A laser ignition device and a combustion chamber having the same

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of gas turbine engines and discloses a laser ignition device and a combustion chamber with the same. The laser ignition device comprises a laser mounting seat, an igniter mounting hole and a protection component mounting hole are arranged on the laser mounting seat; an igniter component, a lens body on the igniter component extends into the igniter mounting hole; a lens protection component, the lens protection component comprises a shell and a valve, the shell is fixedly connected with the laser mounting seat, a gas leakage hole is arranged through the shell, the valve is rotatably arranged in the shell, an extension piece is connected to the valve, a shielding piece is arranged at one end of the extension piece away from the valve, and a spiral vane is arranged on the valve in the axial direction of the shell. The laser ignition device is provided with the lens protection component, the valve is driven to rotate by the airflow in the combustion chamber, the lens body is automatically shielded and exposed in the ignition and non-ignition states. The time that the lens body is exposed to the high-temperature airflow is effectively reduced, the lens body is prevented from being polluted, scratched and corroded, and the service life of the lens body is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas turbine engine technology, and more specifically to a laser ignition device and a combustion chamber having therein. Background Technology

[0002] In power plants such as aero engines and gas turbines, the combustion chamber is the core component that efficiently and stably converts the chemical energy of fuel into thermal energy. Reliable ignition is a crucial prerequisite for ensuring successful engine start-up and stable operation under various conditions, especially harsh conditions such as high altitude and low temperature. The performance of the ignition system directly affects the ignition boundary, reliability, and overall efficiency of the combustion chamber.

[0003] Currently, traditional combustion chambers generally use spark plug ignition, where the electric spark generated by the spark plug ignites the air-fuel mixture, thus initiating combustion. However, the energy of the electric spark generated by the spark plug is limited, only able to ignite a localized area of ​​the air-fuel mixture near its electrode, significantly restricting the initial propagation range and penetration depth of the flame. To improve the ignition probability, the spark plug electrode often needs to extend into the main combustion zone. However, the main combustion zone presents a high-temperature, high-speed, and highly corrosive combustion environment, causing severe ablation, oxidation, and thermal stress problems for the extended electrode, leading to shortened electrode life and reduced reliability.

[0004] To overcome the insufficient penetration and electrode erosion problems of traditional spark ignition, laser ignition technology has been proposed and applied to combustion chambers. Utilizing the long-distance transmission and focusing capabilities of laser beams, high-energy-density laser light can be directly focused onto the region within the main combustion zone where the air-fuel mixture concentration is most suitable for ignition. Theoretically, this can achieve remote and precise ignition and improve the energy delivery efficiency of ignition. However, the optical window or lens assembly used to guide and focus the laser onto the main combustion zone inevitably needs to be exposed to the high-temperature, high-speed environment of the combustion chamber, rich in unburned hydrocarbons, soot particles, and high-temperature fuel gas flow. This makes the surface of the optical lens highly susceptible to being covered by combustion products, oil, carbon deposits, and other contaminants; eroded and worn by particles carried by high-speed airflow; and chemically corroded by high-temperature fuel gas. Deterioration of the lens's performance severely weakens the laser energy transmission efficiency, alters focusing characteristics, and ultimately leads to ignition failure or performance degradation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a laser ignition device and a combustion chamber therein, to solve the problem that the lens body of the laser igniter of the turbine engine is easily contaminated, scratched and corroded by high-temperature airflow in the prior art.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a laser ignition device, comprising:

[0007] A laser mounting base is provided with igniter mounting holes and protective component mounting holes;

[0008] An igniter assembly is aligned and mounted at the igniter mounting hole, with the lens body on the igniter assembly extending into the igniter mounting hole;

[0009] A lens protection assembly is installed at the mounting hole of the protection assembly. The lens protection assembly includes a housing and a valve. The housing is fixedly connected to the laser mounting base. A vent hole is provided through the housing. The valve is rotatably installed inside the housing. An extension is connected to the valve. A blocking member is installed at the end of the extension away from the valve. A swirl vane is provided on the valve along the axial direction of the housing. The swirl vane is adapted to apply torque to the valve under the action of airflow to drive the valve to rotate, thereby causing the blocking member to rotate to completely block the igniter mounting hole.

