Selectable clutch

Abstract

To provide a selectable clutch with a simple structure, switchable operating modes, high responsiveness, ability to secure the desired torque capacity, and the ability to integrate the drive source for operation, resulting in a compact device that includes the entire operating mechanism. [Solution] A selectable clutch 200 comprising a clutch mechanism and an operating mechanism, capable of switching between transmitting and interrupting the relative rotation of a first rotating element and a second rotating element, wherein the operating mechanism comprises a main body 280, an annular connecting plate 224 provided to the first rotating element so as to be immovable in the axial direction, and a drive unit provided on the main body 280 for driving the connecting plate 224 in the axial direction, and the main body 280 is configured to support a shaft member connected to the first rotating element or the second rotating element via a bearing 281.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a selectable clutch that includes a clutch mechanism for transmitting and blocking the rotation of a first shaft and a second shaft that are rotatably provided relative to each other on the same axis, and an operation mechanism for switching the operation of the clutch mechanism, and is capable of switching the transmission and blocking of the relative rotation between the first shaft and the second shaft.

Background Art

[0002] As a clutch for controlling the transmission and blocking of rotation between two shafts, a two-way clutch that can switch between driving and idling in both the forward and reverse directions is known. Although those composed of a ratchet clutch or a dog clutch are well-known, they can transmit rotation only at a predetermined rotation angle and rigidly engage to transmit rotation, so backlash is likely to occur and noise is also large. Some types of two-way clutches are configured to switch between a locked state that prohibits (transmits rotational force) the relative rotational movement of the inner and outer rings and a free state that allows (blocks rotational force) the relative rotational movement of the inner and outer rings by tilting a cam or a sprag, and are capable of transmitting rotation at an arbitrary rotation angle (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

[0003] Further, Patent Document 3 describes a two-way clutch provided with a switching mechanism that can switch between three operation modes of a two-way free mode, a one-way lock mode, and a two-way lock mode by controlling a retainer that holds a roller as a power transmission member at a neutral position or one of the engagement positions of a cam surface formed on the inner circumference of an outer ring, and is capable of transmitting rotation at an arbitrary rotation angle.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

[0005] In the two-way clutch known from Patent Document 1, when the input rotating body rotates relative to the output rotating body, the sprag tilts in the same direction as the rotation direction of the input rotating body, thereby switching the engagement and disengagement of the input rotating body and the output rotating body. This results in a time loss when the direction of rotation switches, leading to poor responsiveness. The two-way clutch described in Patent Document 2 also suffers from a similar problem. The two-way clutch described in Patent Document 3 uses a leaf spring-like member to enable simultaneous power transmission in both directions. However, because power transmission is by friction, there is a problem in that the torque that can be transmitted is small relative to the size of the two-way clutch. Furthermore, with the aim of solving these problems and providing a cam clutch with a simple structure, the ability to switch operating modes, high responsiveness, and the ability to secure the desired torque capacity, the applicant invented a cam clutch having an operating mode switching mechanism as shown in Patent Document 4.

[0006] However, in these known two-way clutches, an operating force input is required for the switching operation, but the drive source for this force must be located separately and is not integrated into a single device that includes the entire operating mechanism. Furthermore, in clutches that lock by clamping these cams, the cams can be locked in any position in each direction, and because the cams tightly engage and transmit torque due to a slight relative rotation from the start of torque transmission, in the two-way lock mode, even when the rotational torque disappears, the slight relative rotation when one cam is released causes the other cam to engage, leaving the cams engaged in both directions. In this state, switching to two-way free mode or one-way free mode requires a force to release the cam's engagement. Since a larger transmitted torque results in greater engagement, a switching mechanism capable of generating a large force was necessary when transmitting large torques.

