A power distribution substation for urban large-scale power grid power distribution

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of substation technology, specifically a distribution substation for large-scale urban power grid distribution. It also relates to the manufacturing of power electronic components such as metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), and modules. The proposed distribution substation structure is particularly suitable for supporting intelligent power distribution equipment manufactured using these power electronic components. It includes a housing and a rigid support frame located at the bottom of the housing. Multiple independent support units are distributed below the rigid support frame. Each support unit includes an upper support rod and a lower support rod. The upper support rod includes an outer cylinder, an inner column, claws, and an energy storage compensation spring. The outer cylinder is connected to the rigid support frame, and the inner column is slidably disposed within the outer cylinder, with its lower end extending out of the outer cylinder and connecting to the lower support rod. Multiple annular grooves are provided axially on the outer wall of the inner column. The distribution substation of this invention can adapt to urban terrain and its changes, thus improving its service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of substation technology, specifically to a distribution substation for large-scale urban power grid distribution. Background Technology

[0002] Large-scale urban power grid distribution systems play a crucial role in distributing high-voltage electricity to various urban users through distribution substations. As the core node in power distribution, the stable operation of distribution substations directly affects the safety and reliability of urban power supply. With the continuous expansion of urban scale and increasing scarcity of land resources, distribution substations have had to expand into complex terrains such as urban fringe mountainous areas, hilly regions, roadside slopes, fill areas, and underground spaces. Simultaneously, regional ground subsidence caused by urban underground projects such as subway construction and underground utility tunnel construction also threatens distribution substations located in urban areas with uneven settlement. These complex terrain conditions and geological environments place higher demands on the terrain adaptability and long-term operational stability of distribution substations. Furthermore, with the rapid development of power electronic component manufacturing technologies such as metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), and modules, a large number of power electronic devices based on these components have been introduced into distribution substations. These devices place more stringent requirements on the flatness of the installation foundation, vibration isolation, and long-term stability compared to traditional electromagnetic equipment.

[0003] Currently, most existing distribution substations are installed using fixed foundations or monolithic concrete foundations. The bottom of the substation enclosure is rigidly connected to the ground, lacking height adjustment and terrain adaptability. When facing slopes, stepped terrain, or uneven areas, large-scale earthwork leveling and site hardening are necessary, resulting in significant engineering work, high costs, and damage to the original topography. More importantly, when distribution substations are installed in filled areas or on soft soil foundations affected by underground construction, uneven settlement often occurs. Traditional rigid foundations cannot accommodate this differential settlement; once the foundation deforms, the enclosure will tilt or even crack, leading to serious consequences such as damage to internal equipment connections and jamming of switch operating mechanisms. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a distribution substation for large-scale urban power grid distribution, adapting to terrain and solving the problems mentioned in the background section. This invention is particularly applicable to distribution substations equipped with various intelligent power distribution devices made from power electronic components such as metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), and modules.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a distribution substation for large-scale urban power grid distribution, comprising a box and a rigid load-bearing base frame disposed at the bottom of the box, wherein multiple independent support units are distributed below the rigid load-bearing base frame, and each support unit includes an upper support rod and a lower support rod; The upper support rod includes an outer cylinder, an inner column, a claw, and an energy storage compensation spring. The outer cylinder is connected to a rigid load-bearing base frame, and the inner column is slidably installed inside the outer cylinder with its lower end extending out of the outer cylinder and connected to the lower support rod. The outer wall of the inner column is provided with multiple annular grooves along the axial direction. The chuck is rotatably installed on the outer cylinder and engages with the annular grooves in a one-way manner. The energy storage compensation spring is set between the outer cylinder and the inner column and always maintains the preload force that pushes the inner column downward. The lower support rod includes an adjustable telescopic rod for adjusting the support height and foot plates set at the bottom of the adjustable telescopic rod. Each foot plate is omnidirectionally connected to the corresponding adjustable telescopic rod via a ball joint.

[0006] The rigid load-bearing base has multiple longitudinal beams and multiple transverse beams fixed to its bottom surface. The longitudinal beams and transverse beams are welded to form a grid-shaped steel frame. The support units are distributed below each longitudinal beam and installed close to the edge of the box.

[0007] The adjustable telescopic rod includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve. The inner sleeve is fixed to the bottom of the inner column, and the outer sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve. An adjusting nut is installed at the top of the outer sleeve, and the adjusting nut is threaded with the outer wall of the inner sleeve. The inner sleeve is also threaded with a locking nut. Rotating the adjusting nut drives the outer sleeve to extend or retract to adjust the height. Tightening the locking nut makes it fit the adjusting nut to achieve thread self-locking.

[0008] The upper surface of the front end of the claw is a wedge-shaped inclined surface that is inclined downward at 5°-10° relative to the horizontal surface, and the lower surface of the front end is a flat surface. The claw is inclined downward towards the inner column. The wedge-shaped inclined surface at the front end of the chuck and the inclined surface of the upper lip of the annular groove form a negative angle wedge fit to achieve gravity self-locking. The chuck is rotatably installed by a pin on the support seat on the inner wall of the outer cylinder. There are 4-6 chucks evenly arranged around the inner wall of the outer cylinder.