[0010] The laser ignition device is installed on the combustion chamber to ignite the combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine. When the combustion chamber is ignited and in operation, the airflow exits from the vent holes in the housing. As the airflow passes through the lens protection assembly, it impacts the swirl vanes on the assembly, generating torque that drives a valve to rotate. This causes the extension to rotate the shielding component, completely blocking the igniter mounting hole, thus protecting the lens body from the high-temperature airflow after combustion chamber ignition. When the combustion chamber pressure decreases and re-ignition is needed, the valve automatically reverses its rotation under the action of an elastic structure or other reset mechanism, or is manually reset, causing the shielding component to move away from the igniter mounting hole, exposing the lens body for ignition. By incorporating a lens protection assembly and utilizing the airflow within the combustion chamber to drive the valve rotation, the laser ignition device achieves automatic shielding and exposure of the lens body in both ignition and non-ignition states. This effectively reduces the time the lens body is exposed to high-temperature airflow, preventing contamination, scratching, and corrosion, extending the lens body's service life, and improving the reliability and stability of the ignition system. At the same time, by controlling the opening and closing of the vent, the air flow in the flame tube can be adjusted, the lean fuel flameout performance of the combustion chamber can be improved, the visible smoke in the combustion chamber can be reduced, and the fuel-air ratio in the combustion chamber can be reduced, thereby improving combustion efficiency and economy.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the vent hole is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the housing, and the valve is adapted to move closer to or away from the vent hole under the pressure difference on both sides of the vent hole to block or open the vent hole. When the combustion chamber is in a low-pressure state, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the casing is small, and the valve moves away from the vent hole under the pressure difference, causing the vent hole to open. Two channels of air are released to the outside of the casing through the vent hole, reducing the air flow in the flame tube and improving the lean-burn flameout performance of the combustion chamber. When the combustion chamber is in a high-pressure state, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the casing increases, and the valve moves closer to and blocks the vent hole under the pressure difference. The air flow in the flame tube increases, reducing the air-fuel ratio in the main combustion zone and preventing visible smoke from the combustion chamber.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the laser mounting base is provided with a rectangular groove. One end of the rectangular groove communicates with the mounting hole of the protective component, and the other end communicates with the mounting hole of the igniter. When the valve rotates to block the igniter mounting hole with the shielding member, the extension member is embedded in the rectangular groove, thereby causing the shielding member to block the igniter mounting hole. The rectangular groove allows the valve to slide along it during rotation, ensuring that the valve rotates accurately to the position where the shielding member blocks the igniter mounting hole, preventing the lens body from being exposed to high-temperature airflow and protecting it from contamination, scratches, and corrosion.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, a biasing element is installed between the valve and the housing, the biasing element being adapted to apply a reset biasing force to the valve after it rotates or moves axially. When the pressure inside the combustion chamber decreases, the reset biasing force of the biasing element causes the valve to automatically return to its initial position, restoring the lens body to its exposed state for re-ignition.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, the inner cavity of the housing is provided with a conical hole, the smaller end of which communicates with the vent hole; the end of the valve is provided with a conical surface adapted to abut against the conical hole. When the valve rotates to the position where the blocking member seals the igniter mounting hole, the conical surface fits tightly against the conical hole, effectively sealing the vent hole and preventing airflow leakage. This ensures stable airflow within the flame tube during high-pressure operation of the combustion chamber, thereby reducing visible smoke from the combustion chamber during high-pressure operation.

[0015] In one optional embodiment, a limiting slot is provided on the side wall of the housing, the limiting slot facing the igniter assembly. When the valve rotates to block the igniter mounting hole, the extension member is embedded in the limiting slot. The limiting slot restricts the rotation angle of the valve, ensuring that when the extension member is embedded in the limiting slot during valve rotation, the blocking member can accurately rotate to close the igniter mounting hole, thereby stably sealing the igniter mounting hole and improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0016] In one optional embodiment, an assembly retaining ring is fixedly connected to one end of the extension member that mates with the valve, and the assembly retaining ring is fixedly sleeved on the valve; an assembly groove is provided on the inner side of the housing, and the assembly retaining ring is embedded in the assembly groove. The cooperation between the assembly retaining ring and the assembly groove makes the connection between the valve and the housing more stable, preventing the valve from shifting or loosening due to airflow impact during rotation, and ensuring the stability of the valve's rotational movement.

