Hinge for a pivot-mounted door

Abstract

Hinge for a rotatably mounted door (11), comprising a fixed hinge part, a wing hinge part (2) pivotable about the fixed hinge part, and a pivot axis (7) encompassing the fixed hinge part and the wing hinge part (2), wherein the pivot axis (7) interacts with an opening and / or closing damping mechanism, and wherein the opening and / or closing damping mechanism is formed by at least one damper (22) interacting with the pivot axis (7), characterized in that the damper (22) is arranged eccentrically on the pivot axis (7), such that the damper (22) moves out of a longitudinal axis (XX) when the door is rotated about the pivot axis (7).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a hinge for a rotatably mounted door, comprising a fixed hinge part, a leaf hinge part pivotable about the fixed hinge part and a rotation axis passing through the fixed hinge part and the leaf hinge part.

[0002] To influence the opening and closing behavior of a swing door, door closers are usually used. These can be installed invisibly in the floor or visibly attached to the door frame. With these door closers, adjustable damping can be achieved in the end position of opening or closing. The door closers can also enable functions such as holding the door open or closing automatically. Typically, the majority of these door closers are only suitable for opening the swing door in one direction. For swing doors, special measures are required to enable the door closer to function in both directions. A particular disadvantage is that, especially with glass doors, the door closers are either visible or have to be installed in the floor, which is very complex because the floor has to be pried open to make room for the floor spring.

[0003] DE 10 2007 060 302 A1 discloses a hinge, particularly for glass swing doors, comprising a fixed hinge part, a leaf hinge part pivotable about the fixed hinge part, a pivot axis extending through the fixed hinge part and the leaf hinge part, on which a cam with at least one recess is arranged, and a force-loaded roller that interacts with the cam. To achieve precise adjustability of the zero position of the door, the roller is arranged so as to be adjustable orthogonally to the longitudinal axis of the hinge. Furthermore, WO 2007 / 125524 A1 discloses a hinge according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0004] The object of the invention is to provide a pivoting door with hinges which does not have these disadvantages.

[0005] The invention solves the stated problem by the teaching of claim 1. Further advantageous features of the invention are characterized by the subclaims.

[0006] According to the technical teaching of claim 1, a swing door is created that is attached to a wall, frame, or side wall via a hinge. According to the invention, the door has a hinge with a damping mechanism for opening or closing, thus eliminating the need for an expensive and potentially visible door closer. The door can be attached to a wall, frame, or side wall via a single hinge. This single hinge bears the entire weight of the door and incorporates an integrated damping mechanism for opening or closing.

[0007] According to an advantageous development, the door has a hinge with a hold-open or close function. This eliminates the need for a locking device arranged on a frame and a door closer.

[0008] Advantageously, the door can be pivoted using one or more hinges. The hinge can be combined with another hinge, so that the door is suspended in the traditional way on two hinges. The hinge only serves to bear part of the door's weight, while the hinge acts as a dampener during opening and / or closing, and / or as a hold-open and / or hold-close function.

[0009] In the case of two hinged hinges, the existing door closer can be replaced by the hinge according to the invention, which can then be arranged between the hinged hinges.

[0010] A further improvement is achieved when both the hinge and the functional hinge are designed as swing door hinges. This eliminates the need for a floor spring with a swing function. The difference between existing swing door hinges and this inventive combination is that the swing function is dampened, preventing the door from swinging back and forth beyond the neutral position.

[0011] According to the invention, the opening and / or closing damping of the hinge is provided by at least one damper that interacts with the rotational axis. The damper dampens the rotational movement of the door by absorbing the kinetic energy. In a preferred embodiment, the damper comprises a piston that moves a fluid or gas between two pressure chambers within a cylinder. This allows for the creation of a very small and effective damper that, due to its size, can be easily integrated into the dimensions of a hinge.

[0012] The eccentric arrangement of the damper on the pivot axis results in a damping function that depends on the door opening angle and the deflection of the damper on the axis. At a small door opening angle, the damping is minimal and barely noticeable to the user. At a large door opening angle, the damping is correspondingly greater, so that the door does not swing back and forth beyond the neutral position.

[0013] In an advantageous design, the damper can be arranged eccentrically and pivotally on the rotation axis with one end, and pivotally attached to or within the fixed band section with the other end. The eccentric arrangement of the damper on the rotation axis allows for the torque and damping travel to be influenced, which in turn affects the damping effect. The thickness of the band is determined by the magnitude of the eccentricity, which must be limited from a design perspective.

