Multilevel antimicrobial and pest repellent materials and preparation thereof

Abstract

Delivery of antibacterial, parasite repellent or antibacterial parasite repellent formulations is achieved by providing within a plurality of capsules or microspheres a material having an active ingredient that imparts antibacterial and / or parasite repellent properties. Materials in the capsule comprise a solvent or a carrier and an active material, wherein the active material imparts antibacterial and / or insect repellent properties. Capsules or microspheres are dispensed on a surface or target material, causing the active ingredient to disperse.

Description

(19) State Intellectual Property Office (12) Invention Patent Application (10) Application Publication Number (43) Application Publication Date (21) Application Number 202580007693.3 (22) Application Date 2025.01.26 (30) Priority Data 63 / 626543 2024.01.30 US (85) PCT International Application Entering National Phase Date 2026.06.17 (86) PCT International Application Application Data PCT / CN2025 / 075117 2025.01.26 (87) PCT International Application Publication Data WO2025 / 162360 EN 2025.08.07 (71) Applicant: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Address: Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China (72) Inventors: Yang Jinglun, Miao Xin (74) Patent Agency: Beijing Tianhao United Intellectual Property Agency Co., Ltd. 11112 Patent Attorney Sun Wei Yin Likun (51) Int.Cl. A01N 25 / 26 (2006.01) A01N 25 / 28 (2006.01) A01P 1 / 00 ​​(2006.01) A01P 3 / 00 (2006.01) B01J 13 / 02 (2006.01) (54) Invention Title Multi-level Antibacterial and Insecticidal Material and Preparation Thereof (57) Abstract Delivery of antibacterial, anthelmintic, or antimicrobial and anthelmintic preparations is achieved by providing materials with active ingredients that impart antibacterial and / or anthelmintic properties within multiple capsules or microspheres. The material within the capsules includes a solvent or carrier and an active material, wherein the active material imparts antibacterial and / or anthelmintic properties. The capsules or microspheres are dispensed onto the surface or target material to disperse the active ingredient. Claims (2 pages), Description (7 pages), Drawings (5 pages), CN 122421827 A, 2026.07.17, CN 1 22 42 18 27 A 1. A method for delivering an antibacterial preparation, an insect repellent preparation, or an antibacterial and insect repellent preparation, the method comprising: providing a plurality of capsules or microspheres; providing within the capsules or microspheres a material having an active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insect repellent properties; dispensing the capsules or microspheres onto a surface or target material; and dispersing the active ingredient. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the material having the active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insect repellent properties comprises a solvent and an active material imparting antibacterial and / or insect repellent properties. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the material having the active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insect repellent properties comprises a solvent and an essential oil, or comprises a solvent and a distilled vegetable oil. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the material having the active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insect repellent properties comprises a solvent and an essential oil, or comprises a solvent and a distilled vegetable oil.5. The method of claim 1, wherein the material comprises a lipid-based suspension, emulsion, or other suitable medium that facilitates efficient delivery of the material having the active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the material comprises: a lipid-based suspension, emulsion, or other suitable medium that facilitates efficient delivery of the material having the active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties; and the active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the material comprises: a lipid-based suspension, emulsion, or other suitable medium that facilitates efficient delivery of the material having the active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties; and the active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties comprising a solvent and an essential oil, or comprising a solvent and a distilled vegetable oil. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the material having the active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties comprises a solvent and an active material, the active material comprising an insect repellent. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the material having the active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties comprises: a solvent and an active material, the active material comprising at least one of the group consisting of insect repellents or anthelmintics, the insect repellents or anthelmintics comprising: an antibacterial agent selected from at least one of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), picaridin, IR3535, and p-menthane-3,8-diol synthetic compounds, and the active material further comprising at least one of the group consisting of natural essential oils and plant extract oils. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the material having the active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties comprises: a solvent and an active material, the active material comprising at least one of the group consisting of an insect repellent or insecticide, the insect repellent or insecticide comprising: an antibacterial agent selected from at least one of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), picaridin, IR3535, and p-menthane-3,8-diol synthetic compounds, and the active material further comprising at least one of the group consisting of: natural essential oils of lemon eucalyptus, neem, eucalyptus, lemongrass, orange, lemon, citrus, thyme, sage, peppermint, rosemary, lavender, and geranium, as well as DEET, p-menthane-3,8-diol, neem oil, lemon eucalyptus oil and thyme oil, rosemary oil, lemongrass oil, tea tree oil, and peppermint oil. Claims 1 / 2 Page 2 CN 122421827 A 11. The method of claim 1, further comprising coating the capsule or microsphere with a coating comprising an antibacterial and / or insect-repellent material. 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising forming the capsule or microsphere by manufacturing a material incorporating an antibacterial and / or insect-repellent material as a component of the outer shell of the capsule or microsphere.13. The method of claim 1, further comprising: forming capsules or microspheres with a diameter ranging from 0.35 micrometers to 20 micrometers, wherein the capsules or microspheres include a shell having a thickness less than 0.2 × diameter; and forming a shell of a polymer, or an inorganic material, or a mixture of a polymer and an inorganic material. 14. The method of claim 1, further comprising: forming capsules or microspheres with a diameter ranging from 0.35 micrometers to 20 micrometers, wherein the capsules or microspheres include a shell having a thickness less than 0.2 × diameter. 15. The method of claim 1, further comprising: forming capsules or microspheres with a diameter ranging from 0.35 micrometers to 20 micrometers. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising: forming the capsule or microsphere into a polymer shell made of a nonionic polymer and a cationic polymer selected from the group consisting of: nonionic or low-ionization polymers of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, poloxamer, and polyacrylamide; and cationic polymers of polyethyleneimine, polyhexamethylene biguanide, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), polyquaternium salts, and chitosan. 17. The method of claim 1, further comprising: forming the capsule or microsphere into a polymer shell comprising an inorganic oxide, said inorganic oxide including, but not limited to, silica, alumina, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide, silver oxide, and combinations thereof. 18. An antibacterial agent, insect repellent, or antimicrobial insect repellent comprising: a capsule or microsphere; and an antibacterial, insect repellent, or antimicrobial insect repellent formulation disposed within said capsule or microsphere, said formulation comprising a material having an active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insect repellent properties; wherein the capsule can be dispensed onto a surface or target material, such that said capsule or microsphere or said active ingredient is dispersed at said surface or target material. 19. The antibacterial agent, insect repellent, or antimicrobial insect repellent of claim 18, wherein the material having the active ingredient comprises: a lipid-based suspension, emulsion, or other suitable medium, said medium facilitating effective delivery of said material having the active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insect repellent properties; and the active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insect repellent properties. 20. The antimicrobial agent, insect repellent, or antimicrobial insect repellent of claim 18, wherein the material having the active ingredient comprises: a lipid-based suspension, emulsion, or other suitable medium that facilitates effective delivery of the material having the active ingredient imparting antimicrobial and / or insect repellent properties; and an active ingredient imparting antimicrobial and / or insect repellent properties comprising a solvent and an essential oil, or comprising a solvent and a distilled vegetable oil.Claims 2 / 2 Page 3 CN 122421827 A Multi-level Antibacterial and Insect-repellent Material and its Preparation

