Ventilation structure

Abstract

The main objective is to eliminate the need for decorative elements between the lower and upper floors of the newly constructed exterior wall. [Solution] This relates to a ventilation structure 2 for a building 1 having a ventilation hole 11 between the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L and the existing exterior wall 5 of the upper floor H. The new exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L and the new exterior wall 22 of the upper floor H are spaced apart from the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L and the existing exterior wall 5 of the upper floor H, with a space 24 between them. The newly constructed exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L and the newly constructed exterior wall 22 of the upper floor H are butted together vertically without any gaps. A ventilation opening 26 is formed between the lower part of the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L and the lower part of the newly constructed exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L, communicating with the space 24 and the ventilation hole 11.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a ventilation structure. Background Art

[0002] A building has a ventilation structure on an outer wall portion. When a building is renovated and an existing outer wall (existing outer wall) is covered with a new outer wall, a new ventilation structure communicating with the existing ventilation structure is provided on the new outer wall (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] For example, against an existing ventilation structure in which a ventilation hole is provided between an existing outer wall of a lower floor and an existing outer wall of an upper floor of a building, Patent Document 1 provides an opening at a position facing the ventilation hole between a new outer wall of a lower floor and a new outer wall of an upper floor, and covers the opening with a decorative member having a ventilation gap, thereby forming a new ventilation structure. Prior Art Documents Patent Documents

[0004] Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2022-18332 Summary of the Invention Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] In the ventilation structure described in Patent Document 1, for example, an opening is provided in the new outer wall, and the opening is covered with a decorative member. Therefore, a decorative member is required, and it takes time and effort to attach the decorative member to the opening.

[0006] Therefore, a main object of the present invention is to contribute to improving the above-mentioned problems. Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides: A building ventilation structure having ventilation holes between the existing exterior wall of the lower floor and the existing exterior wall of the upper floor, The new exterior wall of the lower floor and the new exterior wall of the upper floor are spaced apart from the existing exterior wall of the lower floor and the existing exterior wall of the upper floor, with a space between them. The newly constructed exterior wall of the lower floor and the newly constructed exterior wall of the upper floor are butted together without any gaps between them, A ventilation opening is formed between the lower part of the existing exterior wall of the lower floor and the lower part of the newly constructed exterior wall of the lower floor, communicating with the space and the ventilation hole. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] With the above configuration, the present invention makes it possible to eliminate decorative members between the lower and upper floors of the newly constructed exterior wall. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0009] [Figure 1] This is a perspective view of the existing building. [Figure 2] This diagram shows a partial configuration of the building in Figure 1, with (a) being a floor plan and (b) being a longitudinal cross-section. [Figure 3] This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the portion along line AA in Figure 2(a). [Figure 4] This is a partial enlarged view of Figure 3. [Figure 5] This is a perspective view of the building with the newly installed exterior walls. [Figure 6] This is a vertical cross-section of the same part of the building shown in Figure 5 as shown in Figure 3. [Figure 7] This is a partial enlargement of Figure 6. [Figure 8] This is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the joint between the newly constructed exterior wall of the lower floor and the newly constructed exterior wall of the upper floor. [Figure 9] This is a vertical cross-section of the lower part of the exterior wall. [Figure 10] This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the lower part of the exterior wall according to a modified example of Figure 9. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0010] This embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10.

Example

[0011] <Configuration> This example has the following configuration

[0012] For example, FIG. 1 shows an existing building 1. This building 1 has a ventilation structure 2 on an outer wall portion thereof.

[0013] Here, the building 1 may be any type such as a detached house or an apartment house. In this example, the building 1 is a unit building. A unit building is a building 1 that can be constructed in a short period of time by transporting building units 3 manufactured in advance in a factory to a construction site and assembling them at the construction site.

[0014] The outer wall portion is a portion of the outer wall of the building 1. When the building 1 is newly constructed, outer walls (existing outer walls 4, 5) are installed on a side surface surrounding the outer periphery of the building 1. The existing outer walls 4 and 5 protect the building 1 from wind, rain and ultraviolet rays, and isolate the inside and outside of the building 1 from each other.

[0015] The ventilation structure 2 is a structure that allows outside air 6 (FIG. 2) to be taken into the interior of the building 1, and is provided when the building 1 is newly constructed.

[0016] This building 1 has a two-story structure in which a building unit 3 of an upper floor H is stacked on a building unit 3 of a lower floor L. The building 1 integrally has a portion protruding to the outdoor side 9 by placing a balcony unit 8 on an entrance unit 7 that is smaller than a normal building unit 3. The outdoor side 9 is the outer side of the building 1. The inner side of the building 1 is the indoor side. Note that the configuration of the building 1 is not limited to the above, and the building 1 may have three or more floors.

