Cable-stayed spiral single straight anchor and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a cable-stayed spiral single straight anchor and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of anchor fixing of geotechnical engineering. The spiral single straight anchor comprises a spiral anchor rod and spiral blades. The spiral anchor rod is of a hollow structure. The spiral blades are arranged in a continuous non-equidistant shape on the lower part of the spiral anchor rod in the axial direction. The spiral blades are of a variable-diameter structure with a small upper part and a large lower part. A plurality of inclined barbs are arranged on the surface of the blades. The tips of the barbs are arranged in the opposite direction of the anchor rod rotation direction. The pitch of the spiral blades gradually decreases from bottom to top. The upper part of the T-shaped rod is a horizontal rod which is hung on the top port of the spiral anchor rod. The lower part of the T-shaped rod is a vertical rod. The cable-stayed spiral single straight anchor and the construction method thereof can effectively improve the anchoring force, can be adapted to different cable directions, and can improve the applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering anchoring technology, and in particular to a cable-stayed spiral single straight anchor and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Soft tidal flats are widely distributed along my country's coast and river estuaries, characterized by high water content, high compressibility, low strength, low permeability, and high sensitivity. When constructing power transmission towers, photovoltaic supports, temporary roads, or reclamation projects on such foundations, anchoring structures are often required to provide pull-out or overturning resistance. Spiral anchors, as anchoring components that are screwed into the soil by torque, have application potential in soft tidal flat areas due to their advantages such as quick construction and immediate load-bearing capacity.

[0003] However, existing helical anchors used in soft soil tidal flats often employ fixed guy wire connection plates and equal-diameter helical blade structures. In practical applications, the equal-diameter helical blades are prone to rotation and backlash when subjected to oblique tension, resulting in significant attenuation of anchoring force after long-term service. This fails to meet the long-term safe operation requirements of transmission lines, and the lateral restraint force in soft soil tidal flats is extremely weak. When the guy wire acts on the top of a traditional helical anchor, the eccentric bending moment can easily cause the anchor to twist, tilt, or be pulled out entirely in the soft soil, resulting in severely insufficient horizontal pull-out bearing capacity. Furthermore, the soft soil has low gripping force on the anchor, and the anchor body is prone to cumulative displacement under long-term cyclic loads such as wind and waves. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a spiral anchoring device and its construction method suitable for soft soil structures in tidal flats. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art by providing a helical single straight anchor for inclined guy wires and its construction method, which effectively improves the anchoring force and can adapt to different guy wire directions, thus enhancing applicability and having the characteristics of wide applicability and strong practicality.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a single straight helical anchor with a inclined guide rail, comprising a helical anchor rod and helical blades. The helical anchor rod has a hollow structure. The helical blades are arranged in a continuous, non-equidistant shape along the lower axial direction of the helical anchor rod. The helical blades have a variable diameter structure, with a smaller upper diameter and a larger lower diameter, and the blade surface is provided with multiple inclined barbs. The tips of the barbs are oriented in the opposite direction to the screwing direction of the anchor rod. The pitch of the helical blades gradually decreases from bottom to top. A T-shaped rod is provided at the upper part of the helical anchor rod, and the upper part of the T-shaped rod is a crossbar. The horizontal bar is hung on the top end of the spiral anchor rod. The lower part of the T-shaped bar is a vertical bar, on which multiple soil reinforcement devices are slidably fitted. These devices are anchored to the soil as it is filled with concrete. The lower end of the spiral anchor rod has a transverse grout channel. An anchoring device for reinforcing the bottom soil is set on the outside of the grout channel. The anchoring device is connected to the inner cavity of the spiral anchor rod through the grout channel. The spiral anchor rod and the anchoring device are filled with concrete. The top of the spiral anchor rod has an adjustable tilt angle guy wire assembly.

[0006] As a further improvement, the soil reinforcement device includes a sliding sleeve, a conical boss, and multiple insertion tips. The conical boss is located on the outside of the spiral anchor rod. The upper contour edge of the conical boss is provided with multiple placement grooves that are adapted to the insertion tips and arranged in a circumferential array. The sliding sleeve is movably fitted on the T-shaped rod. One end of the insertion tip is hinged to the sliding sleeve, and the other end is provided with a flat cutting edge. The flat cutting edges are arranged one-to-one on the placement grooves.