[0007] The present invention aims to solve these problems by providing a selectable clutch that has a simple structure, allows switching of operating modes, has high responsiveness, can secure the desired torque capacity, and can be compactly configured as a device including the entire operating mechanism by integrating the drive source for operation. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The present invention solves the above problem by comprising at least one clutch mechanism for transmitting and interrupting the rotation of a first shaft and a second shaft that are coaxially rotatable relative to each other, and an operating mechanism for switching the operation of at least one of the clutch mechanisms, wherein the clutch mechanism has a first rotating element fixed to the first shaft in the rotational direction and a second rotating element fixed to the second shaft, and the operating mechanism has a main body, an annular connecting plate provided to the first rotating element so as to be immovable in the axial direction, and a drive unit provided to the main body for driving the connecting plate in the axial direction, wherein the main body is configured to support a shaft member connected to the first rotating element or the second rotating element via a bearing. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to the invention of claim 1, the operating mechanism comprises a main body, an annular connecting plate provided to the first rotating element so as to be immovable in the axial direction, and a drive unit provided to the main body for driving the connecting plate, wherein the main body is configured to support a shaft member connected to the first rotating element or the second rotating element via a bearing, thereby enabling a simple structure, integrating the drive source for operation with a reduced radially protruding portion, and creating a compact device including the entire operating mechanism. According to the configuration of claim 2, a more compact configuration can be achieved when the input direction of the operating force for switching is axial. According to the configuration of claim 3, the actuator, plunger, and connecting plate are arranged in an annular shape around the first shaft, allowing the driving force to be transmitted evenly around the entire circumference of the inner ring, reducing the driving force required for switching, and enabling the actuator to be miniaturized and power-efficient. According to the configuration of claim 4, the main body is formed in a shape that encloses at least one clutch mechanism and an operating mechanism, making it possible to integrate the entire operating mechanism into a single unit.

[0010] According to the configuration of claim 5, the clutch mechanism includes a first clutch mechanism and a second clutch mechanism, the first clutch mechanism is configured to transmit rotation at any rotation angle by having a locking member that moves and / or rotates between a first rotating element and a second rotating element, and the second clutch mechanism is configured to transmit rotation at a predetermined rotation angle by the engagement of a first engaging element and a second engaging element. As a result, the first clutch mechanism can transmit rotation at any rotation angle, enabling rotation transmission without play in both directions in a two-way lock mode, and preventing the second clutch mechanism from jamming during relative rotation when the rotational torque is eliminated and the engagement of the first clutch mechanism is released, allowing switching operations to be performed with light force even with a large transmitted torque. Furthermore, by operating the one-way free mode using the first clutch mechanism while disengaging the second clutch mechanism, relative rotation with extremely low noise and rotational resistance becomes possible.

[0011] According to the configurations of claims 6 and 7, since the first clutch mechanism is composed of a so-called cam clutch, it is possible to switch the operating mode of the first clutch mechanism with a simple structure, and high responsiveness and the desired torque capacity can be ensured. According to the invention of claim 8, the second clutch mechanism is configured as a so-called ratchet-type one-way clutch, thereby ensuring high responsiveness and the desired torque capacity. According to the configuration according to claim 9, the first engaging element is composed of a plurality of ratchet teeth provided on the end surface of the outer ring, and the second engaging element is composed of ratchet teeth arranged so as to extend from the end surface of the inner ring toward the outer peripheral direction, so that it can be made compact with a simple structure.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0012] [Figure 1] Cross-sectional perspective view of one form of the clutch structure with a part of the operating mechanism omitted. [Figure 2] Cross-sectional perspective view of one form of the clutch structure shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from another direction. [Figure 3] Exploded view of one form of the clutch structure shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 4] Side view of one form of the clutch structure shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 5] Cross-sectional side view of one form of the clutch structure shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 6] Front view of one form of the clutch structure shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 7] Rear view of one form of the clutch structure shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 8] Enlarged explanatory view of the cam. [Figure 9] Cross-sectional perspective view of the selectable clutch according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] Cross-sectional perspective view of the selectable clutch shown in FIG. 9 as viewed from another direction.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0013] First, one form of the clutch structure with a part of the operating mechanism omitted will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7. However, the present invention is not limited to these clutch structures.

[0014] A selectable clutch 100, which is a form of clutch structure in which part of the operating mechanism is omitted, is shown in Figures 1 to 7 and comprises a first clutch mechanism and a second clutch mechanism that transmit and interrupt the rotation of a first shaft and a second shaft that are coaxially rotatable relative to each other, and an operating mechanism that switches the operation of the first clutch mechanism and the second clutch mechanism. The first clutch mechanism is a cam clutch configured to transmit rotation at any rotation angle, with a cam 150, which is a rotating locking member, positioned between an inner ring 120, which is a first rotating element, and an outer ring 110, which is a second rotating element.

