Test device for thermal runaway of a battery

Abstract

A test device for thermal runaway of a battery, characterized by: a clamping structure comprising a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate, which are spaced apart from each other and arranged opposite each other, wherein the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate serve to clamp a battery to be tested; wherein the first clamping plate is provided with a first mounting hole, the first mounting hole being arranged in relation to the battery to be tested; a heating component attached to one side of the second clamping plate facing the first clamping plate in order to heat the battery to be tested; a first temperature sensor which is passed through the first mounting hole and is connected to the hole wall of the first mounting hole, wherein the first temperature sensor serves to detect the temperature of the battery to be tested.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA The present utility model belongs to the technical field of battery safety testing and relates in particular to a test device for thermal runaway of a battery. STATE OF THE ART Thermal runaway is the most serious type of accident in battery safety; therefore, performing thermal runaway tests on a battery to systematically investigate its thermal properties, triggering conditions, and hazard levels has become an important part of battery safety research and development. Existing thermal runaway tests on batteries typically require a temperature sensor to be glued to the battery's surface to measure its temperature. However, during the thermal runaway process, the battery often splashes out highly heated electrolyte solution, which can contaminate and cover the temperature sensor, leading to a complex disassembly process and making reuse of the sensor more difficult. CONTENTS OF THE PRESENT USE SAMPLE The objective of the embodiment of the present utility model is to provide a test device for thermal runaway of a battery that avoids contamination and covering of the first temperature sensor by electrolyte solution and enables a quick disassembly process and reuse of the first temperature sensor. To achieve the aforementioned objective, the present utility model is implemented as follows: in a first aspect, embodiments of the present utility model provide a test device for thermal runaway of a battery, comprising: a clamping structure, a heating component, and a first temperature sensor, wherein the clamping structure comprises a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate, which are spaced apart from each other and arranged opposite each other, the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate serving to clamp a battery to be tested; wherein the first clamping plate is provided with a first mounting hole, the first mounting hole being arranged in relation to the battery to be tested; wherein the heating component is attached to the side of the second clamping plate facing the first clamping plate in order to heat the battery to be tested;wherein the first temperature sensor is passed through the first mounting hole and is connected to the hole wall of the first mounting hole, wherein the first temperature sensor serves to detect the temperature of the battery under test. In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, it is provided that the first clamping plate is provided with a first annular groove, wherein the first annular groove is arranged around the first mounting hole, wherein the first annular groove and the first mounting hole are arranged independently of each other; wherein the test device for thermal runaway of a battery further comprises a first annular sealing element, wherein a part of the first annular sealing element is arranged in the first annular groove and is connected to the groove wall of the first annular groove. In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, it is provided that the first mounting hole comprises a first hole section and a second hole section which are in communication with each other, wherein the diameter of the first hole section is larger than the diameter of the second hole section;wherein the first temperature sensor comprises a first main body section and a first sensing section, wherein the first main body section is arranged in the first hole section and connected to the hole wall of the first hole section, wherein the first sensing section is arranged in the second hole section and is spaced apart from the groove wall of the second hole section, wherein the first sensing section is movably connected to a side of the first main body section facing the second clamping plate, and wherein the first sensing section can be extended or retracted towards or away from the second clamping plate. In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, it is provided that the outer circumferential side of the first main body section is provided with a first thread, wherein the hole wall of the first hole section is provided with a second thread, wherein the first thread and the second thread are matched to each other. In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, it is provided that the second clamping plate is provided with a second mounting hole, wherein the second mounting hole is arranged associated with the heating component; wherein the test device for thermal runaway of a battery further comprises a second temperature sensor, wherein the second temperature sensor is guided through the second mounting hole and is connected to the hole wall of the second mounting hole, wherein the second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the heating component. In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, it is provided that the second clamping plate is provided with a second annular groove, wherein the second annular groove surrounds the second mounting hole and the heating component, wherein the second annular groove and the second