Electrocution Detection and Alert System (EDAS)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrocution detection and alert system (EDAS) designed to monitor and prevent hazards caused by electrical leakage. The system comprises multiple peripheral units (100), each equipped with SCT013 sensors (102) to measure current, ZMPT101B sensors to measure voltage, and an embedded processing unit (104) to detect electrical leakage due to faulty earthing or water logging. The peripheral units (100) include hazard alert mechanisms that trigger AC bulbs (107), LEDs (108), LCD screen (105) and buzzers (106) to warn the public in the vicinity. These units transmit real-time current and voltage data wirelessly to a central unit (101), which oversees multiple zones. The central unit (101) controls relays (110) to automatically cut off power in affected zones, updates a web-based IoT dashboard (111) for remote monitoring, and sends SMS alerts to the local population to prevent potential electrocution hazards. The system provides a comprehensive safety solution by enabling real-time monitoring, automated shutdown of hazardous zones, and public notification. {Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4}

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[001] The present invention relates to an Electrocution Detection and Alert System (EDAS).More specifically, the invention focuses on detecting leakage of electrical current and voltagein areas with faulty earthing or water accumulation near electric supplies. The system aims toprotect both the public and electricity suppliers by providing real-time alerts via a centralizedsystem, dashboard (111) interface, and SMS notifications. It includes multiple peripheral units(100) that measure current and voltage and a central unit (101) responsible for monitoring andcontrolling electricity flow across various zones remotely.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[002] Electrical leakage is a significant hazard in areas where faulty earthing systems or wateraccumulation near electrical installations exist. Leakage current can flow through unintendedpaths, posing risks to both human life and infrastructure. In many urban and rural areas,exposed electrical systems can lead to electrocution hazards, particularly during adverseweather conditions or in environments with poor infrastructure maintenance [1]. Existingsystems often fail to detect these risks in real-time, leading to delays in addressing the dangerand potentially fatal consequences for individuals who come into contact with the exposedsurfaces.

[003] The problem of electrocution is further exacerbated by the inability to detect and mitigateelectricity leaks over larger areas, especially in public spaces with extensive electricalinstallations. Current solutions lack the integration of real-time monitoring, remote alertmechanisms, and centralized control, making it difficult for electricity suppliers to identify andreact to hazards swiftly [2].

[004] There is a need for an effective, real-time system that can detect electrical leakage, alertboth electricity suppliers and the public, and provide remote control over the electricity supplyin hazardous zones. Such a system must be able to gather critical data, such as current andvoltage levels, from multiple peripheral units and provide timely alerts to prevent accidents.

[005] The present invention, Electrocution Detection and Alert System (EDAS), addressesthese challenges by offering a comprehensive solution for detecting electrical leakage in realtime, alerting the electricity supplier and public, and enabling remote control over the electricitysupply in affected zones.OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

[006] The primary object of the present invention is to provide a real-time system for detectingand alerting about electrical leakage in zones with faulty earthing or accumulated water nearelectrical supplies, thereby preventing electrocution hazards.

[007] Another object of the invention is to develop a system that can monitor current andvoltage levels in multiple zones using peripheral units equipped with sensors, and transmit thedata wirelessly to a central unit for further processing and control.

[008] Yet another object of the invention is to provide a centralized control mechanism thatallows the electricity supplier to remotely monitor zones and control the electricity supplybased on real-time hazard detection, using relays to cut off electricity in the affected zones.

[009] A further object of the invention is to develop a hazard alert system at the peripheral unit(100) level, which includes visual and audio indicators, such as LCD screens, AC bulbs, LEDs,and buzzer, to notify people in the vicinity about the presence of dangerous leakage current.

[010] It is also an object of the invention to provide a web-based dashboard that allows theelectricity supplier to monitor zone-wise data including voltage, current, fatality levels,timelines, and zone locations, while offering remote control over the electricity supply.

[011] object of the invention is to integrate a GSM module for sending real-time SMS alerts tothe public in the vicinity of the leakage zone, warning them of the electrocution hazard.

[012] Additionally, the invention aims to enable the system to be scalable, allowing for themonitoring and control of multiple zones simultaneously, while also storing data for furtheranalysis and predictive maintenance through machine learning.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[013] The present invention, Electrocution Detection and Alert System (EDAS), provides acomprehensive solution for detecting electrical leakage and preventing electrocution hazardsin areas with faulty earthing or water accumulation near electrical installations. The systemconsists of multiple peripheral units and a central unit, all equipped with embedded processingunits that work together to detect, alert, and control the flow of electricity in hazardous zones.

