Method for preparing fiber-reinforced parts

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for preparing fiber-reinforced components based on cyclopentadiene resin and blends thereof, fiber-reinforced components obtainable by said method, use of said fiber-reinforced components in visible or invisible applications, visible or invisible applications including said fiber-reinforced components, and a kit suitable for the method for preparing said fiber-reinforced components.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for preparing fiber-reinforced components based on cyclopentadiene resin and blends thereof, fiber-reinforced components obtainable by said method, use of said fiber-reinforced components in visible or invisible applications, visible or invisible applications including said fiber-reinforced components, and a kit suitable for the method for preparing said fiber-reinforced components. [Background technology]

[0002] Numerous established methods exist for the production of fiber-reinforced parts based on thermosetting resins. More modern methods, such as resin infusion, resin injection, filament winding, pultrusion, and compression molding, as well as further modifications thereof, can be technically and economically more efficient than conventional prepregs (see, for example, Flake C. Campbell, Jr., Manufacturing Processes for Advanced Composites, Elsevier Ltd. 2004, ISBN 978-1-85617-415-2). These methods enable the use of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) molds for producing high-performance composite materials. For small volume parts, CFRP molds are considerably less expensive than steel or invar molds. Invar molds are typically required to provide thermal expansion, which is beneficial for producing dimensionally stable materials. CFRP molds provide a coefficient of thermal expansion similar to that of parts manufactured using these molds, thereby ultimately resulting in better dimensional accuracy (see Campbell, pp. 104-110, 336).

[0003] Today, such materials are generally manufactured using prepreg materials (pre-impregnated materials) primarily based on carbon and / or glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin systems. However, the use of liquid resin systems in the manufacture of CFRP through infusion is becoming increasingly common. Their applications are limited, for example, due to the lower thermal stability of epoxy resins and their poor electronic properties (Dk / Df).

[0004] For the manufacture of fiber-reinforced parts, a suitable resin is desired that provides a well-balanced set of properties with respect to processability, electronic properties (e.g., low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss), thermal properties (e.g., high glass transition temperature and / or small thermal shrinkage), and mechanical properties (e.g., tensile strength).

[0005] Even though hydrocarbon resins with high glass transition temperatures are known, for example from WO2021 / 252728, there is still a need for suitable fiber-reinforced components and methods for preparing them.

[0006] Against this backdrop, there is a need for improved methods for preparing fiber-reinforced components, as well as for fiber-reinforced components that possess well-balanced properties in terms of processability, electronic properties, thermal properties, and mechanical properties. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] WO2021 / 252728 [Non-patent literature]

[0008] [Non-Patent Document 1] Flake C. Campbell, Jr., Manufacturing Processes for Advanced Composites, Elsevier Ltd. 2004, ISBN 978-1-85617-415-2 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0009] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to have a well-balanced characteristic, for example, one that can withstand high thermal stress (for example, a high glass transition temperature (T)). g The present invention aims to provide fiber-reinforced components such as CFRP that have and / or exhibit excellent electronic properties. A further object of the present invention is to provide a method, preferably a time-efficient method, for producing fiber-reinforced components having well-balanced properties, for example, being able to withstand high thermal stress and / or exhibiting excellent electronic properties. In this regard, the present invention aims to provide a method for producing the fiber-reinforced components that is easy (for example, by providing starting materials having improved processability, for example, low viscosity) and / or has improved flexibility (for example, high adaptability) and / or stability (for example, with respect to the applied resin composition). [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a method for preparing fiber-reinforced components, (i) A step of providing a resin composition (RC), wherein the resin composition (RC) is a) Formula (A3)

[0011] [ka]

[0012] (In the formula, R 7This is independently a methylene group (CH2), or a methylene group substituted with one or more -CH3 or halogen functional groups; R 8 These are independently bonded, linear or branched, linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, aliphatic or aromatic groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Y is independently a functional group having at least one non-aromatic alkene, alkyne, C1-C13 alkyl, or aromatic moiety; q is an integer between 1 and 5; r is independently either 0 or an integer between 1 and 4. u is an independent integer that is either 0, greater than or equal to 1, and if u is 0, the region in parentheses represents association. n is an integer that is either 0, greater than or equal to 1, and if n is 0, the region in parentheses represents association. Hydrocarbon resin compositions (HRC) derived from hydrocarbon resins having the structure defined by; b) Optionally, at least one bifunctional or polyfunctional resin (B); and c) Catalyst (C) Processes including; (ii) A process of providing a fiber structure; (iii) A step of bringing the fiber structure into contact with the resin composition (RC) to provide a fiber composition (FC); and (iv) A step of curing the fiber composition (FC) This includes methods.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention relates to fiber-reinforced components that can be obtained by the method described in the first aspect. According to a third aspect, the present invention relates to the use of the fiber-reinforced components described in the second aspect in visible or non-visible applications.

