SPEAKER AND METHOD OF SPREADING A SOUND.

Description

DESCRIPTION Attached to a patent application for an INDUSTRIAL INVENTION having by title LOUDSPEAKER AND METHOD TO SPREAD A 5 SOUND. On behalf of: POWERSOFT SpA Via E. Conti, 5 50018 Scandicci (Florence) Agents: Eng. Marco CONTI, Registered No. 1280 BM ******* The present invention relates to an object, a loudspeaker and a method of spreading a sound. Typically, loudspeakers include a transduction system 10 electromechanics, to convert a variable electrical signal into a mechanical movement of a radiator, in order to generate an acoustic wave. These transduction systems include a magnetic element integral with the fixed parts of the speaker and a movable magnetic element, connected to the radiator, to move it; in particular, the moving magnetic element 15 moves under the action of the magnetic field generated by the element magnetic solidarity. In this context, there are two types of transduction systems electromechanical. In the most widespread system, called "moving coil", the integral magnetic element is a permanent magnet, while 20 the moving magnetic element is a coil; the coil is excited by the electrical signal that you want to transduce and this moves in response to the interaction with the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet. An example of a moving coil system is described in the paper patent US5014323A. Alternatively, according to a system called “a 25 moving magnet”, the integral magnetic element consists of a coil fixed, while the movable magnetic element is a magnet; the fixed coil is excited by the electrical signal and the moving magnet moves in response to the magnetic field generated by the coil. An example of a system with moving magnet is described in patent document EP2550724, a name of the same Applicant. 5 In loudspeakers, there is a need to drive the rectilinear motion of the components, so as to ensure that the movement is as precise as possible and rigid along directions orthogonal to the direction of motion. Furthermore, it is it is preferable that the “compliance” along the direction of motion is higher, with respect to compliance along orthogonal directions. For this purpose, the 10 speakers include centering (or guiding) systems. Patent document US5014323A describes a moving coil system including a centering system, called spider; however, these systems centering screws are often subject to breakage and require frequent repairs. 15 Patent document 102022000026061, in the name of the same Applicant, describes a moving magnet or moving coil system comprising a guide system between the moving part and the fixed part of the speaker. The driving system consists of a closed element on itself to form a ring, configured to roll between the components in 20 response to their relative motion; however, this guidance system can be noisy. In fact, a very pressing need, especially in the type of moving magnet speakers, is to obtain a high silence of the movement. Also, in the case of moving magnet speakers, it is important that 25 the speaker is compact, lightweight and inexpensive to produce. Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to make available a loudspeaker and a method of spreading sound that overcomes the drawbacks of known technique mentioned above. In particular, it is the purpose of this invention to provide a 30 speaker and a method of spreading a sound capable of ensuring a high stiffness along directions orthogonal to the preferred direction of the motion. A further aim of the present invention is to propose a loudspeaker which is compact, lightweight and inexpensive. This purpose is fully achieved by the loudspeaker and the method for 5 to spread a sound which is the object of this invention, which are characterised by as contained in the claims below. The speaker comprises a coil, configured to generate a field magnetic along a longitudinal axis. The speaker includes a ferromagnetic circuit. The circuit 10 ferromagnetic includes a central core. The coil is wrapped around the central core. In particular, the coil has a plurality of turns wrapped around the longitudinal axis and surrounding the central nucleus. The the central core is aligned with the longitudinal axis. The ferromagnetic circuit includes an outer core. The outer core is 15 placed laterally to the coil. The outer core surrounds at least partially the coil. The outer core is separated from the central core so as to define an air gap. Preferably, the coil and the ferromagnetic circuit constitute a fixed crew. 20 The speaker includes a magnet. The magnet is placed in the air gap and is movable within the air gap along one direction of movement, in response to the magnetic field generated by the coil. In particular, the air gap extends along the direction of movement. In this way, the magnet moves inside the air gap along the direction of 25 movement. In one embodiment, the direction of movement and the axis longitudinal are parallel or coincident with each other, or the direction of movement and the longitudinal axis can be perpendicular to each other them. So, the direction of the magnet and the longitudinal axis around which 30 the coil is wound can be parallel or perpendicular to each other. The speaker includes a radiator. The radiator is operational coupled to the magnet, so that upon movement of the magnet along the direction of movement corresponds an oscillation of the radiator along the direction of movement, so as to generate waves of pressure. In particular, when the direction of movement and the axis 5 longitudinal of the coil are parallel to each other or coincide, the radiator oscillates parallel to the longitudinal axis (or along the longitudinal axis). Preferably, the magnet and the radiator form a crew mobile. The speaker includes a steering system, configured to constrain the 10 movement of the magnet along the direction of movement. In other words, the guidance system is configured to constrain (guide) the motion longitudinal (alternating) of the mobile crew. In particular, the steering system includes a flexible organ. The organ flexible is a yielding mechanism. The term mechanism 15 yieldable means a mechanical system whose movement occurs through an elastic deformation of the mechanism itself. A yielding mechanism is configured to be flexible at specific points (hereinafter called deformable joints), while maintaining rigidity necessary in other areas (hereinafter called rigid portions of 20 connection). The flexible organ is connected to the mobile crew in a first area of connection and to the fixed crew in a second connection zone. The flexible organ has a plurality of deformable joints and a plurality of rigid connecting portions. Deformable joints have a 25 greater flexibility than the rigid connection portions. In other words, the joints, through deformation, allow the rigid portions to connection of moving relative to each other. Preferably, the deformable joints are made up of areas of the organ flexible with a thinner thickness compared to the rigid connecting portions. 30 The deformable joints are placed between the rigid connecting portions (and vice versa) so as to guide the magnet along the direction of movement through elastic deformation of the flexible member. Deformable joints are configured to deform in response to the motion of the magnet along the direction of movement. In this way, the flexible organ guides, in a controlled manner, the 5 movement of the mobile crew relative to the fixed crew. When the moving crew magnet moves, deformable joints deform while the rigid connecting portions remain rigid and move relative to each other along the direction of movement, so as to allow the mobile crew to move longitudinally. 