Fire-resistant materials, fire-resistant structures, methods for constructing fire-resistant structures

Abstract

To provide fire-resistant materials, fire-resistant structures, and methods for constructing fire-resistant structures that can reduce construction man-hours. [Solution] The fire-resistant material 1 comprises a strip-shaped main body portion 2 formed from a plastically deformable fire-resistant material, and a covering sheet 3 that covers at least one side of the main body portion 2 in the thickness direction, wherein the main body portion 2 has a plastic deformation region 21 at its end in the width direction that allows for plastic deformation at least outward in the thickness direction when an external force is applied.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fireproof material, a fireproof structure, and a method for constructing a fireproof structure, which are applied to a partition that partitions a space and in which an elongated member penetrates a formed through-hole.

Background Art

[0002] As an example of a fireproof material applied to the partition, there is a tape-shaped fireproof material as described in Patent Document 1. When such a fireproof material is used, the fireproof material is wound around the outer periphery of the elongated member inside the through-hole. Then, a filling material such as mortar or rock wool is filled between the fireproof material and the inner surface of the through-hole to fill the space, thereby constructing the fireproof structure.

[0003] However, according to this method for constructing a fireproof structure, in order to fill the gap between the inner peripheral surface of the through-hole and the elongated member, after winding the fireproof material around the elongated member, additional man-hours are required for filling the filling material. Therefore, there was room for study on reducing the number of construction man-hours.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problem to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a fireproof material, a fireproof structure, and a method for constructing a fireproof structure that can reduce the number of construction man-hours.

Means for Solving the Problem

[0006] The present invention relates to a fire-resistant material that is wrapped around a long body that penetrates a through-hole of a partition that divides a space, and comprises a strip-shaped main body made of a plastically deformable fire-resistant material, and a covering sheet that covers at least one side of the main body in the thickness direction, wherein the main body has a plastically deformable region at its end in the width direction that can be plastically deformed at least outward in the thickness direction when an external force is applied.

[0007] The present invention also relates to a fire-resistant structure comprising a partition body for dividing a space, a partition body having a through hole formed therein, a long body passing through the through hole, and a fire-resistant material provided on the partition body, wherein the fire-resistant material comprises a strip-shaped main body made of a plastically deformable fire-resistant material and a covering sheet covering at least one side of the main body in the thickness direction, the main body having a plastic deformation region at its end in the width direction that allows for plastic deformation at least outward in the thickness direction when an external force is applied, and as a result of the plastic deformation when the fire-resistant material is wrapped around the long body in the length direction, the gap between the long body and the fire-resistant material, or between the wrapped and overlapping fire-resistant materials, or between the through hole and the fire-resistant material is filled, resulting in a fire-resistant structure.

[0008] The present invention also relates to a method for constructing a fire-resistant structure comprising: a partition body for partitioning a space using a fire-resistant material, comprising: a strip-shaped main body formed from a plastically deformable fire-resistant material; and a covering sheet covering at least one side of the main body in the thickness direction, wherein the main body has a plastic deformation region at its widthwise end that can be plastically deformed at least outward in the thickness direction when an external force is applied, and the partition body has a through hole formed therein, and the covering sheet is in contact with the partition body outside the through hole, at least on the portion facing the long body, and the fire-resistant material is wrapped around the long body in the length direction; and a deformation step is performed to fill the space between the inner surface of the through hole and the long body by deforming the plastic deformation region.

[0009] With these configurations, the plastically deformed region deforms outward in the thickness direction when an external force is applied, thereby closing the space present at the placement location of the fire-resistant material.

[0010] Furthermore, the end faces in the width direction of the main body portion, which are not covered by the covering sheet, can constitute part of the plastic deformation region.

[0011] With this configuration, the plastic deformation region can be deformed by applying an external force to the end face in the width direction of the main body.

[0012] Furthermore, the covering sheet has an easy-cut line along the length of the main body, and when the easy-cut line is cut, a part of the covering sheet is removed from the main body, so that the exposed main body becomes part of the plastic deformation region.

[0013] With this configuration, the plastic deformation region can be expanded by cutting along the easily cut line.

