Solid-state energy storage system and method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solid-state energy storage system (100) comprising a high-capacity capacitor bank (102) for ultra-fast charging and discharging, supported by an IoT-enabled battery management system (BMS) (104) for real-time monitoring, control, and optimization. A spark plug-controlled grounding mechanism (106) ensures automatic discharge under abnormal conditions, while a structural body (108) made from recyclable, thermally resistant materials provides durability. A user interface (110) offers real-time performance feedback. The system charges a 2.5 kWh unit in under 5 minutes, with energy density ≥300 Wh / kg, and supports modular scalability. The method (600) includes steps of charging (602), monitoring (604), discharging (606), fault detection (608), data transmission (610), and intelligent charge cycle management (612). The invention is suitable for electric vehicles, renewable energy grids, and industrial applications.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[001] The present disclosure relates to the field of electrical and electronic energystorage systems. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a solid-stateenergy storage system and method thereof. It is applicable to electric vehicles,renewable energy grids, and smart power systems.BACKGROUND

[002] Conventional energy storage systems, particularly lithium-ion (Li-ion)batteries, have long dominated the electric vehicle (EV) and renewable energysectors. Despite their widespread adoption, these systems suffer from severalinherent limitations. One of the most critical drawbacks is the prolonged

[003] charging time, often ranging from 30 minutes to several hours, dependingon the battery capacity and charger type. This severely restricts operationalflexibility in fast-paced applications such as EVs and industrial systems.

[004] Another significant issue is the limited lifecycle of Li-ion batteries. Overtime, repeated charge and discharge cycles degrade battery performance, leading todiminished storage capacity and the need for frequent replacements. In addition, theenergy density of Li-ion batteries, while higher than some traditional chemistries,still falls short in addressing the demands of high-power applications where spaceand weight are critical factors.

[005] Safety is also a persistent concern. Li-ion batteries are prone to thermalrunaway, fire, and explosion risks, especially when subjected to physical damage,overcharging, or manufacturing defects. This vulnerability has led to various recallsand accidents in consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and stationary storagesystems.

[006] From an environmental standpoint, Li-ion batteries pose challenges due tothe use of non-renewable, toxic, and scarce materials such as cobalt, nickel, andlithium. The extraction and disposal of these elements contribute to ecologicaldamage and raise sustainability concerns. Additionally, end-of-life recyclingprocesses for these batteries are energy-intensive and not yet widely implemented.

[007] Prior art in this domain includes incremental improvements in batterychemistry and cooling systems, such as Tesla's Powerwall, LG Chem's RESUsystems, and CATL's battery modules. These systems offer enhanced performancewithin the constraints of lithium-ion technology but fail to address the fundamentallimitations of charging speed, safety, and environmental sustainability.Supercapacitor-based systems have been explored in academic and industrialsettings, but existing solutions lack high energy density and effective integrationwith intelligent monitoring and safety mechanisms.

[008] Thus, there exists a critical need for a high-performance, eco-friendly, andsmart energy storage solution that overcomes the inherent drawbacks ofconventional batteries and leverages the potential of emerging technologies.SUMMARY

[009] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a solid-state energy storage systemand method is provided.

[010] In some aspects of the present disclosure, a solid-state energy storagesystem comprising a capacitor bank configured for ultra-fast energy storage anddischarge; an IoT-enabled battery management system (BMS) configured tomonitor, control, and optimize charge and discharge cycles in real-time; a sparkplug-controlled grounding mechanism for controlled energy discharge and safetyenhancement; a structural body comprising insulating and recyclable materials fordurability and environmental sustainability; and a user interface configured todisplay performance parameters of the energy storage system, wherein the systemis capable of charging a 2.5 kWh unit in under 5 minutes and is modularly scalablefor use in electric vehicles, renewable energy grids, and industrial applications.

[011] In some aspects of the present disclosure, the capacitor bank provides anenergy density of at least 300 Wh / kg.

