Vertical compacted mulch fertilization and irrigation system with handle and cellulose coating and polymer insulation

Abstract

The compacted vertical mulch fertilization and irrigation system with cellulose coating and polymer insulation is used to solve the problem of new survival of planted seedlings for desertification and rainfed orchards, as well as for fertilizing trees, especially in dry and desert areas. To solve the above problem, a cylinder whose contents include sugarcane press filter cake or pressed organic materials and fertilizers, bentonite, fine-grained bagasse, and arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus inoculation medium is used in the central core, which is surrounded on the outer surface by a 5 cm thick cellulose coating on the upper and lower parts of the mulch containing sugarcane bagasse and pine and poplar wood fibers, and on the body part by two layers of polymer insulation sewn and then laminated, and all layers are secured to the body of the mulch by four plastic straps. Using this mulch In the seedling planting hole, labor errors due to the lack of proper mixing of materials and their correct placement are eliminated, and there is no need to form a soil workshop on site. Due to the presence of organic and biological materials that absorb and store moisture in their texture, there is no need for frequent irrigation, and costs are reduced.

Description

Description of the invention Title of the invention (as stated in the declaration) Vertical compacted cellulose mulch with polymer insulation Technical background of the relevant invention This invention relates in general and in particular to the field of agriculture and natural resources. Fertilization and irrigation during planting of seedlings for the purpose of desertification and afforestation during planting in dry areas, and the establishment of fruitful gardens and fertilization of perennial trees through the compression of materials. Technical problem and stating the objectives of the invention Fertilizing at the time of planting seedlings and paying attention to the root zone is of great importance to ensure the stability of the seedlings. We also know that soil is one of the most important and valuable assets of the country, and every year, billions of tons of it are eroded by damaging storms and scattered in different regions, causing irreparable damage to the country. Wind erosion and the movement of quicksand create a phenomenon called fine dust, which has adverse environmental effects on natural resources such as water, forests and pastures, wildlife, deserts and ecosystems, negative effects on human health, industry, social and economic issues, hygiene, air quality and damage to infrastructure facilities including electricity and telecommunications networks, urban and rural spaces, residential, agricultural and livestock units. Currently, 25 provinces of the country are involved in this major national-regional problem. Dealing with this phenomenon is only possible with the efforts and cooperation of human society, especially the officials of the Islamic Republic system, and the use of new scientific methods and existing and new technologies, and saving time and money.In recent years, many solutions have been proposed to solve this problem, including expanding vegetation and mulching, sanding, using clay and biological mulches. Among them is petroleum mulch, which is a type of petroleum bitumen waste that is emulsified in water with the help of an emulsifier such as sodium sulfonate, texapone, etc. When this liquid is sprayed on quicksand or dusty lands, as the water dries, the bitumen particles stick together and after being absorbed onto the sand particles, it creates an asphalt-like layer on the ground surface that is relatively hard and prevents dust and fine dust from rising from the ground. This old and unprincipled method has many disadvantages. Bad smell, high cost, environmental pollution, low durability, damage to vegetation and animal cover, impermeability to rain, and also warming the area due to its black color are some of the disadvantages of this method.Another method proposed by Professor Kordavani was sandblasting, which requires a high cost to use alone, and when quicksand is poured onto the sand, it will lose its effect, so using sand alone will not be successful. Mother Nature has solutions to preserve herself, and that is to create a sustainable, living, and productive ecosystem that, in addition to preserving soil and resources, leads to greenery, cooling, and prosperity in the region, and even increased rainfall. At the same time, the animal ecosystem will grow and develop in the shelter of this plant ecosystem, and the desert will be full of life. This method is the best solution to solve this problem, which can only be created by increasing vegetation in the region. However, the problem is that due to the increasing decrease in rainfall and the increase in the interval between rainfalls, there is a lack of organic materials for use in the planting site on a large scale, and the stability of the vegetation cover and the chance of survival of young plants between rainfalls are very low.Also, newly planted seedlings require regular and continuous irrigation at the beginning of their growth. However, a high percentage of seedlings die with the onset of the hot season and the onset of the dry period due to lack of proper plant nutrition, and the chance of survival of the remaining seedlings also depends on favorable air humidity. Therefore, problems include: Lack of nutrients for the soil at the time of planting seedlings, Transportation problems when moving various types of fertilizer bags, Lack of water retention in tree base fertilizer, The use of traditional fertilization methods by inexperienced or poorly trained personnel, Human error during fertilization, The growth of deserts and soil erosion due to water shortages and lack of water conservation in these areas Loss of soil nutrients in areas such as deserts The purpose of this invention is to: Increasing soil nutrients, Improving seedling stabilization conditions, Ease of transporting fertilizer in agricultural fields, Maintaining and increasing water retention in the soil bed, Reducing the possibility of human error when fertilizing at planting time, Desertification Use of products with high availability and low cost according to climatic conditions for fertilization A description of the state of the prior art and the history of developments related to the claimed invention. In mass planting of trees, holes are usually dug with an excavator or a tractor-mounted auger. The appropriate depth for the holes is 1 cubic meter, which is usually disinfected in contaminated areas at first to combat fungal diseases as it is preventive and reduces their activity. The bed of the hole must have the capacity to retain moisture and be able to gradually make it available to the plant, and also the capacity for oxygen and air penetration must be high. Considering that after the first 30 to 40 centimeters of surface soils, which are generally agricultural soils, there is a sandy layer underneath them, which easily becomes inaccessible to the plant if the moisture is irrigated. Therefore, to prevent this, we use rice straw (paddy) and cover the bottom of the hole with it. The advantages of these materials are that they act as a layer like a sponge and water reaches these materials through vertical seepage and is stored in them, preventing it from leaving, and in the future, after decomposing itself, it can be used as food. They will be absorbed by the plant. Furthermore, they facilitate root movement and development in the soil.So, we should cover the bottom of the hole with about 10 cm of rice husk and pour 50 to 100 grams of super absorbent material (Stactosorb gel) on this mixture to increase the storage of nutrients and moisture. Even macro and micro chemical fertilizers can be used at this stage depending on the soil analysis and the diagnosis of their deficiency. Add 20% sand to the surface agricultural soil and then add about 10 to 15 kilograms of rotted manure to it and about 10 kilograms of wood chips to the above mixture and mix. Then chemical fertilizer is added to the above mixture and finally the overall mixture is mixed well to obtain a uniform distribution of the materials and create the desired light spongy state. Now, we mix the surface soil with superabsorbent materials and pour it into the bottom of the hole, and then pour the previous soil texture on top of it. Then, before the final planting stage, the bare-root seedlings are subjected to a paralinage process, which is considered a type of strengthening and disinfection. If the secondary roots have filled the entire pot, the potted seedlings are cut about 3 to 5 centimeters from their ends to stimulate the production of healthier roots.Then, place the seedling on the soil bed and pour the final third of the soil over its roots, and tamp it down well with your feet to completely remove the air around the roots. However, this is not necessary for potted seedlings because compacting the soil prevents the growth and development of the roots. After completing the final stages of planting, we irrigate the area around it, after which the soil settles, which we need to repair. We mix some soil with rice bran and pour it on top as a surface mulch. This is because moisture is retained in the lower layers and the surface evaporation of water around the crown of the planted seedling is reduced. Finally, if necessary and depending on the type of seedling, we trim its ends to see the growth of lateral buds and