[0007] Furthermore, the spiral anchor rod has multiple side wall grooves corresponding to the insertion tip rod, and the insertion tip rod is arranged through the side wall grooves.

[0008] Furthermore, the pull wire assembly includes a left pull wire connecting plate, a right pull wire connecting plate, a rotating bolt, and an angle adjusting bolt. The lower ends of the left and right pull wire connecting plates are connected to the spiral anchor rod via the rotating bolt and the angle adjusting bolt, and the upper ends of the left and right pull wire connecting plates are fitted together.

[0009] Furthermore, the lower part of the left and right pull line connecting plates is provided with multiple adjustment holes. The rotating bolt passes through the left pull line connecting plate, the spiral anchor rod, and the right pull line connecting plate in sequence and is connected to the locking nut. The angle adjusting bolt passes through one of the adjustment holes to connect and fix the left and right pull line connecting plates to the spiral anchor rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the anchoring device includes a grout bag, a fixing ring, and a locking screw. Both ends of the grout bag are pressed onto the spiral anchor rod by the fixing ring, and the fixing ring is sleeved on the spiral anchor rod and fixed by the locking screw.

[0011] A construction method for a single straight anchor for a cable-stayed cable spiral includes the following steps: S1: Screw the helical anchor rod of the inclined cable helical single straight anchor into the soil at the designed depth, so that the helical blade and anchoring device are completely located in the soil; S2: Concrete is poured into the bottom of the hole through the hollow inner cavity of the spiral anchor rod. The concrete enters the anchoring device through the grout channel opened at the lower end of the spiral anchor rod, causing the anchoring device to expand and form an expanded anchor body at the bottom. S3: Continuously pour concrete, using the filling pressure of the concrete to push the sliding sleeve on the T-shaped rod to move axially relative to the spiral anchor rod, thereby driving the insertion tip rod to move outward, so that multiple insertion tip rods extend radially from the side wall of the spiral anchor rod and penetrate into the surrounding soil; S4: After the concrete has hardened, install the guy wire assembly on the top of the spiral anchor rod, and adjust the tilt angle of the guy wire assembly according to the direction of the inclined guy wire to complete the anchoring construction.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S2, the anchoring device includes a grout bag, which is sealed and fixed to the spiral anchor rod at both ends by a fixing ring and a locking screw. When concrete is poured, the grout bag expands at the bottom of the soil to form an enlarged head with a diameter greater than the maximum outer diameter of the spiral blade.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S3, the soil reinforcement device includes a sliding sleeve, a conical boss, and an insertion tip; the concrete filling pressure pushes the sliding sleeve downward, causing the insertion tip placed in the groove at the upper end of the conical boss to expand and unfold along the inclined surface, and the flat blade of the insertion tip passes through the groove on the side wall of the spiral anchor rod and penetrates into the soil, forming radial anchoring branches.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S4, the guy wire assembly includes a left guy wire connecting plate, a right guy wire connecting plate, a rotating bolt, and an angle adjusting bolt; the guy wire assembly is connected to the top of the spiral anchor rod by rotating the bolt, and different height adjustment holes are selected to cooperate with the angle adjusting bolt to change the tilt angle of the guy wire assembly so that it adapts to the direction of the inclined guy wire.

[0015] Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The present invention employs variable-diameter helical blades with a smaller upper diameter and a larger lower diameter, combined with a non-equidistant pitch design that gradually decreases from bottom to top, and sets reverse barbs on the blades. When the anchor is subjected to oblique tension, the barbs and the variable-diameter blades work together to generate significant reverse resistance, effectively preventing the anchor from rotating and retracting, and significantly improving the pull-out bearing capacity in soft soil.