[012] In some aspects of the present disclosure, the battery management system(BMS) includes AI-based predictive maintenance and health diagnosticsfunctionality.

[013] In some aspects of the present disclosure, the spark plug-controlledgrounding mechanism is configured to discharge excess or unsafe voltage levelsautomatically during abnormal conditions.

[014] In some aspects of the present disclosure, the structural body is composedof high -strength, thermally resistant, and fully recyclable composite material.

[015] In some aspects of the present disclosure, the user interface comprises atouchscreen LCD display providing real-time updates on charge level, temperature,voltage, and fault conditions.

[016] In some aspects of the present disclosure, the IoT-enabled BMS isconfigured to transmit performance data wirelessly to a cloud-based monitoringplatform.

[017] In some aspects of the present disclosure, the system includes modularcomponents that allow capacity scaling across different voltage and kilowatt-hourconfigurations.

[018] In some aspects of the present disclosure, the system is integrated with asmart charging protocol capable of adjusting charge rates based on energy sourceavailability and grid conditions.

[019] In some aspects of the present disclosure, the system is designed for dualapplication across electric vehicle powertrains and stationary energy storagesystems in renewable energy grids.

[020] In some aspects of the present disclosure, a method for operating a solidstateenergy storage system, the method comprising charging a capacitor bank tostore electrical energy at a high energy density; monitoring charge and dischargeparameters using an IoT-enabled battery management system (BMS); dischargingenergy to an external load through controlled release from the capacitor bank;detecting abnormal conditions via sensors and activating a spark plug-controlledgrounding mechanism to safely discharge excess voltage; transmitting real-timeperformance data to a user interface and / or remote monitoring platform; andmanaging charge cycles based on predictive analytics for optimized performanceand extended system life.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a partof this specification, show certain aspects of the subject matter disclosed herein andtogether with the description, help explain some of the principles associated withthe disclosed implementations. In the drawing,

[022] Figure 1 illustrates a solid-state energy storage system, in accordance of thepresent disclosure;

[023] Figure 2 illustrates a structural layout of the solid-state energy storagesystem, in accordance of the present disclosure;

[024] Figure 3 illustrates a functional layout of the solid-state energy storagesystem, in accordance of the present disclosure;

[025] Figure 4 illustrates the control circuit architecture for the smart groundingand voltage balancing mechanism within the solid-state energy storage system, inaccordance of the present disclosure;

[026] Figure 5 illustrates a detailed schematic of the solid-state energy storagesystem dual capacitor bank and socket interface control unit, in accordance of thepresent disclosure; and

[027] Figure 6 illustrates a method for operating a solid-state energy storagesystem, in accordance of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[028] The present disclosure elaborates on various embodiments in detail. Whilespecific implementations are presented, they serve only as illustrative examples.Those skilled in the relevant field will recognize that other configurations andcomponents may be utilized without deviating from the essence and scope of thedisclosure. Consequently, the descriptions and drawings herein are to be understoodas illustrative rather than restrictive.

[029] Specific details are included to provide a comprehensive understanding ofthe disclosure, but well-known elements may be omitted to maintain clarity andconciseness. References to 'one embodiment,' 'an embodiment,' 'one aspect,' orsimilar phrases signify that the described feature, structure, or characteristic isapplicable to at least one embodiment. The repeated use of such terms does notnecessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor are different embodiments mutuallyexclusive. Certain features may appear in some embodiments but not in others.

[030] Terms used in this document generally carry their ordinary meanings withinthe relevant field, contextualized to the disclosure. Synonyms and alternativeterminology may also be employed without implying additional limitations.Examples provided herein are purely illustrative and do not define or constrain thescope of the disclosure. Similarly, the scope of the disclosure is not restricted to theembodiments explicitly described. For clarification, examples of instruments,methods, or results based on these embodiments are included, with headings andsubtitles used for convenience rather than to impose limitations. Unless explicitlydefined, technical and scientific terms are interpreted as understood by those skilledin the art. In cases of conflict, definitions within this document prevail.