[0017] As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the existing ventilation structure 2 provided on the outer wall portion of the building 1 has a ventilation hole 11 between the existing outer wall 4 of the lower floor L and the existing outer wall 5 of the upper floor H. The ventilation hole 11 has a ventilation gap and is covered with a decorative member 12.

[0018] As shown in Figure 2, Building 1 is designed to introduce outside air 6 into the building unit 3 at the back, through ventilation holes 11, the space 15 between the ceiling 13 of the entrance unit 7 and the floor 14 of the balcony unit 8, and the internal spaces of the ceiling 13 and floor 14.

[0019] The balcony unit 8 has a floor section 14 and a handrail wall 17. The handrail wall 17 has an exterior wall on the outdoor side 9 that is formed by the existing exterior wall 5.

[0020] Figures 3 and 4 show cross-sections and enlarged sections of the upper and lower boundary between the entrance unit 7 and the balcony unit 8, but the ventilation structure 2 is almost the same for the upper and lower boundary between typical building units 3.

[0021] Then, building 1 in Figure 1 will be renovated so that the existing exterior walls (existing exterior walls 4 and 5) are covered with new exterior walls 21 and 22, as shown in Figure 5. In this case, the new exterior walls 21 and 22 will require a new ventilation structure 23. The new ventilation structure 23 will be connected to the existing ventilation structure 2.

[0022] In this embodiment, the new ventilation structure 23 may have the following configuration.

[0023] (1) As shown in Figure 6 (Figure 7), The new exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L and the new exterior wall 22 of the upper floor H are spaced apart from the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L and the existing exterior wall 5 of the upper floor H, with a space 24 between them. The newly constructed exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L and the newly constructed exterior wall 22 of the upper floor H are butted together vertically without any gaps (butt joint 25). Then, a ventilation opening 26 is formed between the lower part of the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L and the lower part of the newly constructed exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L, communicating with the space 24 and the ventilation hole 11.

[0024] Here, the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L is the existing exterior wall attached to the lower floor L of building 1, and also includes the exterior wall of the entrance unit 7.

[0025] The existing exterior wall 5 of the upper floor H is the existing exterior wall attached to the upper floor H of building 1, and also includes the exterior wall of the balcony unit 8 railing.

[0026] The hole 11 is a ventilation opening formed between the upper edge of the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L and the lower edge of the existing exterior wall 5 of the upper floor H. The hole 11 may be formed by cutting out the upper edge of the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L, or by cutting out the lower edge of the existing exterior wall 5 of the upper floor H.

[0027] Space 24 is formed by a narrow gap between the existing exterior walls 4 and 5 and the new exterior walls 21 and 22. The space 24 between the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L and the new exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L, and the space 24 between the existing exterior wall 5 of the upper floor H and the new exterior wall 22 of the upper floor H are continuous vertically with approximately the same spacing.

[0028] The newly constructed exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L is an exterior wall newly installed on the lower floor L of building 1. The newly constructed exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L is installed parallel to the outdoor side 9 of the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L via vertical furring strips 27 (Figure 8) that have the same thickness as the space 24.

[0029] The newly constructed exterior wall 22 of the upper floor H is an exterior wall newly installed on the upper floor H of building 1. The newly constructed exterior wall 22 of the upper floor H is installed parallel to the outdoor side 9 of the existing exterior wall 5 of the upper floor H via furring strips 27 having the same thickness as the space 24.

[0030] The furring strips 27 are vertical members that extend vertically and are attached to the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L in order to install the new exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L. The furring strips 27 are also attached to the existing exterior wall 5 of the upper floor H in order to install the new exterior wall 22 of the upper floor H. The furring strips 27 of the upper floor H are continuous vertically with the furring strips 27 of the lower floor L.

[0031] Multiple furring strips 27 are attached to the newly constructed exterior walls 21 and 22 at intervals in the horizontal direction. The horizontal spacing of the furring strips 27 is approximately the same width as the exterior wall panels that make up the newly constructed exterior walls 21 and 22. The horizontal direction is the horizontal direction along the surface of the existing exterior walls 4 and 5. The furring strips 27 may also be provided at appropriate positions in the middle of the width of the exterior wall panels.

[0032] Each space 24 is separated laterally by furring strips 27. Each space 24 is independent of the others. Between adjacent spaces 24, a seal 27a may or may not be provided to ensure high airtightness.

[0033] The width and height of the exterior wall panels that make up the newly constructed exterior walls 21 and 22 can be arbitrary. In this example, the newly constructed exterior walls 21 and 22 are each formed by stacking exterior wall panels in multiple layers.

