Can bus-based intelligent electric vehicle charger and automatic switching charging method

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent electric vehicle charger based on a CAN bus and an automatic switching charging method.The intelligent electric vehicle charger comprises a charger body, the charger body comprises an MCU, a power input end and a charging interface end, the power input end and the charging interface end are connected to the MCU, the charging interface end is provided with a charging power terminal and a CP / PP terminal, a CAN transceiver chip is additionally arranged for the CP / PP terminal, and the CAN transceiver chip is connected with the MCU. The CAN bus communication module is configured to be used for performing CAN bus-based communication with a vehicle; the CAN transceiver chip is connected with the MCU; the charger body is equipped with an automatic switching mechanism, and when it is detected that the connected vehicle supports advanced communication, the CP / PP terminal serves as a channel for CAN signal transmission to establish a CAN bus communication connection with the vehicle supporting advanced communication, otherwise, a conventional CP / PP control mode is maintained. Therefore, CAN bus communication is realized by utilizing the CP / PP terminal, additional physical connection is not needed, the system complexity is reduced, automatic switching is realized, and the intelligent level is improved.

Description

(19) State Intellectual Property Office (12) Invention Patent Application (10) Application Publication Number (43) Application Publication Date (21) Application Number 202610109836.8 (22) Application Date 2026.01.27 (71) Applicant Huizhi Instrument Co., Ltd. Address Room 1105, 11th Floor, Hsieh Li Industrial Building, 49-51 Au Pui Wan Street, Fo Tan, Sha Tin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China (72) Inventors Lin Zhilin, Zhou Xiaofeng, Nishikawa Hiroki (74) Patent Agency Xiamen Xinhua Patent & Trademark Agency Co., Ltd. 35203 Patent Attorney Fan Xiaoyan, Xu Xunfu (51) Int.Cl. B60L 53 / 20 (2019.01) B60R 16 / 023 (2006.01) H02J 7 / 70 (2026.01) H02J 7 / 40 (2026.01) H02J 7 / 45 (2026.01) (54) Invention Title: Intelligent Electric Vehicle Charger Based on CAN Bus and Automatic Switching Charging Method (57) Abstract: This invention discloses an intelligent electric vehicle charger based on CAN bus and an automatic switching charging method, comprising a charger body, the charger body including an MCU and a power input terminal and a charging interface terminal respectively connected to the MCU, the charging interface terminal having a charging power terminal and a CP / PP terminal, and a CAN transceiver chip added to the CP / PP terminal, configured for communication with the vehicle based on CAN bus; the CAN transceiver chip is connected to the MCU; the charger body is equipped with an automatic switching mechanism, when it detects that the connected vehicle supports advanced communication, the CP / PP terminal is used as a channel for CAN signal transmission to establish a CAN bus communication connection with the vehicle supporting advanced communication, otherwise the traditional CP / PP control mode is maintained. In this way, it uses the CP / PP terminal to realize CAN bus communication without additional physical connection, reducing system complexity, and automatically switching to improve the level of intelligence. Claims (2 pages), Description (6 pages), Drawings (4 pages), CN 122058776 A, 2026.05.19, CN 1 22 05 87 76 A. 1. A smart electric vehicle charger based on a CAN bus, comprising a charger body, the charger body including an MCU and a power input terminal and a charging interface terminal respectively connected to the MCU, the charging interface terminal having a charging power terminal and a CP / PP terminal, characterized in that, for the CP / PP terminal, a CAN transceiver chip is added, configured for communication with the vehicle based on the CAN bus; the CAN transceiver chip is connected to the MCU; the charger body is equipped with an automatic switching mechanism, when it detects that the connected vehicle supports advanced communication, the CP / PP terminal...The CP / PP terminal serves as a channel for CAN signal transmission to establish a CAN bus communication connection with vehicles supporting advanced communication; otherwise, the traditional CP / PP control mode is maintained. 2. The intelligent electric vehicle charger based on a CAN bus according to claim 1, characterized in that the automatic switching mechanism is as follows: a detection module is added to the CP / PP terminal, configured to detect whether the vehicle supports advanced communication; the detection module is connected to the MCU; when the detection module detects that the vehicle supports advanced communication, the CP / PP terminal serves as a channel for CAN signal transmission to establish a CAN bus communication connection; when the detection module detects that the vehicle does not support advanced communication, the traditional CP / PP control mode is maintained. 