its future branches. Planting seedlings in a new way (Root barrier): To prevent damage caused by the penetration of plant irrigation water into the foundations of buildings and their loosening, and the penetration of plant roots into paving stones and surrounding walls, a system called Root Barrier is proposed, which can be used to control root growth and prevent it from penetrating into hard spaces. This method includes a plastic coating that is impermeable to moisture, which resists the vertical and horizontal pressures of root movement in the soil, and is dug one to two meters deep into the building, depending on the type of soil. Root barrier prevents water loss and limits its movement. In addition to preserving the outer parts of the root and preventing the root ball from becoming ringed, this tool helps to maintain its moisture and provides a more suitable environment for plant growth by reducing the diameter and density of the root. On the other hand, this method prevents water leaching and accumulation of water under the trees and stabilizes the soil, prevents clay shrinkage and expansion, and also prevents the growth of weeds. By using this technology, trees and shrubs can be planted even close to buildings without causing problems for neighboring buildings and structures. There are different types of root barriers. In most cases, they consist of an underground fabric made of fiber and polypropylene along with a pre-emergence herbicide. This fabric has holes for the passage of air, nutrients, and water, and helps with root moisture. Trifluralin is also used as a herbicide, a certain amount of which is released through the fabric in the appropriate place and for a certain period of time, and its effect is greater than herbicides applied in large quantities and repeatedly. The first type of Root Barrier consists of nodes in the polypropylene Geotextile fabric, in which trifluralin is injected into these nodes and protrusions. Trifluralin vapor is slowly released from these nodes to absorb soil particles. Outside the node, the amount of trifluralin is reduced but is constantly replaced by new materials. The distance between the nodes strengthens the root-inhibiting zone, and in fact this zone is tangent to the Root Barrier fabric. When the roots enter the inhibiting zone or Root Barrier, the terminal cells of the roots can no longer divide and their growth in that direction is prevented. Given that trifluralin is not systemic, it does not enter the plant and cannot harm it. The second type of Root Barrier is offered as a weed control fabric for green spaces, and when 50 mm of mulch, gravel or other covering materials is applied, a inhibiting zone is created above and below it, which is Weed growth is inhibited by this texture, with new plants not affected by existing plants whose roots are below the inhibitory zone. Using Root Barrier Next to Buildings: Tree species planted in streets or home yards can cause serious damage to nearby buildings. This damage is caused by the roots of the trees and their impact on the foundations of buildings. Also, the spread of tree roots causes pressure on the building and walls, resulting in their destruction. One of the applications of Root Barrier is to protect the foundations of buildings by changing the direction of root growth to other parts. In the place where the Root Barrier is to be installed, a groove is created 70 cm deep and, if necessary, the roots of existing trees are pruned. The distance between the grooves and the foundation of the building should be sufficient for the roots to grow without damaging the building. The Root Barrier is placed in the groove and secured with nails, then the groove is filled and the soil is pressed until no gaps remain in the soil. Seedling and tree planting with Crescent Water: Planting seedlings with water-retaining crescents in sloping, rocky lands and hilly areas is carried out by planting seedlings of species compatible with the region with the aim of preventing water runoff and erosion and reducing sediment load. Therefore, for this purpose, in the basin, on sloping lands with slopes higher than 25% to 65%, mounding with water-retaining crescents is recommended. Bottom of Form Faro meter The construction of a furrow meter consists of creating small channels on the contour lines on the pasture surface in order to infiltrate water into the soil and prevent its surface flow and increase vegetation cover and fodder production. If the purpose of creating furrows is only to control surface water, the method of operation will be completely different from those used to store precipitation in order to create a suitable environment for plant growth and, as a result, increase the quality and quantity of vegetation cover. The capacity of the furrows is also proportional to the amount and intensity of normal rainfall in the area. The calculation of this distance and size should be based on long-term rainfall statistics in terms of its amount and intensity, so that even in the most severe rainfall, the furrows do not fill with water and overflow. Because overflowing just one of the furrows will be enough to double the amount of water in the lower furrow to its calculated capacity, thus creating a rapid and intense surface flow of water, causing severe erosion in the area.Therefore, with the above-mentioned objectives, the Faro contour operation has been proposed in lands with a slope of 25 to 95 percent, which is combined with the planting of shrub seedlings to increase vegetation cover. Planting seedlings along waterways Along the main waterways of the sample basin, especially in areas where structural designs (cemented and dry stone check dams and sedimentation platforms) have been proposed. With the objectives of soil conservation, stabilization of waterways and stream walls, environmental protection, and prevention of their destruction, planting of non-productive species such as Ziziphus nummularia and Tamarix sp. near the side walls of the waterways (especially at a distance of one meter) at intervals of two meters is recommended, which should be planted in the southern provinces affected by dust. Using a compost blanket on the soil This method can be used in eroded areas with a slope of 4 to 1 or less. The method is as follows: a layer of compost 2 to 5 centimeters thick should be created on the soil. For steeper slopes, this layer should be thicker. In areas with less slope, it is also recommended that this layer be about 2 centimeters thick. The size of the compost particles used should be a mixture of medium-sized particles, and if planting plants is not a short-term goal in the area, it is recommended that larger compost particles be used. This method is most effective on gentle slopes and plain areas. In addition, when using this method on slopes, it is better to start covering the compost from the upper, non-slope part and continue to the lower, non-slope part of the area. This is useful for preventing possible surface erosion or even creating ditch erosion downstream of the slope and preventing its spread. The first and most important goal of using the compost layering method on the soil is to protect the soil surface until vegetation grows in the area.Therefore, it is essential to ensure the presence and adequacy of nutrients in the compost used and to seed the desired area after stratification. Makari, Sedighe and Afzali, Seyed Fakhreddin, 2014, The effect of green and burnt sugarcane residues and sugarcane filter cake on soil carbon sequestration, First Electronic Conference on New Findings in Environment and Agricultural Ecosystems, Tehran, https: / / civilica.com / doc / 356191 Masjedi, Babak and Sadeghi, Mehdi, 2015, Investigation of the effect of different levels of organic matter (sugarcane filter cake) on morphological traits and yield of maize under drought stress, Third National Conference on Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran, https: / / civilica.com / doc / 416682 Poshdar, Adel and Seyed Ata'allah and Abdali, Alireza, 2014, Improving the yield of single-cross 704 corn under the influence of growth-promoting bacteria in sugarcane factory waste, First Electronic Conference on New Findings in Environment and Agricultural Ecosystems, Tehran, https: / / civilica.com / doc / 356505 Dalileh Dezfuli, Iman and Moezzi, Abdolamir and Eslamizadeh, Rahim and Farjaei, Fatemeh, 2006, Reuse of sugar refinery waste (filter cake) in preparing cover soil for use in companies growing edible button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus), Third National Conference on Iranian Environmental Crises and Solutions for Their Improvement, Ahvaz, https: / / civilica.com / doc / 10908 Monjezi Hossein, Moradi Tilawan Mohammad Reza, Seyedat Seyed Ata'allah, Kouchakzadeh Ahmad, Hamdi Hassan. The effect of using sugarcane filter cake, chemical fertilizers and biofertilizers on the yield and quality of rapeseed and some soil properties. In Agronomy (Agriculture Journal, Abu Raihan Campus). 