Hydraulic rotary damper and control method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a hydraulic rotary damper and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of mechanical damping shock absorption and structural safety protection. The hydraulic rotary damper comprises a shell assembly, a rotor, a vane, a flow cutoff plate and a damping adjustment system. The flow cutoff plate and the vane divide an internal working cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber filled with hydraulic damping oil. A throttling channel is formed in the flow cutoff plate to communicate the two chambers. The damping adjustment system is composed of a pressure sensor, a throttle valve rod, a servo pressure regulating motor and a controller. The controller drives the servo pressure regulating motor to axially displace the throttle valve rod according to the pressure signal fed back by the pressure sensor in real time, changes the flow area of the throttling channel, and realizes dynamic stepless adjustment of damping force. Through closed-loop feedback regulation, the application can be used for offline batch fine adjustment to solve the performance dispersion problem, and can also adaptively match the wind load change in real time during operation, thereby improving the system reliability and power generation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical damping and structural safety protection technology, and more specifically, to a hydraulic rotary damper and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] In photovoltaic (PV) array tracking systems, large-area PV modules are highly susceptible to wind loads during outdoor operation. When wind speeds reach a certain critical value, the PV array is prone to severe wind-induced vibration or torsional flutter, which not only accelerates the fatigue failure of the mechanical structure but may even lead to the collapse of the entire PV support system. To suppress this destructive vibration, a rotation damper is typically installed at the PV square tube's pivot point. This damper utilizes the throttling effect of the hydraulic damping oil within its internal working chamber to dissipate vibration energy, thereby providing safety protection.

[0003] Existing hydraulic rotary dampers generally consist of a housing, rotor, blades, and a fixed baffle plate. The blades and baffle plate divide the working chamber into two compartments, and the baffle plate contains a throttling channel. When the rotor drives the blades to rotate, hydraulic oil is forced through the throttling channel, generating a damping torque. However, existing hydraulic rotary dampers face the following technical challenges in practical applications: The damping force is difficult to adjust precisely, resulting in low batch consistency: Traditional hydraulic rotary dampers often have fixed internal flow channels or only support manual static mechanical adjustment. In actual mass production, machining tolerances, component assembly errors, and slight differences in hydraulic oil injection volume lead to significant dispersion in the initial damping force of each batch of products upon leaving the factory. This performance inconsistency makes it difficult to ensure balanced protection across all nodes of the entire support system in large photovoltaic power plants, severely impacting the reliability of system matching.

[0004] Fixed damping force output cannot adapt to complex, dynamically changing operating conditions: Outdoor wind speed and direction are highly random and sudden, causing the wind vibration load on photovoltaic supports to fluctuate drastically in real time. Traditional hydraulic rotary dampers cannot provide a single, fixed reverse resistance torque because the damping force cannot be finely and dynamically adjusted. When faced with severe flutter caused by extreme storms, the protection effect is often inadequate because they cannot provide sufficient damping force; while under normal light wind or no wind conditions, excessive fixed damping force will additionally increase the operating load of the photovoltaic support drive motor, causing unnecessary energy loss and mechanical wear.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a hydraulic rotary damper that can achieve precise control of damping force output, support batch fine-tuning, and perform adaptive dynamic compensation according to actual working conditions is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the damping force output of the existing hydraulic rotary damper is fixed and difficult to adjust precisely, resulting in poor batch consistency of products and the inability to perform real-time adaptive compensation according to complex working conditions of external dynamic fluctuations. In order to overcome the above defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a hydraulic rotary damper and its control method.

[0007] This invention provides a hydraulic rotary damper, comprising: The housing assembly has an enclosed working chamber inside which a baffle plate is fixed. The rotor is rotatably installed inside the housing assembly and has synchronously rotating blades fixed thereon. Both ends of the rotor are exposed for connection to the photovoltaic square tube. The blades and the baffle plate radially divide the working chamber into two chambers filled with hydraulic damping oil. The baffle plate has a throttling channel connecting the two chambers. The damping adjustment system includes a pressure sensor for acquiring the pressure of one of the chambers, an adjustment component for changing the flow area of ​​the throttling channel by axial displacement, and a controller. The controller is configured to: acquire the initial chamber pressure when the rotor is stationary as a reference value and set a high-pressure range and a low-pressure range; when the rotor is moving, if the actual pressure value is higher than the reference value and exceeds the upper limit of the high-pressure range, or if the actual pressure value is lower than the reference value and lower than the lower limit of the low-pressure range, control the adjusting component to extend into the throttling channel to reduce the flow area; if the actual pressure value is higher than the reference value and lower than the lower limit of the high-pressure range, or if the actual pressure value is lower than the reference value and higher than the upper limit of the low-pressure range, control the adjusting component to pull out of the throttling channel to increase the flow area; and if the actual pressure value is within the high-pressure range or the low-pressure range or equal to the reference value, keep the adjusting component stationary.