3. The intelligent electric vehicle charger based on a CAN bus according to claim 2, characterized in that the detection module includes a voltage detection circuit; the voltage detection circuit is configured to measure the voltage change of the CP / PP terminal to determine whether the vehicle supports advanced communication. 4. The intelligent electric vehicle charger based on a CAN bus according to claim 2, characterized in that the detection module includes a signal analysis unit; the signal analysis unit is configured to analyze the signal characteristics of the CP / PP terminal. 5. The intelligent electric vehicle charger based on CAN bus according to claim 1, characterized in that the automatic switching mechanism is: defining specific CAN message frames to confirm the vehicle's communication capability. 6. The intelligent electric vehicle charger based on CAN bus according to claim 5, characterized in that CAN bus communication is performed using ISO 15764 and KWP2000 protocols, and specific diagnostic message frames are sent during the handshake phase to confirm the communication capability between the charger body and the vehicle. 7. The intelligent electric vehicle charger based on CAN bus according to claim 1, characterized in that the automatic switching mechanism adjusts the hardware configuration or software protocol stack of the charger body according to the detection results to achieve function switching. 8. The intelligent electric vehicle charger based on CAN bus according to claim 1, characterized in that the MCU integrates a CAN controller, and the CAN transceiver chip is connected to the CAN transceiver chip; or: the MCU does not integrate a CAN controller, but a CAN communication module is added for the CP / PP terminal, the CAN communication module including an interconnected CAN controller and the CAN transceiver chip, the CAN controller being connected to the MCU. 9. The intelligent electric vehicle charger based on CAN bus according to claim 1, characterized in that the charging interface is detachably or integrally connected to a charging plug with an extension cable. 10. An automatic switching charging method, characterized in that it utilizes the CAN-based charging method described in any one of claims 1 to 9.A smart electric vehicle charger based on a CAN bus charges a vehicle; the method includes the following steps: Step 1, connecting the charging interface to the vehicle; Step 2, detecting whether the vehicle's communication capability supports advanced communication; If yes, then using the CP / PP terminal as the channel for CAN signal transmission, establishing a CAN bus communication connection with the vehicle, determining charging parameters through the CAN bus, and then starting to charge the vehicle, while monitoring the battery status in real time through the CAN bus during the charging process until charging is completed and the connection is disconnected; If no, then using the CP / PP terminal to maintain the traditional CP / PP control mode, starting to charge the vehicle until charging is completed and the connection is disconnected. Claims 2 / 2 pages 3 CN 122058776 A Smart electric vehicle charger based on CAN bus and automatic switching charging method Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric vehicle chargers, and in particular to a smart electric vehicle charger based on a CAN bus and an automatic switching charging method, which supports multiple charging plugs (CCS1&2, CCS Type 1&2, etc.) to achieve CAN bus communication through the CP / PP terminal. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing global attention to environmental protection and energy efficiency, the popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) is rapidly increasing. To meet the needs of different regions and vehicle manufacturers, the standards for EV charging interfaces are also becoming more diverse. Currently commonly used charging standards include CCS1&2, CCS Type 1&2h, etc. However, existing AC charging piles typically only support a single charging standard and have the following problems in terms of communication functionality: Functional limitations of CP / PP terminals: Traditional CP (Control Pilot) and PP (Proximity Pilot) pins are mainly used for simple charging control and status indication, failing to fully utilize their potential.

[0003] Lack of CAN bus communication integration: Existing charging piles typically communicate with the vehicle ECU through the vehicle's diagnostic interface (such as OBD-II), which increases system complexity and cost.

[0004] Lack of intelligence: Advanced charging control and battery status monitoring cannot be achieved through CP / PP terminals.

