Pump driven two-phase cooling method and related apparatus

Abstract

The application discloses a pump-driven two-phase cooling method and related equipment, and relates to the technical field of heat dissipation of high heat flux density electronic equipment, and comprises a pump-driven two-phase circulation loop, the pump-driven two-phase circulation loop comprising a vapor-liquid separation device, an evaporative cold plate, a main pump and a condenser, the vapor-liquid separation device being used for separating two-phase flow working medium into first liquid working medium and gaseous working medium, the condenser being used for condensing the gaseous working medium into second liquid working medium, and the main pump being used for driving the second liquid working medium into the evaporative cold plate; and an overflow branch, the overflow branch comprising an overflow pump, the overflow pump being used for re-driving the first liquid working medium into the evaporative cold plate, so that the first liquid working medium participates in phase change heat exchange again. Through vapor-liquid separation and overflow recirculation, the application stabilizes dryness, improves condensation efficiency, avoids dryout and overpressure at the same time, and enhances system stability and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of heat dissipation technology for high heat flux density electronic devices, and in particular to pump-driven two-phase cooling methods and related equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, pump-driven two-phase cooling systems utilize the latent heat of phase change of the working fluid to transfer heat. Compared with single-phase liquid cooling, they have significant advantages such as high heat exchange efficiency and strong cooling capacity, and have become an important technology direction in the field of heat dissipation for high heat flux density electronic devices such as data center servers and high-power chips.

[0003] However, existing pump-driven two-phase cooling systems still face numerous technical challenges in actual operation. First, during system startup, shutdown, or sudden load changes, drastic fluctuations in the dryness of the working fluid at the evaporator outlet can easily cause flow and pressure pulsations, potentially leading to localized drying out of the evaporator or even burnout of the heat source. Second, if the gas-liquid two-phase mixture exiting the evaporator directly enters the condenser, it will significantly affect the condensation effect and system efficiency. Furthermore, changes in temperature and pressure during system operation alter the total volume of the working fluid, potentially causing system overpressure or operational failures under specific conditions. These problems severely restrict the stability and reliability of pump-driven two-phase cooling systems.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve efficient and stable cooling has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this application is to provide a pump-driven two-phase cooling method and related equipment, aiming to solve the technical problem of how to perform cooling efficiently and stably.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes a pump-driven two-phase cooling device, which includes: A pump-driven two-phase circulation loop includes a vapor-liquid separator, an evaporator, a main pump, and a condenser. The vapor-liquid separator includes a liquid outlet and a gas outlet, which are used to separate the two-phase working fluid into a first liquid working fluid and a gaseous working fluid. The condenser, the gas outlet, and the main pump are connected by pipelines. The condenser is used to condense the gaseous working fluid into a second liquid working fluid, and the main pump is used to drive the second liquid working fluid into the evaporator. An overflow branch includes an overflow pump connected to the liquid outlet via a pipe. The overflow pump is used to re-drive the first liquid working fluid into the evaporation cold plate so that the first liquid working fluid can re-participate in phase change heat transfer. The overflow pump is also used to adjust the liquid level in the gas-liquid separator to adjust the gas-liquid separation efficiency.

[0007] In one embodiment, the pump-driven two-phase cooling device further includes a control unit, the vapor-liquid separation device is equipped with a liquid level sensor, the control unit is electrically connected to a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor, an overflow pump and a main pump, the control unit is used to acquire data collected by the sensors and adjust the system parameters according to the data, the sensors include the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the liquid level sensor.

[0008] In one embodiment, both the overflow pump outlet and the main pump outlet are equipped with check valves to prevent backflow of the working fluid. The overflow pump and its outlet check valve are combined to adjust the first hydraulic pressure of the first liquid working fluid flowing into the evaporator plate. The main pump and its outlet check valve are combined to adjust the second hydraulic pressure of the second liquid working fluid flowing into the evaporator plate. The difference between the first hydraulic pressure and the second hydraulic pressure is less than a preset hydraulic pressure difference threshold.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes a pump-driven two-phase cooling method, which includes: Acquire data collected by sensors, including the liquid level height of the vapor-liquid separator collected by a liquid level sensor; Based on the data, the system parameters are adjusted, including the rotational speed of the overflow pump, which is adjusted based on the liquid level height.

[0010] In one embodiment, the data further includes the temperature of the gaseous working fluid collected by a temperature sensor and the system pressure collected by a pressure sensor. The parameters also include the rotational speed of the main pump and the rotational speed of the condenser cooling fan. The step of adjusting the system parameters based on the data further includes: Based on the liquid level height in the data, adjust the speed of the overflow pump; Based on the temperature data, adjust the speed of the condenser cooling fan; Based on the system pressure in the data, adjust the speed of the main pump.

[0011] In one embodiment, the step of adjusting the speed of the overflow pump based on the liquid level height in the data further includes: The liquid level height is compared with the upper and lower threshold values ​​of the preset target liquid level range; When the liquid level is higher than the upper limit threshold, the overflow pump is started and runs at a first speed to pressurize the liquid working fluid in the vapor-liquid separator and deliver it to the inlet of the evaporation plate. When the liquid level is lower than the lower threshold, the overflow pump is stopped. When the liquid level is between the upper limit threshold and the lower limit threshold, the current operating state of the overflow pump remains unchanged.

[0012] In one embodiment, the step of adjusting the speed of the condenser cooling fan based on the temperature in the data further includes: Based on the temperature in the data, determine the corresponding condensing pressure of the condenser; Adjust the speed of the condenser cooling fan based on the condensation pressure.