[031] Additional features and advantages will be evident from the followingdescription or can be learned through the application of the principles disclosed.These features and benefits may be achieved using the methods and combinationsspecifically outlined in the appended claims, as well as through the practice of thedescribed principles. The full scope of the disclosure will become clearer from thesubsequent discussion and claims.

[032] As discussed before, there exists a critical need for a high-performance, eco20friendly, and smart energy storage solution that overcomes the inherent drawbacksof conventional batteries and leverages the potential of emerging technologies. Thepresent disclosure, therefore, addresses these shortcomings by introduces a smartsolid-state energy storage system using supercapacitors for ultra-fast charging. Itintegrates IoT-enabled control, real-time voltage sensing, and programmable relay25based socket management. A spark plug grounding mechanism ensures safetyduring fault conditions or overvoltage. The system is modular, eco-friendly, andideal for electric vehicles and renewable energy applications.

[033] Figure 1 illustrates a solid-state energy storage system, in accordance of thepresent disclosure. The present invention relates to an advanced solid-state energystorage system 100, hereinafter referred to as "Ultron," which is designed to addressthe limitations of conventional battery systems used in electric vehicles (EVs),renewable energy applications, and other high-power-demanding environments.Ultron is an innovative solution that integrates supercapacitor-based energy storagewith smart control features, ultra-fast charging capabilities, modular design, and anenvironmentally conscious structure. The system is built to deliver highperformance, safety, and sustainability.

[034] The present invention relates to an advanced energy storage system, termedthe Ultron Energy Storage System, which utilizes a novel dual-chamber electrodeconfiguration for improved stability, efficiency, and longevity. The systemcomprises a primary and secondary electrode chamber, both charged to identicalhigh negative voltages (250-400 kV) relative to ground, resulting in a zero internalpotential difference (PD) under idle conditions. A mirrored configuration exists forthe positive cycle, allowing dual charging cycles.

[035] Unlike conventional batteries, the zero PD prevents electrostatic stress andeliminates risks such as dendrite formation, thereby enhancing safety anddurability. A sophisticated Battery Management System (BMS) monitors electrodevoltages at microsecond intervals and maintains a configurable PD (e.g., 12V, 24V,or 48V) by discharging the secondary electrode using high-frequency pulses orgrounding mechanisms.

[036] When powering a load, electrons flow from the primary to the secondaryelectrode through the load, while the BMS ensures the PD remains stable bycontrolled discharging of the secondary electrode. This results in a highly efficient,balanced, and reliable power output. Key advantages include enhanced safety, realtimecontrol, flexible voltage output, and minimized degradation-making it arobust solution for modern energy storage applications.

[037] At the core of Ultron lies a high-capacity capacitor bank 102, which servesas the primary energy storage unit. Unlike electrochemical batteries,supercapacitors store energy through electrostatic processes, enabling rapid chargeand discharge cycles with significantly longer operational lifespans. Thesecapacitors exhibit excellent power density, and in Ultron's configuration, theyprovide energy densities exceeding 300 Wh / kg. This high energy-to-weight ratiomakes them particularly suited for mobile and space-constrained applications, suchas EVs and drones.

[038] The charging system 100 of Ultron is engineered to handle ultra-fast energyintake, allowing a 2.5 kWh unit to reach full capacity in under 5 minutes. This isachieved through optimized capacitor arrangements, proprietary charge controlalgorithms, and thermally stable materials. The system's 100 design minimizes heatgeneration during charging, ensuring safe operation even at high current levels. Theuse of solid-state components further enhances stability and eliminates risksassociated with liquid electrolytes.

[039] Ultron features a robust and intelligent Battery Management System (BMS)104 that goes beyond basic voltage and temperature regulation. The IoT-enabledBMS 104 continuously monitors multiple parameters including charge level,capacitor health, voltage balance, current flow, and temperature. It employs AIdrivenpredictive maintenance techniques to identify potential issues before theyresult in failures. This ensures optimal performance and extends the life of thesystem while significantly reducing downtime and maintenance costs.

