Single-stage drilling rig with self-adjusting pitch system and modular drill mechanism

Abstract

In the present invention document, a device has been introduced that is of such dimensions that it can be placed in sewage ponds and moved to the desired depth in the ground, and in this way, difficult excavation processes can be easily performed with less time and less manpower. With the help of the present device, there is no need to block the entire street and it only occupies a limited space of 4 square meters. The main components of the invention are: Chassis, a number of auger drills that are modularly and repeatedly connected to a power transmission system including a motor and gearbox to create different drilling lengths and rotate so that the auger drill structure has an interlocking connection system with a tongue and groove structure that ensures that the drills do not separate from each other. The hexagonal part is magnetically connected to each other with a retaining pin. The auger drill propulsion mechanism in which part of the device equipment including a hydraulic motor, drilling drill, laser sensor and its components are moved with the help of at least one jack and The linear guide system moves back and forth, a cylindrical bushing that is located around the drill in the initial part of the device after the head, so that this bushing is connected to the head and is welded to the edges of the drill spiral, and the initial spiral drill is not able to perform the drilling process due to the bushing, so it does not perform the cutting process, and apart from transferring soil backward, it has the role of holding the drill of the device, a hydraulic unit, a slope adjustment mechanism, and the control section of the device, which includes a programmable PLC.

Description

Description of the invention Title of the invention (as stated in the declaration) Single-stage drilling rig with self-adjusting advance slope system and modular drill mechanism The technical background of Astronomy The present invention is in the field of mechanical and electronic engineering, especially drilling machines. The technical problem of the invention's objectives � The method of laying sewage pipes in cities is as follows: first, the sewage ponds are excavated by the worker. Then, the excavator digs a tunnel from the first pond with dimensions of 1.15 meters high and 0.7 meters wide to place polyethylene pipes. For every 5 meters, a well or breathing rod is dug to supply air to the workers to the ground surface. This traditional method has the following disadvantages: 1-Requirement to create additional excavations such as well shafts (breathers) to provide air for workers, excavating three times the area of ​​the tunnel due to the entry of workers 2- Land subsidence after pipe laying due to additional excavations 3- Destruction of asphalt on streets to create wells and waste of urban capital 4- The time-consuming nature of digging tunnels and well shafts due to the manual nature of the process. 5- The high cost of laying sewage pipes and the cost of manually carrying out the process (60% of the 2 million Tomans per meter price of laying sewage pipes inside cities is for the wages of excavation workers.) 6- Pipe widening (or pipe deformation and ovalization) Due to improper filling and the pressure of live and dead loads on the pipes, the shape of the pipe changes from round to oval. For laying polyethylene sewage pipes with a small diameter of about 200 to 300 mm, due to the limitations of polyethylene pipes that can be compacted, as well as the large dimensions of drilling machines, there is no machine in the country or in the world that can dig tunnels for polyethylene sewage pipes with small diameters (200 to 300 mm) and from inside sewage ponds (the standard diameter of sewage ponds is 1.6 meters) without further damaging the street. All pipe laying operations are carried out by laborers and by hand. Of course, the high price of similar machines is another reason for not using them. In the present invention document, a device has been introduced that is of such dimensions that it can be placed in sewage ponds and moved to the desired depth in the ground, and in this way, difficult excavation processes can be easily carried out with less time and less manpower. With the help of the present device, there is no need to block the entire street and it only occupies a limited space of 4 square meters. Innovation is not limited to dimensions because the entire structure of the device and its mechanisms have been changed in a way that reduces the cost of manufacturing the device and makes its purchase and use affordable for contractors. The drilling machines available on the market are called microtunnelling machines, and their drilling methods are as follows: A: Cut and cover method: In this method, the pipes are made of steel, cast iron, etc. (non-dense) and in short lengths. First, the microtunneling device is inserted into the desired pit or shaft, and then the drilling device or the device's rail is adjusted according to the required slope and direction of the excavation, and the device starts drilling along with pipe laying. The problems with this method for using polyethylene sewage pipes are: 1- The type of polyethylene pipes is compressible. 