Method for drying calculus bovis and traditional chinese medicine preparation

Abstract

This application discloses a method for drying bezoar and a traditional Chinese medicine preparation. The drying method includes: placing wet bezoar in a drying oven and drying it at a first preset temperature for a first preset time to obtain dried material. The first preset temperature is 38°C to 40°C, and the first preset time is 9 to 10 hours. The drying oven is then heated to a second preset temperature at a rate of 1°C / hour to 2°C / hour, and dried at the second preset temperature for a second preset time to obtain dried bezoar. The second preset temperature is 41°C to 50°C. The heating time in the drying oven is a third preset time. The total time for the first, second, and third preset times is 24 to 48 hours. This application uses staged temperature-controlled drying, first pre-drying at a low temperature to allow the surface moisture of the bezoar to evaporate slowly, and then gradually increasing the temperature to promote the continuous removal of internal moisture. This shortens the drying cycle and reduces the phenomenon of rapid dehydration and hardening of the surface of the wet bezoar, thus reducing the problems of bezoar cracking and breakage.

Description

1. Description of a Drying Method for Bezoar and a Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparation This application relates to the field of drying technology, and more particularly to a drying method for bezoar and a traditional Chinese medicine preparation. Background Art Natural bezoar is a gallstone from the gallbladder of bovine animals. It has the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, calming the nerves, and has extremely high medicinal value. After harvesting, natural bezoar is moist or semi-solid, with a moisture content as high as 60% to 80%, requiring rapid drying in a short time to prevent mold growth. Traditional drying methods usually involve wrapping it in pith of rice paper or rush pith and placing it in a cool, shady place to air dry naturally. Alternatively, it can be wrapped in several layers of paper and placed in a lime vat for slow drying, usually requiring about 72 hours or even longer. This excessive drying time easily leads to mold growth. Existing drying methods mainly include natural air drying, quicklime drying, heated kiln drying, and constant temperature drying oven drying. While conventional constant-temperature oven drying (e.g., at 50°C) achieves a relatively fast drying speed, the excessively rapid dehydration rate often results in a much lower rate of moisture migration from the inside of the bezoar compared to the surface dehydration rate, causing internal stress concentration and leading to cracking and breakage. This application aims to provide a method for drying bezoar and a traditional Chinese medicine preparation to improve the problems of cracking and breakage that occur during the drying process in existing technologies. In a first aspect, this application provides a method for drying bezoar, comprising: placing wet bezoar in a drying oven and drying it at a first preset temperature for a first preset time to obtain a dried product, wherein the first preset temperature is 38°C to 40°C and the first preset time is 9 to 10 hours. The drying oven is then heated to a second preset temperature at a rate of 1°C / h to 2°C / h, and the dried product is dried at the second preset temperature for a second preset time to obtain dried bezoar, wherein the second preset temperature is 41°C to 50°C. The heating time in the drying oven is a third preset time, and the total time of the first preset time, the second preset time, and the third preset time is 24h to 48h. In some embodiments, before placing the fresh bezoar in the drying oven, the drying method further includes: cutting the wet bezoar into slices and / or blocks, placing them in a loading container, with a first gap between adjacent slices of wet bezoar. HK 30138785 A 2 In some embodiments, the thickness of the slices and / or blocks of wet bezoar is 5mm to 8mm. In some embodiments, the mass of the slices and / or blocks of wet bezoar is 5g to 15g. In some embodiments, the mass of the slices and / or blocks of wet bezoar is 8g to 12g. In some embodiments, the loading container includes at least one of a stainless steel tray, an aluminum alloy tray, a polytetrafluoroethylene coated tray, and a polypropylene tray. In some embodiments, the first gap is greater than 1cm. In some embodiments, the first gap is 2cm to 4cm. In some embodiments, the moisture content of the dried bezoar is not greater than 9%.Secondly, this application also provides a traditional Chinese medicine preparation, which includes bezoar prepared by any of the drying methods in the first aspect; the bezoar has a porous structure. Distinguishing itself from the prior art, this application provides a method for drying bezoar, comprising: placing wet bezoar in a drying oven and drying it at a first preset temperature for a first preset time to obtain dried material; the first preset temperature