[0034] As shown in Figure 7, the newly constructed exterior walls 21 and 22 have a recessed groove 28 extending over their entire length at the lower end and a protruding ridge 29 extending over their entire length at the upper end. By fitting the protruding ridge 29 into the recessed groove 28, they are connected vertically without any gaps, forming a joint 25.

[0035] The ventilation opening 26 is an opening for supplying and exhausting outside air 6 to the space 24, and is provided near the foundation 30 (Figure 6) of the building 1. The foundation 30 is a structure for setting the building 1 at a position higher than the ground, and is constructed of reinforced concrete.

[0036] (2) In the ventilation structure 2 described above, as shown in Figure 9, The ventilation opening 26 may have an opening width 31 that is more than half the size of the space 24.

[0037] Here, the opening width 31 is the dimension of the ventilation opening 26 in the inward-outward direction 32. The inward-outward direction 32 is the direction from the interior side toward the exterior side 9 or the opposite direction, and is approximately perpendicular to the newly constructed exterior walls 21 and 22.

[0038] If the space 24 is blocked at the bottom or only slightly open, there will be virtually no supply or exhaust of outside air 6 to or from the space 24, and the ventilation performance required for the new ventilation structure 23 will not be obtained. In order to supply and exhaust outside air 6 to or from the space 24, the ventilation opening 26 needs to have an opening width 31 that is larger than half the space 24. To make the opening width 31 of the ventilation opening 26 larger than half the space 24, it is sufficient to make it at least the space 24 between the furring strips 27, including directly below and around the ventilation hole 11.

[0039] (3) In the ventilation structure 2 described above, The ventilation opening 26 may be formed between the tip 42a of a horizontal flange portion 42 that protrudes toward the space 24, which is provided on a starting fitting 41 that locks and holds the lower part of the newly constructed exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L from below, and a notch 43 formed in the lower part of the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L. The ventilation opening 26 between the tip 42a of the lateral flange portion 42 and the notch 43 may be formed off-center to the side of the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L, rather than at the center position 44 of the width of the space 24.

[0040] Here, the starting fitting 41 is a fitting that serves as the starting point for attaching the newly constructed exterior walls 21 and 22. The starting fitting 41 has a vertical surface portion 41a that abuts against the lower outer surface of the vertical furring strip 27, an L-shaped locking portion 41b that extends from the lower end of the vertical surface portion 41a toward the outside side 9 and upward, and a horizontal flange portion 42 that extends almost horizontally from the lower end of the vertical surface portion 41a toward the existing exterior wall 5. The starting fitting 41 is attached to the lower side of the vertical furring strip 27 with fasteners 45 such as screws, almost perpendicular to the surface, from the outside side 9.

[0041] The horizontal flange portion 42 is a flange extending horizontally, provided on the starting fitting 41. The horizontal flange portion 42 has the function of positioning in the vertical direction 46 by engaging with the lower edge of the vertical furring strip 27 from below. The horizontal flange portion 42 needs to be of a certain length or more in order to accurately and stably attach the new exterior walls 21 and 22 to the furring strip 27 in the vertical direction 46.

[0042] The tip portion 42a is the end of the lateral flange portion 42 that faces the existing exterior wall 5. The lateral flange portion 42 is usually a long flange such that the tip portion 42a extends far beyond the center position 44 of the width of the space 24 and closes to the vicinity of the existing exterior wall 4, thereby almost completely covering the lower part of the space 24.

[0043] In contrast, in this example, the horizontal flange portion 42 installed in the space 24 between the furring strips 27, including directly below and around the ventilation hole portion 11, is a short flange. The short flange is made by shortening the tip portion 42a of the horizontal flange portion 42 so that its length is either in front of the width center position 44 or slightly beyond the width center position 44. For the space 24 other than directly below and around the ventilation hole portion 11, the tip portion 42a of the starting fitting 41 may be a normal long flange or a short flange. If a short flange starting fitting 41 is used, it is preferable to also provide a notch 43 on the side of the tip portion 42a.

[0044] The notch 43 is a portion of the lower part of the existing exterior wall 5 that has been cut out to make it locally thinner. The notch 43 is formed by cutting or other processing before the installation of the furring strips 27 and the new exterior walls 21 and 22, so that the opening width 31 of the ventilation opening 26 is at least half the size of the space 24, or larger, in relation to the length of the tip 42a of the horizontal flange portion 42. Since the starting fitting 41 is thin, the shape of the notch 43 does not matter as long as the opening width 31 of the part facing the tip 42a of the horizontal flange portion 42 is at least half the size of the space 24. In Figure 9, the notch 43 has a shape that widens at the bottom.