[0016] 2. This invention integrates three anchoring mechanisms. First, the bottom anchoring device forms an enlarged head through grouting, providing strong end anchoring force. Second, the central soil reinforcement device uses pressure to drive the inserted tip to radially penetrate the soil, forming radial anchoring branches, significantly enhancing the lateral interlocking force and shear resistance between the anchor and the surrounding soft soil. Finally, the helical blade itself provides continuous helical anchoring force. The combination of these three mechanisms forms a three-dimensional anchoring network extending from the end and laterally to the continuous structure, greatly improving the long-term stability of the anchoring system under cyclic loading.

[0017] 3. The guy wire assembly at the top of this invention can achieve flexible adjustment of the tilt angle through the cooperation of rotating bolts and angle adjusting bolts with multiple adjusting holes, which can adapt to the strict requirements of different projects on the direction of the guy wire and has strong versatility.

[0018] 4. All anchoring structures in this invention are completed through a single screw-in and grouting process, without the need for additional drilling or complex operations. This achieves integrated construction of anchoring and reinforcement, significantly improving construction efficiency and reducing project costs. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention without grouting. Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 6 for Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B.

[0020] The components are: 1-Helical anchor rod; 2-Guard wire assembly; 3-Anchoring device; 4-Soil reinforcement device; 5-Helical blade; 6-Barb; 7-T-shaped rod; 8-Adjusting hole; 9-Side wall groove; 10-Placement groove; 11-Groove groove; 12-Concrete; 21-Right guard wire connecting plate; 22-Rotating bolt; 23-Angle adjusting bolt; 24-Left guard wire connecting plate; 31-Groove bag; 32-Locking screw; 33-Fixing ring; 41-Sliding sleeve; 42-Insertion tip rod; 43-Flat blade; 44-Conical boss. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0022] See Figure 1-6As shown, a single straight helical anchor of the present invention includes a helical anchor rod 1 and helical blades 5. The helical anchor rod 1 has a hollow structure. The helical blades 5 are arranged in a continuous non-equidistant shape along the lower axial direction of the helical anchor rod 1. The helical blades 5 have a variable diameter structure with a smaller upper diameter and a larger lower diameter, and the blade surface is provided with multiple inclined barbs 6. The tips of the barbs 6 are arranged in the opposite direction to the screwing direction of the anchor rod. The pitch of the helical blades 5 gradually decreases from bottom to top. A T-shaped rod 7 is provided on the upper part of the helical anchor rod 1. The upper part of the T-shaped rod 7 is a crossbar. The T-shaped rod 7 is horizontally hung on the top end of the spiral anchor rod 1. The lower part of the T-shaped rod 7 is a vertical rod, and multiple soil reinforcement devices 4 are slidably sleeved on the vertical rod, which are anchored to the expandable reinforced soil as the concrete 12 is filled. The lower end of the spiral anchor rod 1 has a horizontally penetrating grout channel 11. An anchoring device 3 for reinforcing the bottom soil is set on the outside of the grout channel 11. The anchoring device 3 is connected to the inner cavity of the spiral anchor rod 1 through the grout channel 11. The spiral anchor rod 1 and the anchoring device 3 are filled with concrete 12. The top of the spiral anchor rod 1 is equipped with a pull wire assembly 2 with an adjustable tilt angle.