[0014] According to a fourth aspect, the present invention relates to visible or invisible applications including the fiber-reinforced components described in the second aspect. According to the fifth aspect, the present invention is 1) A container (A) containing a resin composition (RC), wherein the resin composition (RC) is a) Formula (A3)

[0015] [ka]

[0016] (In the formula, R 7 This is independently a methylene group (CH2), or a methylene group substituted with one or more -CH3 or halogen functional groups; R 8 These are independently bonded, linear or branched, linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, aliphatic or aromatic groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Y is independently a functional group having at least one non-aromatic alkene, alkyne, C1-C13 alkyl, or aromatic moiety; q is an integer between 1 and 5; r is independently either 0 or an integer between 1 and 4. u is an independent integer that is either 0, greater than or equal to 1, and if u is 0, the region in parentheses represents association. n is an integer that is either 0, greater than or equal to 1, and if n is 0, the region in parentheses represents association. Hydrocarbon resin composition (HRC) derived from a hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by Container (A) containing; 2) A container (B) optionally comprising at least one type of bifunctional or polyfunctional resin (B); and 3) Optionally, container (C) A kit that includes; The kit further comprises catalyst (C), which is contained in container (A), container (B), and / or container (C).

[0017] To our surprise, the inventors have found that at least one of the above objectives can be achieved by the cyclopentadiene-based resins disclosed herein. In this regard, for example, the present invention relates to, for example, T g This provides a time-efficient (rapid curing) method for producing fiber-reinforced parts with well-balanced mechanical and / or electronic properties. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0018] Detailed description of preferred embodiment The present invention will be described in more detail below. In the context of this invention, the term "approximately" means a range of precision that a person skilled in the art would understand to still guarantee the technical effect of the feature. This term typically indicates a deviation of ±10%, preferably ±5%, more preferably ±2%, and in particular ±1% from the indicated value.

[0019] Where used herein, the articles “a” and “an” preceding an element or component are intended to be non-restrictive with respect to the number of instances (i.e., occurrences) of the element or component. Therefore, “a” or “an” shall be read as including one or at least one, and the singular form of an element or component also includes the plural form unless the number clearly implies a singular form.

[0020] For example, the term halogen, as described in the definition of variable forms above, is a general term for the individual lists of constituent elements of each group. The prefix Cn~Cm indicates the number of possible carbon atoms in the group in each case.

[0021] As used herein, the term "halogen" refers to fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine, preferably fluorine, chlorine, or bromine. As used herein, the term "substituted bisimide" refers to a compound having a substitution at the CC double bond (positions 3 and / or 4) of a maleimide group.

[0022] The term “alkyl” (either alone or as part of a larger group such as alkoxy), as used herein, typically means a linear (i.e., straight-chain) or branched saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10, or 1 to 6, or 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 3, or 1 to 2, or 1 carbon atom. Examples of alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, 2-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, n-hexyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl, and 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl.

[0023] The term "linear C1-C10 alkyl" refers to a linear saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Examples include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, and decyl.

[0024] The term "branched C4-C10 alkyl" refers to branched-chain saturated hydrocarbon groups having 4 to 10 carbon atoms. Examples include 1-methylpropyl, 2-methylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylethyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl, and 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl.

[0025] The term "haloalkyl," as used herein, means, in each case, a linear (i.e., straight-chain) or branched saturated hydrocarbon group having typically 1 to 20 carbon atoms, often 1 to 10, or 1 to 6, or 1 to 4 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrogen atoms of the group are partially or completely replaced by halogen atoms. Preferred haloalkyl moieties are selected from C1-C4 haloalkyls, more preferably C1-C3 haloalkyls or C1-C2 haloalkyls, and more specifically, selected from C1-C2 fluoroalkyls, such as fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, pentafluoroethyl, etc. The term "halogenated," as used herein, means, in each case, that in each moiety (e.g., in halogenated C3-C8 cycloalkyls), at least one hydrogen atom is replaced by at least one halogen atom.

[0026] The term “alkenyl” (either alone or as part of a larger group such as alkenyloxy), as used herein, means, in each case, a linear (i.e., straight-chain) or branched hydrocarbon group having typically two or more carbon atoms, often 2 to 10, 2 to 6, or 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and containing one or more C=C double bonds. The alkenyl moiety may be in either an (E) or (Z)-stereoconfiguration, as is required.

[0027] The term "linear C2-C10 alkenyl" refers to a linear group having one or more double bonds, where the alkenyl portion may be in either an (E) or (Z) configuration, as required. Examples of "linear C2-C10 alkenyl" groups include vinyl, allyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, and octenyl.

[0028] The term "branched C3-C10 alkenyl" refers to a branched group having one or more double bonds, where the alkenyl portion may be in either an (E) or (Z) configuration, as required. The branching site may be on an unsaturated or saturated carbon atom. Examples of "branched C3-C10 alkenyl" groups include isopropenyl, sec-butenyl, tert-butenyl, isopentenyl, and isohexenyl.

[0029] The “alkynyl” substituent (also referred to as “alkyne”; either alone or as part of a larger group such as alkynyloxy), as used herein, means a linear (i.e., straight-chain) or branched hydrocarbon group having typically 2 to 20 carbon atoms, often 2 to 10, 2 to 6, or 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and containing one or more C≡C triple bonds.