10 The flexible organ prevents (i.e. is configured to prevent) movements of the moving equipment (especially the magnet) along directions orthogonal to the direction of movement. So, a yielding mechanism is made up of a combination of parts flexible (the joints) and rigid parts (the connecting portions), so as to 15 obtain a transmission of motion through elastic deformation. Preferably, the yielding mechanism is made of material homogeneous, that is, the joints and the rigid connecting portions are made up of of the same material. Therefore, the flexible organ allows for precise movements, 20 free from friction and mechanical play. In fact, compared to the solutions that involve an element that rolls or slides between the components, the organ flexible is quieter. In one embodiment, the speaker comprises a plurality of magnets. In particular, the plurality of magnets includes the magnet. 25 Each magnet of the plurality of magnets is movable along a respective direction of movement parallel to the longitudinal axis. Each magnet of the plurality of magnets is placed within the air gap. In other words, the loudspeaker comprises a plurality of air gaps; within each air gap is placed a respective magnet. The plurality of magnets is connected to the 30 radiator so as to define, together with the radiator, the mobile crew of the speaker. For each magnet of the plurality of magnets, the guidance system comprises a flexible organ, connected to the respective magnet in corresponding to the first connection zone and to the fixed crew in correspondence of the second connection zone. Each organ 5 flexible is configured to drive the movement of the plurality magnet of magnets along the respective direction of movement. Flexible organs can be connected to each other (directly or indirectly). In one embodiment, the flexible member consists of a body 10 monolithic; in other words, the flexible organ is made of one piece. Preferably, the flexible organ is made of material plastic / polymeric material, or in any case in a polymeric material in able to withstand cyclic fatigue due to deformations. Preferably, the flexible organ is made of acetal resin. 15 The flexible organ can be injection molded or laser cut, water, numerical control and other ways. In one example, the first connection zone includes a zone of upper connection and a lower connection area. In particular, the upper connection area and the lower connection area are 20 mutually spaced along a direction transverse to the axis longitudinal and / or to the direction of movement and placed at heights different along the direction of movement. The plurality of joints may comprise a first joint, located in proximity to the upper connection area. The plurality of joints can 25 include a second joint, located near the area of lower connection. The plurality of joints may comprise a third joint. The third joint can be placed near the second zone of connection. The plurality of joints may include a fourth joint and a fifth joint. 30 The plurality of rigid connecting portions may comprise a first rigid connecting portion, a second rigid connecting portion and a third rigid connecting portion. The first rigid connection portion can extend transversely to the direction of movement between the first joint and the fourth joint. The second rigid connection portion can extend transversely 5 to the direction of movement between the second joint and the fifth joint. The third rigid connection portion can be interposed between the first rigid connection portion and the second rigid connection portion. The third rigid connection portion is connected to the first portion rigid connection at the fourth joint. The third portion 10 rigid connection is connected to the second rigid portion of connection at the fifth joint. The third rigid portion connection is connected to the fixed speaker unit via the second connection point. In this way, the flexible organ deforms at the first, 15 second, third, fourth and fifth joint while remaining rigid in correspondence of the first, second and third rigid portion of connection. It is noted that the term connection can be understood as any type of connection between two elements; for example, the connection can 20 be of a mechanical type (through force or form coupling) or by gluing. In particular, the flexible organ has a width. The width is defined at the upper connection area and the area of lower connection, perpendicular to the direction of 25 movement. The flexible organ has a depth, defined perpendicular to the direction of movement and to the width. Preferably, the flexible organ has a greater width with respect to depth. In other words, the flexible organ presents a prevalent extension in correspondence with the connection zone 30 upper and lower connection area. More specifically, a ratio of length to depth is greater than 2. Preferably, the ratio of length to depth is less than 12. So, the greater the depth, the greater the rigidity of the organ. flexible along the axis of extension of the depth of the flexible organ. In 5 In this way, the torsions of the flexible organ are reduced to a minimum, in approaching or moving away from the movement axis. In fact, it is preferable to have a high stiffness of the motion of the magnet along the directions orthogonal to the direction of movement. In addition or alternatively, it is observed that it is possible to obtain the rigidity of the 10 movement away from and towards the longitudinal axis of the flexible organ also connecting each other, directly or indirectly, the flexible organs, in case there are a plurality of them. In In particular, the flexible organs are mutually connected, directly or indirectly, so as to form a polygon, more in 15 particular, a quadrilateral. For example, flexible organs can be mutually connected (directly or indirectly) so as to form a polygon of flexible organs, where the polygon lies on a plane perpendicular to the direction of movement. The polygon formed by the flexible organs can constitute a rigid body along orthogonal directions 20 to the direction of movement and be moveable along the direction of movement. It is also noted that, at rest (in the absence of forces applied to the magnet), the first rigid connection zone and the second rigid connection zone are arranged parallel to each other. Preferably, the third zone 25 rigid connection has a parallelepiped shape. In one embodiment, the plurality of joints (and rigid portions of connection) is configured to create a kinematics that approximates a linear Watt guide. In other words, the flexible member constitutes a Watt's linear guide. In Watt's linear guide, the connection point 30 top and the first joint coincide with each other and the connection point the lower and second joints coincide. In this case, the joints They are not configured to deform but rotate, like pivots, around the upper connection area and lower connection area. In the Watt's linear guide, the first rigid connection area is hinged at the top connection point so that it can rotate like a body 5 rigid around the upper connection point; the second rigid zone of connection is hinged at the lower connection point so to be able to rotate like a rigid body around the connection point upper. The third rigid connection zone is connected to the first zone rigid connection and to the second