Production method of Australian water lily cut flowers

Abstract

The invention provides a method for producing Australian water lily cut flowers, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: propagating Australian water lily seedlings from February to March in spring, transplanting the Australian water lily seedlings to a pond with a water level of 25-35cm after floating leaves grow, applying a slow-release fertilizer, and performing pest control after final singling of the seedlings; after 2-3 months of growth, the water level of the pond is increased to 45-55 cm, and a slow release fertilizer is selected for topdressing; picking the Australian water lily when the Australian water lily flower does not bloom for 1-2 days to obtain the Australian water lily cut flower; the slow-release fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10-15% of nitrogen fertilizer, 15-25% of phosphate fertilizer and 5-10% of potash fertilizer. According to the method, a medicament combination of gibberellin, glutamine, cumaric acid and S-abscisic acid with proper concentration is selected for spraying during water lily picking, and specific picking time and post-picking treatment are combined, so that the post-picking quality of the Australian water lily cut flowers is improved, the refreshing time of the flowers is prolonged, and the quality of the cut flowers in hands of consumers is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flower planting, and in particular to a production method of Australian water lily cut flowers. Background Art

[0002] Water lily is the general name of Nymphaea plants in the Nymphaeaceae family. It is a perennial herb with rich flower colors, diverse flower forms, long flowering period, great ornamental value, and is widely used in aquatic landscapes. Water lily plants are mainly classified based on ecology and can be divided into five subgenera: Anecphya, Brachyceras, Hydrocallis, Lotos, and Nymphaea (or Castakua). Anecphya subgenus water lilies are commonly known as Australian water lilies, named because the original species is mainly distributed in Australia. Australian water lilies are suitable for planting in tropical areas, and the flowering period of the group is as long as 8 to 9 months. The Australian water lily subgenus has large plants, large flower and leaf diameters, high flower stalks, rich flower colors, and a special color change series. Therefore, the Australian water lily subgenus has a very high ornamental value in waterscapes and is sought after by many people in and outside the industry. In particular, the color change series is rarely found in other flowers. In this subgenus, there is an original species Nymphaea violacea, which has long black stripes on its petiole, which is also a new trait that has never appeared in the genus Nymphaea. The Australian water lily has a unique flower shape, and its petals are shaped like lotus flowers. It is significantly different from the morphology of water lilies in other subgenera and is an important hybrid breeding material. The flowers of Australian water lilies are beautiful in shape, not easy to close, and the flower stems are graceful, which is very suitable for cut flowers. In recent years, Australian water lilies have become a new favorite for cut flowers. Tropical water lilies can bloom all year round in tropical regions. However, due to the difficulty of propagation, the Australian water lily cut flowers in Hainan are in short supply. The price of each Australian cut flower can reach 6-8 yuan, and the economic benefits are very considerable. Therefore, Australian water lily cut flowers are very suitable for promotion and planting. At present, there are many ways to plant Australian water lilies, but the improvement of the quality of fresh cut Australian water lilies is not obvious, and the planting method is too cumbersome. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a production method of Australian water lily cut flowers to solve the above problems.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0005] A method for producing Australian water lily cut flowers, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] (1) In spring, from February to March, propagate Australian water lily seedlings;

[0007] (2) After the Australian water lily seedlings grow floating leaves, they are transplanted to a pond with a water level of 25 cm to 35 cm, and slow-release fertilizer is applied. After the seedlings are planted, pest and disease control is carried out;

[0008] (3) After 2-3 months of growth, increase the pond water level to 45cm-55cm and use slow-release fertilizer for topdressing;

[0009] (4) picking the Australian water lilies before they bloom for 1 to 2 days to obtain the Australian water lily cut flowers;

[0010] The fertilization ratio of the slow-release fertilizer is: 10% to 15% nitrogen fertilizer, 15% to 25% phosphorus fertilizer, and 5% to 10% potassium fertilizer.

[0011] A further solution is that the application ratio of the slow-release fertilizer is: nitrogen fertilizer 11% to 13%, phosphorus fertilizer 18% to 22%, and potash fertilizer 7% to 9%.

[0012] A further solution is that in step (2), 45 to 55 kg of the slow-release fertilizer is applied per mu of land as base fertilizer.

[0013] A further solution is that in step (3), 25 to 35 kg of the slow-release fertilizer is applied per mu of land as topdressing.

[0014] A further option is to apply top dressing 1 to 2 times.

[0015] A further solution is to use 65% to 75% imidacloprid for aphid control.

[0016] A further plan is to pick Australian water lilies between 5am and 10am.

[0017] A further solution is that the picking length is 40cm to 50cm.