is 38°C to 40°C, and the first preset time is 9 to 10 hours. The drying oven is then heated to a second preset temperature at a rate of 1°C / h to 2°C / h, and the dried material is dried at the second preset temperature for a second preset time to obtain dried bezoar; the second preset temperature is 41°C to 50°C. The heating time in the drying oven is a third preset time, and the total time for the first, second, and third preset times is 24 to 48 hours. This application employs a phased temperature-controlled drying method. First, a low-temperature pre-drying process allows for the gradual evaporation of surface moisture from the bezoar. Then, a gradient temperature increase promotes the continuous removal of internal moisture, shortening the drying cycle, reducing the risk of mold growth, and minimizing the rapid dehydration and hardening of the wet bezoar surface. This also reduces the problem of bezoar cracking and breakage, and better preserves heat-sensitive active ingredients such as bilirubin and bile acids, improving the quality of the dried bezoar. Additional aspects and advantages of the embodiments of this application will be described, shown, or illustrated in part in the following description, or through implementation of the embodiments of this application. The accompanying drawings illustrate one or more embodiments by way of example. These illustrations are not intended to limit the embodiments, and elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements. Figure 1 is a flowchart of a bezoar drying method in some embodiments of this application. Detailed Description HK 30138785 A 3 To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. In this application, the term "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic commonly described with respect to that embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that excludes other embodiments. In the explanation of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, nor does it imply that the specified technical features have a specific meaning in terms of quantity, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship. In the explanation of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" refers to two or more, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically defined.In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, which can reflect three types of relationships. For example, A and / or B can present the following three situations: only A exists, A and B exist simultaneously, and only B exists. In addition, the character " / " in this article usually means that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship; " / " can also represent a proportional relationship; when " / " appears in a table, it can also indicate that there is no corresponding substance or parameter, and its specific meaning needs to be determined according to the actual scenario. The technical features involved in the different embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. In a first aspect, this application proposes a method for drying bezoar. Referring to Figure 1, the drying method includes the following steps: Step S1: Place the wet bezoar in a drying oven and dry it at a first preset temperature for a first preset time to obtain dried product. The first preset temperature is 38°C to 40°C, and the first preset time is 9h to 10h. Fresh bezoar (referred to as wet bezoar) is usually in a moist or semi-dry state after being taken out. Because fresh bezoar has an extremely high water content, it is highly susceptible to spoilage. If not dehydrated promptly, it easily becomes moldy, thus losing its medicinal value. Drying reduces the moisture content of fresh bezoar to national standards, minimizing mold growth. Furthermore, drying ensures the maximum preservation of active ingredients such as bilirubin and bile acids, meeting the standards for long-term storage, transportation, and medicinal use. This initial drying stage involves placing the moist bezoar at a relatively low temperature (38℃ to 40℃) for 9 to 10 hours. Due to its extremely high initial water content (usually exceeding 50%), direct drying at medium to high temperatures would cause the surface proteins and gelatinous components to rapidly shrink and harden, forming a dense, hard shell that hinders the outward migration of internal moisture. The low-temperature environment of the first preset temperature (38℃ to 40℃) is close to the natural evaporation temperature of the internal fluid of bezoar, which can effectively stimulate water molecules to diffuse from the inside to the surface and is not easily damaged by the molecular structure of heat-sensitive active ingredients such as bilirubin and bile acids. After this stage, the overall temperature of bezoar rises evenly, which can slowly evaporate the surface moisture of bezoar, forming a gentle humidity gradient inside and outside. The internal moisture can migrate smoothly to the outside, improving the flexibility of bezoar and reducing the problem of stress concentration inside bezoar caused by excessively rapid surface