[014] Each peripheral unit is equipped with current and voltage sensors, such as SCT013 andZMPT101B, along with an embedded processing unit that processes the measurements inreal-time. Upon detecting leakage current, the peripheral units trigger hazard alerts using ACbulbs, LEDs, LCD screen and buzzers, notifying people in the vicinity of the danger. Theseunits are designed to remain functional even after the central unit switches off electricity to thezone. Additionally, the embedded processing units wirelessly transmit the real-timemeasurements of current and voltage to the central unit, which can be positioned within a 500-meter range.

[015] The central unit, also featuring an embedded processing unit, aggregates data from allperipheral units and displays the status of each monitored zone using LEDs marked by zonenumbers. When a zone is detected to have free-flowing electricity, the corresponding LEDlights up, and the embedded processing unit activates a relay that automatically switches offthe power to that zone to prevent further hazards. This central processing unit also updates aweb-based dashboard that provides real-time data on voltage, current, fatality levels, andlocations, enabling remote control over the electricity supply from the electricity supplier'soffice.

[016] The system further incorporates an SMS alert mechanism via a GSM module, managedby the central unit's embedded processing unit, which sends real-time notifications to thepublic in affected areas, warning them of potential electrocution risks. The centralized systemallows electricity suppliers to monitor multiple zones simultaneously and remotely control theelectricity supply, adding an extra layer of security and management.

[016] Moreover, the invention is scalable and capable of integrating machine learningalgorithms to analyse data collected by the embedded processing units. This data can be usedto predict the condition of electrical supplies, enabling preventive maintenance and reducingfuture risks.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS

[018] The invention will be better understood with reference to the following drawings, whichare provided to illustrate the functioning and structure of the Electrocution Detection and AlertSystem (EDAS). The drawings are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[019] Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic view of the peripheral unit (100), showing the embeddedprocessing unit (104), the SCT013 current sensor (102), ZMPT101B voltage sensor, AC bulb(107), LED (108), LCD screen (105), buzzer (106), and the wireless communication module.The diagram also shows the placement of wires for earthing and water detection.

[020] Fig. 2 depicts a block diagram of the central unit (101), displaying the embeddedprocessing unit (104), zone-wise LEDs (108), LCD screen (105), relays (110), GSM module(109) for SMS alerts, and wireless receiver for communication with peripheral units (100). Thecentral unit's (101) connection to the web-based dashboard (111) and remote-controlfunctionality is also represented.

[021] Fig. 3 provides a flowchart showing the process flow of the system, starting from thedetection of leakage current and voltage at the peripheral units (100), hazard alert activation,data transmission to the central unit (101), relay (110) activation to cut power in affected zones,and the update of real-time data on the web-based dashboard (111).

[022] Fig. 4 demonstrates the web-based dashboard (111) interface, detailing how zone-wisedata on voltage, current, fatality levels, timelines, and location maps are displayed. Thediagram also shows the switch controls for remotely cutting off electricity in specific zones.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[023] The present invention relates to an electrocution detection and alert system (EDAS),which consists of a central unit (101) and multiple peripheral units (100) to detect leakagecurrent and voltage caused by faulty earthing or the presence of electricity in water nearelectric supplies. The system alerts both the electricity supplier via a centralized system anddashboard (111), as well as the local public through an SMS-based warning system.

[024] The peripheral units (100) are equipped with sensors to detect current and voltage,specifically the SCT013 sensor (100 amps) (102) for current measurement and the ZMPT101Bsensor for voltage measurement. These units are housed in weatherproof enclosures and aredesigned to monitor the presence of hazardous electricity. The peripheral units (100) includea hazard alert system consisting of an AC bulb (107), LED (108), LCD display (105) and buzzer(106). The AC bulb (107) lights up when a current leakage is detected and remains on untilthe leakage is stopped. Even after the electricity supply is cut off, the LED (108), LCD display(105) and buzzer (106) will continue to alert people in the vicinity, warning them of the potentialdanger.

[025] Each peripheral unit (100) has an embedded processing unit (104) that processes thesensor data and sends it to the central unit (101) wirelessly within a range of 500 meters. Theunits are equipped with two external wires: one connected to the ground for earthing and theother suspended slightly above the ground. This wire is designed to detect electricity flow inwater accumulated near electric supplies or in proximity to conductive surfaces.

[026] The central unit (101) receives current and voltage readings from the peripheral units(100) wirelessly. Each zone is monitored by its corresponding LED (108) on the central unit(101), which lights up when a leakage is detected and showing the status of active currentflow of zones on LCD display (105). The central unit (101) is also equipped with relays (110)that automatically disconnect the electricity supply to the affected zone in the event of a fault.This ensures that the flow of hazardous electricity is immediately stopped, reducing the risk ofelectrocution.