[0015] Furthermore, the second clutch mechanism is a ratchet-type one-way clutch configured to transmit rotation at a predetermined rotation angle through the engagement of a ratchet tooth 141 provided on a ratchet tooth holding member 140, which is the first engaging element, and a ratchet pawl 131 provided on a ratchet pawl holding member 130, which is the second engaging element. The ratchet pawl 131 is configured to engage with the ratchet teeth 141 during relative rotation in one direction, and to overcome the ratchet teeth 141 when the relative distance between them changes during relative rotation in the other direction. In this embodiment, the ratchet pawl 131 has the same shape as the ratchet teeth 141, and the ratchet pawl holding member 130 and the ratchet tooth holding member 140 are configured to move axially relative to each other. However, each ratchet pawl 131 itself may be provided so as to be pivotable relative to the ratchet pawl holding member 130.

[0016] The ratchet pawl holding member 130 is fixed to the end face of the outer ring 110, and the ratchet tooth holding member 140 is fixed to the inner ring 120 and is arranged to extend outward from the end face of the inner ring 120, with the ratchet pawl 131 and ratchet teeth 141 facing each other in the axial direction. Furthermore, a side plate 151 is attached to the outer ring 110, and the axial position of the cam 150 constituting the first clutch mechanism is defined between the ratchet pawl holding member 130 and the side plate 151.

[0017] The operating mechanism for switching the operation of the first clutch mechanism has a selector member 160 that is fitted onto the inner ring 120 and is axially slidable on the selector sliding surface 122 of the inner ring 120. Furthermore, an inner ring retaining plate 123 is positioned at the end of the inner ring 120 to restrict the movement of the selector member 160 and prevent it from falling off. In the first clutch mechanism, as shown in Figure 8, the cam 150 is biased toward the inner ring 120 by a spring 170 wrapped around the pressing portion 152, and is also biased to rotate in the direction of the arrow in the figure, so that it comes into contact with both the inner ring 120 and the outer ring 110. This allows relative rotation between the inner ring 120 and the outer ring 110 in one direction, blocking the transmission of rotational torque. Relative rotation between the inner ring 120 and the outer ring 110 in the other direction is prevented by the cam 150 slightly rotating in the direction of the arrow and wedging between the cam sliding surfaces 111 and 121 of the inner ring 120 and the outer ring 110, thereby transmitting rotational torque. The selector member 160 slides axially on the selector sliding surface 122 of the inner ring 120 and is inserted below the pressing portion 152. By maintaining the cam 150 in a position where it is not subjected to force from either the inner ring 120 or the outer ring 110 against the biasing force of the spring 170, it is configured to allow free relative rotation of the inner ring 120 and the outer ring 110 in both directions and to block the transmission of rotational torque in both directions.

[0018] The operating mechanism for switching the operation of the second clutch mechanism is configured to change the distance between the ratchet teeth 141 provided on the ratchet tooth holding member 140 and the ratchet pawl 131 provided on the ratchet pawl holding member 130 by moving the inner ring 120 itself axially relative to the outer ring 110, thereby switching between a state in which the ratchet mechanism is operational and transmits rotation in only one direction, and a state in which the ratchet pawl 131 does not contact the ratchet teeth 141 and the transmission of rotational torque in both directions is blocked. Furthermore, the aforementioned inner ring retaining plate 123 and selector member 160 restrict excessive sliding of the inner ring 120 during this switching operation.