rigid connection zone, 10 respectively, through the fourth joint and the fifth joint. In this case, the the fourth joint and the fifth joint do not deform but rotate, like pins. In the motion of the magnet, the upper connection zone and the lower connection move in response to the movement of the magnet (the 15 connection zones being connected, directly or indirectly, to the magnet), determining the movement of the first rigid portion of connection and the second rigid connection portion and the third rigid connection portion thanks to the joints (in the case of the linear guide) of Watt, of the pins) that allow its movement. Thanks to the fact that the 20 rigid connection portion is connected, via the second connection point connection, to the fixed speaker unit, by means of the joints and the first rigid connection portion and the second rigid connection portion connection, the magnet fixed to the deformable organ is constrained to the only movement along the direction of movement while blocked 25 with respect to movement along axes perpendicular to the direction of movement. In one example, the third rigid connection portion is connected to the core outside of the ferromagnetic circuit, corresponding to the second zone connection point; preferably, with respect to the second area of 30 connection, the third rigid connection portion is free to rotate around an axis passing through the second connection zone. In one embodiment, the third rigid connecting portion comprises a plurality of arms. Each arm extends transversely to the direction of movement (and to the longitudinal axis, in case the direction of movement and the longitudinal axis are 5 are perpendicular to each other). In particular, the plurality of arms is configured to allow for deformation of the third rigid connection zone along the direction of movement, in response to the movement of the magnet along the direction of movement. In particular, the plurality of arms comprises a first arm and a 10 second arm. Each extends between two ends. The first arm and the second arm are mutually connected at the own ends. In particular, each of the arms is arranged parallel to each other. The third rigid zone may include a plurality of cracks for 15 allow a deformation of the third rigid connection zone when subjected to a force applied to it along the direction of movement. Cracks may extend in the direction transverse to the direction of movement. In one embodiment, the first arm includes a sixth joint, 20 a seventh joint and a fourth rigid connecting portion, interposed between the sixth joint and the seventh joint; the second arm includes an eighth node and a ninth node and a fifth rigid connecting portion, interposed between the eighth and ninth joint. The first arm and the second arm being configured to deform in 25 correspondence of the sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth node in response to the movement of the magnet along the direction of movement. In one embodiment, the guide device includes a structure of support, configured to connect the magnet to the flexible organ. The support structure is configured to move along the direction of 30 movement in response to the displacement of the magnet along the direction of movement. In particular, the support structure is connected to the flexible organ at the first area of connection (in particular, at the connection area upper or lower connection area) to the first rigid portion of connection and to the second rigid connecting portion of the organ 5 flexible. In one embodiment, the support structure comprises a accommodation. The magnet is placed inside the accommodation of the structure support. In this way, the structure and the magnet move together They. 10 In another embodiment, the support structure may comprise one or more corner elements. Each corner element is configured for connect a pair of magnets together. In particular, the elements angles are interposed between the magnets of the plurality so as to connect them together them so as to form a polygon (or quadrilateral, if there are four 15 magnets). Each magnet has a first extension, where the first extension is transverse to the direction of movement. Each magnet has a first extension between a first end and a second end; each corner element is configured to connect one end 20 (first or second) of a magnet at one end (first or second) of the adjacent magnet. Each corner element is configured to connect a pair of flexible organs between the two. In particular, the corner elements are interposed between the flexible organs of the plurality of flexible organs so as to connect them together 25 of them so as to form a polygon of flexible organs (or quadrilateral, if there are four flexible organs). In particular, each corner element is configured to connect a first connection zone (in particular, the upper connection zone) of a flexible organ with the connection zone (in particular, the connection zone 30 lower connection) of the adjacent flexible organ. In one embodiment, the support structure is configured to connect the magnet to the first rigid connection area and to the second rigid connection area of ​​the flexible organ (in correspondence with the first connection point, i.e. the upper connection point and the lower connection point). 5 The speaker may include an implementing body. The implementing body actuation is configured to connect the magnet to the radiator, so that, ad a movement of the magnet along the direction of movement, corresponds to a movement of the radiator along the same direction (or towards) or, preferably, in an opposite direction (or towards). 10 In particular, the actuating organ can be connected to the magnet through the support structure. For this purpose, the implementing body can be connected to the magnet via the angle element. In one embodiment, the speaker comprises a plurality of actuating organs. The angular elements can be interposed between the 15 implementing bodies of the plurality of implementing bodies, so as to form a polygon of implementing bodies (in particular, there are four bodies of implementation, therefore the implementing bodies form a quadrilateral). This description also provides a linear actuator. The linear actuator comprises a coil, configured to generate a 20 magnetic field along a longitudinal axis. The linear actuator includes a ferromagnetic circuit. The ferromagnetic circuit includes a central core, around which the coil is wound. The ferromagnetic circuit includes an outer core placed laterally to the coil and surrounding at least partially the coil. The outer core is separated from the core 25 internally to define an air gap. The coil and the ferromagnetic circuit constitute a fixed crew. The linear actuator comprises a magnet, placed in the air gap and movable within the air gap along a direction of movement, in response to the magnetic field generated by the coil. The magnet constitutes a moving part. The air gap is extended 30 along the direction of movement. The linear actuator includes a guide system, configured to constrain the movement of the magnet along the direction of motion, in which the guidance system includes a flexible member constituting a mechanism yielding. The flexible organ is connected to the mobile crew in a first area of 5 connection and to the fixed crew in a second connection area; the flexible organ has a plurality of deformable joints and a plurality of rigid connecting portions. The deformable joints are interposed between the rigid connection portions, so as to guide the magnet along the direction of movement through elastic deformation of the flexible organ. 