BATTERY CELL, BATTERY PACK AND VEHICLE

Abstract

A battery cell (100) comprises a housing (10), an electrode core (20), and a venting element (30). A liquid injection port (13) is provided in the housing (10). The venting element (30) is located within the housing (10) and is situated between the electrode core (20) and an inner side wall of the housing (10). The venting element (30) is provided with a first venting port (32) and a second venting port (33) extending through it, as well as a venting chamber (34) that communicates with the first venting port (32) and the second venting port (33).

Description

Cells, battery packs, and vehicles

[0001] Priority information

[0002] This application claims priority and benefits of patent application No. 202311162742X filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on September 11, 2023, and the entire text of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present invention relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a single cell, a battery pack and a vehicle. Background Art

[0004] Lithium-ion batteries are a common type of battery. During the electrolyte injection and formation processes, gases are introduced or generated within the battery. If the airflow within the battery is poor, it will be difficult to effectively extract the gas during the negative pressure pumping process, thus affecting the consistency of the battery's internal pressure and electrochemical performance.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present invention provide a single cell, a battery pack, and a vehicle to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] A single cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0008] A housing having a receiving cavity formed therein and a liquid injection port communicating with the receiving cavity formed on the housing;

[0009] a pole core, the pole core being accommodated in the accommodation cavity, and;

[0010] A vent piece is located in the accommodating cavity and between the pole core and the side wall of the accommodating cavity. The vent piece is provided with a first vent hole, a vent cavity and a second vent hole. The vent cavity is connected to the accommodating cavity through the first vent hole and is connected to the liquid injection port through the second vent hole.

[0011] The above-mentioned single cell is provided with a vent, so that the gas mixed and / or generated in the pole core can enter the vent cavity through the first vent hole, and reach the liquid injection port through the vent cavity and the second vent hole, thereby effectively discharging the gas in the single cell during the negative pressure pumping process, thereby improving the consistency of the internal pressure of each single cell and the electrochemical performance.

[0012] In some embodiments, the shell includes two first cover plates arranged along a first direction and a frame connecting the two first cover plates along the first direction, the liquid filling port is arranged on one of the first cover plates, the single battery includes an explosion-proof valve, the explosion-proof valve is arranged on the other first cover plate, and the vent is located between the pole core and the inner surface of the frame.

[0013] In certain embodiments, along the first direction, a ratio of the length of the ventilator to the length of the accommodating cavity is selected from the range of [50%, 100%].

[0014] In certain embodiments, along the second direction, a ratio of the height of the ventilator to the height of the accommodating cavity is selected from the range of [0.1%, 10%].

[0015] In certain embodiments, along the third direction, a ratio of the width of the ventilator to the width of the accommodating cavity is selected from the range of [50%, 100%].

[0016] In certain embodiments, the housing includes a second cover plate, the single battery includes an explosion-proof valve, the liquid injection port and the explosion-proof valve are both provided on the second cover plate, and the vent is located between the pole core and the second cover plate.

[0017] In some embodiments, the ventilator is provided with a third ventilating hole communicating with the ventilating cavity, and along the thickness direction of the ventilator, the third ventilating hole is correspondingly communicated with the first ventilating hole.

[0018] In certain embodiments, a support member is disposed within the ventilation cavity, and the support member connects at least two opposite side walls of the ventilation cavity.

[0019] In certain embodiments, the cross-section of the ventilation cavity is rectangular, and the support members are cross-connected and respectively connected to two pairs of diagonal corners of the rectangle.

[0020] In some embodiments, the single battery includes a liquid-repellent layer, and the liquid-repellent layer is disposed on a sidewall of the vent cavity.

[0021] A battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the single battery described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0022] In the battery pack described above, by providing a vent, the gas mixed in and / or generated in the electrode core can enter the vent cavity through the first vent hole, and reach the liquid filling port through the vent cavity and the second vent hole, thereby effectively discharging the gas in the single cell during the negative pressure pumping process, thereby improving the consistency of the internal pressure of each single cell and the electrochemical performance.

[0023] A vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the battery pack described in the above embodiment.

[0024] In the above-mentioned vehicle, by providing a vent, the gas mixed and / or generated in the pole core can enter the vent cavity through the first vent hole, and reach the liquid injection port through the vent cavity and the second vent hole, thereby effectively discharging the gas in the single cell during the negative pressure pumping process, thereby improving the consistency of the internal pressure of each single cell and the electrochemical performance.