[0030] As used herein, the term "alkoxy" means, in each case, an alkyl substituent as defined above, connected to another structural part via an oxygen atom (-O-). Exemplary alkoxy groups are methoxy, trifluoromethoxy, ethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, and n-pentoxy.

[0031] The term "alkylthio," as used herein, means, in each case, an alkyl substituent as defined above, connected to another structural part via a sulfur atom (-S-). A typical alkylthio group is methylthio.

[0032] The term “aryl” (either alone or as part of a larger group such as aryloxy or aralkyl), as used herein, refers to an aromatic ring system (i.e., satisfying Hückel’s rule, having (4n + π²) electrons, where n is 0 or preferably an integer between 1 and 3), which may be monocyclic, dicyclic, or tricyclic. Examples of such rings include phenyl, naphthyl, anthracenyl, indenyl, or phenantrenyl. Preferred aryl groups are phenyl and naphthyl, with phenyl being the most preferred.

[0033] The term “aromatic group,” as used herein, refers to a divalent group comprising at least one aromatic ring system. “Aromatic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms” refers to a divalent group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and comprising at least one aromatic ring system. This group may be entirely aromatic, for example, phenylene, or may contain at least two divalent aromatic ring systems linked by a bond, for example, phenylene-phenylene.

[0034] The terms "alkylene" or "alkanediyl," as used herein, refer to a divalent linear or branched alkyl group, e.g., -(CH2) xThe formula is - or -CH(CH3)CH2-, where x is a positive integer, usually between 1 and 20, preferably between 1 and 10 or between 1 and 5. In the context of the present invention, "C1-C5 alkylene" refers to an alkylene moiety having 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 carbon atoms, respectively, such as the -CH2- group. However, the term "alkylene" includes not only linear alkylene groups, i.e., "alkylene chains," but also branched alkylene groups. The term "C1-C5 alkylene" refers to an alkylene moiety that is either linear, i.e., an alkylene chain, or branched, and has 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 carbon atoms.

[0035] The term "cycloalkanediyl," as used herein, refers to a carbon ring having, for example, 3 to 8 carbon atoms. Cycloalkanediyl groups with open bonds to different carbon atoms may exist in cis and trans isomers.

[0036] The term "aralkyl," as used herein, refers to an alkyl moiety as defined herein that is substituted with an aryl moiety as defined herein. The term "divalent aralkyl," as used herein, refers to an aralkyl moiety as defined herein that has two binding sites to the remainder of the molecule.

[0037] The term "alkalyl," as used herein, refers to an aryl moiety as defined herein that is substituted with an alkyl moiety as defined herein. The term "divalent alkalyl," as used herein, refers to an alkalyl moiety as defined herein that has two bonding sites to the remainder of the molecule.

[0038] When used herein, the term “alkenylaryl” refers to an aryl portion as defined herein that is replaced by an alkenyl portion as defined herein.

[0039] The term "bisaralkyl," as used herein, refers to an alkyl moiety as defined herein that is substituted with two aryl moieties as defined herein. The term "divalent bisaralkyl," as used herein, refers to a bisaralkyl moiety as defined herein that has two binding sites to the remainder of the molecule.

[0040] The term “3- to 8-membered cycloalkyl” or “C3-C8 cycloalkyl” refers to saturated carbocyclic compounds that may contain one or more rings. Examples of “3- to 8-membered cycloalkyl” or “C3-C8 cycloalkyl” groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, norbornyl, and bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl.

[0041] The term “3- to 8-membered cycloalkenyl” refers to an unsaturated (i.e., partially unsaturated or aromatic) carbocyclic compound that may contain one or more rings. Examples of “3- to 8-membered cycloalkenyl” groups include cyclopropenyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, cyclooctenyl, norbornel, bicyclo[2.2.2]octenyl, and phenyl.

[0042] It should be understood that alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkyne, aryl, aralkyl, alkenylaryl, alkaryl, linear C1-C10 alkyl, linear C1-C10 haloalkyl, branched C4-C10 alkyl, branched C4-C10 haloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, halogenated C3-C8 cycloalkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, branched C3-C10 alkenyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, phenyl, phenoxy, 3-8 membered cycloalkyl, and 3-8 membered cycloalkenyl groups may be further substituted at will. Exemplary substituents include hydroxy, carboxy, amino, sulfonyl, halogen, and phenyl groups. In preferred embodiments, the aforementioned parts are not further substituted.

[0043] As used herein, the term "polymer" includes copolymers and homopolymers. The expression "liquid mixture" means a mixture that is liquid at ambient temperature (typically about 25 °C and / or by a Brookfield viscometer), and preferably has a viscosity of less than 10,000 mPa·s, preferably less than 2,000 mPa·s, more preferably less than 1,000 mPa·s, and most preferably less than about 500 mPa·s at a temperature of 80 °C or less at ambient temperature.