[0005] Within the industry, a few solutions support multiple charging standards. For example, CN 115320446 A discloses an electric vehicle charging system based on a European standard charging pile, including a charging base interface, an electric vehicle communication controller, an on-board charger, and a power battery assembly; the charging base interface includes a DC charging port and an AC charging port, the AC charging port including AC input terminals and control terminals; the power battery assembly includes a battery management system.The system includes a power battery pack; the power battery pack is connected to a DC charging port; the electric vehicle communication controller includes a first control terminal, a second control terminal, and a third control terminal. The first control terminal is connected to a control terminal; the second control terminal is connected to the on-board charger; the third control terminal is connected to the battery management system via fast charging CAN; the on-board charger includes a power input terminal and a power output terminal. The power input terminal is connected to the AC input terminal, and the power output terminal is connected to the battery management system. This charging system is compatible with European standard charging piles. It wakes up the on-board charger using the CC line, PE line, and CP OUT, and then determines the charging type of the electric vehicle based on its PWM signal. At any time, the CC line, PE line, and CP line do not carry CAN signals.

[0006] CN 116691385 A discloses an AC / DC integrated electric vehicle charging system and its control method. The system includes a charging base, an on-board charger, a power distribution control module, a BMS module, and a battery pack. The charging base is equipped with an EVCC control module, which integrates an electric vehicle-side communication control chip. The EVCC control module is configured to: when a DC charging gun is connected, communicate and control with the BMS module via the power distribution control module, thereby controlling the DC charging gun to perform DC charging; when an AC charging gun is connected, communicate and control with the on-board charger via the on-board charger, and control the on-board charger to convert AC power to DC power, thereby performing AC charging. The charging base receives the signal from the charging gun and converts it into a CAN signal for communication and control with the electric vehicle, essentially making the charging base a CP / PP signal and CAN signal converter.

[0007] These systems all have limitations such as complex charging strategies and insufficient intelligence. Therefore, the applicant has researched an intelligent AC charging pile that can simultaneously support multiple charging standards and achieve CAN bus communication through CP / PP terminals. However, the aforementioned CP / PP terminals are mainly used for basic charging control and status indication in the prior art. As an existing control interface between the vehicle and the charging equipment (page 1 / 6 of the manual, CN 122058776 A), they have not been fully utilized to carry higher-level data interaction functions, and their potential communication and information carrying capacity needs to be further explored. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention addresses the deficiencies of the prior art, and its main objective is to provide a CAN bus-based intelligent electric vehicle charger and an automatic switching charging method. It utilizes CP / PP terminals to achieve CAN bus communication, eliminating the need for additional physical connections, reducing system complexity, and automatically switching to improve the level of intelligence.

[0009] To achieve the above objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A CAN bus-based intelligent electric vehicle charger, comprising a charger body, the charger body containing...The charger includes an MCU and a power input terminal and a charging interface terminal connected to the MCU. The charging interface terminal has a charging power terminal and a CP / PP terminal. A CAN transceiver chip is added to the CP / PP terminal, configured for CAN bus-based communication with the vehicle. The CAN transceiver chip is connected to the MCU. The charger body is equipped with an automatic switching mechanism. When the connected vehicle supports advanced communication, the CP / PP terminal is used as a CAN signal transmission channel to establish a CAN bus communication connection with the vehicle supporting advanced communication. Otherwise, the traditional CP / PP control mode is maintained. Specifically, when the connected vehicle supports CAN bus-based advanced communication, the CP / PP terminal is used as a CAN signal transmission channel; when the connected vehicle does not support advanced communication, the system automatically reverts to and maintains the traditional CP / PP control mode to ensure compatibility with existing vehicles.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the automatic switching mechanism is as follows: a detection module is added to the CP / PP terminal, configured to detect whether the vehicle supports advanced communication; the detection module is connected to the MCU. When the detection module detects that the vehicle supports advanced communication, the CP / PP terminal is used as a channel for CAN signal transmission to establish a CAN bus communication connection; when the detection module detects that the vehicle does not support advanced communication, the traditional CP / PP control mode is maintained. As a preferred embodiment, the detection module includes a voltage detection circuit; the voltage detection circuit is configured to measure the voltage change of the CP / PP terminal to determine whether the vehicle supports advanced communication.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the detection module includes a signal analysis unit; the signal analysis unit is configured to analyze the signal characteristics of the CP / PP terminal.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the automatic switching mechanism is as follows: a specific CAN message frame is defined to confirm the vehicle's communication capability.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, CAN bus communication is performed using ISO 15764 and KWP2000 protocols. During the handshake phase, specific diagnostic message frames are sent to confirm the communication capabilities of both the charger and the vehicle.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the automatic switching mechanism adjusts the hardware configuration or software protocol stack of the charger based on the detection results to achieve function switching.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the MCU integrates a CAN controller, and the CAN transceiver chip is connected to the CAN transceiver chip; or: the MCU does not integrate a CAN controller, but a CAN communication module is added for the CP / PP terminals. The CAN communication module includes an interconnected CAN controller and the CAN transceiver chip, and the CAN controller is connected to the MCU.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the charging interface is detachably or integrally connected to a charging plug with an extension cable. Specification 2 / 6 pages 5 CN 122058776 A