[0025] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments with reference to the following drawings, in which:

[0027] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is an enlarged view of portion A in Figure 1;

[0029] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a ventilator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] FIG4 is an enlarged view of portion B in FIG3 ;

[0031] FIG5 is a cross-sectional view of CC in FIG1 ;

[0032] FIG6 is an enlarged view of portion D in FIG5 ;

[0033] FIG7 is another schematic structural diagram of a single cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] FIG8 is another schematic structural diagram of a ventilator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] FIG9 is another structural schematic diagram of a ventilator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] FIG10 is another structural schematic diagram of the ventilator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] FIG11 is a columnar schematic diagram of the internal pressure distribution of a conventional single battery before leaving the factory in the related art;

[0038] FIG12 is a columnar schematic diagram of the internal pressure distribution of a single battery with a vent before leaving the factory according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, removable connections, or integral connections. They may refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections. They may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary, and they may refer to internal communication between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0043] The disclosure herein provides many different embodiments or examples for realizing different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and settings of specific examples are described herein. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and / or reference letters in different examples, and such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0044] Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 3, a single cell 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a shell 10, a pole core 20, and a vent 30. A housing 12 is formed in the shell 10. A liquid injection port 13 connected to the housing 12 is provided on the shell 10. The pole core 20 is accommodated in the housing 12. The vent 30 is located in the housing 12 and between the pole core 20 and the side wall of the housing 12. The vent 30 is provided with a first vent hole 32, a vent cavity 34, and a second vent hole 33. The vent cavity 34 is connected to the housing 12 through the first vent hole 32 and is connected to the liquid injection port 13 through the second vent hole 33.

[0045] The above-mentioned single cell 100 is provided with a vent 30, so that the gas mixed and / or generated in the pole core 20 can enter the vent cavity 34 through the first vent hole 32, and reach the liquid injection port 13 through the vent cavity 34 and the second vent hole 33, thereby effectively discharging the gas in the single cell 100 during the negative pressure pumping process, thereby improving the consistency of the internal pressure and the electrochemical performance of each single cell 100.

[0046] Specifically, in the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the shell 10 may be rectangular in shape. The accommodating cavity 12 formed in the shell 10 may also be rectangular in shape. A liquid injection port 13 may be provided at one end of the shell 10. The liquid injection port 13 is connected to the accommodating cavity 12. The pole core 20 may match the accommodating cavity 12 and be arranged in the accommodating cavity 12. The vent 30 may be plate-shaped. The vent 30 may be arranged between the pole core 20 and the side wall of the accommodating cavity 12. A ventilation cavity 34 may be formed in the vent 30. A first ventilation hole 32 may be provided on the side of the vent 30 close to the pole core 20. A plurality of first ventilation holes 32 may be arranged in an array on the vent 30. The first ventilation hole 32 may be connected to the accommodating cavity 12. Second ventilation holes 33 may be provided at both ends of the vent 30. The second ventilation hole 33 may be connected to the liquid injection port 13. In one embodiment, when the electrode core 20 within the single cell 100 lacks electrolyte, electrolyte can be injected through the injection port 13. A portion of the electrolyte can enter the vent cavity 34 through the second vent hole 33 and finally enter the electrode core 20 through the first vent hole 32. In one embodiment, when the electrode core 20 within the single cell 100 lacks electrolyte, electrolyte can be injected through the injection port 13 and then enter the electrode core 20 through the injection channel (not shown) within the housing 10. In one embodiment, the electrode core 20 within the single cell 100 needs to be negatively pressurized before the single cell 100 is shipped. By providing the vent 30, gases mixed and generated in the electrode core 20 can enter the vent cavity 34 through the first vent hole 32 and then pass through the vent cavity 34 and the second vent hole 33 to reach the injection port 13. Thus, during the negative pressure pumping process, gases within the single cell 100 are effectively discharged, thereby improving the consistency of the internal pressure and electrochemical performance of each single cell 100.

[0047] It should be noted, referring to Figures 11 and 12, that the vacuum pumping process performed on the single cell 100 before shipment is intended to extract gases from the electrolyte within the core 20. This gas is either mixed in during the electrolyte injection process or released from the electrolyte. By installing a vent 30 within the single cell 100, the core 20 can quickly reach a set or theoretical negative pressure within a certain period of time during the vacuum pumping process. Furthermore, poor internal pressure consistency within the core 20 can lead to variations in the overall thickness of the core 20. The installation of the vent 30 improves the fluidity of the gas within the core 20. Within a certain vacuum pumping time, the pressure difference between different locations within the same core 20 is significantly reduced, allowing different cores 20 to reach similar negative pressure values. This significantly improves the consistency of the internal pressure within the core 20 and also ensures that the thickness of the core 20 is more consistent. During the use of the core 20, the risk of abnormal local pressure increases due to local gas blockage is reduced, thereby improving the safety of the core 20.