[0014] Furthermore, when the material is wound in the longitudinal direction, the covering sheet can be positioned on the inner diameter surface in that configuration.

[0015] With this configuration, for example, when wrapping fire-resistant material around a long object that penetrates a through-hole, the covering sheet can be made to come into contact with the long object. Therefore, even if the main body is adhesive, the fire-resistant material wrapped around the object can be slid along the long object to change its position.

[0016] Furthermore, the covering sheet is a release sheet, and when the fire-resistant material is wrapped around the elongated body in the longitudinal direction, the covering sheet can be peeled off from the main body.

[0017] With this configuration, the main body, after the release sheet has been removed, can be stacked in the thickness direction and treated as a single block of fire-resistant material. [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] According to the present invention, the plastic deformation region allows easily closing the space existing at the arrangement position of the refractory material. Therefore, a refractory material and a refractory structure with reduced construction man-hours can be provided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] [Figure 1] A refractory material according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein (A) is a perspective view and (B) is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line IB-IB in (A). [Figure 2] (A) is a perspective view showing a state where the refractory material is arranged along an elongated body, and (B) is a perspective view showing a state before the refractory material wound around the elongated body is moved into a through hole of a partition body. [Figure 3] (A) is a perspective view showing a state in the middle of moving the refractory material wound around the elongated body into the through hole of the partition body. (B) is a perspective view showing a state after the refractory material wound around the elongated body has been moved into the through hole of the partition body. [Figure 4] Both (A) and (B) are cross-sectional views showing an end portion of the refractory material, wherein a solid line indicates the form before plastic deformation, and a two-dot chain line schematically exemplifies the form after plastic deformation. (B) is a diagram showing, by a two-dot chain line, the form after plastic deformation performed so that the refractory material is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the elongated body (only the outer circumferential portion is illustrated). [Figure 5] (A) is a diagram showing a state where an operator is trying to deform the refractory material with a finger from the state of Fig. 3(B), and (B) is a diagram showing an example of the shape of the refractory material after deformation. [Figure 6] This is an axial cross-sectional view showing the refractory material in a state wound around the elongated body, wherein (A) corresponds to the state of Fig. 5(A) and (B) corresponds to the state of Fig. 5(B). [Figure 7] This is a perspective view showing a refractory material according to another embodiment of the present invention, showing a state where a part of a covering sheet is peeled off from a main body portion by cutting along an easily cut line (perforation). MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0020] Next, the present invention will be described with reference to embodiments. The refractory material 1 of the present embodiment is used for constructing a fire-resistant structure by being installed on a partition body W. First, the partition body W on which the refractory material 1 of the present embodiment is arranged to construct a fire-resistant structure will be described. The partition body W is a plate-shaped object provided for partitioning a space in a building into a plurality of spaces, in which the dimension in the plane direction is larger than the dimension in the thickness direction, and examples thereof include walls and floors. In the case of a wall, the space inside the building is partitioned into two spaces on the near side and the far side of the wall. The above-mentioned "near side" and "far side" indicate the orientation when facing the surface W1 of the partition body W (for example, when viewed from a worker constructing a fire-resistant structure), and are also used in the following description of directions of the refractory material 1. The partition body W may be solid, or may be hollow, for example, composed of two parallel plate-shaped bodies. In the partition body W, the surface facing the partitioned space is defined as surface W1. This surface W1 is a flat surface. Note that the surface W1 may be a surface other than a flat surface (a curved surface or a surface having irregularities).