mounting hole are arranged independently of each other; wherein the test device for thermal runaway of a battery further comprises a second annular sealing element, wherein a part of the second annular sealing element is arranged in the second annular groove and is connected to the groove wall of the second annular groove. In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, it is provided that the second mounting hole comprises a third hole section and a fourth hole section which are in communication with each other, wherein the diameter of the third hole section is larger than the diameter of the fourth hole section;wherein the second temperature sensor comprises a second main body section and a second sensing section, wherein the second main body section is located in the third hole section and is connected to the hole wall of the third hole section, wherein the second sensing section is located in the fourth hole section and is arranged at a distance from the groove wall of the fourth hole section, wherein the second sensing section is movably connected to a side of the second main body section facing the first clamping plate, and wherein the second sensing section can be extended or retracted towards or away from the first clamping plate. In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the first clamping plate is provided with a first groove, wherein the first groove is arranged in relation to the battery to be tested, the opening of the first groove facing the second clamping plate; the test device for thermal runaway of a battery further comprises a first pressure sensor, wherein the first pressure sensor is located within the first groove and is connected to the groove wall of the first groove; and / or wherein the second clamping plate is provided with a second groove, wherein the second groove is arranged in relation to the battery to be tested, the opening of the second groove facing the first clamping plate; wherein the test device for thermal runaway of a battery further comprises a second pressure sensor, wherein the second pressure sensor is located in the second groove and is connected to the groove wall of the second groove. In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the clamping structure further comprises a base, a support element and a fastening component, wherein the base is arranged opposite the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, wherein the base is spaced apart on one side of the first clamping plate facing away from the second clamping plate, wherein the support element is connected between the base and the first clamping plate, and wherein the fastening component is passed through the first clamping plate, the second clamping plate and the base and is connected to the first clamping plate, the second clamping plate and the base. In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, it is provided that the support element is provided with a chamber, the opening of which is in communication with the cooling tube. In the embodiment of the present application, the first temperature sensor is passed through the first mounting hole of the first terminal plate and connected to the hole wall of the first mounting hole. Therefore, during the thermal runaway test on a battery, the first temperature sensor does not need to be glued to the surface of the battery under test to detect its temperature. This facilitates the separation of the first temperature sensor from the battery under test after the test, thus preventing contamination of the first temperature sensor with electrolyte solution and its covering. This allows for quick removal and reuse of the first temperature sensor. The above description merely provides an overview of the technical solution of the present utility model. To better understand the technical means of the present utility model, it is necessary to implement them according to the specifications. Furthermore, to clarify the aforementioned and other objectives, features, and advantages of the present utility model, specific embodiments of the present utility model are described below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present utility model will become apparent and easily understandable from the description of the exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein: Fig. 1 is a schematic structural perspective view of a test device for thermal runaway of a battery provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, which is connected to a battery under test; Fig. 2 is a schematic structural perspective view of a test device for thermal runaway of a battery provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model; Fig. 3 is a schematic structural perspective view of the first clamping plate provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model; Fig.Figure 4 is a schematic structural front view of the first clamping plate provided by an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5 is a schematic structural rear view of the first clamping plate provided by an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 6 is a schematic structural perspective view of the second clamping plate provided by an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 7 is a schematic structural front view of the second clamping plate provided by an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 8 is a schematic structural rear view of the second clamping plate provided by an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 9 is a schematic structural perspective view of the base provided by an embodiment of the present utility model. Explanation of reference symbols: 1. Clamping structure; 11. First clamping plate; 111. First mounting hole; 111a. First hole section; 111b. Second hole section; 112. First receiving groove; 113. First annular groove; 114. First groove; 115. Second harness hole; 116. Second through hole; 117. Fifth through hole; 12. Second clamping plate; 121. Second receiving