[0001] Related Applications

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 626,543, filed January 30, 2024, assigned to the assignee of this application and filed by the inventors of this application, which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to providing antibacterial and insect-repellent materials applied to surfaces or fabrics, and to methods for delivering antibacterial and insect-repellent materials using carrier structures. Background Art

[0004] It is well known that microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, molds, and spores cause diseases and symptoms, and the presence of these microorganisms in the environment increases the risk of infection and disease transmission. In addition to microorganisms, many pests such as biting insects, flies, and cockroaches are also disease vectors. For example, mosquitoes are known to transmit diseases such as malaria, West Nile virus, dengue fever, Zika virus, yellow fever, and chikungunya, as well as other diseases. Ticks are also known to carry diseases such as Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, babesiosis, and other exotic zoonotic diseases. Fleas are notorious for transmitting bubonic plague, while lice primarily transmit diseases such as typhus, relapsing fever, and trench fever. Bedbugs are also suspected of transmitting diseases such as Bartonella pentaphyllum and Trypanosoma cruzi. It is important to take measures to control and prevent the spread of these pests and microorganisms to minimize the risk of disease and symptom occurrence. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Antimicrobial preparations, insect repellents, or antimicrobial insect repellents are formulated by providing capsules or microspheres and providing within the capsules or microspheres a material having an active ingredient that imparts antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties. Microspheres having the active ingredient are dispensed onto a surface or target material, and the active ingredient is dispersed.