[0013] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a pump-driven two-phase cooling device, which includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire data collected by sensors, including the liquid level height of the vapor-liquid separator collected by the liquid level switch or liquid level sensor, the temperature of the gaseous working fluid collected by the temperature sensor, and the system pressure collected by the pressure sensor. An adjustment module is used to adjust the system parameters based on the data.

[0014] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the pump-driven two-phase cooling method described above.

[0015] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the pump-driven two-phase cooling method described above.

[0016] One or more technical solutions proposed in this application have at least the following technical effects: This application discloses a pump-driven two-phase cooling method and related equipment, relating to the field of heat dissipation technology for high heat flux density electronic devices. Compared to related technologies where drastic changes in the dryness of the working fluid at the evaporator outlet during system startup, shutdown, or sudden load changes easily cause flow and pressure pulsations, potentially leading to localized drying of the evaporator or even burnout of the heat source, and where direct entry of the gas-liquid two-phase mixture from the evaporator into the condenser significantly affects condensation efficiency and system efficiency, and where temperature and pressure changes during system operation alter the total volume of the working fluid, potentially causing system overpressure or operational failure under specific conditions, the pump-driven two-phase cooling equipment in this application includes a pump-driven two-phase circulation loop, comprising a vapor-liquid separator, an evaporator cooling plate, and a main pump. The vapor-liquid separation device includes a liquid outlet and a gas outlet, and is used to separate a two-phase flow working fluid into a first liquid working fluid and a gaseous working fluid. The condenser, the gas outlet, and the main pump are connected by a pipeline. The condenser is used to condense the gaseous working fluid into a second liquid working fluid, and the main pump is used to drive the second liquid working fluid into the evaporator plate. An overflow branch includes an overflow pump, which is connected to the liquid outlet by a pipeline. The overflow pump is used to re-drive the first liquid working fluid into the evaporator plate so that the first liquid working fluid re-participates in phase change heat transfer. The overflow pump is also used to adjust the liquid level within the vapor-liquid separation device to adjust the vapor-liquid separation efficiency.

[0017] This application stabilizes dryness and improves condensation efficiency through vapor-liquid separation and overflow recirculation, while avoiding dryness and overpressure, thus enhancing system stability and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the pump-driven two-phase cooling equipment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 2 of the pump-driven two-phase cooling method of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the pump-driven two-phase cooling device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] The purpose, features, and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0022] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0023] To better understand the technical solution of this application, a detailed description will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0024] Based on this, the present application provides a pump-driven two-phase cooling device, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment structure provided for the first embodiment of the pump-driven two-phase cooling device of this application.

[0025] In this embodiment, the pump-driven two-phase cooling device includes: A pump-driven two-phase circulation loop includes a vapor-liquid separator, an evaporator, a main pump, and a condenser. The vapor-liquid separator includes a liquid outlet and a gas outlet, which are used to separate the two-phase working fluid into a first liquid working fluid and a gaseous working fluid. The condenser, the gas outlet, and the main pump are connected by pipelines. The condenser is used to condense the gaseous working fluid into a second liquid working fluid, and the main pump is used to drive the second liquid working fluid into the evaporator. An overflow branch includes an overflow pump connected to the liquid outlet via a pipe. The overflow pump is used to re-drive the first liquid working fluid into the evaporation cold plate so that the first liquid working fluid can re-participate in phase change heat transfer. The overflow pump is also used to adjust the liquid level in the gas-liquid separator to adjust the gas-liquid separation efficiency.

[0026] It should be noted that pump-driven two-phase cooling equipment refers to a cooling device that uses a pump as a power source to drive the working fluid to circulate within the system, and relies on the gas-liquid phase change of the working fluid (the liquid absorbs heat and turns into a gas, and the gas releases heat and turns into a liquid) to transfer heat. This equipment is mainly used for heat dissipation of electronic devices with high heat flux density.

[0027] A pump-driven two-phase circulation loop refers to a closed-loop path in which the working fluid completes a full cycle of heat absorption vaporization and heat release liquefaction; it is the core loop of the equipment.

[0028] The overflow branch refers to an auxiliary path separated from the pump-driven two-phase circulation loop, which is used to directly transport the separated liquid working fluid back to the evaporator cold plate to re-participate in the endothermic vaporization process.

[0029] A gas-liquid separator is a container or structural component that has a gas phase zone and a liquid phase zone inside. It is used to separate the gas-liquid two-phase mixture flowing out of the evaporation plate, so that the gaseous working fluid and the liquid working fluid are discharged from different outlets.

[0030] An evaporative cooling plate is a type of heat exchanger with internal flow channels, typically attached to the surface of a heat source. The liquid working fluid absorbs heat within these channels and undergoes a phase change, transforming into a gaseous working fluid, thus carrying away the heat.

[0031] The main pump refers to the main driving component that provides circulating power for the pump-driven two-phase circulation loop, and is used to overcome pipeline resistance and drive the liquid working fluid to flow in the loop.

[0032] A condenser is a type of heat exchanger used to transfer heat from a gaseous working fluid to an external cooling medium, causing the gaseous working fluid to condense into a liquid working fluid.

[0033] The liquid outlet refers to the outlet located in the liquid phase zone of the vapor-liquid separator, which is used to discharge the separated liquid working fluid.