groove; 122. Third receiving groove; 123. First harness hole; 124. Second mounting hole; 124a. Third hole section; 124b. Fourth hole section; 125. Second annular groove; 126. Second groove; 127. Third harness hole; 128. Third through hole; 13. Base; 131. First through hole; 132. Fourth through hole. 133. Sixth through hole; 14. Support element; 15. Fastening component; 151. Threaded rod; 2. Battery to be tested; e.g., vertical direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model are described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in those embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. All other embodiments that a person skilled in the art in this field could derive from the embodiments in this utility model without any creative activity are within the scope of protection of this utility model. Terms in the description and claims of this utility model, such as "first" and "second," are used to distinguish similar objects, not to describe a specific order or sequence. It is understood that the data used in this way are interchangeable under suitable circumstances, so that the embodiments of this utility model may be carried out in different sequences than those presented or described herein. The objects distinguished by "first," "second," or the like normally belong to a category, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object may be one or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the description and claims represents at least one of the related objects, and the sign " / " generally indicates that the objects related before and after are in an "or" relationship. The following section provides a detailed explanation of the test device for thermal runaway of a battery, as provided by the embodiments of the present utility model, with reference to specific embodiments and their application scenarios and the accompanying drawings. As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 to Fig. 9, the embodiment of the present application proposes a test device for thermal runaway of a battery, comprising: a clamping structure 1, a heating component and a first temperature sensor, wherein the clamping structure 1 comprises a first clamping plate 11 and a second clamping plate 12, which are spaced apart from each other and arranged opposite each other along the vertical direction z of the test device for thermal runaway of a battery, wherein the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12 serve to clamp a battery 2 to be tested;The first terminal plate 11 is provided with a first mounting hole 111, which extends through the first terminal plate 11 along the vertical direction z of the thermal runaway test device for a battery, wherein the first mounting hole 111 is arranged along the vertical direction z of the thermal runaway test device for a battery corresponding to the battery 2 to be tested; wherein the heating component is attached to the side of the second terminal plate 12 facing the first terminal plate 11 in order to heat the battery 2 to be tested; wherein the first temperature sensor is guided through the first mounting hole 111 and is connected to the hole wall of the first mounting hole 111, wherein the first temperature sensor serves to detect the temperature of the battery 2 to be tested. In the present embodiment, it is provided that both the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12 have a rectangular structure and are made of an insulating material with low thermal conductivity. For example, the first terminal block 11 and the second terminal block 12 are each made of polyimide. In the present embodiment, it is provided that one side of the first clamping plate 11 facing the second clamping plate 12 is provided with a first receiving groove 112 for placing the battery 2 to be tested, wherein the first receiving groove 112 is in communication with the first mounting hole 111, wherein the depth of the first receiving groove 112 along the vertical direction z of the test device for thermal runaway of a battery is less than the thickness of the battery 2 to be tested along the vertical direction z of the test device for thermal runaway of a battery in order to avoid the entire battery 2 to be tested being enclosed in the first receiving groove 112. At the same time, one side of the second clamping plate 12 facing the first clamping plate 11 is provided with a second receiving groove 121 for placing the battery 2 to be tested, wherein the depth of the second receiving groove 121 along the height direction z of the test device for thermal runaway of a battery is less than the thickness of the battery 2 to be tested along the height direction z of the test device for thermal runaway of a battery in order to avoid the entire battery 2 to be tested being enclosed in the second receiving groove 121. In the present embodiment, the second clamping plate 12 is further provided with a third receiving groove 122 for placing a heating component, wherein the third receiving groove 122 is located in the bottom wall of the second receiving groove 121, and wherein the third receiving groove 122 is in communication with the second receiving groove 121. When the heating component is arranged in the third receiving groove 122 and the battery 2 to be tested is arranged in the second receiving groove 121, the heating component is in contact with the battery 2 to be tested in order to heat this battery 2 and trigger thermal runaway. For example, the heating component could be a heating plate, a heating coil, or something similar. It should be understood that the bottom groove wall refers to the innermost end surface, which lies relative to the opening of the groove and along the depth direction of the groove. Furthermore, the second terminal plate 12 is also provided with a first cable harness hole 123, wherein the first cable harness hole 123 puts the inside and outside of the third receiving groove 122 into communication, and the cable