DEVICE FOR REGULATING THE CHARGE OF A BATTERY OF ACCUMULATORS

Description

TITLE AC REGULATION DEVICE RECHARGE OF A BATTERY INV. DES. PIERRE GODARD AND MICHEL BILLOT PRIORITY FRANCE SUNDAY VN78?875? OF 9 OCTOBER 1978 the ''t Rome, there Reg. A - Prot. N.........&S.9..ÌÌ& A / ϊ 3 PROVINCIAL OFFICE OF INDUSTRY, COMMERCE AND CRAFTS OF TURIN Minutes of filing of patent application for industrial invention The year || day BOVil of the month of OTTaBiì t all® hours and ηι,ηυίΙ Mr*** --JW - SOCI®! DSA ICOtMhlTmJ .W JT TMOTION the Company 1><5 Avenue de iota, 9P10 Rosi humble {panetti) a»«Ìon»llH frwwew represented « by JACOBACCI CASETTA & PERANI Snc, with elective domicile in TURIN in via Alfieri n. 17 at JACOBACCI CASETTA & PERANI Snc · has presented, to me, the undersigned, an application on stamp duty for the granting of a patent for a principal industrial invention »optetive*«* for the Invention having as its title: Irte posti ivo di rosolieIone dell» ολγΙολ di wu bitter!» di «winulitori*· Inventor 'deslunat 11 n«« * »<**» “»·« priority: the right of priority deriving from: has been claimed a) previous patent application No. 76 ?6 TJ? filed in AyrnU The ) October T ?73 b) exposure el c) publication on Various Notes: performed II *H»a» »„» performed II Attached documentation: a) description, in duplicate, of η. ϋ pages of writing; b) drawings, in duplicate, of 3 tables; c) letter of appointment, d) thread priority document; make W^WlBte ion: f) ^HiwibTìb*edrfgwtrifiwffr*^a9*mwrd^BRzibtmT**'*rteriw«nw* g) payment certificate (on postal account no. 00668004, made out to the Tax and Concession Registry Office of Rome) of 71*D00 lire issued by the Turin Post Office W +13»oc on date »*>*W '......n. 160 1&.SV79 673 h) revenue stamp of L. 2,000 The application, description and drawings listed above have been signed by the interested party, countersigned by me and stamped with the office stamp. A copy of this report has been signed by me and delivered to the interested party. / »» ρ. II Depositor nrMurn . r akpttà at PF.RANI Sn ìs. THE ROGANT OFFICIAL fi · c. (TO G89G4A / 79 MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY, TRADE AND CRAFTS CENTRAL PATENT OFFICE - ROME SAFT - SOCIETE DES AOCUMULATEURS FIXES ET DE TRACTION 156 Avenue de Metz, 93230 Romainville (Pranoia) French nationality through the agent JACOBACCI - CASETTA & PIERANI snc and with domicile for legal purposes in Turin, Via Alfieri, 17 at the agent's office, requests the granting of a patent for the invention with the title "po 11443 - FS / CBa PRINCIPAL Device for regulating the charge of a battery of chargers Designated Inventors» Pierre GODARD and Michel BILLOT Priority — The right arising from: previous application No. 78 28 752 of 9 October 1978 filed in France. DOCUMENTATION AT THE GAIA Description in duplicate (pages 4$ 4! writing) Drawings in duplicate (number 3 plates) Letter of appointment Priority Document eon tradeztofwitaHana (continued) Inventor Designation Proof of payment (on current account N.00668004) Made out to the Registry and Concessions Office of Rome of L 71,000 -FB.OtìO issued by the Post Office of Turin on 8.10.1979 N, 48° N. 1 revenue stamp worth L. 2000 Turin, 9 October 1979 by SAFT - SOCIETE DES ACOUMtf TRACTION.......................................................... -ATEURS ITXES ET DE DESCRIPTION of the industrial invention entitled: Device for regulating the charge of a storage battery / · . F° 11443 / : . by: SAFT - SOCIETE DES ACCUMÙLATEURS F'IXES ET DE TRACTION, French nationality, 156 avenue de Met^, Θ3230 Romainville (France). Designated Inventors: GODARD Pierre'e BILL-OT Michel THE Deposited: 9 October 1979 B 8 9 G 4 Λ / 7 9 Aifcifc ìkfcifc 'ΐ I A SUMMARY The invention relates to a device for regulating the charge of a randomly charged accumulator battery and powering a user (5), associated with means for storing (6) the excess energy, characterised by the fact that the value of the derived current is regulated by a regulator (7) which receives information relating to the state of charge of the battery. The invention is applicable to the supply of electrical energy to groups of dwellings by means of photocells and an electrical distribution network. *** LB* M* The present invention relates to a device for regulating the charge of a battery powered by a source that supplies energy in a non-controllable manner, such as a photocell battery. In such a device, M IAAL i.3 re- CJ CP ui CP C3 r'f GS GQ / r device photocell battery provides energy as long as it is illuminated, whether the battery is charged or discharged. Battery charge regulation is generally achieved by a regulator connected in parallel that decreases or interrupts the current supplied to the battery when it has reached the desired charge level. The regulator also often includes means for dissipating excess energy after the battery has been fully charged. This excess energy is wasted. It is advantageous Storing this energy either in potential form by pumping water, or in thermal form by heating a material with a high heat capacity, or in electrical form fed into a network» Conventional battery-powered regulation is no longer suitable for solving this problem. One aim of the present invention is to provide battery charge regulation that allows for the storage of excess energy. The invention therefore has as its object a device for regulating the charge of a battery of accumulators powered by a source which supplies that energy in a random manner, and powering a user, in which, when the battery reaches a given level of charge, the energy