[0019] The operation of a selectable clutch 100, which is a form of clutch structure in which a part of the operating mechanism configured as described above is omitted, will now be explained. The states shown in Figures 1, 2, 4, and 5 represent the two-way free mode, in which the selector member 160 contacts the pressing portion 152 of the cam 150, freeing the first clutch mechanism, and the inner ring 120 slides to a state where the ratchet pawl 131 does not contact the ratchet teeth 141, thus freeing the second clutch mechanism as well. From this state, when the selector member 160 is slid to release contact with the pressing portion 152 of the cam 150, the first clutch mechanism operates as a one-way clutch and enters a one-way free mode. Furthermore, when the selector member 160 is slid, the selector member 160 comes into contact with the inner ring retaining plate 123, and the inner ring 120 slides together with it, allowing the ratchet pawl 131 and ratchet teeth 141 to engage. The second clutch mechanism then acts as a one-way clutch for rotation in the opposite direction to the first clutch mechanism, resulting in a two-way lock mode where rotation is transmitted in both directions. This operation may also be performed by directly sliding the inner ring 120.

[0020] In this embodiment, the selector member 160 of the first clutch mechanism is configured to contact the pressing portion 152 of the cam 150 only when the inner ring 120 is in a free state. By switching the first clutch mechanism with the selector member 160 from the two-way free mode, the inner ring 120 can be slid with the same operation to switch the second clutch mechanism, thereby directly switching to the two-way locked mode. When switching modes from the two-way locked mode, sliding the selector member 160 causes the inner ring 120 to slide simultaneously, freeing the first and second clutch mechanisms, resulting in the two-way free mode shown in Figures 1, 2, 4, and 5. Furthermore, when switching the first clutch mechanism from the two-way free mode using the selector member 160, if the operation is stopped at a position where the inner ring 120 does not slide, the second clutch mechanism remains free, resulting in a one-way free mode.

[0021] In the above configuration, the selector member 160 of the first clutch mechanism is configured to contact the pressing portion 152 of the cam 150 only when the inner ring 120 is in a free state with the second clutch mechanism. However, it is also possible to configure the system so that each can be switched independently, with only the second clutch mechanism operating as a one-way clutch, but also having a one-way free mode in the opposite direction, allowing for switching between four modes.

[0022] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the operating mechanism of the first clutch mechanism may have a selector member 160 that can slide in the axial direction, and the operating mechanism of the second clutch mechanism may be operated by sliding an inner ring 120, or other known switching mechanisms may be adopted. Furthermore, in the above configuration, the cam 150, which serves as the first clutch mechanism, may have a different shape depending on the required torque tolerance, and although it is a cam clutch with a first clutch mechanism, it may also be a clutch configured to transmit rotation at any rotation angle by having rollers or the like move slightly and engage between the two rotating elements. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the second clutch mechanism is composed of a ratchet pawl 131 and ratchet teeth 141 that are opposed to each other in the axial direction, but they may also be opposed to each other in the radial direction. Furthermore, if the configuration does not include a reverse-direction one-way free mode as described above, the second clutch mechanism may be a dog clutch shape that does not have the function of a one-way clutch. The cam may have different shapes depending on the required torque tolerance, etc.

[0023] Next, a selectable clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 9 to 10. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. In this embodiment, the first clutch mechanism, the second clutch mechanism, and some of their operating mechanisms are structurally identical to those described above, although their dimensions differ. Therefore, a detailed explanation of the structure of these identical components will be omitted.

[0024] A selectable clutch 200 according to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the cross-sectional perspective views of Figures 9 to 10, comprises a first clutch mechanism and a second clutch mechanism that transmit and interrupt the rotation of a first shaft (not shown) and a second shaft 201 which are coaxially rotatable relative to each other, and an operating mechanism that switches the operation of the first clutch mechanism and the second clutch mechanism. The first clutch mechanism is a cam clutch configured to transmit rotation at any rotation angle, with a cam 250, which is a self-rotating locking member, positioned between an inner ring 220, which is a first rotating element, and an outer ring 210, which is a second rotating element. The cam 250 is biased toward the inner ring 220 by being wrapped around the spring 270.