[0008] Compared with existing technologies, the hydraulic rotary damper disclosed in this application has the following advantages: It forms a closed-loop feedback system through a pressure sensor, controller, and axially displaceable adjustment components. During rotor movement, based on the dynamic comparison between real-time pressure and a reference value, the adjustment components are controlled to extend or retract depending on the situation to change the flow area of ​​the throttling channel. This allows for independent fine-tuning of each damper via external commands after mass production, overcoming performance dispersion caused by machining and assembly tolerances. Furthermore, it enables real-time adaptive adjustment of the damping force based on wind speed and vibration intensity during outdoor operation, achieving low damping at low wind speeds to ensure tracking accuracy and high damping at high wind speeds to effectively suppress wind-induced flutter, thereby improving system reliability, service life, and power generation efficiency.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the regulating component includes: A throttle valve assembly includes a throttle valve stem that is movably inserted through a baffle plate and extends into a throttle channel, and changes the flow area of ​​the throttle channel by axial displacement; The servo voltage regulating motor is fixed outside the housing assembly, and its output end is connected to the throttle valve stem.

[0010] Compared with existing technologies, the adjustment component is specifically designed as a transmission cooperation between a throttle valve stem and a servo voltage regulating motor. The servo voltage regulating motor drives the axial displacement of the throttle valve stem, thereby achieving stepless and precise adjustment of the flow area of ​​the throttle channel. This results in fast response, high precision, and good repeatability.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the servo voltage regulating motor is a rotary motor, the throttle valve stem has a rack extending axially out of the housing assembly, and the output end of the rotary motor is meshed with the rack for transmission.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, the rotary motor and rack and pinion transmission convert rotary motion into a small linear displacement of the throttle valve stem, resulting in high adjustment resolution, compact structure, and reliable transmission.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the housing assembly includes a housing and cover plates disposed on both sides of the housing, the housing and cover plates forming a closed working cavity; a skeleton oil seal is fitted inside the cover plate on one side, the skeleton oil seal is sleeved on the throttle valve stem to seal its axial movement clearance.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the skeleton oil seal fitted inside the cover plate and sleeved on the throttle valve stem effectively prevents high-pressure oil from leaking outward along the axial movement gap of the throttle valve stem, ensuring the reliability of dynamic sealing during reciprocating motion. It has a compact structure and stable sealing.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the cover plate is provided with a sealing cover for covering the rack of the throttle valve stem and the output end of the servo voltage regulating motor, and the sealing cover is fixedly connected to the cover plate.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, adding a sealing cover to the outside of the cover plate completely covers the rack and the output end of the servo motor, forming a physical barrier to prevent external dust and rainwater from intruding and causing wear or jamming. It also serves as a secondary seal to prevent possible leakage of trace amounts of oil, thus extending the service life outdoors.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the throttle valve assembly further includes a damping spring disposed within the throttle plate, with one end abutting against the interior of the throttle plate and the other end abutting against the inner end of the throttle valve stem.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the anti-vibration spring installed inside the throttling plate applies a preload to the throttling valve stem, preventing high-frequency chattering of the valve stem under slight vibrations or pressure pulsations, thereby ensuring the stability of the throttling channel area and improving the smoothness of the damping force output and control accuracy.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the portion of the throttle valve stem that extends into the throttle channel is stepped, the stepped portion consisting of at least two segments with decreasing diameters.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, the part of the throttle valve stem that extends into the throttle channel is designed as a stepped section consisting of at least two stages of column segments with decreasing diameters. This achieves a non-linear segmented adjustment characteristic between the flow area and the displacement of the throttle valve stem, so as to meet the requirements of different operating conditions for adjustment sensitivity and range.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the rotor is provided with a radial mating hole for mounting blades, and the blade is provided with a through hole aligned with the radial mating hole; the rotor and the blade are fixedly connected by a rigid locking structure, the rigid locking structure comprising: The positioning sleeve has an interference fit between its outer wall and the inner wall of the through hole and the radial mating hole to withstand the fluid shear force on the blade during rotation. The locking screw passes through the inner hole of the positioning sleeve, and its threaded end is fastened to the rotor thread to lock the blades radially onto the rotor.