1393 [cited 2022April21];16(2):445-457. Available from: https: / / www.sid.ir / fa / journal / ViewPaper.aspx?id=249051 Monjezi, H., and Moradi-Tilawan, M., and Sayadat, S., and Kouchakzadeh, A., and Hamdi, H. (2015). The effect of sugarcane filter cake, chemical fertilizers and biofertilizers on the absorption of trace elements, macronutrients and heavy elements by rapeseed (Brassica napus L). Crop and Horticultural Production and Processing, 5(17), 193-201. https: / / www.sid.ir / fa / journal / ViewPaper.aspx?id=260621 Nourbakhsh, Najmeh and Mirzaei, Javad and Heydari, Mehdi and Karamshahi, Abdolali, 2014, The importance of mycorrhizal fungi in the sustainable development of Zagros forests, Second National Conference on Natural Resources of Iran with a focus on Forest Sciences, Sanandaj, https: / / civilica.com / doc / 267941 Majidizadeh, Leila and Roohi Moghadam, Ainollah and Saeedi Garaghani, Hamidreza and Shirmohammadi, Ebrahim, 2015, The importance and role of biological fertilizers in achieving sustainable development in the agricultural and natural resources sectors, The First Research Congress on the Application of Modern Sciences in Geographical Studies of Iran, Mashhad, https: / / civilica.com / doc / 451406 Mahouhi, Ali and Raisi, Fayez, 2017, Separate and simultaneous effects of earthworms, mycorrhizal fungi and bacteria on corn growth and bioremediation of lead from a contaminated soil, 15th Iranian Soil Science Congress, Isfahan, https: / / civilica.com / doc / 729557 Eslami, Marzieh and Barzegar, Hassan, 2016, The possibility of using agricultural waste and residues (bagasse) in related industries, Second National Conference on Mechanization and New Technologies in Agriculture, Ahvaz, https: / / civilica.com / doc / 533513 Behnam, Hedieh and Farrokhian-Firouzi, Ahmad and Moezzi, Abdol-Amir, 2016, The effect of sugarcane bagasse biochar on different moisture conditions in soil, Second National Conference on Sustainable Management of Soil Resources and Environment (Soil Quality, Health and Security), Kerman, https: / / civilica.com / doc / 558202 Haji Sharafi, Hossein and Zarei, Shaban and Saki, Tayeb and Bijanpour, Hossein, 2015, Investigation of the use of organic fertilizers derived from bagasse and sugarcane bagasse composts to increase soil organic matter and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers in sugarcane fields (case study and Amirkabir industry), Second Conference on New Findings in Environment and Agricultural Ecosystems, Tehran, https: / / civilica.com / doc / 411939 Bijanpour, Hossein and Bahadori, Foroutan and Makondi, Mohammad Amin and Ansari, Mohammad Sadegh, 2009, The effect of filter cake and bagasse on sugarcane growth and yield, National Conference on Water, Soil, Plant and Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Dezful, https: / / civilica.com / doc / 140339 Abdollahi, Lotfollah and Moghi, Abdollahimer and Amerikhah, Hadi and Khadem-ol-Rasoul, Ata-ollah, 2008, Investigation of changes in soil permeability due to the use of bagasse and filter cake as organic fertilizer, Second National Conference on Irrigation and Drainage Network Management, Ahvaz, https: / / civilica.com / doc / 60100 Abdollahi, Lotfollah and Moezzi, Abdolamir and Charm, Mustafa, 2007, Evaluation of the effect of increasing bagasse and filter cake as organic fertilizer on the quality and quantity of sugarcane yield, 10th Iranian Soil Science Congress, Karaj, https: / / civilica.com / doc / 24238 Saeedi Fard, Morteza and Khoshnoud, Reza, 2006, Use of compost from bagasse in soil erosion control (case study of Khuzestan province), First Specialized Conference on Environmental Engineering, Tehran, https: / / civilica.com / doc / 11842 Baybordi, A., and Malkooti, ​​M. (2003). The effect of iron, manganese, zinc and copper on the quantity and quality of wheat under saline conditions. Soil and Water Sciences, 17(2), 140-150. https: / / www.sid.ir / fa / journal / ViewPaper.aspx?id=4241 Abedi Babaheydari, H., and Fattahi, R., and Namdarkhjasteh, D. (2019). Comparison of surface, drip and waterbox irrigation methods in establishing hawthorn seedlings to control desertification. Water and Soil (Agricultural Sciences and Industries), 33(2 (64th issue), 245-258. https: / / www.sid.ir / fa / journal / ViewPaper.aspx?id=483794 Mollaei, Azam and Mehraban, Maryam, 2019, Application of Geosys Technology (Waterbox) in Combating Drought (Case Study: Bardsken County), National Conference on Sustainable Development (With the Approach of Investment Opportunities and Challenges in the Tarshiz Region), Kashmar, https: / / civilica.com / doc / 905042 Bazgir, Masoud and Sohrabi, Behrouz and Sayadian, Kiyomars, 2015, New Water Box Technology for Desert Restoration and Dust Control without Using Energy and Irrigation, First International Dust Conference, Ahvaz, https: / / civilica.com / doc / 539616 Providing a solution to an existing technical problem along with an accurate, sufficient, and integrated description of the invention The massive sugarcane development plan in Khuzestan province has had many positive and negative effects. One of the most important problems in sugarcane agro-industrial companies, such as Amir Kabir Agro-Industry, is the various wastes produced from the production of main products in the agricultural and industrial sectors, which can have irreparable effects on the environment in the future if waste management is not planned. Also, according to the UNEP classification, Amir Kabir Agro-Industry produces 14.45% hazardous wastes, including molasses and filter mud, and 85.54% non-hazardous wastes, most of which are bagasse (sugarcane pulp) and straw, during a year. Bagasse and straw account for a large share of wastes.The poverty of the agricultural soils of the country's provinces in terms of organic and mineral substances on the one hand, and on the other hand, the lack of use of the filter cake (filter cake), a material produced during the sugar production process from sugarcane and containing organic and mineral substances, and (bagasse), sugarcane bagasse, which is very abundant, cheap and widely used, as well as the existence of abundant and rich mines (bentonite), a type of clay that plays a significant role in absorbing water and preserving it for a long time, as well as the production of root symbiotic fungi (arbiscus mycorrhiza inoculum) by country's specialists exclusively in the Middle East with the ability to export to the European Union, and the progress and self-sufficiency in the country's polymer industry for the use of moisture insulators. On the other hand, the thought and motivation to use the unique potentials mentioned above in order to increase the fertility of the country's agricultural soils, in order to increase rooting and vegetative growth of plants, and ultimately increase overall performance through the survival of newly planted fruitful and non-fruitful seedlings in fields, urban green belts and gardens, and the full establishment of They have led us to take action to produce the first vertical compacted mulch fertilization and irrigation system with cellulose coating and polymer insulation. The system in question consists of four main parts that are designed in a cylindrical shape for ease of transportation and correct placement in the holes, and these four parts form the main layers of this system. The main layers include a central layer consisting of a type of bentonite mineral soil, and a type of fungus that helps root growth, the second layer consisting of a filter cake or pressed cake of various fertilizers, a cellulose layer, and finally a polymer layer that maintains the entire system. The following are the materials used in the structure of the vertical mulch system: Sugarcane bagasse: One of the most important agricultural and industrial products is sugarcane bagasse. The fibrous waste of sugarcane stalks is usually thrown out after the extraction of sugarcane juice. Bagasse has a very high economic value and is a mixture of sugar, fiber, and moisture that burns spontaneously when left on the ground for a while. The only way to prevent this valuable product from burning is to create processing industries for it. Of the total of more than 4 million tons of bagasse produced in Khuzestan Province, only a limited part of it is consumed by the Pars Paper Mill, the D'Abel Khazai and Karun chipboard factories, the Haft Tapeh, Karun, and Shuaibieh animal feed factories, and the Salman Agriculture and Industry compost production workshop, and the rest is wasted without the slightest economic return. Table 1: Amount of bagasse produced in sugarcane industries in Khuzestan Province Amount of bagasse produced (tons) Sugarcane Industries, Khuzestan Province 330,000 Mirza Kouchak Khan Agriculture and Industry 750,000 Karun Agriculture and Industry 330,000 Amir Kabir Agriculture and Industry 3,255,000 Haft Tappeh Agriculture and Industry The overall composition of bagasse used in the project is listed in Table (2) below. Table 2: General composition of bagasse Percentage of soluble solids Percentage of fiber Percentage of moisture Apparent specific gravity gr / cm3 3-6 43-52 46-52 0.04 The amount of its constituent elements varies slightly depending on the different types of sugarcane, the age of the sugarcane, the method of harvesting, and finally the recovery rate and extraction efficiency in the mills. Bagasse is bulky and bulky, and its particle size is non-uniform. These changes are affected by the milled sugarcane and the relative quality of the machinery. The physical properties of bagasse vary depending on the type of soil, the season of production, and the type of harvest in different regions, but generally include: 1- Humidity 45 to 55% by weight 2- Raw fibers 21 to 23% by weight 3- Peat 13.5 to 14.5% by weight 4- Woody tissues 9 to 10% by weight The average production of sugarcane per hectare is about 100 tons, and based on experiences gained in Khuzestan, about 32 tons of bagasse remain after extracting syrup from sugarcane. Bagasse and sugarcane leaves contain significant amounts of cellulose and hemicellulose, which can be broken down by enzymes or chemical polymerization into sugar monomers such as glucose and galactose, etc. Physical structure of bagasse: Bagasse is composed of three main components: the husk