[0023] In this embodiment, the spiral anchor 1 is a hollow steel pipe structure with an open upper end and a transversely penetrating grout groove 11 at its lower end for screwing into the soil and serving as a channel for subsequent grouting. The spiral blades 5 are continuously welded or integrally formed in a non-equidistant shape and arranged axially on the lower part of the spiral anchor 1. To achieve better pull-out and rotation resistance, the spiral blades 5 adopt a variable diameter structure, with the outer diameter of the lower blades being larger than that of the upper blades, and the pitch gradually decreasing from bottom to top. More importantly, multiple inclined barbs 6 are provided on the surface of the spiral blades 5, with the tips of the barbs 6 facing the opposite direction of the anchor screwing in. When the anchor rod is subjected to an upward pull-out force or an oblique tension force, the barbs 6 will cut into the surrounding soil like barbs, generating huge resistance and effectively preventing the anchor rod from rotating out. The T-shaped rod 7 is set on the upper part of the spiral anchor rod 1. Its upper part is a horizontal bar, which hangs horizontally on the top port of the spiral anchor rod 1. The lower part of the T-shaped rod 7 is a vertical bar, which extends downward into the inner cavity of the spiral anchor rod 1. This "horizontal" structure allows the T-shaped rod 7 to remain vertical under its own weight before grouting. Simultaneously, under grouting pressure, the T-shaped rod 7 will not be pushed out by the concrete but will remain fixed, providing stable axial sliding guidance for the sliding sleeve 41. The spiral anchor rod 1 is screwed into the soft soil by torque. The variable-diameter and variable-pitch spiral blades 5 provide downward propulsion during screwing. After screwing, the top-smaller, bottom-larger structure causes the contact area between the blades and the soil to gradually increase from bottom to top. Combined with the barbs 6, this forms a one-way locking mechanism. When the anchor rod is subjected to an upward pull-out force from the tension wire, the barbs 6 cut into the soil, preventing the anchor rod from rotating backward and exiting. The hollow structure serves as the grouting channel. The concrete 12 first enters the anchoring device 3 through the grout channel 11, causing it to expand and form an enlarged bottom head. Subsequently, the concrete pressure pushes the soil reinforcement device 4 to expand radially. Ultimately, after the concrete 12 solidifies, it forms a composite structure with the anchor rod. The guy wire assembly 2 can adjust the angle according to the direction of the guy wire, which solves the problems of existing spiral anchors being prone to rotation and retraction in soft soil, insufficient pull-out bearing capacity, and inability to adapt to changes in the angle of the guy wire. It achieves anti-rotation through variable diameter blades and barbs, achieves multiple anchoring through bottom enlargement head and radial branches, achieves directional adaptability through adjustable guy wire assembly, and achieves full-section corrosion protection through concrete filling.

[0024] Specifically, the soil reinforcement device 4 includes a sliding sleeve 41, a conical boss 44, and multiple insertion tips 42. The conical boss 44 is located outside the spiral anchor 1. Multiple placement grooves 10, adapted to the insertion tips 42 and arranged in a circular array, are provided on the upper contour edge of the conical boss 44. The sliding sleeve 41 is movably fitted onto the T-shaped rod 7. One end of the insertion tip 42 is hinged to the sliding sleeve 41, and the other end is provided with a flat cutting edge 43. The flat cutting edges 43 are arranged one-to-one on the placement grooves 10. Before grouting, the flat cutting edges 43 are retracted into the placement grooves 10, without affecting the screwing in of the anchor. During grouting, the pressure of the concrete 12 pushes the sliding sleeve 41 downwards along the T-shaped rod 7. As the sliding sleeve 41 moves downwards, it pushes the insertion tips 42. Due to the guiding effect of the inclined surface of the conical boss 44, the insertion tips 42 are forced to expand radially outwards, and the flat cutting edges 43 pierce into the surrounding soil. Multiple inserted pins 42 are arranged in a circumferential array, forming radial anchoring branches, which solves the problem of low lateral bond strength of anchors in soft soil. The radial branches significantly increase the lateral contact area and shear capacity between the anchor and the soil, and significantly improve the long-term stability of the anchoring system under cyclic loading.

[0025] Preferably, the spiral anchor 1 has multiple sidewall grooves 9 corresponding to the insertion tip 42. The insertion tip 42 is arranged through the sidewall grooves 9. The sidewall grooves 9 provide a radial movement channel for the insertion tip 42, allowing it to extend from the inside of the anchor through the sidewall to the external soil. On the other hand, the edge of the sidewall groove 9 guides and limits the movement direction of the insertion tip 42, ensuring that it penetrates in the predetermined radial direction and avoiding deflection or jamming. This ensures the reliability and directional accuracy of the expansion action of the insertion tip 42. At the same time, the design of the sidewall groove 9 allows the insertion tip 42 to be completely contained within the anchor outline in the initial state, without affecting the screwing-in construction of the spiral anchor.