[0022] Compared with existing technologies, the combination of positioning sleeve and locking screw separates the fluid shear force and axial locking force on the blade, avoiding the loosening or fatigue fracture of the locking parts under the same shear and tensile load in the traditional structure, and greatly improving the connection reliability and long-term operational stability of the blade under alternating high-pressure fluid impact.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the baffle plate is fixed to the housing assembly by a plurality of screws; the screws penetrate the wall thickness of the housing assembly from the outside, the outer diameter of the smooth section of the screw is interference-fitted with the inner diameter of the wall hole of the housing assembly, and the threaded section of the screw is screwed into the threaded hole in the baffle plate to radially lock the baffle plate.

[0024] Compared with existing technologies, the use of plug screws to lock the throttle plate through the outside of the housing allows the smooth section to bear the shear force while the threaded section is only responsible for axial locking. This achieves functional separation between the load-bearing component and the fastener, improves the shear strength of the throttle plate under extreme torque, and facilitates external installation and maintenance.

[0025] Another technical solution of the present invention is to provide a control method for a hydraulic rotary damper, comprising the following steps: S1. When the rotor is stationary, the initial pressure value of the pressure sensor inserted into the side chamber is obtained as a reference value, and the high pressure range and low pressure range are set based on the reference value; S2. During the rotor's movement, the actual pressure value of the corresponding chamber is detected in real time by a pressure sensor, and the actual pressure value is fed back to the controller; S3. The controller compares the actual pressure value with the reference value: When the actual pressure value is higher than the reference value, if the actual pressure value exceeds the upper limit of the high pressure range, the regulating component is controlled to extend into the throttling channel to reduce the flow area; if the actual pressure value is lower than the lower limit of the high pressure range, the regulating component is controlled to pull out of the throttling channel to increase the flow area; if the actual pressure value is within the high pressure range, the position of the regulating component remains unchanged. When the actual pressure value is lower than the reference value, if the actual pressure value is lower than the lower limit of the low pressure range, the regulating component is controlled to extend into the throttling channel to reduce the flow area; if the actual pressure value is higher than the upper limit of the low pressure range, the regulating component is controlled to pull out of the throttling channel to increase the flow area; if the actual pressure value is within the low pressure range, the position of the regulating component remains unchanged. When the actual pressure value equals the reference value, keep the position of the adjusting component unchanged.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, this method obtains a reference value in a static state and sets high-pressure and low-pressure ranges. During rotor movement, the actual pressure is compared with the reference value in real time. The control components are extended, pulled out, or kept stationary according to different working conditions, forming a two-way adaptive closed-loop control strategy. This not only adjusts the damping force dynamically and in real time based on load changes under different working conditions, keeping it always within the ideal range to effectively suppress shocks and vibrations, but also improves the stability and reliability of the damper's operation and the wind resistance stability of the photovoltaic tracking system, extending the service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hydraulic rotary damper according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hydraulic rotary damper of the present invention after the sealing cover is removed; Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a hydraulic rotary damper according to the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point D; Figure 5 This is a top view of a hydraulic rotary damper according to the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 A cross-sectional view along the BB direction; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 5 A cross-sectional view along the CC direction.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Housing assembly; 11-Housing; 12-Cover plate; 2-Rotor; 21-Radial mating hole; 3-blade; 31-through hole; 4-Break plate; 41-Throttle channel; 51-First chamber; 52-Second chamber; 6-Damping adjustment system; 61-Pressure sensor; 62-Throttle valve assembly; 621-Throttle valve stem; 6211-Rack; 622-Anti-vibration spring; 623-Skeleton oil seal; 63-Servo voltage regulating motor; 71-Positioning sleeve; 72-Locking screw; 81-Plug screw; 82-Sealing cap; 83-PTFE sealing strip; 84-PTFE sealing ring; 85-Glyd ring; 9-Photovoltaic square tube. Detailed Implementation

[0029] First, those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely used to explain the technical principles of the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments as needed to adapt to specific application scenarios.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0032] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Example 1: See Figures 1 to 8As shown, this embodiment discloses a hydraulic rotary damper, mainly used in photovoltaic tracking support systems to suppress wind vibration and flutter. The damper consists of a housing assembly 1, a power input and rotor 2, a stator and throttling assembly, a damping adjustment system 6, and a multi-stage sealing system.

[0034] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the housing assembly 1 includes a housing 11 and cover plates 12 disposed on both sides of the housing 11. After the housing 11 and the cover plates 12 are assembled by fasteners such as bolts, a closed working cavity is formed inside.

[0035] The rotor 2 passes axially through the working chamber and the two side cover plates 12, with the connecting ends exposed at both ends for connecting the photovoltaic square tube 9. The photovoltaic square tube 9 is fixed to the connecting ends of the rotor 2 by bolts in both the longitudinal and transverse directions, serving as the power input end of the entire damper and transmitting the external wind vibration torque to the rotor 2.

