DYNAMIC CHARGING MECHANISM FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE BATTERIES

Abstract

A dynamic electric vehicle battery charger mechanism, characterized by comprising: - at least one fixed magnet (1) incorporated along the rail (2a) of a track (2) on which at least one electric vehicle (3) travels, and - one or more conductors (4), such as one or more solenoids, incorporated in the lower part (3a) of said at least one electric vehicle (3), wherein, with the movement of the electric vehicle (3) along the rail (2a) of said track (2), the fixed magnet (1) generates a current in the conductor (4) that can be used to recharge, at least partially, the battery (5) or batteries of the electric vehicle (3).

Description

DYNAMIC CHARGING MECHANISM FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE BATTERIES OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The invention, as stated in the present descriptive memorandum, refers to a dynamic electric vehicle battery charger mechanism that provides advantages and characteristics to the function for which it is intended, which are described in detail below. The object of the present invention is a mechanism that, based on the principle of electromagnetism, insofar as a time-changing magnetic field produces an electric field capable of inducing current in a conductor, basically comprises, on the one hand, at least one fixed sheet magnet, incorporated along the lane of a road or traffic track where an electric vehicle travels, and, on the other hand, one or more conductors, such as solenoids, which, incorporated in the lower part of said vehicle in the direction of travel, are electrically connected to each other, in series or in parallel, such that, when the vehicle moves along the lane, the magnet of the track generates a current in the conductor, such as a solenoid, which, in turn, can be used to charge, at least partially, the battery or batteries of the vehicle. FIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION The field of application of the present invention falls within the automotive industry sector, specifically in the field of the industry dedicated to the manufacture of electric vehicles, while also encompassing the field of infrastructure, in particular the construction of roads and other vehicle circulation routes. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION As is well known, Faraday discovered that a time-varying magnetic field can induce an electric current in a conductor, and years later, James Clerk Maxwell mathematically formulated the laws of electromagnetism that unified and explained Faraday's results. In particular, one of Maxwell's equations (the Faraday-Maxwell Law) states: Well, the objective of the present invention is to take advantage of this principle to enable a vehicle powered by electric batteries to recharge these batteries while moving along the road or highway on which it travels, this being provided as a magnetic field to cause the generation of electricity in the moving component that the vehicle will carry. The aim is to eliminate, or at least alleviate, the need to connect the vehicle's battery to a fixed electrical power source, thus extending the vehicle's autonomy capacity. Furthermore, and with reference to the current state of the art, it should be noted that, at least as far as the applicant is concerned, there is no knowledge of any other battery charging mechanism, nor any other invention of similar application for electric vehicles, that presents technical, structural and constitutive characteristics equal or similar to those claimed herein. EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION The dynamic electric vehicle battery charger mechanism proposed by the invention constitutes an optimal solution to achieve the objectives mentioned above, while also representing an improvement over the current state of the art, with the characterizing details that make it possible and that distinguish it being conveniently included in the final claims that accompany this description. Specifically, what the invention proposes, as previously mentioned, is a mechanism that, based on the principle of electromagnetism, basically comprises, on the one hand, at least one fixed magnet incorporated, preferably in the form of a sheet, along the lane of a road or traffic lane where at least one electric vehicle travels and, on the other hand, one or more conductors, such as solenoids, which, incorporated in the lower part of the electric vehicle in the direction of forward movement, in such a way that, when the vehicle moves along the lane of said road, the magnet generates a current in the conductor which, in turn, is capable of being used to recharge, at least partially, the battery or batteries of the electric vehicle dynamically while it is moving along the road. Ideally, when the vehicle incorporates more than one conductor, these are electrically connected to each other, either in series or in parallel. The magnet incorporated into the track in the lane where the vehicle travels is a conventional fixed magnet, although, optionally, it can consist of a neodymium magnet, depending on the desired or pursued performance in each case. Ideally, the magnet should be between half a meter and two meters wide and as long as the lane the vehicle travels on (a few kilometers). The longer the magnet, the longer the induction time, resulting in faster battery charging and greater vehicle range. Ideally, the mechanism is designed to incorporate the magnet into as many tracks as possible, so that if multiple tracks incorporate the magnet, forming a structural part of them, all electric vehicles that have conductors installed on the underside of them will self-charge every time they travel on those tracks. As for these conductors, they are preferably incorporated along the lower part of the vehicle, arranged parallel to each other, and can be of a completely circular or flattened section, in any case with a distance between the conductors and the magnet that is wide enough so as not to get caught on any obstacle, and that generates the performance of the induction. In any case, optionally, the mechanism may include the existence of a laminar mu-metal shield (metallic alloy with very low magnetic permeability) installed between the lower part of the vehicle and the conductors, such as the solenoids, so that it isolates the underside of the vehicle from the magnetic field of the magnet, in order to avoid any effect of resistance to the forward movement of the vehicle caused by the attraction of the road magnet on the metallic chassis of the vehicle. With the described mechanism, although a full recharge of the vehicle's battery(ies) at the end of the journey cannot be guaranteed, it essentially achieves this by reusing the residual energy from the system's inertia. This will all depend on the circuit's efficiency. However, even if the batteries are not fully charged, the range can be significantly increased, even when using conventional batteries. Finally, it is worth mentioning that, in a possible embodiment, the vehicle may incorporate batteries with additional capacity, which are charged during journeys and transmit part of their charge to other static batteries installed in a fixed location, during the night, or at any time when the vehicle is not in use. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS To complement the description being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, this descriptive document is accompanied, as an integral part thereof, by sheets of drawings in which the following has been represented for illustrative and non-limiting purposes: Figure 1 shows a schematic plan view of an example of a track and vehicle that constitute the dynamic battery charging mechanism that is the subject of the invention; Figure 2 shows a schematic elevation view of the track and vehicle shown in Figure 1, which make up the mechanism of the invention; and Figure number 3 shows an enlarged view of detail A indicated in figure 2, making the elements comprising the mechanism of the invention more clearly visible. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION In view of the aforementioned figures, and in accordance with the numbering adopted, one can observe in them an example of a non-limiting embodiment of the dynamic electric vehicle battery charger mechanism of the invention, which comprises what is described in detail below. Thus, as shown in the figures, the mechanism of the invention comprises: - at least one fixed magnet (1) incorporated along the lane (2a) of a traffic track (2) where at least one electric vehicle (3) travels, and - one or more conductors (4), such as solenoids, incorporated in the lower part (3a) of said at least one electric vehicle (3) in the forward direction, said conductor or conductors (4) being sized and connected in such a way that, when the electric vehicle (3) travels and moves along the lane (2a) of said road (2), the fixed magnet (1) generates a current in the conductor (4) which, in turn, is capable of being used to recharge, at least partially, the battery (5) or batteries of the electric vehicle (3). Optionally, the fixed magnet (1) is made of neodymium. Preferably, the fixed magnet (1) has a width (a) of between 0.5 and 2 meters and a length (l) of several kilometers, preferably as long as the length of the track (2). Furthermore, when the electric vehicle (3) incorporates more than one conductor (4), these are electrically connected to each other either in series or in parallel. In any case, preferably, the drivers (4) join along the lower part of the electric vehicle (3) arranged parallel to each other. Preferably, the conductors (4) are of flattened circular cross-section. Optionally, the mechanism also includes the existence of a shield (6), preferably of laminar configuration, and more preferably of mu-metal (metallic alloy with very low magnetic permeability), which is incorporated installed between the lower part (3a) of the electric vehicle (3) and the conductors (4), so that it isolates it from the magnetic field of the fixed magnet (1), in order to avoid any effect of resistance to the forward movement of the vehicle caused by the attraction of the magnet (1) of the track (2) on the metallic chassis of the electric vehicle (3). Having sufficiently described the nature of the present invention, as well as the manner of putting it into practice, it is not considered necessary to make its explanation more extensive so that any expert in the field can understand its scope and the advantages that derive from it.

