AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY

Description

AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY DESCRIPTION Scope of application The present invention concerns an agricultural machine, according to the preamble of the 5 independent claim no. 1. The agricultural machine in question can be advantageously used to carry out several contemporary work on a piece of land. In particular, the aforementioned processes can be aimed at working the land itself, to for example, being operations of shredding, milling, ridge forming etc., or they can be aimed at 10 indirectly treat the soil, for example through sowing, mulching, etc. Therefore, the agricultural machine which is the subject of the present invention finds advantageous use in the agricultural machinery production sector. State of the art In the agricultural sector, agricultural machines are known for carrying out operations on land and / or on 15 crops, which are equipped with tools suitable for carrying out, for example, chopping operations, milling, sowing, etc. Such machines of known type comprise a drive unit, designed to move forward on the ground, and a tool, such as a cutter, a shredder, a seeder, etc., which is connected behind the drive unit, by means of a power take-off, to be towed and 20 simultaneously operated by the drive unit, so as to carry out the desired processing of the land. Such machines of the known type require a user to be on board to control their progress. and use on the land to be treated. As is known, the agricultural processes required by a land are many, and include a 25 precise sequence of operations that must be carried out in series in order to obtain the results desired agronomic results, such as in particular the correct growth, development and productivity of the crops. For example, before growing a new crop it is necessary to provide for carry out ground preparation operations, such as in particular a trenching operation 5 shredding, to remove plant residues from previous cultivation, a subsequent one milling operation, aimed at milling and moving the soil to be cultivated, and then carrying out the sowing operations, which include, in addition to the sowing phase, also sowing operations fertilization and post-sowing treatment of the soil. The set of these operations requires a user to change the tool mounted on the machine. 10 agricultural very frequently, that is, every time it has to carry out a new operation. This It requires a long time to disassemble and assemble a different tool each time, as well as to go over the land to be cultivated again and again to carry out the work with the tool mounted on the machine. This inconvenience is even more marked in the horticultural and wine-growing sectors, i.e. for uses 15 different from those in an open agricultural field, as in such sectors it is necessary to provide a greater number of tools and processes to be carried out also depending on the crop to be grown to cultivate and / or treat. In fact, while in open agricultural fields the processing is usually more limited, being particularly aimed at so-called industrial plants and usually including 20 shredding, milling, etc. operations in the horticultural, wine-growing or greenhouse sectors such as processes include, in addition to the traditional processes listed above, post-sowing treatment processes that depend on the type of crop (such as for example mulching and spraying) which greatly increase the treatment and care times of the entire culture. 25 The need to reduce the use of waste is therefore felt in the agricultural sector, and in particular in the horticultural sector. times and costs of soil processing for the preparation and maintenance of the crops, especially horticultural ones. Presentation of the invention In this situation, the problem underlying the present invention is to eliminate the 5 drawbacks of the above-mentioned known technique, making available an agricultural machine which allows for the reduction of time and costs for the cultivation of land, particularly horticultural land. A further object of the present invention is to provide a machine agricultural which allows for multiple operations to be carried out on the land at the same time. A further object of the present invention is to provide a machine 10 agricultural machine which is able to carry out operations both with a user on board and in a automatic. A further object of the present invention is to provide a machine agricultural which allows for a reduction in environmental impact. A further object of the present invention is to provide a machine 15 agricultural which can be easily used for different types of crops, and in particular the which is easy to remodel based on the user's needs. A further object of the present invention is to provide a machine agricultural which is structurally stable and resistant. A further object of the present invention is to provide a machine 20 agricultural which is simple and economical to implement. Brief description of the drawings The technical characteristics of the invention, according to the above-mentioned purposes, are clearly can be seen from the content of the claims below and the advantages thereof will become more evident from the detailed description that follows, made with 25 reference to the attached drawings, which represent some purely illustrative embodiments by way of example and not by way of limitation, where: − Figure 1 shows a rear perspective view from above of