[0026] Furthermore, the guy wire assembly 2 includes a left guy wire connecting plate 24, a right guy wire connecting plate 21, a rotating bolt 22, and an angle adjusting bolt 23. The lower ends of the left guy wire connecting plate 24 and the right guy wire connecting plate 21 are connected to the spiral anchor rod 1 via the rotating bolt 22 and the angle adjusting bolt 23. The upper ends of the left guy wire connecting plate 24 and the right guy wire connecting plate 21 are fitted together. The left and right guy wire connecting plates 21 and 24 are hinged to the top of the spiral anchor rod 1 via the rotating bolt 22, allowing the two connecting plates to rotate around the rotating bolt 22. The angle adjusting bolt 23 is used to lock the angle after rotation. After the upper ends are fitted together, a unified connection point is formed for fixing the external stay cables.

[0027] Furthermore, multiple adjustment holes 8 are provided at the lower part of the left guy wire connecting plate 24 and the right guy wire connecting plate 21. The rotating bolt 22 passes through the left guy wire connecting plate 24, the spiral anchor rod 1, and the right guy wire connecting plate 21 in sequence and connects to the locking nut. The angle adjustment bolt 23 passes through one of the adjustment holes 8 and connects and fixes the left guy wire connecting plate 24 and the right guy wire connecting plate 21 to the spiral anchor rod 1. The rotating bolt 22 serves as the rotation center. When the angle needs to be adjusted, the angle adjustment bolt 23 is loosened, and the left and right guy wire connecting plates 21 and 24 are rotated around the rotating bolt 22 to the required angle. Then, the adjustment hole 8 corresponding to the angle is selected, the angle adjustment bolt 23 is passed through the adjustment hole 8 and locked, thereby fixing the connecting plate to the spiral anchor rod 1. The adjustment holes 8 at different heights correspond to different tilt angles, realizing multi-level and precisely adjustable angle control of the guy wire. Construction personnel can quickly select the appropriate angle according to the direction of the guy wire on site without replacing parts, improving construction efficiency and adaptability.

[0028] Furthermore, the anchoring device 3 includes a grout-binding bag 31, a fixing ring 33, and a locking screw 32. Both ends of the grout-binding bag 31 are pressed against the spiral anchor rod 1 by the fixing ring 33. The fixing ring 33 is sleeved on the spiral anchor rod 1 and fixed by the locking screw 32. The grout-binding bag 31 is a flexible bag that initially collapses and fits against the outer circumference of the spiral anchor rod 1 for easy screwing in. During grouting, concrete 12 enters the grout-binding bag 31 through the grout channel 11, causing the bag to expand, compressing the surrounding soil and forming a concrete enlarged head with a diameter much larger than the spiral blade 5. The fixing ring 33 and the locking screw 32 ensure a sealed connection between both ends of the grout-binding bag 31 and the anchor rod, preventing grout leakage and solving the problem of insufficient end anchoring force in traditional spiral anchors. The enlarged head formed by the grout-binding bag 31 provides strong end pull-out bearing capacity, while the flexible bag can adapt to irregular hole bottom shapes, ensuring the forming quality of the enlarged head.

[0029] A construction method for a single straight anchor for a cable-stayed cable spiral includes the following steps: S1: Screw the helical anchor rod 1 of the inclined cable helical single straight anchor into the soil at the designed depth, so that the helical blade 5 and the anchoring device 3 are completely located in the soil; S2: Concrete 12 is poured into the bottom of the hole through the hollow inner cavity of the spiral anchor rod 1. The concrete 12 enters the interior of the anchoring device 3 through the grout channel 11 opened at the lower end of the spiral anchor rod 1, causing the anchoring device 3 to expand and form an expanded anchor body at the bottom. S3: Continuously pour concrete 12, and use the filling pressure of concrete 12 to push the sliding sleeve 41 on T-shaped rod 7 to move axially relative to spiral anchor rod 1, thereby driving the insertion tip rod 42 to move outward, so that multiple insertion tip rods 42 extend radially from the side wall of spiral anchor rod 1 and penetrate into the surrounding soil. S4: After the concrete 12 has solidified, install the guy wire assembly 2 on the top of the spiral anchor rod 1, and adjust the tilt angle of the guy wire assembly 2 according to the direction of the inclined guy wire to complete the anchoring construction.