[0017] In one optional embodiment, the assembly retaining ring is provided with an installation opening. The installation opening on the assembly retaining ring allows for radial elastic expansion of the retaining ring. During assembly and disassembly, the retaining ring can be released from the valve by prying open the installation opening with a tool, which greatly simplifies maintenance operations and avoids damage to components.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention also provides a combustion chamber, including the laser ignition device described in the present invention.

[0019] Since the combustion chamber includes a laser ignition device, it has the same effect as a laser ignition device, so it will not be elaborated on here.

[0020] In one optional embodiment, the laser mounting base is fixedly mounted on the casing, and an ignition hole is provided on the outer ring of the flame tube. The laser beam of the igniter assembly is focused by the lens body and then enters the flame tube body through the ignition hole. The laser focal point of the igniter assembly is located inside the flame tube body. When ignition is required, the laser beam is focused by the lens body and enters the flame tube body through the ignition hole, focusing on the location where the fuel-air mixture is concentrated in the main combustion zone, generating high temperature to ignite the fuel-air mixture inside the flame tube, thereby achieving remote ignition of the combustion chamber. This avoids the risk of ablation caused by electrodes penetrating deep into the main combustion zone in traditional spark ignition, while improving ignition performance, reducing the fuel-air ratio required for combustion chamber ignition, and improving combustion efficiency and economy. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser ignition device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the igniter assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lens protection assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the shell structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 A top view of the housing provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a top view of a valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rotation action of a valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the axial movement of a valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly retaining ring provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser mounting base provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 12 This is a top view of the laser mounting base provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the combustion chamber provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Igniter assembly; 11. Laser generator; 12. Lens body; 2. Lens protection assembly; 21. Housing; 211. Inner surface; 2111. Vent hole; 2112. Conical hole; 2113. Assembly slot; 212. Outer cylindrical surface; 2121. Limiting slot; 22. Valve; 221. Conical surface; 222. Swirl blade; 223. Mounting slot; 224. Extension piece; 225. Shielding piece; 23. Biasing piece; 24. Assembly retaining ring; 241. Round hole; 3. Laser mounting base; 31. Igniter mounting hole; 32. Protection assembly mounting hole; 33. Rectangular slot; 4. Flame tube head; 5. Flame tube body; 6. Fuel nozzle; 7. Casing. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 13 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in one aspect, a laser ignition device is provided for installation on the combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine. The laser ignition device includes a laser mounting base 3, an igniter assembly 1, and a lens protection assembly 2.

[0039] The laser mounting base 3 is provided with an igniter mounting hole 31 and a protective component mounting hole 32. The igniter assembly 1 is aligned and installed at the igniter mounting hole 31, and the lens body 12 on the igniter assembly 1 extends into the igniter mounting hole 31. The lens protective assembly 2 is installed at the protective component mounting hole 32. The lens protective assembly 2 includes a housing 21 and a valve 22. The housing 21 is fixedly connected to the laser mounting base 3. A vent hole 2111 is provided through the housing 21. The valve 22 is rotatably installed in the housing 21. An extension 224 is connected to the valve 22. A cover plate, which serves as a shield 225, is installed at the end of the extension 224 away from the valve 22. Along the axial direction of the housing 21, the valve 22 is provided with swirl vanes 222. The swirl vanes 222 are adapted to apply torque to the valve 22 under the action of airflow to drive the valve 22 to rotate, thereby causing the shield 225 to rotate to completely block the igniter mounting hole 31.