[040] An important safety innovation in Ultron is the spark plug-controlledgrounding mechanism 106. This feature provides a controlled discharge path in theevent of overvoltage or emergency conditions. By using an automotive-grade sparkplug coupled with a grounding circuit, excess or unsafe energy is redirected in amanner that prevents damage to the storage unit and connected devices. This systemalso doubles as a protection mechanism during physical impact or systemmalfunctions.

[041] The system includes a smart LCD user interface 110, which offers usersreal-time visibility into performance data. This interface displays criticalinformation such as current charge status, voltage levels, temperature readings, andpredictive maintenance alerts. The UI is designed to be intuitive and accessible,making it user-friendly for both technical operators and everyday users of EVs andsmart home systems.

[042] Ultron's modular architecture enables scalability across a wide range ofapplications. Each unit can operate independently or in conjunction with additionalmodules to expand energy capacity or voltage range. This feature allows seamlessadaptation to varying requirements, from small-scale portable devices to large-scalegrid storage. The plug-and-play design also facilitates easy upgrades andmaintenance, significantly lowering operational complexity.

[043] A significant advantage of the Ultron system 100 is its sustainableconstruction. The structural housing and insulation materials are made fromrecyclable, thermally resistant composites. These materials not only ensuremechanical strength and durability but also align with global sustainability goals.The elimination of rare earth metals and toxic chemicals makes Ultronenvironmentally superior to conventional lithium-ion systems, both in productionand disposal phases.

[044] In practical use, Ultron demonstrates exceptional adaptability. For example,in electric vehicles, the system can power the drivetrain while responding rapidlyto acceleration and braking demands due to its fast charge / discharge capabilities. Inrenewable energy installations, such as solar or wind farms, Ultron can storeintermittent energy surges and deliver consistent power to the grid. It can alsofunction as a buffer system in smart homes, industrial automation systems, andmilitary applications requiring uninterrupted power delivery.

[045] Unlike conventional systems that often operate as closed, opaque units,Ultron emphasizes data transparency and connectivity. Through its IoT integration,system performance data is continuously uploaded to cloud platforms whereadvanced analytics tools evaluate and refine operating parameters. This data canalso be shared with maintenance teams, energy providers, or users via mobileapplications, promoting informed decision-making and remote control.

[046] Ultron also offers interoperability with energy management platforms,allowing it to function as a component within broader smart energy ecosystems.The system can communicate with smart grids, respond to demand-based signals,and participate in energy trading networks. Future versions may incorporateblockchain-based authentication for energy transactions and peer-to-peer powersharing.

[047] In comparison to prior art, Ultron marks a departure from incrementalimprovements in battery chemistry. Existing solutions like Tesla Powerwall, LGChem RESU, and CATL modules focus on enhancing lithium-ion technologythrough cooling systems, power optimization, and smart packaging. However, theyremain bound by the electrochemical constraints and resource dependencies oflithium-based storage. Ultron's capacitor-based design represents a paradigm shiftthat addresses not only performance but also sustainability and safety.

[048] The unique combination of features-ultra-fast charging, high energydensity, smart predictive BMS, safe discharge via spark plug grounding, andmodular construction-makes Ultron a breakthrough in energy storage. Itrepresents a viable and future-ready alternative to conventional batteries in diverseapplications ranging from electric mobility to decentralized energy storage.

[049] Ultron is also designed with future scalability in mind. The underlyingarchitecture allows integration of next-generation enhancements, such as AI-basedself-healing capacitors that can recover from minor damage autonomously.Research is also underway to incorporate wireless energy transfer capabilities,enabling contactless charging of vehicles and devices. Furthermore, developmentis planned for an autonomous fleet energy balancing system, which will allowdynamic distribution of energy among multiple vehicles or storage units based onreal-time demand and usage patterns.