[0006] In one specific configuration, the material has an active ingredient that imparts antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties, the material comprising a solvent and an active material that imparts antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties. In another configuration, the material having the active ingredient comprises a solvent and an active material. In another configuration, the material having the active ingredient comprises a solvent and an essential oil, or comprises a solvent and a distilled vegetable oil. In another configuration, the material having the active ingredient comprises a lipid-based suspension, emulsion, or other suitable medium that facilitates the effective delivery of the material having the active ingredient that imparts antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties. In another configuration, the material having the active ingredient comprises a lipid-based suspension, emulsion, or other suitable medium that facilitates the effective delivery of the material having the active ingredient that imparts antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties; and the active ingredient that imparts antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties.

[0007] FIG1 is a microscopic image of a capsule suspension placed on a glass slide.

[0008] Figure 2 shows a photograph comparing the suspensions of formulations 2 and 3 in water.

[0009] Figures 3A and 3B are photographs of cotton fabrics treated with two different formulations. Figure 3A shows the application of formulation 2. Figure 3B shows the application of formulation 3.

[0010] Figure 4 shows photographs of bedbug repellency test results of untreated paper (left) and treated paper (right). Detailed Description

[0011] Overview

[0012] Throughout this specification, unless otherwise stated, when a component is described as "comprising or including" a component, the component does not exclude other components and may also include other components.

[0013] The technology of this disclosure relates to multi-level antimicrobial and insect repellent materials composed of spherical capsules characterized by an outer shell with antimicrobial properties. These properties include "contact killing" capabilities against a wide range of microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, molds, and spores. Furthermore, the outer shell exhibits "anti-adhesion" properties, inhibiting the attachment of these microorganisms and thus preventing biofilm formation and surface biofouling. These materials may also possess self-cleaning properties, thereby enhancing their effectiveness in maintaining clean surfaces.

[0014] The technology disclosed herein encompasses capsules or microspheres with diameters ranging from 0.35 micrometers to 20 micrometers, characterized by a thin outer shell made of polymers, inorganic materials, or a combination of both, with a thickness less than 0.2 times the diameter. The properties of the outer shell (including its permeability) modulate the release rate of the encapsulated active ingredient, which may comprise an insecticidal and antibacterial agent. These agents may consist of synthetic compounds such as DEET and picaridin, as well as natural essential oils such as lemon eucalyptus and neem. The capsule may exhibit antibacterial properties, providing contact killing or anti-adhesion effects against a variety of microorganisms. Furthermore, the capsule may be suspended in various carriers, including water, oil, or solvents, and applied in thin layers using methods such as spraying or dipping. This design enables prolonged dispensing of insect repellent and antibacterial effects, making it suitable for incorporation into various materials or surfaces to enhance its insect repellent and antibacterial properties.

[0015] The capsule (also known as a microsphere) encapsulates an insect repellent formulation consisting of one or a combination of synthetic, natural, or both insect repellents. The encapsulation process allows for controlled release of the stored insect repellent formulation, thereby providing extended effectiveness against target insects, including bedbugs, lice, ticks, fleas, mosquitoes, and other insects, as well as arthropods.

[0016] The resulting capsule or microsphere can be suspended in various carriers, including fluids such as water, oil, or solvents, and such suspensions can be applied in thin layers using methods such as spraying, brushing, dipping, spin coating, rolling, or casting.Alternatively, one or more active ingredients may be incorporated into the carrier.

[0017] The carriers disclosed herein encompass a range of formulations that may include lipid-based suspensions, emulsions, or other suitable media that facilitate the effective delivery of the encapsulated insect repellent. These formulations are designed to enhance the stability and release properties of the active ingredient while ensuring optimal application. The examples described below illustrate specific examples of these carriers, such as lipid emulsions, surfactant-stabilized solutions, or other formulations selected according to the design, which can be used based on the examples provided.