[0009] The inner column is fixed with a spring seat ring at the top for installing the energy storage compensation spring. The top of the energy storage compensation spring is connected to the upper inner wall of the outer cylinder. The energy storage compensation spring is always in a compressed pre-tightened state to push the inner column downward and eliminate the fit gap between the claw and the ring groove.

[0010] The pawl tail is provided with a damping viscous structure, which includes a damping rod and a damping cylinder. One end of the damping rod is hinged to the pawl tail end, and the other end extends into the damping cylinder and is connected to the piston. The damping cylinder is hinged to the top of the support base and filled with methyl silicone oil. The piston divides the inner cavity of the damping cylinder into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. A throttling orifice is opened on the piston. When the pawl is pushed slowly, the silicone oil generates a small damping force through the throttling orifice, allowing it to yield. When the pawl is pushed quickly, the silicone oil cannot pass through the throttling orifice in time, causing the damping force to increase sharply and lock the pawl.

[0011] The claw is connected to a trigger spring at its tail end, and the other end of the trigger spring is connected to the support base. When the trigger spring is in a stretched state, the inner column slides down and the claw disengages from the current annular groove. The trigger spring pulls the claw back and engages it in the next level annular groove, thus realizing the unidirectional, step-by-step extension of the inner column.

[0012] The base plate is omnidirectionally mounted on the bottom end of the outer sleeve via a ball joint seat. The ball joint seat includes a ball socket fixed to the bottom end of the outer sleeve and a ball head fixed to the center of the upper surface of the base plate. The ball head and the ball socket form a spherical kinematic pair. The lower surface of the footplate is equipped with anti-slip toothed plates, and the lower surface of the anti-slip toothed plates is equipped with multiple triangular sharp teeth. The outer periphery of the footplate is equipped with ground anchor rods for inserting into the foundation soil to provide pull-out anchoring force.

[0013] Among them, an outer ring seat is fixed to the outer wall of the bottom end of the outer cylinder, and an installation groove is opened on the ring seat. An emergency support rod is installed in the installation groove by means of a clamp. A baffle for limiting the emergency support rod is slidably installed on the mounting base. A limiting spring is provided between the baffle and the mounting base. A pressure plate is fitted on the outer wall of the outer cylinder. A push rod is provided around the pressure plate. A protrusion is fixed on the inner column. A straight through groove is opened on the side wall of the outer cylinder for the protrusion to pass through and move up and down with the inner column. When the inner column moves down to the limit position, the protrusion pushes the pressure plate, causing the push rod to drive the baffle to slide and release the limitation on the emergency support rod.

[0014] The emergency support rod has a horizontal plate fixed at one end near the pivot. Under the action of the limiting spring, the baffle extends into the movement path of the horizontal plate to prevent the emergency support rod from flipping downward. The side of the baffle away from the emergency support rod is provided with a pull ring with a wedge-shaped inclined surface. When the push rod moves down with the pressure plate, it contacts the wedge-shaped inclined surface of the pull ring and converts the vertical movement into horizontal movement. Pulling the baffle releases the limiting, and the emergency support rod flips downward and unfolds under the action of gravity. Its total length after unfolding is greater than the current support height of the support unit, and the end first contacts the ground to achieve emergency bearing.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention, through the establishment of a multi-point independent support leveling system, allows each support unit to independently adjust its height. Combined with ball joint seats, the base plate adaptively conforms to the local terrain, enabling horizontal installation of power distribution substations on complex terrains such as slopes, steps, and uneven surfaces. This significantly reduces the amount of site leveling work and protects the original topography. Furthermore, by setting dense trapezoidal sawtooth annular grooves on the outer wall of the inner column and cooperating with claws to form a unidirectional, step-by-step self-locking mechanism, the wedge-shaped inclined surface of the claw's front end forms a negative-angle wedge fit with the inclined surface of the annular groove. This ensures that the heavier the enclosure, the tighter the claw wedges, achieving gravity self-locking. Simultaneously, the energy storage compensation spring is always in a compressed pre-tension state to eliminate the gap between the claw and the annular groove, ensuring the enclosure's stability without shaking. This achieves automatic step-by-step compensation for slow foundation settlement, providing a long-term stable installation foundation for power electronic components such as metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors, insulated-gate bipolar transistor chips and modules, and preventing the components from being subjected to additional stress due to foundation deformation, which could affect their electrical performance and service life.

[0016] 2. By setting up a damping viscous structure, the damping rod is connected to the tail end of the chuck, and the damping cylinder is filled with high-viscosity methyl silicone oil and equipped with a piston with a throttling orifice. Utilizing the speed-sensitive damping characteristics of silicone oil, a small damping force is generated for the slow swinging of the chuck caused by the slow settlement of the foundation, allowing the chuck to retract and complete the compensation. When the chuck swings rapidly due to the severe impact caused by earthquakes or heavy vehicle traffic, the damping force increases sharply and locks the chuck. This effectively distinguishes between long-term creep of the foundation and instantaneous impact vibration, prevents the inner column from malfunctioning due to impact vibration, and significantly improves the anti-interference ability and operational reliability of the support system.