[0021] A through-hole W2 is formed in the partition W, penetrating in the thickness direction. In each embodiment, the through-hole W2 is assumed to be a circular hole with a circular cross-sectional shape. However, the through-hole W2 is not limited to a circle, and may be a polygonal hole such as a square, or a hole with an irregular shape. A long body L penetrates this through-hole W2 from one space (e.g., the front side) to the other space (e.g., the back side) separated by the partition W. The long body L is often aligned with the central axis of the through-hole W2, which is along the thickness direction of the partition W, and is positioned along this central axis. This central axis is a hypothetical line passing through the radial center of the through-hole W2. In some cases, the long body L may be positioned off-center from the central axis. The long body L is an object whose longitudinal dimension is larger than its radial dimension, capable of passing fluid, power, or electrical signals between the one space and the other space, and is, for example, a pipe or an electric wire. Alternatively, the long body L may be a combination of a pipe and an electric wire. In this case, the electrical wires are placed in the internal space of the piping. Multiple (three in Figure 2(A), etc.) long bodies L can pass through a single through-hole W2. In this case, multiple long bodies L can be bundled together in a group using fasteners, etc. Note that in the following explanation, regardless of the number, they will simply be referred to as "long bodies L". The fire-resistant structure is composed of three components: the partition W, the long bodies L, and the fire-resistant material 1 placed on the surface W1 of the partition W so that the long bodies L pass through it.

[0022] The fire-resistant material 1 of this embodiment comprises a main body 2 and covering sheets 3 (3A, 3B). The main body 2 is formed from a plastically deformable fire-resistant material. The penetration depth of the main body 2 is, for example, 20 to 120. The main body 2 is in the form of a sheet, more specifically a strip (a long, narrow rectangle in plan view). The thickness of the main body 2 is uniform in both the length and width directions. This thickness is, for example, 1 mm to 30 mm. Here, given the condition that the width dimension is constant, there is a correlation between the length and the weight of the main body 2. Therefore, the amount (weight) of the main body 2, formed from fire-resistant material, to be installed in the through-hole W2 can be controlled by its length. Consequently, compared to the conventional method of using irregularly shaped putty, which is widely used, where workers tear off pieces like clay and place (fill) them into the through-hole W2, it is easier to control whether the fire-resistant construction has been carried out correctly, specifically whether the specified weight of fire-resistant material has been placed in the through-hole W2. Furthermore, compared to conventional sheet-type fire-resistant materials, the fire-resistant putty used in the main body 2 has an irregular shape (i.e., a shape that can be easily deformed), making it possible to adapt to any shape of long body L and the shape of the through-hole W2. Also, if the through-hole W2 penetrates in an inclined direction with respect to the thickness direction of the partition body W, a portion of the sheet-type fire-resistant material may protrude from the through-hole W2. However, with the material used in the main body 2 (specifically, the fire-resistant putty), such protrusion from the through-hole W2 can be prevented by deforming the main body 2.

[0023] The main body 2 has a plastic deformation region 21 at its widthwise end that allows for plastic deformation at least outward in the thickness direction when an external force is applied. The deformation state is, for example, shown by the dashed lines in Figures 4(A) and 4(B). In the case of the fire-resistant material 1 that is wrapped and overlapping, for example, the plastic deformation regions 21 in each overlapping layer are deformed to become integrated radially (to become a "single mass") as shown in Figure 6(B). The plastic deformation region 21 is the part of the main body 2 that is exposed and not covered by the covering sheet 3, etc. The "external force" is, for example, a force of a strength that can be applied to the main body 2 by the fingertips of a worker when constructing a fire-resistant structure. "Outer side in the thickness direction" refers to the side of the main body 2 that is close to the front and back surfaces that define the "thickness". A putty-like material, specifically fire-resistant putty, is used for the main body 2 and is molded into a strip. The material may or may not have thermal expansion properties. Materials used for the main body 2 include, for example, resin-based materials commonly called "putty," water-based materials made by mixing powder with water, and materials mainly composed of clay or unvulcanized rubber. By incorporating materials that expand when heated, such as expanded graphite, into the main component resin of the main body 2, the main body 2 can be made to have thermal expandability. Furthermore, it is desirable that the main body 2 has adhesive properties in relation to the covering sheet 3 described later.