[0017] An automatic switching charging method, using the CAN bus-based intelligent electric vehicle charger described in any of the preceding claims to charge a vehicle; the method includes the following steps: Step 1, connecting the charging interface to the vehicle; Step 2, detecting whether the vehicle's communication capability supports advanced communication; If yes, then using the CP / PP terminal as the channel for CAN signal transmission, establishing a CAN bus communication connection with the vehicle, determining charging parameters through the CAN bus, and then starting to charge the vehicle, while monitoring the battery status in real time through the CAN bus during the charging process until charging is completed and the connection is disconnected; If no, then using the CP / PP terminal to maintain the traditional CP / PP control mode, starting to charge the vehicle until charging is completed and the connection is disconnected.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects. Specifically, as can be seen from the above technical solution, it mainly targets the CP / PP terminal, adding a CAN transceiver chip, which is configured to communicate with the vehicle based on the CAN bus; the CAN transceiver chip is connected to the MCU; the charger body is equipped with an automatic switching mechanism. When it detects that the connected vehicle supports advanced communication, the CP / PP terminal is used as the channel for CAN signal transmission to establish a CAN bus communication connection with the vehicle that supports advanced communication. Otherwise, the traditional CP / PP control mode is maintained. In this way, CAN bus communication is realized using the CP / PP terminal without additional physical connection, reducing system complexity, and automatically switching improves the level of intelligence.

[0019] Therefore, the present invention realizes advanced data interaction capabilities between the vehicle and the charging equipment without adding additional physical connection or destroying the existing interface standard.

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the structural features and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a CAN bus-based intelligent electric vehicle charger according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a CAN bus-based intelligent electric vehicle charger connected to a charging plug with an extension cable according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a structural diagram of a CAN bus-based intelligent electric vehicle charger according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a block diagram of a CAN bus communication module between the intelligent electric vehicle charger and the electric vehicle based on CP / PP terminals according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a flowchart of the automatic switching mechanism when the intelligent electric vehicle charger charges the electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention (showing the automatic switching charging method); Figure 6 is an interactive diagram of communication between the intelligent electric vehicle charger and multiple systems of the electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Description

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6, which show the specific structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] A smart electric vehicle charger (referring to a smart electric vehicle AC charging pile) based on a CAN bus includes a charger body. The charger body includes an MCU and a power input terminal and a charging interface terminal respectively connected to the MCU. Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, the charger body is also provided with a power module, a wired or wireless communication module, a communication port, and a real-time clock. The power module is connected between the power input terminal and the charging interface terminal. The power module, the real-time clock, and the wired or wireless communication module are respectively connected to the MCU. One end of the wired or wireless communication module is connected to the communication port. The communication port is used to connect to an external EMS or cloud service to share data information obtained through the CAN bus. In this embodiment, it can also be specifically understood that it has a protocol conversion module for sharing vehicle information obtained through CAN communication with an external EMS or cloud service via the OCPP protocol stack. The charging interface has a charging power terminal and a CP / PP terminal; the charging interface can be detachably or integrally connected to a charging plug with an extension cable. The charging power terminal and CP / PP terminal are essential terminals on a conventional electric vehicle charger: the CP / PP terminal includes a CP terminal and a PP terminal. In relevant standards for new energy vehicle charging, the CP and PP terminals have specific meanings. In the European standard CCS AC slow charging plug, the CP terminal is the control and guiding terminal, and the PP terminal is the plug presence terminal; the charging power terminal includes an L terminal, an N terminal, and a PE terminal. The L terminal connects to the phase wire of the power supply and is the main current flow path; the N terminal connects to the neutral wire and is the current return path to the power supply, providing a reference potential; the PE terminal is the protective ground wire, which can connect the device casing to the ground, providing a safe grounding path to prevent electric shock.