[0017] 3. By setting up emergency support rods, when the inner column gradually extends to near its limit position due to long-term foundation settlement, the protrusion on the inner column moves down and acts on the pressure plate. The push rod in the circumferential direction of the pressure plate, through the inclined surface of the wedge block in the baffle pull ring, pulls the baffle to release the restriction on the emergency support rod. Under the action of gravity, the emergency support rod automatically flips and unfolds to contact the ground to achieve emergency bearing, providing maintenance personnel with sufficient time for emergency repairs and significantly improving the fault tolerance and safety of the substation in the face of severe foundation settlement.

[0018] 4. Anti-slip teeth are embedded in the ground surface by setting anti-slip friction plates on the lower surface of the base plate, and ground anchors are inserted into the deep soil of the foundation to provide pull-out anchoring force, so that the substation has reliable anti-slip capability in sloping conditions. Combined with ball joint seats, the base plate can automatically adjust the fitting angle according to the foundation slope, further enhancing the installation stability of the substation under complex terrain conditions.

[0019] 5. Multiple support units can be distributed and each support unit is independent of the others. When slow settlement occurs at a single support unit, the box will not immediately become unbalanced. The inner columns have enough time to move down to adapt to the settled foundation and regain support. The support system has high fault tolerance and redundancy, which greatly reduces the full life cycle maintenance cost of the substation under uneven foundation conditions.

[0020] 6. This invention provides a highly stable, low-vibration, and shock-resistant installation environment for power electronic components such as metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors, insulated-gate bipolar transistor chips and modules through multi-point independent support, gravity self-locking compensation, and damping speed identification. This is beneficial to ensuring the long-term reliable operation of the above-mentioned power electronic components in the complex electromagnetic environment and foundation conditions of power distribution substations. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the power distribution substation of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support unit of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the support unit of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the self-adjusting inner column of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer cylinder of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the inner column and claw structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the chuck and its mounting structure according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the damping viscous structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable support structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 This is a first schematic diagram of the emergency support structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a second schematic diagram of the emergency support structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 13This is a third schematic diagram of the emergency support structure of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Box body; 2. Rigid load-bearing base frame; 3. Longitudinal beam; 4. Crossbeam; 5. Outer cylinder; 6. End block; 7. Inner column; 8. Energy storage compensation spring; 9. Ring groove; 10. Support seat; 11. Pin; 12. Claw; 13. Trigger spring; 14. Damping rod; 15. Damping cylinder; 16. Piston; 17. Throttling orifice; 18. Inner sleeve; 19. Outer sleeve; 20. Adjusting nut; 21. Locking nut; 22. Handle; 23. Ball joint seat; 24. Foot plate; 25. Ground anchor; 26. Anti-slip toothed plate; 27. Ring seat; 28. Mounting groove; 29. ​​Card seat; 30. Emergency support rod; 31. Baffle; 32. Limiting spring; 33. Pull ring; 34. Pressure plate; 35. Push rod; 36. Protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Please see Figures 1 to 13 The present invention provides a technical solution: a distribution substation for large-scale urban power grid distribution. The distribution substation is terrain adaptable. Through the support structure of the box body 1, the distribution substation can achieve adaptive leveling, stable installation and long-term reliable operation on sloping land, undulating terrain and uneven settlement foundation.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the power distribution substation of this invention has a box-type structure, which has a closed box 1, internally divided into a transformer room, a switch cabinet room, and a secondary equipment room. The transformer room and switch cabinet room are also equipped with power electronic equipment such as active filters, static var generators, and solid-state transformers manufactured using power electronic components such as metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors, insulated-gate bipolar transistor chips and modules. This type of equipment has high requirements for the flatness of the installation foundation, vibration isolation, and impact resistance. The multi-point independent support structure and damping viscous mechanism adopted in this invention can provide an ideal installation environment for this type of equipment. The frame of the box 1 is welded from metal profiles, and the wall panels of the box 1 are a composite structure of double-layer metal plates sandwiched with a heat insulation layer.

[0038] like Figure 2As shown, a rigid load-bearing base frame 2 is welded to the bottom of the box body 1. The rigid load-bearing base frame 2 is a grid-shaped steel frame structure. Its top surface is made of steel plate as a flat load-bearing surface and connected to the box body 1. Its bottom surface is made of a three-layer composite plate consisting of steel plate, rubber pad layer and steel plate from top to bottom. The rigid load-bearing base frame 2 is used to connect with each support unit of the multi-point independent support leveling system.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the installation foundation of the multi-point independent support leveling system is a grid steel frame structure composed of longitudinal beams 3 and transverse beams 4. The longitudinal beams 3, transverse beams 4 and rigid load-bearing base frame 2 are welded and fixed to each other, and both the longitudinal beams 3 and transverse beams 4 are made of I-beams.

