Straightening machine and straightening method

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a straightening machine for straightening profiles with a plurality of straightening rollers arranged opposite each other on both sides of a guide, forming a straightening section which are at least partially arranged on vertically extending straightening shafts in a horizontally and / or axially adjustable position with respect to a profile guided in the straightening section.

[0002] Generally, profiles require straightening if they subsequently change shape due to thermal distortion, for example, from cooling after a rolling process. Horizontal and vertical straightening machines are known for straightening profiles such as H-profiles, U-profiles, T-profiles, I-profiles, rail profiles, or the like. The terms horizontal and vertical refer to the orientation of the straightening tools. A horizontal straightening machine is known, for example, from WO 2016 / 142362 A1.This publication concerns a straightening machine for straightening an elongated semi-finished product with straightening roller elements, with a roller conveyor line designed as a conveyor, with a stand device holding the straightening roller elements relative to the conveyor, comprising a drive-side stand half and an operator-side stand half that is movable relative to the drive-side stand half, with a changing device for changing the straightening roller elements and with a changing path along which the straightening roller elements can be moved for changing, in which the straightening roller elements can be moved on the one hand by means of the operator-side stand half along a first subsection of the changing path extending in a horizontal displacement plane and on the other hand by means of the changing device along a further subsection of the changing path extending in a horizontal changing plane.The horizontal switching plane is located in the area of ​​the physical vertical extension of the operator-side stand half.

[0003] A straightening machine for straightening profiles, such as rolled beams, which has several tools arranged on parallel, driven straightening shafts above and below a guide line in the transport direction of the material being straightened, the upper straightening shafts of which can be adjusted to set the straightening gap, is known, for example, from EP 1 294 503 B1. This publication also relates to a method for operating a straightening machine for straightening profiles, in which, during straightening operation, at least the operator-side adjusting device furthest from the drive side is subjected to a force opposing the straightening force. The straightening machine according to EP 1 294 503 B1 is designed as a horizontal straightening machine in which each upper and lower straightening shaft can be driven individually by motors and intermediate gearboxes provided on the drive side. Drives for axial adjustment of the straightening shafts are also provided.Hydraulic cylinders are used as the actuating device.

[0004] Conventional vertical leveling machines use an electric motor for axial and / or horizontal positioning. Furthermore, the forces are absorbed by a stable machine frame, also known as a pillar.

[0005] From CN 107790519 A, which forms the basis for the preambles of the independent claims, a straightening machine for straightening hollow profiles is known, comprising a fixed roller arrangement and a hydraulically adjustable roller arrangement, wherein the roller arrangements each comprise opposing rollers on two sides of the profile, acting horizontally on the sides of the profile. A counter bearing is inserted into the interior of the profile, consisting of a roller arrangement whose rollers are connected to one another via a four-joint drive.

[0006] The invention is based on the objective of providing a straightening machine of the type mentioned above, in particular a so-called vertical straightening machine, which is improved with regard to the realization of the positioning movement of the straightening tools and, in particular, with regard to the absorption of reaction forces during straightening. In particular, the invention aims to provide a straightening machine that is structurally simplified. Furthermore, the invention aims to provide a corresponding method for straightening profiles.

[0007] The problem underlying the invention is solved by a straightening machine with the features of claim 1 and by a method with the features of claim 10.

[0008] Advantageous embodiments of the invention are set out in the dependent claims.

[0009] One aspect of the invention relates to a straightening machine for straightening profiles, comprising a plurality of straightening rollers arranged opposite each other on either side, forming a straightening section. These rollers are at least partially arranged on vertically extending straightening shafts, adjustable horizontally and / or axially with respect to a profile guided in the straightening section. The straightening machine is particularly characterized in that at least some of the straightening shafts are hydraulically adjustable horizontally and / or axially. The straightening machine according to the invention is designed as a vertical straightening machine and comprises a plurality of vertically extending straightening shafts, each having straightening rollers. A profile within the meaning of the present invention is, for example, an H-profile, I-profile, U-profile, or T-profile, preferably a rail profile.

[0010] Advantageously, the straightening rollers are arranged opposite each other along the straightening section in such a way that they allow alternating bending on both sides of the profile. Preferably, three straightening rollers form a force triangle.

[0011] In the straightening machine according to the invention, it is provided that at least some of the straightening shafts are individually hydraulically adjustable horizontally and axially.