[0014] The arrangement of the damper(s) within a damper cartridge allows for easy replacement of this component. Furthermore, the damper cartridge can be equipped with one or more dampers, depending on the desired damping effect. The advantage for the installer or end user is that no special tools or specialist knowledge are required to replace a damaged damper or to adapt it to the circumstances with a higher damping effect. For the hinge manufacturer, this results in the advantage of cost-effective production, as a hinge can be equipped with different dampers without any design changes, making the hinge suitable for different door widths and weights. Only the damper needs to be adjusted to the door size.

[0015] It is particularly advantageous if the damper cartridge has a stop that interacts with the rotation axis. This has the advantage that each damper, despite being integrated into a damper cartridge, does not have to be separately and laboriously attached to the rotation axis. The stop can interact with a cam located on the rotation axis. The cam, in turn, adjusts the required eccentricity, and thus the torque or damping travel.

[0016] The stop can have a flat, convex, or concave stop surface, with the design of the stop surface, in turn, being able to increase or decrease the eccentricity. The design of the stop surface provides an additional variable for combining a single belt with different dampers or damper cartridges for different applications.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the dampers are designed as closing dampers, which absorb the kinetic energy when compressed. For this to happen, a counterforce must be applied so that the stop is constantly pressed against the cam. A cost-effective option is to equip the damper cartridge with a compression spring that presses the stop against the cam. This ensures that the stop and cam are in constant contact.

[0018] To create a swing door hinge, an advantageous embodiment provides for the open and closed holding function to be generated by a locking device arranged on the pivot axis. This locking device makes it possible to hold the door in predetermined positions, preventing it from swinging back and forth due to wind loads, for example. It is also possible to use the locking device to hold the door open, for example, at an opening angle of 90°, without a possible closing function always moving the door to the neutral or closed position.

[0019] A cost-effective design of the invention provides that the locking device is formed by a cam arranged on the rotation axis with a recess that interacts with a force-loaded roller. This embodiment offers the advantage of allowing the use of inexpensive standard components.

[0020] The arrangement of the opening and closing damping above and / or below the locking device on the rotation axis enables a compact design of the hinge.

[0021] A further improvement is achieved by installing an overload protection device on the stop. This prevents damage or destruction to the dampers. In a preferred embodiment, the overload protection device is designed as a leaf spring, which deforms under excessive forces.

[0022] Further advantages and embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below using several schematically illustrated embodiments. The same reference numerals are used for identical components.

[0023] They show: Fig. 1 : a door with hinges, Fig. 2 : a perspective view of the ligament, Fig. 3 : a sectional view of the hinge according to a first embodiment, Fig. 4 : a partial section of the hinge according to a first embodiment, Fig. 5 : a perspective view of a second embodiment, Fig. 6 : a perspective view of a second embodiment, Fig. 7 : a sectional view of the second embodiment, Fig. 8 : a perspective view of a damper cartridge, Fig. 9 : another embodiment of a damper cartridge, Fig. 10 : another embodiment of a joint band, Fig. 11 : a detailed view of an attack.

[0024] In Fig. 1 shows a door 11 that is mounted on a wall 12 by means of a hinge 1. The door 11 can be attached to the wall 12, a frame, or a side panel exclusively with a single hinge 1. Alternatively, the door 11 can also be pivotally mounted on a hinge 10 and a hinge 1.

[0025] Another alternative arises when an existing door closer is to be replaced by a hinge 1. In this case, the door 11 is pivotally mounted on two existing hinges 10, between which the hinge 1 is arranged.

[0026] Furthermore, the door 11 can be designed as a swing door, so that the hinges 10 and the hinge 1 are also designed as swing door hinges. However, the door 11 can also be attached to a wall 12, frame, or side panel using two functional hinges 1.

[0027] In particular, in the case of a glass door, the use of the invention enables a transparent design of an all-glass system, which cannot be realized with conventional door closers.

[0028] The joint band 1 according to Fig. 2 has a fixed hinge part, referred to here as a bearing block 20, and a sash hinge part 2. A screw plate 21 is attached to the bearing block 20, with which the hinge 1 is fastened to a wall or wall structure (not shown). Instead of the bearing block 20, the hinge 1 can also have an additional hinge plate for fastening to a glass pane or a wall element.