[0040] Three longitudinal beams 3 are installed on both sides and at the center of the bottom surface of the rigid load-bearing base frame 2. Six transverse beams 4 are installed, evenly distributed and connected between adjacent longitudinal beams 3, forming a grid pattern. Support units are distributed below the three longitudinal beams 3, providing independent support. The support units are installed close to the edge of the box body 1, providing support from the outside.

[0041] like Figures 3-13 As shown, the support unit consists of a self-adjusting upper support rod and an adjustable lower support rod.

[0042] like Figures 2-7 As shown, the upper support rod is connected to the longitudinal beam 3, which includes an outer cylinder 5. The top of the outer cylinder 5 is provided with a flange. The outer cylinder 5 is vertically installed at the bottom of the longitudinal beam 3 by bolts. The outer cylinder 5 is a cylindrical steel part with a hollow interior. An end block 6 is installed inside the outer cylinder 5 for limiting lifting. The end block 6 is a solid steel column. Its outer wall is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the outer cylinder 5, allowing it to slide up and down in the outer cylinder 5. An inner column 7 is welded and fixed to the lower surface of the end block 6. The inner column 7 is a solid round steel column. The outer wall is machined with dense trapezoidal sawtooth-shaped annular grooves 9 along the axial direction. The groove spacing is 3-8mm, the tooth depth is 1.5-3mm, and the tooth surface has a negative angle of -5°. The bottom end of the inner column 7 slides through the bottom surface of the outer cylinder 5 and can be connected to the lower support rod. A cylindrical spring seat ring is welded to the upper surface of the inner column 7. An energy storage compensation spring 8 is connected to the spring seat ring. The top of the energy storage compensation spring 8 is fixed to the upper part of the outer cylinder 5 by a pin. The energy storage compensation spring 8 is a high-strength compression helical spring made of 60Si2MnA spring steel with shot peening treatment. The spring wire diameter is 8-16mm. The energy storage compensation spring 8 is always in a compressed and pre-tightened state and always has the tendency to push the end block 6 and the inner column 7 down.

[0043] like Figures 6-8As shown, a one-way locking mechanism is provided at the lower part of the outer cylinder 5 for the inner column 7. It includes a support seat 10 welded to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 5. There are 4-6 support seats 10 evenly arranged around the circumference of the outer cylinder 5. The support seats 10 have an opening facing the inner column 7. A pin 11 is horizontally installed in the support seat 10. A chuck 12 is rotatably installed in the support seat 10 using the pin 11. The upper surface of the front end of the chuck 12 is a wedge-shaped inclined surface that can match the negative angle of the annular groove 9. The lower surface is a flat surface that leaves a gap with the annular groove 9. The chuck 12 has a pin 11 hole in the middle and is inclined downwards towards the inner column 7. When multiple circumferential jaws 12 are simultaneously engaged in the same annular groove 9, the inner column 7 is simultaneously restricted by multiple jaws 12. Since the jaws 12 are engaged in the annular groove 9 and the pin 11 is fixed to the outer cylinder 5, the jaws 12 cannot retract. Therefore, the inner column 7 cannot move upward and can only move downward in one direction, causing the jaws 12 to rotate downward. The weight of the housing 1 is transmitted sequentially through the outer cylinder 5 and the pin 11 to the upper inclined surface at the front end of the jaw 12. The upper inclined surface at the front end of the jaw 12 forms a wedge-shaped fit with the upper lip inclined surface of the annular groove 9 on the inner column 7, converting the vertical load into a component force that presses the jaws 12 deep into the annular groove 9, achieving gravity self-locking. The weight of the housing 1 is stably transmitted to the inner column 7 through the jaws 12. With the bottom of the inner column 7 supported, the housing 1 can be stably supported by the inner column 7. At this time, the energy storage compensation spring 8 plays the role of eliminating gaps.

[0044] The surface of the annular groove 9 is carburized and quenched to a hardness of HRC50-55. The front end of the claw 12 is made of 20CrMnTi material, also carburized and quenched to HRC55-60, capable of supporting the weight of the housing 1 without deformation. The wedge-shaped inclined surface of the front end of the claw 12 has an angle of 5°-10°, which is inclined downward relative to the horizontal plane, matching the negative angle inclined surface of the upper lip of the annular groove 9. This angle is less than the friction angle of carbon steel against carbon steel, ensuring reliable self-locking under static load. The heavier the housing 1, the tighter the claw 12 wedges in, preventing accidental dislodgement due to vibration.