an agricultural machine object of the present invention; − Figure 2 shows a rear perspective view from below of the agricultural machine in 5 object; − Figure 3 shows a top front perspective view of the agricultural machine in object; − Figure 4 shows a side view of the agricultural machine in question; − Figures 5a and 5b show, respectively, a top view and a bottom view of the 10 agricultural machine in question; − Figure 6 shows a rear perspective view from above of the agricultural machine in object with some parts removed to better highlight others; − Figure 7 shows a top front perspective view of the machine in question equipped with of a command station for a user. 15 Detailed description of a preferred embodiment example With reference to the attached drawings, the agricultural machine has been indicated as a whole with 1 subject of the present invention. The agricultural machine 1 which is the object of the invention can be advantageously used to carry out soil preparation and maintenance operations for horticultural crops, in particular in 20 greenhouse, although it can also be used for growing medium-sized plants, such as for example orchards, and in particular vineyards, and for use in open agricultural fields. As better described below, the agricultural machine 1 which is the object of the present invention is configured to be controlled by a remote user, or alternatively to be physically controlled by a user from a control station mounted on the machine. 25 In accordance with the idea underlying the present invention, the agricultural machine 1 comprises a support frame 2, preferably metallic, which is equipped with at least four wheels 20, for allow the agricultural machine 1 itself to advance on a terrain along a direction of advancement A, and of a main body 21, which is supported by the wheels 20, spaced with respect to the ground, and which delimits a lower housing volume V. 5 In particular, the support frame 2 comprises several legs 24, each of which rises to starting from a corresponding wheel 20 supporting the main body 21 spaced from the ground. Preferably, the aforementioned legs 24 are telescopic legs, so as to allow to vary the distance of the main body 21 from the ground according to needs of the user and of the crop and / or of the different type of processing to be carried out. 10 Advantageously, the main body 21 comprises a lower wall 25, preferably polygonal and for example rectangular, which is facing the ground. Advantageously, the lower wall 25 is mechanically connected to the support frame 2 and delimits the lower part to it the aforementioned housing volume V. In other words, the housing volume V is to be understood as the volume extending from the 15 ground up to the lower wall 25 of the main body 21. In particular, the wheels 20 are connected to the main body 21, by means of the aforementioned telescopic legs 24, corresponding to the vertices of the latter, and therefore delimit at least partly laterally the aforementioned housing volume V. The main body 21 of the support frame 2 develops along a development direction 20 main X, parallel to the direction of advancement A, between a front end 21' and a opposite rear end 21''. In particular, the anterior end 21' is represented by the upstream end of the body main 21 in a forward direction along the forward direction A and the end rear 21'' is represented by the downstream end of the main body 21 in the aforementioned direction 25 of advancement along the same advancement direction A. The agricultural machine 1 comprises a first tool 3, mounted in correspondence of the front end 21' of the main body 21 of the supporting frame 2, externally to the housing volume V, and prepared to carry out initial processing. In particular, the aforementioned first processing can be carried out directly on the ground or 5 be carried out on a crop (one or more plants) intercepted by the agricultural machine 1 during its progress on the ground. For example, as described in detail below, the first tool 3 is a shredder or a agricultural milling machine, designed to remove plant residue from a previous crop or to break up the soil. 10 The agricultural machine 1 also comprises a second tool 4, connected to the main body 21, arranged in the housing volume V, and prepared to carry out a second processing. In particular, the aforementioned first processing can be carried out directly on the ground or be carried out on a crop (one or more plants) intercepted by agricultural machine 1 during 15 its progress on the ground. In particular, the second tool 4 is placed below the lower wall 25 of the body main 21. Preferably, the second tool 4 is connected to the main body 21 so as to be towed by the latter (and not pushed) during the advancement of the agricultural machine 1 on the 20 ground. In other words, the second tool 4 is connected by its own portion of connection which is arranged anteriorly, upstream with respect to the direction of advancement along the direction of advancement A, with respect to an operational portion suitable for working the ground, such as better described below. In particular, preferably, the second tool 4 is connected near the end 25 front 21' of the main body 21 of the supporting frame 2. For example, as described in detail below, the second tool 4 is a milling machine agricultural, a device for spreading a mulch sheet, or a fertilizer spreader, arranged to distribute at least one fertilizer on the soil, especially after tillage performed by the first tool 3. 