[0048] In addition, in Figure 4, the vent 30 also includes a snap-on structure 35. The snap-on structure 35 can be provided at the end of the vent 30. The snap-on structure 35 can be provided with a snap-on hole 36. In Figure 6, the single battery 100 also includes a spacer 40. The spacer 40 can be provided at the end of the single battery 100. In one embodiment, when the vent 30 is installed in the shell 10, the vent 30 can be first loaded into the accommodating cavity 12, and then the vent 30 can be snapped onto the spacer 40 through the snap-on hole 36, thereby achieving fixed installation of the vent 30. The single battery 100 also includes an insulating film 50. The insulating film 50 can be provided between the shell 10 and the vent 30. The insulating film 50 can be used to separate the pole of the single battery 100 and the shell 10.

[0049] In the embodiment shown in FIG1 , the single cell 100 is in a normal use placement state. The normal use placement state means that the single cell 100 is placed on its side, and the side surface of the single cell 100 with a smaller area along the length direction of the single cell 100 is arranged at the bottom of the single cell 100. The vent 30 is located at the top of the pole core 20 and is arranged between the top of the pole core 20 and the side wall of the accommodating cavity 12 near the top of the pole core 20. In one embodiment, when the single cell 100 is in normal use, the electrolyte can accumulate in the accommodating cavity 12 near the bottom of the pole core 20, and the gas in the accommodating cavity 12 or the gas precipitated from the electrolyte can move toward the top of the pole core 20. The gas can enter the vent cavity 34 through the first vent hole 32 and finally be discharged from the second vent hole 33, thereby avoiding abnormal local pressure in the pole core 20 and further improving the safety performance of the pole core 20.

[0050] Referring to Figures 1 and 2 , in certain embodiments, the housing 10 includes two first cover plates 14 arranged along a first direction and a frame 15 connecting the two first cover plates 14 along the first direction. The liquid injection port 13 is provided on one of the first cover plates 14. The battery cell 100 includes an explosion-proof valve 60. The explosion-proof valve 60 is provided on the other first cover plate 14. The vent 30 is located between the electrode core 20 and the inner surface of the frame 15.

[0051] In this way, the vent 30 can conduct the gas inside the entire pole core 20 in the accommodating cavity 12, reducing the risk of local pressure increase, thereby reducing the risk of abnormal opening of the explosion-proof valve 60.

[0052] Specifically, the single cell 100 may include a blade battery. The blade battery may be rectangular in shape. In Figure 1, the first direction may be the length direction of the single cell 100, which can be represented by L. The shell 10 includes a first cover plate 14 and a frame body 15. Two first cover plates 14 may be provided. The first cover plates 14 may be provided at both ends of the shell 10 along the L direction. The two ends of the frame body 15 along the L direction may be connected to the first cover plate 14, and may be enclosed with the first cover plate 14 to form a accommodating cavity 12. The liquid filling port 13 may be provided on one first cover plate 14 near the top of the shell 10. The explosion-proof valve 60 may be provided on the other first cover plate 14 near the top of the shell 10. Both the liquid filling port 13 and the explosion-proof valve 60 may be provided at a position near the second vent hole 33. In one embodiment, the vent 30 can be disposed between the electrode core 20 and the inner surface of the frame 15, and between the liquid injection port 13 and the explosion-proof valve 60. This allows the vent 30 to conduct gas throughout the entire electrode core 20 within the accommodating chamber 12, reducing the risk of localized pressure increases and, consequently, the risk of abnormal opening of the explosion-proof valve 60. Additionally, a positive electrode post 16 can be disposed on one first cover plate 14, and a negative electrode post 17 can be disposed on the other first cover plate 14. The positive and negative electrode posts 16 and 17 can be connected to the electrode core 20, respectively.

[0053] With reference to FIG. 1 , in certain embodiments, along the first direction, the ratio of the length of the ventilator 30 to the length of the accommodating cavity 12 is selected from the range of [50%, 100%].

[0054] In this way, the range of gas collection can be increased, and the gas content in the pole core 20 can be reduced as much as possible.