[0030] In this embodiment, all anchoring structures (bottom enlarged head, radial branches) are completed through a single screw-in and grouting process, without the need for additional drilling or secondary construction, which greatly improves construction efficiency and reduces project costs.

[0031] Furthermore, in step S2, the anchoring device 3 includes a grout bag 31. The two ends of the grout bag 31 are sealed and fixed to the spiral anchor rod 1 by a fixing ring 33 and a locking screw 32. When concrete 12 is poured, the grout bag 31 expands at the bottom of the soil to form an enlarged head with a diameter greater than the maximum outer diameter of the spiral blade 5. This clarifies the forming method and size requirements of the enlarged head at the bottom. The enlarged head diameter is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the spiral blade 5, ensuring that the end anchoring force is greater than the anchoring force provided by the spiral blade, forming a reasonable anchoring force distribution with the end as the dominant force and the spiral as the auxiliary force.

[0032] Furthermore, in step S3, the soil reinforcement device 4 includes a sliding sleeve 41, a conical boss 44, and an insertion tip 42. The filling pressure of the concrete 12 pushes the sliding sleeve 41 downward, causing the insertion tip 42, placed in the groove 10 at the upper end of the conical boss 44, to expand and unfold along the inclined surface. The flat blade 43 of the insertion tip 42 passes through the side wall groove 9 of the spiral anchor rod 1 and penetrates into the soil, forming radial anchoring branches. Utilizing the grouting pressure as the driving force, no additional power source is required, achieving self-driven expansion. The inclined surface design of the conical boss 44 converts the axial movement of the sliding sleeve 41 into the radial movement of the insertion tip 42, making the mechanism simple and reliable.

[0033] Furthermore, in step S4, the pull wire assembly 2 includes a left pull wire connecting plate 24, a right pull wire connecting plate 21, a rotating bolt 22, and an angle adjusting bolt 23. The pull wire assembly 2 is connected to the top of the spiral anchor rod 1 by rotating the bolt 22. Different height adjustment holes 8 are selected to cooperate with the angle adjusting bolt 23 to change the tilt angle of the pull wire assembly 2 so that it adapts to the direction of the inclined pull wire. By selecting different height adjustment holes 8, multiple preset angles can be quickly switched, which is simple to operate and highly adaptable.