5 The agricultural machine 1 also comprises a third tool 5, mounted in correspondence of the rear end 21'' of the main body 21 of the supporting frame 2, externally to the housing volume V, and prepared to carry out a third machining. In particular, the aforementioned first processing can be carried out directly on the ground or be carried out on a crop (one or more plants) intercepted by agricultural machine 1 during 10 its progress on the ground. For example, as described in detail below, the third tool 5 is a seeder, the which is designed to sow the seeds of a predetermined crop, preferably after the machining operations carried out by the first and second tool 3, 4. 15 The agricultural machine 1 also comprises drive means 6, which are mounted on the support frame 2 and are operationally connected independently to the first tool 3, to the second tool 4 and to the third tool 5, to operate the latter independently while the agricultural machine 1 is moving on the ground. In other words, the actuating means 6 are configured to actuate only one of the first, the 20 second and third tool 3, 4, 5 with the other two tools in a rest configuration (i.e. not operated by the operating means 6), or to operate two of the first, the second and third tool 3, 4, 5 with the other tool in rest configuration, or again to operate the first, second and third tools 3, 4, 5 simultaneously. In this way, the agricultural machine 1 allows to reduce the time and costs required for the 25 cultivation of the land, making the working of the land itself quick and efficient. In particular, the agricultural machine 1 can thus carry out multiple operations at the same time on the ground, with the operating means 6 which can simultaneously control the first, second and third tools 3, 4, 5 to perform the above first, respectively second and third processing on the land. 5 Obviously, without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the present invention, the agricultural machine 1 can only carry out one or two simultaneous operations on the land by means of the first, second and / or third tool 3, 4, 5 without the need to dismantle the unused tools (and thus optimizing time), being in particular such tools 3, 4, 5 operated independently of the drive means 6. 10 Advantageously, the provision of three tools on the agricultural machine 1 allows for avoid having to frequently change the same tools depending on the job to be done to carry out. Advantageously, the above described arrangement of the first, second and third tools 3, 4, 5 allows the use of large tools, such as cutters and milling machines 15 agricultural machines, allowing the agricultural machine 1 to carry out work both in open fields (reducing the machining time thanks to the use of large-sized tools) both in horticultural sector, in vineyards and / or in greenhouses. Advantageously, the first tool 3 is connected at a central portion of the front end 21' of the main body 21, and, preferably, the third tool 5 is 20 connected at a central portion of the rear end 21'' of the body main 21. In particular, the main body 21 is provided with a Y-axis of symmetry parallel to the direction of advance A. In more detail, for central portions of the anterior end 21' and the posterior end 25 21'' shall be understood as portions of the aforementioned front 21' and rear 21'' ends of the main body 21 placed in correspondence with the aforementioned symmetry axis Y, and therefore intermediate between two lateral sides of the same main body 21. Advantageously, the first and third tools 3, 5 are arranged with respective axes of symmetry parallel, and preferably coincident, with the Y-axis of symmetry of the body 5 main 21 of the support frame 2. Advantageously, the first, second and third tools 3, 4, 5 are arranged in alignment with each other. along an alignment direction X', which is parallel to the main development direction X of the main body 21 and the direction of advancement A, to perform a sequence of predetermined operations during the advancement of agricultural machine 1 on the ground. 10 Preferably, the three tools 3, 4, 5 are arranged so that their respective axes of symmetry are coincident. This ensures that a portion of the land treated by the first tool 3 is treated in sequence also from the second tool 4 and from the third tool 5 during the advancement of the agricultural machine 1 along a given direction of advancement A. 15 In particular, the first tool 3 is placed upstream of the main body 21 of the support frame 2 in the aforementioned direction of advancement, and in more detail upstream of the front end 21', and, preferably, the third tool 5 is placed downstream of the main body 21 of the support frame 2, and in more detail downstream of the 22'' rear end. In this way, the agricultural machine 1 with the respective first, second and third tools 3, 4, 5 20 has a bulk that develops mainly along the alignment direction X', thus limiting the lateral bulk. Consequently, the agricultural machine 1 is able to advance both in open fields and on land of horticultural crops or orchards which include the presence of rows of plants, whether they are low trunk, for example in the case of horticultural crops, or medium trunk, for example in the case of 25 vines, without intercepting the plants themselves, thus avoiding damaging them or, as described in detail below, passing over a row of the latter without intercepting the rows adjacent. Advantageously, the first tool 3 is chosen from a shredder, an agricultural milling machine, a agricultural tiller, a disc cultivator, a blade cultivator. 