[0024] A CAN transceiver chip is added to the CP / PP terminal, configured for communication with the electric vehicle based on the CAN bus; the CAN transceiver chip is connected to the MCU; the charger body has an automatic switching mechanism. When it detects that the connected vehicle supports advanced communication, the CP / PP terminal serves as a channel for CAN signal transmission to establish a CAN bus communication connection with the vehicle supporting advanced communication (that is, the charging system and the electric vehicle charging directly use CAN communication); otherwise, the traditional CP / PP control mode is maintained (that is, when it is detected that the vehicle does not support advanced communication). It can also be understood that in the first usage state, the CP / PP terminal serves as a channel for CAN signal transmission to establish a CAN bus communication connection with the vehicle supporting advanced communication.In the first usage state, the CP / PP terminal maintains the traditional CP / PP control mode to communicate with vehicles that do not support advanced communication. This solution supports multiple charging standard interfaces (including but not limited to CCS1&2 and CCS Type 1&2). The automatic switching mechanism can employ handshake protocols, voltage or signal detection, etc. In actual design, one or more of these methods can be configured. Specifically: Method 1: A detection module is added to the CP / PP terminal, configured to detect whether the vehicle supports advanced communication. The detection module is connected to the MCU. When the detection module detects that the vehicle supports advanced communication, the CP / PP terminal serves as a CAN signal transmission channel, establishing a CAN bus communication connection (i.e., the charging system and the electric vehicle charging directly use CAN communication). When the detection module detects that the vehicle does not support advanced communication, the traditional CP / PP control mode is maintained. The detection module includes a voltage detection circuit; the voltage detection circuit is configured to measure the voltage change of the CP / PP terminal to determine whether the vehicle supports advanced communication. Alternatively, the detection module includes a signal analysis unit; the signal analysis unit is configured to analyze the signal characteristics (e.g., frequency, waveform) of the CP / PP terminal. As shown in Figure 1, one end of the detection module is connected to the CP / PP terminal, and the other end is connected to the switching control line (the structure within the dashed box in Figure 1 is used to simply illustrate the switching control line). The MCU has a traditional CP / PP signal connection terminal and a CAN communication connection terminal (the CAN communication connection terminal is connected to a CAN communication module). The switching control line switches the CP / PP terminal to connect with the traditional CP / PP signal connection terminal or the CAN communication connection terminal according to the detection result of the detection module.

[0025] Method 2: The automatic switching mechanism is: defining a specific CAN message frame to confirm the communication capability of both parties. For example: using ISO 15764 and KWP2000 protocols for CAN bus communication, sending a specific diagnostic message frame during the handshake phase to confirm the communication capability of both parties, and dynamically adjusting the functional mode of the CP / PP terminal according to the detection result. Regardless of whether it's method one or method two, the automatic switching mechanism will adjust the hardware configuration or software protocol stack according to the detection results (specifically, the detection results of the detection module or the confirmation results of the handshake protocol) to achieve function switching.