[0055] Specifically, in the embodiment shown in Figure 1 , the length of the vent 30 can be represented by L1. The length of the accommodating chamber 12 can be represented by L2. In one embodiment, along the L direction, the ratio of the length of the vent 30 to the length of the accommodating chamber 12 can range from 50% to 100%. Gases released from the electrolyte within the electrode core 20 of the accommodating chamber 12 and gases mixed into various parts of the accommodating chamber 12 can be collected by the vent 30, thereby increasing the range of gas collection and minimizing the gas content in the electrode core 20.

[0056] In one example, the ratio of the length of the vent 30 to the length of the accommodating cavity 12 may be 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100% or other values ​​between 50% and 100%.

[0057] It should be noted that, in FIG. 1 , the length of the ventilator 30 is substantially equal to the length of the accommodating cavity 12 , and at this time, the gas in the accommodating cavity 12 can be collected to the greatest extent.

[0058] 5 , in some embodiments, along the third direction, the ratio of the width of the ventilator 30 to the width of the accommodating cavity 12 is selected from the range of [50%, 100%].

[0059] This can help collect gas and reduce the gas content in the pole core 20.

[0060] Specifically, in Figure 5 , the third direction can be the width of the battery cell 100, denoted by K. The width of the vent 30 can be denoted by K1. The width of the accommodating cavity 12 can be denoted by K2. In one embodiment, along the K direction, the ratio of the width of the vent 30 to the width of the accommodating cavity 12 can range from 50% to 100%. This leaves space between the vent 30 and the sidewalls of the accommodating cavity 12 in the K direction, which facilitates gas collection and reduces the gas content in the electrode core 20.

[0061] In one example, the ratio of the width of the vent 30 to the width of the receiving cavity 12 may be 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 100%, or other values ​​between 50% and 100%.

[0062] Referring to FIG7 , in some embodiments, the housing 10 includes a second cover plate 18 . The battery cell 100 includes an explosion-proof valve 60 . The liquid injection port 13 and the explosion-proof valve 60 are both disposed on the second cover plate 18 . The vent 30 is located between the electrode core 20 and the second cover plate 18 .

[0063] In this way, the risk of abnormal opening of the explosion-proof valve 60 can be reduced, and the safety performance of the pole core 20 can be improved.

[0064] Specifically, the single cell 100 may include a soft-pack battery. The soft-pack battery may be square in shape. In Figure 7, the second cover plate 18 may be disposed at one end of the housing 10. In one embodiment, the positive electrode column 16 may be disposed on the second cover plate 18, and the negative electrode column 17 may be disposed at the other end of the housing 10 opposite to the second cover plate 18. In one embodiment, the negative electrode column 17 may be disposed on the second cover plate 18, and the positive electrode column 16 may be disposed at the other end of the housing 10 opposite to the second cover plate 18. The liquid injection port 13 may be disposed on the second cover plate 18 near one end of the second cover plate 18. The explosion-proof valve 60 may be disposed on the second cover plate 18 near the other end of the second cover plate 18. In one embodiment, the vent 30 can be arranged between the pole core 20 and the second cover plate 18, a second vent hole 33 can be arranged near the liquid injection port 13 and connected to the liquid injection port 13, and another second vent hole 33 can be arranged near the explosion-proof valve 60 and connected to the explosion-proof valve 60, thereby facilitating the extraction of gas, reducing the risk of abnormal opening of the explosion-proof valve 60, and improving the safety performance of the pole core 20.

[0065] 3 and 4 , in some embodiments, the ventilator 30 is provided with a third vent hole 37 communicating with the vent cavity 34. Along the thickness direction of the ventilator 30, the third vent hole 37 is correspondingly communicated with the first vent hole 32.

[0066] In this way, the upper and lower parts of the ventilator 30 can be connected to avoid gas from being unable to be extracted in dead corners.

[0067] Specifically, the vent member 30 has a first vent hole 32 formed on one sidewall of the vent cavity 34. The vent member 30 may have a third vent hole 37 formed on the other sidewall opposite the first vent hole 32. A plurality of third vent holes 37 may be arranged in an array on the vent member 30. In FIG4 , the thickness direction of the vent member 30 is represented by D. In one embodiment, along the D direction, the third vent holes 37 may be connected to the corresponding first vent holes 32. The third vent holes 37 may be arranged above the first vent holes 32, thereby ensuring vertical communication between the vent member 30 and preventing air from being extracted from blind spots.

[0068] It should be noted that the third vent holes 37 may not only be arranged corresponding to the first vent holes 32, but may also be arranged offset from the first vent holes 32. The number of the third vent holes 37 may not only be the same as the number of the first vent holes 32, but may also be different from the number of the first vent holes 32. This can be adjusted according to specific circumstances and is not specifically limited here.