fibers, the pith, and the epidermis or outermost layer. These three components exhibit different behaviors in the production process due to their different physical and chemical properties. The descriptions of these three components are given below. -1 Shell fibers: Approximately 50% of the dried stalk consists of high-quality bundle fibers that are tightly packed in the husk. All the fibers of the husk are parallel to the axis of the stalk, except for those at the nodes, which makes the stalk hard. Due to the compact structure of these fibers, a hard husk is formed that protects the cane until it is processed. The fibers in the husk are larger than the fibrous elements scattered throughout the inner part of the stalk and are more resistant to chemical processes than the pith, inner fibers, and knot fibers. Since all the fibers of the husk are parallel to the axis of the stalk and are in a relatively weak tissue, they are easily separated from each other. Because the fibers in the husk are tightly packed and close together, and there are no intercellular cavities or cross-links between them, the density of this part of the cane is higher than that of many broadleaf and hardwoods. About 15% of the stalk consists of bundles of less resistant fibers that are distributed throughout the pith.These inner fibers are more resistant to chemical processes than the core, but have lower properties than the husk fibers and are more easily converted into separate fibers than the husk fibers. 2- Brain or middle section: The pith consists of about 30% of the sugarcane stalk (excluding the sugarcane extract), which is not fibrous. This part of the stalk is mainly located in the centers and its function is to store sugar. Some pith cells are also located throughout the cross section, where scattered fibers are enclosed. 3- Epidermis or outer layer: In the outermost layer of the sugarcane stalk, on the surface, there is a very thin but dense epidermis. This layer contains waxes and has high resistance in the pulping process. The epidermis is darker than the husk and pith and is green or red in color. The epidermis layer accounts for about 5% of the dry weight of the sugarcane stalk and is the most undesirable component in sugarcane. If this component is not separated during the pith separation process, the slow and incomplete solubility of this component will cause problems in the pulping process and it will remain as problematic components in the final pulp. It should also be said that since the percentage of cellulose in the husk fibers is higher than in the pith and their length is longer, they have better mechanical properties, so separating the pith fibers and the epidermis, which is a non-fibrous material, is necessary to prepare materials with high mechanical properties. Sugarcane filter cake (bagasse) and pressed fertilizer mold (1): Filter cake is a by-product of the sugar industry that is obtained in the process of settling and refining syrup. Its quality depends on the process used to settle the impurities. Every year, large amounts of filter cake or filter cake are obtained from the sugar refinery, which is discarded as waste. Studies conducted in Australia and South Africa indicate that the use of sugarcane plant residues in farms in the long term has a positive effect on the cycle of elements, although this issue varies according to weather conditions and farm management. The most important components of filter cake are: cellulose, lime, sucrose, waxy substances, soil particles, nitrogen, phosphorus, potash and organic matter, which is used to amend the soil. The reason for this is that it increases soil fertility due to the presence of nutrients and improves soil quality due to the increase in organic matter. Another advantage of filter cake is that because it is an organic material, its nutrients are gradually used by the plant and causes chemical and physical amendment of the soil.This is very important because chemical fertilizers may easily and quickly meet the needs of the plant, but their effect is fleeting and temporary, and they need to be added to the soil again every year to meet the plant's needs. Some characteristics of the filter cake used in this project are given in Tables (1 and 2). Table (1): Chemical properties of filter cake with filter clay of Amir Kabir Agriculture and Industry Sugar Refinery Plant EC PH N (%) P (%) K (%) Om (%) Cl- Meq / lit Mg+2 and Ca-2 Meq / lit HCO3- Meq / lit So4-2 Meq / lit Apparent specific gravity gr / cm 6 / 11 5 / 5 6 / 1 6 / 20 44 / 0 2 / 32 5 / 27 283 3 / 94 20 0 / 35 Table 2: Average food content of bagasse and filter cake Element Amount Nutrient Element Filter Cake Percentage% Bagasse Percentage% 35 5 / 43 Organic Carbon 5 / 53 75 Organic Matter 1 / 1 0 / 43 N 6 / 0 056 / 0 P 3 / 1 - K 64 / 0 32 / 0 Ca 1 / 0 04 / 0 Mg 17 / 0 02 / 0 S - - Si 03 / 0 035 / 0 Na 66 5 Cu 426 37 Mn 550 110 Fe(DTPA) 198 31 Zn The pressed cake (1) used in the system as described can be selected from the filter press cake. Also, by pressing different fertilizer compositions, this layer of the system can be selected from the pressed composition of any known fertilizer according to fertilizer standards. Bentonite (3): Bentonite is a type of volcanic mineral soil and is very useful, consisting of at least 85% clay. Bentonite has a milky grayish-white color and sometimes greenish. In the past, bentonite was used in our country instead of soap. This substance, called sorghum, was used as a skin and hair cleanser and softener, but the main feature of bentonite soil is that it swells when it comes into contact with water and liquids. This substance is a combination of several different minerals. In nature, it has impurities such as potassium, sodium, aluminum and calcium. Bentonite is a group of natural phyllosilicate compounds that have a layered crystal structure and are mainly composed of montmorillonite (smectite group minerals). Due to the weak van der Waals bonds between bentonite layers, they slide easily over each other, which makes bentonite appear greasy to the touch. On the other hand, this feature causes bentonite particles to absorb and swell between 7 and 20 times their own volume of water in an aqueous environment.The main reason for the swelling of bentonites is the absorption of water in the surface layers due to the hydration of exchangeable cations and ultimately the separation of the network layers as a result of a repulsive force similar to osmotic pressure (this stage is called osmotic swelling). The swelling of bentonites occurs after their hydration. Bentonite is activated more quickly in warmer water. The size of dispersed bentonite particles is 2 microns. Bentonite can absorb water and dry again many times without losing its swelling properties. After extraction, the bentonite lump is first broken into small pieces so that its water and volatile matter are reduced from 30 to 50% to 7 to 8%. Then it is crushed with a hammer mill or a ball mill, then sieved and sometimes poured into a rotary dryer. In most cases, bentonite is traded with a particle size of 90% 75 micrometers, but it is also possible to perform further operations on it. Types of bentonite: It is divided into two categories depending on the impurities and elements present in the composition. Sodium bentonite: Its predominant impurity is sodium, which is a moisture absorber and expands greatly upon absorbing water. Its main use is in drilling oil and gas wells and is also used as a natural insulator. Calcium bentonite: It is an ion adsorbent in solutions and is used for deionization. Unlike the sodium type, in addition to absorbing water, it can also absorb fats and oils, so it is used as an industrial detergent in manufacturing industries. Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi: Mycorrhiza is composed of two words (Myco) meaning fungus and (Rhiza) meaning root and represents a symbiosis between the fungus and the root of the host plant, which generally benefits both parties from this symbiosis. In this symbiosis, the plant provides the symbiotic fungus with an adequate source of carbohydrates, amino acids, vitamins and some other organic substances, and in return, the symbiosis provides numerous benefits to the host plant, including: improving the nutrition of elements such as phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, zinc, copper, sulfur, calcium and iron by the mycorrhizal system and water absorption, absorbing additional carbon, increasing the capacity to transport photosynthetic products, increasing the production of plant hormones, improving resistance to moisture stress, salinity and disease. As an important vegetative organ, the root is responsible for supplying water and minerals necessary for the growth and development of the plant. The roots are not visible, which has caused them to be ignored in many materials, despite their vital role.The presence of water is essential for root growth. This is evidenced by the fact that roots do not grow in dry layers. One of the most important challenges for plants in facing drought is that in such conditions, the role of roots in accessing water, soil, and nutrients is absolutely essential. Iran is located between latitudes of 25 and 40 degrees from the equator in the northern hemisphere and is considered one of the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Drought is considered the most important limiting factor in agricultural production that prevents plants from reaching their maximum yield potential. The occurrence of adverse environmental conditions such as water scarcity causes stress and adverse effects on plant growth and performance. Moisture