[0026] Referring to Figures 1 and 3, it should be noted that the CAN bus is a serial communication protocol widely used in automotive industrial control and other fields for communication between automotive electronic systems. It features high reliability, strong anti-interference capability, and good real-time performance. In the CAN communication system, the CAN communication module is a key component. The CAN communication module includes the CAN controller manual (pages 4 / 6, 7 CN).The 122058776 A and CAN transceiver chip are used. CAN controllers are typically integrated into processors, microcontrollers, or embedded systems, but independent CAN controllers can also be used, capable of independently sending and receiving CAN bus data. Therefore, in this invention, if an MCU with an integrated CAN controller is used, the CAN transceiver chip is connected to that CAN transceiver chip; if an MCU without an integrated CAN controller is used, a CAN communication module is added for the CP / PP terminals. This CAN communication module includes an interconnected CAN controller and the CAN transceiver chip, with the CAN controller connected to the MCU.

[0027] Next, referring to Figures 1 and 5, an automatic switching charging method is provided, which uses the aforementioned CAN bus-based intelligent electric vehicle charger to charge the vehicle; the method includes the following steps: Step 1, connecting the charging interface to the vehicle; Step 2, when the user connects the vehicle to the intelligent electric vehicle charger, the intelligent electric vehicle charger immediately detects the vehicle's communication capability. It can use voltage changes on the CP / PP terminals, specific signal characteristics (such as frequency, waveform), or handshake signals to determine whether the vehicle supports CAN communication, which also means detecting whether the vehicle's communication capability supports advanced communication (CAN communication), and intelligently selects the communication mode based on the detection result; If so, the CP / PP terminal is used as the channel for CAN signal transmission to establish a CAN bus communication connection with the vehicle. The establishment of CAN bus communication will connect to the vehicle's internal in-vehicle network system, i.e., the CAN network (as shown in Figure 6). When the intelligent electric vehicle charger successfully connects to the vehicle and starts CAN communication, the intelligent electric vehicle charger will determine the vehicle's battery parameters (e.g., capacity, charging current, etc.) and notify the vehicle of its own parameters (e.g., charger capacity, etc.). Then, it will start charging the vehicle (electric vehicle). During this process, the traditional CP / PP function is replaced by CAN communication to obtain battery status parameters in real time and perform intelligent charging control to ensure the safety and efficiency of the charging process. During the charging process, the intelligent electric vehicle charger and the vehicle continue to monitor the charging status and control parameters such as charging current through CAN communication, realizing battery status monitoring (e.g., reading battery SOC, SOH, etc.), fault diagnosis (e.g., obtaining vehicle fault codes and detailed information through diagnostic protocols (e.g., UDS / KWP2000)), and advanced charging control (e.g., working in conjunction with the vehicle ECU to realize intelligent charging modes, such as constant current / constant voltage charging), until charging is completed and the connection is disconnected; in this embodiment, the data information obtained through the CAN bus is shared with external EMS or cloud services via the OCPP protocol stack.

[0028] Otherwise, the traditional CP / PP control mode is maintained with the CP / PP terminal, and charging of the vehicle (electric vehicle) begins until charging is completed and the connection is disconnected.

[0029] During the charging process in CAN communication mode (also referring to CAN based on CP / PP mode), since the intelligent electric vehicle charger is in a state of bidirectional communication with the vehicle ECU and other systems through the CAN bus interface, it can achieve the following functions: 1. Battery health assessment: By long-term monitoring of battery status parameters, the health status of the battery is assessed and its lifespan is predicted.

[0030] 2. Anomaly detection: Real-time monitoring of abnormal conditions (such as overvoltage, undervoltage, and overcurrent) during the charging process, reading vehicle fault codes, and sending alarm information through the CAN bus; adjusting the charging mode in combination with feedback information from the vehicle ECU to ensure a safe and efficient charging process.

[0031] 3. Energy management: Communication with the vehicle's energy management system is realized in CAN bus communication, working in coordination with the vehicle's energy management system, dynamically adjusting power, and optimizing the charging strategy based on battery information obtained from CAN communication to improve energy utilization efficiency. 4. Information obtained from the CAN bus can then be uploaded to a cloud server via wired or wireless communication modules. Specifically, the data information is shared with external EMS or cloud services via the OCPP protocol stack to achieve local or remote cloud monitoring and management (including at least: battery status monitoring, fault diagnosis and charging strategy optimization, V2H control, etc.). In another embodiment, the CAN-based communication and power supply interface described in this invention is not only applicable to electric vehicles, but also to other types of power consumption or energy storage nodes. For example, the node can be a portable battery, a fixed battery, or other external power supply device, which is connected to the charger through an interface containing multiple pins, some of which are used for power transmission and some for CAN-based data communication. The different types of energy nodes can use a unified data model to interact with status information and energy information, so that the charger of this invention can not only operate as a device for electric vehicles, but also as a universal energy interface applicable to various energy nodes.