dehydration, which could lead to cracking and breakage. At the same time, it lays the foundation for subsequent deep drying. In some embodiments, the drying oven can be a forced-air constant temperature drying oven, an electric constant temperature drying oven, etc. Step S2: The drying oven is heated to the second preset temperature at a rate of 1℃ / h to 2℃ / h, and the dried material is dried at the second preset temperature for a second preset time to obtain the dried bezoar. The second preset temperature is 41℃ to 50℃. This stage is the middle and late stage of the drying process, which is the gradient temperature drying stage.Compared to directly raising the temperature to a constant high temperature for drying, a slow and uniform heating method allows the humidity gradient inside the bezoar to remain relatively gentle. As the temperature gradually increases, the moisture that has gradually migrated outward from the bezoar can continuously and stably evaporate from the surface, maintaining the uniformity of drying and reducing the phenomenon of rapid dehydration of the surface forming a hard shell that hinders the expulsion of internal moisture. The second preset temperature is 41℃ to 50℃. This temperature range can accelerate the evaporation rate of moisture, shorten the overall drying cycle, and prevent the heat-sensitive medicinal active ingredients such as bilirubin and bile acids in the bezoar from being damaged by excessively high temperatures, ensuring that the efficacy of the dried bezoar meets pharmaceutical standards. The heating time in the drying oven is the third preset time. The total time for the first, second, and third preset times is 24 to 48 hours. For example, the first preset drying time is 9 hours, with the drying oven heating from 38℃ to 45℃ at a rate of 1℃ / h. The third preset drying time is 7 hours, with the total drying time controlled at 28 hours. The second preset drying time is 12 hours. This ensures sufficient moisture removal without causing mold due to an excessively long drying period, and also reduces the decomposition and loss of active ingredients caused by prolonged drying. Controlling the total drying time within the range of 24 to 48 hours ensures sufficient moisture removal from the bezoar, maintaining the final moisture content within the range required for medicinal use, while preventing degradation of active ingredients due to excessive drying time. Furthermore, compared to traditional methods such as air drying or quicklime drying, this shortens the drying cycle and reduces the risk of mold growth during the drying process. During the initial and later stages of drying fresh bezoar, turning, heavy pressure, wind, or sun exposure are strictly prohibited throughout the entire drying process to minimize damage to the external shape of the bezoar and reduce the risk of cracking due to external forces. It also reduces the risk of surface moisture evaporation and crusting caused by wind and sun exposure. In some embodiments, before placing the fresh bezoar in a drying oven, the drying method further includes: cutting the wet bezoar into slices and / or blocks, placing them in a loading container, with a first gap between adjacent slices of wet bezoar. Cutting the bezoar into slices and / or blocks increases the contact area between the bezoar and the drying medium (loading container), accelerating the rate of moisture evaporation, and shortening the path distance for moisture to migrate from the interior to the surface of the wet bezoar, reducing the resistance to internal moisture migration, thereby further improving drying efficiency and reducing the problem of easy hardening of the bezoar surface. A first gap needs to be provided between adjacent slices of wet bezoar so that the surface of each slice can fully contact the air in the drying oven, reducing the problem of poor local air circulation and insufficient moisture evaporation caused by stacking and sticking the bezoar, which could lead to localized mold growth. In some embodiments, the thickness of the slices and / or blocks of wet bezoar is 5mm to 8mm.For example, the thickness of the wet bezoar is 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, etc. Setting the thickness within the range of 5mm to 8mm shortens the internal water migration distance of the wet bezoar after slicing, reducing the obstruction of deep water drainage. It also reduces the risk of excessive surface area due to excessively thin slices, leading to rapid initial surface water evaporation and the formation of a hard shell, and minimizes the risk of loss of active ingredients with surface water evaporation. In some embodiments, the weight of the sheet and / or block-shaped wet bezoar is 5g to 15g. For example, the weight of the wet bezoar is 5g, 8g, 10g, 12g, 15g, etc. Controlling the weight of the single block / piece of wet bezoar within this range reduces the risk of excessively large wet bezoar pieces causing excessively long water migration paths and prolonging the drying cycle, and also reduces the risk of excessive loss of active ingredients during