stress occurs as a result of lack of rainfall, especially in stages when the water requirement of plants increases and evaporation and transpiration increase. In most parts of the world, including Iran, moisture stress is the most important factor that reduces yield during sensitive stages of plant growth, even in areas where irrigation is applied, by limiting growth.Research results have shown that mycorrhizal symbiosis increases the host plant's resistance to drought conditions. Today, it has been determined that mycorrhizal fungi directly improve plant nutrition through the absorption of nutrients and also increase water absorption by the plant (and indirectly) reduce biotic stresses including plant diseases and abiotic stresses including salinity, drought, heavy metals, etc., thereby increasing host plant growth. Types of mycorrhizal symbiotic relationships: In 1885, Professor Frank, following the identification of mycorrhizal symbiotic relationships, divided them into two groups: external mycorrhiza and internal mycorrhiza. By identifying more and more structures in this type of symbiosis, Hardy and Smith in 1983 divided mycorrhizal symbiotic relationships into seven different types, which are: ectomycorrhiza, ectendomycorrhiza, orbtoid mycorrhiza, immunotrophoid mycorrhiza, orchid mycorrhiza, vervescular mycorrhiza, and arbuscular mycorrhiza: The most common type of mycorrhizal symbiosis, which is present in almost all plant communities in the field of natural resources and agricultural lands, is the arbuscular mycorrhizal relationship. This type of symbiosis occurs between the roots of gymnosperms, angiosperms, ferns, mosses, and mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the class Glomeromycetes. Among angiosperms, a number of families, including the Asteraceae, the Acanthaceae, the Acanthaceae, and the Acanthaceae, lack this type of symbiosis. The remaining plant families, especially those that have economic value for humans, are all hosts of this fungus. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are obligate biotrophs that are only able to sporulate and complete their life cycle in the presence of a suitable host plant. While the host plant's dependence on these fungi is either facultative or obligate, depending on the plant species, according to paleontological evidence, one of the main factors for the independence of plants on land was the establishment of this type of mycorrhizal symbiotic relationship, and for this reason, these fungi have had a great impact on the evolution of the plant root system. Life cycle of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: The establishment of a symbiotic relationship between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the host plant and the subsequent completion of the life cycle of these fungi takes place in several stages. The first stage is the germination of the active organs of the fungus in the soil. These fungi are able to germinate through three sources: spores, parts of roots infected with the fungus and hyphae belonging to these fungi. The large spores, having thick walls that contain thousands of nuclei, ensure the long-term stability of these fungi in the soil and are the reason for their spread through wind and water. Initial growth of vegetative hyphae: Following spore germination, the vegetative hyphae, before initial contact with the plant, tend towards the root of the host plant in a linear growth pattern with branching and the formation of branches. The presence of host plant root secretions is very crucial at this stage, and if the grown hyphae are not influenced by these secretions, their growth will stop after 24 hours. Morphogenetic differentiation of vegetative hyphae: The plant, with root secretions, increases the growth and branching of the vegetative hyphae of mycorrhizal fungi around its root system. However, when the vegetative hyphae reach a distance of a few millimeters from the root, the presence of these secretions leads to the appearance of very large protrusions at the tips of the vegetative hyphae. According to many scientists, this change in appearance is necessary for the activation of the vegetative hyphae and their ability to infect the host plant. At this stage, the growth rate of the plant increases from 1.65 microns per minute to 3.4 microns per minute, and the density of the vegetative hyphae increases 4 times and their branching increases 7 times when the hyphae are not affected by the root secretions. Formation of the oppressor organ at the root level: This structure is the result of a swelling at the tip of the vegetative hyphae and contains several nuclei. This specialized organ, which is formed in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the roots of the host plant, varies in size, shape, and number in different species of fungi, and its formation is the most important indicator in correctly identifying compatible amphipods. There are two theories about the location of the disc-like organs on the root surface. Some researchers believe that after numerous branches have formed in the vegetative hyphae and their dispersion around the root system of the host plant, the identification of suitable places for the formation of the disc-like organ occurs randomly. Others believe that after the attachment of the fungal hyphae to the root surface, the hyphae also continue to grow and in certain places where the physical and chemical properties of the root take on a special form, such as a change in the slope of the location of the cells on the root surface or the accumulation of mineral salts such as potassium ions and certain organic substances, such as phenolic compounds or suberin components, the fungal hyphae are stimulated and form disc-like organs in those places. Penetration of fungal hyphae into root tissue: After the formation of a disk-like organ on the root surface, a number of infecting hyphae emerge from its lower part, and often only two hyphae can pass through the plant cell wall and enter the root tissue of the host plant. The growth of other infecting hyphae leads to the accumulation of cytoplasm in them and the formation of a wall. The infecting hyphae may enter the intercellular space or the intracellular space. There is very little information available about how the fungal hyphae enter the root tissue. However, it seems that the fungus uses mechanical and enzymatic mechanisms to do this. It has been observed that the thickness of the infecting hyphae decreases when entering the plant cell wall and returns to its original thickness after entry. Also, biochemical studies show that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi use cellulase and pectinase enzymes in a very limited and controlled manner.The use of these enzymes does not lead to the destruction of the host plant's cell wall, but only reduces its strength and stability, leaving behind soft tissue through which the hyphae of this fungus pass with the help of a disc-like organ and a reduction in its thickness. Arbuscular Formation: In the inner layers of the skin parenchyma, intercellular hyphae enter the intracellular space and create a structure with many branches in this enclosed space, which is the most important structure in the symbiosis of arbuscular mycorrhiza and in fact the most reliable indicator for establishing this type of mycorrhizal symbiosis relationship by which nutrients and energy-generating compounds are exchanged between the two symbionts. The thickness of the hyphae entering the cell interior is about 3 to 4 microns, but after numerous branches in the terminal strands, the thickness of the hyphae decreases to 3 / . to 5 / . microns. The thickness of the hyphae wall in the terminal branches of the arbuscule reaches about 20 nanometers. Observations made with an electron microscope showed that these hyphae forming the arbuscule contain a large number of nuclei, mitochondria, glycogen particles, lipid droplets, vacuoles, and dense granules of phosphorus and calcium, and some polyphosphate. The duration of arbuscule activity is 4 to 5 days. After this time, the tissues that form the arbuscule are destroyed and destroyed, and arbuscules are formed in new cells. Vesicle formation: Vesicles are oval-shaped organs that arise from swelling of the terminal or intermediate cells of hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. These organs are located in the intercellular or intracellular space. It is formed and its size varies from 30 to 50 microns to 85 to 100 microns, which may be formed in the inner or outer layers of the skin parenchyma. Among the mycorrhizal fungi, species belonging to the two genera Gigaspora and Scutellospora lack the ability to produce vesicles. Vesicles that are formed in the intercellular space are in direct contact with the host plant cell wall, but those that are formed in the intracellular space are covered by a dense layer of the host plant cell cytoplasm. Vesicles are actually storage organs of the fungus in which large amounts of lipid droplets are stored. If needed by the fungus, these reserves can be used in later stages of growth. Vesicles also have the ability to grow and infect new plant tissues. Spread of fungal hyphal network in the soil around the root: After the fungal hyphae penetrate into the root tissue and arbuscular formations, along with the spread of the fungal hyphae along the longitudinal axis of the root and infecting other parts, branches of the fungal hyphae emerge from the root and spread on the surface of the root and the surrounding soil. The development and distribution of these hyphae depends on the type of soil, host plant and