[0029] The leaf hinge part 2 comprises at least a first clamping plate 3 and a second clamping plate 4, which clamp a door element (not shown) or a glass door by means of fastening means 5. Sealing and / or damping plates 6 are arranged between the clamping plates 3, 4 and a glass pane in order to grip the wooden or glass door leaf as gently as possible. Decorative cover caps 29 can be arranged on both sides of the bearing block 20. A gap 55 is arranged between the bearing block 20 and the clamping plates 3, 4 so that the components do not touch when the door is operated. To prevent injuries, the end of the bearing block 20 facing the gap 55 is rounded.

[0030] As in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, a pivot axis 7 is fastened in a rotationally fixed manner to the first clamping plate 3. The pivot axis 7 forms the rotation or pivot axis of the hinge 1. The pivot axis 7 is fastened to the first clamping plate 3 with pins 7a and fixed in a rotationally fixed manner using fastening means such as caulked rivets or screws. The pivot axis 7 is fixed and mounted in the bearing block 20 via the locks 9. When the door is opened, the leaf hinge part 2 with the pivot axis 7 rotates about the pivot axis 7, with the bearing block 20 being fixed to a wall, frame or a fixed side panel. A damper 22 comprises at least one piston 23 and a cylinder 24, with one end of the piston 23 being eccentrically pivotally attached to the pivot axis 7 via a pin 8. The other end of the piston 23 inserts into the cylinder 24. One end of the cylinder 24 is also pivotally attached to or in the damper mount 25.The damper mount 25 is secured by means of a lock 27 in the bearing block 20 or on the mounting plate 21. When the rotation axis 7 is rotated, the eccentrically mounted pin 8 pivots about the rotation axis of the band 1, so that the piston 23 moves out of the cylinder 24 and the damper 22 rotates out of the longitudinal axis = zero position of the hinge band XX.

[0031] The damper 22 can be equipped with an opening and / or damping function, which reduces the speed to one of the end positions. However, the damper 22 can also be equipped with an opening or closing control, which, for example, always returns the door from the open position to the closed position or provides a hold-open function. Depending on the application, the damper 22 can be equipped with air or oil damping, an eddy-current brake, or a hysteresis brake.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the dampers 22 are designed as closing dampers, so that the door is damped when moving to the neutral position or when closing. For this purpose, the dampers 22 are designed so that only a small force is applied when the pistons 23 extend from the cylinder 24, allowing the user to open the door easily.

[0033] When the door is closed, the pistons 23 move into the cylinder 24 and generate a great force, so that the door is dampened in the neutral position or when closing. This has the effect that if a normal door moves against a stop or seal, the door cannot be damaged. With a swing door, this prevents it from opening with momentum in the other direction and swinging back and forth. In this preferred embodiment, the dampers 22 are filled with a fluid or gas which is moved back and forth between two pressure chambers when the damper is actuated. By using valves or specially designed seals, the fluid or gas is moved between the pressure chambers with little resistance in only one direction - here when the piston 23 is pulled out of the cylinder 24 - while great resistance is generated in the other direction.

[0034] Each rotation or actuation of the door about the rotation axis 7 of the hinge 1 causes the piston 23 to extend from the cylinder 24, whereby the damper 22 moves out of the longitudinal axis XX due to the eccentric arrangement on the rotation axis 7. In this exemplary embodiment, two dampers 22 are arranged vertically one above the other in the bearing block 20. However, only one damper 22 or, depending on the space available, several dampers 22 can be arranged. Alternatively, the dampers 22 can also be arranged side by side, although this would make the hinge 1 thicker.

[0035] Hinge 1 in this embodiment is designed as a swing door hinge, allowing the door 11 to be opened from both sides. Any mechanical opening limiter on the pivot axis 7 can prevent damage to the dampers 22. This hinge 1 can also be used as a standard hinge for doors with a stop, whereby a mechanical opening limiter can also be provided for this application.

[0036] The rotary axis 7 can be constructed in one or more parts. In this embodiment, the rotary axis 7 is constructed in one piece, with the rotary axis 7 having recesses for receiving the pistons 23. In Fig. 4 again shows the gap 55 between the clamping plates 3, 4 and the bearing block 20. The rounded front edge of the bearing block 20 minimizes the risk of crushing and pinching.

