhesive layer ineffective. For precision-fit threaded connections inside the components, an effective solvent should be selected based on the adhesive material, and small amounts should be applied repeatedly with cotton balls or similar aids to wet the applied area and render it ineffective.

[0065] Step 3, Deconstruction of small parts bonding

[0066] For disassembling bonded small parts such as plugs, small copper pillars can be soldered to their end faces to act as clamping mechanisms. Simultaneously, the epoxy adhesive is heated with a soldering iron, allowing for rapid separation of the plug without damaging the entire assembly. This method of localized heating of the adhesive layer for disassembling bonded small parts is efficient, non-destructive, and widely applicable. However, the heating temperature and range must be controlled during operation to avoid affecting other parts of the product.

Claims

1. A non-destructive disassembly device for mechanical inertial instruments, characterized in that, Includes the disassembled part connection positioning mechanism (7), disassembly limit seat (8), disassembly screw (9), and disassembly nut (10); The disassembled part connection positioning mechanism (7), disassembly screw (9), and disassembly nut (10) are connected in sequence; the disassembly screw (9) passes through the disassembly limiting seat (8) and the disassembly nut (10), and is threadedly connected to the disassembly nut (10), and is fixedly connected to the disassembled part connection positioning mechanism (7); the disassembly nut (10) is connected to the limiting seat frustum (31) at one end of the disassembly limiting seat (8), and the instrument body (14) is fixed at the other end of the disassembly limiting seat (8). The disassembly nut (10) rotates circumferentially together with the disassembly screw (9), the disassembled part connecting positioning mechanism (7), and the disassembly limiting seat (8). The disassembled part connecting positioning mechanism (7) moves axially together with the disassembly screw (9) within the disassembly limiting seat (8). When the disassembled part (13) is separated from the instrument body (14), the disassembled part connecting positioning mechanism (7) fixes the disassembled part (13) with low stress and makes the force on the circumference of the disassembled part (13) uniform. The disassembly limit seat (8) restricts the axial movement of the instrument body (14). Under the axial force of the disassembly screw (9), the disassembled part (13) and the disassembled part connecting positioning mechanism (7) move axially relative to the disassembly limit seat (8) and separate from the instrument body (14). The disassembled part connection positioning mechanism (7) is a self-locking tire-holding structure, including a locking nut (15), a tire-holding clamp (16), and a locking wrench (17). The tire clamp (16) is provided with radial groove (24) and axial groove (23), which are matched with the conical surface of the locking nut (15). The clamping stop (35) of the tire clamp is matched with the outer circle and end face of the part to be disassembled (13). The locking wrench (17) is installed in the locking wrench hole (26) on the upper end face of the tire clamp (16), and applies a tightening torque to the tire clamp (16) and the locking nut (15) to push the tire clamp (16) to move, so that the tire clamp (16) clamps the part to be disassembled (13). When the tire clamping structure is locked, the tire clamp (16) holds the disassembled part (13).

2. The non-destructive disassembly device for mechanical inertial instruments according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an instrument body connection and positioning mechanism (12); the instrument body connection and positioning mechanism (12) is fixedly connected to the disassembly limit seat (8); When the disassembled part (13) is separated from the instrument body (14), the disassembled part connecting positioning mechanism (7) fixes the disassembled part (13) with low stress and makes the disassembled part (13) uniformly stressed around the circumference. The instrument body connecting positioning mechanism (12) restricts the axial movement of the instrument body (14). Under the axial force of the disassembly screw (9), the disassembled part (13) and the disassembled part connecting positioning mechanism (7) are separated relative to the limiting seat (8). The instrument body connecting positioning mechanism (12) moves along the axial direction and separates from the instrument body (14).

3. The non-destructive disassembly device for mechanical inertial instruments according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes a disassembly wrench (11), which is installed in the radial disassembly wrench hole (29) of the disassembly nut (10) for applying force when rotating the disassembly nut (10). The disassembled part connection positioning mechanism (7) is made of a copper alloy material with good elasticity, and the disassembly screw (9) and disassembly nut (10) are made of high hardness and wear-resistant material.

4. A non-destructive disassembly method for mechanical inertial instruments, used for adhesive structures in mechanical inertial instruments, employing any one of the non-destructive disassembly devices for mechanical inertial instruments according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, clean the adhesive layer on the sealed parts: clean the adhesive layer on the sealed parts according to the disassembly sequence of the multi-level nested assembly structure components. Step 2, clamping: Place the disassembled part (13) and the instrument body (14) in the non-destructive disassembly device, lock the disassembled part (13) with the disassembled part connection positioning mechanism (7), and limit the instrument body (14) directly or through the instrument body connection positioning mechanism (12) with the disassembly limit seat (8); Step 3, apply preload: Rotate the disassembly nut (10) to cause axial stress between the disassembled part connection positioning mechanism (7) and the disassembly limit seat (8) or the instrument body connection positioning mechanism (12). Determine the applied axial stress value, i.e., preload, according to the performance requirements of the mechanical inertia instrument disassembly parts. Step 4, disassembly: Rotate the disassembly nut (10) until the disassembled part (13) separates from the instrument body (14).

5. The non-destructive disassembly method for mechanical inertial instruments according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes heating; that is, a heating process is added before the decomposition in step 4. The mechanical inertial instrument disassembly component that applies pre-tightening force to the disassembly component and the non-destructive disassembly device are placed together in the heating device for heating, so that a temperature difference appears between the disassembled component (13) in the inner cavity of the instrument body (14) and the housing assembly (21), causing the gap between the disassembled component in the inner cavity of the instrument housing assembly (21) and the outer housing assembly (21) to increase.

6. The non-destructive disassembly method for mechanical inertial instruments according to claim 4, for threaded connectors in mechanical inertial instruments, characterized in that, The steps include: First, cleaning the adhesive layer at the sealing area; second, causing the adhesive to fail; third, locally heating the adhesive at the screw fixing area to cause the adhesive to fail; and fourth, rotating and disassembling the threaded connection.

7. The non-destructive disassembly method for mechanical inertial instruments according to claim 6, characterized in that, In adhesive failure, the adhesive material's organic solvent is used to impregnate the adhesive area of ​​the screw, causing the adhesive to fail.

8. The non-destructive disassembly method for mechanical inertial instruments according to claim 4, characterized in that, For mechanical inertial instruments used for plug bonding, the non-destructive disassembly method includes: making an auxiliary clamping end on the plug, using a disassembled part connection positioning mechanism (7) to lock the auxiliary clamping end, locally heating the plug bonding adhesive, applying stress to the auxiliary clamping end, until the plug separates from the bonded instrument.

9. The non-destructive disassembly method for mechanical inertial instruments according to claim 8, characterized in that, The auxiliary clamping end is a copper pillar welded onto the plug plate, and the adhesive of the plug plate is locally heated using a soldering iron.

Images