of the heating component can be led out through the first cable harness hole 123 from the third receiving groove 122. In the present embodiment, the first temperature sensor is guided through the first mounting hole 111 of the first terminal plate 11 and connected to the hole wall of the first mounting hole 111. Therefore, during the thermal runaway test on a battery, the first temperature sensor does not need to be glued to the surface of the battery 2 under test to detect its temperature. This facilitates the separation of the first temperature sensor from the battery 2 after the test, thus preventing contamination of the first temperature sensor with electrolyte solution and its covering. This allows for quick removal and reuse of the first temperature sensor. In combination with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a first annular groove 113 is provided on one side of the first clamping plate 11 facing the second clamping plate 12, wherein the first annular groove 113 is arranged around the first mounting hole 111, wherein the first annular groove 113 and the first mounting hole 111 are arranged independently of each other; wherein the test device for thermal runaway of a battery further comprises a first annular sealing element, wherein a part of the first annular sealing element is arranged in the first annular groove 113 and is connected to the groove wall of the first annular groove 113. In the present embodiment, the first clamping plate 11 is provided with several spaced-apart first mounting holes 111, and the test device for thermal runaway of a battery comprises several first temperature sensors. Each of these first temperature sensors is guided through the several first mounting holes 111 and connected to the hole walls of the several first mounting holes 111. The several first temperature sensors can each detect the temperature at different positions of the battery 2 under test, which helps to reduce test errors. In the present embodiment, the first annular groove 113 is a rectangular annular groove, wherein the first annular groove 113 is arranged in the bottom groove wall of the first receiving groove 112, wherein the first annular groove 113 is arranged around the multiple first mounting holes 111 and the first annular groove 113 is not in communication with the multiple first mounting holes 111, wherein the first annular groove 113 serves for mounting the first annular sealing element.Part of the first annular sealing element is located in the first annular groove 113, another part of the first annular sealing element is located outside the first annular groove 113, so that when the battery 2 to be tested is placed in the first receiving groove 112, the first annular sealing element comes into contact with the battery 2 to be tested in order to prevent the electrolyte solution from entering the area where the first temperature sensor is located, and thus avoids contamination of the first temperature sensor by the electrolyte solution. In combination with Fig. 3, Fig. 4 to Fig. 5, the first mounting hole 111 comprises a first hole section 111a and a second hole section 111b, which are in communication with each other, wherein the diameter of the first hole section 111a is larger than the diameter of the second hole section 111b. Furthermore, the first temperature sensor comprises a first main body section and a first sensing section, wherein the first main body section is located in the first hole section 111a and is connected to the hole wall of the first hole section 111a, wherein the first sensing section is located in the second hole section 111b and is arranged at a distance from the groove wall of the second hole section 111b, wherein the first sensing section is movably connected to a side of the first main body section facing the second clamping plate 12, and wherein the first sensing section can extend or retract in the height direction z of the test device for thermal runaway of a battery towards or away from the second clamping plate 12. In the present embodiment, it is provided that the first main body section is provided with a first telescopic groove, wherein the opening of the first telescopic groove faces the second clamping plate 12; wherein the first temperature sensor further comprises a first elastic connecting element, wherein the first elastic connecting element is arranged between the bottom groove wall of the first telescopic groove and the first sensing section.If the battery 2 under test is not placed in the first receiving groove 112, part of the first sensing section is located outside the second hole section 111b, with the first elastic connecting element in a normal state; if the battery 2 under test is placed in the first receiving groove 112, all first sensing sections are located in the second hole section 111b, with the first elastic connecting element in a compressed state, thus ensuring that the first sensing sections can maintain stable contact with the battery 2 under test. It is to be understood that the normal state of the first elastic connecting element means that the first elastic connecting element is neither stretched nor compressed. In other embodiments, it is provided that the first detection section is slidably connected to the first main body section, wherein the first detection section can extend or retract relative to the first main body section along the height direction z of the test device for thermal runaway of a battery towards or away from the second terminal plate 12 by means of an electric motor. In the present embodiment, the diameter of the first hole section 111a is larger than the diameter of the second hole section 111b. Therefore, the second hole section 111b can limit the mounting position of the first main body section when the first temperature sensor is mounted in the first mounting hole 111 along the vertical direction z of the thermal runaway battery test device from the first hole section 111a towards