[027] The central unit (101) is controlled by an embedded processing unit (104) responsiblefor updating a web-based dashboard (111) using IoT. The dashboard (111) displays zone-wiseelectricity flow data, including voltage, current, and fatality levels, as well as real-time statusupdates of each zone on a map. The data is stored on the company's servers, and machinelearning algorithms can be applied to monitor the condition of the electrical poles / supplies overtime.

[028] The central unit (101) also has an integrated GSM module (109) that sends SMS alertsto the local population when a hazard is detected, warning them of potential electrocutionrisks. The system can be remotely controlled via the dashboard (111), which features a switchthat allows the central unit's (101) relays (110) to be operated from the electricity supplier'soffice. This functionality ensures that the electricity in affected zones can be switched offwithout delay, reducing the risk of electrocution.

[029] The dashboard (111) provides a comprehensive view of the electrical system, with realtime data on voltage, current, and the specific zones affected by electricity leakage. It alsoincludes a timeline feature for tracking historical data on voltage and current fluctuations,aiding in the analysis of faults and preventative maintenance. Additionally, the dashboard (111)provides map-based visualization of the affected zones, allowing for quick identification andresponse.

[030] The system's unique design ensures that even in the event of a power cut, the hazardalert system continues to function, with the help of embedded processing unit (104) withineach peripheral (100) device. This is critical for alerting people to the presence of hazardouselectricity even when the supply is switched off. The system is flexible and scalable, capableof being deployed in various environments with multiple peripheral units (100) coveringdifferent zones.EXPERIMENTAL DATA

[031] The following table demonstrates experimental findings on the effects of electricalcurrent passing through the human body, along with the corresponding voltage levels requiredto produce these effects. This information is crucial for understanding the electrocutionthresholds and the varying degrees of harm caused by different levels of current.Table 1: Experimental DataCurrent (mA) Voltage (1,000 Ω) Physiological Response1 mA 1 volt Sensation threshold; minor tingling may occur.15 mA 5 volts Maximum tolerable current before injury.15-20 mA 10 volts Onset of involuntary muscular contractions, commonlyreferred to as the "no-let-go" effect.100-300 mA 100 volts Can lead to ventricular fibrillation; potentially fatal if thecondition persists. Respiratory functions may remain intact.6 A 6,000 volts Causes sustained ventricular contraction and may result inrespiratory arrest, burns, and severe injuries or death.

[032] The data indicate that at approximately 1 mA of current, and a voltage of around 1 volt,the human body may begin to experience a slight tingling sensation. As the current increases,at 15 mA and 5 volts, the body reaches the maximum threshold before physical harm beginsto occur. At higher levels, such as 15-20 mA, the voltage reaches 10 volts, at which pointsustained and involuntary muscular contractions begin, commonly preventing the individualfrom disengaging from the source of electricity.

[033] As the current rises to the 100-300 mA range, with associated voltages of about 100volts, the risk of life-threatening conditions, such as ventricular fibrillation, becomes significant.Should the current reach levels of approximately 6 A (at 6,000 volts), severe complicationsarise, including respiratory arrest and irreversible damage, with a high likelihood of fatalitywithout immediate intervention.

[034] These findings form the basis for the operational thresholds of the ElectrocutionDetection and Alert System (EDAS). The system's design is intended to detect such criticalleakage currents and voltages and prevent the occurrence of hazardous incidents byactivating the necessary alerts and safeguards.ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION

[035] The present invention, the Electrocution Detection and Alert System (EDAS), offersseveral significant advantages over conventional safety mechanisms in detecting andpreventing electrical hazards. The system's unique combination of peripheral units (100) anda centralized control mechanism provides an advanced, efficient, and proactive approach tomanage electrical risks in public spaces, industrial environments, and residential areas.

[036] The invention allows for the early identification of current leakage due to faulty earthingor the flow of electricity through water near electrical supplies. By detecting hazardousconditions in real time, the system can alert the relevant authorities and individuals nearbybefore serious injuries or accidents occur.

[037] The system employs a distributed network of peripheral units (100) located in variouszones. Each zone is equipped with sensors and hazard alert mechanisms, ensuring that anypotential electrical hazard is localized and addressed immediately. The central unit (101) isequipped with LEDs (108) corresponding to each zone, which light up when leakage isdetected. This zone-wise monitoring ensures quick identification of problematic areas,allowing for timely corrective action.

[038] Upon detection of electricity leakage in a specific zone, the system automatically triggersrelays (110) to cut off the power supply in that area. This feature not only prevents furtherelectrical hazards but also limits damage to infrastructure and minimizes the risk to humanlife.

[039] The integration of IoT technology allows the central unit (101) to update and display livedata on a web-based dashboard (111). This dashboard (111) provides detailed information oncurrent and voltage levels, timelines of electrical activity, and fatality risks for each zone.Additionally, the system can be remotely controlled via the dashboard (111), enablingoperators to shut down or restore electricity in affected areas without physical intervention.