[0044] It should be understood that the term "comprising" is non-limiting. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "consisting of" is considered a preferred embodiment of the term "comprising of". Below, when a group is defined to include at least a specific number of embodiments, this also preferably means that the group consists of only these embodiments.

[0045] As outlined above, an object of the present invention is, in a first aspect, a method for preparing a fiber-reinforced component, comprising: (i) providing a resin composition (RC), wherein the resin composition (RC) a) of formula (A3)

[0046]

Chemical formula

[0047] (wherein R 7 is independently a methylene group (CH2), or a methylene group substituted with one or more -CH3 or halogen functional groups; R 8 is independently a bond, or a linear or branched, linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or aromatic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, Y is independently a functional group having at least one non-aromatic alkene, alkyne, C1-C13 alkyl, or aromatic moiety; q is an integer between 1 and 5; r is independently either 0 or an integer between 1 and 4. u is an independent integer that is either 0, greater than or equal to 1, and if u is 0, the region in parentheses represents association. n is an integer that is either 0, greater than or equal to 1, and if n is 0, the region in parentheses represents association. Hydrocarbon resin compositions (HRC) derived from hydrocarbon resins having the structure defined by; b) Optionally, at least one bifunctional or polyfunctional resin (B); and c) Catalyst (C) Processes including; (ii) A process of providing a fiber structure; (iii) A step of bringing the fiber structure into contact with the resin composition (RC) to provide a fiber composition (FC); and (iv) A step of curing the fiber composition (FC) This method includes [something].

[0048] The present invention provides a time-efficient method for producing fiber-reinforced components that have well-balanced properties, such as resistance to high thermal stress and / or excellent electronic properties.

[0049] Hereafter, specific embodiments of the present invention, such as preferred components and preferred method steps, will be described in more detail. It will be understood that each embodiment is correlated in itself and, in addition, correlated in combination with other embodiments.

[0050] Those skilled in the art, R 7 and R 8 You should understand that it is a divalent group, meaning that each group has two binding sites to the rest of the molecule. In one embodiment, step (ii) further includes the step of placing the fiber structure in a mold or on a substrate.

[0051] In one embodiment, the contact in step (iii) is impregnation, i.e., the fiber structure is impregnated with a resin composition (RC). In one embodiment, impregnation in step (iii) is achieved using a method selected from the group consisting of resin transfer molding, vacuum pressure resin transfer molding, liquid resin infusion, Seemann composite resin infusion molding process, vacuum-assisted resin infusion, injection molding, compression molding, spray molding, pultrusion, lamination, filament winding, Quickstep process, or Roctool process, preferably using a method selected from the group consisting of resin transfer molding, vacuum pressure resin transfer molding, liquid resin infusion, vacuum-assisted resin infusion, injection molding, or filament winding. More preferably, the impregnation in step (iii) is achieved using a liquid composite molding process selected from the group consisting of resin transfer molding, liquid resin infusion, Zeeman composite resin infusion molding process, vacuum-assisted resin infusion, injection molding, EADS vacuum-assisted process (VAP®), and vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding, and more specifically, using a liquid composite molding process selected from the group consisting of vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding and injection molding, or using a liquid composite molding process selected from the group consisting of injection molding.

[0052] Filament winding is a process commonly applied to epoxy resins and polyesters. Until now, cyclopentadiene and its blends have not been applied to this method. For producing pressure vessels and convex geometric arrangements from composite materials, filament winding is one of the most competitive technologies. Industrially available impregnation methods for filament winding include impregnation of fibers in an open vat. During the impregnation process, the roving needs to be spread out to completely wet the single fiber filaments of the roving. Then, the filament winding apparatus applies tension and winds the resin-impregnated fiber bundle around a mandrel, which defines the shape and dimensions of the final product. To achieve a high fiber / resin volume ratio on the composite material, the fiber bundle is applied under tension.

[0053] For filament winding, the resin composition should have a viscosity of less than about 1000 mPa·s, preferably less than about 500 mPa·s, at the impregnation temperature. The reinforcing structure (e.g., made of glass, carbon, or aramid fibers) is impregnated in a resin bath in which all components are mixed. In the filament winding process, complete and uniform impregnation of the reinforcing fibers is of critical importance.

[0054] The use of a catalyst can further reduce the viscosity of the mixture, which helps to operate the resin bath at lower temperatures. A specific concentration of catalyst is applied to achieve a reliable and economical curing process. This concentration ensures that the produced parts (e.g., cylindrical or elliptical) can cure at a lower temperature than those produced with pure hydrocarbon resin (without catalyst), resulting in lower internal stress and higher part quality. Considering the reactivity data shown in the following examples, gelation and curing times can be designed with extreme precision, reducing the overall curing time.

[0055] In one embodiment, in step (iii), a temperature of about 20 to about 95°C is applied, preferably about 22 to about 89°C, more preferably about 24 to about 85°C, and specifically about 25 to about 50°C or about 60 to about 85°C.