2- The large dimensions of the device, which means that the pits or shafts required by these devices are also large, and they are mostly used for large areas and outside the city. B: Drilling method with guide pipe: In this method, a small diameter head called an angle finder is first used to achieve the slope and precise direction, which is used by jacking chassis to send the guide pipe to the receiving shaft. After the guide pipe reaches the receiving shaft, a large drilling bit of the required diameter is connected to the end of the guide pipe in the sending shaft. As with the drilling method, the hole creation operation is carried out in line with the previously created guide pipe path. The problems with this method are 1- the large dimensions of the devices available on the market and the risk of ground subsidence after pipe laying, and... 2- the high price of these devices. �� Description of the state of the art and history of advances related to the invention of the common law. ��Among domestic inventions, the closest documents are: The invention entitled "Lightweight non-aqueous well drilling device" and numbered "89887" relates to a lightweight non-aqueous well drilling device. It is a small and portable device that does not require a holding device or installation on a vehicle. It works with city electricity. This device is used for drilling rural sewage wells, controlling surface water runoff, and earth wells (connected to the ground). This device starts digging the bed using drilling tools and collects and transports the excavated soil using soil collection shovels. The difference between the present invention document and the document with registration number 89887 is in the application and mechanism. As can be seen, this device does not contain the main components of my invention, including the hydraulic tilt adjustment system and the modular drill system. The invention entitled "Mechanized device for branching domestic sewage without the need for manual excavation by traditional open-pit and tunnel methods" and with registration number "84335" relates to a mechanized device for branching domestic sewage without the need for manual excavation by traditional open-pit and tunnel methods. "This device is commonly used in the industry and performs the pipe laying process and requires a manual crane and equipment such as a sliding plate, hooks, locks, etc., which are not present in the present document. The present invention document uses a modular spiral drill system that is connected to each other with the help of protrusions and depressions similar to the tongue and groove system. While the present invention document uses a pin system to connect different sections of the spiral, which is not properly disclosed in the drawings. On the other hand, the slope detection and correction mechanism is not present in the document number 84335. Among foreign inventions, the closest patent documents are: The invention entitled "HELICAL DRILL BIT FOR AN AUGER OF A GROUND EXCAVATION ASSEMBLY, IN PARTICULAR FOR BUILDING EXCAVATED PILES, AND DRILLING METHOD THAT USES SUCH A BIT" and with the application number "US20130294843" relates to a helical drill for earth excavation, in particular for excavation piles. This drill and drilling or helical tool defines a helical or Archimedean screw structure that extends cylindrically about a longitudinal axis XX, the end portion of the spiral extending about a terminal axis (YY; Ψ-Ψ) that is not aligned with the longitudinal axis (XX). The invention entitled "Inclined hole excavating machine with adjustable angle" and with registration number "CN104631536" relates to an inclined drilling machine with an adjustable angle. The inclined drilling machine includes a lifting machine body, the lifting machine body is connected with a telescopic console, the lower part of the telescopic console is connected to the other end of the lifting machine body and the upper part with a lifting oil cylinder. The invention entitled "Spiral drilling machine and spiral drilling system for recovering coal pillar" and with registration number "CN210087317" discloses a spiral drilling machine and a spiral drilling system for recovering coal pillars. The spiral drilling machine includes a lower support frame, a rack, a front support frame, a drilling tool, a chain transmission assembly, a transverse pressure oil cylinder, a longitudinal pressure oil cylinder, a pushing motor and a rotary drilling motor. The transverse displacement of the spiral drilling machine is adjusted by the transverse pressure oil cylinder, the longitudinal displacement of the drilling machine is adjusted by the longitudinal pressure oil cylinder and the driving motor and the rotary drilling motor. It drives the drilling rod to rotate. In general, the difference between the present invention and the above devices is the self-adjusting tilt system. There is a tilt sensor on the device that has a transmitter and a receiver of focused light. The light passes through the hole between the spiral drills and reaches the receiving section, and the tilt is determined. If the drilling bit starts to deviate from the specified tilt for drilling, the PLC of the device immediately and online commands the hydraulic legs, and the hydraulic legs correct the required tilt by raising and lowering the device and slowly. Such a tilt detection system was not observed in the above documents. In addition, in the device introduced in the present patent document, a bushing is used to maintain the balance of the drills for drilling more than 10 meters, which is located around the drill and connected to it. The bushing is responsible for adjusting the balance of the device in the drill section and preventing their deviation, in other words, it restrains the weight of the drill and transfers the soil to the rear part of the device. Such a system and component for balancing does not exist in the above devices. Providing