[0012] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the straightening machine according to the invention, at least one straightening shaft is arranged to be movable about a pivot axis on a horizontal arc segment with respect to the guide. Unlike in the prior art, the invention provides for a pivot bearing or a rocker arm for at least some of the straightening shafts. A linear feed of the components, as is common in the prior art, is not required. According to the invention, the straightening shafts are adjusted via a pivot bearing and the associated change in angle. Such a design completely eliminates the need for the balancing of adjustable straightening shafts or axes, which is otherwise common and disadvantageous in the prior art.

[0013] For this purpose, it can be provided that at least one straightening shaft is pivotably mounted in a machine frame of the straightening machine. Thanks to this design, the machine frame can be simpler than the usual arrangement of vertically extending straightening shafts in bearing mounts of the stands used in the prior art.

[0014] Preferably, the at least one pivotably mounted guide shaft has a support on an opposite side of the guide.

[0015] The guide shafts can each be mounted in supports of the machine frame extending parallel to each other, wherein preferably only the guide shafts arranged on one side of the guide are horizontally and actively adjustable, whereas the guide shafts arranged on the opposite side of the guide can be fixed in a horizontal plane.

[0016] Preferably, the at least one pivotably mounted guide shaft can be adjusted via at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder arrangement, which is pivotably articulated on an opposite side of the guide.

[0017] In the context of the present invention, the guideline is defined as the ideal line along which the profile to be straightened should extend after the straightening process. The straightening shafts arranged on both sides of the guideline define a straightening path along which the profile to be straightened is conveyed.

[0018] For this purpose, at least some of the straightening shafts are preferably driven individually. This offers the advantage, among others, that if one drive fails, the straightening machine can continue to operate, which is not possible with the summing drives typically used. The distribution of torque and speed for each straightening shaft can also be controlled individually via individual drives. This data can be linked with corresponding data regarding the horizontal and / or axial positioning, whereby this data can be acquired via corresponding displacement and / or force and / or position sensors of hydraulic actuating cylinders. According to the invention, at least one control of the actuating force and / or position of at least one straightening shaft, preferably all straightening shafts, is provided individually.

[0019] A particular advantage of the kinematics of the straightening machine according to the invention is that the machine frame can be made significantly stiffer, resulting in less springiness of the machine frame and thus a more effective force flow during straightening.

[0020] Because the straightening shafts can be individually adjusted hydraulically, the forces of the straightening process can be measured. An uneven force distribution across the individual straightening rollers allows for direct conclusions to be drawn about the straightening process and the correct axial position of the individual straightening rollers or shafts.

[0021] Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for straightening profiles in a straightening machine, wherein the method comprises straightening a profile by means of a plurality of straightening rollers on vertically extending straightening shafts, which in a straightening section are at least partially individually and independently of each other hydraulically positioned horizontally and / or axially against a profile on both sides of a guide, applying a straightening force.

[0022] In the method according to the invention, it can be provided that some of the straightening rollers are actively adjusted, while other parts of the straightening rollers only passively absorb straightening forces. These straightening rollers are not adjustable horizontally, but are axially adjustable.

[0023] Preferably, the guide rollers arranged on one side of the guide are actively adjustable, whereas the guide rollers provided on the opposite side of the guide are passively adjustable.

[0024] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the straightening rollers are positioned via a pivot bearing or perform a so-called rocker-like positioning. This is a scissor-like positioning movement of the straightening rollers or straightening shafts, whereby the abutment forces are introduced into the machine frame in a particularly favorable manner.

[0025] In the method according to the invention, it is further preferably provided that the guide rollers and / or guide shafts are each driven individually.

[0026] The actuation force and / or the actuation position of the guide rollers can be detected and / or controlled and / or regulated by means of pressure sensors and / or position sensors.

[0027] The method according to the invention is characterized in particular by the use of a straightening machine with the features described above.

[0028] The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings.

[0029] They show: Figure 1 is a top view of the straightening machine according to the invention, Figure 2 is an enlarged detail from Figure 1 Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the straightening machine according to the invention with a rail profile extending within the straightening machine; Figure 4 shows an enlarged section of the illustration in Figure 2Figure 5 is a perspective partial sectional view through the straightening machine, Figure 6 is a side view of the straightening machine partially in section, Figure 7 is an enlarged sectional view through a straightening shaft and straightening roller at the outlet end of the straightening machine according to the invention, and Figure 8 is a sectional view through a straightening shaft and roller of the straightening machine according to the invention.