[0024] The covering sheet 3 covers at least one surface of the main body 2 in the thickness direction. If the main body 2 is made of fire-resistant putty, the main body 2 itself is adhesive, so the covering sheet 3 can be attached to the main body 2 by utilizing this adhesiveness. Because the main body 2 is adhesive, the fire-resistant material 1 can be laminated in the thickness direction and can be tightly adhered to each other in that state. In this way, for example, by pressing the outer peripheral surface 22 of the main body 2 shown in Figure 5(A) with a finger, the laminated fire-resistant material 1 can be deformed into a "single block" shape (reference numeral 1B) as shown in Figure 5(B), so that the through hole W2 can be filled without gaps. Here, the state in Figure 5(A) is shown in the axial cross-sectional view as shown in Figure 6(A), and the state in Figure 5(B) is shown in the axial cross-sectional view as shown in Figure 6(B) (note that in Figures 6(A) and (B), the long body L is shown in a simplified manner). If the main body 2 is not adhesive, the surface of the covering sheet 3 facing the main body 2 shall be made adhesive, or an adhesive or bonding agent shall be interposed between the main body 2 and the covering sheet 3. If a method of use in which the covering sheet 3 is peeled off the main body 2 is anticipated (including cases in which only a part of the covering sheet 3 is peeled off, the same applies hereinafter), an adhesive that can be easily attached and removed shall be used. If a method of use in which the covering sheet 3 is peeled off the main body 2 is not anticipated, a bonding agent that can fix the covering sheet to the main body 2 shall be used. In other words, the fire-resistant material 1 can be used with the covering sheet 3 covering the main body 2, or it can be used with the covering sheet 3 removed from the main body 2. Furthermore, it can be used with the covering sheet 3 partially removed from the main body 2. Partial removal can be done on a surface-by-surface basis, or on a part in the length direction. The covering sheet 3 does not cover both ends in the width direction and both ends in the length direction of the main body 2. Therefore, in this embodiment, the portion of the main body 2 that includes both end faces in each direction becomes the plastic deformation region 21.

[0025] The covering sheet 3 can, for example, have a resin sheet or a metal sheet on one side in the thickness direction (covering sheet 3A), and a paper sheet on the other side (covering sheet 3B). This is just an example, and the contents of the covering sheet 3 are not limited. The metal sheet can be, for example, an aluminum sheet, or more specifically, an aluminum cloth sheet (aluminum wrought sheet) in which foil-like aluminum is laminated onto a resin mesh. The paper sheet can be, for example, a release sheet (release paper) with a resin layer formed on the surface of the paper, which allows the covering sheet 3 to be easily peeled off the main body 2. When the covering sheet 3 is a release sheet, it is easy to peel the covering sheet 3 off the main body 2 when the fire-resistant material 1 is rolled in the length direction. The main body 2, from which the release sheet has been peeled off, can be stacked in the thickness direction and treated as a single block of fire-resistant material, providing usability similar to conventional irregularly shaped fire-resistant putty. In addition, the presence of the covering sheet 3 allows the main body 2 to be stacked and managed in the thickness direction. This reduces the space required for the work. It also makes it easier to manage inventory of fire-resistant material 1.

[0026] The plastic deformation region 21 of the main body 2 includes the widthwise end face of the main body 2 that is not covered by the covering sheet 3. With this configuration, the plastic deformation region 21 can be plastically deformed by applying an external force to the widthwise end face of the main body 2. The deformation can be such that it is shifted to one side in the widthwise direction, as shown by the dashed line in Figure 4(A). Alternatively, as shown by the dashed line in Figure 4(B), it can be shifted to one side in the widthwise direction and then brought into contact with the outer surface of the elongated body L (only the outer periphery (pipe portion of a pipe or covering portion of an electric wire) is shown). By deforming in this manner, the space existing in the direction shifted to one side (to the right in Figure 4(A)) can be filled (specifically, the space between the inner surface of the through-hole W2 and the elongated body L, more specifically, the space between the elongated body L and the fire-resistant material 1, or the gaps between the fire-resistant materials 1 that are wrapped around and overlapping, or the spaces that exist between the through-hole W2 and the fire-resistant material 1, respectively). For example, the deformed portion of the plastic deformation region 21 can be pushed into the gaps between the elongated bodies L, L.

[0027] As described above, with the fire-resistant material 1 of this embodiment, the plastically deformable region 21 deforms outward in the thickness direction when an external force is applied, thereby easily sealing the space present at the placement location of the fire-resistant material 1.

[0028] Next, a method for constructing a fire-resistant structure will be described. This construction method, as an example, includes at least a wrapping step, a sliding step, and a deformation step.