c:' f-3 Ot to co co CO s with 2. excess with reference to the user is derived in the form of current to a storage device other than the aforementioned accumulator battery, characterised in that the distribution of available current to said accumulator battery and to said storage device other than the battery is determined by a parameter representative of the state of charge of the battery. In a preferred embodiment, the regulation parameter is the battery voltage value. A second parameter used is the amount of energy contained in the battery, measured by a meter. In a particular embodiment, where the storage device is an electrical network, the regulation parameter is the value of the voltage at the battery terminals, which acts on a speed regulation device of a direct current motor powered by said battery and driving an asynchronous machine that can power said network. The invention will now be described in detail below, with reference to the attached drawing in which: - Figure 1 is a synoptic diagram of the battery charge regulation device according to the invention - Figure 2, including Figures 2A and 2B, is a HOUSE &. FERAÌU 3. diagram of a device according to the invention, In a particular application. Figure 1 illustrates a synoptic diagram of a regulating device according to the invention. The reference number 1 indicates a random source of energy, such as a battery of photocells illuminated by the sun, which serves to charge, through a diode, 2 an accumulator battery 3. Part of the energy of the photocell battery can be consumed in a user 5 (lighting, heating, etc.) for which the system is intended. The excess energy that is neither consumed by the user 5 nor stored in the accumulator battery assumed to be fully charged is used by a storage device 6. Adjusting the operation of the device Storage is achieved by means of a regulator 7 which t receives information directly related to the battery's state of charge, for example the voltage at the battery terminals. An additional regulation of the energy supplied by the photocell battery can be added, by means of an ampere-hour meter Θ connected to a shunt 4 in series with the photocell battery, and which modifies the voltage output of the regulator when the battery is fully charged ex *15' to f Ci 1 o €2 «et 4. ca and which interrupts, by means of the switch 9, the usage circuit, when the useful capacity of the battery is exhausted. An example of application of the invention is described below, with reference to figures 2A and 2B. For an immediate reading of the diagram, it will be necessary to bring figures ZA and 26 closer together and make the letters S, 11, V, W, coincide. X, Y, Z. This example relates to a device for regulating the charge of a battery powered by photocells, with the following features: the normal use of the energy supplied by the photocell battery and intended for the domestic power supply of a group of dwellings; such energy supply to dwellings is supplemented as far as needs are concerned by the general electricity distribution network. . · The storage of any excess energy supplied by the photocells is achieved by transforming this energy into alternating current at the frequency and voltage of the said network and by feeding this current into the network. Figures 2A and 2B represent the diagram of the device used to implement the invention in the aforementioned application. In the figures, rectangle 1 indicates a battery of photocells which power, through a diode 2, a battery 5. battery 3. Typically the user consists of a group of dwellings 5a, 5b, 5c, etc. Complementary energy is supplied by a general electrical network symbolized by rectangle 10. To be used by homes, the energy supplied by the battery is converted into alternating current by means of a group comprising: - a DC motor 11 having an excitation winding 12 in parallel, - an asynchronous machine having a stator 21 and a rotor 22, keyed onto the same shaft as the motor. When battery 3 is charged, and the photocells are providing energy, the unit acts as a generator and powers the homes. Any excess power is fed into the grid. In this case, the normal safety relay comprising a coil 30, and contacts 30a to 30d, is closed. For this operation of the asynchronous machine as a generator, it is necessary to short-circuit the rings 22a to 22c of the rotor 22. This is achieved by closing the contact 30d which supplies a relay 32 whose contacts 32a to 32c close. THE At night, during hours of low activity, if the battery has been discharged to a significant fraction of its capacity, for example following a day without sun, f^· Cu K co «3 C3 O ί-ic:> ta ν ; the battery is recharged from the mains via a charger 34. The control of the hours of low activity is achieved by means of a clock 35 which controls a contact 35a. The battery status is detected by a meter 80 having contacts 80a and BOb. When the battery is discharged below a certain threshold, following a day without sun, contact 80a closes; when the low-tariff hour arrives, the clock closes contact 35a. A relay 36 is then powered and closes contacts 36a and 36b, which connect the mains and the charger 34. The counter used, which is in reality a forward-backward type counter, may advantageously be of the type described in French patent No. 7624473 of 11 August 1976, in the name of the Applicant, published under number 2361754. The group is adjusted as follows: - a U information of the voltage at the terminals of the ..... . ! battery is obtained at the output of an operational amplifier 41 connected at the input