[0040] The laser ignition device is mainly used in the combustion chamber environment, and its core function is to perform ignition operations on the combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine. After the combustion chamber completes ignition and enters normal operation, the airflow flows out from the vent 2111 on the housing 21. At this time, when the airflow passes through the lens protection assembly 2, it impacts the swirl vanes 222, thereby generating torque in the swirl vanes 222 and driving the valve 22 to rotate. The rotation of the valve 22 drives the extension 224 to move, which in turn causes the blocking member 225 to completely block the igniter mounting hole 31. This prevents the lens body 12 from being affected by the high-temperature airflow after the combustion chamber ignition is completed, thus effectively protecting the lens body 12. When the pressure in the combustion chamber decreases and ignition needs to be performed again, the valve 22 will automatically rotate in the opposite direction under the action of the elastic structure or other reset mechanism, or the valve 22 can be manually reset. In this way, the blocking member 225 will leave the igniter mounting hole 31, exposing the lens body 12 for the next ignition operation.

[0041] The laser ignition device, by incorporating a lens protection assembly 2, utilizes the airflow within the combustion chamber to drive the valve 22, achieving automatic shielding and exposure of the lens body 12 in both ignition and non-ignition states. This effectively reduces the time the lens body 12 is exposed to high-temperature airflow, preventing contamination, scratching, and corrosion, extending its service life, and improving the reliability and stability of the ignition system. Simultaneously, by controlling the opening and closing of the vent 2111, the airflow within the flame tube can be adjusted, improving the lean-fuel flameout performance of the combustion chamber, reducing visible smoke in the combustion chamber, and consequently lowering the fuel-air ratio, thereby improving combustion efficiency and economy.

[0042] In this embodiment, the vent 2111 is arranged axially parallel to the housing 21. Under the pressure difference generated on both sides of the vent 2111, the valve 22 can move closer to or further away from the vent 2111, thereby achieving the blocking or opening operation of the vent 2111. When the combustion chamber is in its small operating state, the pressure difference inside and outside the casing 7 is small. Under the action of the pressure difference, the valve 22 moves away from the vent 2111, opening the vent 2111. Two streams of air are released through the vent 2111 to the outside of the casing 7, reducing the airflow in the flame tube and improving the lean-burn flameout performance of the combustion chamber. When the combustion chamber is in its large operating state, the pressure difference inside and outside the casing 7 increases. Under the action of the pressure difference, the valve 22 moves closer to and blocks the vent 2111, increasing the airflow in the flame tube, reducing the air-fuel ratio in the main combustion zone, and preventing visible smoke from the combustion chamber.

[0043] In some other embodiments, the vent 2111 may also be arranged at a certain angle to the axial direction of the housing 21, such as vertically or obliquely. In this case, the vent 2111 is positioned as high as possible to ensure that the movement of the valve 22 can effectively block or open the vent 2111.

[0044] In one embodiment, the laser mounting base 3 is provided with a rectangular groove 33. One end of the rectangular groove 33 communicates with the protective component mounting hole 32, and the other end communicates with the igniter mounting hole 31. When the valve 22 rotates, causing the blocking member 225 to block the igniter mounting hole 31, the extension member 224 can be embedded in the rectangular groove 33, thereby allowing the blocking member 225 to move towards the igniter mounting hole 31 to completely block it. The design of the rectangular groove 33 provides a guiding function for the rotation of the valve 22, allowing the extension member 224 to be pushed towards the rectangular groove 33 under the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vent hole 2111 during the rotation of the valve 22, so that the rotation range is limited by the rectangular groove 33. This ensures that the valve 22 can accurately rotate to the position where the blocking member 225 blocks the igniter mounting hole 31, thereby effectively preventing the lens body 12 from being exposed to high-temperature airflow and providing good protection for the lens body 12, avoiding contamination, scratching, and corrosion.

[0045] Furthermore, a limiting slot 2121 is provided on the side wall of the housing 21, extending circumferentially in a fan-shaped arrangement. The limiting slot 2121 faces the igniter assembly 1. When the valve 22 rotates to block the igniter mounting hole 31 with the blocking member 225, the extension member 224 is embedded within the limiting slot 2121. The limiting slot 2121 restricts the rotation angle of the valve 22, ensuring that when the extension member 224 is embedded in the limiting slot 2121 during valve 22 rotation, the blocking member 225 can accurately rotate to close the igniter mounting hole 31, thereby stably sealing the igniter mounting hole 31 and improving the system's stability and reliability.