[0025] Furthermore, the second clutch mechanism is a ratchet-type one-way clutch configured to transmit rotation at a predetermined rotation angle through the engagement of ratchet teeth provided on the ratchet tooth holding member 240, which is the first engaging element, and ratchet pawls provided on the ratchet pawl holding member 230, which is the second engaging element. The first engaging element, the ratchet tooth holding member 240, is fixed to the inner ring 220, and the second engaging element, the ratchet pawl holding member 230, is fixed to the outer ring 210. Furthermore, either or both of the ratchet tooth holding member 240 and the inner ring 220, or the ratchet pawl holding member 230 and the outer ring 210, may be fixed so as to be slightly rotatable relative to each other via an elastic member or the like to facilitate engagement and disengagement. In this embodiment, the arrangement of the ratchet tooth holding member and the ratchet pawl holding member is reversed in the axial direction compared to the previously described embodiment. In the previously described embodiment, the two are arranged to engage when the inner ring 120 is pulled toward the selector member 160, but in this embodiment, the two are arranged to engage when the inner ring 220 is pushed toward the actuator 282, which will be described later.

[0026] The operating mechanism for switching the operation of the second clutch mechanism comprises a main body 280, an annular connecting plate 224 that is fixed to the inner ring 220 which is the first rotating element and is immovable in the axial direction, and a drive unit provided on the main body 280 for driving the connecting plate 224 in the axial direction. The main body 280 is configured to support a first shaft (not shown), which is a shaft member connected to the first rotating element via a bearing 281. In this embodiment, an oil seal 285 is provided in parallel with the bearing 281. Furthermore, the main body 280 is formed in a shape that encloses the entire operating mechanism, including the first clutch mechanism, the second clutch mechanism, and the actuator 282. In this embodiment, the side of the main body 280 facing the second shaft 201 is open, but a closing member having a hole through which only the second shaft 201 passes may be provided integrally or separately to cover the entire body, and in that case, a bearing or oil seal for the second shaft 201 may be provided.

[0027] The drive unit includes an actuator 282 fixed to the main body 280, a plunger 283 fixed to the connecting plate 224 with fixing bolts 225 and driven axially by the actuator 282, and a spacer 284 that maintains the axial distance between the outer ring 210, which is the second rotating element, and the actuator 282. The connecting plate 224 is fitted into the groove of the inner ring 220 so as to be immovable in the axial direction and rotatable, and the inner ring 220 is driven in the axial direction by the actuator 282, which drives the connecting plate 224 and the plunger 283 together in the axial direction. The connecting plate 224 may also be fixed to the inner ring 220 in terms of its rotational direction, and the plunger 283 may be configured to rotate relative to the actuator 282.

[0028] As shown in the figure, when the inner ring 220 is positioned on the actuator 282 side, the ratchet tooth holding member 240 and the ratchet pawl holding member 230 constituting the second clutch mechanism are spaced apart in the axial direction and are capable of relative rotation in both directions. In this state, only the first clutch mechanism functions, and the whole system functions as a one-way clutch, allowing relative rotation in one direction and preventing relative rotation in the opposite direction. When the inner ring 220 moves away from the actuator 282, the ratchet tooth holding member 240 and the ratchet pawl holding member 230 constituting the second clutch mechanism engage, thereby preventing relative rotation in the direction permitted by the first clutch mechanism, and transmitting relative rotation between the first shaft (not shown) and the second shaft 201 in both directions. Furthermore, a spacer 284 is provided between the actuator 282 and the outer ring 210 to prevent the outer ring 210 from moving toward the actuator 282 when some external force is applied, thereby preventing the second clutch mechanism from operating unexpectedly.

[0029] In this embodiment, a means for biasing the actuator 282 and plunger 283 in the protruding direction, such as a spring washer, is provided between the actuator 282 and plunger 283. When the driving force from actuator 282 is turned off, the inner ring 220 moves away from actuator 282, and the ratchet tooth holding member 240 and ratchet pawl holding member 230 engage. When driving force is generated by actuator 282, the inner ring 220 moves towards actuator 282, and the ratchet tooth holding member 240 and ratchet pawl holding member 230 disengage (as shown in the figure). This allows the actuator 282 to have a simple structure that generates driving force in only one direction, for example, one composed of a simple coil (electromagnet) that pulls in the plunger 283 when energized.

[0030] The direction in which the actuator 282 generates the driving force and the direction in which it biases may be reversed, and the actuator 282 may be made capable of generating and maintaining driving force in both directions, and the means for biasing may be omitted. The driving force of the drive unit may be generated by any power source, such as electromagnetic force or fluid pressure, and is not limited to being composed of an actuator 282 and a plunger 283, but may be a reciprocating drive unit of other types. In this embodiment, the actuator 282 is a coil (electromagnet), and the actuator 282, plunger 283, and connecting plate 224 are arranged in a ring around the first shaft (not shown). This allows the driving force to be transmitted evenly around the entire circumference of the inner ring 220, reducing the driving force required for switching and enabling miniaturization and power saving of the actuator 282.