[050] The invention anticipates the evolution of energy networks and includesprovisions for voltage and energy capacity customization. Different versions ofUltron may be configured to operate across various voltage levels and kilowatthourratings to suit specific use cases. Whether it's a 48V system for e-scooters ora 400V system for electric buses, the core technology remains consistent, reducingdevelopment costs and improving compatibility. The system charges also 8 kwh,2.5 kwh, 3.1 kwh, 5 kwh and 15 kwh unit.

[051] Figure 2 illustrates a structural layout of the solid-state energy storagesystem, in accordance of the present disclosure. The figure 2 presents a 3Disometric view of two cylindrical capacitor columns 202, 204, which are verticallyaligned and structurally secured within a compact housing. These supercapacitorsare interconnected in a series-parallel configuration to achieve the desired energydensity and voltage stability. The base includes color-coded wiring 206 to facilitatesafe and organized electrical connections with external systems.

[052] Figure 3 illustrates a functional layout of the solid-state energy storagesystem, in accordance of the present disclosure. The Fig.3 shows the cylindricalcapacitor bank arrangement 300, where multiple capacitors are interconnected in aseries-parallel configuration housed in two vertical columns for compact energystorage.

[053] The figure 3, provides a cross-sectional front view of the internalcomponents housed within the protective enclosure. Two large supercapacitor units302 are centrally located, each measuring approximately 30 cm in height and 4 cmin diameter, separated by a 1.2 cm insulating gap. At the top section of the module,a 3.7V lithium-ion cell supplies auxiliary power to a dedicated Battery ManagementSystem (BMS) integrated with a voltage regulation circuit. This BMS continuouslymonitors charge cycles, temperature, voltage balance, and system health usingsmart analytics and feedback mechanisms.

[054] A spark plug-based grounding mechanism 304 is also integrated near thetop of the system to safely discharge excess energy under fault or overvoltageconditions. Additional resistors (R) are placed in line with the circuit to regulatecurrent flow. The outer casing of the module is constructed from thermally resistant,recyclable materials to ensure insulation, structural durability, and environmentalcompliance.

[055] This integrated layout enables the Ultron system to deliver ultra-fastcharging, enhanced safety, and intelligent real-time performance monitoring,making it ideal for applications such as electric vehicles, renewable energy grids,and industrial power systems.

[056] The rubber layer 306 is typically applied to the inner or outer surface of themodule casing or around the capacitor bodies. Its primary purpose is to serve as aflexible insulating barrier and a vibration dampener. In energy storage systems,capacitors may experience mechanical shocks, especially in mobile applicationslike electric vehicles. The rubber layer absorbs mechanical stress, protects internalcomponents from impact damage, and prevents direct contact between conductiveparts and the casing. Additionally, it provides basic electrical insulation, preventingshort circuits or leakage paths to the outer environment.

[057] The solid insulator 308 refers to a rigid, non-conductive material placedbetween or around the capacitors 302 and other components within the module.This could be made from epoxy resin, fiberglass, or high-grade polymercomposites. Its function is to electrically isolate high-voltage components, ensuringthat there is no unintended conduction between internal parts or to the casing. Italso supports thermal resistance, contributing to overall heat management andstructural integrity. The solid insulator 308 is crucial in maintaining creepage andclearance distances, especially in compact, high-voltage assemblies.

[058] Ceramic powder (or "cerim powder") 310 is likely used as a thermal barrierand fire-resistant filler inside the module. It is often packed into cavities or layeredbetween components to absorb and dissipate heat. Ceramic materials have excellentthermal insulation and are chemically inert, making them ideal for suppressingthermal runaway events in high-energy systems. In case of a fault or overheating,ceramic powder can help prevent flames from propagating and reduce the risk ofexplosion or damage to adjacent units.