10 In general, the flexible member of the actuator can be made according to one or more features of this description. This description also provides a method for broadcasting sound. The method includes a stage of preparing a coil and a ferromagnetic circuit; ferromagnetic circuit includes a core 15 central, around which the coil is wound, and an outer core placed laterally to the coil and at least partially surrounding the coil. outer core is separated from the core so as to define an air gap, in which the The coil and the ferromagnetic circuit constitute a fixed assembly. The method involves a phase of preparation of a magnet, placed in the 20 air gap and a radiator operationally coupled to the magnet. The magnet and the radiator constitute a mobile crew. The method comprises a step of generating a long magnetic field a longitudinal axis by the coil and movement of the magnet within the air gap along a direction of movement, in response 25 to the generated magnetic field. The method involves an oscillation phase of the radiator along the direction of movement in response to the movement of the magnet, so as to generate pressure waves. The air gap extends along the direction of movement. The method comprises a guidance phase, by a guidance system, 30 of the movement of the magnet along the direction of movement, wherein the guidance system includes a flexible member constituting a flexible mechanism. The flexible member is connected to the moving assembly in a first connection zone and to the fixed crew in a second connection area. The flexible organ has a plurality of joints deformable and a plurality of rigid connecting portions. The joints 5 deformable parts are placed between the rigid connecting portions. The guiding phase of the magnet along the direction of movement takes place by the flexible organ, through elastic deformation of the organ flexible. In one example, the magnet setup phase includes a 10 arrangement of a plurality of magnets comprising the magnet, wherein each magnet is connected to the radiator to define, together with the radiator, the moving equipment; for each magnet of the plurality of magnets, the guidance system comprises a flexible member connected to the respective magnet at the first connection point and the method 15 includes a phase of moving each magnet along a respective direction of movement, the driving phase including a guide the movement of the respective magnet along the direction of movement, by the respective flexible organ. In one example, the first connection zone includes a zone of 20 upper connection and a lower connection area; the plurality of joints includes a first joint, a second joint, a third joint, a fourth joint and a fifth joint; the plurality of rigid connecting portions comprises a first rigid connection portion, a second rigid connecting portion and a third rigid connecting portion. 25 The first joint is located near the upper connection area, the second joint is located near the connection area lower and the third joint is located near the second area of connection. The first rigid portion of the connection extends transversely to the direction of movement between the first joint and the 30 fourth joint, the second rigid connection portion extends transversely to the direction of movement between the second joint and the fifth joint. The third rigid connection portion is connected to the first portion rigid connection at the fourth joint, at the second rigid connection portion at the fifth joint, the third 5 rigid connection portion is connected via the second connection point connection to the fixed speaker unit. In one embodiment, the third rigid connecting portion comprises a plurality of arms, each of the arms extending transversely to the direction of movement. The plurality of arms 10 comprises a first arm and a second arm, reciprocally connected to each other at their ends. The first arm It includes a sixth joint, a seventh joint and a fourth rigid portion connecting, placed between the sixth and seventh joints. The second arm includes an eighth knot and a ninth knot and a fifth 15 rigid connecting portion, placed between the eighth joint and the ninth joint. In one example, the second connection zone includes a pair of connection areas. The third joint includes a pair of joints, in which the pair of connection zones is interposed between the joints of the pair of joints. The third rigid connecting portion comprises a portion 20 central connected to the fixed loudspeaker crew at of the pair of connection zones and mobile with respect to the first arm and the second arm through deformation of the joint pair. In particular, in the driving phase, the first arm and the second arm deform in correspondence of the sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth joints and the portion 25 central deforms at the pair of joints, in response to the movement of the magnet along the direction of movement. In one example, the guiding device includes a support structure, configured to connect the magnet to the first rigid portion of connection and to the second rigid portion of connection, and in which, in the 30 driving phase, the support structure moves along the direction of movement in response to the displacement of the magnet along the direction of movement. This and other characteristics will be further highlighted by the following description of a preferred embodiment, illustrated purely exemplary and non-limiting title in the attached drawing tables, in which: 5 - Figures 1A-1D illustrate a flexible organ according to one or more characteristics of the present invention; - figure 2 illustrates a loudspeaker according to one or more characteristics of the present found; - Figures 3A-3G illustrate the loudspeaker of Figure 2 according to one or more 10 features of the present invention; - Figures 4A and 4B illustrate a ferromagnetic circuit and a coil according to one or more characteristics of the present invention; - figure 5 illustrates the speaker of figure 2 in an exploded view according to one or more characteristics of the present invention; 15 - Figure 6A and 6B illustrates a loudspeaker according to one or more characteristics of the present invention; - Figure 6C illustrates a speaker magnet according to one or more characteristics of the present invention; - Figures 7A-7D illustrate possible variants of a flexible organ according to a 20 or more features of this invention. In the figures, a speaker is indicated with 1. Speaker 1 comprises a voice coil 301C, configured to generate a magnetic field along a longitudinal axis X. In particular, the coil 301C is wrapped around the longitudinal axis X. Speaker 1 25 comprises a ferromagnetic circuit including a central core 301A. The central core 301A has a central portion 301Aa extending along the longitudinal axis X and around which the coil 301C is wound. The central core 301A has a lateral portion 301Ab. The portion lateral 301Ab of the central core 301A is arranged in such a way as to 30 surround the 301C coil from the opposite side to the central portion 301Aa. The ferromagnetic circuit includes an external core 301B, located laterally to the 301C coil so as to surround the 301C coil at least partially. In particular, the central portion 301Aa of the central core 301A is aligned with the longitudinal X-axis; the lateral portion 301Ab of the nucleus 5 central coil 301A surrounds coil 301C and is arranged, at least