slicing due to excessively small wet bezoar pieces. In some preferred embodiments, the mass of the sheet-like and / or block-like wet bezoar is 8g to 12g. Within this mass range, a better balance can be achieved between drying efficiency and retention of active ingredients. In some embodiments, the loading container includes a tray or a corrosion-resistant container. For example, the tray is at least one of stainless steel trays, aluminum alloy trays, PTFE-coated trays, and polypropylene trays. These loading containers are chemically stable and will not react with the active ingredients in the wet bezoar, nor will they release toxic or harmful substances that contaminate the bezoar, ensuring the medicinal safety of the dried bezoar. At the same time, these materials have good thermal conductivity, which helps to evenly transfer heat to the wet bezoar in the drying chamber, ensuring uniform overall temperature, further improving the uniformity of drying, and reducing the problem of insufficient or excessive drying in certain areas. In some embodiments, the first gap is greater than 1cm. For example, the first gap is 2cm to 4cm. It is understood that the range of the first gap can ensure smooth airflow around each piece of wet bezoar, fully removing the evaporated moisture, reducing excessive local humidity that slows down the drying rate, and will not waste the internal space of the drying chamber due to excessively large gaps, thus increasing the single drying throughput. In some embodiments, the dried bezoar has a moisture content of no more than 9%, and its appearance is golden yellow or brownish yellow, with a light and brittle texture and clear concentric layers in the cross-section. This meets the moisture content requirements of natural bezoar used in traditional Chinese medicine, ensuring that the bezoar (HK 30138785 A 6) will not mold during storage and transportation, thus meeting pharmaceutical standards. It should be noted that the method of this application is simple to operate, with a moderate drying cycle (24h to 48h). It requires no complex or expensive specialized equipment, only a common constant temperature drying oven. The equipment is highly versatile, has low promotion costs, and contains no chemical additives throughout the process, making it safe and environmentally friendly, suitable for large-scale application by pharmaceutical processing enterprises. This application provides a method for drying bezoar, which includes: placing the wet bezoar in a drying oven and drying it at a first preset temperature (38℃ to 40℃) for a first preset time (9h to 10h) to obtain a dried product.The drying oven is heated at a rate of 1°C to 2°C per hour to a second preset temperature, and the material is dried at this temperature for a second preset time. The second preset temperature is 41°C to 50°C, resulting in dried bezoar. The heating time in the drying oven is a third preset time, and the total time for the first, second, and third preset times is 24 to 48 hours. This application uses staged temperature-controlled drying, first pre-drying at a low temperature to allow the surface moisture of the bezoar to evaporate slowly, and then gradually increasing the temperature to promote the continuous removal of internal moisture. This shortens the drying cycle, reduces the risk of mold growth, and also reduces the phenomenon of rapid dehydration of the surface of the wet bezoar to form a hard shell, reducing the problems of bezoar cracking and breakage. It also better preserves the heat-sensitive active ingredients such as bilirubin and bile acids in the bezoar, improving the quality of the dried bezoar. Secondly, this application also provides a traditional Chinese medicine preparation, which includes bezoar prepared by any of the drying methods in the first aspect. Among them, the traditional Chinese medicine preparation containing bezoar can be any one of tablets, capsules, powders, and pills. The following describes the embodiments of this application. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. Where no specific technology or conditions are specified in the embodiments, the technology or conditions described in the literature in this field or the product instructions shall be followed. Where no manufacturer is specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially. Example 1 Raw material: fresh natural bezoar; place of origin: Argentina; initial moisture content: 78.5%; appearance: dark yellow with luster, soft texture. (1) Cut the wet bezoar into pieces of similar size (about 10g each), spread them flat in a 304 stainless steel tray, arrange them in a single layer, and the distance between adjacent wet bezoar pieces is about 3cm. Place the tray in an electric thermostatic drying oven (model: DHG-9240A), set the initial temperature to 38°C, and continue for 10 hours (first preset time) to obtain the dried product. (2) After 10 hours, the electric thermostatic drying oven was heated to 50℃ at a rate of 2℃ every 2 hours, i.e.: 38℃→40℃ (2h)→42℃ (2h)→44℃ (2h)→46℃ (2h)→48℃ (2h)→50℃ (2h). The heating treatment