[0029] In the wrapping process, the covering sheet 3 is brought into contact with the partition W through which the elongated body L passes, at least on the portion facing the elongated body L outside the through-hole W2. Then, the fire-resistant material 1 is wrapped around the elongated body L in the longitudinal direction (wrapped in a curved manner in the longitudinal direction) to form a wrapped body 1R. Figure 2(A) shows the state in which the fire-resistant material 1 is aligned with the elongated body L before wrapping. Figure 2(B) shows the state of the wrapped body 1R with the fire-resistant material 1 wrapped around the elongated body L. In this way, when the wrapped body 1R is formed, the covering sheet 3 is located on the inner diameter surface of the wrapped body 1R. The fire-resistant material 1 may be wrapped in a manner that is sequentially offset (so that parts overlap). Furthermore, a part of the wrapped body 1R may be placed inside the through-hole W2.

[0030] In the sliding process, the fire-resistant material 1 (winding body 1R) wrapped around the elongated body L is slid along the longitudinal direction of the elongated body L to position at least a portion of it in the through-hole W2, progressing from the state shown in Figure 3(A) to the state shown in Figure 3(B). Alternatively, the entire winding body 1R may be placed inside the through-hole W2. If the covering sheet 3 is in contact with the elongated body L during the winding process, even if the main body 2 is adhesive, the wrapped fire-resistant material 1 can be easily repositioned by sliding it along the elongated body L. Therefore, the fire-resistant material 1 can be easily positioned inside the through-hole W2. If the adhesiveness of the main body 2 has little effect on the elongated body L (i.e., it does not become fixed), the plastic deformation region 21 may be plastically deformed to eliminate the gap with the elongated body L, and then the fire-resistant material 1 (winding body 1R) may be slid and placed entirely inside the through-hole W2.

[0031] Furthermore, by ensuring that the covering sheet 3 is in contact with the elongated body L in this manner, even if the elongated body L shifts in the length direction due to external forces after construction is complete, the fire-resistant material 1 will move along with the elongated body L, thereby reducing the possibility of the fire-resistant material 1 coming out of the through-hole W2.

[0032] In the deformation process, for example as shown in Figure 5(A), the worker deforms the plastic deformation region 21 by pressing the outer surface 22 and end surface of the portion of the main body 2 that protrudes from the surface W1 of the partition W with their fingertips while the material is wound. This deformation moves a portion of the main body 2 in the width direction as shown in Figures 4(A) and 4(B), thereby filling the space between the inner surface of the through-hole W2 and the elongated body L, through which flames could potentially pass during a fire. Note that in the state shown in Figure 3(B), a portion of the wound fire-resistant material 1 in the width direction protrudes from the through-hole W2. This is just one example, but it is possible to deform the plastic deformation region 21 located in the portion that protrudes from the through-hole W2 in this way. Through the above processes, a fire-resistant structure can be constructed.

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0034] For example, the covering sheet 3 may have an easy-cut line along its length. The easy-cut line may be, for example, a perforation, and can be formed as shown in Figure 7. When the easy-cut line is cut, a portion of the covering sheet 3 is removed from the main body 2 (see Figure 7), so that the exposed main body 2 becomes part of the plastic deformation region 21. By having an easy-cut line in this way, the plastic deformation region 21 can be enlarged compared to the above embodiment (end face only), making deformation easier during the deformation process.

[0035] Furthermore, guideline markings regarding length or width dimensions may be provided on the covering sheet 3 (e.g., grid lines, scale lines). It is desirable that these guideline markings be provided on the covering sheet 3, which is intended to be located on the outside when the fire-resistant material 1 is wrapped around the long body L. This configuration can be used as a guideline when managing the amount of filling based on the protrusion dimension from the surface W1 of the partition body W. It can also be used as a guideline when cutting the fire-resistant material 1 for use. Note that these guideline markings may be sticky notes that protrude in the width direction from the covering sheet 3.

[0036] Furthermore, the material of the main body 2 may be indicated on the covering sheet 3. This makes it less likely for construction workers to suspect that the work is being done with an inexpensive putty of the same color but with different performance, as is the case when using putty of an irregular shape.

