A hydrogen leakage rate monitoring method, device, equipment and medium

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of hydrogen leakage monitoring, and discloses a hydrogen leakage rate monitoring method, device, equipment and medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: collecting real-time hydrogen concentrations, real-time environmental temperatures, real-time environmental humidities and real-time ventilation amounts of each layer of limited space; performing environmental compensation on the real-time hydrogen concentrations by using the real-time environmental temperatures and the real-time environmental humidities to obtain corrected hydrogen concentrations; determining a quasi-stable determination result matched with each layer of limited space based on a ventilation relative change rate corresponding to the real-time ventilation amount and a hydrogen relative change rate corresponding to the corrected hydrogen concentrations; and in response to the quasi-stable determination result representing that the current limited space is in a quasi-stable state, determining a real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current limited space based on the corrected hydrogen concentrations and the real-time ventilation amount corresponding to the current limited space. The technical scheme provided by the application can realize real-time quantitative leakage rate evaluation for continuous trace hydrogen leakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of hydrogen leak monitoring technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment and medium for monitoring hydrogen leak rate. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen energy equipment is undergoing iterative upgrades towards integration and modularization, and is being deployed extensively in multi-layered, confined spaces such as hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, containerized hydrogen-electric systems, and marine hydrogen power cabins. Hydrogen molecules have small diameters and high permeability, making them prone to leakage and accumulation in confined spaces. Reaching the explosive limit can lead to serious safety accidents. Currently, the industry generally uses concentration threshold alarm mechanisms for such scenarios, which only trigger warnings when the leakage concentration exceeds a safe threshold. This approach cannot quantitatively assess the leakage rate of minute leaks during equipment operation, nor can it identify continuous minute leaks at low concentration stages. This has become a common pain point hindering the large-scale promotion of hydrogen energy equipment across the industry.

[0003] Existing publicly available technical solutions all have significant shortcomings: implemented technologies can only locate leaks or qualitatively classify risk levels without quantitatively assessing leak rates. Furthermore, none of them are adapted to the characteristics of multi-layered, nested, and graded ventilation confined spaces, do not consider concentration correlations across multiple spaces, and lack sensor failure tolerance mechanisms. These correspond to three core defects: first, they cannot quantitatively assess the leak rate of trace hydrogen leaks in real time while the equipment is in operation, making it difficult to provide timely warnings of continuous trace leaks that have not triggered concentration threshold alarms; second, they do not match the characteristics of multi-layered confined spaces and lack corresponding quantitative leak rate assessment methods; and third, they lack sensor failure tolerance mechanisms, resulting in insufficient system robustness and difficulty in meeting the long-term continuous operation requirements of hydrogen energy equipment.

[0004] Therefore, how to solve the problem that existing hydrogen energy equipment monitoring technology cannot perform real-time quantitative leakage rate assessment for continuous trace hydrogen leakage in a multi-layered nested confined space is an urgent technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for monitoring hydrogen leakage rate, which solves the technical problem that existing hydrogen energy equipment monitoring technologies cannot perform real-time quantitative leakage rate assessment for continuous trace hydrogen leakage in a multi-layered nested confined space.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted in this application include: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for monitoring hydrogen leakage rate, the method comprising: Real-time hydrogen concentration, real-time ambient temperature, real-time ambient humidity, and real-time ventilation volume are collected for each layer of confined space; wherein, each layer of confined space includes an outermost confined space and multiple parallel inner confined spaces set within the outermost confined space; The real-time ambient temperature and humidity are used to perform environmental compensation on the real-time hydrogen concentration to obtain a corrected hydrogen concentration. Based on the relative change rate of ventilation corresponding to the real-time ventilation volume and the relative change rate of hydrogen corresponding to the corrected hydrogen concentration, a quasi-stability determination result matching the confined space of each layer is determined. In response to the quasi-stability determination result indicating that the current inner confined space is in a quasi-stable state, the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is determined based on the corrected hydrogen concentration and real-time ventilation volume corresponding to the current inner confined space.

[0007] In one embodiment, the step of using the real-time ambient temperature and the real-time ambient humidity to perform environmental compensation on the real-time hydrogen concentration to obtain a corrected hydrogen concentration includes: Based on the real-time ambient temperature and the real-time ambient humidity, a temperature and humidity correction coefficient under the current environmental conditions is obtained. Based on the temperature and humidity correction coefficient, the real-time hydrogen concentration is multiplied to obtain the corrected hydrogen concentration used to characterize the actual hydrogen level in the confined space.

[0008] In one embodiment, determining the quasi-stability determination result matching the confined spaces of each floor based on the relative rate of change of ventilation corresponding to the real-time ventilation volume and the relative rate of change of hydrogen corresponding to the corrected hydrogen concentration includes: Within a preset time window, determine the relative rate of change of ventilation corresponding to the real-time ventilation volume, and determine the relative rate of change of hydrogen corresponding to the corrected hydrogen concentration; If both the relative rate of change of ventilation and the relative rate of change of hydrogen are less than or equal to a preset stability threshold, then a quasi-stability determination result is generated, indicating that the current confined space is in a quasi-steady state. If the relative rate of change of ventilation and / or the relative rate of change of hydrogen are greater than the preset stability threshold, a quasi-stability determination result is generated, indicating that the current confined space is in a non-quasi-steady-state state.

[0009] In one embodiment, determining the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space based on the corrected hydrogen concentration and real-time ventilation volume corresponding to the current inner confined space includes: Obtain the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space to which the current inner confined space belongs, and determine the difference between the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space and the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space. If the real-time ventilation volume is the air intake volume of the current inner confined space, then the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is obtained by dividing the product of the real-time ventilation volume and the difference by the first correction factor; wherein, the first correction factor is obtained by subtracting the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space from a preset constant. If the real-time ventilation volume is the exhaust volume of the current inner confined space, the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is obtained by dividing the product of the real-time ventilation volume and the difference by the second correction factor; wherein, the second correction factor is obtained by subtracting the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space from a preset constant.

[0010] In one embodiment, when the corrected hydrogen concentration or real-time ventilation volume of other inner confined spaces besides the outermost confined space cannot be obtained, the method further includes: In response to the detection of missing data in the inner confined space, the corrected hydrogen concentration and corresponding real-time ventilation volume of the outermost confined space are obtained; If the real-time ventilation volume of the outermost confined space is the intake air volume, then the total hydrogen leakage rate is obtained by dividing the product of the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space and the real-time ventilation volume of the outermost confined space by the second correction factor; wherein, the second correction factor is obtained by subtracting the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space from a preset constant. If the real-time ventilation volume corresponding to the outermost confined space is the exhaust volume, then the product of the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space and the real-time ventilation volume of the outermost confined space is determined as the total hydrogen leakage rate. Based on the data obtained normally, the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of each of the remaining inner confined spaces is determined, and the sum of the known local hydrogen leakage rates is obtained. The estimated real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the inner confined space with missing data is determined by subtracting the sum of the known local hydrogen leakage rates from the total hydrogen leakage rate.

[0011] In one embodiment, the method further includes: The real-time hydrogen leakage rate and the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space are compared with preset safety thresholds. Based on the comparison results, a corresponding risk level is generated, and a corresponding safety response action is triggered according to the risk level.