partially, around the longitudinal axis X. The outer core 301B can be separated with respect to the central core 301A along the longitudinal axis X, or along a transverse axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X. The outer core 301B is separated from the central core 301A so as to define 10 an air gap T; more specifically, the outer core 301B is separated from the lateral portion 301Ab of the central core 301A so as to define an air gap T. In one embodiment, illustrated by way of example only in figure 2, the outer core 301B is separated from the central core 301A along 15 a transverse direction, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X. In one embodiment, illustrated by way of example only in Figure 6A and 6B, the outer core 301B is separated from the central core 301A along a longitudinal direction defined by the longitudinal axis X. The central core 301A can be divided into a first half-shell and a 20 a second half-shell. The two half-shells are aligned with each other along the axis longitudinal X. In one example, illustrated for example in figures 6A and 6B, one of the first half-shell and the second half-shell defines the outer core 301B for the other between the first half-shell and the second half-shell (and vice versa). 25 So, one between the first half-shell and the second half-shell is separated on the other between the first half-shell and the second half-shell (and vice versa) like this to define an air gap T. In one embodiment, illustrated for example in Figures 6A and 6B, speaker 1 includes an additional voice coil 301C; therefore, the voice coil 30 301C is wrapped around the central core 301A of the first half-shell, while the additional coil 301C is wound around the central core 301C of the second semi-shell. The two semi-shells are separated from each other so as to define the air gap T. In one example, the two half-shells define, through cooperation of the lateral portion 301Ab of the central core 301A, a constituent notch 5 a zone of high magnetic permeability. The speaker 1 comprises a magnet 302 or a plurality of magnets 302. For example, as illustrated in Figures 6A and 6B, speaker 1 comprises a single magnet 302 placed within the air gap T, between the first half-shell and the second half-shell. The magnet 302 extends along a 10 plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The magnet 302 is interposed between the coil 301C and the further coil 301C along the longitudinal axis X. The magnet 302 is configured to move within the air gap T along a direction of movement M. In the example of figures 6A and 6B, the direction of movement M is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 15 X. For example, as illustrated in Figure 2, speaker 1 comprises a plurality of magnets 302. In particular, the magnets of the plurality 302 are placed within the air gap T defined the central core 301A and the external core 301B. In this case, the air gap T develops along a parallel direction 20 to the longitudinal axis X. The magnets 302 develop along a parallel plane to the longitudinal axis X. In this case, the direction of movement M of the magnets 302 is parallel to the longitudinal axis X. The coil 301C may comprise a plurality of rectilinear portions connected to each other by curved sections. The straight sections of the 301C coil 25 are mutually counterfeit and arranged symmetrically around to the longitudinal axis X so as to define a quadrilateral. The external core 301B comprises a plurality of external portions; preferably, the outer portions of the plurality of outer portions of the outer core 301B are separate from each other. When the speaker 1 comprises a plurality of 30 magnets 302 arranged one above the other to form a quadrilateral, within the air gap, between the straight portions of the 301C coil and the portions outer core 301B. In particular, in the embodiment where the direction of movement M is parallel to the longitudinal axis X, each magnet 302 develops along a plane parallel to the longitudinal axis X and presents 5 a first face opposed to the second face, in which the first face and the second face lies on the plane parallel to the longitudinal axis X; the first face has an opposite polarity to the second face. In this way, when the magnets 302, placed within the air gap T, are crossed by the alternating magnetic field generated by the 301C coil 10 along the longitudinal direction, each magnet 302 moves with motion alternating along the direction of movement M, parallel to the longitudinal direction. In particular, in the embodiment where the direction of movement M is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, the magnet 302 15 develops along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X and presents a first face opposite to the second face, in which the first face and the second face lie on the plane parallel to the axis longitudinal X; each of the first face and the second face has a first section 302A and a second section 302A so that the first 20 section 302A of the first face is located in correspondence with the second section 302A of the second face and that the second section 302B of the first face is located in correspondence with the first section 302A of the second face; the first section 302A and the second section 302B of each face have opposite polarities to each other. The magnet 302 25 can also be seen as a pair of magnets 302, each featuring a first section 302A (defining a first face) and a second section 302B (defining a second face), in which the first Section 302A has an opposite polarity to the second section 302B. two magnets 302 of the pair are mutually aligned along the 30 direction of movement M so that the first section 302A of the first magnet 302 is aligned with the second section 302B of the second magnet 302 and that the second section 302B of the first magnet 302 is aligned with the first section 302A of the second magnet 302 along the direction of movement. Therefore, the polarization of the first magnet 302 of the pair is orthogonal to the direction of movement and 5 directed in the opposite direction to the polarization of the second magnet 302 of the pair. In this way, when the magnet 302 (or the pair of magnets 302), placed within the air gap T, it is crossed by the magnetic field alternating generated by coil 301C and the additional coil 301C along the 10 longitudinal direction, the magnet 302 moves with reciprocating motion along the direction of movement M, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The loudspeaker 1 comprises a radiator, operationally coupled to the magnet 302 or the plurality of magnets 302 so as to move along the direction of movement M and generate pressure waves. 