stage lasted for 14 hours (third preset time). Drying continued at 50℃ until the total drying time reached 48 hours, and the dried bezoar was taken out. The bezoar was not turned over during the drying period, and the oven door was opened quickly once every 8 hours to release moisture (≤1 minute). Example 2 Raw materials: fresh natural bezoar; Origin: Argentina; Initial moisture content: 78.5%; Appearance: dark yellow with luster, soft texture. (1) Cut the wet bezoar into pieces of similar size (about 10g each), lay them flat on a 304 stainless steel tray, arrange them in a single layer, and the distance between adjacent wet bezoars is about 3cm.Place the tray into the electric thermostatic drying oven (model: DHG-9240A), set the initial temperature to 40℃, and continue for 10 hours (first preset time) to obtain the dried product. (2) After 10 hours, heat the electric thermostatic drying oven at a rate of 1℃ per hour to 50℃, i.e.: 38℃→39℃ (1h)→40℃ (1h)→41℃ (1h)→42℃ (1h)→43℃ (1h)→44℃ (1h)→45℃ (1h)→46℃ (1h)→47℃ (1h)→48℃ (1h)→49℃ (1h)→50℃ (1h). The heating treatment stage lasts for 14 hours (third preset time). Continue drying at 50℃ until the total drying time reaches 36 hours, and then take out the dried bezoar. Do not turn the bezoar during the drying process. Open the door of the box quickly once every 8 hours to remove moisture (≤1 minute). Example 3 Raw materials: fresh natural bezoar; origin: Argentina; initial moisture content: 78.5%; appearance: dark yellow with luster, soft texture. (1) Cut the wet bezoar into pieces of similar size (about 10g each), spread them flat on a 304 stainless steel tray, place them in a single layer, and the distance between adjacent wet bezoar pieces is about 3cm. Place the tray in an electric heating constant temperature drying oven (model: DHG-9240A), set the initial temperature to 38℃, and continue for 10 hours (first preset time) to obtain the dried product. (2) After 10 hours, heat the electric heating constant temperature drying oven. The electric heating constant temperature drying oven heats up to 48℃ at a rate of 2℃ every 2 hours, that is: 38℃→40℃ (2h)→42℃ (2h)→44℃ (2h)→46℃ (2h)→48℃ (2h). The heating treatment stage lasted for 12 hours (third preset time). Continue drying at 48℃ until the total drying time reaches 40 hours, and take out the dried bezoar. Do not turn the bezoar during the drying period, and open the door of the box quickly once every 8 hours to remove moisture (≤1 minute). HK 30138785 A 8 Example 4 Raw materials: fresh natural bezoar; place of origin: Argentina; initial moisture content: 78.5%; appearance: dark yellow with luster, soft texture. (1) Cut the wet bezoar into pieces of similar size (about 10g each), spread them flat in a 304 stainless steel tray, arrange them in a single layer, and the distance between adjacent wet bezoars is about 3cm. Place the tray in an electric heating constant temperature drying oven (model: DHG-9240A), set the initial temperature to 35℃, and continue for 12 hours (first preset time) to obtain the dried product. (2) After 12 hours, the electric thermostatic drying oven is heated to 45℃ at a rate of 3℃ every 3 hours, i.e.: 35℃→38℃ (3h)→41℃ (3h)→44℃ (3h). The heating process lasts for 9 hours (third preset duration). Drying continues at 45℃ until the total drying time reaches 42 hours, then the dried bezoar is removed. The bezoar is not turned over during the drying process, and the oven door is opened quickly once every 8 hours for dehumidification (≤1 minute).Comparative Example 1 Raw material: fresh natural bezoar; origin: Argentina; initial moisture content: 78.5%; appearance: dark yellow with luster, soft texture. (1) Cut the wet bezoar into pieces of similar size (about 10g each), spread them flat on a 304 stainless steel tray, arrange them in a single layer, with a spacing of about 3cm between adjacent wet bezoar pieces. Place the tray in an electric thermostatic drying oven (model: DHG-9240A), set the temperature to 50℃, and continue drying for 48 hours to obtain the dried bezoar. Do not turn the bezoar over during the drying period, and open the oven door quickly once every 8 hours to remove moisture (≤1 minute). The dried bezoars from Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 were tested as follows. Moisture content test: The moisture content of the dried bezoar was determined by the drying method, and the operation was carried out according to the method specified in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The final moisture content result was recorded. Characteristic evaluation: The appearance, texture, cross-sectional layer texture and odor characteristics of the dried bezoar were comprehensively evaluated by 3 licensed Chinese medicine practitioners. Yield: The yield was calculated by counting the proportion of qualified bezoar that was free from mold, cracking, breakage, deformation, etc., and whose properties met the requirements of the pharmacopoeia after drying. The test results of the dried bezoar in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Parameters Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative Example 1 Moisture Content 8.2 8.5 8.0 8.7 8.9 HK 30138785 A 9 (%) Appearance Golden yellow, smooth surface without cracks, good luster Golden yellow, occasionally with small cracks, good luster Golden yellow, smooth surface without cracks, good luster Light yellow, occasionally with small cracks, good luster Dark yellow or even dark brown, with a large number of cracks on the surface Texture Light and brittle, easily broken by hand, not sticky Light and brittle, easily broken by hand, not sticky Light and brittle, easily broken by hand, not sticky Light and brittle, easily broken by hand, slightly sticky Texture Slightly hard, forming a hard shell on the surface, relatively high resistance when squeezed Cross-section Clear concentric layers, delicate and glossy Clear concentric layers The concentric layers are fine and glossy with clear texture, the concentric layers are relatively clear, the cross-section is blurry with fine and glossy texture, the odor is fragrant, there is no fishy or foul smell, the odor is fragrant, there is no fishy or foul smell, the odor is slightly burnt, the natural bezoar fragrance is not obvious. Yield (%) 96.5 92 97.5 94 58 According to Table 1, compared with Comparative Example 1, the bezoar prepared in the example has a lower moisture content, the finished product properties meet the requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia for natural bezoar, and the yield is significantly higher.Comparative Example 1 used constant temperature drying, but the initial temperature was too high, causing rapid dehydration of the surface layer and the formation of a hard shell, which blocked the expulsion of internal moisture. This ultimately led to problems such as cracking, hardening of the shell, and blurred layers, resulting in a yield of only 58%, far lower than the examples in this application. This demonstrates that the staged gradient temperature-controlled drying method of this application can effectively improve the quality of dried bezoar, increase the yield of qualified products, and is suitable for industrial production and processing of bezoar. Among Examples 1 to 4, Example 3 exhibits the best overall performance, with a yield of 97.5%. All properties of the dried bezoar show the best performance, representing the optimal parameter combination among all examples. This indicates that using the temperature gradient and time range specified in this application for drying can maximize the preservation of the excellent properties and medicinal quality of bezoar while controlling the drying cycle, achieving a good balance between drying efficiency and finished product quality. Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them; under the concept of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of this application as described above. For the sake of brevity, they are not provided in detail; although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. HK 30138785 A 1 Claim 1. A method for drying bezoar, characterized in that it comprises: placing wet bezoar in a drying oven and drying it at a first preset temperature for a first preset time to obtain a dried product; the first preset temperature is 38°C to 40°C, and the first preset time is 9h to 10h; heating the drying oven to a second preset temperature at a rate of 1°C / h to 2°C / h, and drying the dried product at the second preset temperature for a second preset time to obtain dried bezoar; the second preset temperature is 41°C to 50°C; the heating time of the drying oven is a third preset time, and the total time of the first preset time, the second preset time, and the third preset time is 24h to 48h. 2. The drying method according to claim 1, characterized in that, before placing the fresh bezoar in the drying oven, the drying method further includes: cutting the wet bezoar into slices and / or blocks, placing them in a loading container, wherein adjacent slices of the wet bezoar have a first gap. 3. The drying method according to claim 2, characterized in that the thickness of the slices and / or blocks of the wet bezoar is 5 mm to 8 mm.4. The drying method according to claim 2, wherein the mass of the wet bezoar in flake and / or block form is 5g to 15g. 5. The drying method according to claim 4, wherein the mass of the wet bezoar in flake and / or block form is 8g to 12g. 6. The drying method according to claim 2, wherein the loading container comprises at least one of a stainless steel tray, an aluminum alloy tray, a polytetrafluoroethylene coated tray, and a polypropylene tray. 7. The drying method according to claim 2, wherein the first gap is greater than 1cm. 8. The drying method according to claim 7, wherein the first gap is 2cm to 4cm. 9. The drying method according to claim 1, wherein the moisture content of the dried bezoar is not greater than 9%. 10. A traditional Chinese medicine preparation, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine preparation comprises bezoar prepared by any one of the drying methods according to claims 1 to 9. HK 30138785 A 1 (See Figure 1 in the specification)