[0034] The gas output port refers to the outlet located in the gas phase zone of the gas-liquid separator, which is used to discharge the separated gaseous working fluid.

[0035] The first liquid working medium refers to the liquid working medium that has not vaporized and is separated from the two-phase flow in the vapor-liquid separation device.

[0036] The gaseous working fluid refers to the gaseous working fluid that has absorbed heat and vaporized, separated from the two-phase flow in the vapor-liquid separation device.

[0037] The second liquid working fluid refers to the working fluid that, after releasing heat in the condenser, re-condenses into a liquid state.

[0038] In this application, firstly, the vapor-liquid separation device receives a two-phase working fluid from the evaporation cold plate, separates it into a first liquid working fluid and a gaseous working fluid, and discharges them from the liquid outlet and the gaseous outlet, respectively.

[0039] Secondly, the gaseous outlet is connected to the inlet of the condenser via a pipe, the outlet of the condenser is connected to the inlet of the main pump via a pipe, and the outlet of the main pump is connected to the inlet of the evaporator plate via a pipe.

[0040] Then, the gaseous working fluid enters the condenser from the gas outlet, where it releases heat and condenses into a second liquid working fluid.

[0041] Finally, the main pump drives the second liquid working fluid from the condenser to the evaporator plate for reheat absorption and vaporization.

[0042] An overflow pump is an auxiliary power pump installed on the overflow branch. Its inlet is connected to the liquid output port of the vapor-liquid separator through a pipe, and its outlet is connected to the inlet of the evaporator plate through a pipe. It is used to extract the first liquid working fluid from the vapor-liquid separator and overcome the pipeline resistance to transport it back to the evaporator plate.

[0043] Understandably, the added overflow pump can respond to changes in system volume in real time, effectively preventing overpressure damage caused by the expansion of the working fluid, as well as the "weightlessness" phenomenon that may occur under specific working conditions, thus significantly improving the safety and service life of the system.

[0044] It is also understandable that by adding a vapor-liquid separation device at the evaporator outlet, the gas-liquid two-phase flow is effectively separated, preventing the liquid working fluid from directly entering the condenser, ensuring the stability of heat exchange efficiency, and fundamentally solving the system instability problem caused by flow pulsation and dryness changes.

[0045] Furthermore, the pump-driven two-phase cooling device also includes a control unit, the vapor-liquid separation device is equipped with a liquid level sensor, the control unit is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, pressure sensor, liquid level sensor, overflow pump and main pump, the control unit is used to acquire data collected by the sensors and adjust the system parameters according to the data, the sensors include the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the liquid level sensor.

[0046] It should be noted that the control unit refers to the core control component in the pump-driven two-phase cooling equipment. It integrates a microcontroller or processor to receive various sensor signals, process them through logic operations or algorithms, generate control commands, and output them to each execution component.

[0047] Electrical connection refers to an electrical connection achieved through wires, ribbon cables, or circuit board traces, used to transmit electrical signals between the control unit and various components, including signals collected by sensors and control signals output by the control unit.

[0048] In this application, a control unit is added to the pump-driven two-phase cooling device, and the control unit is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, pressure sensor, liquid level sensor, overflow pump and main pump respectively, so that the control unit can transmit signals bidirectionally or unidirectionally with the above-mentioned components.

[0049] A liquid level sensor is a detection element installed inside or outside the vapor-liquid separator to detect the liquid level of the working fluid in the vapor-liquid separator in real time and convert the liquid level into an electrical signal output that can be recognized by the control unit. The liquid level sensor can be of different types, such as float type, capacitive type, ultrasonic type, or pressure type.

[0050] The term "sensor" refers to all kinds of detection elements installed in the pump-driven two-phase cooling equipment, including but not limited to the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, and the liquid level sensor.

[0051] A temperature sensor is a detection element installed at the inlet and outlet of the condenser in the pump-driven two-phase cooling equipment. It is used to detect the temperature of the working fluid in real time and convert the temperature value into an electrical signal output.

[0052] A pressure sensor is a detection element installed before and after the main pump in the pump-driven two-phase cooling equipment. It is used to detect the pressure of the working fluid at each location in real time and convert the pressure value into an electrical signal output.

[0053] System parameters refer to the adjustable or controllable operating variables in the pump-driven two-phase cooling equipment, including but not limited to the operating speed of the overflow pump, the operating speed of the main pump, and the heat dissipation power of the condenser (such as fan speed or cooling water flow rate).

[0054] Understandably, by collecting real-time data such as temperature, pressure, and liquid level, the control unit can intelligently adjust the speed of the circulating pump, the speed of the condenser cooling fan, the opening of the control valve, and the start and stop of the overflow pump to ensure that the entire system can operate efficiently and stably under various operating conditions.

[0055] Furthermore, both the overflow pump outlet and the main pump outlet are equipped with check valves to prevent backflow of the working fluid. The overflow pump and its outlet check valve are combined to adjust the first hydraulic pressure of the first liquid working fluid flowing into the evaporator plate. The main pump and its outlet check valve are combined to adjust the second hydraulic pressure of the second liquid working fluid flowing into the evaporator plate. The difference between the first hydraulic pressure and the second hydraulic pressure is less than a preset hydraulic pressure difference threshold.

[0056] A one-way valve is a valve element that allows the working fluid to flow in one direction while automatically preventing reverse flow. When the working fluid flows in the forward direction, the valve core opens under the pressure of the working fluid; when the working fluid attempts to flow in the reverse direction, the valve core closes under the reverse pressure and its own restoring force, thereby cutting off the passage.