5 In particular, these tools are suitable for carrying out preparatory work on the ground before sowing or planting new crops. For example, installing a shredder allows to remove the plant residue from a previous crop so that it can subsequently be used prepare the ground for a new crop. Otherwise, the use of an agricultural milling machine or an agricultural stone cutter as a first 10 tool 3 allows you to break up the soil, preparing it for example for the next sowing. Advantageously, the second tool 4 is chosen from a fertilizer spreader, an agricultural milling machine, an agricultural burier, a bed former, a device for spreading a mulch sheet, a seeder. Advantageously, the machining carried out by this second tool 4 is suitable for preparing the 15 land for the intended crop. In particular, the second tool 4 is an agricultural milling machine or an agricultural burial machine preferably in case the latter is not already used as the first tool 3 in the agricultural machine 1. Alternatively, the second tool 4 can be a fertilizer spreader, designed to distribute 20 on the soil at least one fertilizer, in particular following the processing carried out by the first tool 3, for example following a ground milling operation carried out by the latter. Still differently, the second tool 4 is a trunk former designed to prepare the trunks of land on which to sow or plant predetermined crops, or a device for 25 spread a sheet of mulch on the ground in order to prevent the growth of weeds and, more in general, to protect the soil from external agents and maintain its properties without require further treatment. Advantageously, the third tool 5 is chosen from a seeder, a spreading device a mulch sheet (especially if the latter are not chosen as a second tool 5 4), an irrigation pipe, a spraying device. Obviously, without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the present invention, the agricultural machine 1 can provide different combinations of tools among the combinations above described. Advantageously, such a configuration of the first, second and third tools 3, 4, 5 allows you to carry out consecutive work on the ground without the need for 10 change the above-mentioned first, second and third tools 3, 4, 5 between one job and another, thus optimising the times of working the land. Advantageously, the agricultural machine 1 comprises three different agricultural tools 3, 4, 5, in in order to carry out different processes on the same land, and in particular three distinct ones processing in a predetermined sequence on a portion of land to be worked. 15 In more detail, each of the first, second and third tools 3, 4, 5 is chosen according to the others between the first, second and third tool 3, 4, 5. In particular, the first tool 3 is chosen in so that it is suitable for carrying out the soil processing that needs to be carried out prior to machining carried out by the second and third tools 4, 5. Similarly, the second tool 4 is chosen so that it is suitable for carrying out a machining operation 20 which must be performed after the machining carried out by the first tool 3 and prior to machining performed by the third tool 5. Advantageously, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the agricultural machine 1 illustrated in the attached figures, the first tool 3 is a shredder, the second tool 4 is a bed former, and the third tool 5 is a seeder. 25 In particular, this preferential embodiment allows the agricultural machine 1 to carry out the main processes necessary for cultivation on agricultural land with the same agricultural machine 1 without changing the tools between one job and the next next. Advantageously, the support frame 2 defines with the wheels 20 a passage width 5 L, and each first, second and third tool 3, 4, 5 defines a respective working width W', W'', W''', which is less than the passage width L defined by the wheels 20. In particular, the passage width L is defined in correspondence with a section of the wheels 20 distal to the axis of symmetry Y of the main body 21 of the support frame 2. Advantageously, the working width W', W'', W''' of the first, second and 10 third tool 3, 4, 5 less than the passage width L allows tools 3, 4, 5 same, and in particular to the first and second tool 3, 4, to carry out the machining operations on the ground without such work being damaged by the passage of the wheels 20 during the advancement of agricultural machine 1 along the direction of advancement A. Advantageously, the support frame 2 comprises a front mounting bar 22, 15 connected at the front end 21' of the main body 21, and a bar of rear mount 23, connected at the rear end 21'' of the body main 21. Preferably, the front mounting bar 22, and preferably also the rear assembly 23, develop along a respective direction of extension, which is 20 transversal, and more specifically orthogonal, to the main development direction X of the body main 21 of the support frame 2. Advantageously, the first tool 3 is equipped with a first three-point hitch 30, which is known in itself to the sector technician and therefore not explored in more detail below, connected to the mounting bar front 22, and the third tool 5 is equipped with a second three-point hitch 50, connected to the 25 rear mounting bar 23. Advantageously, the support frame 2 is equipped with an internal mounting