[0018] Furthermore, active materials may be prepared or deposited on the surface of capsules or microspheres, or incorporated into the solid portion of the capsule or microsphere outer skin or outer wall to impart antimicrobial and insect repellent properties to the material. This technology provides a versatile and effective method for controlling the spread of diseases and symptoms caused by microorganisms and pests. This technology can be used in a variety of environments, including homes, hospitals, schools, and public places, to enhance public health safety.

[0019] In one non-limiting example, the provided capsules or microspheres have a diameter ranging from 0.35 micrometers to 20 micrometers and consist of a thin shell with a thickness less than 0.2 × diameter. The thin shell may be composed of a polymer or inorganic material, or a mixture of polymers and inorganic materials. The thickness of the capsule or microsphere, combined with the permeability of the shell, determines the packaged active ingredient and its release rate.

[0020] In another non-limiting example, the polymer shell may be made of nonionic polymers and cationic polymers. The polymer may be selected from a range of materials, including nonionic or low-ionization polymers of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, poloxamer, and polyacrylamide, and cationic polymers of polyethyleneimine, polyhexamethylene biguanide, poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride), polyquaternary ammonium salts, and chitosan.

[0021] In another non-limiting example, the polymer shell may be made of an inorganic oxide, including but not limited to silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide, silver oxide, and combinations thereof. In another non-limiting example, the polymer shell may be made of a mixture of polymer and inorganic material, such as the polymer and inorganic material described above. In other non-limiting examples, the shell itself has antimicrobial properties that kill viruses, bacteria, fungi, molds, and spores upon contact, or may have antimicrobial properties that resist adhesion against bacteria, fungi, and molds. In this configuration, both the shell and the stored contents exhibit antimicrobial properties. As a non-limiting example, an insect repellent formulation encapsulated in a shell may exhibit insect and / or pest repellency, and the shell exhibits both contact-killing and anti-adhesion antimicrobial properties.

[0022] The capsule may be formed by the lipophilic-hydrophilic properties of the polymer forming the capsule.In this technology, the polymer surrounds the hydrophobic component to be encapsulated (i.e., essential oil, insect repellent agent), which itself forms an emulsion in an aqueous environment.

[0023] In another non-limiting example, the capsule contains an insect repellent or an insect repellent antibacterial agent. The agent may include N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), picaridin, IR3535, and p-menthane-3,8-diol synthetic compounds, as well as natural essential oils of lemon eucalyptus, neem, eucalyptus, lemongrass, orange, lemon, citrus, thyme, sage, peppermint, rosemary, lavender, and geranium, DEET, p-menthane-3,8-diol, neem oil, lemon eucalyptus oil and thyme oil, rosemary oil, lemongrass oil, tea tree oil, and peppermint oil.

[0024] The active material may be carried in the form of a solution or suspension within the capsule or microspheres.

[0025] In another non-limiting example, the capsules or microspheres are formulated or manufactured as a slow-acting storage formulation for long-lasting insect repellency. This enables long-lasting distribution of antibacterial and insect-repellent properties. Alternatively, the active substance can be manufactured for long-term antibacterial and insect-repellent effects.

[0026] In another non-limiting example, the capsules or microspheres are suspended in water, oil, or a solvent and can be applied in thin layers using methods such as spraying, brushing, dipping, spin coating, rolling, or casting. In another non-limiting example, the capsules or microspheres are applied to the surface of a target material or article to impart antibacterial and insect-repellent properties to the material or article. In another non-limiting example, the capsules or microspheres are incorporated into a target material or article to impart antibacterial and insect-repellent properties to the target material or article.

[0027] Configuration

[0028] The technology of this disclosure provides antibacterial and / or insect-repellent properties to a surface or target material by using capsules or microspheres containing a solvent or carrier, wherein antibacterial and / or insect-repellent materials are suspended or dissolved in the solvent or carrier. Similarly, capsules or microspheres may be coated with antibacterial and / or insect-repellent materials, or coated with antibacterial and / or insect-repellent materials carried by a carrier. Furthermore, the material used to form capsules or microspheres may incorporate antibacterial and / or insect-repellent materials as a component of the capsule or microsphere shell.