[0046] In this embodiment, a spring serving as a biasing element 23 is installed between the valve 22 and the housing 21. The biasing element 23 can apply a reset biasing force to the valve 22 after it rotates or moves axially. When the pressure inside the combustion chamber drops to a certain level, the reset biasing force provided by the biasing element 23 can cause the valve 22 to automatically return to its initial position, thereby restoring the exposed state of the lens body 12. Specifically, one end of the spring is fixed inside the housing 21, and the other end is fixedly connected to the valve 22, storing elastic potential energy through compression and torsion. When the pressure outside the vent 2111 is not less than the pressure inside, the biasing member 23, under the action of compressive biasing force, can push the valve 22 away from the vent 2111, thereby causing the valve 22 to move the extension member 224 out of the rectangular slot 33, and simultaneously causing the blocking member 225 to move out of the igniter mounting hole 31. Then, under the action of torsional biasing force, the biasing member 23 drives the valve 22 to rotate, thereby causing the extension member 224 to swing the blocking member 225, so that the blocking member 225 swings away from the igniter mounting hole 31, thus opening the igniter mounting hole 31. In some other embodiments, the biasing member 23 can also be an elastic structure such as a torsion spring.

[0047] In one embodiment, the inner cavity of the housing 21 is provided with a conical hole 2112, the smaller end of which communicates with the vent hole 2111. The end of the valve 22 is provided with a conical surface 221, which is adapted to abut against the conical hole 2112. When the valve 22 rotates to the position where the blocking member 225 blocks the igniter mounting hole 31, the conical surface 221 and the conical hole 2112 are tightly fitted, effectively sealing the vent hole 2111 and preventing airflow leakage. This ensures stable airflow within the flame tube during high-pressure operation of the combustion chamber, thereby reducing visible smoke from the combustion chamber during high-pressure operation.

[0048] In one embodiment, an assembly retaining ring 24 is fixedly connected to one end of the extension member 224 that mates with the valve 22. The assembly retaining ring 24 is fixedly sleeved on the valve 22. An assembly groove 2113 is provided on the inner side wall of the housing 21, and the assembly retaining ring 24 is embedded in the assembly groove 2113. The cooperation between the assembly retaining ring 24 and the assembly groove 2113 makes the connection between the valve 22 and the housing 21 more stable, effectively preventing the valve 22 from shifting or loosening due to airflow impact or other external forces during rotation, thereby ensuring the movement stability of the valve 22 and the stability of its rotational movement.

[0049] Furthermore, the assembly retaining ring 24 is provided with an installation opening. The installation opening on the assembly retaining ring 24 allows for radial elastic expansion of the retaining ring. During assembly and disassembly, the retaining ring can be released from the valve 22 by prying open the installation opening with a tool, greatly simplifying maintenance operations and preventing component damage. The installation opening allows the assembly retaining ring 24 to undergo radial elastic expansion or contraction during installation or disassembly. To facilitate tool handling, round holes 241 are machined at both ends of the assembly retaining ring 24 at the installation opening.

[0050] In summary, the igniter assembly 1 provided in this embodiment comprises a laser generator 11, a lens body 12, a mounting edge, and bolt holes. The laser generator 11 generates laser light, and the lens body 12 focuses the laser light at a focal point, concentrating energy at the focal point to generate high temperatures and ignite the fuel-air mixture in the flame tube. Through proper design, the focal point can be placed in the area where fuel-air is concentrated in the main combustion zone, thereby improving the ignition performance of the combustion chamber. The main function of the mounting edge and bolt holes is to assemble the igniter assembly 1 onto the laser mounting base 3.