the second hole section 111b, thus preventing the first temperature sensor from entering the first mounting hole 111 from one side and exiting it from the other side. It is understood that the shape and size of the first main body section correspond to the shape and size of the first hole section 111a; the shape and size of the first capture section correspond to the shape and size of the second hole section 111b. In a further development, it is provided that the outer circumferential side of the first main body section is provided with a first thread, wherein the hole wall of the first hole section 111a is provided with a second thread, the first thread and the second thread being matched to each other. The first main body section is connected to the hole wall of the first hole section 111a via threads to facilitate the installation, removal, and replacement of the first temperature sensor. It should be understood that the outer circumferential side refers to the surface of the radially outer end of a component, but does not include the axial end surface. In combination with Fig. 6, Fig. 7 to Fig. 8, the second clamping plate 12 has a second mounting hole 124 extending through the second clamping plate 12 in the vertical direction z of the battery thermal runaway test device, wherein the second mounting hole 124 and the heating component are arranged relative to each other along the vertical direction z of the battery thermal runaway test device, the second mounting hole 124 communicating with the second receiving groove 121 and the third receiving groove 122; wherein the battery thermal runaway test device further comprises a second temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor being guided through the second mounting hole 124 and connected to the hole wall of the second mounting hole 124, the second temperature sensor being used to detect the temperature of the heating component. For example, both the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are thermocouples. In this embodiment, the second temperature sensor can detect the temperature of the heating component when the heating component is placed in the third receiving groove 122, thus enabling monitoring of the heating temperature. Furthermore, the second temperature sensor is guided through the second mounting hole 124 of the second terminal plate 12 and connected to the hole wall of the second mounting hole 124. Therefore, during the thermal runaway test, the second temperature sensor does not need to be adhered to the surface of the battery 2 under test. This facilitates the separation of the second temperature sensor from the battery 2 after the test, thus preventing contamination of the second temperature sensor with electrolyte solution and its covering. This allows for quick removal and reuse of the second temperature sensor. In combination with Fig. 1 and Fig. 8, one side of the second clamping plate 12 facing the first clamping plate 11 is provided with a second annular groove 125, wherein the second annular groove 125 surrounds the second mounting hole 124 and the heating component, wherein the second annular groove 125 is arranged independently of the second mounting hole 124 and the third receiving groove 122; wherein the test device for thermal runaway of a battery further comprises a second annular sealing element, wherein a part of the second annular sealing element is arranged in the second annular groove 125 and is connected to the groove wall of the second annular groove 125. In the present embodiment, the second annular groove 125 is a rectangular annular groove, wherein the second annular groove 125 is arranged in the bottom groove wall of the second receiving groove 121, wherein the second annular groove 125 surrounds the second mounting hole 124 and the heating component, and the first annular groove 113 is not in communication with either the second mounting hole 124 or the third receiving groove 122, wherein the second annular groove 125 serves to receive the second annular sealing element.Part of the second annular sealing element is located in the second annular groove 125, another part is located outside the second annular groove 125, so that when the battery 2 to be tested is placed in the second receiving groove 121, the second annular sealing element comes into contact with the battery 2 to be tested in order to prevent the ingress of electrolyte solution into the area where the second temperature sensor and the heating component are located and thus to avoid contamination of the first temperature sensor and the heating component by the electrolyte solution. In combination with Fig. 6, Fig. 7 to Fig. 8, the second mounting hole 124 comprises a third hole section 124a and a fourth hole section 124b, which are in communication with each other, wherein the diameter of the third hole section 124a is larger than the diameter of the fourth hole section 124b. In a further development, it is provided that the second temperature sensor comprises a second main body section and a second sensing section, wherein the second main body section is located in the third hole section 124a and is connected to the hole wall of the third hole section 124a, wherein the second sensing section is located in the fourth hole section 124b and is arranged at a distance from the groove wall of the fourth hole section 124b, wherein the second sensing section is movably connected to a side of the second main body section facing the first clamping plate 11, and wherein the second sensing section can extend or retract in the height direction z of the test device for thermal runaway of a battery towards or away from the first clamping plate 11. In the present embodiment, it is provided that the second main body section is provided with a second telescopic groove, wherein the opening of the second telescopic groove faces the first clamping plate 11; wherein the second temperature sensor further comprises a second elastic connecting