[0029] The antibacterial and / or insect-repellent materials for coating capsules or microspheres can be applied by dissolving or suspending the antibacterial and / or insect-repellent materials in a carrier, or the antibacterial and / or insect-repellent materials can be coated onto capsules or microspheres without using a carrier. The coating may be used in conjunction with a solvent or carrier containing antibacterial and / or insect-repellent materials contained within the capsule or microsphere.

[0030] Alternatively, the capsules or microspheres may also be coated with antibacterial and / or insect-repellent materials. Similarly, the capsules or microspheres may be encapsulated with antibacterial and / or insect-repellent materials and coated with the same or different antibacterial and / or insect-repellent materials.

[0031] Figure 1 shows a microscopic image of the capsule suspension placed on a glass slide.

[0032] Figure 2 shows a photograph comparing the suspensions of formulations 2 and 3 in water. The image shows a comparison of formulations 2 and 3.

[0033] Figures 3A and 3B show photographs of cotton fabrics coated with a multi-stage antibacterial and insect-repellent material. Formulation 2 was applied in Figure 3A, and formulation 3 was applied in Figure 3B.

[0034] Figure 4 shows a photograph of the results of a bedbug repellency test, showing bedbugs on untreated paper (left) and treated paper (right).

[0035] Examples

[0036] The following examples use sample test formulations (formulation 1, formulation 2, ...). It should be noted that the techniques of this disclosure can be implemented using different methods (e.g., those described below) and different formulations. Therefore, the specific techniques and specific formulations described in the following examples are shown as non-limiting examples of techniques and formulations.

[0037] The techniques of this disclosure have been tested using different formulations characterized by different repellent or antibacterial agents, such as essential oils.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A multi-stage antibacterial and insecticidal formulation 1 was prepared by adding 4.2 wt% nonionic polyvinyl alcohol, 1.0 wt% polyethyleneimine, and 0.3 wt% polyhexamethylene biguanide cationic polymer, and 0.1 wt% to 3.0 wt% cold-pressed neem oil (neem essential oil) to water. The mixture was vortexed and then homogenized under ultrasound to prepare an emulsion containing polymer capsules containing neem essential oil, as shown in Figure 1.

[0040] The formulation described in Example 1 can be further diluted with water at ratios of 1:2, 1:10, and 1:20 depending on the intended application.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] A multi-stage antibacterial and insect repellent preparation 2 was prepared by adding 4.2 wt% nonionic polyvinyl alcohol, 1.0 wt% polyethyleneimine, and 0.3 wt% polyhexamethylene biguanide cationic polymer, and 0.1 wt% to 3.0 wt% cold-pressed neem oil and orange essential oil to water. The mixture was vortexed and then homogenized under ultrasound to prepare an emulsion containing polymer capsules containing neem oil and orange essential oil, as shown in Figure 2.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] A multi-stage antibacterial and insect repellent preparation 3 was prepared by adding 4.2 wt% nonionic polyvinyl alcohol, 1.0 wt% polyethyleneimine, and 0.3 wt% polyhexamethylene biguanide cationic polymer, and 0.1 wt% to 3.0 wt% cold-pressed neem oil and lavender essential oil to water. The mixture was vortexed and then homogenized under ultrasound to prepare an emulsion containing polymer capsules containing neem oil and orange essential oil, as shown in Figure 2.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] Figures 3A and 3B show photographs of cotton fabrics coated with multi-level antibacterial and insect-repellent materials.Multi-stage antibacterial and insect repellent formulations 2 and 3 were applied to the cotton fabrics shown in Figures 3A and 3B, and their repellency against bed bugs was tested. Formulation 2 was applied in Figure 3A, and formulation 3 was applied in Figure 3B. The test involved placing ten bed bugs on untreated control paper and observing and measuring their movement toward or away from the treated fabric over a period of 4 hours. The repellency was assessed by counting the number of bed bugs on the treated fabric and the untreated paper.