15 The speaker 1 comprises a drive system, comprising a plurality of flexible organs 60. Each flexible organ 60 includes a first zone of upper connection 60a', a second lower connection zone 60a'' and a second connection area 60b. Each flexible organ 60 comprises a plurality of joints and a plurality of rigid portions of 20 connection. In one embodiment, each flexible member 60 includes a first joint 601, a second joint 602, a third joint 603, a fourth joint 604 and a fifth joint 605 and a first rigid connection portion 611, a second rigid connection portion 612 and a third rigid connection portion 25 connection 613. The first rigid connection portion 611 extends transversely to the direction of movement M, between the first joint 601 and the fourth joint 604, the second rigid connection portion 612 extends transversely in the direction of movement M, between the fifth junction 605 and the second 30 joint 602. The third rigid connection portion 613 is interposed between the first rigid connection portion 611 and the second rigid connection portion of connection 612; in particular, the third rigid connection portion 613 is connected to the first rigid connection portion 611 in the fourth joint 604 and is connected to the second rigid connection portion 612 in the fifth junction 605. The first junction 601 is located near the area 5 upper connection 60a' and the second joint 602 is placed in proximity of the lower connection area 60a''. The third joint 603 is located near the second connection zone 60b. The flexible member 60 is connected to the magnet 302 at the upper connection area 60a' and lower connection area 10 60a''; therefore, the first rigid connection zone 611 is connected to the magnet 302 via the upper connection area 60a' and the second rigid connection zone 612 is connected to magnet 302 via the zone of lower connection 60a''. The third rigid connection zone 613 is connected to the outer core 301B of the ferromagnetic circuit in the second 15 connection point 60b. In particular, each magnet 302 extends between a first end and a second end along an axis perpendicular to the direction of movement M. Therefore, each flexible organ 60 is connected to the magnet 302 at the first end and the second end 20 ends of the 302 magnet. In one embodiment, illustrated by way of example only in the figure 1C, the third rigid connecting portion 613 comprises a first arm 613', a second arm 613'' and a central portion 613''', each extending transversely to the direction of movement M and arranged 25 parallel to each other, in which the central portion 613''' is interposed between the first arm 613' and the second arm 613''. The first arm 613' includes a sixth joint 606, a seventh joint 607 and a fourth rigid connection portion 614 interposed between the sixth joint 606 and the seventh joint 607. The second arm 613'' includes an eighth joint 30 608, a ninth joint 609 and a fifth rigid connection portion 615, interposed between the eighth joint 608 and the ninth joint 609. The third joint 603 includes a pair of joints 603' and 603'' and the second area of connection 60b includes a pair of connection zones 60b' and 60b'', where the pair of connection zones 60b' and 60b'' is interposed between the cup of joints 603' and 603''. The central portion 613''' is connected to the first 5 arm 613' and the second arm 613'' corresponding to the pair of joints 603' and 603'' and is connected to the external core 301B at of the pair of connection zones 60b' and 60b''. In one example, the second connection area 60b includes a further connection area 60b'''. The third rigid connection portion includes a slot 10 or a plurality of cracks. The cracks are interposed between the first arm 613' and the central portion 613''' and between the second arm 613'' and the central portion 613'''. The flexible member 60 is configured to deform at the plurality of joints, around a corresponding plurality of axes of 15 deformation D. The deformation axes D of the joints are represented for example in Figure 7. Furthermore, Figure 7 shows possible forms realization of a flexible organ 60 which are substantially distinguished in the ratio between the depth P and the width L. In one embodiment, illustrated by way of example only in the figure 20 2, each flexible member 60 is connected to a magnet 302 of the plurality of magnets. In one embodiment, illustrated merely by way of example in figures 6A and 6B, each flexible member 60 is connected to the magnet 302. In general, the flexible members 60 are connected to the magnets 302 or to the magnet 602 through a support structure 61 configured to move 25 along the direction of movement M. The support structure 61 is connected to the flexible organ 60 at the area of upper connection 60a' and lower connection area 60a''. In one embodiment, illustrated by way of example only in the figures 6A and 6B, the support structure 62 comprises a first support body 30 621 and a second support body 622. The first support body 611 and the second support body 622 are U-shaped, i.e. they comprise each a pair of lateral elements and a transverse element, interposed between the pair of lateral elements so as to define a shape U. The lateral elements extend along planes parallel to each other and the element transverse extends along a plane transversal to the planes of extension of the 5 lateral elements. The lateral elements are connected to the flexible organs 60. The cross members of the first support body 621 and of the second body 622 support cooperate with each other so as to define an accommodation, configured to accommodate the magnet 302. In this way, the support structure 61 is moves in conjunction with magnet 302 and transmits the movement to the organs 10 flexible 60, which deform at the plurality of joints. In one embodiment, illustrated by way of example only in the figure 2, the support structure 61 comprises a plurality of corner elements 630. Each support element 630 is configured to connect to each other the magnets 302 in pairs and for connecting the magnets 302 to the flexible members 15 60. In particular, each corner element 630 is configured to connect two adjacent flexible organs 60, in correspondence with the areas of upper connection 60a' and lower 60a''. In this way, the plurality of magnets 302 forms a quadrilateral and the plurality of flexible organs 60 forms a quadrilateral, surrounding the magnets 302. Between the magnets 302 and the organs 20 flexible 60 are interposed the external portions of the external core 301B, to which flexible organs 60 are connected via the second connection point connection 60b. When the magnets 302 move along the direction of M movement in response to the magnetic field generated by the coil 301C, the corner elements 630 move together with the magnets 302 and the 25 flexible organs 60 deform at the plurality of joints. Figures 1B and 1D show a simplification, respectively, of the flexible organs 60 of figures 1A and 1C. In particular, it is observed that the organ flexible 60 of figures 1A and 1C can be approximated to the organ flexible 60, respectively, of figures 1B and 1D, in which the joints 30 deformable are replaced by pins, around which the flexible organ 60 rotates by mutual movement of the rigid portions of connection. In one embodiment, the speaker 1 comprises a plurality of actuating organs 401 configured to connect the magnets 302 to the radiator, so that a movement of the magnets 302 corresponds to a 5 movement of the radiator along the same direction and in opposite directions. In particular, the support structure 61 (in particular, the corner elements 630) connects each actuating member 401 to the respective magnet 302. Each actuation member 401 may comprise a blade 402 drowned in the implementing body 401 and configured to increase its 10 stiffness. The 402 plate may be a molded plate. For a more detailed description of the 401 implementing bodies, please refer to to patent document 102021000032906 in the name of the same Applicant, incorporated herein by reference. The loudspeaker 1 comprises a first half-shell 7a and a second half- 15 shell 7b; between the first half-shell 7a and the second half-shell 7b are enclosed coil 301C (and additional coil 301C, if present), the circuit ferromagnetic, the magnet 302 (or the plurality of magnets 302). THE AGENCY 20 Eng. Marco CONTI (Registered no. 1280 BM)