[0045] The width center position 44 is the position that bisects the dimension of the space 24 in the inward / outward direction 32. The notch 43 is formed to be the same size as, or larger than, the length of, the portion of the tip 42a of the lateral flange portion 42 that exceeds the width center position 44.

[0046] Specifically, in Figure 9, the space 24 has a dimension of 18 mm in the inward-outward direction 32, and the lateral flange portion 42 extends 10 mm beyond the width center position 44. In this case, an opening width 31 of 9 mm or more is required, and for that purpose, the notch portion 43 is formed to be 2 mm or larger.

[0047] Furthermore, in the modified example shown in Figure 10, the space 24 has a dimension of 18 mm in the inward-outward direction 32, and the lateral flange portion 42 is 13 mm, exceeding the width center position 44. In this case, an opening width 31 of 9 mm or more is required, and for that purpose, the notch portion 43 is formed to be 5 mm or larger.

[0048] In this way, by forming the notch 43, the ventilation opening 26 is positioned more towards the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L than the central position 44 of the width of the space 24.

[0049] <Effect> The effect of this embodiment is as follows:

[0050] During the renovation of Building 1, new exterior walls 21 and 22 will be attached to the outdoor side 9 of the existing exterior walls 4 and 5.

[0051] To achieve this, building 1 removes the existing decorative members 12 from the boundary between the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L and the existing exterior wall 5 of the upper floor H, thereby opening the holes 11 of the existing ventilation structure 2.

[0052] Then, building 1 attaches vertical furring strips 27 to the exterior side 9 of the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L and the existing exterior wall 5 of the upper floor H at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction. The furring strips 27 are used for attaching the new exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L and the new exterior wall 22 of the upper floor H.

[0053] At this point, a starting fitting 41 is attached to the lower part of the furring strip 27 of the lower floor L. The starting fitting 41 is then used to install the new exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L by engaging the groove 28 at the bottom of the new exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L with the locking part 41b. The new exterior wall 22 of the upper floor H is installed by fitting the groove 28 at the bottom of the new exterior wall 22 of the upper floor H into the upper projection 29 of the new exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L. The new exterior wall 22 of the upper floor H and the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L are stacked vertically without any gaps by fitting the projection 29 and the groove 28 together.

[0054] As a result, a space 24 equal to the thickness of the furring strips 27 is formed between the existing exterior wall 5 and the new exterior walls 21 and 22. This space 24 communicates with a ventilation hole 11 formed between the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L and the existing exterior wall 5 of the upper floor H. Furthermore, there are no openings that open to the outside side 9 at the position opposite the ventilation hole 11. In this state, the space 24 is simply an air layer.

[0055] Therefore, before installing the furring strips 27 and the new exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L, the building 1 provides a notch 43 in the lower part of the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L. The notch 43 is provided in the space 24 between the furring strips 27, including at least the area directly below and around the ventilation hole 11. The starting fitting 41 in the part where the notch 43 is provided has a shortened flange on the horizontal flange portion 42.

[0056] As a result, the space 24 between the furring strips 27, including at least directly below and around the ventilation hole 11, becomes a ventilation opening 26 at the bottom of the space 24, having an opening width 31 that is more than half the size of the space 24, and the space 24 becomes a ventilation passage, allowing ventilation to occur.

[0057] Specifically, in the entrance unit 7 and balcony unit 8 of building 1, outside air 6 enters through the ventilation opening 26 at the bottom of the newly constructed exterior wall 21 of entrance unit 7 and rises through the space 24 which has become a ventilation passage. The rising outside air 6 reaches the ventilation hole 11 between the existing exterior wall 5 of entrance unit 7 and the existing exterior wall 5 of balcony unit 8. Then, some of the outside air 6 is introduced into the building unit 3 at the back, passing through the space 15 between the ceiling 13 of entrance unit 7 and the floor 14 of balcony unit 8 from the ventilation hole 11.

[0058] In addition, in the parts of building 1 other than those mentioned above, outside air 6 enters through the ventilation opening 26 at the bottom of the newly constructed exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L and rises through the space 24 which has become a ventilation passage. When the rising outside air 6 reaches the ventilation hole 11 between the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L and the existing exterior wall 5 of the upper floor H, it is introduced into the interior of building unit 3 through the ventilation hole 11.