[0047] Table 1 shows the repellency of the treated cotton fabrics against bed bugs (i.e., 100% repellency rate). This is a preliminary test. In practice, the repellency rate expected to be less than 100% is anticipated; however, this preliminary test shows that the technology of this disclosure exhibits a significant degree of effectiveness when applied to insect samples and other invertebrate samples on pages 4 / 7 of the specification 7 CN 122421827 A.

[0048] Table 1. Repellency test of cotton fabrics treated with formulations 2 and 3.

[0049]

[0050] Example 5

[0051] Habitat selection tests were conducted on the multi-stage antibacterial and insect repellent formulation 2, and as shown in Figure 2, bedbugs preferred untreated paper compared to paper sprayed with 0.1 ml of formulation 2.

[0052] Example 6

[0053] A multi-stage antibacterial and insect repellent formulation 4 was prepared by mixing 4.2 wt% nonionic polyvinyl alcohol, 1.0 wt% polyethyleneimine, and 0.3 wt% polyhexamethylene biguanide cationic polymer, and 0.1 wt% to 3.0 wt% thyme essential oil. The mixture was vortexed and then homogenized under ultrasound to prepare an emulsion containing polymer capsules containing thyme essential oil.

[0054] Example 7

[0055] A multi-stage antibacterial and insect repellent formulation 5 was prepared by mixing 4.2 wt% of nonionic polyvinyl alcohol, 1.0 wt% of polyethyleneimine, 0.3 wt% of polyhexamethylene biguanide cationic polymer, and 1.0 wt% to 10.0 wt% of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET). The mixture was vortexed and then homogenized under ultrasonication to prepare an emulsion containing polymer capsules containing DEET. DEET is used for its insect-repelling properties and is commonly used on surfaces accessible to humans.

[0056] Example 8

[0057] A multi-stage antibacterial and insect repellent formulation 6 was prepared by mixing 4.2 wt% of nonionic polyvinyl alcohol, 1.0 wt% of polyethyleneimine, 0.3 wt% of polyhexamethylene biguanide cationic polymer, and 1.0 wt% to 10.0 wt% of picaridin. The mixture is vortexed and then homogenized under ultrasound to produce an emulsion containing polymer capsules containing picaridin. Picaridin is used for its insect-repellent properties and in some cases for use on surfaces accessible to humans.

[0058] Example 9

[0059] A multi-stage antibacterial and insecticidal preparation 7 was prepared by adding 4.2 wt% of nonionic polyvinyl alcohol, 1.0 wt% of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), 0.3 wt% of polyhexamethylene biguanide cationic polymer, and 0.1 wt% to 3.0 wt% of cold-pressed neem oil to water. The mixture was vortexed and then homogenized under ultrasound to prepare an emulsion containing polymer capsules containing neem oil.

[0060] Example 10

[0061] A multi-stage antibacterial and insecticidal preparation 8 was prepared by mixing 4.2 wt% of nonionic polyvinyl alcohol, 1.0 wt% of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), 0.3 wt% of polyhexamethylene biguanide cationic polymer, and 1.0 wt% to 10.0 wt% of lemon eucalyptus oil. The mixture was vortexed and then homogenized under ultrasound to prepare an emulsion containing polymer capsules containing lemon eucalyptus oil. Although lemon eucalyptus oil is described, other eucalyptus oils and other distilled vegetable oils may also be used.

[0062] Example 11

[0063] A multi-stage antibacterial and insecticidal formulation 9 was prepared by mixing 4.2 wt% of nonionic polyvinylpyrrolidone, 1.0 wt% of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), and 0.3 wt% of a polyquaternary ammonium salt cationic polymer, and 1.0 wt% to 10.0 wt% of lemon eucalyptus oil and citronella oil. The mixture was vortexed and then homogenized under ultrasound to prepare an emulsion containing polymer capsules containing lemon eucalyptus oil and citronella oil.

[0064] Formulation 9 described in Example 11 may be further diluted with ethanol at ratios of 1:2, 1:10, and 1:20, depending on the intended application.