[0056] In one embodiment, in step (iii), the increased pressure is applied and / or the air is exhausted. In one embodiment, in step (iii), a pressure of about 1 to about 20 hPa is applied, preferably about 2 to about 16 hPa, and specifically about 3 to about 12 hPa. In this regard, the pressure is preferably applied for about 5 to about 120 minutes, more preferably about 7 to about 100 minutes, and specifically about 10 to about 60 minutes. The pressure may be maintained during curing.

[0057] In one embodiment, the resin composition (RC) is treated before the contact step (iii) at a pressure of about 1 to about 15 hPa, preferably at a pressure of about 2 to about 10 hPa, and specifically at a pressure of about 3 to about 6 hPa, preferably for about 1 to about 30 minutes, more preferably for about 2 to about 20 minutes, and specifically for about 3 to about 15 minutes.

[0058] The curing step (iv) can be carried out using any heating technique, including conventional techniques as well as innovative techniques such as the quick-step or lock-tool process. The time required to cure the resin composition (RC) (e.g., a liquid mixture) depends on its composition and curing temperature, and is typically in the range of about 1 hour to about 20 hours. The curing step (iv) may include different curing cycles. Those skilled in the art can easily determine suitable curing conditions based on the guidelines given by the following examples.

[0059] In one embodiment, in step (iv), a temperature of about 30 to about 150°C is applied, preferably about 40 to about 140°C, more preferably about 50 to about 130°C, and in particular about 60 to about 125°C. Preferably, the curing in step (iv) is carried out for a maximum of about 48 hours, more preferably about 0.1 to about 48 hours, even more preferably about 0.2 to about 24 hours, and in particular about 0.3 to about 8 hours.

[0060] The temperature change between process (iii) and process (iv) can be achieved by a gentle gradient. In one embodiment, the method further includes step (v) of post-curing the product obtained in step (iv). Post-curing can be carried out using any heating technique, including innovative techniques in addition to the conventional technique, preferably at a temperature up to about 300°C and preferably for a maximum of about 10 hours. Post-curing is preferably carried out at a temperature of about 150 to about 300°C, more preferably at a temperature of about 180 to about 300°C, even more preferably at a temperature of about 180 to about 250°C, and specifically at a temperature of about 180 to about 230°C. In this regard, post-curing is preferably carried out for about 0.1 to 10 hours, more preferably for about 0.5 to about 9 hours, and specifically for about 3 to about 9 hours or about 1 to about 6 hours. Post-curing may include different curing cycles. Those skilled in the art can easily determine suitable post-curing conditions based on the guidelines given by the following examples.

[0061] In one embodiment, this method is (i) A step of providing a resin composition (RC) which is a liquid mixture; (ii) A step of providing a fiber structure and setting the fiber structure in a mold or on a substrate; (iii) Impregnating the fiber structure with the liquid mixture, optionally at a temperature of about 20 to about 95°C, by applying increased pressure and / or exhausting air from the mold and fiber structure; (iv) A step of curing the liquid mixture by applying a temperature of approximately 30 to approximately 150°C for a period of time sufficient to cure the liquid mixture; and (v) Optionally, a step to further cure the product obtained in step (iv). Includes.

[0062] In the curing step (iv), the temperature and time are preferably sufficient to achieve a degree of conversion that allows the part to be removed from the mold. In one embodiment, the fiber-reinforced component obtained in step (iv) is subjected to a temperature preferably higher than 100°C after step (iv). g Value (T via TMA measurement) g T g The high-temperature resistance is indicated by the value. In a preferred embodiment, the fiber-reinforced part obtained in step (iv) is subjected to a temperature of about 100 to about 220°C. g Value (T via TMA measurement) g Determined by the onset; preferably about 110 to about 200°C. g The value is approximately 120-160°C. g Present the value. Generally, T g It may also be determined by tanδ measurement via DMA.

[0063] The curing step (iv) can be carried out by irradiation, such as UV-Vis light irradiation having a wavelength of preferably 10 to 500 nm, more preferably 100 to 450 nm, and specifically 280 to 400 nm. The resin composition (RC) is irradiated for preferably 0.1 to 3 hours, preferably 0.1 to 2.5 hours, more preferably 0.2 to 2 hours, and even more preferably 0.4 to 1.2 hours.

[0064] The post-curing step (v) may be performed immediately after the curing cycle and / or after the part has been removed from the mold (freestanding). Preferably, post-curing is performed by independently applying temperatures sufficient to achieve a very high degree of conversion and optimal heat resistance, respectively.

[0065] In one embodiment, the fiber-reinforced part obtained in step (v) is subjected to a temperature higher than approximately 170°C after step (v). g Value (T via TMA measurement) g T (determined by onset), preferably higher than about 180°C g For specific values, T is higher than 200℃. g The values ​​are presented. In a preferred embodiment, the fiber-reinforced part obtained in step (v) is heated to approximately 170 to approximately 400°C. g Value (T via TMA measurement) g The temperature is determined by the onset; preferably around 180 to 350°C. g For specific values, use a temperature range of approximately 190 to 300°C. g Present the value.