[0057] In this application, a check valve is installed on the outlet pipe of the overflow pump, and a check valve is also installed on the outlet pipe of the main pump. The check valve at the outlet of the overflow pump is located on the pipe between the overflow pump and the inlet of the evaporator plate; the check valve at the outlet of the main pump is located on the pipe between the main pump and the inlet of the evaporator plate.

[0058] It is understandable that check valves are introduced into the outlet pipes of the overflow pump and the main pump respectively to create a physical barrier in the piping layout to prevent the working fluid from flowing backward.

[0059] Backflow refers to the working fluid flowing in the opposite direction to the preset flow direction. In the pump-driven two-phase cooling equipment, when one pump is stopped and the other is running, the high-pressure working fluid at the outlet of the running pump may flow back into the stopped pump along the outlet pipe of the stopped pump. This phenomenon is called backflow.

[0060] It should also be noted that when the overflow pump is stopped and the main pump is running, the check valve at the outlet of the overflow pump automatically closes when the pressure before the valve (the high-pressure working fluid from the outlet pipeline of the main pump) is lower than the pressure after the valve, preventing the working fluid from flowing back from the outlet pipeline of the main pump into the overflow pump via the outlet of the overflow pump. Similarly, when the main pump is stopped and the overflow pump is running, the check valve at the outlet of the main pump automatically closes, preventing the working fluid from flowing back from the outlet pipeline of the overflow pump into the main pump. When the corresponding pump is running normally, the check valve at the outlet of that pump opens under the action of the positive working fluid pressure, allowing the working fluid to pass normally.

[0061] Understandably, the one-way valve's unidirectional conduction characteristic prevents the high-pressure working fluid from flowing back to the stopped pump when one pump stops after the outlet pipes of the two pumps merge. This protects the pump body from reverse impact and reverse rotation damage, while also preventing system flow distribution disorder and cooling performance degradation caused by backflow, ensuring the stability and safety of equipment operation.

[0062] This application discloses a pump-driven two-phase cooling method and related equipment, relating to the field of heat dissipation technology for high heat flux density electronic devices. Compared to related technologies where drastic changes in the dryness of the working fluid at the evaporator outlet during system startup, shutdown, or sudden load changes easily cause flow and pressure pulsations, potentially leading to localized drying of the evaporator or even burnout of the heat source, and where direct entry of the gas-liquid two-phase mixture from the evaporator into the condenser significantly affects condensation efficiency and system efficiency, and where temperature and pressure changes during system operation alter the total volume of the working fluid, potentially causing system overpressure or operational failure under specific conditions, the pump-driven two-phase cooling equipment in this application includes a pump-driven two-phase circulation loop, comprising a vapor-liquid separator, an evaporator cooling plate, and a main pump. The vapor-liquid separation device includes a liquid outlet and a gas outlet, and is used to separate a two-phase flow working fluid into a first liquid working fluid and a gaseous working fluid. The condenser, the gas outlet, and the main pump are connected by a pipeline. The condenser is used to condense the gaseous working fluid into a second liquid working fluid, and the main pump is used to drive the second liquid working fluid into the evaporator plate. An overflow branch includes an overflow pump, which is connected to the liquid outlet by a pipeline. The overflow pump is used to re-drive the first liquid working fluid into the evaporator plate so that the first liquid working fluid re-participates in phase change heat transfer. The overflow pump is also used to adjust the liquid level within the vapor-liquid separation device to adjust the vapor-liquid separation efficiency.

[0063] This application stabilizes dryness and improves condensation efficiency through vapor-liquid separation and overflow recirculation, while avoiding dryness and overpressure, thus enhancing system stability and reliability.

[0064] Based on the first embodiment of this application, in the second embodiment of this application, the content that is the same as or similar to that in Embodiment 1 above can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. Based on this, please refer to... Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a second embodiment of the pump-driven two-phase cooling method of this application. This embodiment discloses a pump-driven two-phase cooling method applied to a pump-driven two-phase cooling device. The pump-driven two-phase cooling method further includes steps S100~S200: Step S100: Obtain data collected by the sensor, the data including the liquid level height of the vapor-liquid separator collected by the liquid level sensor; It should be noted that the data refers to the physical quantity signals detected and output in real time by various sensors in the pump-driven two-phase cooling equipment during operation, including but not limited to temperature values, pressure values, and liquid level height values. These data are transmitted to the control unit in the form of electrical signals.

[0065] Liquid level height refers to the vertical distance between the liquid surface of the working fluid inside the vapor-liquid separator and a certain reference base. This physical quantity reflects the amount of liquid working fluid stored in the vapor-liquid separator. The liquid level height detected by the liquid level sensor is one of these data.

[0066] In this embodiment, the control unit receives detection signals sent by the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, and the liquid level sensor in real time via an electrical connection line, and reads the values ​​collected by each sensor, including at least the liquid level height value in the vapor-liquid separator collected by the liquid level sensor, as well as the temperature and pressure values ​​collected by other sensors.

[0067] Understandably, this step provides the control unit with real-time operating data required to execute control decisions, especially acquiring the liquid level height within the vapor-liquid separator, thus providing a data basis for subsequently adjusting the speed of the overflow pump based on the liquid level.

[0068] Step S200: Based on the data, adjust the system parameters, including the speed of the overflow pump, which is adjusted based on the liquid level height.