[0018] A further solution is to package the water lily cut flowers after picking without adding water, and keep the ambient temperature at 5 to 32°C during packaging.

[0019] A further solution is to transport and store the product for 2 to 4 days at a temperature of 5 to 8°C and a humidity of 60% to 85%.

[0020] Varieties of Australian water lilies include purple shell, blue butterfly, etc.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention provides a planting method suitable for producing Australian water lily cut flowers according to the biological characteristics of Australian water lilies, and combines the specific picking time and post-picking treatment to help improve the post-picking quality of the Australian water lily cut flowers, extend the freshness of the flowers, and ensure the quality of the cut flowers in the hands of consumers; the cut flower production method provided by the present invention can achieve the effect of keeping the flowers fully open for 5 days, the flower bud opening rate reaches 100%, the pedicel decay rate is only 1% due to transportation without adding water, and the pedicel is not bent, which can effectively realize the maximum benefit of the Australian water lily.

[0023] The invention selects a slow-release fertilizer with a specific fertilizer ratio for planting Australian water lilies, and only needs to carry out base fertilizer and topdressing once to make the Australian water lilies enter the blooming period, and the cut flowers have high quality and a long flower preservation period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is the production and packaging process of Australian water lily cut flowers, including: 1. Preparation of Australian water lily cut flower seedlings; 2. Transplantation of seedlings into the field; 3. Growth of 5-6 month old cut water lily seedlings; 4. Picking of cut flowers; 5. Picking of cut flowers; 6. Cleaning of cut flowers; 7. Bagging of cut flowers; 8. Unbagged flowers are unopened; opened flowers need to be bagged; 9, 10, 11. Packing of cut flowers; 12. After receiving the cut flowers, the customer takes out the cut flower packaging; 13. Opening the flower bag; 14. Trimming the bottom as needed; 15. Inserting into a suitable vase filled with clean water. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0026] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of the present invention are all conventional methods.

[0027] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. used in the embodiments of the present invention can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A method for producing Australian water lily cut flowers, comprising the following steps:

[0030] 1. Through the preliminary vase insertion experiments, Australian water lily varieties with long vase insertion period were selected, such as purple shell, blue butterfly, etc.

[0031] 2. In spring from February to March, a large number of Australian water lily seedlings are propagated through division.

[0032] 3. After the seedlings grow floating leaves, transplant them to a pond with a water level of 30 cm. Kill snails in the pond with snail killer in advance, and apply lotus-specific slow-release fertilizer (12-20-8) in time, 50 kg per mu. After the seedlings are settled, carry out disease and pest control. Use 70% imidacloprid to kill aphids.

[0033] 4. After 2-3 months of growth, the water level can be increased to 50cm, and topdressing (slow-release fertilizer 12-20-8) can be carried out once, 30 kg per acre, and the Australian water lily can enter the blooming period.

[0034] 5. Cut flower picking: Pick the Australian water lilies 1-2 days before they open (judgment criteria: the pedicels stand upright and the calyx is loose) between 5:00-10:00 in the morning, and cut them into 40cm-50cm in length.

[0035] 6. Post-harvest packaging: To preserve the water lilies after harvesting, place the cut flowers in a fresh-keeping bag without adding water and maintain the ambient temperature at 5-32°C.

[0036] Table 1 Picking of Australian water lily cut flowers

[0037] project Pedicel rot rate Vase period Bud opening rate Moisture content after 3 days of delivery Example 1 Picking and Packaging Method 1％ 5 days 100％ 70％ Water transportation 60％ 3 days 70％ 90％

[0038] As can be seen from Table 1 above, through the planting method and the cut flower picking and packaging method of Example 1, the pedicel rot rate is only 1%, the vase period is 5 days, and the bud opening rate is 100%, which helps to improve the post-harvest quality of Australian water lily cut flowers, extend the shelf life of the flowers, and maximize the benefits of Australian water lily.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] A method for producing Australian water lily cut flowers, comprising the following steps:

[0041] 1. In spring from February to March, a large number of Australian water lily seedlings are propagated through division.

[0042] 2. After the seedlings grow floating leaves, transplant them to a pond with a water level of 35 cm. Use snails to kill snails in the pond in advance, and apply lotus-specific slow-release fertilizer (12-20-8) in time, 53 kg per mu. After the seedlings are settled, carry out disease and pest control. Use 70% imidacloprid to kill aphids.

[0043] 3. After 2-3 months of growth, the water level can be increased to 60cm, and top dressing (slow-release fertilizer 12-20-8) can be applied once, 35 kg per acre, and the Australian water lily can enter the blooming period.

[0044] 4. Cut flower picking: Pick the Australian water lilies 1-2 days before they open (judgment criteria: the pedicels stand upright and the calyx is loose) between 5:00-10:00 in the morning, and cut them into 40cm-50cm in length.