[0059] <Effects> The effects of this embodiment are as follows:

[0060] (Effect 1) Since the newly installed exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L and the newly installed exterior wall 22 of the upper floor H are installed butted together without any gaps between them, the newly installed exterior walls 21 and 22 do not have openings that are open to the outside side 9 in a position opposite to the ventilation holes 11 of the existing exterior wall 5. Therefore, the newly installed exterior walls 21 and 22 do not require the installation of new decorative members to cover openings between the newly installed exterior walls 22 of the lower floor L and the upper floor H.

[0061] By eliminating the need for new decorative elements between the lower floor L and the upper floor H's newly constructed exterior wall 22, building 1 will have a cleaner appearance without a clear boundary between the lower floor L and the upper floor H, improving its overall appearance quality. Furthermore, the cost of new decorative elements and the labor required for installation will be reduced, lowering the overall cost of the renovation and shortening the construction period. Additionally, the time and effort required to process and form openings in the newly constructed exterior walls 21 and 22 will be reduced.

[0062] Furthermore, building 1 secures and forms a ventilation opening 26 that communicates with the space 24 and the ventilation hole 11 between the lower part of the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L and the lower part of the new exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L. As a result, when the new exterior walls 21 and 22 are installed in building 1, the space 24 can be used as a ventilation passage, and ventilation becomes possible through the ventilation opening 26 at the bottom of the space 24.

[0063] (Effect 2) If the space between the lower part of the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L and the lower part of the newly installed exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L is completely or almost completely sealed, then almost no outside air 6 is introduced into the space 24, and the space 24 functions only as an air layer. In contrast, the lower part of the space 24 is widened to secure an opening width 31 that is more than half the size of the space 24. As a result, the lower part of the space 24 becomes a ventilation opening 26, and the space 24 can be used as a ventilation passage.

[0064] (Effect 3) The starting fitting 41 is a fitting that serves as the starting point for attaching the new exterior walls 21 and 22. By installing the new exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L on top of the starting fitting 41, and installing the new exterior wall 22 of the upper floor H on top of the new exterior wall 21 of the lower floor L, the new exterior walls 21 and 22 are installed on building 1. The starting fitting 41 has a horizontal flange portion 42 for positioning in the vertical direction 46, and the horizontal flange portion 42 protrudes significantly toward the space 24. Also, the horizontal flange portion 42 cannot be made too short in order to ensure the positioning function. As a result, the horizontal flange portion 42 of the starting fitting 41 causes the lower part of the space 24 to be blocked. Therefore, when the existing starting fitting 41 was used, the lower part of the space 24 was not a ventilation opening 26.

[0065] Therefore, the ventilation opening 26 is formed slightly off-center towards the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L, rather than towards the center position 44 of the width of the space 24. This makes it possible to create a ventilation opening 26 at the bottom of the space 24, even if the starting fitting 41 has a horizontal flange portion 42. Furthermore, by limiting the horizontal flange portion 42 of the ventilation opening 26 to the minimum necessary length and forming a notch 43 at the bottom of the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L, it becomes possible to secure an opening width 31 that is more than half the size of the space 24, even when it is positioned slightly off-center towards the existing exterior wall 4 of the lower floor L. [Explanation of symbols]

[0066] 1. Building 2. Ventilation structure 4 Existing external wall 5 Existing external wall 9. Outdoor side 11 Hole 21 New exterior wall 22 New exterior wall 24 Space 26 Ventilation vent 31 Opening width 41 Starting point fitting 42 Side flange section 42a Tip 43 Notch 44 Width center position H Upper floor L Lower floor

Claims

1. A building ventilation structure having ventilation holes between the existing exterior wall of the lower floor and the existing exterior wall of the upper floor, The new exterior wall of the lower floor and the new exterior wall of the upper floor are spaced apart from the existing exterior wall of the lower floor and the existing exterior wall of the upper floor, with a space between them. The newly constructed exterior wall of the lower floor and the newly constructed exterior wall of the upper floor are butted together without any gaps between them, A ventilation structure characterized in that a ventilation opening is formed between the lower part of the existing exterior wall of the lower floor and the lower part of the newly constructed exterior wall of the lower floor, communicating with the space and the ventilation hole.

2. A ventilation structure according to claim 1, The ventilation structure is characterized in that the ventilation opening has an opening width that is more than half the size of the space.

3. The ventilation structure according to claim 2, The ventilation opening is formed between the tip of a horizontal flange portion that protrudes toward the space, which is provided on a starting fitting that locks and holds the lower part of the newly constructed exterior wall of the lower floor from below, and a notch formed in the lower part of the existing exterior wall of the lower floor, The ventilation structure is characterized in that the ventilation opening between the tip of the horizontal flange portion and the notch portion is formed off-center towards the existing exterior wall of the lower floor, rather than being positioned in the center of the width of the space.

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