[0032] This intelligent electric vehicle charger is compatible with multiple charging plugs (CCS1&2, CCS Type 1&2, etc.) and achieves advanced communication functions with electric vehicles through CP / PP terminals. Specifically, this invention has the following advantages: 1. Multi-standard compatibility: Supports multiple charging interface standards such as CCS1&2 and CCS Type 1&2 to meet the needs of different vehicle models and markets. Supports physical adapters for multi-standard charging plugs, automatically matching the needs of different vehicles through electrical interface switching circuits.

[0033] 2. Backward compatibility: Implements CAN based CP / PP functions on various standards, while retaining traditional CP / PP functions, so even if the charging object (electric vehicle) does not support CAN, it can still be charged using traditional CP / PP functions.

[0034] 3. CAN Bus Integration: CAN bus communication is achieved using CP / PP terminals, eliminating the need for additional physical connections and reducing system complexity. Compared to traditional electric vehicle chargers, this invention adds a CAN transceiver chip to the hardware design, enabling bidirectional communication with the vehicle ECU without requiring an additional hardware adapter. In terms of software protocols, standard automotive CAN protocols (such as ISO 15764 and KWP2000) and diagnostic protocols (UDS) can be used to ensure compatibility.

[0035] 4. Automatic Switching Mechanism: When the intelligent electric vehicle charger is connected to an electric vehicle, it can automatically switch between CP / PP control functions and CAN communication functions according to vehicle requirements. When connecting to an electric vehicle, the charger uses methods such as voltage detection, signal analysis, or handshake protocols to confirm whether the electric vehicle supports CAN-based CP / PP functions, thereby determining whether to switch to CAN communication functions. After switching to CAN-based CP / PP functions, the original CP / PP functions are replaced by CAN communication. The intelligent electric vehicle charger uses the CAN bus to communicate with the electric vehicle to achieve advanced charging functions.

[0036] 5. Intelligent Diagnosis and Control: Communicates with the vehicle ECU (engine) and other systems (e.g., instrument panel assembly, air conditioning and heating system, anti-lock braking system, passive safety devices, body control module, etc.) via the CAN bus interface to achieve battery status monitoring, fault diagnosis, and advanced charging control.

[0037] 6. Data Sharing and Remote Cloud Monitoring and Management: Shares data information obtained from the CAN bus with external EMS or cloud services via the OCPP protocol stack to achieve local or remote cloud monitoring and management (including at least: battery status monitoring, fault diagnosis and charging strategy optimization, V2H control, etc.).

[0038] As can be seen, given its support for multi-standard compatibility and advanced communication functions, it significantly improves the charging experience and battery management capabilities. This technology not only reduces the complexity of the system but also lays the foundation for intelligent, cloud-based charging services, energy management, and vehicle maintenance for future electric vehicle charging.

[0039] It should be noted that in other embodiments, the above communication methods are not limited to CP / PP terminals; other types of control terminals or interface forms can also be applied.