[0034] In this embodiment, the assembled inclined cable spiral single straight anchor is screwed into the soft soil of the tidal flat to the designed depth using specialized machinery, ensuring that the spiral blade 5 and the anchoring device 3 are completely located within the bearing layer soil. At this time, the T-shaped rod 7 remains vertical because its upper horizontal bar hangs horizontally on top of the spiral anchor rod 1; the sliding sleeve 41 of the soil reinforcement device 4 is located at the initial position of the upper part of the vertical rod of the T-shaped rod 7, and the inserted tip 42 is completely housed in the side wall groove 9 and the placement groove 10. Concrete 12 is injected into the hollow cavity inside the spiral anchor rod 1 through the top opening using grouting equipment. The concrete 12 flows down along the inner cavity of the anchor rod, flows out through the grout channel 11 after reaching the bottom, and quickly fills and expands the grout bag 31. The grout bag 31 expands, compacting the surrounding soft soil and forming a concrete enlarged head at the bottom of the anchor rod with a diameter much larger than the maximum outer diameter of the spiral blade 5. After the concrete initially sets, this enlarged head provides strong end pull-out bearing capacity, allowing for continuous injection of concrete 12. As the level of concrete 12 rises within the inner cavity of the spiral anchor rod 1, its filling pressure acts on the sliding sleeve 41. Because the upper crossbar of the T-shaped rod 7 is fixed by being suspended from the top of the spiral anchor rod 1, the sliding sleeve 41 moves axially downwards along the vertical bar of the T-shaped rod 7 under the pressure of the concrete filling. As the sliding sleeve 41 moves downwards, it pushes the insertion tip 42, which is hinged to it. The flat cutting edge 43 of the insertion tip 42 is guided by the inclined surface of the groove 10 on the conical boss 44, and is forced to expand radially outwards along the side wall groove 9. Multiple flat cutting edges 43 of the insertion tip 42 sharply pierce into the surrounding soft soil, forming radial anchoring branches resembling tree roots. These branches greatly enhance the lateral contact area and shear resistance between the anchor bolt and the soil. After the concrete 12 inside the spiral anchor bolt 1 and the grout bag 31 has completely solidified, the guy wire assembly 2 is installed on the top of the spiral anchor bolt 1. First, the left guy wire connecting plate 24 and the right guy wire connecting plate 21 are placed on both sides of the top of the spiral anchor bolt 1, and a rotating bolt 22 is used to pass through the three to form a hinge. Then, according to the required angle of the external inclined cable, appropriate adjustment holes 8 are selected on the left guy wire connecting plate 24 and the right guy wire connecting plate 21, and the angle adjustment bolt 23 is passed through the adjustment hole 8 and fixed, thereby locking the tilt angle of the guy wire assembly 2. Finally, the external inclined cable is connected to the upper connection hole of the left guy wire connecting plate 24 and the right guy wire connecting plate 21 to complete the entire anchoring construction. The present invention effectively prevents the anchor rod from rotating and retracting in soft soil by combining the barbs 6 on the spiral blade 5 with a variable diameter and variable pitch structure. Through the enlarged head formed by the bottom anchoring device 3 and the radial anchoring branches formed by the central soil reinforcement device 4, a three-dimensional multi-layered anchoring system is constructed from the end, sides, and spiral blades, significantly improving the pull-out bearing capacity and long-term stability in soft tidal flats. The adjustable-angle guy wire assembly 2 can flexibly adapt to the requirements of inclined guy wires in different directions. The construction method of the present invention enables all anchoring structures to be completed through a single screw-in and grouting process, resulting in high construction efficiency and low cost.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A single straight cable-stayed helical anchor, characterized by, The device includes a spiral anchor rod (1) and spiral blades (5). The spiral anchor rod (1) has a hollow structure. The spiral blades (5) are arranged in a continuous, non-equidistant shape along the lower axial direction of the spiral anchor rod (1). The spiral blades (5) have a variable diameter structure with a smaller upper diameter and a larger lower diameter. The blade surface is provided with multiple inclined barbs (6). The tips of the barbs (6) are set in the opposite direction to the spiral rod's screwing direction. The pitch of the spiral blades (5) gradually decreases from bottom to top. The upper part of the spiral anchor rod (1) is provided with a T-shaped rod (7). The upper part of the T-shaped rod (7) is a horizontal bar, which is hung horizontally on the top port of the spiral anchor rod (1). The lower part of the T-shaped rod (7) is a vertical rod, and multiple soil reinforcement devices (4) that can be expanded and anchored as concrete (12) fills the vertical rod are slidably mounted on it. The lower end of the spiral anchor rod (1) is provided with a transverse grout channel (11). An anchoring device (3) for reinforcing the bottom soil is provided on the outside of the grout channel (11). The anchoring device (3) is connected to the inner cavity of the spiral anchor rod (1) through the grout channel (11). The spiral anchor rod (1) and the anchoring device (3) are filled with concrete (12). The top of the spiral anchor rod (1) is provided with a pull wire assembly (2) with an adjustable tilt angle.

2. The inclined cable spiral single straight anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil reinforcement device (4) includes a sliding sleeve (41), a conical boss (44) and multiple insertion tips (42). The conical boss (44) is located outside the spiral anchor (1). The upper contour edge of the conical boss (44) is provided with multiple placement slots (10) that are adapted to the insertion tips (42) and arranged in a circular array. The sliding sleeve (41) is movably sleeved on the T-shaped rod (7). One end of the insertion tip (42) is hinged to the sliding sleeve (41), and the other end is provided with a flat blade (43). The flat blades (43) are arranged one-to-one on the placement slots (10).