[0051] The lens protection assembly 2 comprises a housing 21, a valve 22, a biasing component 23, and a mounting ring 24. The housing 21 includes an inner surface 211, an outer cylindrical surface 212, a mounting edge, and bolt holes. The inner surface 211 features a through-hole vent 2111, a conical hole 2112, and a mounting groove 2113. The vent 2111 opens when the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the casing 7 is small, allowing airflow from the combustion chamber to the outside of the casing 7, thus reducing the flow rate in the flame tube and improving the lean-burn flameout performance of the combustion chamber. As the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the casing 7 increases, the conical hole 2112 engages with the conical surface 221 of the valve 22, closing the vent 2111 under high pressure. This increases the flow rate in the flame tube and reduces visible smoke in the combustion chamber under high pressure. The mounting groove 2113 is primarily used to mount the retaining ring 24 to position the valve 22. A limiting groove 2121 is also provided on the outer cylindrical surface 212, the main function of which is to position the circumferential position of the long handle of the valve 22. The mounting edge and bolt holes are used to assemble the lens protection assembly 2 onto the laser mounting base 3.

[0052] The valve 22 includes a conical surface 221, swirl vanes 222, a mounting slot 223, a long handle as an extension 224, and a cover plate as a shield 225. When the combustion chamber is in the ignition state, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the valve 22 is small, and the laser can be focused into the flame tube through the lens body 12 to achieve ignition. After ignition, as the pressure in the combustion chamber increases, the pressure difference between the two ends of the valve 22 increases, and the airflow acting on the swirl vanes 222 can generate torque. The direction of the torque is along the axial direction of the valve 22. When this torque is greater than the torque provided by the biasing member 23, the valve 22 will rotate circumferentially. The limiting slot 2121 of the housing 21 will control its rotation angle, so that the cover plate stops rotating when it reaches the position of the igniter mounting hole 31. Simultaneously, the pressure difference will also apply an axial force to the valve 22. Under the action of the axial force, the valve 22 will undergo axial displacement, causing the cover plate to enter the igniter mounting hole 31. The cover plate blocks the airflow of the two channels, preventing the lens body 12 from being exposed to the high-temperature and high-pressure airflow. At this time, the long handle enters the rectangular slot 33. The axial force generated by the pressure difference will also cause the conical surface 221 to press tightly against the conical hole 2112, closing the vent hole 2111. When the combustion chamber pressure decreases, the pressure difference between the two ends of the valve 22 decreases, and the valve 22 returns to its original position under the action of the biasing member 23. The main function of the mounting slot 223 is to install the biasing member 23.

[0053] The main function of the biasing component 23 is to provide circumferential torque and axial thrust to the valve 22 so that the valve 22 can return to its original position after the aerodynamic force is reduced or disappears.

[0054] The assembly retaining ring 24 is an irregularly shaped elastic element, which can be made of steel wire or rectangular steel strip. The mounting opening of the elastic retaining ring has two symmetrically arranged round holes 241 on both sides. The round holes 241 are specially designed to facilitate tool clamping when the assembly retaining ring 24 is installed and removed from the assembly slot 2113.

[0055] The laser mounting base 3 has an igniter mounting hole 31, a protective component mounting hole 32, and a rectangular groove 33. The main function of the igniter mounting hole 31 is to mount the igniter component 1, the main function of the protective component mounting hole 32 is to mount the lens protective component 2, and the main function of the rectangular groove 33 is to provide movement space for the long handle when the valve 22 rotates and moves axially. The laser mounting base 3 is welded to the housing 7.

[0056] Secondly, the present invention also provides a combustion chamber, including the laser ignition device described in this embodiment, and further including a flame tube head 4, a flame tube body 5, a fuel nozzle 6, and a housing 7. A laser mounting base 3 is fixedly mounted on the housing 7. An ignition hole is provided on the outer ring of the flame tube. The laser beam of the igniter assembly 1 is focused by the lens body 12 and then enters the flame tube body 5 through the ignition hole. The laser focus of the igniter assembly 1 is located inside the flame tube body 5. When ignition is required, the laser beam is focused by the lens body 12 and enters the flame tube body 5 through the ignition hole, focusing on the location where the fuel and gas are concentrated in the main combustion zone, generating high temperature to ignite the fuel and gas mixture inside the flame tube, thereby achieving remote ignition of the combustion chamber. This avoids the risk of ablation caused by electrodes penetrating deep into the main combustion zone in traditional spark ignition, while improving ignition performance, reducing the fuel-to-gas ratio required for combustion chamber ignition, and improving combustion efficiency and economy.