bar 27, the which is preferably located at the anterior end 21' of the body main 21 and develops along a corresponding direction of extension, parallel to the directions of extension of the front mounting bar 22 and rear mounting bar 23, in particular 5 transversal (and more specifically orthogonal) to the main development direction X of the body main 21 of the support frame 2. Advantageously, such internal mounting bar 27 is fixed to the lower wall 25 of the body main 21, near the front end 21' of the latter, and is in particular arranged in the housing volume V. 10 Advantageously, the second tool 4 is connected with one end to the bar internal mounting 27, and extends from the said end towards the rear end 21'' of the main body 21, so as to be housed in the housing volume V. In particular, the second tool 4 is equipped with the aforementioned connecting portion, fixed to the internal mounting bar 27, and of the working portion (e.g. a rotor on which are 15 mounted cutters, hoes, knives, or a mulching roller etc.) which is placed downstream of the connecting portion with respect to the direction of advance along the direction of advance A of the agricultural machine 1, and therefore closer to the rear end 21'' of the body main 21. Advantageously, the second tool 4 is equipped with a third three-point hitch 40, connected 20 to the internal mounting bar 27. Advantageously, the front 22, rear 23 and internal 27 mounting bars are telescopic along their respective directions of extension. Preferably, the aforementioned mounting bars 22, 23, 27 extend orthogonally to the main development direction X of the main body 21 of the supporting frame 2 between a 25 minimum extension configuration, for example between 1000 and 1400 mm, and a maximum extension configuration, for example between 1500 and 2400 mm. Obviously, such mounting bars 22, 23, 27 are configured to also assume intermediate configurations between the aforementioned minimum and maximum extension configurations. Advantageously, as described in detail below, the wheels 20 mounted on the respective 5 telescopic legs 24 are integral with the movable portion of the front mounting bars 22 and rear 23 telescopic and, therefore, the movement of the latter between the Minimum extension and maximum extension configuration adjusts the passage width L defined by the 20 wheels themselves. In particular, the agricultural machine 1 is equipped with actuators, for example hydraulic or, 10 differently, electric, which are designed to move the aforementioned assembly bars 22, 23, 27 between the minimum extension configuration and the maximum configuration extension. In this way, the agricultural machine 1 is configured to adjust the passage width L depending on the type of crop on the land to be worked, for example depending on the distance between 15 rows of plants or between boxes of soil. For example, agricultural machine 1 can vary the passage width L to pass simultaneously over several rows or trunks during the advance along the advance direction A, thus reducing working times and increasing productivity. Advantageously, the first, second and third tools 3, 4, 5 are mounted on a fixed portion 20 respectively of the front 22, internal 27 and rear 23 mounting bar, so that the respective working width W', W'', W''' of the first, second and third tool 3, 4, 5 remains constant as the passage width L varies through the aforementioned bars telescopic assembly. Advantageously, the agricultural machine 1 comprises several advance motors, in which 25 each wheel 20 of the at least four wheels 20 is connected to a corresponding motor advancement, to allow independent motorization of the wheels 20. In particular, the agricultural machine 1 comprises several drive organs, for example one for each feed motor, which allow you to control each one separately wheel 20, for example by providing greater driving force to a specific wheel 20 for 5 overcome an obstacle (such as a rock or a dip). Consequently, the agricultural machine 1 is equipped with four driving wheels 20, which preferably they are independent drive wheels. In this way, the agricultural machine 1 thus configured can be used on rough terrain, for example muddy or uneven, and on terrains that have a steep slope, such as 10 example of hilly terrain on which a vineyard is present. Preferably, the feed motors are electric motors, for example AC. In particular, each electric drive motor is a wheel motor, which is installed in the hub of a respective wheel 20, making it the driving wheel. Advantageously, the agricultural machine 1 comprises at least four steering organs, 15 each of which is associated with a corresponding wheel 20, to rotate the wheel 20 around its own vertical steering axis. In particular, the 20 wheels can steer independently of each other thanks to the aforementioned steering organs. Advantageously, the aforementioned steering organs also allow the agricultural machine 1 to 20 overcome irregularities in the terrain more easily. Preferably, the steering organs are arranged to rotate the wheel through an angle between between 45° and 360°, and even more preferably at least 90°, so as to be able to improve the maneuverability of the agricultural machine 1. In particular, each of the steering organs includes a corresponding steering motor, 25 preferably electric, which can be operated to control the relevant steering organ steer a corresponding wheel 20. In this way, when the agricultural machine 1 reaches the end of the land after having completed the passage over a trunk or along a row along the direction of travel A, the possibility separate steering of each wheel 20 allows you to align it more easily to the trunk or row 5 next, further reducing the necessary maneuvering space. Advantageously, the support frame 2 comprises a closing casing 26, mounted above the main body 21, and in particular on the lower wall 25 of the latter, and defining with this lower wall 25 a containment volume C, in which are housed the means of operation 6. 