[0045] like Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown, the tail of the chuck 12 is also equipped with a damping viscous structure, which can prevent accidental contact and avoid the inner column 7 from being lowered due to unexpected vibration. The damping viscous structure includes a damping rod 14 hinged to the tail end of the chuck 12 and a damping cylinder 15 hinged to the top of the support base 10. The damping cylinder 15 is provided with an annular sealed cavity, which is filled with methyl silicone oil with a viscosity of 50-100 cSt (40℃). The two ends of the cavity are provided with sealing end caps. The damping rod 14 can extend into the damping cylinder 15, and multiple O-rings are provided between the rod and the sealing hole of the end cap. A piston 16 is installed in the cavity of the damping cylinder 15. The piston 16 divides the inner cavity of the damping cylinder 15 into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The end of the damping rod 14 is connected to the piston 16, and 2-4 throttling holes are distributed on the piston 16. 7. The throttling orifice 17 is a tapered through hole with a diameter of 0.5-1.5mm. This means that when the damping rod 14 moves the piston 16, the oil must wait for it to flow through the throttling orifice 17, thus achieving a damping and viscous effect. Since the damping rod 14 is connected to the tail end of the pawl 12, this damping and viscous structure is sensitive to the swing speed of the pawl 12. When the pawl 12 is pushed slowly, the silicone oil has enough time to pass through the throttling orifice 17, and the damping force is small, allowing the pawl 12 to slowly retract. When the pawl 12 is pushed quickly, the silicone oil does not have enough time to pass through the throttling orifice 17, and the damping force increases sharply, locking the pawl 12 and preventing the inner column 7 from malfunctioning due to impact vibration. If the inner column 7 tends to move downwards at high speed due to severe external vibrations, the claw 12 can limit it. If the inner column 7 moves downwards slowly due to foundation settlement, it can overcome the limitation of the claw 12 and extend outwards to adapt to the settled ground, ensuring a stable support effect for the box 1.

[0046] like Figure 9 As shown, the tail end of the pawl 12 is also connected to a trigger spring 13 via a pin. The other end of the trigger spring 13 is connected to the bottom of the support base 10 via a pin. The trigger spring 13 is in a balanced state. When the pawl 12 rotates as the inner column 7 moves, the trigger spring 13 is stretched, thus generating a pulling force. After the inner column 7 finishes moving downward, the pawl 12 is rotated so that the pawl 12 engages in the next level annular groove 9, ensuring a rigid connection between the inner column 7 and the outer cylinder 5.

[0047] Multiple support units are distributed at the bottom of the box 1. The settlement of the foundation does not occur simultaneously. Usually, when slow settlement occurs at a single support unit, the box 1 will not immediately become unbalanced. Instead, it will be compensated by the support units adjacent to the settlement area. Therefore, the inner column 7 has enough time to move down and, after adapting to the foundation after settlement and regaining support, it will be locked again by the claw 12.

[0048] like Figure 10As shown, the bottom end of the inner column 7 is connected to the lower support rod, which is directly connected to the ground and is an extension of the inner column 7. It can transmit the force of the inner column 7. When the foundation settles, the inner column 7 moves down under the action of the energy storage compensation spring 8, so that the lower support rod adapts to the settlement and is supported on the foundation again to support the box 1.

[0049] like Figure 10 As shown, the lower support rod includes an inner sleeve 18 and an outer sleeve 19. The inner sleeve 18 is welded and fixed to the bottom end of the inner column 7, and its outer wall is machined with trapezoidal threads. An adjusting nut 20 is welded to the top of the outer sleeve 19. The adjusting nut 20 is a large-diameter hexagonal flange nut with trapezoidal threads machined in its inner hole, matching the threads on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 18. Therefore, the outer sleeve 19 can be adjusted using its threads to change the overall length of the outer sleeve 19 and the inner sleeve 18, adapting to uneven foundation conditions. When installing the substation, the enclosure 1 is first placed in the predetermined position by hoisting, so that the foot plates 24 initially contact the ground. Then, a level is placed on top of the enclosure 1. Starting from the support unit at the lowest point, the adjusting nuts 20 are rotated one by one with a wrench, so that the outer sleeve 19 extends downward relative to the inner sleeve 18, pushing the foot plates 24 into close contact with the ground. The level is observed after each support unit is adjusted until the enclosure 1 is level in all directions. Furthermore, a locking nut 21 is threadedly connected to the inner sleeve 18. A handle 22 is welded to the outer wall of the locking nut 21. After the outer sleeve 19 is adjusted to the correct position, the locking nut 21 is rotated by the handle 22 to tightly fit it against the adjusting nut 20. The friction between the two is used to achieve self-locking, ensuring the stable support effect of the outer sleeve 19 and the inner sleeve 18.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figure 10 As shown, the lower support rod also includes a foot plate 24 that is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the outer sleeve 19 via a ball joint seat 23. The ball socket of the ball joint seat 23 is connected to the bottom of the outer sleeve 19 via a flange, and the ball head of the ball joint seat 23 is welded to the center of the upper surface of the foot plate 24. The ball head and the ball socket form a spherical kinematic pair, which allows the foot plate 24 to be adjusted according to the specific slope of the foundation and to fit against the ground for support. A sealed dust cover is also provided for the ball joint seat 23 to cover and prevent dust from entering the ball joint seat 23. Furthermore, the outer periphery of the anchor plate 24 is provided with anchor hole sleeves, through which ground anchor rods 25 are inserted. The ground anchor rods 25 can be inserted into the foundation soil layer to provide pull-out anchoring force. The lower surface of the anchor plate 24 is also welded with anti-slip toothed plates 26. The lower surface of the anti-slip toothed plates 26 is provided with multiple parallel triangular sharp teeth, with a tooth height of 5-15mm and a tooth spacing of 20-50mm, distributed in a grid pattern. The anti-slip toothed plates 26 can make the anchor plate 24 firmly connected to the ground.