[0069] 5 , in some embodiments, along the second direction, the ratio of the height of the ventilator 30 to the height of the accommodating cavity 12 is selected from the range of [0.1%, 10%].

[0070] In this way, it can be ensured that the accommodating cavity 12 has enough space to accommodate the pole core 20 , thereby reducing the space occupied by the vent 30 in the accommodating cavity 12 .

[0071] Specifically, in the embodiment shown in FIG5 , the second direction may be the height direction of the single battery cell 100, denoted by H. The height of the vent 30 may be denoted by H1. The height of the accommodating cavity 12 may be denoted by H2. In one embodiment, along the H direction, the ratio of the height H1 of the vent 30 to the height H2 of the accommodating cavity 12 may range from 0.1% to 10%. This ensures that the accommodating cavity 12 has sufficient space to accommodate the electrode core 20, reducing the space occupied by the vent 30 in the accommodating cavity 12.

[0072] In one example, the ratio of the height H1 of the ventilator 30 to the height H2 of the accommodating cavity 12 may be 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9%, 2.0%, 2.1%. , 2.2%, 2.3%, 2.4%, 2.5%, 2.6%, 2.7%, 2.8%, 2.9%, 3.0%, 3.1%, 3.2%, 3.3%, 3.4%, 3.5%, 3.6%, 3.7%, 3.8%, 3.9%, 4.0%, 4.1%, 4.2%, 4.3%, 4.4%, 4.5%, 4.6%, 4.7%, 4.8%, 4. 9%, 5.0%, 5.1%, 5.2%, 5.3%, 5.4%, 5.5%, 5.6%, 5.7%, 5.8%, 5.9%, 6.0%, 6.1%, 6.2%, 6.3%, 6.4%, 6.5%, 6.6%, 6.7%, 6.8%, 6.9%, 7.0%, 7.1%, 7.2%, 7.3%, 7.4%, 7.5%, 7.6% , 7.7%, 7.8%, 7.9%, 8.0%, 8.1%, 8.2%, 8.3%, 8.4%, 8.5%, 8.6%, 8.7%, 8.8%, 8.9%, 9.0%, 9.1%, 9.2%, 9.3%, 9.4%, 9.5%, 9.6%, 9.7%, 9.8%, 9.9%, 10.0% or other values ​​between 0.1% and 10%.

[0073] In addition, the material of the vent 30 can be a polymer material, such as one or more polymer materials such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), nylon, PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PU (polyurethane), PAM (polyacrylamide), PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), etc. The vent 30 can also be a metal or metal composite material, such as one or more metals such as aluminum, copper, iron, etc. The vent 30 can also be an inorganic non-metallic material, such as one or more high thermal conductivity ceramic materials such as silicon carbide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, etc., and one or more oxide insulating ceramic materials such as zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, etc. In other words, the vent 30 can be made of the above-mentioned materials to improve thermal conductivity and heat resistance.

[0074] 8 , in some embodiments, a support member 38 is disposed in the ventilation cavity 34 . The support member 38 connects at least two opposite side walls of the ventilation cavity 34 .

[0075] In this way, the structural strength of the breather 30 can be improved.

[0076] Specifically, in Figure 8 , two support members 38 may be disposed within the vent cavity 34. The two support members 38 may be spaced apart and perpendicular to two opposing side walls in the D direction, thereby improving the structural strength of the vent member 30 and preventing deformation during installation and use.

[0077] 9 , in some embodiments, the cross-section of the ventilation cavity 34 is rectangular. The support members 38 are cross-connected and respectively connect two pairs of opposite corners of the rectangle.

[0078] In this way, the structural strength of the breather 30 can be improved.

[0079] Specifically, in FIG9 , two support members 38 may be provided. The two support members 38 may be cross-connected in the vent cavity 34. One support member 38 connects one pair of diagonal corners of the vent cavity 34, and the other support member 38 connects the other pair of diagonal corners of the vent cavity 34. This improves the structural strength of the vent member 30 and prevents deformation during installation and use.

[0080] 10 , in some embodiments, the single battery 100 includes a lyophobic layer 70 . The lyophobic layer 70 is disposed on the sidewall of the vent cavity 34 .

[0081] This can prevent electrolyte blockage and facilitate gas circulation.