Claims

1. A dynamic electric vehicle battery charger mechanism, characterized by comprising: - at least one fixed magnet (1) incorporated along the rail (2a) of a track (2) on which at least one electric vehicle (3) travels, and - one or more conductors (4), such as one or more solenoids, incorporated in the lower part (3a) of said at least one electric vehicle (3), where, with the movement of the electric vehicle (3) along the rail (2a) of said track (2), the fixed magnet (1) generates a current in the conductor (4) that can be used to recharge, at least partially, the battery (5) or batteries of the electric vehicle (3).

2. A dynamic electric vehicle battery charger mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed magnet (1) is made of neodymium. 3.A dynamic electric vehicle battery charger mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fixed magnet (1) has a width (a) of between 0.5 and 2 meters and a length (l) of several kilometers.

4. A dynamic electric vehicle battery charger mechanism according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, when the vehicle (3) incorporates more than one conductor (4), these are electrically connected to each other either in series or in parallel.

5. A dynamic electric vehicle battery charger mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that the conductors (4) are incorporated along the lower part of the vehicle, arranged parallel to each other.

6. A dynamic electric vehicle battery charger mechanism according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conductors (4) are of circular or flattened cross-section. 7.A dynamic electric vehicle battery charger mechanism, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a shield (6) installed between the lower part (3a) of the vehicle (3) and the conductors (4).

8. A kinetic electric vehicle battery charger mechanism, according to claim 7, characterized in that the shield (6) is laminar.

9. A kinetic electric vehicle battery charger mechanism, according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the shield (6) is made of mu-metal.