[040] The system is equipped with a GSM module (109) to send automatic SMS alerts toindividuals in proximity to zones where hazardous conditions have been detected. This featureensures that the local population is promptly informed of potential dangers, allowing them toavoid the affected area and remain safe.

[041] Each peripheral unit (100) is equipped with an audible and visual hazard alert system.In the event of an electrical hazard, an AC bulb (107), LCD screen (105), LED (108), andbuzzer (106) are activated to alert nearby individuals. The AC bulb (107) will stay lit as longas the surface remains energized, while the LCD screen (105), LED (108) and buzzer (106)continue to signal danger even after the central unit (101) cuts off the power, preventing furtherexposure to electrical risks.

[042] The modular nature of the system allows for easy scalability, making it adaptable tovarious environments, including urban infrastructure, industrial plants, and residentialcomplexes. The range of wireless communication between the peripheral units (100) and thecentral unit (101) hub extends up to 500 meters, ensuring comprehensive coverage of largeareas.

[043] The system generates detailed zone-wise data that can be utilized for predictivemaintenance using machine learning algorithms. This data can help electrical suppliersmonitor the condition of electrical supplies and other infrastructure, enabling proactivemaintenance and reducing the likelihood of future electrical hazards.

[044] The system can be easily integrated with existing electrical supply networks andinfrastructure, offering a cost-effective and efficient solution for enhancing safety. Its ability tointerface with web-based dashboards (111) and company websites adds another layer ofadministrative oversight and public safety.

[045] Overall, the Electrocution Detection and Alert System (EDAS) offers a comprehensive,multi-faceted solution for detecting, preventing, and managing electrical hazards. Its real-timedata monitoring, automated power control, and alerting mechanisms make it a highly effectivetool for ensuring public safety and enhancing the operational security of electrical networks.REFERENCE LIST

[100] Peripheral Unit

[101] Central Unit

[102] SCT013 Sensor

[103] ZMPT101B Sensor

[104] Embedded Processing Unit

[105] 16x2 LCD Display

[106] Passive Buzzer

[107] AC bulb

[108] LED

[109] GSM Module

[110] Relay

[111] Dashboard

[112] 12V Power SupplyREFERENCE[1] Muhammad, M., Ahmed, A., Zeyad, O., Amr, E., Ahmed, M., Abdelrahman, H. andAboelela, M., 2023, October. IoT-Based Smart Meter with Energy Theft Detection. In 2023 2ndInternational Conference on Smart Cities 4.0 (pp. 111-114). IEEE.https: / / ieeexplore.ieee.org / abstract / document / 10525848.[2] Matsuo, Â.K., Santos, A.E., Carvalho, C.B., Abreu, D.M., Luiz, D.F., Figueira, D.L., Silva,L.A., Souza, V.F. and Júnior, W.S., 2021, September. Smart Plug Prototype for ResidentialElectrical Energy Monitoring. In 2021 IEEE International Conference on ConsumerElectronics-Taiwan (ICCE-TW) (pp. 1-2). IEEE.https: / / ieeexplore.ieee.org / abstract / document / 9603262 / .

Claims

1. An Electrocution Detection and Alert System (EDAS) comprising: - A central unit (101) configured to receive and process current and voltage data from peripheral units (100), and control relays (110) to disconnect electricity in response to detected hazards. - A plurality of peripheral units (100) each comprising: - An SCT013 sensor (102) to measure current and a ZMPT101B sensor to measure voltage, - An embedded processing unit (104) to compute the measured data, - A hazard alert system including an AC bulb (107), LED (108) and buzzer (106) to alert people in the surrounding area when electricity is leaking, - A water and surface-sensing wire arrangement for detecting hazardous conditions, - A wireless communication module for sending measurement data to the central unit (101) within a 500-meter range.

2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the peripheral units (100) are configured to alert the public via: - Activation of the AC bulb (107), which remains lit until the electricity is switched off, - Continuous activation of the LED (108), LCD (105) display and buzzer (106) after the AC bulb (107) is off, ensuring ongoing alerts.

3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the central unit (101) is further configured to: - Display the status of each zone using LCD display (105) and dedicated LEDs (108) corresponding to the zones, - Automatically cut off electricity in zones where leakage is detected, through relay-controlled switches (110), - Update a web-based dashboard (111) using IoT for monitoring and control.

4. The system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the dashboard (111) displays: - Voltage, current, and fatality levels for each zone, - Timeline data for voltage and current trends, - A map-based interface indicating the location of hazards, - A control switch to manage relays (110) and cut off power remotely.

5. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein each peripheral unit (100) has an LCD display (105) to show warning messages and hazard information.

6. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the central unit (101) includes a GSM module (109) for sending SMS alerts to the local population warning them of potential electrocution hazards.