[0036] like Figures 5-8 As shown, a blade 3 for actuating hydraulic oil is installed on the rotor 2 located inside the housing assembly 1. The blade 3 is fixed to the rotor 2 by a rigid locking structure. Specifically: the rotor 2 has a radial mating hole 21 for mounting the blade 3, and the blade 3 has a through hole 31 aligned with the radial mating hole 21; the positioning sleeve 71 is a hollow cylinder with a preset wall thickness, and its outer wall is interference-fitted with the inner wall of both the through hole 31 on the blade 3 and the radial mating hole 21 on the rotor 2; the locking screw 72 passes through the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 71, and its threaded end is threadedly fastened to the rotor 2.

[0037] In this locking structure, a positioning sleeve 71 with a large outer diameter is deeply embedded in the mating hole of the blade 3 and the rotor 2, bearing the enormous fluid shear force experienced by the blade 3 during rotation; the locking screw 72 is responsible for locking the blade 3 radially onto the rotor 2. This force-separation design reduces the risk of loosening or fatigue fracture of the locking screw 72 due to simultaneous shear and tensile loads under alternating high-pressure fluid impact, maintaining a rigid connection between the blade 3 and the rotor 2.

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the baffle plate 4 is fixed to the inner wall of the housing assembly 1. The baffle plate 4 is fixed by multiple plug screws 81: the plug screws 81 penetrate the wall thickness of the housing 11 from the outside, and the outer diameter of the smooth section is in an interference fit with the inner diameter of the wall hole of the housing assembly 1. For example, a sealing element is provided between the plug screw 81 and the wall hole, and the interference fit is achieved by the sealing element, which can ensure a sealed connection. The threaded section is screwed into the corresponding threaded hole on the baffle plate 4 to radially lock the baffle plate 4 onto the inner wall of the housing 11. This external through-hole locking method realizes the functional separation of the force-bearing component and the fastener, and improves the shear strength of the baffle plate 4 under extreme torque.

[0039] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the annular working chamber inside the housing 11 is radially divided into two chambers filled with special hydraulic damping oil by the rotating blades 3 and the fixed baffle 4, namely the first chamber 51 and the second chamber 52. The baffle 4 has a throttling channel 41 connecting the two chambers. When the rotor 2 drives the blades 3 to rotate, one chamber is compressed, and the hydraulic oil in that chamber is forced to flow through the throttling channel 41 to the other chamber, thereby generating a damping force.

[0040] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the damping adjustment system 6 consists of a pressure sensor 61, a throttle valve assembly 62, a servo pressure regulating motor 63, and a controller (not shown in the figure). The pressure sensor 61 is fixed to the outside of the cover plate 12, and its sensing end extends into the first chamber 51 or the second chamber 52 to detect the hydraulic oil pressure in the chamber in real time and send the pressure signal to the controller. The chamber into which it extends is defined as the extending side chamber. The controller adopts a microcontroller unit (MCU) or a programmable logic controller (PLC). Its input terminal is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 61, and its control output terminal is electrically connected to the drive circuit of the servo pressure regulating motor 63.

[0041] The throttle valve assembly 62 includes a throttle valve stem 621 and an anti-vibration spring 622. The throttle valve stem 621 is movably inserted through the throttling plate 4 and extends into the throttle channel 41, and its axial displacement can change the flow area of ​​the throttle channel 41. The portion of the throttle valve stem 621 extending into the throttle channel 41 is a stepped portion, which consists of at least two stages of cylindrical segments with decreasing diameters; alternatively, this portion can also be a tapered portion, the cross-section of which gradually decreases along the axial direction of the throttle valve stem 621 towards the interior of the throttling plate 4. When the throttle valve stem 621 is pushed inward, the flow area decreases and the damping force increases; when it is pulled outward, the flow area increases and the damping force decreases. The anti-vibration spring 622 is located inside the throttle plate 4. One end of the spring abuts against the inside of the throttle plate 4, and the other end abuts against the inner end of the throttle valve stem 621. It is used to apply a preload to the throttle valve stem 621 to prevent the valve stem from fluttering under high-frequency vibration.

[0042] A servo voltage regulating motor 63 is fixed outside the housing assembly 1, and its output end is connected to the throttle valve stem 621 for driving the throttle valve stem 621 to perform axial displacement. In this embodiment, the servo voltage regulating motor 63 is a rotary motor, and the throttle valve stem 621 has a rack 6211 extending axially out of the housing assembly 1. The output shaft of the rotary motor is connected to a gear, and the gear meshes with the rack 6211 to drive the rotational motion of the rotary motor into the axial displacement of the throttle valve stem 621. Specifically, the rotary motor can be a stepper motor, and the controller can precisely control the axial displacement of the throttle valve stem 621 by controlling the number of teeth rotating in the stepper motor.