[0069] It should be noted that the system parameters refer to the operating variables in the pump-driven two-phase cooling equipment that can be adjusted by the control unit, including the speed of the overflow pump, the speed of the main pump, the heat dissipation power of the condenser (such as fan speed or cooling water flow rate), and the target condensing pressure of the condenser.

[0070] The speed of the overflow pump refers to the number of revolutions of the impeller or rotor of the overflow pump per unit time, usually measured in revolutions per minute. The speed of the overflow pump determines its output flow rate and output pressure. The higher the speed, the greater the flow rate of liquid working fluid extracted from the vapor-liquid separator per unit time, and the more liquid working fluid is delivered to the evaporation cold plate.

[0071] In this embodiment, the control unit performs calculations and analyses based on the sensor data acquired in step S100 according to preset control logic, generates adjustment commands for each actuator, and outputs the adjustment commands to the corresponding actuators via electrical connection lines. The speed of the overflow pump is a crucial parameter for adjustment. The control unit calculates the target speed of the overflow pump based on the liquid level height collected by the liquid level sensor using a preset algorithm, and outputs the corresponding drive control signal to the overflow pump's drive module, causing the actual speed of the overflow pump to follow the target speed.

[0072] Understandably, this step enables closed-loop automatic adjustment of the pump-driven two-phase cooling equipment. By adjusting the speed of the overflow pump in real time according to the liquid level, the liquid level in the vapor-liquid separator is precisely maintained within the target range that can achieve high vapor-liquid separation efficiency. This ensures the pure output of the gas and liquid working fluids from the source, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser and the operational safety of the overflow pump, and ultimately achieving synergistic optimization of the overall cooling performance and operational reliability of the system.

[0073] Specifically, the data also includes the temperature of the gaseous working fluid collected by the temperature sensor and the system pressure collected by the pressure sensor. The parameters also include the speed of the main pump and the speed of the condenser cooling fan. The step of adjusting the system parameters based on the data further includes steps S210~S230: Step S210: Adjust the speed of the overflow pump based on the liquid level height in the data; Specifically, the step of adjusting the speed of the overflow pump based on the liquid level height in the data further includes steps S211~S214: Step S211: Compare the liquid level height with the preset upper and lower threshold values ​​of the target liquid level range; Step S212: When the liquid level is higher than the upper limit threshold, start the overflow pump and run the overflow pump at the first speed to pressurize the liquid working fluid in the vapor-liquid separation device and deliver it to the inlet of the evaporation cold plate. Step S213: When the liquid level is lower than the lower threshold, stop the overflow pump; Step S214: When the liquid level is between the upper limit threshold and the lower limit threshold, the current operating state of the overflow pump remains unchanged.

[0074] It should be noted that the preset target liquid level range refers to a liquid level height interval pre-stored in the control unit, which has an upper limit boundary value and a lower limit boundary value. The target liquid level range is pre-calibrated based on the structural dimensions of the vapor-liquid separator, the relationship curve between gas-liquid separation efficiency and liquid level, and the system design operating conditions. When the liquid level is within this range, the vapor-liquid separator can maintain a high gas-liquid separation efficiency.

[0075] The upper limit threshold refers to the highest boundary value of the target liquid level range. When the liquid level is higher than this value, it indicates that the liquid level is too high, and there is a risk that the liquid working fluid will be entrained into the condenser by the gas phase.

[0076] The lower limit threshold refers to the lowest boundary value of the target liquid level range. When the liquid level is below this value, it indicates that the liquid level is too low, and there is a risk that insufficient liquid seal of the working fluid may cause gaseous working fluid to escape from the liquid phase outlet.

[0077] The first rotational speed refers to a preset rotational speed command value issued by the control unit to the overflow pump when the liquid level is higher than the upper threshold. This rotational speed value is usually a fixed value greater than zero, or it can be gradually increased to a certain rotational speed value according to a preset acceleration curve. The selection of the first rotational speed should ensure that the flow rate of liquid working fluid drawn by the overflow pump from the vapor-liquid separator is greater than the flow rate of liquid working fluid that does not vaporize and returns from the evaporating plate, thereby allowing the liquid level to fall back from a position higher than the upper threshold to the target liquid level range.

[0078] Pressurization refers to the overflow pump performing work on the liquid working fluid through impeller rotation, increasing the pressure energy of the liquid working fluid so that it can overcome pipeline resistance and be transported from the liquid phase zone of the vapor-liquid separator to the inlet of the evaporation cold plate.

[0079] In this embodiment, the control unit compares the current liquid level height value obtained from the liquid level sensor with the upper and lower threshold values ​​of the target liquid level range pre-stored in the control unit to determine the interval position of the current liquid level height. The comparison result has three possibilities: the current liquid level height is higher than the upper threshold, the current liquid level height is lower than the lower threshold, or the current liquid level height is between the upper and lower threshold values.

[0080] When the comparison result of step S211 indicates that the current liquid level is higher than the upper limit threshold, the control unit determines that the current liquid level is too high and immediately sends a start command and a corresponding speed control signal to the overflow pump's drive module, causing the overflow pump to start running at the first speed. After the overflow pump starts, it draws liquid working fluid from the liquid phase zone of the vapor-liquid separator through its inlet. After the internal impeller performs work to pressurize the liquid working fluid, the pressurized liquid working fluid is transported from the overflow pump outlet to the inlet of the evaporator plate, where it merges with the liquid working fluid transported by the main pump and enters the evaporator plate together to participate in phase change heat transfer. As the overflow pump continues to run at the first speed, the liquid level in the vapor-liquid separator gradually decreases.