[0065] Example 12

[0066] A multi-stage antibacterial and insecticidal formulation 10 was prepared by mixing 3.2 wt% of nonionic polyvinyl alcohol, 1.0 wt% of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 1.0 wt% of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), and 0.3 wt% of polyhexamethylene biguanide cationic polymer, 1.0 wt% to 5.0 wt% of IR3535, and rosemary oil. The mixture was vortexed and then homogenized under ultrasound to prepare an emulsion dispersing polymer capsules containing IR3535 and rosemary oil.

[0067] Example 13

[0068] A multi-stage antibacterial and insecticidal formulation 11 was prepared by mixing 3.2 wt% of poloxamer surfactant, 1.0 wt% of silica (in the form of tetraethyl orthosilicate), 0.5 wt% to 1.0 wt% of silver, copper or zinc salt, 0.1 wt% to 3.0 wt% of neem oil and thyme essential oil. The mixture was vortexed and then homogenized under ultrasound to prepare an emulsion containing inorganic capsules containing neem oil and thyme essential oil.

[0069] Example 14

[0070] A multi-stage antibacterial and insecticidal formulation 12 was prepared by mixing 3.2 wt% of poloxamer surfactant, 1.0 wt% of silica (in the form of tetraethyl orthosilicate), 0.5 wt% to 1.0 wt% of copper or zinc salt, 0.1 wt% to 3.0 wt% of neem oil and orange essential oil, and 0.5 wt% to 1.0 wt% of ascorbic acid. The mixture was vortexed and then homogenized under ultrasound to prepare an emulsion dispersing inorganic capsules containing neem oil and orange essential oil.

[0071] Example 15

[0072] A multi-stage antibacterial and insecticidal formulation 13 was prepared by mixing 3.2 wt% of poloxamer surfactant, 1.0 wt% of titanium dioxide (in the form of isopropyl titanate, page 6 / 7, CN 122421827 A), 0.5 wt% to 1.0 wt% of silver, copper or zinc salt, 0.1 wt% to 3.0 wt% of neem oil and orange essential oil, and 0.5 wt% to 1.0 wt% of ascorbic acid. The mixture was vortexed and then homogenized under ultrasound to prepare an emulsion dispersing inorganic capsules containing neem oil and orange essential oil.

[0073] Example 16

[0074] A multi-stage antibacterial and insecticidal formulation 14 was prepared by mixing 3.2 wt% chitosan, 1.0 wt% titanium dioxide (in the form of isopropyl titanate), 0.5 wt% to 1.0 wt% silver, 0.1 wt% to 3.0 wt% DEET, and citronella oil. The mixture was vortexed and then homogenized under ultrasound to prepare an emulsion dispersing a hybrid polymer-titanium dioxide capsule containing DEET and citronella oil.

[0075] Closing Statement

[0076] It should be understood that, within the principles and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims, those skilled in the art can make many additional changes to the details, materials, steps, and configurations described and illustrated herein that explain the nature of the subject matter of the invention. Instruction manual, page 7 / 7, 10 CN 122421827 A, Figure 1; Instruction manual, Figure 1 / 5, page 11 CN 122421827 A, Figure 2; Instruction manual, Figure 2 / 5, page 12 CN 122421827 A, Figure 3A; Instruction manual, Figure 3 / 5, page 13 CN 122421827 A, Figure 3B; Instruction manual, Figure 4 / 5, page 14 CN 122421827 A, Figure 4; Instruction manual, Figure 5 / 5, page 15 CN 122421827 A.