[0066] In one embodiment, the fiber-reinforced component has a dissipation coefficient (Df) value of approximately 0.0001 to approximately 0.004. In one embodiment, the fiber-reinforced component has a dielectric constant (Dk) value of approximately 1.5 to approximately 3 at 1 to 50 GHz.

[0067] In one embodiment, Y is independently vinylbenzyl, propenylbenzene, ethenylbenzene, (methyl)ethenylbenzene, styrenyl, allyl, propargyl, butenyl, or benzyl, preferably independently allyl or benzyl.

[0068] In one embodiment, Y is independently,

[0069] [ka]

[0070] The group is selected from the group consisting of these and their isomers. In one embodiment, Y is independently,

[0071] [ka]

[0072] The group is selected from the group consisting of these and their isomers. In one embodiment, at least one Y is

[0073] [ka]

[0074] That is the case. One embodiment, Y is independent,

[0075] [ka]

[0076] The group is selected from the group consisting of these and their isomers. In one embodiment, Y is independently a C2-C20 alkenyl, a C2-C20 alkynyl, or a C8-C20 alkenylaryl, preferably a C2-C12 alkenyl, a C2-C12 alkynyl, or a C8-C18 alkenylaryl, more preferably a C2-C8 alkenyl, a C2-C8 alkynyl, or a C8-C12 alkenylaryl, and more specifically a C2-C4 alkenyl or a C8-C12 alkenylaryl.

[0077] One embodiment, R 7 is a methylene group (CH2) and / or R 8 These are, independently, bonded, substituted or unsubstituted C6 aromatic groups, substituted or unsubstituted C10 aromatic groups, or substituted or unsubstituted C12 aromatic groups.

[0078] Preferably, the substituted or unsubstituted C6 aromatic group is unsubstituted phenylene or phenylene substituted with, for example, hydroxyl and / or halogen (e.g., fluorine), such as tetrafluorophenylene.

[0079] Preferably, the substituted or unsubstituted C10 aromatic group is a substituted C10 aromatic group, for example, a C10 aromatic group substituted with hydroxyl and / or halogen (e.g., fluorine), and is preferably a divalent naphthol.

[0080] Preferably, the substituted or unsubstituted C12 aromatic group is a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene-phenylene group. One embodiment, r is independently 0 or an integer between 1 and 3, more preferably 0, 1, or 2, and specifically 0 or 1.

[0081] One embodiment, u is independently 0 or an integer between 1 and 200, preferably u is 0 or an integer between 1 and 100, and specifically u is 0 or an integer between 1 and 50; and / or q is an integer between 1 and 4, preferably between 1 and 3, more preferably an integer of 1 or 2, and specifically 1.

[0082] In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HRC) is a.1) Hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by formula (A1)

[0083] [ka]

[0084] (In the formula, R 1 These are independently a methylene group (CH2) or a methylene group substituted with one or more -CH3 groups or halogens. R 2 These are bonded, or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkylenes. R 3These are independently a methylene group (CH2) or a methylene group substituted with one or more -CH3 groups or halogens. R 4 These are independently bonded, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkylenes, C4-C20 aromatic groups, or saturated or unsaturated C4-C20 cyclic groups. X is independently a functional group having at least one non-aromatic alkene, alkyne, C1-C13 alkyl, or aromatic moiety. p is an independent integer between 1 and 5. r is independently either 0 or an integer between 1 and 4. w is an integer from 0 to 50, and if w is 0, the area in parentheses represents association. Includes.

[0085] In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HRC) is a.2) Hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by formula (A2)

[0086] [ka]

[0087] (In the formula, R 3 These are independently a methylene group (CH2) or a methylene group substituted with one or more -CH3 groups or halogens. R 4 These are independently bonded, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkylenes, C4-C20 aromatic groups, or saturated or unsaturated C4-C20 cyclic groups. R 5 These are independently a methylene group (CH2) or a methylene group substituted with one or more -CH3 groups or halogens. R 6 These are substituted or unsubstituted C4-C20 aromatic groups, or saturated or unsaturated C4-C20 cyclic groups. X is independently a functional group having at least one non-aromatic alkene, alkyne, C1-C13 alkyl, or aromatic moiety. p is an independent integer between 1 and 5. r is independently either 0 or an integer between 1 and 4. w is an integer from 0 to 50, and if w is 0, the area in parentheses represents association. Includes.