[0037] In the second embodiment according to the Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, a locking device is combined with the previously described damping device. A locking device in a swing door hinge has the function of holding the door in a specific open position, e.g., at a 90° door opening angle, and / or securely closing the door and positioning it in the zero position. For this purpose, the locking device comprises at least one cam 30, which is arranged on the rotation axis 7, and a counterpressure device, e.g., in the form of a roller 33, which is pressed against the cam 30 by a spring 36. In this exemplary embodiment, the cam 30 interacts with a roller 33, whereby the surfaces of the cam 30 and the roller 33 roll against one another when the hinge 1 is actuated. A recess 31 is arranged in the cam 30, which can at least partially accommodate a circular section of the roller 33. Furthermore, one or more recesses 32, which also interact with the roller 33, can be arranged on the circumference of the cam 30.

[0038] The cam 30 can be constructed in one or more parts with the rotational axis 7. In this exemplary embodiment, the cam 30 is constructed in one piece with the rotational axis 7, with the cam 30 being integrally connected to the rotational axis 7.

[0039] The roller 33 is rotatably mounted on a roller piston 34 by means of a bolt (not shown). The roller piston 34, in turn, is arranged in an actuating cylinder 35 for axial movement. A force acts against the roller piston 34 in the axial direction, so that the roller 33 is pressed against the cam 30. The force can be applied by a spring 36 or hydraulically or pneumatically. In this exemplary embodiment, the roller piston 34 is designed on one side as a pot, into which the spring 36 at least partially engages and is guided. The spring 36 is supported on a closure 27, which is arranged and fastened on or in the screw-on plate 21.

[0040] In the zero position of the door, the roller 33 lies in the recess 31 of the cam 30. When the door is opened, since the bearing block 20 is fastened to a wall via the screw plate 21, the clamping plates 3, 4 rotate with the door around the axis of rotation 7 of the hinge 1. Since the axis of rotation 7 is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner via fastening means within the first clamping plate 3, the axis of rotation rotates within the bearing block 20, with the cam 30 rolling with its surface on the surface of the rotating roller 33. The roller 33 is pressed against the spring 36 by the roller piston 34 and comes out of the recess 31 during this rotational movement. A further recess 32 can be arranged at a 90° angle to the recess 31, so that the door remains in this intermediate position. These or several locking recesses 32 can be arranged distributed to any extent on the cam 30, depending on the intermediate positions in which the door is to remain open.If the door is closed with force, the pivot axis 7 rotates with the cam 30 until the roller 30 returns to the recess 31. Depending on the magnitude of the spring force, the cam 30 and the recess 31 can be moved back and forth several times, with the roller 33 passing over the recess 31 of the cam 30 until the torque from the spring force and the force of the damper 22 is greater than the remaining torque of the door.

[0041] The damper(s) 22 according to this second embodiment are essentially arranged in a damper cartridge 41, which has a stop 42 with a stop surface 43, wherein the stop surface 43 interacts with a cam 40. In this embodiment, one damper cartridge is arranged above and one below the locking device. Depending on the application, it may also be possible to arrange only one damper cartridge next to the locking device. The arrangement of the damper cartridges 41 on the rotation axis 7 can also be arbitrary. The damper cartridge 41 can accommodate at least one or more dampers 22, wherein the cylinders 24 of the dampers are overmolded or encased in plastic in a preferred embodiment. A stop 42 is connected to the pistons 23 of the dampers 22. The stop 42 can have a flat, convex, or concave stop surface 43, which interacts with the surface of the cam 40.The geometry of the stop surface 43 depends on the desired damping effect. Since the dampers 22 function as closing dampers, the stop 42 must be pressed against the cam 40 against the damping force. This is achieved by one or more springs 45, which press the stop surface 43 against the surface of the cam 40. When the door is closed, the roller 33 of the locking device engages the recess 31 of the cam 30. To prevent the door from continuously swinging back and forth until the door's kinetic energy is dissipated, the damper(s) dampens the rotary movement of the door so that the roller 33 of the locking device no longer comes out of the recess 31 of the cam 30. The door thus remains in its zero position.

[0042] The arrangement of the dampers 22 in a damper cartridge 41 is shown in Fig. 8 is shown again. In this exemplary embodiment, three dampers 22 are shown with their pistons 23 and cylinders 24, which are inserted into a damper cartridge 41. The connection between the stop 42 and the dampers 22 is established via pins 8. Springs 45 are arranged between the stop 42 and the damper cartridge 41, which allow the pistons 23 to extend from the cylinders 24. In this exemplary embodiment, an overload protection 44 is arranged on the front side of the stop 42, the stop surface 43 of which interacts with the cam 40. The overload protection 44 prevents the destruction of the dampers 22 if the door 11 is operated with excessive force. In this exemplary embodiment, the overload protection 44 is designed as a leaf spring, which deforms when overloaded.