[0037] Furthermore, the main body 2 and the covering sheet 3 may have perforations or other easy-cutting lines that extend in the width direction at regular intervals. This makes it easier to cut the fire-resistant material 1 lengthwise at the construction site.

[0038] Furthermore, although the fire-resistant material 1 was flat in the above embodiment, it may also be in roll form. In particular, in this case, the covering sheet 3 may be provided on only one side in the thickness direction. In this case, one covering sheet 3 can be in contact with the main body portion 2 located on the inside and outside in the radial direction.

[0039] Furthermore, the fire-resistant material 1 is not limited to being wrapped around a long body L as in the above embodiment, but may also be applied by attaching the main body 2 along a flat or curved surface.

[0040] Alternatively, the fire-resistant material 1 may not be inserted into the through-hole W2, but rather positioned to cover the through-hole W2 at the surface W1 of the partition W.

[0041] Furthermore, in addition to crushing the plastic deformation region 21 at the end of the through hole W2 as in the above embodiment, a cut piece of the main body 2 may be inserted into the back of the through hole W2 to fill the entire space of the through hole W2.

[0042] Furthermore, the method for constructing the fire-resistant structure according to the above embodiment included a sliding step. However, it is also possible to place the fire-resistant material 1 on the front side of the surface W1 of the partition W without performing the sliding step. [Explanation of symbols]

[0043] 1 Fireproof material 1R Coiled Body 2 Main body 21 Plastic deformation region 3. Covering sheet (one side) 3A Covering sheet (the other side) 3B Covering Sheet W Compartment W1 surface W2 Through Hole L-shaped long body

Claims

1. A fire-resistant material that is wrapped around a long body that penetrates a through-hole in a partitioning body that divides a space, A strip-shaped main body made from a plastically deformable fire-resistant material, The main body comprises a covering sheet that covers at least one side of the main body in the thickness direction, The main body portion is a fire-resistant material having a plastic deformation region at its widthwise end that allows for plastic deformation at least outward in the thickness direction when an external force is applied.

2. The fire-resistant material according to claim 1, wherein the end face in the width direction of the main body portion is not covered by the covering sheet and thus constitutes a part of the plastic deformation region.

3. The covering sheet has an easy-cut line along the length of the main body, The fire-resistant material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the easy-cut line is cut, a portion of the covering sheet is removed from the main body, and the exposed main body becomes part of the plastic deformation region.

4. The fire-resistant material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the material is wound in the longitudinal direction, the covering sheet is located on the inner diameter surface in that form.

5. The aforementioned covering sheet is a release sheet, The fire-resistant material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the fire-resistant material is wrapped around the elongated body in the longitudinal direction, the covering sheet is peeled off from the main body.

6. A partition body for dividing a space, comprising a partition body having a through hole formed therein, A long body that penetrates the aforementioned through hole, A fire-resistant structure comprising a fire-resistant material provided in the partition body, The aforementioned fire-resistant material comprises a strip-shaped main body formed from a plastically deformable fire-resistant material, The main body comprises a covering sheet that covers at least one side of the main body in the thickness direction, The main body portion has a plastic deformation region at its end in the width direction that allows for plastic deformation at least outward in the thickness direction when an external force is applied. A fire-resistant structure in which, as a result of the plastic deformation, the gaps between the long body and the fire-resistant material, or between the overlapping fire-resistant materials that are wrapped around it, or between the through-holes and the fire-resistant material are filled.

7. A strip-shaped main body made from a plastically deformable fire-resistant material, The main body comprises a covering sheet that covers at least one side of the main body in the thickness direction, The main body portion is made of a fire-resistant material having a plastic deformation region at its end in the width direction that allows for plastic deformation at least outward in the thickness direction when an external force is applied. A partition body for dividing a space, having through holes formed therein, wherein a long body passes through the through holes, and the covering sheet is made to contact the partition body outside the through holes, at least on the portion facing the long body, and the fire-resistant material is wrapped around the long body in the longitudinal direction, a wrapping step, A method for constructing a fire-resistant structure, comprising a deformation step of filling the space between the inner surface of the through hole and the elongated body by deforming the plastic deformation region.

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