[0088] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HRC) is (A1) to (A3) a.1) Hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by formula (A1)

[0089] [ka]

[0090] (In the formula, R 1 These are independently a methylene group (CH2) or a methylene group substituted with one or more -CH3 groups or halogens. R 2 These are bonded, or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkylenes. R 3 These are independently a methylene group (CH2) or a methylene group substituted with one or more -CH3 groups or halogens. R 4 These are independently bonded, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkylenes, C4-C20 aromatic groups, or saturated or unsaturated C4-C20 cyclic groups. X is independently a functional group having at least one non-aromatic alkene, alkyne, C1-C13 alkyl, or aromatic moiety. p is an independent integer between 1 and 5. r is independently either 0 or an integer between 1 and 4. w is an integer from 0 to 50, and if w is 0, the area in parentheses represents association. a.2) Hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by formula (A2)

[0091] [ka]

[0092] (In the formula, R 3 These are independently a methylene group (CH2) or a methylene group substituted with one or more -CH3 groups or halogens. R 4 These are independently bonded, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkylenes, C4-C20 aromatic groups, or saturated or unsaturated C4-C20 cyclic groups. R 5 These are independently a methylene group (CH2) or a methylene group substituted with one or more -CH3 groups or halogens. R 6 These are substituted or unsubstituted C4-C20 aromatic groups, or saturated or unsaturated C4-C20 cyclic groups. X is independently a functional group having at least one non-aromatic alkene, alkyne, C1-C13 alkyl, or aromatic moiety. p is an independent integer between 1 and 5. r is independently either 0 or an integer between 1 and 4. w is an integer from 0 to 50, and if w is 0, the area in parentheses represents association); and a.3) Hydrocarbon resins having polymers, prepolymers, or oligomers derived from the structure defined by formula (A3)

[0093] [ka]

[0094] (In the formula, R 7 These are independently a methylene group (CH2), or a methylene group substituted with one or more -CH3 or halogen functional groups. R 8 These are independently bonded, linear or branched, linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, aliphatic or aromatic groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Y is independently a functional group having at least one non-aromatic alkene, alkyne, C1-C13 alkyl, or aromatic moiety. q is an integer between 1 and 5. r is independently either 0 or an integer between 1 and 4. u is an independent integer that is either 0, greater than or equal to 1, and if u is 0, the region in parentheses represents association. n is an integer that is either 0, greater than or equal to 1, and if n is 0, the region in parentheses represents association. It includes at least two of the following.

[0095] In line with the above, a person skilled in the art would know R 1 ~R 8 You will understand that it is a divalent group, meaning that each group has two binding sites to the rest of the molecule.

[0096] In one embodiment, X and / or Y are independently vinylbenzyl, propenylbenzene, ethenylbenzene, (methyl)ethenylbenzene, styrenyl, allyl, propargyl, butenyl, or benzyl, preferably independently allyl or benzyl.

[0097] In one embodiment, X and / or Y are independently

[0098] [ka]

[0099] The group is selected from the group consisting of these and their isomers. In one embodiment, X and / or Y are independently

[0100] [ka]

[0101] The group is selected from the group consisting of these and their isomers. In one embodiment, at least one X and / or Y is

[0102] [ka]

[0103] That is the case. In one embodiment, X and / or Y are independently

[0104] [ka]

[0105] The group is selected from the group consisting of these and their isomers. In one embodiment, X and / or Y are independently a C2-C20 alkenyl, a C2-C20 alkynyl, or a C8-C20 alkenylaryl, preferably a C2-C12 alkenyl, a C2-C12 alkynyl, or a C8-C18 alkenylaryl, more preferably a C2-C8 alkenyl, a C2-C8 alkynyl, or a C8-C12 alkenylaryl, and more specifically a C2-C4 alkenyl or a C8-C12 alkenylaryl.

[0106] One embodiment, R 1 , R 3 , R 5 , and R 7 is a methylene group (CH2) and / or R4 and R 8 These are, independently, bonded, substituted or unsubstituted C6 aromatic groups, substituted or unsubstituted C10 aromatic groups, or substituted or unsubstituted C12 aromatic groups.

[0107] Preferably, the substituted or unsubstituted C6 aromatic group is unsubstituted phenylene or phenylene substituted with, for example, hydroxyl and / or halogen (e.g., fluorine), such as tetrafluorophenylene.

[0108] Preferably, the substituted or unsubstituted C10 aromatic group is a substituted C10 aromatic group, for example, a substituted C10 aromatic group substituted with hydroxyl and / or halogen (e.g., fluorine), and is preferably a divalent naphthol.

[0109] Preferably, the substituted or unsubstituted C12 aromatic group is a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene-phenylene group. In one embodiment, R 2 is either a bond or a C1-C10 alkylene, preferably a bond or a C1-C5 alkylene, more preferably a bond or a C1-C2 alkylene, and specifically a bond.

[0110] One embodiment, R 6 This is a substituted or unsubstituted C4-C18 aromatic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C4-C16 saturated or unsaturated cyclic group, preferably a substituted or unsubstituted C4-C16 aromatic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C4-C10 saturated or unsaturated cyclic group, more preferably a substituted or unsubstituted C6 aromatic group, a substituted or unsubstituted C10 aromatic group, a substituted or unsubstituted C12 aromatic group, a substituted or unsubstituted C13 aromatic group, a substituted or unsubstituted C14 aromatic group, a substituted or unsubstituted C5 saturated cyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C6 saturated cyclic group, more specifically a substituted or unsubstituted C6 aromatic group, a substituted C10 aromatic group, or a C12 aromatic group.