Claims

claims 1. Loudspeaker (1), comprising: - a coil (301C), configured to generate a magnetic field along a longitudinal axis (X); - a ferromagnetic circuit, including a central core (301A), around which the coil (301C) is wound, and an outer core (301B) located laterally to the coil (301C) and at least partially surrounding the coil (301C), the outer core being separated from the central core so as to define an air gap (T), wherein the coil (301C) and the ferromagnetic circuit constitute a fixed assembly; - a magnet (302), located in the air gap (T) and movable within the air gap (T) along a direction of movement (M), in response to the magnetic field generated by the coil (301C), the air gap (T) being extended along the direction of movement (M);- a radiator, operationally coupled to the magnet (302), so that a movement of the magnet (302) along the respective direction of movement (M) corresponds to an oscillation of the radiator, thus generating pressure waves, in which the magnet (302) and the radiator constitute a moving unit;- a guidance system, configured to constrain the movement of the magnet (302) along the direction of movement (M), characterised in that the guidance system includes a flexible member (60) constituting a yielding mechanism, connected to the mobile unit in a first connection area (60a) and to the fixed unit in a second connection area (60b), the flexible member (60) presenting a plurality of deformable joints and a plurality of rigid connection portions, the deformable joints being interposed between the rigid connection portions, so as to guide the magnet (302) along the direction of movement through elastic deformation of the flexible member (60). F1.P0082.12.IT.30 MC / ML / lg Ing. Marco CONTI (Registered no. 1280 BM); 2. Loudspeaker (1) according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of magnets, wherein: - the plurality of magnets comprises the magnet (302); - each magnet (302) of the plurality of magnets is movable along a respective direction of movement (M) and is connected to the radiator so as to define, together with the radiator, the movable equipment of the loudspeaker (1); - for each magnet (302) of the plurality of magnets, the guiding system comprises a flexible member (60), connected to the respective magnet (302) at the first connection area (60a) and to the fixed equipment at the second connection area (60c) and configured to guide the movement of the magnet (302) of the plurality of magnets along the respective direction of movement (M).

3. Loudspeaker (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flexible member (60) is made of acetal resin.

4. Loudspeaker (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the plurality of joints is configured to achieve a kinematic mechanism that approximates a linear Watt guide.

5. Loudspeaker (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein: - the first connection area (60a) includes an upper connection area (60a') and a lower connection area (60a''); - the plurality of joints includes a first joint (601), a second joint (602), a third joint (603), a fourth joint (604) and a fifth joint (605); - the plurality of rigid connection portions includes a first rigid connection portion (611), a second rigid connection portion (612) and a third rigid connection portion (613), - the first joint (601) is located in proximity to the connection area F1.P0082.12.IT.30 MC / ML / lg Ing. Marco CONTI (Registered No.1280 BM) upper (60a'), the second joint (602) is placed near the lower connection area (60a'') and the third joint (603) is placed near the second connection area (60b); - the first rigid connection portion (611) extends transversely to the direction of movement (M) between the first joint (601) and the fourth joint (604), the second rigid connection portion (612) extends transversely to the direction of movement (M) between the second joint (602) and the fifth joint (605); - the third rigid connection portion (613) is connected to the first rigid connection portion (611) at the fourth joint (604), to the second rigid connection portion (612) at the fifth joint (605), the third rigid connection portion (613) being connected via the second connection point (60b) to the fixed assembly of the loudspeaker (1).

6. Loudspeaker (1) according to claim 5, wherein the flexible member (60) has a width (L) defined at the upper connection area (60a') and the lower connection area (60a'') perpendicular to the direction of movement (M), and a depth (P), defined perpendicular to the direction of movement (M) and to the width (L), and wherein a ratio between the width (L) and the depth (P) is greater than 2.

7. Loudspeaker (1) according to claim 6, wherein the ratio between the width (L) and the depth (D) is less than 12.

8. Loudspeaker (1) according to any of claims 5 to 7, wherein the third rigid connection portion (613) comprises a plurality of arms, each of the arms extending transversely to the direction of movement (M) so as to allow a deformation of the third rigid connection area (613) along the direction of movement (M) F1.P0082.12.IT.30 MC / ML / lg Ing. Marco CONTI (Registration no. 1280 BM) in response to the movement (M) of the magnet (302) along the direction of movement (M).

9. Loudspeaker (1) according to claim 8, wherein the plurality of arms comprises a first arm (613') and a second arm (613''), mutually connected to each other at their ends, wherein: - the first arm (613') comprises a sixth joint (606), a seventh joint (607) and a fourth rigid connection portion (614), interposed between the sixth joint and the seventh joint; - the second arm (613'') comprises an eighth node (608) and a ninth node (609) and a fifth rigid connection portion (615), interposed between the eighth joint (608) and the ninth joint (609), the first arm (613') and the second arm (613'') being configured to deform at the sixth (606), seventh (607), eighth (608) and ninth joint (609) in response to the movement of the magnet (302) along the direction of movement (M).

10. Loudspeaker (1) according to claim 9, wherein: - the second connection area (60b) comprises a pair of connection areas (60b', 60b''); - the third joint (603) comprises a pair of joints (603', 603''), wherein the pair of connection areas (60b', 60b'') is interposed between the joints of the pair of joints (603', 603''); - the third rigid connection portion (613) comprises a central portion (613''') connected to the fixed assembly of the loudspeaker (1) in correspondence with the pair of connection areas (60b', 60b'') and movable with respect to the first arm (613') and the second arm (613'') through deformation of the pair of joints (603', 603'').

11. Loudspeaker (1) according to any of claims 5 to F1.P0082.12.IT.30 MC / ML / lg Ing. Marco CONTI (Registered Register No. 1280 BM) 10, wherein the guiding device includes a support structure, configured to connect the magnet (302) to the first rigid connection portion (611) and to the second rigid connection portion (612), the support structure being movable along the direction of movement (M) in response to the movement of the magnet (302) along the direction of movement (M).

12. Loudspeaker (1) according to claim 11, comprising an actuation member (401) configured to connect the magnet (302) to the radiator, so that, a movement of the magnet (302) along the direction of movement, corresponds to a movement of the radiator in the opposite direction, the actuation member (401) being connected to the magnet (302) via the support structure.