fungal species. In some cases, the length of these hyphae has been reported to be between 80 and 134 times the length of mycorrhizal roots. The appearance of these hyphae is very diverse and in symbiosis with cereals, the thickness of these hyphae varies between 2 and 27 microns. These hyphae have been divided into several categories based on their type of activity. The first type is the creeping hyphae that spread on the surface of the root and the surrounding soil and have been observed up to a distance of 24 centimeters from the root surface.Some of these creeping hyphae connect the root systems of adjacent plants by creating a hyphal bridge. Another part of these hyphae, with numerous branches that arise in them and gradually decrease in thickness, creates a network that is responsible for absorbing mineral elements and water and transferring them to the host plant. Another task that these types of hyphae are responsible for is colonizing the host plant. Spore formation: Mycorrhizal fungi, like most other fungi, sporulate when they encounter nutrient deficiencies and unfavorable environmental conditions. The time of onset of sporulation depends on the species of fungus and environmental conditions and is directly and indirectly influenced by the physiological state of the host plant. This time usually begins 3 to 4 weeks after the establishment of the mycorrhizal symbiosis and after the fungal population exceeds a threshold level. The spores of this fungus are usually formed in the soil around the roots, and in a number of species belonging to the genus Glomus, in addition to this location, sperm are formed within the root tissue. The method of spore formation is also through the contact of the terminal taxis or the tips of the lateral hilums of the chamber, and the diameter of these spores also varies between 20 and 150 microns. The spore wall is thick and usually consists of more than one layer. The internal contents of the spore include fat granules, cytoplasm, and a large number of nuclei. Sometimes a large number of spores are held together by a network of fungal hyphae or an outer covering, forming a structure called a sporocarp.Spores have three functions in the life cycle of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: they are the storage organ of the fungus, the resting form of the fungus, and the infecting form of the fungus. After germination and growth, the spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have the power to infect the host plant tissue, but the greatest infecting power of the spores has been seen in species belonging to the genus Gigaspora. Formation of helper cells: Species belonging to the two genera Gigaspora and Scutellospora, after spreading in the soil environment, produce thin and twisted hyphae, at the tips of which small specialized cells or communities of specialized cells are formed. In the past, these structures were called soil-borne vesicles or extracellular vesicles. The function of these structures is not exactly known and they do not have the power to infect the host plant. How the host plant's defense system works in arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis: The activity of this system begins when the disc-like organ is formed on the root surface. In some host plants, it has been observed that the cell wall of the host plant thickens at the site of fungal hyphae penetration into the root. The amount of chitinase and peroxidase enzymes also increases in the root organ of the host plant: however, such an increase in phenolic substances and phytoalexins is not observed in the early stages of establishing a symbiotic relationship. At the site of fungal hyphae penetration into the root tissue, there is no evidence of the accumulation of callus or proteins that the plant secretes against pathogens. At the site of the expansion of the mycorrhizal symbiotic relationship, the plant controls the penetration of fungal hyphae into the root system using methods of penetration. In some plants, in addition to the thickening of the cell wall, thread-like appendages are formed in the intercellular space, which prevents the penetration of fungal hyphae to new places in the root. External secretions of the fungus also stimulate plant cells and the accumulation of phenolic substances and phytoalexins in the root tissue, which prevent the penetration of the fungus. The plant's enzymatic system also destroys the fungal cell wall by secreting chitinases and glucanases.Of course, it is worth mentioning that the fungus also modulates the effects of these substances to some extent by using unknown sucrose. As a general conclusion, it can be stated that in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, the symbiotic fungus cannot completely silence the host plant's defense system. Rather, it reduces its level of activity, which is due to the cell-to-cell progression in the root tissue and the process of identifying the fungus on the surface of each cell by the host plant. This is why the severe sensitivity reaction that occurs in the attack of pathogenic fungi is not seen in mycorrhizal symbiosis. Polymer insulation (5) The simplest definition of a polymer is a functional chemical substance made up of repeating units. A polymer can be a 3-dimensional network (where the repeating units are connected to each other from left to right, front to back, and top to bottom). A polymer can be a 2-dimensional network (where the repeating units are connected to each other from top to bottom, and right to left in a plane) or a 1-dimensional network (where the repeating units are connected to each other from right to left like a chain). Each repeating unit is actually a "mer" and the combination of "poly" (meaning many) and "mer" forms the word "polymer" which means a large number of repeating units. The repeating units are generally made of carbon and hydrogen and sometimes of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, fluorine, phosphorus, and silicon. To create a chain of these units, the "mers" are chemically linked together, or polymerized. The resulting polymers can appear as 3D networks that are not remeltable once formed.Such networks are called “thermosetting polymers.” Epoxy resins used in double-sided adhesives are thermosetting plastics. The polymers produced can also appear as one-dimensional chains that can be remelted. These chains are known as thermoplastic polymers, as well as “linear polymers.” Plastic bottles, films, cups, and fibers are all thermoplastic plastics. Polymers are abundant in nature. The most prominent natural polymers are DNA and RNA, the two determinants of life. Spider silk, hair, and the material that makes up animal horns are protein polymers. Starch and wood cellulose are also polymers. Rubber and cellulose are used as raw materials to produce rubber and polymeric plastics. The first plastic produced was Bakelite, which dates back to 1909 and was used to make telephone casings and electronic components. The first polymer fiber produced was rayon, which was made from cellulose in 1910.Nylon also emerged later, in 1935, during an attempt to produce synthetic spider silk. Structure of polymers: Many polymers are made up of hydrocarbons (compounds of carbon and hydrogen). These types of polymers are typically made up of carbon atoms linked together in a long chain called the backbone of the polymer. Depending on the nature of carbon, one or more atoms can be attached to each carbon atom in the backbone. Some polymers contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms. Examples include polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, polyester, and polymethylpentane. Other types of polymers are made up of non-carbon backbones. For example, nylon is made up of a nitrogen backbone (nitrogen atoms instead of carbon atoms), and the backbones of polyesters and polycarbonates are made up of oxygen atoms. Other polymers also have silicon or phosphorus backbones. This group is referred to as unnatural polymers. Silicone Putty is one of the best-known silicone-based polymers. In this polymer composition, which has the function of coating and preserving, an anti-rodent and anti-deformation masterbatch has been used for better performance of the vertical mulch system. By using the anti-rodent masterbatch, it can be used with peace of mind in areas that are faced with the problem of chewing by rodents such as mice, rabbits, etc. If anti-rodent materials are used in polyethylene pipes, rodents are not killed, but rodents avoid the installed pipes by psychological mechanisms (very bitter taste and skin irritation). The combination of anti-rodent materials with a thermoplastic polymer substrate is based on the compounding mechanism, and the anti-rodent materials are connected to functionalized fillers with nano-dimensions by chemical agents and compounded by this mechanism. As mentioned, the main components of the vertical mulch system are prepared from a combination of the above. In order to prepare and produce a system that can maintain moisture and water retention while having the highest performance of fertilization and plant nutrition and is easy to use, after molding the main components, the central part (3) consists of a combination of bentonite, arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus and some small bagasse. In this combination, as mentioned, bentonite has the role of absorbing high humidity of the environment about 7 times its volume and maintaining it within the range of root activity, and the arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus has the role of guiding the plant roots. The presence of some