[0045] 5. Packaging after harvesting: For post-harvest preservation, the water lily cut flowers are placed in a fresh-keeping bag without adding water, and the ambient temperature is maintained at 5-32° C. The Australian water lily cut flowers obtained by planting in Example 2 have a vase insertion period of 5 days, a bud opening rate of 100%, a pedicel that is not bent, and a long shelf life of the flowers.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] (1) Post-harvest processing: Australian water lilies are picked between 5:00 and 10:00 in the morning when they have not opened for 1 to 2 days (judgment criteria: the pedicel is upright and the calyx is loose); the cutting length is 40 cm to 50 cm.

[0048] (2) Post-harvest packaging: To preserve the flowers after harvest, place the cut water lilies in a fresh-keeping bag and maintain the ambient temperature at 5-32°C to extend the shelf life of the flowers.

[0049] (3) Post-harvest transportation: If the post-harvest transportation period exceeds 3 days, the fruits must be placed in a refrigerator or a van during transportation and the temperature must be kept between 5 and 8°C and the humidity must be maintained between 60% and 85%. If the temperature is below 30°C in areas where the fruits arrive on the same day, low-temperature transportation is not required.

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] A method for producing Australian water lily cut flowers, comprising the following steps:

[0052] 1. In spring from February to March, a large number of Australian water lily seedlings are propagated through division.

[0053] 2. After the seedlings grow floating leaves, transplant them to a pond with a water level of 35 cm. Use snail killer to kill snails in the pond in advance, and apply lotus-specific slow-release fertilizer (12-12-17) in time, 53 kg per mu. After the seedlings are settled, carry out disease and pest control. Use 70% imidacloprid to kill aphids.

[0054] 3. After 2-3 months of growth, the water level can be increased to 60cm and topdressing (slow-release fertilizer 12-12-17) can be carried out once, 35 kg per mu of land.

[0055] 4. Cut flower picking: Pick the Australian water lilies 1-2 days before they open (judgment criteria: the pedicels stand upright and the calyx is loose) between 5:00-10:00 in the morning, and cut them into 40cm-50cm in length.

[0056] 5. Packaging after harvesting: For post-harvest preservation, the water lily cut flowers were placed in fresh-keeping bags without adding water, and the ambient temperature was maintained at 5-32° C. The Australian water lily cut flowers obtained by planting in Comparative Example 1 had a vase period of 4.5 days and a bud opening rate of 80%.

[0057] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing Australian water lily cut flowers, characterized in that: The production method comprises the following steps: (1) In spring, from February to March, propagate Australian water lily seedlings; (2) After the Australian water lily seedlings grow floating leaves, they are transplanted to a pond with a water level of 25 cm to 35 cm, and slow-release fertilizer is applied. After the seedlings are planted, pest and disease control is carried out; (3) After 2-3 months of growth, increase the pond water level to 45cm-55cm and use slow-release fertilizer for topdressing; (4) picking the Australian water lilies before they bloom for 1 to 2 days to obtain the Australian water lily cut flowers; The fertilization ratio of the slow-release fertilizer is: 10% to 15% nitrogen fertilizer, 15% to 25% phosphorus fertilizer, and 5% to 10% potassium fertilizer.

2. The method for producing Australian water lily cut flowers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilization ratio of the slow-release fertilizer is: 11% to 13% nitrogen fertilizer, 18% to 22% phosphorus fertilizer, and 7% to 9% potassium fertilizer.

3. The method for producing Australian water lily cut flowers according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), 45 to 55 kg of the slow-release fertilizer is applied per mu of land as base fertilizer.

4. The method for producing Australian water lily cut flowers according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), 25 to 35 kg of the slow-release fertilizer is applied per mu of land as topdressing.

5. The method for producing Australian water lily cut flowers according to claim 4, characterized in that: Apply top dressing 1 to 2 times.

6. The method for producing Australian water lily cut flowers according to claim 1, characterized in that: For the prevention and control of aphids, use 65% to 75% imidacloprid.

7. The method for producing Australian water lily cut flowers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Australian water lilies were picked between 5am and 10am.

8. The method for producing Australian water lily cut flowers according to claim 7, characterized in that: The picking length is 40cm to 50cm.

9. The method for producing Australian water lily cut flowers according to claim 7, characterized in that: The harvested water lily cut flowers are packaged without adding water, and the ambient temperature is maintained at 5 to 32°C during packaging.

10. The method for producing Australian water lily cut flowers according to claim 7, characterized in that: During transportation, maintain the temperature at 5-8°C and the humidity at 60%-85% for 2-4 days.

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