[0040] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Specification 6 / 6 pages 9 CN 122058776 A Figure 1 Figure 2 Specification Drawings 1 / 4 pages 10 CN 122058776 A Figure 3 Figure 4 Specification Drawings 2 / 4 pages 11 CN 122058776 A Figure 5 SpecificationAccompanying drawing 3 / 4 page 12 CN 122058776 A Figure 6 Specification Accompanying drawing 4 / 4 page 13 CN 122058776 A Abstract This invention discloses a CAN bus-based intelligent electric vehicle charger and an automatic switching charging method, comprising a charger body; the charger body includes an MCU and a power input terminal and a charging interface terminal connected to the MCU respectively. The charging interface terminal has a charging power terminal and a CP / PP terminal. A CAN transceiver chip is provided at the CP / PP terminal, configured for CAN bus-based communication with the vehicle. The CAN transceiver chip is connected to the MCU. The charger body is equipped with an automatic switching mechanism. When an advanced communication technology is detected in the connected vehicle, the CP / PP terminal is used as a CAN signal transmission channel to establish a CAN bus communication connection with the vehicle supporting the advanced communication technology; otherwise, the traditional CP / PP control mode is maintained. In thisway, it uses CP / PP terminals to realize CAN bus communication without the need for additional physical connections, reducing system complexity, and automatically switching, thereby enhancing the level of intelligence.

Claims

1. A smart electric vehicle charger based on a CAN bus, comprising a charger body, the charger body including an MCU and a power input terminal and a charging interface terminal respectively connected to the MCU, the charging interface terminal having a charging power terminal and a CP / PP terminal, characterized in that... , A CAN transceiver chip is added to the CP / PP terminal, which is configured for communication with the vehicle based on the CAN bus; the CAN transceiver chip is connected to the MCU; The charger body is equipped with an automatic switching mechanism. When it detects that the connected vehicle supports advanced communication, the CP / PP terminal is used as a channel for CAN signal transmission to establish a CAN bus communication connection with the vehicle that supports advanced communication; otherwise, the traditional CP / PP control mode is maintained.

2. The intelligent electric vehicle charger based on CAN bus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic switching mechanism is as follows: a detection module is added to the CP / PP terminal, which is configured to detect whether the vehicle supports advanced communication. The detection module is connected to the MCU. When the detection module detects that the vehicle supports advanced communication, the CP / PP terminal is used as a channel for CAN signal transmission to establish a CAN bus communication connection. When the detection module detects that the vehicle does not support advanced communication, the traditional CP / PP control mode is maintained.

3. The intelligent electric vehicle charger based on CAN bus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection module includes a voltage detection circuit; the voltage detection circuit is configured to measure the voltage change of the CP / PP terminals to determine whether the vehicle supports advanced communication.

4. The intelligent electric vehicle charger based on CAN bus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection module includes a signal analysis unit; the signal analysis unit is configured to analyze the signal characteristics of the CP / PP terminals.

5. The intelligent electric vehicle charger based on CAN bus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic switching mechanism is as follows: define specific CAN message frames to confirm the vehicle's communication capabilities.

6. The intelligent electric vehicle charger based on CAN bus according to claim 5, characterized in that, CAN bus communication is performed using ISO15764 and KWP2000 protocols. During the handshake phase, specific diagnostic message frames are sent to confirm the communication capability between the charger and the vehicle.

7. The intelligent electric vehicle charger based on CAN bus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic switching mechanism adjusts the hardware configuration or software protocol stack of the charger body according to the detection results to achieve function switching.

8. The intelligent electric vehicle charger based on CAN bus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MCU integrates a CAN controller, and the CAN transceiver chip is connected to the CAN transceiver chip; or: The MCU does not integrate a CAN controller. Instead, a CAN communication module is added to the CP / PP terminal. The CAN communication module includes a CAN controller and a CAN transceiver chip that are interconnected. The CAN controller is connected to the MCU.

9. The intelligent electric vehicle charger based on CAN bus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging interface can be detachably or integrally connected to a charging plug with an extension cable.

10. An automatic switching charging method, characterized in that, The vehicle is charged using the CAN bus-based intelligent electric vehicle charger as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; the method includes the following steps: Step 1: Connect the charging interface to the vehicle; Step 2: Check if the vehicle's communication capabilities support advanced communication. If so, the CP / PP terminal is used as the channel for CAN signal transmission to establish a CAN bus communication connection with the vehicle, and the charging parameters are determined through the CAN bus. Then, the vehicle is charged and the battery status is monitored in real time through the CAN bus during the charging process until the charging is completed and the connection is disconnected. If not, the traditional CP / PP control mode is maintained at the CP / PP terminal to start charging the vehicle until charging is complete and the connection is disconnected.

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