13. Linear actuator, comprising - a coil (301C), configured to generate a magnetic field along a longitudinal axis (X); - a ferromagnetic circuit, including a central core (301A), around which the coil (301C) is wound, and an outer core (301B) located laterally to the coil (301C) and at least partially surrounding the coil (301C), the outer core (301B) being separated from the central core so as to define an air gap (T), wherein the coil (301C) and the ferromagnetic circuit constitute a fixed assembly; - a magnet (302), located in the air gap (T) and movable within the air gap (T) along a direction of movement (M), in response to the magnetic field generated by the coil (301C), the air gap (T) being extended along the direction of movement (M), the magnet (302) constituting a movable assembly; - a guidance system, configured to constrain the movement of the magnet F1.P0082.12.IT.30 MC / ML / lg Eng. Marco CONTI (Register no.1280 BM) (302) along the direction of movement (M), characterised in that the guiding system includes a flexible member (60) constituting a yielding mechanism, connected to the mobile unit in a first connection area (60a) and to the fixed unit in a second connection area (60b), the flexible member (60) presenting a plurality of deformable joints and a plurality of rigid connection portions, the deformable joints being interposed between the rigid connection portions, so as to guide the magnet (302) along the direction of movement through elastic deformation of the flexible member (603).

14. A method of broadcasting sound, comprising the following steps: - providing a coil (301C) and a ferromagnetic circuit including a central core (301A), around which the coil (301C) is wound, 15 and an outer core (301B) located laterally to the coil (301C) and at least partially surrounding the coil (301C), the outer core (301B) being separated from the core so as to define an air gap (T), wherein the coil (301C) and the ferromagnetic circuit constitute a fixed assembly; - providing a magnet (302), located in the air gap (T), and a radiator operatively coupled to the magnet (302), wherein the magnet (302) and the radiator constitute a movable assembly; - generating a magnetic field along a longitudinal axis (X) from 25 part of the coil (301C); - movement of the magnet (302) within the air gap (T) along a direction of movement (M), in response to the generated magnetic field;- oscillation of the radiator along the direction of movement (M) in response to the movement of the magnet (302), so as to generate pressure waves - guidance, by a guidance system, of the movement of the magnet F1.P0082.12.IT.30 MC / ML / lg Ing. Marco CONTI (Registered no. 1280 BM) (302) along the direction of movement (M), characterised in that the guidance system includes a flexible member (60) constituting a yielding mechanism, connected to the mobile equipment in a first connection area (60a) and to the fixed equipment in a second connection area (60b), the flexible member (60) presenting a plurality of deformable joints and a plurality of rigid connection portions, the deformable joints being interposed between the rigid connection portions, in which the phase of guidance of the magnet (302) along the direction of movement (M) occurs by the flexible organ (60), through elastic deformation of the flexible organ (60).;15. A method according to claim 14, wherein the step of arranging the magnet (302) includes arranging a plurality of magnets and wherein: - the plurality of magnets comprises the magnet (302); - each magnet (302) of the plurality of magnets is movable along a respective direction of movement (M) and is connected to the radiator to define, together with the radiator, the movable assembly of the loudspeaker (1);- for each magnet (302) of the plurality of magnets, the guiding system comprises a flexible member (60) connected to the respective magnet (302) at the first connection area (60a) and to the fixed equipment at the second connection area (60c), the method comprising a movement step of each magnet (302) along the respective movement direction, the guiding step including a guidance of the movement of the respective magnet (302) along the movement direction (M), by the respective flexible member (603).; 16. Method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein: - the first connection zone (60a) includes an upper connection zone (60a') and a lower connection zone (60a''); F1.P0082.12.IT.30 MC / ML / lg Ing. Marco CONTI (Registered no. 1280 BM) - the plurality of joints comprises a first joint (601), a second joint (602), a third joint (603), a fourth joint (604) and a fifth joint (605); - the plurality of rigid connection portions comprises a first rigid connection portion (611), a second rigid connection portion (612) and a third rigid connection portion (612), - the first joint (601) is located near the upper connection area (60a'), the second joint (602) is located near the lower connection area (60a'') and the third joint (603) is located near the second connection area (60b);- the first rigid connection portion (611) extends transversely to the direction of movement (M) between the first joint (601) and the fourth joint (604), the second rigid connection portion (612) extends transversely to the direction of movement (M) between the second joint (602) and the fifth joint (605); - the third rigid connection portion (613) is connected to the first rigid connection portion (611) at the fourth joint (604), to the second rigid connection portion (612) at the fifth joint (605), the third rigid connection portion (613) being connected via the second connection point (60b) to the fixed assembly of the loudspeaker (1).; 17. Method according to claim 16, wherein: - the third rigid connection portion (613) comprises a plurality of arms, each of the arms extending transversely to the direction of movement (M), the plurality of arms comprising a first arm (613') and a second arm (613''), mutually connected to each other at their ends; - the first arm (613') comprises a sixth joint (606), a seventh joint (607) and a fourth rigid connection portion (614), interposed between the sixth joint and the seventh joint; - the second arm (613'') includes an eighth node (608) and a ninth node F1.P0082.12.IT.30 MC / ML / lg Ing. Marco CONTI (Registered no. 1280 BM) (609) and a fifth rigid connection portion (615), placed between the eighth joint (608) and the ninth joint (609), - the second connection zone (60b) includes a pair of connection zones (60b', 60b'');- the third joint (603) comprises a pair of joints (603', 603''), in which the pair of connection zones (60b', 60b'') is interposed between the joints of the pair of joints (603', 603''); - the third rigid connection portion (613) comprises a central portion (613''') connected to the fixed assembly of the loudspeaker (1) at the pair of connection areas (60b', 60b'') and movable with respect to the first arm (613') and the second arm (613'') by deformation of the pair of joints (603', 603''), where, in the driving phase, the first arm (613') and the second arm (613'') deform at the sixth (606), seventh (607), eighth (608) and ninth joint (609) and the central portion (613''') deforms at the pair of joints (603', 603''), in response to the movement of the magnet (302) along the movement direction (M).; 18. A method according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the guiding device includes a support structure, configured to connect the magnet (302) to the first rigid connection portion (611) and the second rigid connection portion (612), and wherein, in the guiding step, the support structure moves along the direction of motion (M) in response to the displacement of the magnet (302) along the direction of motion (M).