element, wherein the second elastic connecting element is arranged between the bottom groove wall of the second telescopic groove and the second sensing section.If the heating component is not mounted in the third receiving groove 122, part of the second sensing section is located outside the fourth hole section 124b, with the second elastic connecting element in a normal state; if the heating component is placed in the third receiving groove 122, the entire second sensing section is located inside the fourth hole section 124b, with the second elastic connecting element in a compressed state, thus ensuring that the second sensing section can make stable contact with the heating component. It is to be understood that the normal state of the second elastic connecting element means that the second elastic connecting element is neither stretched nor compressed. In other embodiments, the second detection section is slidably connected to the second main body section, wherein the second detection section can extend or retract relative to the second main body section along the height direction z of the test device for thermal runaway of a battery towards or away from the first terminal plate 11 by means of an electric motor. In the present embodiment, the diameter of the third hole section 124a is larger than the diameter of the fourth hole section 124b. Therefore, the fourth hole section 124b can limit the mounting position of the second main body section when the second temperature sensor is mounted along the vertical direction z of the thermal runaway battery test device from the third hole section 124a towards the fourth hole section 124b in the second mounting hole 124, thus preventing the second temperature sensor from entering the second mounting hole 124 from one side and exiting it from the other side. It is understood that the shape and size of the second main body section correspond to the shape and size of the third hole section 124a; the shape and size of the second capture section correspond to the shape and size of the fourth hole section 124b. In a further development, it is provided that the outer circumferential side of the second main body section is provided with a third thread, wherein the hole wall of the third hole section 124a is provided with a fourth thread, the third and fourth threads being matched to each other. The second main body section is connected to the hole wall of the third hole section 124a by a thread to facilitate the installation, removal, and replacement of the second temperature sensor. In combination with Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, the first clamping plate 11 is provided with a first groove 114, wherein the first groove 114 is arranged along the height direction z of the thermal runaway test device of a battery corresponding to the battery 2 to be tested, wherein the opening of the first groove 114 faces the second clamping plate 12; wherein the thermal runaway test device of a battery further comprises a first pressure sensor, wherein the first pressure sensor is located in the first groove 114 and is connected to the groove wall of the first groove 114. In the present embodiment, the first terminal plate 11 is provided with a first pressure sensor, wherein the first pressure sensor can detect the voltage exerted by the first terminal plate 11 on the battery 2 to be tested, thereby ensuring that the first terminal plate 11 can exert the same voltage on the battery 2 to be tested in different tests. For example, in thermal runaway tests with different SOC values, the arrangement of the first pressure sensor can ensure that the voltage applied by the first terminal plate 11 to the battery 2 under test is consistent; at the same time, the acquisition data of the first pressure sensor can also be used to investigate the strain development characteristics during thermal runaway of the battery. It should be understood that SOC (State of Charge) refers to the state of charge of the battery, i.e., the percentage of the remaining charge of the battery. Furthermore, as shown in combination with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 to Fig. 3, the first terminal plate 11 is provided with a second cable harness hole 115, wherein the second cable harness hole 115 puts the inside and outside of the first groove 114 into communication, wherein the cable harness of the first pressure sensor can be led outwards through the second cable harness hole 115 from the first groove 114. In combination with Fig. 1 and Fig. 8, the second clamping plate 12 is provided with a second groove 126, wherein the second groove 126 is arranged along the height direction z of the thermal runaway test device corresponding to the battery 2 to be tested, wherein the opening of the second groove 126 faces the first clamping plate 11; wherein the thermal runaway test device further comprises a second pressure sensor, wherein the second pressure sensor is located in the second groove 126 and is connected to the groove wall of the second groove 126. In the present embodiment, the second terminal plate 12 is provided with a second pressure sensor, wherein the second pressure sensor can detect the voltage exerted by the second terminal plate 12 on the battery 2 to be tested, thereby ensuring that the second terminal plate 12 can exert the same voltage on the battery 2 to be tested during different tests. For example, in thermal runaway tests with different SOC values, the arrangement of the second pressure sensor can ensure that the voltage applied by the second terminal plate 12 to the battery 2 under test is consistent; at the same time, the acquisition data of the second pressure sensor can also be used to investigate the strain development characteristics during thermal runaway of the battery. Furthermore, as shown in combination with Fig. 1 and Fig. 6, the second clamping plate 12 is provided with a third cable harness hole 127, wherein the third cable harness hole 