[0012] In one embodiment, the step of comparing the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space and the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space with preset safety thresholds, and generating a corresponding risk level based on the comparison results, includes: If the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space is less than the first concentration threshold, and the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is less than the first leakage rate threshold, then the risk level of the current inner confined space is a level one safety state. If the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold, or the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is greater than or equal to the first leakage rate threshold, and the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space is less than the second concentration threshold, and the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is less than the second leakage rate threshold, then the current inner confined space is in a level two warning state. If the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space is greater than or equal to the second concentration threshold, or if the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is greater than or equal to the second leakage rate threshold, then the current inner confined space is in a Level 3 emergency state. Wherein, the first concentration threshold is less than the second concentration threshold, and the first leakage rate threshold is less than the second leakage rate threshold.

[0013] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a hydrogen leakage rate monitoring device, the device comprising: The data acquisition unit is used to collect real-time hydrogen concentration, real-time ambient temperature, real-time ambient humidity and real-time ventilation volume corresponding to each layer of confined space; wherein, each layer of confined space includes an outermost confined space and a plurality of parallel inner confined spaces arranged within the outermost confined space; An environmental compensation unit is used to perform environmental compensation on the real-time hydrogen concentration using the real-time ambient temperature and the real-time ambient humidity to obtain a corrected hydrogen concentration. The status judgment unit is used to determine a quasi-stability judgment result that matches the confined space of each floor based on the relative change rate of ventilation corresponding to the real-time ventilation volume and the relative change rate of hydrogen corresponding to the corrected hydrogen concentration. The leakage rate determination unit is used to determine the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space in response to the quasi-stability determination result indicating that the current inner confined space is in a quasi-stable state, based on the corrected hydrogen concentration and real-time ventilation volume corresponding to the current inner confined space.

[0014] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer device, including: The system includes a memory and a processor, which are interconnected. The memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes these computer instructions to perform the hydrogen leakage rate monitoring method described above.

[0015] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, which are used to cause a computer to execute the hydrogen leakage rate monitoring method described above.

[0016] The technical solution provided by one or more embodiments of this application constructs a multi-dimensional underlying data sensing matrix by simultaneously collecting four core parameters—real-time hydrogen concentration, real-time ambient temperature, real-time ambient humidity, and real-time ventilation volume—from each level of the confined space. It then uses real-time ambient temperature and humidity to perform environmental compensation on the real-time hydrogen concentration to obtain a corrected hydrogen concentration, thereby effectively eliminating sensor measurement drift caused by temperature or humidity changes and ensuring that the hydrogen concentration data accurately reflects the mole fraction of hydrogen within the confined space. Furthermore, it extracts the relative change rate of the real-time ventilation volume and the relative change of the corrected hydrogen concentration. As a dual monitoring indicator, the leakage rate determines whether the confined space has entered a quasi-steady state where input and output are basically balanced, effectively avoiding the logical fallacy of calculating the leakage rate during the non-steady-state transition period. Furthermore, only in the quasi-steady state, the real-time hydrogen leakage rate is determined by coupled calculation based on the corrected hydrogen concentration and real-time ventilation volume, eliminating noise interference caused by transient airflow changes at the source. By setting up data missing fault-tolerant calculation logic, excellent fault tolerance capability is achieved: when data of a single confined space other than the outermost layer is missing, its hydrogen leakage rate can still be estimated; when data of multiple confined spaces other than the outermost layer is missing, their total hydrogen leakage rate can be estimated. This enables accurate capture and reliable quantitative assessment of minor hydrogen leakage anomalies under complex and variable operating conditions, significantly improving the robustness and scientific rigor of the entire safety monitoring system in dynamic environments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart of a hydrogen leakage rate monitoring method provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 A flowchart of step S3 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 A flowchart of step S5 provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A flowchart of step S7 provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5A flowchart provided for embodiments of this application when the corrected hydrogen concentration or real-time ventilation volume of other parts of the inner confined space besides the outermost confined space cannot be obtained; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen-powered truck garage provided in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a ship's hydrogen-powered propulsion compartment provided in Embodiment 2 of this application; Figure 8 A block diagram of a hydrogen leakage rate monitoring device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures Figure 6 1-Garage fan and ventilation flow meter, 2-Garage hydrogen sensor, 3-Garage temperature and humidity sensor, 4-Hydrogen cylinder group for hydrogen truck, 5-Hydrogen cylinder box for hydrogen truck, 6-Cylinder box hydrogen sensor, 7-Cylinder box temperature and humidity sensor, 8-Cylinder box fan and ventilation flow meter. Figure 7 1-Hydrogen cylinder group, 2-Hydrogen cylinder box fan and ventilation flow meter, 3-Hydrogen cylinder box, 4-Hydrogen cylinder box hydrogen sensor, 5-Hydrogen cylinder box temperature and humidity sensor, 6-Fuel cell box hydrogen sensor, 7-Fuel cell box temperature and humidity sensor, 8-Fuel cell box fan and ventilation flow meter, 9-Fuel cell box, 10-Power compartment fan and ventilation flow meter, 11-Power compartment hydrogen sensor, 12-Power compartment temperature and humidity sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] As hydrogen energy equipment iterates and upgrades towards integration and modularization, it is widely deployed in multi-layered, confined spaces such as hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, containerized hydrogen-electric systems, and marine hydrogen power cabins. The small diameter and high permeability of hydrogen molecules make them prone to leakage and rapid accumulation within these confined spaces, potentially leading to serious safety accidents once the explosive limit is reached. Currently, the industry commonly uses concentration threshold alarm mechanisms for hydrogen leakage monitoring in these scenarios. These mechanisms only trigger warnings when the leakage concentration exceeds a safe threshold. They cannot quantitatively assess the leakage rate of minute leaks during equipment operation, nor can they identify continuous minute leaks within multi-layered confined spaces at low concentration levels. This has become a common pain point hindering the large-scale promotion of hydrogen energy equipment across the industry.

[0022] Existing publicly available technical solutions reveal significant shortcomings in the hydrogen leak monitoring technologies that have been implemented: Some solutions, which locate leaks by integrating equipment operating parameters and hydrogen concentration data, can only determine the leak location but cannot quantitatively calculate the leak rate or continuously assess minute leaks; others employ tiered early warning systems that assess leak risk based on multi-area concentration monitoring, air velocity, and sound signals, but can only qualitatively classify risk levels based on environmental signals and link them to ventilation, without establishing a leak rate calculation model, making quantitative monitoring of the leak rate impossible; still others use risk tiered early warning systems that integrate gas monitoring and video recognition, but lack dedicated algorithms for minute hydrogen leaks and the ability to calculate leak rates and handle concentration coupling in multi-layered spaces; even sensor array localization solutions that can identify early minute leaks can only project the leak point, without calculating the leak rate or considering concentration coupling in multi-layered ventilation spaces and sensor fault tolerance. These shortcomings expose three core defects in the current technology system: First, most existing monitoring systems only focus on concentration thresholds or leak location, failing to quantitatively assess the leakage rate of trace hydrogen in real time while the equipment is in operation, making it difficult to provide timely warnings of continuous trace leaks that will not immediately trigger threshold alarms; second, none of the existing solutions are adapted to the characteristics of confined spaces with multi-layered nesting and graded ventilation, failing to consider the concentration correlation between inner and outer spaces, and lacking corresponding leakage rate assessment methods; third, existing systems lack fault tolerance mechanisms for sensor failure scenarios, meaning that a single sensor failure may affect the overall monitoring effect, resulting in insufficient system robustness and difficulty in meeting the practical needs of long-term continuous operation of hydrogen energy equipment.