on one side to a reference voltage U , modifiable by the counter 80, and on the other side REF ; , part to the positive pole of the battery through a potentiometer 42; - a piece of information I relating to the difference between D the total energy supplied by the group and that supplied to the user 5 is available at the output of an operational amplifier 51; for this purpose, an input of the amplifier £5 ChH ci μ . UJ » tq C 3 t J c? M o •eC 7. operational amplifier is connected, via a rectifier 52, to the secondary of an intensity transformer 53 whose primary is inserted on the output cable of the stator 21; a second input of the operational amplifier is connected via a rectifier 54 to the secondary of an intensity transformer 55 in which the primary is inserted under the power cable of the user. When the unit is released, obtained by the action of a relay 39 with contacts 39a to 39c, the information I supplied by the amplifier 51 modifies the unit speed reference given by a tachogenerator 61 keyed to the unit shaft. This speed reference is applied to an operational amplifier 60. The information at the output of the amplifier 60 is sent to a control circuit 62 for triggering the thyristors of a hi-wire bridge 63 which powers an additional subtractive winding 12a of the motor inductor 11. Therefore, the motor speed is adjusted so as to obtain equal output from the unit and the user until the limit of the driving current is reached. This power supply is controlled by information on the intensity of the current in the motor armature, provided by an operational amplifier 64 powered by means of a shunt 65. When the battery is charged and its voltage exceeds cC CO fi rq· o •st 8· the output value, the U signal is corrected B the supply of the tachometric generator; the group is accelerated and the current supplied in excess of that supplied to the user is sent to the grid, maintaining the battery voltage at a constant value. If the mains fails, relay 30 drops out and causes contacts 30b and 30d to open, thus causing relay 32 to drop out and contacts 32a to 32c to open, no longer short-circuiting the rotor rings 22 of the synchronous machine. na. The coil of relay 31 is energized and the mains contactor 31a opens. Relay 70 closes the rotor excitation contacts 70a and 70b by means of the t'J ex excitation generator 71, after a timing (of seconds, for example, produced by the Timed Contact re 30c). The asynchronous machine then functions as an alternator; the regulation of the alternating voltage is ensured by that of the current in the inductor 72 of the generator 71, thanks to an operational amplifier 73 which receives at its input on one side a reference voltage U * and on the other side REF a voltage proportional to the stator voltage through a three-phase rectifier 74 and a resistive voltage divider 75, and biasing the base of a transistor 76 in series in the circuit of the inductor 72. When the mains voltage returns, the normal safety relay 30 re-engages, causing the short circuit 9. ir, c3 C7-> rotor ring delay, (30d contactor timing to ensure generator de-excitation). The opening of contact 30c causes the relay to trip, which removes the connection between the excitation and the rotor of the asynchronous machine (70a, 70b) and opens contact 70c. The ampere-hour counter 80, which receives the intensity information from the shunt 81 in series with the battery allows: - automatic charging of the battery when its charge drops below a given threshold (30% of the nominal charge, for example) as described above, - stopping and recharging the battery when its discharge exceeds a pre-established minimum limit (for example, when the battery no longer has more than 20% of its nominal capacity). This stop is caused by the BOb contact which causes relay 39 to release. When the battery has been recharged to a sufficient extent of its capacity (for example 50%), contact 80b of the meter allows the group to be disconnected by means of relay 39, a resistance 95 being inserted in the armature circuit. A timed contact 39b allows, when the speed of the group is sufficient, the short circuit of the resiA to cu tu co «3 10* power supply via contact 90a of relay 90. The timed contact 39b also allows the ! closing of relay 94 {contact 94a) which connects the asynchronous machine circuit to the user. Manual shutdown and disconnection of the group can be triggered by means of a contact 91, THE Using an asynchronous machine has numerous advantages; a) there is no network coupling problem; b) there is no risk of supplying power to a network that has been voluntarily taken out of service (for example for work). The energy supplied by the network to the user can be measured by means of a 2-tariff meter 85, for hours of significant activity, and for hours of low activity, controlled by the clock 35. . The energy supplied by the generator to the grid is measured by meter 86. The total energy supplied by the generator is measured by meter 87 and this information can be used for control and statistical purposes. If the motor is carrying excessive current, relay 92 opens contact 92a; if the asynchronous machine is overloaded, relay 93 opens contact 93a. The invention is not limited to the embodiment described. In particular, the unit can be replaced by a CASETTA à FOT li. supported by a corrugated iron that offers the same guarantees of operation. Multiple groups can be powered by the same battery or multiple batteries. In the event of a power failure, a single group operates synchronously and then guides the other groups.