10 Advantageously, as can be seen for example in figure 6, the actuation means 6 of the agricultural machine 1 comprises multiple drive motors 60, each of which is arranged to supply energy to the first, second and third tools 3, 4, 5 respectively and is preferably arranged in the containment volume C. Preferably, the drive motors 60 are electric motors. In particular, in a 15 preferred configuration, the actuation means 6 comprise a plurality of electronic converters, each of which is electrically connected to a corresponding drive motor 60 and a corresponding tool 3, 4, 5. In this way, the means of drive 6 are configured to control each tool 3, 4, 5 independently from each other. 20 Alternatively, the drive means 6 comprise a single drive motor 60, the which is connected to each tool 3, 4, 5, preferably via the respective converters electronic. Advantageously, the agricultural machine 1 comprises a power supply battery 61, which it is arranged in the containment volume C defined by the closing casing 26 and by the wall 25 lower 25 and is designed to power at least one of the drive motors 60, the advance motors and steering motors and auxiliary services of the agricultural machine 1 (such as (e.g. lighting, cooling / heating, etc.). For example, the battery of power supply 61 has a capacity greater than 60 kWh, for example equal to 80 kWh, sufficient to allow at least the advancement of the agricultural machine 1 on a piece of land and the simultaneous 5 processing by means of the first, second and third tools 3, 4, 5. Preferably, the most powerful tool is the second tool 4, which can be of large dimensions as it is housed in the housing volume V. For example, such a second Tool 4 may have a nominal power of up to 40 kW, and preferably up to 20 kW. Advantageously, the actuating means 6 comprise at least one connecting bus, 10 comprising electrical conductors preferably placed at a voltage lower than 100 V, such as for example at 89 V (in order to limit the electrical risk), suitable for electrically connecting the power pack 61 with the drive motors, steering motors and the drive 60. Preferably, the agricultural machine 1 comprises a power take-off, which is arranged 15 to allow the connection of an additional agricultural tool. In particular, this power take-off is electrically connected to a corresponding drive motor 60 by means of a corresponding electronic converter. Advantageously, the agricultural machine 1 thus configured, which preferably provides for the presence of electrically powered generators (in particular, diesel engines) 20 advance, 60 drive motors and steering motors), helps reduce the impact environmental and is particularly suitable for greenhouse crop processing, as it does not emit gases exhaust, being free of internal combustion engines. Otherwise, without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the present invention, the means of drive 6 comprise an internal combustion engine, advantageously connected 25 to tools 3, 4, 5 by means of an alternator capable of transforming the mechanical energy generated from the aforementioned internal combustion engine into electrical energy, which goes for example to power multiple power take-offs, each of which is advantageously connected respectively the first, second and third tools 3, 4, 5. In particular, in this configuration the aforementioned internal combustion engine is designed for 5 allow the advancement of the agricultural machine 1, being more in detail connected to the wheels 20 by means of mechanical organs known in themselves to the technician in the sector. Advantageously, as explained above, the support frame 2 comprises several legs telescopic 24, each of which is connected to the main body 21 of the support frame 2 and carries a corresponding 20 wheel mounted. 10 Advantageously, the agricultural machine 1 comprises several actuators, each of which is mounted on a corresponding telescopic leg 24 of the support frame 2, and is operable to move the corresponding telescopic leg 24 between an extended position and a retracted position. In particular, the actuators are of the linear type, preferably hydraulic, which include 15 for example hydraulic pistons. Advantageously, the movement of the telescopic legs 24 involves a movement of the main body 21 of the support frame 2. More in detail, when all the telescopic legs 24 are moved in the above mentioned retracted position, the agricultural machine 1 assumes a minimum height configuration, in which the 20 main body 21, and more precisely the lower wall 25, is at a minimum height from the ground preferably between 60 cm and 150 cm, sufficient to allow the machine agricultural 1 to house the second tool 4 in the housing volume V. In particular, when all the telescopic legs 24 are moved in the aforementioned extended position, the agricultural machine 1 assumes a maximum height configuration, in which 25 the main body 21, and more precisely the lower wall 25, is at a maximum