[0081] When the comparison result of step S211 indicates that the current liquid level is lower than the lower threshold, the control unit determines that the current liquid level is too low and immediately sends a stop command to the overflow pump drive module, causing the overflow pump to stop operating. After the overflow pump stops, it no longer draws liquid working fluid from the liquid phase zone of the vapor-liquid separator. At this time, the two-phase flow from the evaporator continues to enter the vapor-liquid separator, and the separated liquid working fluid gradually accumulates at the bottom of the vapor-liquid separator, causing the liquid level to gradually rise.

[0082] When the comparison result of step S211 indicates that the current liquid level is between the upper and lower threshold values, the control unit determines that the current liquid level is within the target liquid level range, and the liquid level of the vapor-liquid separator is in a normal state, requiring no additional adjustment intervention. The control unit does not send any instructions to the overflow pump drive module to change its operating state, keeping the overflow pump in its current operating state; that is, if the overflow pump is currently running, it continues to run; if it is currently stopped, it remains stopped.

[0083] Understandably, this step achieves closed-loop control of the liquid level within the vapor-liquid separator, ensuring that the liquid level is always maintained within the target range that guarantees high vapor-liquid separation efficiency. This ensures the purity of the working fluid output from the gas outlet and prevents the liquid working fluid from entering the condenser and interfering with heat exchange.

[0084] Step S220: Based on the temperature in the data, adjust the speed of the condenser cooling fan; It should be noted that the temperature of the gaseous working fluid refers to the temperature value corresponding to the gaseous working fluid output from the gaseous outlet of the vapor-liquid separator and entering the condenser. This temperature value is acquired by a temperature sensor installed on the pipeline between the gaseous outlet and the condenser inlet. This temperature value reflects the superheated state of the working fluid at the condenser inlet.

[0085] The rotational speed of the condenser cooling fan refers to the number of revolutions the impeller makes per unit time. This speed determines the intensity of forced convection heat transfer in the condenser. A higher rotational speed results in a larger volume of cooling air flowing through the condenser, greater heat dissipation from the condenser, and a lower working fluid temperature at the outlet.

[0086] In this embodiment, the control unit calculates the target rotational speed of the condenser cooling fan according to a preset control logic based on the temperature value of the gaseous working fluid obtained from the temperature sensor. When the temperature of the gaseous working fluid is higher than the preset target temperature range, it indicates that the current heat dissipation capacity of the condenser is insufficient to fully condense the gaseous working fluid into a liquid state. The control unit increases the rotational speed of the condenser cooling fan, increases the cooling airflow through the condenser, enhances the heat dissipation of the condenser, and lowers the working fluid temperature at the outlet to the target range. When the temperature of the gaseous working fluid is lower than the preset target temperature range, the control unit decreases the rotational speed of the condenser cooling fan, reduces the cooling airflow, reduces the heat dissipation of the condenser, and raises the working fluid temperature at the outlet back to the target range. The control unit outputs the calculated target rotational speed to the drive module of the condenser cooling fan in the form of a drive control signal, so that the actual rotational speed of the condenser cooling fan follows the target rotational speed.

[0087] It is understandable that by implementing closed-loop regulation of the condenser's condensation capacity, the heat dissipation of the condenser can be matched with the heat absorbed by the evaporator plate, ensuring that the gaseous working fluid can be fully condensed into a liquid state in the condenser, thereby maintaining the internal heat balance of the system.

[0088] Specifically, the step of adjusting the speed of the condenser cooling fan based on the temperature in the data further includes steps S221~S222: Step S221: Determine the condensing pressure corresponding to the condenser based on the temperature in the data; It should be noted that condensing pressure refers to the saturation pressure of the gaseous working fluid inside the condenser during the condensation process. In the condenser, the gaseous working fluid is in a saturated state during exothermic condensation, and there is a one-to-one functional relationship between its temperature and pressure. Condensing pressure is an important parameter reflecting the operating state of the condenser; its level determines the condensation temperature of the working fluid, thus affecting the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser.

[0089] In this embodiment, after the control unit acquires the temperature value of the gaseous working fluid collected by the temperature sensor, it determines the current condensing pressure of the condenser based on the temperature value. Specifically, the control unit pre-stores a saturation temperature-saturation pressure correspondence table or fitting function for the working fluid. The control unit uses the acquired temperature value as a lookup index to find the saturation pressure value that matches the temperature value in the correspondence table or fitting function, and determines the saturation pressure value as the current condensing pressure of the condenser.

[0090] Understandably, by utilizing the inherent saturation temperature-saturation pressure property relationship of the working fluid, the current condensing pressure can be indirectly calculated from the detected temperature value. This avoids the need to install an additional high-pressure sensor on the condenser, reduces hardware costs, and provides a control target value for adjusting the fan speed based on the condensing pressure in the next step.

[0091] Step S222: Based on the condensation pressure, adjust the speed of the condenser cooling fan.