[0043] As an alternative, the servo voltage regulating motor 63 can also be a telescopic motor. In this case, the output end of the telescopic motor is directly fixed to the end of the throttle valve rod 621 that extends out of the housing assembly 1 to achieve a transmission connection, and directly drives the throttle valve rod 621 to extend and retract along its axial direction, thereby adjusting the flow area.

[0044] Furthermore, the output end of the rotary motor can also be connected to the throttle valve rod 621 via a lead screw and nut pair, a cam mechanism, or a linkage mechanism to convert the rotary motion into axial linear displacement.

[0045] In this embodiment, a skeleton oil seal 623 is fitted inside the cover plate 12 on one side. The skeleton oil seal 623 is sleeved on the throttle valve stem 621 to prevent high-pressure oil from leaking outward along the axial gap of the throttle valve stem 621. A sealing cover 82 is provided on the outside of the cover plate 12. The sealing cover 82 covers the connection between the rack 6211 of the throttle valve stem 621 and the output end of the servo voltage regulating motor 63 and is fixedly connected to the cover plate 12, providing further mechanical protection, external dust and water protection, and secondary leakage sealing.

[0046] The sealing cover 82 has an inner cavity for the rack 6211 to retract axially outward.

[0047] like Figures 6-8 As shown, the present invention employs multiple sealing measures in both internal and external leak prevention.

[0048] Regarding internal leak prevention: On the contact surfaces between the blade 3 and the inner wall of the housing 11 and the inner wall of the cover plate 12, there are multiple wear-resistant PTFE sealing strips 83, which are used to prevent high-pressure oil from flowing directly from one chamber to another along the edge of the blade 3 without passing through the throttling channel 41, i.e. internal oil leakage, thereby ensuring that the damping force is controlled by the throttling channel 41.

[0049] For external leakage prevention: Multiple PTFE sealing rings 84 are installed at the gap between the rotor 2 and the two side cover plates 12, and at least one of the PTFE sealing rings 84 is equipped with a Glyd ring 85. The PTFE sealing rings 84 utilize the wear-resistant and low-friction properties of PTFE material, while the Glyd rings 85 provide elastic compensation. The combination of the two forms a multi-level, redundant axial dynamic sealing barrier, which can still play a good sealing role under long-term high-frequency micro-motion and outdoor temperature difference changes, reducing the risk of leakage.

[0050] Working Principle: When external excitations such as wind loads cause the photovoltaic array to deflect or vibrate, the photovoltaic square tube 9 synchronously drives the rotor 2 inside the damper to rotate. The rotation of the rotor 2 forces the blades 3 fixed to it to swing within the housing 11, thereby compressing the hydraulic oil in the first chamber 51 or the second chamber 52. Due to the obstruction of the PTFE sealing strip 83 at the end of the blade 3, the compressed high-pressure oil cannot cross the edge of the blade 3 and can only be forced into the baffle 4, flowing through the throttling channel 41 to the other chamber with lower pressure. During this process, the viscous friction of the liquid and the forced throttling effect of the orifice generate a huge reverse resistance torque, i.e., damping force. This damping force effectively absorbs and dissipates the vibration mechanical energy of the photovoltaic array, achieving safety protection.

[0051] Regarding damping force adjustment, pressure sensor 61 detects pressure changes within the chamber in real time and feeds them back to the controller. During the indicator motor testing phase after mass production, the controller can drive the servo pressure regulating motor 63 according to external commands to independently fine-tune the position of the throttle valve stem 621 of each damper, ensuring that the damping force output of the entire batch of products is highly consistent.

[0052] Example 2: See Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment discloses a control method for a hydraulic rotary damper, including the following steps: S1. State initialization and baseline setting: When the photovoltaic square tube 9 is stationary and does not drive the rotor 2 to rotate, the initial hydraulic oil pressure value of the side chamber (the pressure sensor 61 extends into one of the chambers used to detect pressure) is obtained by the pressure sensor 61 and used as the baseline value (a certain redundancy value can be set to reduce drift caused by outdoor temperature fluctuations); and based on the baseline value, a high pressure range higher than the baseline value and a low pressure range lower than the baseline value are preset.