[0051] If the foundation settles slowly, the footplate 24 will be temporarily suspended. The support unit at this position loses its support effect on the box 1. At this time, under the action of the energy storage compensation spring 8, the inner column 7 overcomes the limit of the claw 12 and moves down. The inner column 7 drives the inner sleeve 18, the outer sleeve 19 and the footplate 24 to move down until the footplate 24 is stably pressed on the settled ground, and the claw 12 can be re-engaged into a certain level annular groove 9. The entire support unit returns to a balanced state and resumes its support effect on the box 1.

[0052] As an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 11-13 As shown, a ring seat 27 is welded and fixed to the bottom outer wall of the outer cylinder 5. Four mounting slots 28 are arranged in a ring on the top surface of the ring seat 27. Depending on the location of the support unit, an emergency support rod 30 is selectively installed on the ring seat 27 through the mounting slots 28. When the inner column 7 has fully extended, it indicates severe foundation settlement, and the emergency support rod 30 can be deployed for emergency support to prevent the box 1 from tilting. During optional installation, two emergency support rods 30 are installed in the support unit located at the corner of the box 1, and one emergency support rod 30 is installed in the support unit located on the side of the box 1. This ensures that the emergency support rod 30 can be neatly stored against the side wall of the box 1 under normal circumstances, without affecting the normal leveling and support work of the support unit.

[0053] like Figures 11-13 As shown, the mounting bracket 29 is fixed in the mounting slot 28 at the corresponding position by bolts. The emergency support rod 30 is installed in the mounting bracket 29 by rotating the shaft. The emergency support rod 30 is made of I-shaped steel and a horizontal plate is welded to one end near the shaft to form an L-shaped structure. When the power distribution substation is normally arranged, the emergency support rod 30 rotates upward to the side of the box 1. The horizontal plate obstructs the movement and keeps the emergency support rod 30 in a vertical position.

[0054] Slide grooves are provided on both sides of the card holder 29. A baffle 31 is slidably installed in the card holder 29 using the slide grooves. A limit spring 32 is installed in the slide groove. The limit spring 32 is in a pre-compressed state. Its elastic force can push the baffle 31 to the side of the slide groove closer to the emergency support rod 30. Thus, the baffle 31 acts on the horizontal plate to block it, thereby limiting the emergency support rod 30. An annular pressure plate 34 is fitted onto the outer wall of the outer cylinder 5. Four push rods 35 are distributed circumferentially around the pressure plate 34, facing the mounting groove 28. The pressure plate 34 is positioned above the assembled mounting seat 29. A pull ring 33 is integrally formed on the side of the baffle 31 away from the emergency support rod 30. A wedge with a downward slope is provided in the pull ring 33. When the pressure plate 34 falls, the push rod 35 lands on the wedge in the pull ring 33. Simultaneously, a protrusion 36 is fixed to one side of the inner column 7 with screws. A straight through groove is formed on the side wall of the outer cylinder 5, and the protrusion 36 is located within the straight through groove. When the inner column 7 settles to its limit position with the foundation, the protrusion 36 can act on the pressure plate 34, and the push rod... 35 then moves downwards and acts on the wedge of the pull ring 33. Its lower end contacts the inclined surface of the wedge in the pull ring 33. Through the inclined surface cooperation, the vertical movement of the push rod 35 is converted into the horizontal movement of the pull ring 33, pulling the baffle 31 away from the emergency support rod 30, releasing the restriction on the upper horizontal plate of the emergency support rod 30, so that the emergency support rod 30 rotates downwards under the action of gravity. The total length of the emergency support rod 30 in the fully extended state is greater than the current support height of the support unit. The design excess is about 50-100mm, so that it can contact the ground first after being extended. Emergency bearing is achieved through elastic bending deformation or pressing into the ground, preventing the box 1 from tilting excessively due to single-point instability, so that maintenance personnel have enough time to deal with it.