[0092] In this embodiment, the control unit calculates the target rotational speed of the condenser cooling fan according to the current condensing pressure value determined in step S221 and a preset control logic. When the current condensing pressure is higher than the upper limit of the preset target condensing pressure range, it indicates that the current heat dissipation capacity of the condenser is insufficient to fully condense the incoming gaseous working fluid, resulting in excessive accumulation of gaseous working fluid inside the condenser and causing the pressure to rise. The control unit increases the rotational speed of the condenser cooling fan, increases the cooling airflow through the condenser, enhances the heat dissipation of the condenser, and causes more gaseous working fluid to be condensed into liquid working fluid, thus lowering the condensing pressure to the target range. When the current condensing pressure is lower than the lower limit of the preset target condensing pressure range, it indicates that the condenser's heat dissipation capacity is excessive, and the condensing temperature may be too low, potentially leading to excessive subcooling of the system and affecting system efficiency. The control unit reduces the rotational speed of the condenser cooling fan, reduces the cooling airflow, and reduces the heat dissipation, causing the condensing pressure to rise back to the target range. The control unit outputs the calculated target rotational speed to the drive module of the condenser cooling fan in the form of a drive control signal, causing the actual rotational speed of the condenser cooling fan to follow the target rotational speed.

[0093] Understandably, this step achieves closed-loop control of the condensing pressure inside the condenser. By adjusting the fan speed, the condensing pressure is maintained within a preset target range, so that the condensing temperature matches the current operating conditions. On the one hand, this ensures that the gaseous working fluid can be fully condensed into a liquid state, and on the other hand, it prevents the risk of system overpressure due to excessively high condensing pressure or the risk of system efficiency reduction due to excessively low condensing pressure. This ensures that the pump-driven two-phase cooling equipment can maintain a stable and efficient condensing heat exchange process under various heat load conditions.

[0094] Step S230: Adjust the speed of the main pump based on the system pressure in the data.

[0095] It should be noted that system pressure refers to the pressure value used to characterize the overall system pressure level in the pump-driven two-phase cooling equipment. This pressure value is typically acquired by a pressure sensor installed on the inlet pipe of the main pump. System pressure reflects the saturation temperature of the working fluid and the charge level of the working fluid within the system under current operating conditions.

[0096] The main pump's rotational speed refers to the number of revolutions the impeller or rotor makes per unit time. This speed determines the flow rate and head of the liquid working fluid delivered by the main pump to the evaporator plate. A higher rotational speed results in a greater flow rate of liquid working fluid delivered to the evaporator plate, and consequently, a higher system pressure; conversely, a lower rotational speed results in a smaller flow rate and a lower system pressure.

[0097] In this embodiment, the control unit calculates the target rotational speed of the main pump according to the system pressure value obtained from the pressure sensor and a preset control logic. When the system pressure is higher than the upper limit of the preset target pressure range, it indicates that the internal system pressure is too high and may be approaching or exceeding the system's safe operating pressure boundary. The control unit reduces the rotational speed of the main pump, decreases the flow rate of the liquid working fluid delivered to the evaporator plate, reduces the evaporation rate and system pressure within the evaporator plate, and causes the system pressure to fall back to the target range. When the system pressure is lower than the lower limit of the preset target pressure range, it indicates that the internal system pressure is too low, which may cause the working fluid within the evaporator plate to be unable to maintain a normal phase change temperature, affecting the cooling effect. The control unit increases the rotational speed of the main pump, increases the flow rate of the liquid working fluid delivered to the evaporator plate, increases the evaporation rate and system pressure within the evaporator plate, and causes the system pressure to rise back to the target range. The control unit outputs the calculated target rotational speed to the drive module of the main pump in the form of a drive control signal, so that the actual rotational speed of the main pump follows the target rotational speed.

[0098] Understandably, this step achieves closed-loop control of system pressure, ensuring that the system pressure is always maintained within a safe and efficient target range. On the one hand, it prevents safety risks such as pipe bursts or seal failures caused by excessively high system pressure, and on the other hand, it prevents performance problems such as insufficient evaporation temperature and reduced cooling capacity caused by excessively low system pressure, ensuring that the pump-driven two-phase cooling equipment can operate safely and stably under various operating conditions.

[0099] It should be noted that the above examples are only for understanding this application and do not constitute a limitation on the pump-driven two-phase cooling method of this application. Any simple modifications based on this technical concept are within the protection scope of this application.

[0100] This application also provides a pump-driven two-phase cooling device; please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 3 The pump-driven two-phase cooling device includes: Acquisition module 10 is used to acquire data collected by sensors, including the liquid level height of the vapor-liquid separation device collected by the liquid level switch or liquid level sensor, the temperature of the gaseous working fluid collected by the temperature sensor, and the system pressure collected by the pressure sensor. Adjustment module 20, which is used to adjust the system parameters based on the data.

[0101] The pump-driven two-phase cooling device provided in this application, employing the pump-driven two-phase cooling method described in the above embodiments, can solve the technical problem of pump-driven two-phase cooling. Compared with related technologies, the beneficial effects of the pump-driven two-phase cooling device provided in this application are the same as those of the pump-driven two-phase cooling method provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features in the pump-driven two-phase cooling device are the same as those disclosed in the methods of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0102] The pump-driven two-phase cooling device provided in this application, employing the pump-driven two-phase cooling method described in the above embodiments, can solve the technical problem of pump-driven two-phase cooling. Compared with related technologies, the beneficial effects of the pump-driven two-phase cooling device provided in this application are the same as those of the pump-driven two-phase cooling method provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features of this pump-driven two-phase cooling device are the same as those disclosed in the previous embodiment method, and will not be repeated here.

[0103] It should be understood that the various parts disclosed in this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0104] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0105] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) stored thereon, the computer-readable program instructions being used to execute the pump-driven two-phase cooling method in the above embodiments.