[0057] This embodiment provides a laser ignition device and its combustion chamber that can protect the lens body 12. Compared with traditional spark ignition, the combustion chamber using this ignition system can effectively reduce the fuel-air ratio of the combustion chamber and improve ignition performance. By setting the lens protection component 2, the ignition device can significantly reduce the time the lens body 12 is exposed to the high-temperature airflow, preventing the lens body 12 from being contaminated, scratched, and corroded. In addition, the lens protection component 2 is also designed with a vent hole 2111. In the low state, two channels of air can be vented to the outside of the casing 7, reducing the air flow in the flame tube, which can effectively improve the ignition and quenching performance of the combustion chamber. In the high state, the vent hole 2111 is closed, the air flow in the flame tube increases, the fuel-air ratio in the main combustion zone decreases, and visible smoke is prevented from being produced in the combustion chamber. Therefore, it can solve the contradiction between lean quenching in the low state and visible smoke in the high state in the high fuel-air ratio combustion chamber.

[0058] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A laser ignition device, applied in a combustion chamber, characterized in that, include: A laser mounting base (3) is provided with an igniter mounting hole (31) and a protective component mounting hole (32). Igniter assembly (1), aligned and mounted at the igniter mounting hole (31), with lens body (12) on the igniter assembly (1) extending into the igniter mounting hole (31); A lens protection assembly (2) is installed at the mounting hole (32) of the protection assembly. The lens protection assembly (2) includes a housing (21) and a valve (22). The housing (21) is fixedly connected to the laser mounting base (3). A vent hole (2111) is provided through the housing (21). The valve (22) is rotatably installed inside the housing (21). An extension (224) is connected to the valve (22). A shield (225) is installed at the end of the extension (224) away from the valve (22). A swirl vane (222) is provided on the valve (22) along the axial direction of the housing (21). The swirl vane (222) is adapted to apply torque to the valve (22) under the action of the airflow in the combustion chamber, so as to drive the valve (22) to rotate and thereby drive the shield (225) to rotate to completely block the igniter mounting hole (31). The vent (2111) is arranged axially parallel to the housing (21), and the valve (22) is adapted to move closer to or further away from the vent under the pressure difference on both sides of the vent (2111) to block or open the vent.

2. The laser ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser mounting base (3) is provided with a rectangular groove (33). One end of the rectangular groove (33) is connected to the protective component mounting hole (32), and the other end is connected to the igniter mounting hole (31). When the valve (22) rotates so that the shielding member (225) blocks the igniter mounting hole (31), the extension member (224) is embedded in the rectangular groove (33).

3. The laser ignition device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, A biasing member (23) is installed between the valve (22) and the housing (21). The biasing member (23) is adapted to apply a reset biasing force to the valve (22) after the valve (22) rotates or moves axially.

4. The laser ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cavity of the housing (21) is provided with a tapered hole (2112), and the end of the tapered hole (2112) with a smaller inner diameter is connected to the vent hole (2111); The valve (22) has a tapered surface (221) at its end, which is adapted to abut against the tapered hole (2112).

5. The laser ignition device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The housing (21) has a limiting slot (2121) on its side wall. The limiting slot (2121) is facing the igniter assembly (1). When the valve (22) rotates so that the shield (225) blocks the igniter mounting hole (31), the extension (224) is embedded in the limiting slot (2121).

6. The laser ignition device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, One end of the extension (224) that is connected to the valve (22) is fixedly connected to an assembly retaining ring (24), and the assembly retaining ring (24) is fixedly sleeved on the valve (22); The inner side of the housing (21) is provided with an assembly slot (2113), and the assembly ring (24) is embedded in the assembly slot (2113).

7. The laser ignition device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The assembly retaining ring (24) is provided with an installation opening.

8. A combustion chamber, characterized in that, Includes the laser ignition device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The combustion chamber according to claim 8, characterized in that, The laser mounting base (3) is fixedly mounted on the casing (7). An ignition hole is provided on the outer ring of the flame tube. The laser beam of the igniter assembly (1) is focused by the lens body (12) and then enters the flame tube body (5) through the ignition hole. The laser focus of the igniter assembly (1) is located inside the flame tube body (5).

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