[0023] In summary, the urgent technical problem to be solved is how to address the inability of existing hydrogen energy equipment monitoring technologies to perform real-time quantitative leak rate assessment for continuous trace hydrogen leaks within multi-layered, confined spaces.

[0024] According to an embodiment of this application, a method for monitoring hydrogen leakage rate is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0025] This embodiment provides a method for monitoring hydrogen leakage rate. Figure 1 A flowchart of a hydrogen leakage rate monitoring method provided in this application embodiment is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S1: Collect real-time hydrogen concentration, real-time ambient temperature, real-time ambient humidity, and real-time ventilation volume for each layer of confined space; wherein, each layer of confined space includes an outermost confined space and multiple parallel inner confined spaces set within the outermost confined space.

[0026] Specifically, a multi-dimensional underlying data sensing matrix was constructed by simultaneously collecting four core parameters—real-time hydrogen concentration, real-time ambient temperature, real-time ambient humidity, and real-time ventilation volume—from each level of the confined space. Real-time hydrogen concentration provides a direct foundational variable for subsequent leakage rate calculations and risk classification. The introduction of real-time ambient temperature and humidity aims to physically compensate and correct the raw hydrogen sensor data, effectively eliminating measurement drift caused by temperature or humidity changes and thus reducing errors in hydrogen concentration data. Simultaneously, the dynamic capture of real-time ventilation volume allows for precise understanding of the mass flow boundary conditions of the gas within the space. The deep integration and synergistic interaction of these four parameters enables the system to keenly detect minute anomalies and trigger precise responses under complex and variable operating conditions.

[0027] Step S3: Use real-time ambient temperature and humidity to perform environmental compensation on the real-time hydrogen concentration to obtain the corrected hydrogen concentration.

[0028] Specifically, hydrogen sensors are highly susceptible to baseline drift or sensitivity changes due to fluctuations in temperature and humidity during actual operation (e.g., changes in reaction rate caused by temperature variations, or adsorption of water molecules onto the sensing element in high humidity environments). Therefore, hydrogen concentration calculations directly using the raw signal often have significant errors. To address this, a built-in multivariate regression model or intelligent decoupling algorithm is used, incorporating temperature and humidity as key compensation terms in the calculation to correct the sensor's nonlinearity. This environmental compensation mechanism not only effectively filters out interference from environmental background variables but also ensures that the output corrected hydrogen concentration accurately and objectively reflects the mole fraction of hydrogen within the confined space. This provides a solid and reliable data foundation for subsequent high-precision quantitative calculation of leakage rates and multi-level safety early warning systems.

[0029] Step S5: Based on the relative change rate of ventilation corresponding to the real-time ventilation volume and the relative change rate of hydrogen corresponding to the corrected hydrogen concentration, determine the quasi-stability judgment result that matches the confined space of each floor.

[0030] Specifically, in actual confined space operation, the start-up, shutdown, or adjustment of the ventilation system often leads to drastic and transient changes in the airflow field. Directly calculating the leakage rate at this time is highly susceptible to significant estimation errors due to the failure to reach physical equilibrium. Therefore, this solution innovatively extracts the relative change rate of real-time ventilation volume and the relative change rate of corrected hydrogen concentration as dual monitoring indicators: the former quantifies the fluctuation amplitude of external forced convection conditions, while the latter reflects the dynamic response trend of internal gas accumulation or discharge. When the relative change rates of both converge to a preset small threshold range, it can be mathematically and physically confirmed that the confined space has crossed the initial transient stage and entered a quasi-steady state with basic input-output balance. This rigorous quasi-steady-state determination not only effectively avoids the logical fallacy of calculating the leakage rate during the non-steady-state transition period but also provides a necessary and reliable boundary condition for the subsequent accurate application of back-calculation algorithms based on mass conservation, thereby significantly improving the scientific rigor of leakage rate monitoring in complex dynamic environments.

[0031] Step S7: In response to the quasi-stability determination result indicating that the current inner confined space is in a quasi-stable state, the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is determined based on the corrected hydrogen concentration and real-time ventilation volume corresponding to the current inner confined space.

[0032] Specifically, in complex confined spaces, the diffusion, mixing, and exhaust of gases is a dynamic evolutionary process. Blindly applying the law of conservation of mass before equilibrium is reached will inevitably lead to serious distortion in leakage rate assessment. Therefore, the quasi-steady-state determination result is strictly used as the condition for initiating quantitative leakage rate calculation: leakage rate measurement will only be initiated when it is confirmed that the current ventilation input and hydrogen accumulation output of the space have reached dynamic equilibrium (i.e., the initial transient phase has been crossed). At this time, the corrected hydrogen concentration and real-time ventilation volume under quasi-steady-state conditions are directly extracted for calculation. This not only eliminates the noise interference caused by transient airflow changes at the source, but also ensures that the obtained real-time hydrogen leakage rate can accurately reflect the actual trace hydrogen leakage state of the space under the current operating conditions, thus providing reliable data support for subsequent fault-tolerant back-calculation and risk classification early warning.

[0033] This embodiment provides a hydrogen leakage rate monitoring method. It constructs a multi-dimensional underlying data sensing matrix by simultaneously collecting four core parameters from each level of the confined space: real-time hydrogen concentration, real-time ambient temperature, real-time ambient humidity, and real-time ventilation volume. The real-time hydrogen concentration is compensated for using real-time ambient temperature and humidity to obtain a corrected hydrogen concentration, effectively eliminating sensor measurement drift caused by temperature or humidity changes and ensuring that the hydrogen concentration data accurately reflects the mole fraction of hydrogen within the confined space. Furthermore, by extracting the relative change rate of real-time ventilation volume and the relative change rate of corrected hydrogen concentration as dual monitoring indicators, it determines whether the confined space has entered a quasi-steady state where input and output are basically balanced, effectively avoiding the logical fallacy of calculating leakage rate in a non-quasi-steady state. Finally, only in a quasi-steady state is the real-time hydrogen leakage rate determined based on the corrected hydrogen concentration and real-time ventilation volume, eliminating noise interference caused by transient airflow changes at the source. This achieves accurate detection and reliable quantitative assessment of minute hydrogen leaks under complex and variable operating conditions.

[0034] Figure 2 The flowchart for step S3 provided in the embodiments of this application may include the following steps: Step S31: Based on the real-time ambient temperature and humidity, obtain the temperature and humidity correction coefficient under the current environmental conditions.

[0035] Specifically, based on the real-time ambient temperature T corresponding to each layer of the confined space collected... i and real-time ambient humidity (RH) i The temperature and humidity correction coefficients α(T) of each confined space under the current environmental conditions were obtained by matching them. i ,RH i This correction factor is used to characterize the proportion of deviation between sensor measurements and the actual physical concentration in each confined space under a specific combination of temperature and humidity.

[0036] Step S33: Based on the temperature and humidity correction coefficient, perform a product operation on the real-time hydrogen concentration to obtain the corrected hydrogen concentration used to characterize the actual hydrogen level in the confined space.

[0037] Specifically, based on the obtained temperature and humidity correction coefficients, the real-time hydrogen concentrations of each confined space are multiplied to obtain the corrected hydrogen concentration used to characterize the true hydrogen level in each confined space. The specific correction calculation formula is as follows: Where i represents the number of the confined space; C i The real-time hydrogen concentration is directly measured and output by the hydrogen sensor in the i-th confined space; T iRH represents the real-time ambient temperature within the i-th confined space. i α(T) represents the real-time ambient humidity within the i-th confined space. i ,RH i ) is the temperature and humidity correction coefficient with the i-th temperature and humidity as independent variables; This is the corrected hydrogen concentration, reflecting the true level of the i-th confined space after temperature and humidity correction.