[0055] In use, the present invention is as follows: First, the substation enclosure 1 is hoisted and placed in the predetermined installation position, so that the base plates 24 at the bottom of each support unit initially contact the ground. The base plates 24 automatically adapt to the local terrain slope through the ball joint seat 23. The anti-slip toothed plates 26 on the lower surface of the base plates 24 are embedded in the ground surface to provide anti-slip friction. Then, a level is placed on top of the enclosure 1. Starting from the support unit at the lowest point, the adjusting nut 20 is rotated one by one with a wrench to drive the outer sleeve 19 to extend downward relative to the inner sleeve 18, so that the base plates... Plate 24 is in close contact with the ground. After adjusting each support unit, the level is observed until the enclosure 1 is level in all directions. Then, the locking nut 21 is turned by handle 22 to make it fit against the adjusting nut 20. The friction force is used to achieve self-locking to prevent the adjusting nut 20 from loosening. For sloping conditions, the ground anchor rods 25 on the outer perimeter of the foot plate 24 are driven into the deep soil of the foundation and the pressure plate 34 is locked to provide pull-out anchoring force. After the installation is completed, the power distribution substation is put into normal operation. The weight of the enclosure 1 is transferred through the rigid load-bearing base frame 2. The load is transferred to the grid-like steel frame structure formed by the longitudinal beams 3 and the transverse beams 4, and then to the outer cylinder 5 of each support unit. The outer cylinder 5 transfers the load to the claws 12 through the pins 11. The wedge-shaped inclined surface of the upper surface of the front end of the claw 12 forms a wedge-shaped fit with the upper lip inclined surface of the annular groove 9 on the outer wall of the inner column 7, converting the vertical load into a component force that presses the claw 12 deep into the annular groove 9 to achieve gravity self-locking. The weight of the box 1 is stably transferred to the inner column 7 through the claws 12, and then to the foundation through the inner sleeve 18, outer sleeve 19, ball joint seat 23 and foot plate 24. Energy storage compensation Spring 8 is always in a compressed and pre-tightened state to eliminate the gap between the claw 12 and the ring groove 9, ensuring that the enclosure 1 is stable and does not shake. This provides a stable installation platform for power electronic equipment such as active filters and static var generators made of power electronic components such as metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors, insulated gate bipolar transistor chips and modules inside the enclosure. It avoids the above-mentioned power electronic components from bearing additional mechanical stress due to uneven foundation settlement or vibration impact, thereby ensuring the stable performance and service life of their electrical components.When slow settlement occurs at a certain support unit due to urban underground engineering construction or soil consolidation, the footplate 24 is temporarily suspended, reducing the support force at that location. The lower end of the inner column 7 loses support, and the energy storage compensation spring 8 releases its elastic force, pushing the end block 6 and the inner column 7 downward. The upper lip of the annular groove 9 of the inner column 7 presses against the wedge-shaped inclined surface on the front end of the claw 12. Due to the slow settlement speed, the silicone oil in the damping cylinder 15 of the damping viscous structure has sufficient time to pass through the throttle orifice 17 on the piston 16, resulting in a smaller damping force on the tail end of the claw 12, allowing the claw 12 to rotate around the pin 11 from the current annular groove 9. The inner column 7 slides down into the next level annular groove 9 after disengaging from groove 9. The trigger spring 13 pulls the claw 12 back and engages it in the new annular groove 9, achieving unidirectional, step-by-step extension to compensate for foundation settlement. This allows the footplate 24 to be re-stabilized on the settled ground, restoring the entire support unit to equilibrium. The height of the housing 1 remains unchanged. When a severe impact occurs, such as an earthquake or the passage of a heavy vehicle, the inner column 7 experiences a rapid downward impact. The tail end of the claw 12 pushes the piston 16 to move rapidly within the damping cylinder 15 via the damping rod 14. Due to the viscous damping characteristics of silicone oil, the resistance increases exponentially with increasing speed. The silicone oil cannot pass through the throttle orifice 17 in time to lock the piston 16, and the damping rod 14 cannot pull the tail end of the pawl 12. The front end of the pawl 12 remains locked in the annular groove 9, locking the inner column 7, so that the outer cylinder 5 and the inner column 7 form a rigid whole to resist the impact load. When the inner column 7 of a single support unit extends to near the limit position due to long-term foundation settlement, the protrusion 36 fixed on the inner column 7 moves down with the inner column 7 to the bottom end of the straight through groove on the side wall of the outer cylinder 5. The protrusion 36 presses down on the annular pressure plate 34 fitted on the outer wall of the outer cylinder 5. The push rod 35 of the pressure plate 34 moves down and contacts the baffle. The inclined surface of the wedge block in the pull ring 31 (31) converts the vertical movement of the push rod 35 into the horizontal movement of the pull ring 33 through the inclined surface engagement, pulling the baffle 31 away from the emergency support rod 30, releasing the restriction on the upper horizontal plate of the emergency support rod 30. Under the action of gravity, the emergency support rod 30 rotates downward and unfolds around the axis. The total length of the fully unfolded emergency support rod 30 is greater than the current support height of the support unit. Its end preferentially contacts the ground and achieves emergency bearing through elastic bending deformation or pressing into the ground, preventing the box 1 from tilting excessively due to single-point instability, and providing maintenance personnel with sufficient time for emergency repair.

[0056] In the description of this disclosure, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure according to the specific circumstances. Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A distribution substation for large-scale urban power grid distribution, comprising a housing and a rigid load-bearing base frame disposed at the bottom of the housing, characterized in that: Multiple independent support units are distributed below the rigid load-bearing base frame, and each support unit includes an upper support rod and a lower support rod. The upper support rod includes an outer cylinder, an inner column, a claw, and an energy storage compensation spring. The outer cylinder is connected to the rigid bearing base frame. The inner column is slidably disposed in the outer cylinder and its lower end extends out of the outer cylinder and is connected to the lower support rod. The outer wall of the inner column is provided with multiple annular grooves along the axial direction. The pawl is rotatably mounted on the outer cylinder and engages with the annular grooves in a one-way manner. The energy storage compensation spring is disposed between the outer cylinder and the inner column and always maintains a preload force that pushes the inner column downward. The lower support rod includes an adjustable telescopic rod body for adjusting the support height and foot plates set at the bottom of the adjustable telescopic rod body. Each foot plate is omnidirectionally connected to the corresponding adjustable telescopic rod body through a ball joint seat.