[0030] The in Figure 1 The straightening machine 1 shown comprises a machine frame 2 which includes a plurality of straightening tools in the form of straightening rollers 3 arranged on vertically extending straightening shafts 4. The straightening rollers 3 form a straightening section, which in the illustration is shown as follows: Figure 1The straightening machine 1 is aligned with a roller conveyor line 5 of a straightening system. The straightening rollers 3 are arranged opposite each other in the straightening section, offset from one another. The machine frame 2 is movable transversely to the roller conveyor line 5 via displacement cylinders 10, which are designed as hydraulic piston-cylinder assemblies, and can thus be extended out of or into the roller conveyor line 5 as required. The straightening machine 1 shown in the exemplary embodiment is designed as a vertical straightening machine. In the roller conveyor line 5, it can, for example, be positioned upstream or downstream of a horizontal straightening machine. The straightening machine 1 comprises an inlet side guide 6 for a rail profile 7 and an outlet side guide 8. The rail profile 7 is, for example, Figure 3 depicted. This extends in the Figure 3The position shown is in a guideway formed by the guide rollers 3. Ideally, the guide rollers 3 rest against the profile flanks 9 of the rail profile 7 on both sides of the guideline defined by the rail profile 7.

[0031] The straightening machine 1 according to the invention comprises a total of eight straightening rollers 3 as straightening tools, each of which is arranged non-rotatably on a straightening shaft 4. The machine frame 2 comprises a bearing support 11 extending parallel to the straightening guide and supports 12 arranged on one side of the bearing support 11, which are movably arranged on rails 13 by means of the sliding cylinders 10. The supports 12 are connected by means of a crossbeam 14 extending parallel to the straightening guide. The supports 12 each accommodate the inlet side guide 6 and the outlet side guide 8.

[0032] As this is shown Figure 2As can be seen, three guide rollers 3 or guide shafts 4 are arranged pivotably about a vertical pivot axis 23 (axis extending into the drawing plane) in the drawing plane below the roller conveyor line 5, namely those guide rollers 3 in the Figure 2 , which are arranged below the roller guide line 5. The straightening roller 3 that is closest to the discharge side guide 8 of the straightening machine 1 can only be displaced horizontally in a linear fashion with respect to the guide and cannot be pivoted. The in the drawing plane in Figure 2 The four guide rollers 3 arranged above the roller conveyor line 5 are horizontally fixed in position. All guide rollers 3 are, as will be described below, axially aligned (i.e., in an axis that lies in the plane of the drawing). Figure 1 , 2 and 4(extends into) can be moved or hydraulically adjusted. The guide rollers 3 are arranged opposite each other along the guide track in such a way that they allow alternating bending on both sides of the rail profile 7. Three guide rollers 3 form a force triangle, with two guide rollers 3 arranged at a distance from each other in the plane of the drawing above the roller guide line 5 forming a stationary abutment for the swing arm adjustment of the guide roller 3 arranged opposite it below or between them.

[0033] According to the invention, both the horizontal adjustment movement of some guide rollers 3 and the vertical or axial adjustment movement of all guide rollers 3 are hydraulically actuated. As mentioned above, the guide rollers 3 adjoining the inlet side guide 6 perform an active horizontal adjustment movement about a vertical pivot axis 23 on a circular arc segment, in accordance with the guide rail and the roller conveyor line 5, respectively, whereas the opposing guide rollers 3 are fixedly mounted in the bearing support 11.

[0034] As can be seen in particular from the presentation in Figure 5As can be seen, the pivoting guide rollers 3 are each arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on a correspondingly pivotable guide shaft 4, wherein the guide shaft 4 is pivotably connected to a tie rod 16 by means of a bearing piece 15, the end of which is located away from the guide shaft 4 forming a piston 17 of a hydraulic cylinder 18, which is pivotably attached by means of pins 19 in a bearing housing 20 on the side of the bearing support 11 away from the guide shaft 4.

[0035] Pressurizing the cylinder 18 with hydraulic fluid causes the drawbar 16 to move transversely to the rail profile 7, thereby displacing the guide rollers 3 towards the profile flank 9 of the rail profile 7 facing the respective guide roller 3. In this process, the guide roller 3, moving along the circular arc segment, exerts a guiding force transversely to the guideline or longitudinal extent of the rail profile 7 on the profile flank 9 of the rail profile 7 facing the guide roller 3. A corresponding counterforce is exerted by the adjacent, opposite guide roller 3 on the opposite profile flank 9 of the rail profile 7.

[0036] A view in the direction of the guide or the roller guide line 5, showing the relative position of two guide shafts 4 or two opposing guide rollers 3 with respect to the rail profile 7, is shown in Figure 7 depicted.