bagasse in this combination will prevent the fragility of the central core and also have the function of retaining water in the vicinity of the roots. The second layer of this system, which is located around and below the central bentonite layer, is called filter press cake (1) or all organic fertilizer materials and pressed fertilizer materials, which is the main composition that fertilizes the plant roots and is completely surrounded by the central layer by molding. The third layer is a cellulose covering layer (4) consisting of a combination of bagasse and cellulose materials to maintain the moisture of the entire vertical mulch system. This layer combination, which is also present at the top and bottom of the system as a cover (6 and 7), has holes (2) in its upper part that extend to half of the cellulose layer, and its main function is to maintain moisture and water supply and direct water to the vertical mulch system. In addition, this cellulose covering also acts as a nutrient supplier for the plant after decomposition. Finally, in the outer layer of the vertical mulch system, by placing a polymer layer (5) and sewing this layer to the cellulose layer (4), while preventing water from escaping, the overall cylindrical shape of the vertical mulch is maintained, and by installing belts (8 and 9) and clamps (10), the ease of transportation of the vertical mulch system is ensured as a fertilization system for all types of plants, especially seedlings. Production of the invention: 1- First stage: First, the peeled trunks of poplar and poplar trees are cut into strands and fibers by the machine and then fed into the shredding machine to convert the fibers into shorter particles. 2- Second stage: 70% cellulose fibers are mixed with 30% sugarcane bagasse and granulated sugarcane inside the mixer. 3- Third stage: A white layer of polymer insulation (Root barrier) with a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 30 cm is installed on the machine, and then a white plastic mesh layer with 2 x 2 mm springs and a width of 30 cm is installed on it, which forms the lower layers of the coating, and both coatings have special complementary polymer materials (masterbatch) for anti-UV, anti-rodent and anti-deformation. Note: To produce mulch for winter fertilization in the form of a fertilizer hole or fertilizer channel (dual use), at this stage only the white polymer insulation layer (Root barrier) is removed from the production process and all subsequent steps are repeated in exactly the same way. The suction device discharges the fiber mixture onto a 5 cm thick mesh. A layer of white plastic mesh with 2x2 mm springs is installed in a width of 30 cm, which forms the upper layer of the cover, which contains special complementary polymer materials (masterbatch) that are anti-UV, anti-rodent and anti-deformation. A sewing machine with 6 needles sews the cover simultaneously and along the length and guides it towards the laser measuring device. 4- Fourth step: The cellulose layer passes through a laser measuring device and after determining the specified dimensions, it is cut into pieces for the cover and floor covering, which are 30 x 30 cm in size and 5 cm thick. For the wall covering, a cutting order of 100 cm in length is sent to the guillotine and the mulch covering is cut, which has an additional polymer layer. 5- Fifth step: The mulch wall covering is inserted into the vacuum machine so that another white polymer insulation layer is laminated to it using a special adhesive and the heat of the machine to further reinforce the properties of the previous layer. 6- Sixth stage: The filter press cake (filter cake) or the mixture of pressed fertilizers in the production hall is fed into the feeder device by a conveyor belt, and there it is formed into lumps of a certain weight and enters the hopper of the molding device, and is evenly distributed in the empty chamber of the pistons, and after filling, the compression is carried out by hydraulic jacks and the molding process is carried out. The product produced at this stage is a black cylinder measuring 30 centimeters in diameter and 25 centimeters in height, in the cross-section of which there is an empty space in the center, in the form of a smaller cylinder with a diameter of 20 centimeters and a depth of 10 centimeters, which is removed from the mulch surface, and on the remaining edge strip, which is 5 centimeters in diameter, 20 holes with a diameter of 2 centimeters and a depth of 10 centimeters are created, which are placed on it in an alternating manner. 7- Seventh step: Calcium bentonite ground to a mesh size of 200 with a creamy to light gray appearance is mixed in a ratio of 70%, fine-grained sieved bagasse is mixed in a ratio of 30%, and 15 kilograms of arbuscular mycorrhiza inoculum per cubic meter of the above materials are added to the mixer and mixed thoroughly for 30 minutes. During this humidification process, misting is also performed until the materials take on a paste-like state. 8- The eighth step: The dough mixture enters the pressing machine, and after the beating or compression process, a cylinder with a diameter of 20 centimeters and a height of 10 centimeters exits the machine. 9- Step 9: The compressed bentonite mold is placed inside the central cavity of the filter press cake and fixed. 10- Tenth step: Two white plastic straps, 1 cm wide and 120 cm long, are connected in the shape of a cross on the assembly table and placed on the center of the connection of the two cellulose flooring straps. The final mold is placed on it and the cellulose cap is placed on top of it. The cellulose wall covering is placed on the mulch body and first the mulch handle straps are connected by a metal clip and then the cellulose wall covering is firmly and fixed to the body by two other straps. Explanation of shapes, maps and diagrams Image No. 1: Side view of the vertical mulch fertilization and irrigation system Image No. 2: Exploded view of the main layers that make up the vertical mulch fertilization and irrigation system. Image No. 3: Cutaway view of the layers that make up the vertical mulch system Image No. 4: Top view of the vertical mulching system Image No. 5: System production process The product components include: 1- Cylindrical mulch body: which forms the main structure of the product, is 100% composed of black organic matter from sugarcane filter cake (filter cake), which is 30 centimeters high and in diameter, which provides a gradual supply of nutrients and maintains constant moisture for the roots of the seedlings. 2- Holes on the upper edge of the mulch: There are a total of 25 holes in the mulch, each with a diameter of 2 centimeters and a depth of 0 centimeters. They are located on the 5-centimeter edge of the mulch and are used for better penetration of primary and secondary irrigation moisture into the inner layers of the mulch and its storage. 3- White mold of the center of the mulch: It is a white cylinder with a diameter of 20 cm and a height of 10 cm, which is made up of a combination of three materials: bentonite: a white material of 200 grams, which constitutes 70% of the composition and the dominant element with it is calcium, which absorbs high humidity in the environment and reduces salinity stresses. Bagasse: Finely sieved sugarcane fibers, which are 30% in the composition, which preserves the moisture of the bentonite and also prevents cracking of the mold tissue after the production process, and also has nutritional value for the plant after decomposition. Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus inoculant: which is added to the composition at a rate of 15 kilograms per cubic meter of the bentonite and bagasse mixture and is used to coexist with the root and develop its multiplication and reduce the effect of environmental stresses on the root. Finally, a cellulose cap is placed on the mold of their collection. 4 - Cellulose covering of the mulch wall: It consists of a white mesh with 2x2 mm holes at the top and bottom of the cellulose material, which is sewn together by several threads. The polymer mesh has master batches with anti-chewing, anti-UV and anti-deformation properties that prevent the straw texture from falling apart and falling apart. Its cellulose texture composition includes 30% chopped fibers of poplar and poplar trees and 70% coarse sugarcane bagasse fibers. It is 30 cm high, 100 cm long and 5 cm thick, and is sewn to an external white polymer insulation that maintains the moisture of the wall surrounding the mulch and its internal materials, which, after decomposing in the vicinity of the mulch, becomes absorbable nutrients for the plant roots. 5- Body-protecting polymer insulation: A plastic polymer layer protects the entire system and prevents the escape of water trapped in the system. It is 30 centimeters high, 100 centimeters long, and 1 millimeter thick. It is white in color and consists of two layers. The first layer is sewn to the inner cellulose cover to maintain the moisture of the inner cellulose materials and the organic materials of the mulch. The second layer is used to strengthen the first layer and to increase the safety factor of the mulch to prevent rodents from damaging the root colony of one-year-old seedlings inside it and preventing the transfer of internal moisture to the dry walls of the seedling planting pit. It also prevents the roots of adjacent plants from entering the mulch (Root barrier). This layer is attached to the first insulation layer by a laminating machine and special adhesive and heating and is vacuumed. Both insulation layers contain anti-UV, anti-rodent, and anti-deformation masterbatch polymer material. Note: The only exception to removing these two important insulating layers from the mulch production process is when the purpose of using the mulch is for another purpose, namely winter fertilization of trees (fertilizer or fertilizer), not planting seedlings. 