[0082] Specifically, a lyophobic layer 70 may be applied to the sidewalls of the vent cavity 34. The lyophobic layer 70 may be made of an electrolyte-repellent coating material, such as one or more fluorocarbon coatings such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), FEP (fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer), and ECTE. In one embodiment, applying the lyophobic layer 70 to the sidewalls of the vent cavity 34 prevents electrolyte blockage and ensures gas flow.

[0083] Referring to FIG. 1 , a battery pack (not shown) according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a single battery 100 according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0084] In the battery pack, by providing the vent 30, the gas mixed in and / or generated in the pole core 20 can enter the vent cavity 34 through the first vent hole 32, and reach the liquid filling port 13 through the vent cavity 34 and the second vent hole 33, thereby effectively discharging the gas in the single cell 100 during the negative pressure pumping process, thereby improving the consistency of the internal pressure and electrochemical performance of each single cell 100.

[0085] Specifically, multiple single cells 100 can be arranged in a battery pack. In one embodiment, by providing a vent 30, the gas mixed in and / or generated in the pole core 20 can enter the vent cavity 34 through the first vent hole 32, and then reach the liquid injection port 13 through the vent cavity 34 and the second vent hole 33. Then, the gas in the single cell 100 can be effectively discharged by drawing negative pressure. The consistent internal pressure of the single cell 100 can make the outer surface of the single cell 100 flat. Therefore, during the assembly of the battery pack, the multiple single cells 100 can be arranged compactly, which is conducive to structural stability and avoids excessive thickness differences of the single cells 100, which affects the inconsistent gaps between the single cells 100 after the whole pack is grouped, and the inconsistent force on the single cells 100 during subsequent use.

[0086] Referring to FIG1 , a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery pack according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0087] In the above-mentioned vehicle, by providing the vent 30, the gas mixed and / or generated in the pole core 20 can enter the vent cavity 34 through the first vent hole 32, and reach the liquid injection port 13 through the vent cavity 34 and the second vent hole 33, thereby effectively discharging the gas in the single cell 100 during the negative pressure pumping process, thereby improving the consistency of the internal pressure and electrochemical performance of each single cell 100.

[0088] Specifically, the vehicle includes but is not limited to a pure electric vehicle, an extended-range electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, and a non-plug-in hybrid electric vehicle. In one embodiment, the vehicle may be provided with a plurality of single cells 100, which may be assembled into a battery pack, and the battery pack may be installed on the vehicle.

[0089] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with an embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative descriptions of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0090] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A single cell battery, characterized in that: include: A housing, wherein a receiving cavity is formed in the housing, and a liquid injection port communicating with the receiving cavity is provided on the housing; a pole core, the pole core being accommodated in the accommodation cavity, and; A vent piece, wherein the vent piece is located in the accommodating cavity and between the pole core and the side wall of the accommodating cavity, the vent piece is provided with a first vent hole, a vent cavity and a second vent hole, the vent cavity is connected to the accommodating cavity through the first vent hole, and is connected to the liquid injection port through the second vent hole.

2. The single cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell includes two first cover plates arranged along a first direction and a frame connecting the two first cover plates along the first direction, the liquid injection port is arranged on one of the first cover plates, the single battery includes an explosion-proof valve, the explosion-proof valve is arranged on the other first cover plate, and the vent is located between the pole core and the inner surface of the frame.

3. The single cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along the first direction, a ratio of the length of the ventilator to the length of the accommodating cavity is selected from the range of [50%, 100%].

4. The single cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the second direction, a ratio of the height of the ventilator to the height of the accommodating cavity is selected from the range of [0.1%, 10%].

5. The single cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the third direction, a ratio of the width of the ventilator to the width of the accommodating cavity is selected from the range of [50%, 100%].

6. The single cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell includes a second cover plate, the single battery includes an explosion-proof valve, the liquid injection port and the explosion-proof valve are both arranged on the second cover plate, and the vent is located between the pole core and the second cover plate.

7. The single cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilator is provided with a third ventilating hole connected to the ventilating cavity, and along the thickness direction of the ventilator, the third ventilating hole is correspondingly connected to the first ventilating hole.

8. The single cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support member is disposed in the ventilation cavity, and the support member connects at least two opposite side walls of the ventilation cavity.

9. The single cell according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cross section of the ventilation cavity is rectangular, and the two support members are cross-connected and respectively connected to two pairs of diagonal corners of the rectangle.

10. The single cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single battery comprises a liquid-repellent layer, and the liquid-repellent layer is arranged on a side wall of the ventilation cavity.

11. A battery pack, characterized in that: A single cell battery comprising any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: A battery pack comprising the battery pack of claim 11.