[0037] In the described embodiment, the straightening rollers 3 each bear against the profile flanks 9 of the rail profile 7. However, the invention is to be understood as meaning that the straightening machine 1 can be designed such that the profile to be straightened, here the rail profile 7, can also be guided through the straightening rollers 3 in such a way that the rail profile 7 can also be straightened with respect to its axis with the greater section modulus.

[0038] As mentioned above, each of the guide shafts 4 can be rotated by means of a single motor 21 via a bevel gear 22.

[0039] As already mentioned above, all guide shafts 4 of the described embodiment are axially hydraulically adjustable; however, within the scope of the invention it may also be provided that one or the other guide shaft 4 is axially fixed or axially non-adjustable.

[0040] The fact that each of the guide shafts 4, with the guide rollers 3 mounted on them in a rotationally fixed manner, can be individually adjusted axially and / or radially hydraulically, makes it possible to detect and control the individual positions of the guide rollers 3 both axially and horizontally via corresponding position sensors, as well as their actuation force via corresponding pressure measuring devices. The actuation forces can be detected via a central control unit. Based on the detected actuation force, it is possible to directly determine, for example, whether all guide rollers 3 are axially aligned and correctly aligned with respect to the rail profile 7.

[0041] As this is particularly evident from the overall view of the Figure 3 and 5As can be seen, the pivotable arrangement of part of the guide shafts 4 results in an oscillating or scissor-like adjustment movement, which is relatively favorable in the machine frame 2 with regard to the required abutment forces. This makes it possible to design the machine frame 2 relatively simply while maintaining high stability. Reference symbol list

[0042] 1 Straightening machine 2 Machine frame 3 Straightening rollers 4 Straightening shafts 5 Roller conveyor line 6 Infeed side guide 7 Rail profile 8 Outfeed side guide 9 Profile flank 10 Sliding cylinder 11 Bearing support 12 Support 13 Rails 14 Crossbeam 15 Bearing piece 16 Tie rod 17 Piston 18 Cylinder 19 Pin 20 Bearing housing 21 Motor 22 Bevel gear 23 Vertical swivel axis

Claims

1. Straightening machine (1) for the straightening of sections, with a plurality of straightening rollers (3) which are arranged to be offset oppositely on either side of a straightening line and which form a straightening path, wherein the straightening rollers are arranged on vertically extending straightening shafts (4) and at least in part are arranged horizontally and / or axially adjustable with respect to a section guided on the straightening path, characterised in that at least some of the straightening shafts (4) are respectively configured to be individually hydraulically adjustable horizontally and / or axially.

2. Straightening machine (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one straightening shaft (4) is for the horizontal adjustment arranged to be movable about a vertical pivot axis (23) on a horizontal section of an arc with respect to the straightening line.

3. Straightening machine (1) according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterised in that at least one straightening shaft (4) is pivotably mounted in a machine frame (2) of the straightening machine (1).

4. Straightening machine (1) according to claim 3, characterised in that the at least one straightening shaft (4) is mounted in at least one pivot bearing of the machine frame (2).

5. Straightening machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the at least one pivotably mounted straightening shaft (4) has a counter-bearing on an opposite side of the straightening line.

6. Straightening machine (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterised in that the at least one pivotably mounted straightening shaft (4) is adjustable by way of at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder arrangement which is pivotably mounted on an opposite side of the straightening line.

7. Straightening machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that at least some of the straightening shafts (4) are individually driven.

8. Straightening machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised by at least one adjustment force regulation and / or position regulation of at least one straightening shaft (4).

9. Straightening machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is constructed as a vertical straightening machine.

10. Method of straightening sections in a straightening machine (1), wherein the method comprises straightening a section by means of a plurality of straightening rollers (3) on vertically extending straightening shafts (4) which are arranged on a straightening path to be oppositely offset on either side of a straightening line, characterised in that the straightening shafts (4) are at least in part individually and mutually independently hydraulically adjusted horizontally and / or axially relative to a section with application of a straightening force.

11. Method according to claim 10, characterised in that at least some straightening rollers (3) are adjusted by way of fulcrum mounting.

12. Method according to one of claims 10 and 11, characterised in that each of the straightening rollers (3) is individually driven.

13. Method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that the straightening rollers (3) arranged on one side of the straightening line are actively adjustable horizontally whereagainst the straightening rollers (3) provided on the opposite side of the straightening line are mounted to be fixed in horizontal position.

14. Method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterised in that the adjusting force and / or the adjusting position of the straightening rollers (3) is or are detected and / or controlled by means of pressure transmitters and / or position transmitters.

15. Method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterised by use of a straightening machine (1) with the features of any one of claims 1 to 9.