a solution to an existing technical problem accompanied by an accurate, sufficient, and integrated invention The present invention relates to a portable drilling machine in which the structure and mechanisms have been modified so that the dimensions of the machine are suitable for placement in sewage excavation ponds. This machine (10) performs the process of drilling tunnels for sewage pipes, but its application is not limited to this sector and it can be used for drilling in other sectors of the industry. Figure 1 shows a view of the machine (10) introduced in the present invention. In general, the machine (10) has a main chassis (9) on which all the equipment of the machine is installed and in one embodiment of the invention has a rectangular cross-section, but is not limited to this. The schematic drawings drawn in this document relate to only one of the embodiments of the invention and the description of the invention will be explained with reference to its embodiments and the description of these embodiments is only to clarify the operation of the machine and the drawings and figures do not create a limitation on the final shape of the machine and the placement of components. How it works: Figure 2 shows a schematic view of the location of the device (10) and the method of excavation. With the help of the present device, there is no need to block the entire street during excavation and it only occupies a limited space of 4 square meters. First, the excavation device (10) enters the previously excavated sewage pond (17) and then gives the necessary slope to the PLC (15) of the device and starts excavation. As mentioned, this device is used for excavation in the sewage piping system. In the drawings, the slope is shown in an exaggerated manner to explain the issue. In our country, polyethylene pipes are used, and these pipes cannot be placed automatically and with a machine because they do not have sufficient resistance to the pressure exerted by the jack. Also, in 1.8-meter ponds, it is not possible to mechanically place 6-meter sewage pipes, and the pipes must be manually inserted into the ponds (17) after the excavation is completed and the machine is removed. (In the same usual manual method that is currently used) a ramp or (pipe-carrying triangle) (16) is dug in the body of the well and above the excavated tunnel, and the pipes are placed inside the excavated path. Drilling mechanism: In Figures 4 and 5, the structure of the auger drill (1) of the device is seen. The use of various auger drills in the drilling industry has a history, but the drill system in the present invention is designed in a modular and repeatable manner, such that the auger drill connection system has an interlocking structure similar to the tongue and groove structure (11). In one embodiment of the invention, the tongue and groove, or the recess and protrusion, are respectively embedded in the end and beginning sections of the auger drill and have a hexagonal cross section. The depth of the groove and the length of the tongue are designed in such a way that the drills connect and engage each other well. To ensure that the drills do not separate from each other, the hexagonal part is connected to each other magnetically with a retaining pin (12). With this modular mechanism, different lengths of drilling can be done. The first drill is coupled to a power transmission system consisting of a hydraulic motor and a gearbox and rotates at a certain speed. The device has a PLC (15) to control the engine speed and determine the drilling speed. The device has a mechanism for driving auger drills in which some of the equipment of the device, including the hydraulic motor, drill bit, laser sensor (inclinometer) (14) and its components, move back and forth. In this mechanism, when placing a new auger drill, first the hydraulic motor along with the laser sensor is moved back, so the length of the shafts of both hydraulic jacks is reduced and the equipment is moved back. After placing the new auger drill and tightening the connection and coupling of the motor and drill, the length of the jacks shaft is increased and the equipment is moved forward to perform the drilling process. The forward and backward movement of the equipment is carried out by a linear guide system. In one embodiment of the invention, this system includes a rod and a hole, but is not limited to this and can also include a rail and a carriage. In this embodiment, two rods are installed in the longitudinal direction of the device, and on the other hand, the chassis (9) of the device equipment has two holes that are located inside the rod and can be moved forward and backward on the rod and in a specific linear path. "Which consists of at least two hydraulic jacks (8) mounted on the chassis (9) of the device, and the end of their output shaft is connected to a cross-shaped plate." Adding a spiral drill (1) with the aforementioned modular system is suitable for drilling up to 10 meters in length, but for drilling longer than 10 meters, due to the modular and sequential addition of spiral drills to the machine set, the problem of excessive weight of the drills and sagging of the drill bit, which ultimately causes the drilling path to deviate, arises. This problem is solved in the present invention with a cylindrical bushing (2) that is located around the drill in the initial part of the device after the head. This bushing (2) is connected to the head (1) and in one of the embodiments of the invention is welded to the edges of the drill spiral. As it is known, the initial spiral drill (bush bit) is not able to perform the