[0053] Specifically, when the photovoltaic square tube 9 moves and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 61 is greater than the reference value, it indicates that the chamber connected to the pressure sensor 61 is in a high-pressure state and the other chamber is in a low-pressure state. For this state, a high-pressure range is preset in the controller. Within this high-pressure range, the swaying of the rotor 2 of the entire damper and the blades 3 is within the normal range. When the photovoltaic square tube 9 moves and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 61 is less than the reference value, it indicates that the chamber connected to the pressure sensor 61 is in a low-pressure state and the other chamber is in a high-pressure state. For this state, a low-pressure range is preset in the controller. Within this low-pressure range, the swaying of the rotor 2 of the entire damper and the blades 3 is within the normal range.

[0054] S2. Real-time feedback data acquisition: In actual outdoor use, when the photovoltaic square tube 9 drives the rotor 2 to move, the pressure sensor 61 detects the actual pressure value of the corresponding chamber in real time and feeds the real-time pressure signal back to the controller.

[0055] When photovoltaic modules are connected to dampers via photovoltaic square tubes 9 for vibration reduction, they encounter various extreme weather and complex terrain conditions outdoors. For example, when extreme storms cause severe flutter, sufficient damping force is required to effectively suppress wind vibration and protect the support structure. At this time, under the strong pressure of the storm, abnormally high pressure exceeding the reference range is usually generated in one of the chambers.

[0056] S3. Logic Judgment and Adaptive Execution: The controller compares the actual pressure value with the reference value to determine the current high and low pressure status, and drives the servo pressure regulating motor 63 to adjust the axial displacement of the throttle valve stem 621, changing the flow area of ​​the throttle channel 41 to adjust the global damping force. The specific adaptive control strategy is as follows: When the actual pressure value is higher than the reference value, the corresponding chamber is determined to be in a high-pressure state. If the actual pressure value exceeds the upper limit of the high pressure range, it indicates that the corresponding chamber is in an over-compression high pressure state, and the outdoor wind is too strong, possibly due to an approaching typhoon. The controller drives the servo pressure regulating motor 63 to push the throttle valve rod 621 in to reduce the flow area of ​​the throttle channel 41, increase the damping force, and prevent excessive swaying. During this process, the distance the throttle valve rod 621 is pushed in is determined according to the requirements. For example, the greater the pressure exceeds the upper limit of the high pressure range, the greater the pushing distance. The throttle valve rod 621 can be pushed in to the preset maximum extension position.

[0057] If the actual pressure value is within the high pressure range, the controller keeps the throttle valve stem 621 in the same position.

[0058] If the actual pressure value is lower than the lower limit of the high pressure range, it indicates that the outdoor wind force is relatively small. The controller drives the servo pressure regulating motor 63 to pull out the throttle valve stem 621 to increase the flow area of ​​the throttle channel 41, reduce the damping force, and appropriately increase the swing amplitude, thereby reducing energy consumption and extending the component life. In this process, the distance that the throttle valve stem 621 is pulled out is as required. For example, the greater the pressure is below the lower limit of the high pressure range, the greater the distance that is pulled out. At most, the throttle valve stem 621 can be pulled out to the preset maximum extension position.

[0059] When the actual pressure value is lower than the reference value, the corresponding chamber is determined to be in a low-pressure state. If the actual pressure value is lower than the lower limit of the low pressure range, it indicates that the other chamber is in an over-compression high pressure state, and the outdoor wind is too strong, possibly due to an approaching typhoon. The controller drives the servo pressure regulating motor 63 to push the throttle valve rod 621 in to reduce the flow area of ​​the throttle channel 41, further increasing the damping force in the other chamber (the chamber not connected to the pressure sensor 61) to prevent excessive swaying. During this process, the throttle valve rod 621 is pushed in as needed, and can be pushed in up to the preset maximum extension position.

[0060] If the actual pressure value is within the low pressure range, the controller keeps the throttle valve stem 621 in the same position.

[0061] If the actual pressure value is higher than the upper limit of the low pressure range, it indicates that the outdoor wind force is relatively small. The controller drives the servo pressure regulating motor 63 to pull out the throttle valve stem 621 to increase the flow area of ​​the throttle channel 41, reduce the damping force in the other chamber, and appropriately increase the swing amplitude, thereby reducing energy consumption and extending the component life. During this process, the distance that the throttle valve stem 621 is pulled out is as required, and the throttle valve stem 621 can be pulled out to the preset maximum extension position.

[0062] When the actual pressure value equals the reference value, it indicates that there is no airflow, and the controller keeps the position of the throttle valve stem 621 unchanged.

[0063] S4. Loop Feedback: After completing step S3, return to S2 to continuously repeat real-time detection, logical judgment and adaptive control based on the latest collected actual pressure value, forming a closed-loop feedback regulation.