6 and 7- Cellulose mulch cover and base: It is used in the upper and lower parts of the mulch, which is a circle with a diameter of 30 centimeters and a thickness of 5 centimeters, consisting of a white mesh with 2 x 2 mm holes at the top and bottom of the cellulose material, which is sewn together with several threads. The mesh has anti-chewing, anti-UV, and anti-deformation properties that prevent the straw texture from falling apart and falling apart. The cellulose texture consists of 70% chopped fibers of poplar and poplar trees and 30% coarse fibers of sugarcane bagasse. This layer in the upper part of the mulch also helps to maintain moisture in the central core of the mulch and plays the role of protecting the symbiotic mycorrhiza fungus in the mulch core from sunlight and unusual environmental temperatures until planting. The lower layer of mulch also prevents moisture from escaping from the ends of the mulch to the soil at the bottom of the hole. Finally, after the cellulose material decomposes, it is absorbed by the roots as nutrients. 8- Plastic straps for the handle: Their length is 120 centimeters, their width is 1 centimeter, their thickness is 2 millimeters, and their color is all white. They are placed as a plus sign under the mulch floor's cardboard layer, preventing it from separating from the mulch floor. They also continue over the outermost polymer layer and pass under the two body straps No. 11, and after installing the metal clips and pressing them together, they are also used as handles for transportation. 9- Plastic body straps: Their length is 120 centimeters, their width is 1 centimeter, and their thickness is 2 millimeters, and their entire color is white. In the upper and lower third of the mulch, they are placed like a belt on the white plastic insulation layer, securing it to the mulch, and they also pass over the number 10 straps, making them firm and adhere to the mulch. 10- Metal clip: It is used to fasten the plastic straps No. (8 and 9) and prevents them from separating from each other. A clear and precise statement of the advantages of the claimed invention over prior inventions. 1- The first vertical compacted mulch contains organic materials with high nutritional value, strong moisture absorbing materials, and also has root symbiotic fungi, along with a double cellulose coating on the top and bottom body, which is surrounded by a polymer insulation layer, all of which are entirely domestically produced. 2- Given that the majority of the mulch composition is from waste from sugarcane industries, and Iran is the only country in the region that pursues extensive sugarcane cultivation and has the ability to mass produce it, the price of these inputs is very low and is available throughout the year, which can, in addition to meeting domestic needs, also meet the export needs of Middle Eastern countries affected by dust. 3- Because it has a handle, it is very easy to transport, and the speed and accuracy of work increases during use. 4- Due to the precise mixing of raw materials and the compaction of all materials in the production process, there is no need to have a soil workshop at the site of planting seedlings, and problems caused by workers not mixing materials uniformly are reduced to zero. 5- Due to the use of arbuscular mycorrhiza inoculum in the upper layer of mulch from the beginning of root growth activity and the beginning of the symbiotic relationship, it causes a multifold increase in the absorption of nutrients and water by the roots, as well as increasing the plant's resistance to drought and salinity stresses, and reducing soil erosion. 6- The white polymer insulation of the mulch has a root barrier property that resists horizontal root pressures and only allows root development vertically and downwards, which absorbs moisture from the lower layers of the soil. 7- Due to the compactness of the materials and the presence of multiple cellulose layers, this mulch prevents the capillary rise of water in the soil and its surface evaporation. 8- In this method, all types of fertilizers, such as organic fertilizers, including rotted livestock and poultry waste, urban waste compost, forest compost, food industry filter press cakes, treated sewage sludge, etc., can be used in the mixture without any restrictions and depending on the types of climate and potential of the region after compression. Description of at least one implementation method for implementing the invention First, we must obtain the desired fruitful or non-fruitful rooted or potted seedlings from nurseries that have a control approval label and seed and seedling certificate. Then we dig holes 60 cm deep and 60 cm in diameter. Then we take the mulch from the bundle and place it vertically in the hole so that its white color is upward. After this step, we carry out initial irrigation so that the vertical mulch reaches the appropriate relative humidity and its cellulose coating is completely wet. Then, to plant potted seedlings, we cut the plastic end of the pot where the roots emerge and then place the pot on the cellulose cap that is on the white area. If the area is windy, we also use a guard and place the scion facing the prevailing wind. Then, we fill the entire hole with good agricultural soil and gently tamp it down with our feet to remove the air. Then, we quickly irrigate the planting site by flooding it. If necessary, we water the planted seedlings in order to produce branches. We are taking a side trip.In order to use it as a fertilizer in the winter garden compost, holes 30 cm in diameter and 60 cm deep should be dug in the final third of the tree canopy. Inside the holes, we use vertical mulch with a cellulose coating that does not have white polymer insulation layers so that the roots can penetrate its internal tissue. Then, we cover its surface with good agricultural soil and then irrigate the compost area by flooding. Explicit mention of the industrial application of the invention 1- Deserts: For desertification in order to increase vegetation cover on a large scale by planting non-productive potted and bare-root seedlings in the fields. 2- Horticulture: For the construction of fruitful gardens and the irrigation of Tooba-designed gardens, as well as as winter fertilization (chalcod) for perennial fruit trees. 3- Forest and pasture: For wood cultivation and hand-planted afforestation projects. 4- Urban green space: for the purpose of planting non-productive trees in parks and planning urban green belts. Brief description of the invention The vertical compacted mulch fertilization and irrigation system with a cellulose coating and polymer insulation is used to solve the problem of new survival of planted seedlings for desertification and rainfed orchards, as well as for fertilizing trees, especially in arid and desert areas. To solve the above problem, a cylinder whose contents include sugarcane filter cake or pressed organic materials and fertilizers, bentonite, fine-grained bagasse, and arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus inoculant is used in the central core, which is surrounded on the outer surface by a 5 cm thick cellulose coating on the upper and lower parts of the mulch containing sugarcane bagasse and poplar and poplar wood fibers, and on the body by two layers of polymer insulation sewn and then laminated, respectively, and all layers are secured to the body of the mulch by four plastic straps. By using this mulch in the seedling planting hole, both labor errors due to the lack of proper mixing of materials and their correct placement are eliminated, and there is also no need to form a soil workshop on site, and due to the presence of organic and biological materials that absorb and store moisture in their texture, there is no need for frequent irrigation and costs are reduced.

Claims

Claim What is claimed: Claim 1) A vertical mulch fertilization and irrigation system for planting seedlings for the purpose of desertification and tree fertilization includes a cylinder with fertilizer compounds and bentonite compounds and a cellulose coating and polymer insulation that is handled with a belt and clamp as a vertical mulch system. Claim 2) According to claim 1, the contents of the cylinder from the inside to the outside include a mixture of bentonite, bagasse and arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus inoculant, sugarcane press filter cake or a mixture of pressed fertilizer materials, a cellulose coating consisting of bagasse and poplar and poplar fibers, polymer insulation, plastic straps and metal clips. Claim 3) According to claim 2, the central core of the mold is a cylinder with a diameter of 20 centimeters and a height of 15 centimeters, white in color, consisting of bentonite, bagasse, and arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus inoculum, which is placed within a layer of pressed fertilizer materials. Claim 4) According to claim 1, there is a cellulose coating on the upper and lower parts of the cylinder. The upper layer prevents direct sunlight (UV) from irradiating the fungus in the core of the mulch and prevents moisture from escaping at the end of the mulch. Claim 5) According to claim 1, two 120 cm straps are secured around the outermost layer of the cylinder body, preventing the entire layer from opening.

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