127 is arranged at a distance from the first cable harness hole 123, wherein the third cable harness hole 127 puts the inside and outside of the second groove 126 in communication, wherein the cable harness of the second pressure sensor can be led outwards through the third cable harness hole 127 from the second groove 126. As shown in combination with Fig. 1, the clamping structure 1 further comprises a base 13, a support element 14 and a fastening component 15, the base 13 is arranged opposite the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12 along the vertical direction z of the test device for thermal runaway of a battery, the base 13 being spaced apart on one side of the first clamping plate 11 facing away from the second clamping plate 12, the support element 14 is connected between the base 13 and the first clamping plate 11, the fastening component 15 is passed through the first clamping plate 11, the second clamping plate 12 and the base 13 and is connected to the first clamping plate 11, the second clamping plate 12 and the base 13. In the present embodiment, the base 13 is designed as a rectangular structure and is made of an insulating material with low thermal conductivity. For example, base 13 is made of polyimide. In the present embodiment, the fastening component 15 comprises several threaded rods 151 and several nuts, wherein the several threaded rods 151 are each associated with one of the several nuts and are interconnected; the base 13 is provided with several spaced-apart first through holes 131, wherein the first clamping plate 11 is provided with several spaced-apart second through holes 116, and wherein the second clamping plate 12 is provided with several spaced-apart third through holes 128;The several threaded rods 151 are each passed through one of the several first through holes 131, several second through holes 116 and several third through holes 128 and each is connected to one of the several screw nuts in a cooperating manner to connect the first clamping plate 11, the second clamping plate 12 and the base 13, whereby the battery 2 to be tested can be clamped by the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12. It is to be understood that the number of threaded rods is 151, screw nuts, first through holes 131, second through holes 116 and third through holes 128 is the same. Furthermore, the base 13 is provided with several spaced-apart fourth through-holes 132, the fourth through-holes 132 being spaced apart from the first through-holes 131; the first clamping plate 11 is provided with several spaced-apart fifth through-holes 117, the fifth through-holes 117 being spaced apart from the second through-holes 116; the clamping structure 1 comprises several support elements 14, each of which is guided through one of the several fourth through-holes 132 and several fifth through-holes 117 and connected to the base 13 and the first clamping plate 11. The support elements 14 provide support and can hold the first clamping plate 11 in a specific position. It is to be understood that the number of fourth through holes is 132, fifth through holes is 117 and support elements are 14. In a further development, it is provided that the base 13 is provided with several spaced-apart sixth through holes 133, wherein the sixth through holes 133 are spaced apart from the fourth through holes 132 and the first through holes 131, wherein the base 13 can be fixed in the explosion-proof box by means of fastening elements such as bolts or screws; at the same time, the base 13 can also fix and support the first clamping plate 11, the second clamping plate 12 and the battery 2 to be tested. In a further training, it is provided that the support element 14 is equipped with a chamber, the opening of which serves for communication with a cooling pipe. In the present embodiment, the interior of the support element 14 is provided with a chamber, wherein the end of the support element 14 facing the first clamping plate 11 is not provided with an opening of the chamber, but the end of the support element 14 facing the base 13 is provided with an opening of the chamber, wherein the opening can be in communication with a cooling tube for, for example, liquid nitrogen, so that cooling fluids such as liquid nitrogen can be filled into the chamber in order to quickly lower the temperature of the battery 2 under test and thus increase the cooling rate as well as the test rate for thermal runaway. In other embodiments, the opening of the chamber can also be arranged on the outer circumferential side of the support element 14, which does not pass through the fourth through-hole 132 and the fifth through-hole 117. Finally, it should be noted that the above respective embodiments serve only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art in this field should understand that they may still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments or make equivalent substitutions to some or all of the technical features; however, these modifications or substitutions do not result in the essence of the corresponding technical solutions differing from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