[0064] In the above process, after receiving the pressure signal, the controller first performs analog-to-digital conversion (A / D), PID adaptive adjustment calculation, and then outputs PWM pulses or stepper motor drive steps to drive the servo voltage regulating motor 63 to perform precise displacement control, realize dynamic matching of the position of the throttle valve stem 621, and ensure that the damping force is always adapted to the current working condition.

[0065] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) This invention constructs a closed-loop feedback damping adjustment system 6 consisting of a pressure sensor 61, a throttle valve assembly 62, a servo voltage regulating motor 63, and a controller. This system helps alleviate the core pain points of existing photovoltaic rotary dampers, such as the inability to precisely adjust the damping force, poor consistency of batch products, and the inability to adapt to changes in external loads in real time. Specifically, the pressure sensor 61 collects the pressure signal in the first chamber 51 or the second chamber 52 in real time and feeds it back to the controller. After the controller calculates according to the preset strategy or real-time operating conditions, it drives the servo voltage regulating motor 63 to drive the throttle valve rod 621 to generate a precise axial displacement, thereby changing the flow area of ​​the throttle channel 41 and realizing dynamic, stepless, and fine adjustment of the damping force. This closed-loop feedback mechanism enables: after mass production, each damper can be independently fine-tuned via external commands during the dynamometer testing phase, ensuring a high degree of consistency in damping force output across the entire batch and overcoming performance dispersion issues caused by machining and assembly tolerances; in actual outdoor operation, the system can automatically adjust the damping force based on real-time changes in wind load and vibration state, indirectly reflecting pressure variations, achieving adaptive matching of low damping at low wind speeds to ensure tracking accuracy and high damping at high wind speeds to effectively suppress wind vibration and flutter. Simultaneously, the motor-driven adjustment method offers fast response, high precision, and good repeatability, significantly improving the reliability, lifespan, and power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic tracking bracket system.

[0066] (2) The blade 3 adopts a rigid locking structure with force separation, which is a positioning sleeve 71 and a locking screw 72. The positioning sleeve 71 bears the fluid shear force, and the locking screw 72 only bears the axial locking force. This avoids the loosening or fatigue fracture problem caused by the locking screw 72 bearing both shear and tensile loads in the traditional structure, and greatly improves the connection reliability and long-term operation stability of the blade 3 under alternating high pressure fluid impact.

[0067] (3) The cut-off plate 4 is locked from the outside of the housing 11 by using a plug screw 81. Its smooth section is tightly fitted with the wall hole of the housing 11 to withstand shear force, and the threaded section is only responsible for axial locking, realizing the functional separation of the force-bearing component and the fastener, improving the shear strength of the cut-off plate 4 under extreme torque, and facilitating external installation and maintenance.

[0068] (4) The built-in anti-vibration spring 622 of the throttle valve assembly 62 applies a preload force to the throttle valve stem 621 to prevent the valve stem from high-frequency chattering under slight vibration or pressure pulsation, ensuring the stability of the area of ​​the throttle channel 41 and improving the smoothness of the damping force output and control accuracy.

[0069] (5) By setting up multiple sealing structures, including the PTFE sealing strip 83 at the end of the blade 3, the PTFE sealing ring 84 and the Glyd ring 85 combination at the journal of the rotor 2, the skeleton oil seal 623 at the throttle valve stem 621 and the external sealing cover 82, a comprehensive internal and external leak-proof system is formed, which greatly extends the maintenance-free service life of the damper under severe outdoor temperature difference and high frequency micro-motion conditions.

[0070] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inner" and "outer" and other terms indicating direction or positional relationship are based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or component must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0071] In the description of this application, the references to terms such as "an embodiment," "some embodiments," "in this embodiment," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0072] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hydraulic rotary damper, characterized in that, include: The housing assembly (1) has a closed working cavity inside and a baffle plate (4) is fixed thereon. The rotor (2) is rotatably installed inside the housing assembly (1) and has synchronously rotating blades (3) fixed thereon. Both ends of the rotor (2) are exposed for connecting to the photovoltaic square tube (9). The blades (3) and the baffle plate (4) radially divide the working chamber into two chambers filled with hydraulic damping oil. The baffle plate (4) has a throttling channel (41) connecting the two chambers. The damping adjustment system (6) includes a pressure sensor (61) for acquiring the pressure of one of the chambers, an adjustment component for changing the flow area of ​​the throttling channel (41) by axial displacement, and a controller; The controller is configured to: acquire the initial chamber pressure when the rotor (2) is stationary as a reference value and set a high pressure range and a low pressure range; when the rotor (2) is moving, if the actual pressure value is higher than the reference value and exceeds the upper limit of the high pressure range, or if the actual pressure value is lower than the reference value and lower than the lower limit of the low pressure range, control the regulating component to extend into the throttling channel (41) to reduce the flow area; if the actual pressure value is higher than the reference value and lower than the lower limit of the high pressure range, or if the actual pressure value is lower than the reference value and higher than the upper limit of the low pressure range, control the regulating component to pull out the throttling channel (41) to increase the flow area; if the actual pressure value is within the high pressure range or the low pressure range or equal to the reference value, keep the regulating component stationary.