[0043] The arrangement of the dampers 22 in a damper cartridge 41 has the advantage that they can be replaced as a module without extensive assembly and adjustment effort. Furthermore, the damper cartridges 41 can be combined according to door size and weight. For example, a small door would require only one damper cartridge 41 with two dampers 22, while a large door would require one damper cartridge 41 with four dampers 22. The hinge can thus be variably equipped for a variety of doors of different sizes and weights, without the need for specialist personnel.

[0044] A further embodiment of an arrangement of the dampers 22 in a damper cartridge 41 is shown in Fig. 9. This embodiment shows three dampers 22 with their pistons 23 and cylinders 24, which are inserted into a damper cartridge 41. Here, too, the connection between the stop 42 and the dampers 22 is established via pins 8. Springs 45 are arranged between the stop 42 and the damper cartridge 41, which allow the pistons 23 to extend from the cylinders 24. Sliders 48 are arranged laterally on the stop 42 to ensure low-friction guidance. In this embodiment, the overload protection 44 is arranged behind the cylinder 24, between a baffle plate 46 and a closure 47. This embodiment shows an overload protection made of plastic that deforms elastically. The cylinders 24 rest with their bases on the baffle plate 46. The closure 47 closes the damper cartridge 41.The stop 42, mounted with the dampers 22 combined in the damper cartridge 41, creates a finished damper magazine 49, which can be inserted into a belt 1 in various configurations.

[0045] Volume 1 after Fig. 10 is pivoted 90° to the side, revealing the front of an angular bearing block 20. After removing a cover cap 29, which in this embodiment encloses the bearing block in a U-shape on three sides, a panel 51 can be removed, revealing at least one damper insert 50. This damper insert 50 is designed as an opening for inserting or removing a complete damper magazine 49. This allows the belt to be equipped with different dampers in just a few simple steps, allowing the replacement of damaged dampers or adaptation to different requirements without the need for specialist personnel.

[0046] Since in this embodiment the bearing block 20 has an angular contour, there is a risk of injury during the rotational movement of the door if a finger enters the gap 55 between the bearing block 20 and the leaf hinge part 2. In order to cover the gap 55, the gap 55 is covered with a stop 52, which Fig.11 essentially consists of a support 53 with a buffer 54. The buffer 54 is designed at an acute angle from an elastic material and is arranged with its tip towards the bearing block 20. This closes the gap 55 so that reaching into it is no longer possible. The geometric design of the buffer 54 and its elastic behavior create a visually completely closed belt surface. The stop 52 can consist of a material combination, whereby the support 53 can be made of a hard material such as plastic or metal, and the buffer 54 can be made of a soft material such as rubber or plastic. List of reference symbols 1 volume 2 sash hinge part 3 first clamping plate 4 second clamping plate 5 fasteners 6 sealing and / or damping plates 7 axis of rotation 7a cone 8 pin 9 Closure 10 joint band 11 Door 12 Wall 20 bearing block 21 Mounting plate 22 dampers 23 pistons 24 cylinders 25 Damper mount 27 Closure 29 Cover cap 30 cam 31 Deepening 32 recess 33 roll 34 roller pistons 35 actuating cylinders 36 spring 40 cam 41 damper cartridge 42 stop 43 Stop surface 44 Overload protection 45 Return spring 46 baffle plate 47 Closure 48 damper magazine 50 damper insert 51 cladding 52 stop 53 carriers 54 buffers 55 gap XX Longitudinal axis

Claims

[1] Hinge for a pivotally mounted door (11), comprising a fixed hinge part, a leaf hinge part (2) pivotable about the fixed hinge part and a pivot axis (7) passing through the fixed hinge part and the leaf hinge part (2), wherein the pivot axis (7) cooperates with an opening and / or closing damping, and wherein the opening and / or closing damping is formed by at least one damper (22) which cooperates with the pivot axis (7), characterized by that the damper (22) is arranged eccentrically on the axis of rotation (7), so that the damper (22) moves out of a longitudinal axis (XX) when the door rotates about the axis of rotation (7). [2] Hinge for a pivotally mounted door (11) according to claim 1, characterized by that the damper (22) has a piston (23) which moves a fluid or gas between two pressure chambers within a cylinder (24). [3] Hinge for a pivotally mounted door (11) according to claim 1, characterized bythat the damper (22) is arranged with one end eccentrically and pivotally on the axis of rotation (7) and is pivotally attached with the other end to or in the fixed band part.

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