[0038] It should be noted that the temperature and humidity correction coefficient α(T) i ,RH i The method for obtaining T is as follows: In this embodiment, it is obtained through pre-conducted calibration experiments. In actual engineering applications, it is only necessary to read the current T of each confined space. i and RH i This allows for the rapid and accurate calculation of the temperature and humidity correction coefficient α for each confined space by looking up a table or substituting it into a function model.

[0039] Through the aforementioned global temperature and humidity compensation mechanism, this embodiment effectively overcomes the problems of sensor baseline drift and sensitivity changes caused by factors such as reaction rate changes or water vapor adsorption. This ensures the accuracy of hydrogen concentration data in each confined space, which is relied upon for subsequent quasi-steady state determination and leak rate quantitative calculation, thereby reducing false alarms or missed alarms caused by environmental interference from the source.

[0040] This embodiment rapidly matches corresponding temperature and humidity correction coefficients based on the real-time ambient temperature and humidity of each confined space, and then performs product correction on the real-time hydrogen concentration to obtain the corrected hydrogen concentration. This effectively overcomes the problems of sensor baseline drift and sensitivity changes caused by factors such as reaction rate variations or water vapor adsorption, reducing errors in hydrogen concentration data for each confined space. This avoids false alarms or missed alarms caused by environmental temperature and humidity interference at the source, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent quasi-steady-state determination and quantitative leakage rate calculation.

[0041] Figure 3 The flowchart for step S5 provided in the embodiments of this application may include the following steps: Step S51: Within a preset time window, determine the relative change rate of ventilation corresponding to the real-time ventilation volume, and determine the relative change rate of hydrogen corresponding to the corrected hydrogen concentration.

[0042] Specifically, within a preset time window [t-Δt,t] (preferably Δt=3min in this embodiment), the real-time ventilation volume data sequence Q of the i-th confined space is continuously collected at a high-frequency sampling rate (e.g., 1Hz). ai ={q a1 ,q a2 ,...,q an} and corrected hydrogen concentration data sequence .

[0043] To quantify the dispersion of the data, we first calculate the mean and standard deviation of the two sequences mentioned above, thus obtaining the standard deviation of the real-time ventilation volume of the i-th confined space within a preset time window. The standard deviation of the corrected hydrogen concentration in the i-th confined space within a preset time window. The average real-time ventilation volume of the i-th confined space within a preset time window. The average value of the corrected hydrogen concentration in the i-th confined space within a preset time window. .

[0044] In this embodiment, the relative rate of change is mathematically represented as the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean, i.e., the coefficient of variation. This indicator eliminates the influence of dimensions and can objectively reflect the relative fluctuation range of ventilation volume and hydrogen concentration.

[0045] Step S53: If the relative change rate of ventilation and the relative change rate of hydrogen are both less than or equal to the preset stability threshold, a quasi-stability determination result is generated to indicate that the current confined space is in a quasi-steady state.

[0046] Specifically, the following dual constraint condition is met: both the relative rate of change of ventilation and the relative rate of change of hydrogen are less than or equal to a preset stability threshold (preferably 5%): The confined space is determined to be in a quasi-steady state. At this point, the ventilation system is considered to be operating smoothly, and the hydrogen concentration is not disturbed by sudden external airflow, satisfying the application conditions of the law of conservation of mass under steady state, allowing the subsequent leakage rate calculation step to proceed.

[0047] Step S55: If the relative change rate of ventilation and / or the relative change rate of hydrogen are greater than the preset stability threshold, a quasi-stability determination result is generated to characterize that the current confined space is in a non-quasi-steady state.

[0048] Specifically, if any of the above conditions are not met (i.e., the ventilation volume fluctuates too much or the concentration changes abnormally), it is determined to be a quasi-steady state.

[0049] It should be noted that the aforementioned preset time window and preset stability threshold can be adjusted according to the limited space volume, ventilation method, sensor response time, and engineering safety requirements.

[0050] This embodiment calculates the relative change rate of ventilation and the relative change rate of hydrogen within a preset time window, and sets dual constraints: when both the relative change rate of ventilation and the relative change rate of hydrogen are less than or equal to a preset stability threshold, the confined space is determined to be in a quasi-steady state; otherwise, it is determined to be in a non-quasi-steady state. Using the relative change rate index eliminates the dimensional difference between ventilation volume and hydrogen concentration, objectively and quantitatively reflecting their relative fluctuations. Simultaneously, by introducing dual steady-state constraints on ventilation volume and hydrogen concentration, abnormal concentration jumps caused by fluctuations in ventilation system operation or sudden external airflow interference are effectively filtered out. This ensures that subsequent leak rate calculation steps are only allowed when the ventilation system is operating smoothly and the hydrogen concentration is not disturbed by external factors. This strictly guarantees the applicability of the law of conservation of mass under the steady-state assumption, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of leak rate detection for trace hydrogen leaks and avoiding systematic errors caused by leak rate calculations under non-steady-state conditions.

[0051] Figure 4 The flowchart for step S7 provided in the embodiments of this application may include the following steps: Step S71: Obtain the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space to which the current inner confined space belongs, and determine the difference between the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space and the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space.

[0052] Specifically, obtain the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space to which the current inner confined space belongs (denoted as the nth confined space, usually the space directly connected to the atmosphere or serving as a reference environment). And the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space i. Then, the concentration difference ΔC between the two was calculated. - This difference characterizes the net increase in hydrogen concentration accumulated within the inner confined space i due to the leakage source.

[0053] Step S73: If the real-time ventilation volume is the air intake volume of the current inner confined space, then the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is obtained by dividing the product of the real-time ventilation volume and the difference by the first correction factor; wherein, the first correction factor is obtained by subtracting the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space from the preset constant.

[0054] Specifically, if the real-time ventilation volume Q ai The current air intake of the inner confined space i (e.g., a ventilation flow sensor is installed at the air inlet). In this scenario, the real-time hydrogen leakage rate Q is... gi The calculation follows the following logic: denominator It is the first correction factor.

[0055] Step S75: If the real-time ventilation volume is the exhaust volume of the current inner confined space, the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is obtained by dividing the product of the real-time ventilation volume and the difference by the second correction factor; wherein, the second correction factor is obtained by subtracting the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space from the preset constant.

[0056] Specifically, if the real-time ventilation volume Q ai The exhaust volume of the current inner confined space i (e.g., a ventilation flow sensor is installed at the exhaust vent). In this scenario, the real-time hydrogen leakage rate Q is... gi The calculation follows the following logic: Among them, the denominator term This is the second correction factor.

[0057] This embodiment characterizes the net hydrogen concentration increment caused by the leak source by acquiring the corrected hydrogen concentration difference between the current inner confined space and the outermost confined space. Different correction factors are applied to calculate the real-time hydrogen leakage rate based on the different installation locations of the ventilation volume sensor (inlet or outlet). By introducing a net increment calculation method based on concentration difference, interference from the ambient background hydrogen concentration is effectively eliminated, and the hydrogen concentration signal independently contributed by the leak source is accurately extracted. Simultaneously, by distinguishing between inlet and outlet conditions and configuring corresponding correction factors, the physical accuracy and engineering applicability of the leakage rate calculation are ensured across various ventilation configurations and concentration ranges, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of quantitative hydrogen leakage detection.