A test apparatus for thermal runaway of a battery, characterized by: a clamping structure comprising a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate, spaced apart from each other and arranged opposite each other, wherein the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate serve to clamp a battery to be tested; wherein the first clamping plate is provided with a first mounting hole, the first mounting hole being arranged in relation to the battery to be tested; a heating component attached to a side of the second clamping plate facing the first clamping plate to heat the battery to be tested; a first temperature sensor passing through the first mounting hole and connected to the hole wall of the first mounting hole, wherein the first temperature sensor serves to detect the temperature of the battery to be tested. Test device for thermal runaway of a battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the first clamping plate is provided with a first annular groove, wherein the first annular groove is arranged around the first mounting hole, wherein the first annular groove and the first mounting hole are arranged independently of each other; wherein the test device for thermal runaway of a battery further comprises a first annular sealing element, wherein a part of the first annular sealing element is arranged in the first annular groove and is connected to the groove wall of the first annular groove. Test device for thermal runaway of a battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the first mounting hole comprises a first hole section and a second hole section which are in communication with each other, wherein the diameter of the first hole section is larger than the diameter of the second hole section;wherein the first temperature sensor comprises a first main body section and a first sensing section, wherein the first main body section is arranged in the first hole section and connected to the hole wall of the first hole section, wherein the first sensing section is arranged in the second hole section and is spaced apart from the groove wall of the second hole section, wherein the first sensing section is movably connected to a side of the first main body section facing the second clamping plate, and wherein the first sensing section can be extended or retracted towards or away from the second clamping plate. Test apparatus for thermal runaway of a battery according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer circumferential side of the first main body section is provided with a first thread, wherein the hole wall of the first hole section is provided with a second thread, wherein the first thread and the second thread are matched to each other. Test device for thermal runaway of a battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the second clamping plate is provided with a second mounting hole which is arranged associated with the heating component; wherein the test device for thermal runaway of a battery further comprises a second temperature sensor, wherein the second temperature sensor is guided through the second mounting hole and is connected to the hole wall of the second mounting hole, wherein the second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the heating component. Test device for thermal runaway of a battery according to claim 5, characterized in that the second clamping plate is provided with a second annular groove, wherein the second annular groove surrounds the second mounting hole and the heating component, wherein the second annular groove and the second mounting hole are arranged independently of each other; wherein the test device for thermal runaway of a battery further comprises a second annular sealing element, wherein a part of the second annular sealing element is arranged in the second annular groove and is connected to the groove wall of the second annular groove. Test device for thermal runaway of a battery according to claim 5, characterized in that the second mounting hole comprises a third hole section and a fourth hole section which are in communication with each other, wherein the diameter of the third hole section is larger than the diameter of the fourth hole section;wherein the second temperature sensor comprises a second main body section and a second sensing section, wherein the second main body section is located in the third hole section and is connected to the hole wall of the third hole section, wherein the second sensing section is located in the fourth hole section and is arranged at a distance from the groove wall of the fourth hole section, wherein the second sensing section is movably connected to a side of the second main body section facing the first clamping plate, and wherein the second sensing section can be extended or retracted towards or away from the first clamping plate. A test device for thermal runaway of a battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the first clamping plate is provided with a first groove, wherein the first groove is arranged associated with the battery to be tested, the opening of the first groove facing the second clamping plate; wherein the test device for thermal runaway of a battery further comprises a first pressure sensor, the first pressure sensor being located in the first groove and connected to the groove wall of the first groove; and / or wherein the second clamping plate is provided with a second groove, the second groove being arranged associated with the battery to be tested, the opening of the second groove facing the first clamping plate; wherein the test device for thermal runaway of a battery further comprises a second pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor being located in the second groove and connected to the groove wall of the second groove. Test apparatus for thermal runaway of a battery according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the clamping structure further comprises a base, a support element and a fastening component, wherein the base is arranged opposite the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, wherein the base is spaced apart on one side of the first clamping plate facing away from the second clamping plate, wherein the support element is connected between the base and the first clamping plate, wherein the fastening component is passed through the first clamping plate, the second clamping plate and the base and is connected to the first clamping plate, the second clamping plate and the base. Test apparatus for thermal runaway of a battery according to claim 9, characterized in that the support element is provided with a chamber, wherein the opening of the chamber is in communication with the cooling tube.

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