2. A distribution substation for large-scale urban power grid distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rigid load-bearing base has multiple longitudinal beams and multiple transverse beams fixed to its bottom surface. The longitudinal beams and transverse beams are welded to form a grid-shaped steel frame. The support units are distributed below each longitudinal beam and installed close to the edge of the box.

3. A distribution substation for large-scale urban power grid distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable telescopic rod includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve. The inner sleeve is fixed to the bottom end of the inner column, and the outer sleeve is sleeved outside the inner sleeve. An adjusting nut is installed at the top of the outer sleeve, and the adjusting nut is threaded into the outer wall of the inner sleeve. The inner sleeve is also threaded with a locking nut. Rotating the adjusting nut drives the outer sleeve to extend or retract to adjust the height. Tightening the locking nut makes it fit the adjusting nut to achieve thread self-locking.

4. A distribution substation for large-scale urban power grid distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the front end of the claw is a wedge-shaped inclined surface that is inclined downward at 5°-10° relative to the horizontal surface, and the lower surface of the front end is a plane. The claw is inclined downward toward the inner column. The wedge-shaped inclined surface at the front end of the chuck and the inclined surface of the upper lip of the annular groove form a negative angle wedge fit to achieve gravity self-locking. The chuck is rotatably installed by a pin on the support seat on the inner wall of the outer cylinder. There are 4-6 chucks evenly arranged around the inner wall of the outer cylinder.

5. A distribution substation for large-scale urban power grid distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner column is fixed with a spring seat ring for installing the energy storage compensation spring. The top of the energy storage compensation spring is connected to the upper inner wall of the outer cylinder. The energy storage compensation spring is always in a compressed pre-tightened state to push the inner column downward and eliminate the fit gap between the claw and the ring groove.

6. A distribution substation for large-scale urban power grid distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail of the chuck is provided with a damping viscous structure, which includes a damping rod and a damping cylinder. One end of the damping rod is hinged to the tail end of the chuck, and the other end extends into the damping cylinder and is connected to the piston. The damping cylinder is hinged to the top of the support base and filled with methyl silicone oil. The piston divides the inner cavity of the damping cylinder into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. A throttling orifice is opened on the piston. When the pawl is pushed slowly, the silicone oil generates a small damping force through the throttling orifice, allowing it to yield. When the pawl is pushed quickly, the silicone oil cannot pass through the throttling orifice in time, causing the damping force to increase sharply and lock the pawl.

7. A distribution substation for large-scale urban power grid distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail end of the claw is connected to a trigger spring, and the other end of the trigger spring is connected to the support base. When the trigger spring is in a stretched state, after the inner column slides down and the claw disengages from the current annular groove, the trigger spring pulls the claw back and engages it in the next level annular groove, realizing the unidirectional step-by-step extension of the inner column.

8. A distribution substation for large-scale urban power grid distribution according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base plate is rotatably mounted on the bottom end of the outer sleeve via a ball joint seat. The ball joint seat includes a ball socket fixed to the bottom end of the outer sleeve and a ball head fixed to the center of the upper surface of the base plate. The ball head and the ball socket form a spherical kinematic pair. The lower surface of the footplate is equipped with anti-slip toothed plates, and the lower surface of the anti-slip toothed plates is equipped with multiple triangular sharp teeth. The outer periphery of the footplate is equipped with ground anchor rods for inserting into the foundation soil to provide pull-out anchoring force.

9. A distribution substation for large-scale urban power grid distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular seat is fixed to the outer wall of the bottom end of the outer cylinder. An installation groove is opened on the annular seat, and an emergency support rod is rotatably installed in the installation groove through a clamp. A baffle for limiting the emergency support rod is slidably installed on the mounting base. A limiting spring is provided between the baffle and the mounting base. A pressure plate is fitted on the outer wall of the outer cylinder. A push rod is provided around the pressure plate. A protrusion is fixed on the inner column. A straight through groove is opened on the side wall of the outer cylinder for the protrusion to pass through and move up and down with the inner column. When the inner column moves down to the limit position, the protrusion pushes the pressure plate, causing the push rod to drive the baffle to slide and release the limitation on the emergency support rod.

10. A distribution substation for large-scale urban power grid distribution according to claim 9, characterized in that: A horizontal plate is fixed to one end of the emergency support rod near the pivot. Under the action of the limiting spring, the baffle extends into the movement path of the horizontal plate to prevent the emergency support rod from flipping downward. A pull ring with a wedge-shaped inclined surface is provided on the side of the baffle away from the emergency support rod. When the push rod moves down with the pressure plate, it contacts the wedge-shaped inclined surface of the pull ring and converts the vertical movement into horizontal movement. Pulling the baffle releases the limiting, and the emergency support rod flips downward and unfolds under the action of gravity. Its total length after unfolding is greater than the current support height of the support unit, and the end first contacts the ground to achieve emergency bearing.

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