[059] The aluminum cylindrical shell 312 refers to the outer metallic enclosure ofthe supercapacitors or the entire module. Aluminum is lightweight, corrosionresistant,and has excellent thermal conductivity. It provides structural protectionagainst external mechanical impact, electromagnetic shielding from interference,and aids in dissipating heat generated during rapid charge / discharge cycles. Thecylindrical form allows for efficient space usage and uniform pressure distribution,important in applications involving vibration or physical stress (e.g., EVs).

[060] Figure 4 illustrates the control circuit architecture 400 for the smartgrounding and voltage balancing mechanism within the solid-state energy storagesystem, in accordance of the present disclosure. The fig. 4 shows a programmedchip interfaced with a voltage sensor 402 and relay 404 to dynamically managevoltage differences between two capacitor banks designated as "High Negative"406 and "Low Negative" 408. The system 400 includes a 5V capacitor 410connected through a resistor 412 to the programmed chip 414, which processesvoltage readings from the sensor 402. Based on the voltage differential, the chip414 actuates the relay 404 to control current flow and initiate spark plug dischargeif necessary. The plug 416 acts as a safety feature, automatically discharging excessenergy when voltage imbalance is detected. This setup enhances system stability,prevents overvoltage damage, and ensures safe operation of the supercapacitorarray.

[061] Figure 5 illustrates a detailed schematic of the solid-state energy storagesystem dual capacitor bank and socket interface control unit, in accordance of thepresent disclosure. Figure 5 presents a detailed schematic of the solid-state energystorage system 500 dual capacitor bank 502 and socket interface control unit 504.The figure 5 is divided into two sections: the upper section represents the physicallayout of the capacitor banks 502, and the lower section shows the internal circuitrythat controls energy output through the positive and negative sockets.

[062] In the upper half, the illustration shows two sets of vertically mountedcapacitor banks 502. On the left are the negative high-voltage supercapacitorcolumns labeled "High Volt (-ve)" with black terminals, while the right side showsthe positive high-voltage supercapacitor columns labeled "High Volt (+ve)" withred terminals. Each bank comprises multiple supercapacitors arranged in a series20parallel configuration to achieve the desired voltage and capacity. The banks 502are secured on independent bases and interconnected through a set of color-codedwires representing negative, positive, and ground terminals.

[063] These wires lead into the lower section of the figure 5, which features aprinted circuit board (PCB) 504 responsible for regulating output and systemprotection. The PCB 504 is at the core of the control architecture, coordinating thefunction of multiple voltage sensors and relays. Voltage sensors are positionedbetween the banks and the socket enablers to monitor live voltage levels at thenegative and positive outputs.

[064] Two relay-based socket enablers "Relay-Negative Socket Enabler" and"Relay-Positive Socket Enabler" are shown. These relays act as digital switches,controlled by the logic programmed into the PCB. Based on sensor readings, therelays activate or deactivate the corresponding sockets to ensure safe, consistentpower flow.

[065] Additional relay-ground lines - "Relay Ground 1" and "Relay Ground 2"- are integrated to provide controlled discharge paths in the event of faultconditions or voltage spikes. These prevent damage to the capacitor banks andprotect downstream equipment.

[066] The sockets are labeled clearly: "+P" and "+S" for the positive output, and"-P" and "-S" for the negative output. This entire control system supports dynamicsocket management and fault-tolerant operation, essential for high-powerapplications like EVs, industrial machines, and smart grid systems.

[067] Figure 6 illustrates a method 600 for operating a solid-state energy storagesystem, in accordance of the present disclosure. The present disclosure relates to amethod 600 for operating a solid-state energy storage system involves detectingvoltage levels across supercapacitor banks using voltage sensors; activating ordeactivating output sockets via relays based on sensor input; and safely groundingexcess voltage through a programmed discharge control mechanism.

[068] At step 602, the method 600 involves charging a capacitor bank 102 to storeelectrical energy at a high energy density.