[0058] Figure 5 A flowchart provided for embodiments of this application is provided when the corrected hydrogen concentration or real-time ventilation volume of the inner confined spaces other than the outermost confined space cannot be obtained. The flowchart may include the following steps: Step S91: In response to the detection of missing data in the inner confined space, obtain the corrected hydrogen concentration and the corresponding real-time ventilation volume of the outermost confined space.

[0059] Specifically, in actual engineering operations, due to sensor malfunctions, communication link interruptions, or maintenance, it may be impossible to obtain monitoring data for some non-outermost confined spaces, i.e., inner confined spaces. Therefore, when data loss in non-outermost confined spaces is detected, the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space (denoted as the nth confined space), which serves as the boundary, is obtained. and the corresponding real-time ventilation volume .

[0060] Step S93: If the real-time ventilation volume of the outermost confined space is the air intake volume, the total hydrogen leakage rate is obtained by dividing the product of the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space and the real-time ventilation volume of the outermost confined space by the second correction factor; wherein, the second correction factor is obtained by subtracting the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space from the preset constant.

[0061] Specifically, if the real-time ventilation volume Q an The air intake volume for the outermost confined space is calculated using the following formula: denominator This is the second correction factor, the air intake Q of the outermost confined space. an Divide by the second correction factor to obtain the exhaust volume of the outermost confined space. The total hydrogen leakage rate resulting from all internal confined space leakage sources.

[0062] Step S95: If the real-time ventilation volume corresponding to the outermost confined space is the exhaust volume, then the product of the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space and the real-time ventilation volume of the outermost confined space is determined as the total hydrogen leakage rate.

[0063] Specifically, if the real-time ventilation volume Q an To determine the exhaust volume of the outermost confined space, the product of the two is directly used to determine the total hydrogen leakage rate: When the outermost exhaust volume is used as the benchmark, the total volumetric flow rate of the mixed gas at the exhaust port is... The volumetric flow rate of hydrogen contained therein is... Under steady-state conditions, this discharge rate is equal to the total release from all internal leakage sources, therefore no additional correction factor is needed.

[0064] Step S97: Based on the data obtained normally, determine the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of each of the remaining inner confined spaces, and obtain the sum of the known local hydrogen leakage rates.

[0065] Specifically, after calculating the total hydrogen leakage rate Then, using the monitoring data from the remaining inner confined spaces where data was normally acquired (assuming there are m-1 spaces with normal data), the real-time hydrogen leakage rate Q of each space was calculated. gi Then, a summation operation is performed to obtain the total known local hydrogen leakage rate. .

[0066] Step S99: Subtract the sum of known local hydrogen leakage rates from the total hydrogen leakage rate to determine the estimated real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the inner confined space where data is missing.

[0067] Specifically, based on the principle of overall mass conservation, the total hydrogen leakage rate must be equal to the algebraic sum of the leakage rates of each local space. Therefore, by calculating the difference, the estimated real-time hydrogen leakage rate Q of the inner confined space where data is missing can be derived. g1 : It should be noted that when multiple non-outermost confined spaces experience simultaneous data loss, the calculated estimated real-time hydrogen leakage rate Q will be affected. g1 In reality, it's the sum of the total leakage rates of these inner confined spaces with missing data, not the hydrogen leakage rate of each individual inner confined space with missing data. To know the individual leakage rate of each inner confined space with missing data (i.e., to break down the total leakage rate into each specific space), additional information or conditions are required, which will not be elaborated here.

[0068] This embodiment, in response to data loss in the inner confined space, obtains the corrected hydrogen concentration and real-time ventilation volume of the outermost confined space. It then calculates the total hydrogen leakage rate based on the different operating conditions of the ventilation volume sensor being located at the air inlet or outlet. Subsequently, based on the data obtained from the remaining inner confined spaces, the real-time hydrogen leakage rate is calculated for each space, and these are summed to obtain the total known local leakage rate. Finally, the difference between the total hydrogen leakage rate and the sum of the known local leakage rates is used to inversely deduce the estimated real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the inner confined space with missing data. This effectively solves the problem of missing data in some inner confined spaces due to sensor failure, communication link interruption, or maintenance, avoiding the risk of entire monitoring failure caused by a single point of data loss. Simultaneously, by differentiating between air inlet and exhaust operating conditions and configuring corresponding correction strategies, the physical accuracy of the total leakage rate calculation under different ventilation configurations is ensured. Furthermore, based on the principle of overall mass conservation, a reasonable estimation of the leakage rate of the missing data space is achieved through a difference method. Thus, while ensuring monitoring continuity and system robustness, the integrity and reliability of the quantitative assessment of hydrogen leakage are maintained.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment, the method further includes: comparing the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space and the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space with preset safety thresholds, generating a corresponding risk level based on the comparison results, and triggering a corresponding safety response action based on the risk level.

[0070] If the current corrected hydrogen concentration in the inner confined space is less than the first concentration threshold, and the current real-time hydrogen leakage rate in the inner confined space is less than the first leakage rate threshold, then the current risk level of the inner confined space is Level 1 safe state. If the current corrected hydrogen concentration in the inner confined space is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold, or the current real-time hydrogen leakage rate in the inner confined space is greater than or equal to the first leakage rate threshold, and the current corrected hydrogen concentration in the inner confined space is less than the second concentration threshold, and the current real-time hydrogen leakage rate in the inner confined space is less than the second leakage rate threshold, then the current inner confined space is in a level two warning state. If the current corrected hydrogen concentration in the inner confined space is greater than or equal to the second concentration threshold, or if the current real-time hydrogen leakage rate in the inner confined space is greater than or equal to the second leakage rate threshold, then the current inner confined space is in a Level 3 emergency state. Among them, the first concentration threshold is less than the second concentration threshold, and the first leakage rate threshold is less than the second leakage rate threshold.

[0071] Specifically, to ensure the operational safety of confined spaces (such as fuel cell compartments and hydrogen storage tanks), this embodiment, after acquiring the real-time hydrogen leakage rate and corrected hydrogen concentration of each confined space, executes multi-dimensional safety assessment and linkage control logic. In this embodiment, preset safety thresholds include a first concentration threshold, a second concentration threshold, a first leakage rate threshold, and a second leakage rate threshold. The first concentration threshold is strictly lower than the second concentration threshold, and the first leakage rate threshold is strictly lower than the second leakage rate threshold. Specific values ​​can be flexibly set according to applicable national / industry safety standards, equipment design limits, manufacturer-defined values, or user-defined safety strategies. For example, in practical applications, the percentage of the lower flammability limit (LFL) is often used as the benchmark for the concentration threshold.

[0072] The calculated real-time hydrogen leakage rate and corresponding corrected hydrogen concentration for each confined space were compared with the aforementioned preset thresholds. Since fuel cells and hydrogen storage tanks are typically located in different spaces, the leakage rate calculated for each independent space was considered the specific leakage rate for that component. Based on the combined comparison results, the risk status was divided into three levels, with the specific judgment logic shown in the table below: It should be noted that if the hydrogen concentration reaches the preset threshold but the relative change rate of ventilation or the relative change rate of hydrogen has not yet met the stability condition, the risk-response action corresponding to the preset concentration threshold will be executed first.