[0031] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various design modifications can be made without departing from the present invention as described in the claims. For example, as in one form of clutch structure in which part of the aforementioned operating mechanism is omitted, the first clutch mechanism may also be provided with a selector member to enable switching, and the actuator configuration may be such that the operation of the selector member and the operation of the inner ring are performed in stages, thereby enabling switching between three or more modes. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0032] 100, 200... Selectable clutch 201 ... 2nd axis 110, 210... Outer ring (first rotation element) 111... Cam sliding surface 120, 220... Inner ring (second rotation element) 121... Cam sliding surface 122 ··· Selector sliding surface 123 ··· Inner wheel stopper plate 224 ··· Connection Plate 225 ··· Fixing bolt 130, 230... Ratchet pawl retaining member 131... Ratchet pawl (first engaging element) 140, 240... Ratchet tooth retaining member 141... Ratchet teeth (second engaging element) 150, 250... Cam (locking component) 151 ··· Side panel 152... Pressing part 160 ··· Selector component 170, 270... Spring (biasing mechanism) 280 ··· Main body 281 ··· Bearing 282... Actuator 283 ··· Plunger 284... Spacer 285... Oil seal

Claims

1. A selectable clutch comprising at least one clutch mechanism for transmitting and interrupting the rotation of a first shaft and a second shaft that are coaxially mounted and rotatable relative to each other, and an operating mechanism for switching the operation of at least one of the clutch mechanisms, wherein the transmission and interruption of relative rotation of the first shaft and the second shaft can be switched, The clutch mechanism has a first rotating element fixed to the first shaft in the rotational direction and a second rotating element fixed to the second shaft. The operating mechanism comprises a main body, an annular connecting plate provided to the first rotating element so as to be immovable in the axial direction, and a drive unit provided to the main body for driving the connecting plate in the axial direction. The selectable clutch is characterized in that the main body is configured to support a shaft member connected to the first rotating element or the second rotating element via a bearing.

2. The selectable clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive unit includes an actuator fixed to the main body, a plunger fixed to the connecting plate and driven axially by the actuator, and a spacer that maintains the axial distance between the second rotating element and the actuator.

3. The selectable clutch according to claim 2, characterized in that the actuator, the plunger, and the connecting plate are arranged in an annular shape around the first shaft.

4. The selectable clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that the main body is formed in a shape that encloses the clutch mechanism and the operating mechanism.

5. The clutch mechanism includes a first clutch mechanism and a second clutch mechanism, The first clutch mechanism is configured such that a locking member that moves and / or rotates is positioned between the first rotating element and the second rotating element, and rotation can be transmitted at any rotation angle. The selectable clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that the second clutch mechanism is configured to transmit rotation at a predetermined rotation angle by engagement between the first engaging element and the second engaging element.

6. The first rotating element and the second rotating element are composed of an outer ring and an inner ring that are positioned to overlap in the axial direction. The locking member is a cam. The selectable clutch according to claim 5, characterized in that the first clutch mechanism has a plurality of cams provided in the circumferential direction between the outer ring and the inner ring, and a biasing means for biasing the plurality of cams.

7. The selectable clutch according to claim 6, characterized in that the operating mechanism has a selector member capable of switching between allowing and preventing the rotation of the cam.

8. The selectable clutch according to claim 5, characterized in that the first engaging element and the second engaging element each have ratchet teeth and ratchet pawls, and are arranged opposite to each other.

9. The first rotating element and the second rotating element are composed of an outer ring and an inner ring that are positioned to overlap in the axial direction. The first engaging element and the second engaging element are arranged facing each other in the axial direction. The first engaging element is composed of a plurality of ratchet pawls provided on the end face of the outer ring, The selectable clutch according to claim 5, characterized in that the second engaging element is composed of ratchet teeth arranged to extend outward from the end face of the inner ring.

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