height from the ground, which is preferably between 100 cm and 250 cm. Advantageously, each telescopic leg 24 can be moved by the corresponding actuator in an intermediate position between the retracted position and the extended position, so as to allow the agricultural machine 1 to assume intermediate heights between the height 5 minimum and maximum height. In this way, the height of the main body 21 of the support frame 2 can be varied from soil depending on the type of crop. For example, in the case of horticultural crops, where the plants are they grow in height for a few dozen centimetres and the vegetables are found close to the ground, it is possible to arrange the main body of the support frame 2 at the above-mentioned height 10 minimum. On the other hand, in the case of medium-sized plants, such as vines or other fruit trees, it is it is possible to distance the main body 21 of the support frame 2 from the ground by means of the telescopic legs 24 so that the main body 21 itself can pass above of the aforementioned rows. 15 Advantageously, when the main body 21 of the support frame 2 is translated vertically by the movement of the telescopic legs 24, the tools 3, 4, 5 mounted on the main body 21 itself are moved in solidarity with the latter. Otherwise, the tools 3, 4, 5 are mounted on the main body 21 so as to remain at a constant distance from the ground even when the actuators move the legs 20 telescopic 24 by lifting the main body 21 itself vertically. In particular, in this case the tools 3, 4, 5 are mounted on a fixed portion of the body main 21 of the support frame 2, which remains fixed when the telescopic legs 24 they are moved upwards, or, alternatively, on a fixed portion of the telescopic legs 24 same or, differently still, they are mounted on telescopic arms connected to the body 25 main 21, which are suitable for moving the same tools 3, 4, 5 downwards when the telescopic legs 24 are moved upwards, so that the relative motion between the telescopic legs 24 and the aforementioned telescopic arms is substantially zero and the tools 3, 4, 5 remain in a fixed position relative to the ground. Advantageously, each actuator can move the corresponding telescopic leg 24 5 independently from the other telescopic legs 24. In this way, the agricultural machine 1 is able to position itself with the main body 21 substantially horizontal even for working on sloping terrain, such as for example vineyards. Advantageously, the agricultural machine 1 comprises two front wheels 20, mounted on two 10 respective telescopic legs 24 placed upstream of the main body 21 in the direction of advancement, and in particular connected (e.g. fixed) at the end front 21' of main body 21. Preferably, the agricultural machine 1 comprises two rear wheels 20, mounted on two respective telescopic legs 24 placed downstream of the main body 21 in the direction of 15 advancement, and in particular connected (e.g. fixed) at the end rear 21'' of the main body 21. In particular, the front mounting bar 22 is placed to connect the legs telescopic 24 and, preferably, the rear mounting bar 23 is placed in connection of the 24 rear telescopic legs. 20 Advantageously, the agricultural machine 1 comprises a control logic unit 7, mounted on the support frame 2, which is operationally connected to at least the drive means 6 to command the latter to enable and / or disable the operation of the first, second and third tool 3, 4, 5. In particular, the control logic unit 7 is connected to the drive motors 60 and, 25 preferably, to the advance motors and steering motors. In more detail, the control logic unit 7 comprises a user interface, in particular equipped with a display (e.g. a touch-screen) to allow a user to control the wheel drive 20. Advantageously, the control logic unit 7 is operationally connected to the actuators 5 mounted on the telescopic legs 24 to control the actuators themselves to move the corresponding telescopic legs 24 between the aforementioned extended position and the retracted position. Preferably, the control logic unit 7 is configured to control the actuators at move the front 22, rear 23 and internal 24 mounting bars to adjust the passage width L between the above minimum and maximum extension configurations 10 extension. Advantageously, the control logic unit 7 is equipped with an autonomous driving system, the which allows the agricultural machine 1 to advance autonomously along the direction of advancement A and to carry out the aforementioned works on the ground through the first, the second and the third tool 3, 4, 5. In particular, for this purpose, the agricultural machine 1 is equipped with a 15 positioning system, such as a GPS, placed in data communication with the unit control logic 7 to transmit to the latter data containing information relating to the position of the agricultural machine 1 itself. Advantageously, as illustrated for example in figure 7, one of the first, the second and the third tool 3, 4, 5, and preferably the first tool 3, may be a station of 20 control for a user, preferably provided with a seat for the user. In particular, the first tool 3 is a control station for a user in case the the work to be carried out on the land is complex and requires constant supervision by a user. In this way, the agricultural machine 1 can be used both automatically, for 25 example via the control logic unit 7, either with a user on board. The invention thus conceived therefore achieves the intended purposes.