[0073] This embodiment constructs a risk assessment system that couples concentration and leakage rate in two dimensions by comparing the real-time hydrogen leakage rate and corrected hydrogen concentration in each confined space with preset multi-level safety thresholds. Based on the comparison results, the risk status is divided into three levels: Level 1 safety status, Level 2 warning status, and Level 3 emergency status, thereby triggering corresponding safety response actions. By introducing dual criteria of concentration and leakage rate instead of a single indicator, the system effectively overcomes the response lag that may result from relying solely on concentration thresholds or the false alarms that may occur from relying solely on leakage rate thresholds. This achieves early and accurate identification and graded control of hydrogen leakage risks. At the same time, the three-level progressive risk classification and the corresponding differentiated response actions (from continuous monitoring to alarm activation, increased ventilation, emergency ventilation, and emergency shutdown) avoid frequent system start-ups and shutdowns caused by over-response and ensure that the highest level of safety protection measures can be triggered in a timely manner when the danger escalates. Thus, while ensuring the safe operation of confined spaces such as fuel cell modules and hydrogen storage tanks, the system significantly improves the precision of safety management and the targeting of emergency response.

[0074] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with specific application scenarios.

[0075] Example 1: Micro-leakage monitoring and fault-tolerant early warning based on hydrogen fuel cell truck garage This embodiment uses a hydrogen-powered truck garage as an example. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the operation logic of the hydrogen-powered truck garage provided in Embodiment 1 of this application. The garage, as a single confined space, houses a hydrogen-powered truck. The truck's eight 410L hydrogen storage cylinders are enclosed within a separate confined space (i.e., a cylinder tank). In this embodiment, the separate space enclosing the hydrogen storage cylinders is defined as the inner confined space 1 (i.e., the inner layer), and the entire garage space containing this inner layer is defined as the outermost confined space.

[0076] 1. Risk classification assessment under normal operating conditions Real-time parameters of each confined space are acquired synchronously. The real-time ventilation volume (intake volume) Q of the outermost confined space is measured. a2 100m 3 / h, Real-time ventilation volume (air intake) of the inner confined space 1 Q a1 30m 3 / h. Corrected hydrogen concentration in the outermost confined space after environmental factor compensation. The corrected hydrogen concentration in the inner confined space 1 is 98 ppm. The value was 426 ppm. All sensor data remained stable within 3 minutes, confirming that the confined space was in a quasi-steady state.

[0077] The real-time hydrogen leakage rate Q of the inner confined space 1 is calculated using the formula.g =30m 3 / h×(426ppm-98ppm) / (1-426ppm)=9.84L / h According to the relevant national standards (GB / T 35544-2017 and GB / T 42612-2023) regarding the leakage rate limits for on-board hydrogen storage cylinders, the hydrogen leakage rate of this hydrogen-powered truck under the current operating conditions (15±5℃) must not exceed 6 ml / L / h, and the upper limit of the allowable leakage rate Q g_upl The rate is 19.68 L / h. At this point, the first leakage rate threshold (set to 10%Q) is... g_upl (i.e., 1.968 L / h) is less than the real-time hydrogen leakage rate Q. g And Q g Less than the second leakage rate threshold (i.e., 100%Q) g_upl Therefore, the inner confined space 1 was determined to be in a level two warning state, which triggered a system alarm and automatically increased the ventilation volume.

[0078] Comparative analysis shows that if only the alarm threshold commonly used in traditional standards (such as 0.4% volume ratio) is relied upon, 426ppm will be misjudged as safe because it is far below this threshold; however, this application has successfully achieved accurate early warning of trace leaks by introducing dynamic leak rate assessment.

[0079] 2. Fault-tolerant reverse-engineering mechanism in case of sensor failure When a communication interruption or sensor malfunction occurs, preventing the acquisition of real-time ventilation volume and corrected hydrogen concentration in the inner confined space 1, the data loss fault-tolerant calculation logic is activated. The calculation is performed directly using the boundary data of the outermost confined space. This is based on the real-time ventilation volume Q of the outermost space. a2 =100m 3 / h and corrected hydrogen concentration =98ppm, the calculated total hydrogen leakage rate is... =100m 3 / h×98ppm / (1-98ppm)=9.8L / h. Since there is only one inner confined space in this embodiment, the total hydrogen leakage rate is the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of that space. After comparison, 9.8L / h still falls between the first leakage rate threshold and the second leakage rate threshold, and can still accurately maintain the level two warning state and execute the corresponding safety response actions, ensuring that the safety protection does not degrade under extreme working conditions.

[0080] The monitoring data and risk level analysis of the hydrogen fuel cell truck garage are shown in the table below. The hydrogen concentration in the garage and the hydrogen fuel cell truck cylinder tank are far below the commonly used alarm thresholds of 0.4% and 1% in the existing standards. Traditional methods would judge the system to be safe at this time, but this method detected that the leakage rate of the hydrogen fuel cell truck cylinder group has exceeded the level 2 warning threshold, triggering the system's level 2 warning, activating the alarm, increasing the ventilation volume, and realizing the early warning of trace hydrogen leakage in the truck cylinder tank. Example 2: Multi-layer confined space monitoring and fault tolerance based on ship powerhouse This embodiment uses a ship's hydrogen-powered propulsion compartment as an example. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a ship's hydrogen power compartment provided in Embodiment 2 of this application, illustrating the application of this application in multiple devices and multiple inner confined spaces. The power compartment, as the outermost confined space, contains two independent inner confined spaces: inner confined space 1 (gas cylinder box) with built-in hydrogen storage cylinders and inner confined space 2 (fuel cell box) with built-in fuel cell equipment.

[0081] 1. Multi-space parallel monitoring and emergency response Under normal operating conditions, the real-time ventilation volume (intake volume) Q of the outermost confined space is measured. a3 300m 3 / h, Real-time ventilation volume (air intake) of the inner confined space 1 Q a1 100m 3 / h, Real-time ventilation volume (air intake) of the inner confined space 2, Q a2 60m 3 / h. The corrected hydrogen concentrations after environmental compensation are as follows: outermost confined space =195ppm, inner confined space 1 =719ppm, inner confined space 2 =295ppm.

[0082] Calculate the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of each inner confined space, and obtain the real-time hydrogen leakage rate Q of inner confined space 1. g1 =52.4 L / h, the real-time hydrogen leakage rate Q in the inner confined space 2 g2 =6L / h.

[0083] The calculation results were compared with their respective safety thresholds: the real-time hydrogen leakage rate Q of the inner confined space 1. g1 Greater than its corresponding second leakage rate threshold (100%Q) g1_upl =39.4L / h); Real-time hydrogen leakage rate Q in the inner confined space 2 g2 Given its first leakage rate threshold (10%Q) g2_upl=1.0L / h) and the second leakage rate threshold (100%Q) g2_upl =10L / h). Based on the logic that triggering an escalation when any space reaches the second concentration / leakage rate threshold, the overall risk level is determined to be a Level 3 emergency state. Immediately activate audible and visual alarms, accident-level forced ventilation, and emergency shutdown protection, prioritizing the cutting off of high-risk sources.

[0084] 2. Backward verification for missing single-point data not at the outermost layer When a sensor in the inner confined space 2 (fuel cell box) malfunctions, resulting in data loss, the total hydrogen leakage rate Q is first calculated using the outermost boundary data. gtol =195ppm×300m 3 / h / (1-195ppm)≈58.5L / h, then, using the data from the still normal inner confined space 1, the known local leakage rate Q was calculated. g1 =52.4 L / h. Finally, based on the law of conservation of mass, the estimated real-time hydrogen leakage rate Q of the inner confined space 2, where data is missing, is deduced. g2 =Q gtol -Q g1 =58.5-52.4=6.1L / h. The calculated 6.1L / h is highly consistent with the 6L / h under normal operating conditions. Furthermore, considering the over-limit state of the inner confined space 1, it can still accurately trigger the Level 3 emergency state. This proves that the method of this application can still accurately estimate the leakage rate of the corresponding space when monitoring data of a single confined space other than the outermost layer is missing, effectively avoiding the risk of missed detection due to local blind spots.