drilling process due to the bushing, so it does not perform the cutting process. In other words, the bushing, apart from transferring soil backward, plays the role of a holder for the drill of the device. Since the weight of the drill (auger screw) is divided on both sides of the drill, one is the connection point to the hydraulic motor of the device and the other is the bushing point after the head, it can well provide the balance of the drill in the required slope and direction, and the problem of the head falling in long-length drilling is solved. If there is a slight deviation in the drilling path, it will be solved by the PLC slope adjustment system (15) and hydraulic supports (7). Tilt adjustment mechanism: The tilt adjustment mechanism is responsible for drilling in a specific direction without deviation in such a way that after drilling the initial point will definitely reach the secondary point. The mechanism consists of a number of hydraulic jacks that are connected to the chassis legs of the device. The chassis (9) is a supporting part that is connected to the horizontal legs with the help of a number of diagonal profiles. A number of holes are installed on the horizontal legs and the hydraulic jack is installed upside down in the holes so that a base is connected to the end of the jack shaft that is placed on the ground. As a result of reducing or increasing the length of the shaft, the chassis of the device moves down or up, respectively, and the device and its other equipment, including the drilling bit, are placed in an inclined position relative to the horizon. In one embodiment of the invention, the device has three horizontal legs and at least three hydraulic jacks (7) are located on each side of the chassis. The jacks operate linearly and in pairs, and both adjacent jacks are controlled in the same way. The hydraulic unit (3) is located on a chassis (13) to create pressure and controlled transfer of hydraulic fluid into the jacks and to enable the movement and opening and closing of the jacks in this document and, like hydraulic systems available on the market, has equipment including a tank, motor (5), hydraulic valve (6), fan (4), etc., which is clear and obvious to those skilled in the art. Another innovation of the present invention is the self-adjusting tilt system. A hole is built into the auger of the device, through which the light passes in a straight line. The tilt sensor is located on the body of the device before the first auger (1). The angle at which the light reaches the light receiver at the end of the auger is input data to the device control section. In the processing section, this data is compared with the initial tilt data to reach from point one to point two, and the tilt is increased or decreased. Hence, the output of this system is a change in the length of the hydraulic jack shafts. The device has a PLC (15) that controls all the electronic equipment of the device, such as the various speeds and power of the drill rotation, the pressure applied to the drill by the hydraulic jacks, the adjustment of the base jacks to adjust the required tilt, and the laser sensor (tilt sensor), etc. The various embodiments of the invention merely provide the detailed technical content of the present invention and its inventive features and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Various minor changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art and experts in the field based on the information and suggestions of the present invention are all within the scope of the present document. Numbering of components of the invention: 1-Screw head, 2-Bush, 3-Hydraulic unit, 4-Fan, 5-Motor, 6-Hydraulic valves, 7-Device base jacks, 8-Front and rear jacks of the equipment, 9-Chassis, 10-Device set introduced in the present invention document, 11-Cut and tongue, 12-Pin, 13-Hydraulic equipment chassis, 14-Sensor, 15-PLC, 16-Tube or pipe triangle, a17-Primary basin, b17-Secondary basin Explanation of shapes, patterns, and patterns Figure 1: Shows a view of the device introduced in the present invention document. Figure 2: Shows a view of the drilling process in the present invention. Figure 3: Shows another isometric view of the device. Figure 4: A view of the modular system of auger drills. Figure 5: A view of the drill bit tongue and groove system. A clear and precise statement of the advantages of the claimed invention over prior inventions. The device introduced in the present patent document has the following advantages over conventional examples: 1- Small dimensions, low weight, and easy portability 2- Using modular drills that are connected to each other with a system similar to a tongue and groove and are used for drilling with a different range of lengths. 3- Increasing drilling speed and reducing manpower risks 4-Increase drilling accuracy and prevent deviation with self-adjusting slope system A description of the minimum steps required to implement the invention. With the help of this device, there is no need to block the entire street during excavation and it only occupies a limited space of 4 square meters. First, at least two sewage ponds with a diameter of 1.8 meters are created and the device is moved into the first pond. To drill from the first point in the first pond to the second point in the second pond, the slope is first adjusted. In an example, the slope is determined as positive 0.5%. As mentioned, this device is used for drilling in the sewage system. Where in our country, polyethylene pipes are used and these pipes cannot be placed automatically and with the device because they do not have sufficient resistance to the pressure applied by the jack and the length of the polyethylene sewage pipes is 6 meters. After digging the tunnel, the device is removed from the pond and by creating a triangular ramp (pipe triangle) at the beginning of the dug tunnel, the polyethylene pipes are manually inserted into the excavated section. Express mention of the industrial application of the invention The device introduced in the present invention document can be used to perform various types of excavations with a specific slope and length in the industry. For example, it can be used in drilling sewage wells in the country's water and sewage industry. � Brief description of the invention