[069] At step 604, the method 600 involves monitoring charge and dischargeparameters using an IoT-enabled battery management system (BMS) 104.

[070] At step 606, the method 600 involves discharging energy to an external loadthrough controlled release from the capacitor bank 102.

[071] At step 608, the method 600 involves detecting abnormal conditions viasensors and activating a spark plug-controlled grounding mechanism 106 to safelydischarge excess voltage.

[072] At step 610, the method 600 involves transmitting real-time performancedata to a user interface and / or remote monitoring platform 110.

[073] At step 612, the method 600 involves managing charge cycles based onpredictive analytics for optimized performance and extended system life.Advantages:- The present disclosure provides a system that charges 2.5 kWh in under 5minutes, enabling rapid energy replenishment.- The present disclosure provides a system that offers high energy density ofover 300 Wh / kg for compact storage solutions.- The present disclosure provides a system that integrates IoT-enabled BMSfor real-time monitoring and predictive maintenance.- The present disclosure provides a system that uses recyclable, eco-friendlymaterials to reduce environmental impact.- The present disclosure provides a system that features spark plug-controlledsafety discharge system for enhanced protection.

[071] The implementation set forth in the foregoing description does not representall implementations consistent with the subject matter described herein. Instead,they are merely some examples consistent with aspects related to the describedsubject matter. Although a few variations have been described in detail above, othermodifications or additions are possible. In particular, further features and / orvariations can be provided in addition to those set forth herein. For example, theimplementation described can be directed to various combinations and subcombinations of the disclosed features and / or combinations and sub combinationsof the several further features disclosed above. In addition, the logic flows depictedin the accompanying figures and / or described herein do not necessarily require theparticular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. Otherimplementations may be within the scope of the following claims.

Claims

1. A solid-state energy storage system (100) comprising: a capacitor bank (102) configured for ultra-fast energy storage and discharge; an IoT-enabled battery management system (BMS) (104) configured to monitor, control, and optimize charge and discharge cycles in real-time; a spark plug-controlled grounding mechanism (106) for controlled energy discharge and safety enhancement; a structural body (108) comprising insulating and recyclable materials for durability and environmental sustainability; and a user interface (110) configured to display performance parameters of the energy storage system, wherein the system is capable of charging a 2.5 kWh unit in under 5 minutes and is modularly scalable for use in electric vehicles, renewable energy grids, and industrial applications.

2. The energy storage system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the capacitor bank (102) provides an energy density of at least 300 Wh / kg.

3. The energy storage system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the battery management system (BMS) (104) includes AI-based predictive maintenance and health diagnostics functionality.

4. The energy storage system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spark plug-controlled grounding mechanism (106) is configured to discharge excess or unsafe voltage levels automatically during abnormal conditions.

5. The energy storage system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the structural body (108) is composed of high-strength, thermally resistant, and fully recyclable composite material.

6. The energy storage system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the user interface (110) comprises a touchscreen LCD display providing real-time updates on charge level, temperature, voltage, and fault conditions.

7. The energy storage system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the IoTenabled BMS (104) is configured to transmit performance data wirelessly to a cloud-based monitoring platform.

8. The energy storage system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system includes modular components that allow capacity scaling across different voltage and kilowatt-hour configurations.

9. The energy storage system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system is designed for dual application across electric vehicle powertrains and stationary energy storage systems in renewable energy grids.

10. A method (600) for operating a solid-state energy storage system, the method comprising: charging (602) a capacitor bank (102) to store electrical energy at a high energy density; monitoring (604) charge and discharge parameters using an IoT enabled battery management system (BMS) (104); discharging (606) energy to an external load through controlled release from the capacitor bank (102); detecting (608) abnormal conditions via sensors and activating a spark plug-controlled grounding mechanism (106) to safely discharge excess voltage; transmitting (610) real-time performance data to a user interface and / or remote monitoring platform (110); and managing (612) charge cycles based on predictive analytics for optimized performance and extended system life.