2. The hydraulic rotary damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment component includes: The throttle valve assembly (62) includes a throttle valve stem (621) that is movably inserted through the throttle plate (4) and extends into the throttle channel (41), and changes the flow area of ​​the throttle channel (41) by axial displacement; The servo voltage regulating motor (63) is fixed outside the housing assembly (1), and its output end is connected to the throttle valve stem (621) for transmission.

3. The hydraulic rotary damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, The servo voltage regulating motor (63) is a rotary motor, and the throttle valve stem (621) has a rack (6211) extending axially out of the housing assembly (1). The output end of the rotary motor is meshed with the rack (6211) for transmission.

4. The hydraulic rotary damper according to claim 3, characterized in that, The housing assembly (1) includes a housing (11) and cover plates (12) on both sides of the housing (11). The housing (11) and the cover plates (12) enclose a closed working cavity. A skeleton oil seal (623) is fitted inside the cover plate (12) on one side. The skeleton oil seal (623) is sleeved on the throttle valve stem (621) to seal its axial movement clearance.

5. The hydraulic rotary damper according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cover plate (12) is provided with a rack (6211) for covering the throttle valve stem (621) and a sealing cover (82) for the output end of the servo voltage regulating motor (63), and the sealing cover (82) is fixedly connected to the cover plate (12).

6. The hydraulic rotary damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, The throttle valve assembly (62) also includes a damping spring (622), which is disposed inside the throttle plate (4), with one end abutting against the inside of the throttle plate (4) and the other end abutting against the inner end of the throttle valve rod (621).

7. The hydraulic rotary damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, The portion of the throttle valve stem (621) that extends into the throttle channel (41) is stepped, and the stepped portion is composed of at least two segments with decreasing diameters.

8. The hydraulic rotary damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor (2) is provided with a radial mating hole (21) for mounting the blade (3), and the blade (3) is provided with a through hole (31) aligned with the radial mating hole (21); the rotor (2) and the blade (3) are fixedly connected by a rigid locking structure, the rigid locking structure comprising: The positioning sleeve (71) has an outer wall that is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the through hole (31) and the radial mating hole (21) to withstand the fluid shear force on the blade (3) during rotation; The locking screw (72) passes through the inner hole of the positioning sleeve (71), and its threaded end is threadedly fastened to the rotor (2) to lock the blade (3) radially onto the rotor (2).

9. The hydraulic rotary damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cut-off plate (4) is fixed to the housing assembly (1) by a plurality of screws (81); the screws (81) penetrate the wall thickness of the housing assembly (1) from the outside, and the outer diameter of the smooth section is in interference fit with the inner diameter of the wall hole of the housing assembly (1), and the threaded section is screwed into the threaded hole in the cut-off plate (4) to radially lock the cut-off plate (4).

10. A control method for the hydraulic rotary damper according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. When the rotor (2) is stationary, the initial pressure value of the side chamber is obtained by the pressure sensor (61) as a reference value, and the high pressure range and low pressure range are set based on the reference value; S2. During the movement of the rotor (2), the pressure sensor (61) detects the actual pressure value of the corresponding chamber in real time and feeds the actual pressure value back to the controller; S3. The controller compares the actual pressure value with the reference value: When the actual pressure value is higher than the reference value, if the actual pressure value exceeds the upper limit of the high pressure range, the regulating component is controlled to extend into the throttling channel (41) to reduce the flow area; if the actual pressure value is lower than the lower limit of the high pressure range, the regulating component is controlled to pull out of the throttling channel (41) to increase the flow area; if the actual pressure value is within the high pressure range, the position of the regulating component remains unchanged. When the actual pressure value is lower than the reference value, if the actual pressure value is lower than the lower limit of the low pressure range, the regulating component is controlled to extend into the throttling channel (41) to reduce the flow area. If the actual pressure value is higher than the upper limit of the low pressure range, the regulating component is controlled to pull out the throttling channel (41) to increase the flow area; if the actual pressure value is within the low pressure range, the position of the regulating component remains unchanged. When the actual pressure value equals the reference value, keep the position of the adjusting component unchanged.

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