Claims

1. Agricultural machine (1), characterised by the fact that it comprises: − a support frame (2), which is equipped with at least four wheels (20), to allow said agricultural machine (1) to advance on a terrain along a direction of advancement 5 (A), and of a main body (21), which is supported by said wheels (20), spaced with respect to the said land, and which delimits a housing volume (V) at the bottom; the main body (21) of said support frame (2) developing along a direction of main development (X), parallel to said direction of advancement (A), between one end anterior (21') and an opposite posterior end (21''); 10 − a first tool (3), mounted at the front end (21') of the body main (21) of said support frame (2), externally to said volume of housing (V), and prepared to carry out an initial machining; − a second tool (4), connected to said main body (21), arranged in said volume of housing (V), and prepared to carry out a second machining; 15 − a third tool (5), mounted at the rear end (21'') of the body main (21) of said support frame (2), externally to said volume of housing (V), and prepared to carry out a third machining; − actuating means (6), which are mounted on said supporting frame (2) and are operationally connected independently to said first tool (3), second 20 tool (4) and third tool (5), to operate the latter independently during the advancement of said agricultural machine (1) on said land.

2. Agricultural machine (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that said first tool (3) is connected at a central portion of the front end (21') of said main body (21), and that said third tool (5) is connected at a 25 central portion of the rear end (21'') of said main body (21).

3. Agricultural machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that said first, second and third tools (3, 4, 5) are arranged aligned with each other along a direction of alignment (X'), which is parallel to said main development direction (X) and to said feed direction (A), to carry out a predetermined sequence of operations 5 during the advancement of said agricultural machine (1) on said land.

4. Agricultural machine (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised from the fact that: ‒ said first tool (3) is chosen between a shredder, an agricultural milling machine, a burier agricultural, a disc cultivator, a blade cultivator; 10 ‒ said second tool (4) is chosen between a fertilizer spreader, an agricultural milling machine, a agricultural graver, a bed former, a device for spreading a mulch sheet, a seeder; ‒ said third tool (5) is chosen between a seeder, a device for spreading a sheet of mulch, a hose, a sprayer. 15 5. Agricultural machine (1) according to claim 4, characterised in that said first tool (3) is a shredder, said second tool (4) is a bed former, and said third tool (5) is a seeder.

6. Agricultural machine (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised from the fact that said support frame (2) defines with said wheels (20) a width of 20 passage (L), and that each said first, second and third tool (3, 4, 5) defines a respective working width (W', W'', W'''), which is smaller than the passage width (L) defined by said wheels (20).

7. Agricultural machine (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised from the fact that said support frame (2) includes a front mounting bar (22), 25 connected at the front end (21') of said main body (21), and a rear mounting bar (23), connected at the rear end (21'') of the said main body (21); said first tool (3) being equipped with a first three-point attachment (30), connected to said front mounting bar (22), and said third tool (5) being equipped with a second 5 three-point hitch (50), connected to said rear mounting bar (23).

8. Agricultural machine (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised from the fact of comprising several advancement motors, where each said wheel (20) of said at least four wheels (20) are connected to a corresponding so-called advance motor, for allow the independent motorization of said wheels (20). 10 9. Agricultural machine (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised from the fact that said support frame (2) comprises several telescopic legs (24), each of which which is connected to the main body (21) of said support frame (2) and carries a mounted corresponding wheel (20); said agricultural machine (1) comprising several actuators, each of which is mounted on a 15 corresponding telescopic leg (24) of said support frame (2), and is operable for move the corresponding said telescopic leg (24) between an extended position and a retracted position.

10. Agricultural machine (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised by comprising a control logic unit (7), mounted on said support frame 20 (2), which is operationally connected to at least said actuating means (6) to control said operating means (6) to enable and / or disable the operation of said tools (3, 4, 5).