3. A straight, spiral-shaped anchor with a guide wire according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spiral anchor rod (1) has multiple side wall grooves (9) corresponding to the insertion tip rod (42), and the insertion tip rod (42) is arranged through the side wall grooves (9).

4. A single straight anchor with a inclined cable spiral as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pull wire assembly (2) includes a left pull wire connecting plate (24), a right pull wire connecting plate (21), a rotating bolt (22), and an angle adjusting bolt (23). The lower ends of the left pull wire connecting plate (24) and the right pull wire connecting plate (21) are connected to the spiral anchor rod (1) by the rotating bolt (22) and the angle adjusting bolt (23). The upper ends of the left pull wire connecting plate (24) and the right pull wire connecting plate (21) are fitted together.

5. A straight, spiral-shaped anchor with a guide wire according to claim 4, characterized in that, The left pull line connecting plate (24) and the right pull line connecting plate (21) are provided with multiple adjustment holes (8) at their lower parts. The rotating bolt (22) passes through the left pull line connecting plate (24), the spiral anchor rod (1), and the right pull line connecting plate (21) in sequence and is connected to the locking nut. The angle adjusting bolt (23) passes through one of the adjustment holes (8) to connect and fix the left pull line connecting plate (24) and the right pull line connecting plate (21) to the spiral anchor rod (1).

6. A single straight anchor with a inclined cable spiral as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The anchoring device (3) includes a grout bag (31), a fixing ring (33) and a locking screw (32). The upper and lower ends of the grout bag (31) are pressed onto the spiral anchor rod (1) by the fixing ring (33). The fixing ring (33) is sleeved on the spiral anchor rod (1) and fixed by the locking screw (32).

7. A construction method for a single straight anchor spiral of a cable-stayed cable, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Screw the helical anchor rod (1) of the inclined cable helical single straight anchor into the soil at the designed depth, so that the helical blade (5) and the anchoring device (3) are completely located in the soil; S2: Concrete (12) is poured into the bottom of the hole through the hollow cavity of the spiral anchor rod (1). The concrete (12) enters the interior of the anchoring device (3) through the grout channel (11) opened at the lower end of the spiral anchor rod (1), causing the anchoring device (3) to expand and form an expanded anchor body at the bottom. S3: Continuously pour concrete (12), and use the filling pressure of concrete (12) to push the sliding sleeve (41) on the T-shaped rod (7) to move axially relative to the spiral anchor rod (1), thereby driving the insertion tip rod (42) to move outward, so that multiple insertion tip rods (42) extend radially from the side wall of the spiral anchor rod (1) and penetrate into the surrounding soil; S4: After the concrete (12) has solidified, install the guy wire assembly (2) on the top of the spiral anchor rod (1) and adjust the tilt angle of the guy wire assembly (2) according to the direction of the inclined guy wire to complete the anchoring construction.

8. The construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S2, the anchoring device (3) includes a grout bag (31). The two ends of the grout bag (31) are sealed and fixed on the spiral anchor rod (1) by a fixing ring (33) and a locking screw (32). When the concrete is poured (12), the grout bag (31) expands at the bottom of the soil to form an enlarged head with a diameter greater than the maximum outer diameter of the spiral blade (5).

9. The construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S3, the soil reinforcement device (4) includes a sliding sleeve (41), a conical boss (44), and an insertion tip (42); the filling pressure of the concrete (12) pushes the sliding sleeve (41) downward, causing the insertion tip (42) placed in the groove (10) at the upper end of the conical boss (44) to expand along the inclined surface. The flat blade (43) of the insertion tip (42) passes through the side wall groove (9) of the spiral anchor rod (1) and pierces into the soil, forming radial anchoring branches.

10. The construction method according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, In step S4, the guy wire assembly (2) includes a left guy wire connecting plate (24), a right guy wire connecting plate (21), a rotating bolt (22), and an angle adjusting bolt (23). The guy wire assembly (2) is connected to the top of the spiral anchor rod (1) by rotating the bolt (22). Different height adjustment holes (8) are selected to cooperate with the angle adjusting bolt (23) to change the tilt angle of the guy wire assembly (2) so that it adapts to the direction of the angled guy wire.

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