[0106] The computer-readable storage medium provided in this application may be, for example, a USB flash drive, but is not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems or devices, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (Radio Frequency), etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0107] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may be included in the pump-driven two-phase cooling device; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the pump-driven two-phase cooling device.

[0108] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs that, when executed by the pump-driven two-phase cooling device, cause the pump-driven two-phase cooling device to: Acquire data collected by sensors, including the liquid level height of the vapor-liquid separator collected by a liquid level sensor; Based on the data, the system parameters are adjusted, including the rotational speed of the overflow pump, which is adjusted based on the liquid level height.

[0109] Computer program code for performing the operations of this application can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0110] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0111] The modules described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in software or hardware. The names of the modules do not necessarily limit the functionality of the unit itself.

[0112] The readable storage medium provided in this application is a computer-readable storage medium that stores computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) for executing the above-described pump-driven two-phase cooling method, thereby solving the technical problem of pump-driven two-phase cooling. Compared with related technologies, the beneficial effects of the computer-readable storage medium provided in this application are the same as those of the pump-driven two-phase cooling method provided in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0113] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the pump-driven two-phase cooling method as described above.

[0114] The computer program product provided in this application can solve the technical problem of pump-driven two-phase cooling. Compared with related technologies, the beneficial effects of the computer program product provided in this application are the same as those of the pump-driven two-phase cooling method provided in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0115] The above description is only a part of the embodiments of this application and does not limit the scope of protection of this application. All equivalent structural transformations made under the technical concept of this application and using the content of this application specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included in the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A pump-driven two-phase cooling device, characterized in that, The pump-driven two-phase cooling device includes: A pump-driven two-phase circulation loop includes a vapor-liquid separator, an evaporator, a main pump, and a condenser. The vapor-liquid separator includes a liquid outlet and a gas outlet, which are used to separate the two-phase working fluid into a first liquid working fluid and a gaseous working fluid. The condenser, the gas outlet, and the main pump are connected by pipelines. The condenser is used to condense the gaseous working fluid into a second liquid working fluid, and the main pump is used to drive the second liquid working fluid into the evaporator. An overflow branch includes an overflow pump connected to the liquid outlet via a pipe. The overflow pump is used to re-drive the first liquid working fluid into the evaporation cold plate so that the first liquid working fluid can re-participate in phase change heat transfer. The overflow pump is also used to adjust the liquid level in the gas-liquid separator to adjust the gas-liquid separation efficiency.

2. The pump-driven two-phase cooling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pump-driven two-phase cooling device also includes a control unit. The vapor-liquid separation device is equipped with a liquid level sensor. The control unit is electrically connected to a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor, an overflow pump, and a main pump. The control unit is used to acquire data collected by the sensors and adjust the system parameters according to the data. The sensors include the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, and the liquid level sensor.

3. The pump-driven two-phase cooling device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the overflow pump outlet and the main pump outlet are equipped with check valves to prevent backflow of the working fluid. The overflow pump and its outlet check valve are combined to adjust the first hydraulic pressure of the first liquid working fluid flowing into the evaporator plate. The main pump and its outlet check valve are combined to adjust the second hydraulic pressure of the second liquid working fluid flowing into the evaporator plate. The difference between the first hydraulic pressure and the second hydraulic pressure is less than a preset hydraulic pressure difference threshold.

4. A pump-driven two-phase cooling method, characterized in that, Applied to the pump-driven two-phase cooling device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, the pump-driven two-phase cooling method comprises: Acquire data collected by sensors, including the liquid level height of the vapor-liquid separator collected by a liquid level sensor; Based on the data, the system parameters are adjusted, including the rotational speed of the overflow pump, which is adjusted based on the liquid level height.

5. The pump-driven two-phase cooling method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The data also includes the temperature of the gaseous working fluid collected by the temperature sensor and the system pressure collected by the pressure sensor. The parameters also include the main pump speed and the condenser cooling fan speed. The step of adjusting the system parameters based on the data further includes: Based on the liquid level height in the data, adjust the speed of the overflow pump; Based on the temperature data, adjust the speed of the condenser cooling fan; Based on the system pressure in the data, adjust the speed of the main pump.

6. The pump-driven two-phase cooling method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the speed of the overflow pump based on the liquid level height in the data further includes: The liquid level height is compared with the upper and lower threshold values ​​of the preset target liquid level range; When the liquid level is higher than the upper limit threshold, the overflow pump is started and runs at a first speed to pressurize the liquid working fluid in the vapor-liquid separator and deliver it to the inlet of the evaporation plate. When the liquid level is lower than the lower threshold, the overflow pump is stopped. When the liquid level is between the upper limit threshold and the lower limit threshold, the current operating state of the overflow pump remains unchanged.

7. The pump-driven two-phase cooling method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the speed of the condenser cooling fan based on the temperature in the data further includes: Based on the temperature in the data, determine the corresponding condensing pressure of the condenser; Adjust the speed of the condenser cooling fan based on the condensation pressure.

8. A pump-driven two-phase cooling device, characterized in that, The pump-driven two-phase cooling device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire data collected by sensors, including the liquid level height of the vapor-liquid separator collected by the liquid level switch or liquid level sensor, the temperature of the gaseous working fluid collected by the temperature sensor, and the system pressure collected by the pressure sensor. An adjustment module is used to adjust the system parameters based on the data.

9. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program is stored on the storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the pump-driven two-phase cooling method as described in any one of claims 4 to 7.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the pump-driven two-phase cooling method as described in any one of claims 4 to 7.

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