Claims

1. CLAIMS * 1. Device for regulating the charge of a battery of accumulators (3) powered by a source (1) which supplies energy randomly and which supplies a user (5), in which, when the battery reaches a given level of charge, the energy exceeding that required by the user is diverted in the form of current towards a storage device (6, 40Ϊ) other than said battery of accumulators, characterised in that the distribution of current available towards said battery of accumulators and towards said storage device other than the battery is determined by a parameter representative of the state of charge of the battery. E.g. CQ 2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the regulation parameter is the value of the voltage of the battery.

3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that 12.This is due to the fact that a second parameter is used, which is the amount of energy contained in the battery measured by a counter (8, BO).

4. Device according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the storage consists in feeding alternating current into an electrical distribution network (10).

5. Device according to claim 4, characterised in that the current injection is achieved by means of at least one asynchronous motor-generator group (21), the speed of the motor being increased by information on the battery voltage.

6. Device according to claim 5, characterised in that, as long as the battery (3) is not fully charged, the speed regulation of the group (21) is subject to the equality of the current in the group and the current in the user (5).

7. Device according to any of claims 4 to 6, characterised in that synchronisation means of the machine (21) allow it to function as an alternator in the event of a power failure to allow the user to be supplied.

8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that in the case where there are several groups, only one can function as an alternator. ul Cu l· co c5 cv CJ r?i θ 13. 68364A / 79 G80G4 A / 79