Claims

Claim What is claimed: Claim 1) A single-stage drilling machine with a self-adjusting advance slope system and a modular drill mechanism, the main components of which are: - A chassis consisting of the holding part of the machine on which all the equipment of the machine is installed, - A number of auger drills that are modularly connected to a power transmission system including a motor and a gearbox to create different drilling lengths, so that the auger drill structure has an interlocking connection system with a tongue and groove structure, which ensures that the drills do not separate from each other, the hexagonal part is magnetically connected to each other along with a retaining pin, - Auger drill propulsion mechanism in which part of the equipment of the machine, including a hydraulic motor, drilling bit, laser sensor and its components, move back and forth with the help of at least one jack and a linear guide system, - A cylindrical bushing that is placed around the drill in the initial part of the machine after the head, so that this bushing is connected to the head and is welded to the edges of the drill spiral, - A unit Hydraulics to create pressure and controlled transfer of hydraulic fluid into the jacks and possibleThe movement and opening and closing of the jacks, which include a tank, motor, hydraulic valve, fan, etc. -- The slope adjustment mechanism includes a number of jacks as the base of the device and a slope sensor that is responsible for drilling in a specific path without deviation in such a way that after drilling the initial point, it will definitely reach the secondary point. In this case, the slope sensor is placed on the body of the device and before the first spiral drill and passes the focused light through the hole embedded in the center of the spiral drill. The angle of light entering the receiver is considered as input data to the control section of the device. The control section of the device includes a programmed PLC, in which the slope data obtained from the sensor is compared with the initial slope data to reach from the initial point to the final point, and the slope is increased or decreased by changing the length of the shaft of the base hydraulic jacks. Claim 2) The invention set forth in claim 1 is that the forward and backward movement of the equipment is accomplished with a rod and nut linear guide system. Claim 3) The invention presented in claim 1, when placing a new auger drill, first the hydraulic motor along with the laser sensor is moved backwards, as a result, the length of the shafts of both hydraulic jacks is reduced and the equipment is moved backwards, and after placing the new auger drill and tightening the connection and coupling of the motor and drill, the length of the jack shafts is increased and the equipment is moved forward to perform the drilling process. Claim 4) The invention presented in claim 1 states that in a bush drill, because the weight of the drill is divided on both sides of the drill, one at the connection point to the hydraulic motor of the device and the other at the bush after the head, it provides the balance of the drill in the required slope and direction, and if there is a slight deviation in the drilling path, it will be resolved by the PLC slope adjustment system and hydraulic supports. Claim 5) The invention set forth in claim 1, in which the tilt adjustment mechanism consists of a number of hydraulic jacks that are connected to the legs of the machine chassis, and a number of holes are installed on the horizontal legs, and the hydraulic jack is installed upside down in the holes, so that a base is connected to the end of the jack shaft that is placed on the ground, and as a result of reducing or increasing the length of the shaft, the machine chassis is moved down or up, respectively, and the machine and its other equipment, including the drilling bit, are placed in an inclined position relative to the horizontal line. Claim 6) The invention set forth in claim 1 states that the device has three horizontal legs and at least three hydraulic jacks are located on each side of the chassis, the jacks operating linearly and in pairs, and both adjacent jacks are commanded in the same way. Claim 7) The invention presented in claim 1 states that the device has a PLC that controls all electronic equipment of the device, including the set of parameters for the speed and power of the drill's rotation, the pressure applied to the drill by the hydraulic jacks, the height of the base jacks to adjust the necessary slope, and the laser sensor (inclinometer). Claim 8) The invention set forth in claim 1, wherein the groove and the tongue are respectively embedded in the end and beginning sections of the auger bit, and the depth of the groove and the length of the tongue are designed in such a way that the augers are connected to each other. Claim 9)

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