Claims

1. A method for delivering an antibacterial agent, an anthelmintic agent, or an antibacterial and anthelmintic agent, the method comprising: Multiple capsules or microspheres are available; The capsule or microsphere contains a material having an active ingredient that imparts antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties; as well as The capsules or microspheres are dispensed onto a surface or target material; and Disperse the active ingredient.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the material having the active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties comprises a solvent and the active material imparting antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the material having the active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties comprises a solvent and an active material.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the material having the active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties comprises a solvent and an essential oil, or comprises a solvent and a distilled vegetable oil.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the material comprises a lipid-based suspension, emulsion, or other suitable medium that facilitates the effective delivery of the material having an active ingredient that imparts antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the material comprises: Lipid-based suspensions, emulsions, or other suitable media that facilitate the efficient delivery of the material having active ingredients that impart antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties; and Active ingredients that impart antibacterial and / or insect-repellent properties.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the material comprises: Lipid-based suspensions, emulsions, or other suitable media that facilitate the efficient delivery of the material having active ingredients that impart antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties; and Active ingredients that impart antibacterial and / or insect-repellent properties, containing solvents and essential oils, or containing solvents and distilled vegetable oils.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the material having an active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties comprises a solvent and an active material, the active material comprising an insect repellent.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the material having an active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insect-repellent properties comprises: Solvents and active materials, said active materials comprising at least one of the group consisting of anthelmintics or insecticides, said anthelmintics or insecticides comprising: An antibacterial preparation selected from at least one of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), picaridin, IR3535, and p-menthane-3,8-diol synthetic compounds, and The active material also includes at least one of the groups consisting of natural essential oils and plant extract oils.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the material having an active ingredient imparting antibacterial and / or insect-repellent properties comprises: Solvents and active materials, said active materials comprising at least one of the group consisting of anthelmintics or insecticides, said anthelmintics or insecticides comprising: An antibacterial preparation selected from at least one of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), picaridin, IR3535, and p-menthane-3,8-diol synthetic compounds, and The active material also comprises at least one of the following: natural essential oils of lemon eucalyptus, neem, eucalyptus, lemongrass, orange, lemon, citrus, thyme, sage, peppermint, rosemary, lavender and geranium, as well as DEET, p-menthane-3,8-diol, neem oil, lemon eucalyptus oil and thyme oil, rosemary oil, lemongrass oil, tea tree oil and peppermint oil.

11. The method of claim 1, further comprising coating the capsule or microspheres with a coating comprising antibacterial and / or insect-repellent materials.

12. The method of claim 1, further comprising forming the capsule or microsphere by manufacturing a material incorporating antibacterial and / or insect-repellent materials as components of the capsule or microsphere shell.

13. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Forming capsules or microspheres with a diameter ranging from 0.35 micrometers to 20 micrometers, wherein the capsules or microspheres include a shell with a thickness of less than 0.2 × diameter; as well as A shell that forms a polymer, or an inorganic material, or a mixture of polymers and inorganic materials.

14. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Capsules or microspheres with diameters ranging from 0.35 micrometers to 20 micrometers are formed, and the capsules or microspheres include a shell with a thickness of less than 0.2 × diameter.

15. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Capsules or microspheres with diameters ranging from 0.35 micrometers to 20 micrometers are formed.

16. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The capsules or microspheres are formed into a polymer shell made of nonionic and cationic polymers selected from the group consisting of: nonionic or low-ionization polymers of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, poloxamer and polyacrylamide, and cationic polymers of polyethyleneimine, polyhexamethylene biguanide, poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride), polyquaternium salts and chitosan.

17. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The capsules or microspheres are formed into a polymer shell containing inorganic oxides, including but not limited to silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide, silver oxide, and combinations thereof.

18. An antibacterial agent, insect repellent, or antibacterial and insect repellent agent comprising: Capsules or microspheres; and An antibacterial preparation, anthelmintic preparation, or antibacterial-anthelmintic preparation disposed within the capsule or microspheres, the preparation comprising a material having an active ingredient that imparts antibacterial and / or anthelmintic properties; thereby The capsule can be dispensed onto a surface or target material, such that the capsule or microspheres or the active ingredient are dispersed on the surface or target material.

19. The antibacterial agent, insect repellent, or antibacterial and insect repellent according to claim 18, wherein the material having the active ingredient comprises: Lipid-based suspensions, emulsions, or other suitable media that facilitate the efficient delivery of the material having active ingredients that impart antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties; and Active ingredients that impart antibacterial and / or insect-repellent properties.

20. The antibacterial agent, insect repellent, or antibacterial and insect repellent according to claim 18, wherein the material having the active ingredient comprises: Lipid-based suspensions, emulsions, or other suitable media that facilitate the efficient delivery of the material having active ingredients that impart antibacterial and / or insecticidal properties; and Active ingredients that impart antibacterial and / or insect-repellent properties, containing solvents and essential oils, or containing solvents and distilled vegetable oils.

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