[0085] The monitoring data and risk level analysis of the ship's hydrogen power compartment are shown in the table below. The hydrogen concentrations in the power compartment, cylinder tank, and fuel cell tank are all far below the commonly used alarm thresholds of 0.4% and 1% in existing standards. Traditional methods rely solely on hydrogen concentration to assess risk, failing to promptly and correctly identify excessive leakage rates in the hydrogen cylinder group, resulting in missed alarms. In contrast, this embodiment assesses the risk level by combining hydrogen concentration and leakage rate. It determines that the ship's hydrogen cylinder group leakage rate has exceeded the standard threshold, triggering a level three emergency state in the system. This activates audible and visual alarms, system alarms, emergency ventilation, and emergency shutdown, promptly identifying the risk of excessive leakage rates in the power compartment's cylinder group. Accordingly, please refer to Figure 8 A block diagram of a hydrogen leakage rate monitoring device provided in this application embodiment, the device comprising: The data acquisition unit 101 is used to collect real-time hydrogen concentration, real-time ambient temperature, real-time ambient humidity and real-time ventilation volume corresponding to each layer of confined space; wherein, each layer of confined space includes an outermost confined space and multiple parallel inner confined spaces set in the outermost confined space; The environmental compensation unit 103 is used to perform environmental compensation on the real-time hydrogen concentration using real-time ambient temperature and real-time ambient humidity to obtain the corrected hydrogen concentration. The state judgment unit 105 is used to determine the quasi-stability judgment result that matches the confined space of each floor based on the relative change rate of ventilation corresponding to the real-time ventilation volume and the relative change rate of hydrogen corresponding to the corrected hydrogen concentration. The leakage rate determination unit 107 is used to determine the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space in response to the quasi-stability determination result indicating that the current inner confined space is in a quasi-stable state, based on the corrected hydrogen concentration and real-time ventilation volume corresponding to the current inner confined space.

[0086] In some alternative implementations, the environmental compensation unit 103 includes: Based on the real-time ambient temperature and humidity, a temperature and humidity correction coefficient is obtained under the current environmental conditions. Based on the temperature and humidity correction coefficient, the real-time hydrogen concentration is multiplied to obtain the corrected hydrogen concentration used to characterize the true hydrogen level in the confined space.

[0087] In some optional implementations, the state determination unit 105 includes: Within a preset time window, determine the relative rate of change of ventilation corresponding to the real-time ventilation volume, and determine the relative rate of change of hydrogen corresponding to the corrected hydrogen concentration; If both the relative rate of change of ventilation and the relative rate of change of hydrogen are less than or equal to the preset stability threshold, a quasi-stability determination result is generated, indicating that the current confined space is in a quasi-steady state. If the relative rate of change of ventilation and / or the relative rate of change of hydrogen are greater than the preset stability threshold, a quasi-stability determination result is generated, indicating that the current confined space is in a non-quasi-steady state.

[0088] In some optional implementations, the leak rate determination unit 107 includes: Obtain the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space to which the current inner confined space belongs, and determine the difference between the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space and the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space. If the real-time ventilation volume is the air intake volume of the current inner confined space, then the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is obtained by dividing the product of the real-time ventilation volume and the difference by the first correction factor; wherein, the first correction factor is obtained by subtracting the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space from the preset constant. If the real-time ventilation volume is the exhaust volume of the current inner confined space, the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is obtained by dividing the product of the real-time ventilation volume and the difference by the second correction factor; wherein, the second correction factor is obtained by subtracting the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space from the preset constant.

[0089] In some alternative implementations, when the corrected hydrogen concentration or real-time ventilation rate of the inner confined spaces other than the outermost confined space cannot be obtained, the device is also used to: In response to the detection of missing data in the inner confined space, the corrected hydrogen concentration and corresponding real-time ventilation volume of the outermost confined space are obtained; If the real-time ventilation volume of the outermost confined space is the intake air volume, then the total hydrogen leakage rate is obtained by dividing the product of the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space and the real-time ventilation volume of the outermost confined space by the second correction factor; wherein, the second correction factor is obtained by subtracting the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space from the preset constant. If the real-time ventilation volume corresponding to the outermost confined space is the exhaust volume, then the product of the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space and the real-time ventilation volume of the outermost confined space is determined as the total hydrogen leakage rate. Based on the data obtained normally, the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of each of the remaining inner confined spaces is determined, and the sum of the known local hydrogen leakage rates is obtained. By subtracting the sum of known local hydrogen leakage rates from the total hydrogen leakage rate, the estimated real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the inner confined space with missing data is determined.

[0090] In some optional embodiments, the device further includes a risk determination unit, which is used for: The real-time hydrogen leakage rate and the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space are compared with preset safety thresholds. Based on the comparison results, a corresponding risk level is generated, and a corresponding safety response action is triggered according to the risk level.

[0091] In some alternative embodiments, the apparatus is also used for: If the current corrected hydrogen concentration in the inner confined space is less than the first concentration threshold, and the current real-time hydrogen leakage rate in the inner confined space is less than the first leakage rate threshold, then the current risk level of the inner confined space is Level 1 safe state. If the current corrected hydrogen concentration in the inner confined space is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold, or the current real-time hydrogen leakage rate in the inner confined space is greater than or equal to the first leakage rate threshold, and the current corrected hydrogen concentration in the inner confined space is less than the second concentration threshold, and the current real-time hydrogen leakage rate in the inner confined space is less than the second leakage rate threshold, then the current inner confined space is in a level two warning state. If the current corrected hydrogen concentration in the inner confined space is greater than or equal to the second concentration threshold, or if the current real-time hydrogen leakage rate in the inner confined space is greater than or equal to the second leakage rate threshold, then the current inner confined space is in a Level 3 emergency state. Among them, the first concentration threshold is less than the second concentration threshold, and the first leakage rate threshold is less than the second leakage rate threshold.

[0092] In some alternative implementations, the device further includes a safety response unit, which is used to trigger a corresponding safety response action based on the risk level.

[0093] Further functional descriptions of the above modules and units are the same as those in the corresponding embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0094] In this embodiment, a hydrogen leakage rate monitoring device is presented in the form of a functional unit. Here, a unit refers to an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) circuit, a processor and memory that execute one or more software or fixed programs, and / or other devices that can provide the above functions.

[0095] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device, as shown in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 9 As shown, the computer device includes one or more processors 10, memory 20, and interfaces for connecting the components, including high-speed interfaces and low-speed interfaces. The components communicate with each other via different buses and can be mounted on a common motherboard or otherwise installed as needed. The processors can process instructions executed within the computer device, including instructions stored in or on memory to display graphical information of a GUI on external input / output devices (such as display devices coupled to the interfaces). In some alternative implementations, multiple processors and / or multiple buses can be used with multiple memories and multiple memory modules, if desired. Similarly, multiple computer devices can be connected, each providing some of the necessary operations (e.g., as a server array, a group of blade servers, or a multiprocessor system). Figure 9 Take a processor 10 as an example.

[0096] Processor 10 may be a central processing unit, a network processor, or a combination thereof. Processor 10 may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The programmable logic device may be a complex programmable logic device (CAMP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general-purpose array logic (GPA), or any combination thereof.

[0097] The memory 20 stores instructions executable by at least one processor 10 to cause the at least one processor 10 to perform the method shown in the above embodiments.

[0098] The memory 20 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and applications required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the computer device. Furthermore, the memory 20 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some alternative embodiments, the memory 20 may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor 10, and these remote memories may be connected to the computer device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0099] The memory 20 may include volatile memory, such as random access memory; the memory may also include non-volatile memory, such as flash memory, hard disk or solid-state drive; the memory 20 may also include a combination of the above types of memory.

[0100] The computer device also includes a communication interface 30 for communicating with other devices or communication networks.

[0101] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described in this application can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as recordable on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded over a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and subsequently stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, the methods shown in the above embodiments are implemented.

[0102] The apparatus and units described in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer chip or physical entity, or by a product with a certain function. A typical implementation device is a computer. Specifically, a computer can be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular phone, a camera phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or any combination of these devices.

[0103] For ease of description, the above devices are described separately by function as various units. Of course, in implementing this application, the functions of each unit can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware.

[0104] Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments of this application can be provided as methods or apparatus. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0105] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatuses, and devices according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0106] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0107] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0108] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0109] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the apparatus embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0110] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

[0111] Although embodiments of this application have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring hydrogen leakage rate, characterized in that, The method includes: Real-time hydrogen concentration, real-time ambient temperature, real-time ambient humidity, and real-time ventilation volume are collected for each layer of confined space; wherein, each layer of confined space includes an outermost confined space and multiple parallel inner confined spaces set within the outermost confined space; The real-time ambient temperature and humidity are used to perform environmental compensation on the real-time hydrogen concentration to obtain a corrected hydrogen concentration. Based on the relative change rate of ventilation corresponding to the real-time ventilation volume and the relative change rate of hydrogen corresponding to the corrected hydrogen concentration, a quasi-stability determination result matching the confined space of each layer is determined. In response to the quasi-stability determination result indicating that the current inner confined space is in a quasi-stable state, the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is determined based on the corrected hydrogen concentration and real-time ventilation volume corresponding to the current inner confined space.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of using the real-time ambient temperature and humidity to perform environmental compensation on the real-time hydrogen concentration to obtain a corrected hydrogen concentration includes: Based on the real-time ambient temperature and the real-time ambient humidity, a temperature and humidity correction coefficient under the current environmental conditions is obtained. Based on the temperature and humidity correction coefficient, the real-time hydrogen concentration is multiplied to obtain the corrected hydrogen concentration used to characterize the actual hydrogen level in the confined space.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of quasi-stability judgment results matching the confined spaces of each floor, based on the relative change rate of ventilation corresponding to the real-time ventilation volume and the relative change rate of hydrogen corresponding to the corrected hydrogen concentration, includes: Within a preset time window, determine the relative rate of change of ventilation corresponding to the real-time ventilation volume, and determine the relative rate of change of hydrogen corresponding to the corrected hydrogen concentration; If both the relative rate of change of ventilation and the relative rate of change of hydrogen are less than or equal to a preset stability threshold, then a quasi-stability determination result is generated, indicating that the current confined space is in a quasi-steady state. If the relative rate of change of ventilation and / or the relative rate of change of hydrogen are greater than the preset stability threshold, a quasi-stability determination result is generated, indicating that the current confined space is in a non-quasi-steady-state state.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space based on the corrected hydrogen concentration and real-time ventilation volume includes: Obtain the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space to which the current inner confined space belongs, and determine the difference between the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space and the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space. If the real-time ventilation volume is the air intake volume of the current inner confined space, then the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is obtained by dividing the product of the real-time ventilation volume and the difference by the first correction factor; wherein, the first correction factor is obtained by subtracting the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space from a preset constant. If the real-time ventilation volume is the exhaust volume of the current inner confined space, the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is obtained by dividing the product of the real-time ventilation volume and the difference by the second correction factor; wherein, the second correction factor is obtained by subtracting the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space from a preset constant.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the corrected hydrogen concentration or real-time ventilation volume of other inner confined spaces besides the outermost confined space cannot be obtained, the method further includes: In response to the detection of missing data in the inner confined space, the corrected hydrogen concentration and corresponding real-time ventilation volume of the outermost confined space are obtained; If the real-time ventilation volume of the outermost confined space is the intake air volume, then the total hydrogen leakage rate is obtained by dividing the product of the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space and the real-time ventilation volume of the outermost confined space by the second correction factor; wherein, the second correction factor is obtained by subtracting the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space from a preset constant. If the real-time ventilation volume corresponding to the outermost confined space is the exhaust volume, then the product of the corrected hydrogen concentration of the outermost confined space and the real-time ventilation volume of the outermost confined space is determined as the total hydrogen leakage rate. Based on the data obtained normally, the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of each of the remaining inner confined spaces is determined, and the sum of the known local hydrogen leakage rates is obtained. The estimated real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the inner confined space with missing data is determined by subtracting the sum of the known local hydrogen leakage rates from the total hydrogen leakage rate.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The real-time hydrogen leakage rate and the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space are compared with preset safety thresholds. Based on the comparison results, a corresponding risk level is generated, and a corresponding safety response action is triggered according to the risk level.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of comparing the real-time hydrogen leakage rate and the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space with preset safety thresholds, and generating a corresponding risk level based on the comparison results, includes: If the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space is less than the first concentration threshold, and the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is less than the first leakage rate threshold, then the risk level of the current inner confined space is a level one safety state. If the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space is greater than or equal to the first concentration threshold, or the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is greater than or equal to the first leakage rate threshold, and the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space is less than the second concentration threshold, and the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is less than the second leakage rate threshold, then the current inner confined space is in a level two warning state. If the corrected hydrogen concentration of the current inner confined space is greater than or equal to the second concentration threshold, or if the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space is greater than or equal to the second leakage rate threshold, then the current inner confined space is in a Level 3 emergency state. Wherein, the first concentration threshold is less than the second concentration threshold, and the first leakage rate threshold is less than the second leakage rate threshold.

8. A hydrogen leakage rate monitoring device, characterized in that, The device includes: The data acquisition unit is used to collect real-time hydrogen concentration, real-time ambient temperature, real-time ambient humidity and real-time ventilation volume corresponding to each layer of confined space; wherein, each layer of confined space includes an outermost confined space and a plurality of parallel inner confined spaces arranged within the outermost confined space; An environmental compensation unit is used to perform environmental compensation on the real-time hydrogen concentration using the real-time ambient temperature and the real-time ambient humidity to obtain a corrected hydrogen concentration. The status judgment unit is used to determine a quasi-stability judgment result that matches the confined space of each floor based on the relative change rate of ventilation corresponding to the real-time ventilation volume and the relative change rate of hydrogen corresponding to the corrected hydrogen concentration. The leakage rate determination unit is used to determine the real-time hydrogen leakage rate of the current inner confined space in response to the quasi-stability determination result indicating that the current inner confined space is in a quasi-stable state, based on the corrected hydrogen concentration and real-time ventilation volume corresponding to the current inner confined space.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, include: A memory and a processor are communicatively connected, the memory storing computer instructions, and the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the hydrogen leakage rate monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the hydrogen leakage rate monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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