[0111] One embodiment, w is 0 or an integer between 1 and 20, preferably w is 0 or an integer between 1 and 5, specifically w is 0; and / or p is an integer between 1 and 4, preferably between 1 and 3, more preferably an integer of 1 or 2, specifically 1; and / or r is independently an integer between 0 and 3, more preferably 0, 1, or 2, and specifically 0 or 1.

[0112] In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) is a.1) Hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by formula (A1)

[0113] [ka]

[0114] Includes. In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) is a.1) Hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by formula (A1-1)

[0115] [ka]

[0116] Includes. In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) is a.2) Hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by formula (A2)

[0117] [ka]

[0118] Includes. In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) comprises (A2), where R 6 is a substituted C6 aromatic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C12 aromatic group, preferably R 5is a methylene group (CH2), and more preferably, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) is a.2) Hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by formula (A2-2)

[0119] [ka]

[0120] and / or Hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by formula (A2-3)

[0121] [ka]

[0122] Includes. Regarding this point, R 6 A hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) containing (A2) which is a substituted C6 aromatic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C12 aromatic group, is R 6 It will be understood that the material may include at least one different hydrocarbon resin (A2) in which is a substituted or unsubstituted C4-C20 aromatic group, or a saturated or unsaturated C4-C20 cyclic group, for example, a hydrocarbon resin having a structure defined by formula (A2-1).

[0123] In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) is a.2) Structure defined by equation (A2-1)

[0124] [ka]

[0125] It contains hydrocarbon resins having the properties of [unclear]. In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) is a.2) Structure defined by equation (A2-2)

[0126] [ka]

[0127] It contains hydrocarbon resins having the properties of [unclear]. In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) is a.2) Structure defined by equation (A2-3)

[0128] [ka]

[0129] It contains hydrocarbon resins having the properties of [unclear]. In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) is The structure defined by equation (A2-1)

[0130] [ka]

[0131] A hydrocarbon resin having, and The structure defined by equation (A2-3)

[0132] [ka]

[0133] hydrocarbon resins Includes. In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) is a.3) Structure defined by equation (A3)

[0134] [ka]

[0135] This includes hydrocarbon resins having polymers, prepolymers, or oligomers derived from. In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) comprises at least (A1) and (A2).

[0136] In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) comprises hydrocarbon resins having structures defined by at least two different formulas (A2). These at least two different hydrocarbon resins comprise at least one portion (R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 They differ in X, p, r, and w, and may be described as (A2-X) and (A2-Y). Preferably, at least two different hydrocarbon resins may be a hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by formula (A2-1) and a hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by formula (A2-3). The at least two different hydrocarbon resins (A2-X) and (A2-Y), if present, generally have a weight ratio of 100:1 to 1:100, preferably 50:1 to 1:15, more preferably 10:1 to 1:10, for example, a weight ratio of 4:1 to 1:4, or 3:1 to 1:3, or 2:1 to 1:2, or 1.5:1 to 1:1.5, or 1.2:1 to 1:1.2. In this regard, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) may also contain (A1).

[0137] In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) comprises a hydrocarbon resin having a polymer, prepolymer, or oligomer derived from at least the structure defined by formula (A1) and formula (A3).

[0138] In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) comprises a hydrocarbon resin having a polymer, prepolymer, or oligomer derived from at least the structure defined by formula (A2) and formula (A3).

[0139] In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) comprises a hydrocarbon resin having polymers, prepolymers, or oligomers derived from structures defined by (A1), (A2), and formula (A3).

[0140] In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HCR) comprises a hydrocarbon resin having polymers, prepolymers, or oligomers derived from structures defined by (A1), (A2-X), (A2-Y), and formula (A3).

[0141] In one embodiment, there exists a polymer, prepolymer, or oligomer derived from a hydrocarbon resin having a structure defined by formula (A3), wherein preferably, u is independently 0 or an integer between 1 and 200, preferably u is 0 or an integer between 1 and 100, and specifically u is 0 or an integer between 1 and 50; and / or q is an integer between 1 and 4, preferably between 1 and 3, more preferably an integer of 1 or 2, and specifically 1.

[0142] In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HRC) comprises a hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by formula (A1) and a hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by formula (A2) in a weight ratio of 100:1 to 1:100, preferably 50:1 to 1:15, more preferably 10:1 to 1:10, for example, 4:1 to 1:4, or 3:1 to 1:3, or 2:1 to 1:2, or 1.5:1 to 1:1.5, or 1.2:1 to 1:1.2.

[0143] In one preferred embodiment, the resin composition (RC) substantially comprises, and preferably consists of, a hydrocarbon resin composition (HRC) derived from a hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by formula (A3).

[0144] In another preferred embodiment, the resin composition (RC) is b) At least one bifunctional or polyfunctional resin (B), preferably a polyfunctional resin (B) selected from the group consisting of epoxy resins, oxetane resins, bismaleimide resins, cyanate ester resins, diene resins, bisbenzocyclobutene-based (BCB) resins, poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO) resins, and mixtures thereof. Includes.

[0145] In this regard, a resin composition (RC) comprising a hydrocarbon resin composition (HRC) and at least one bifunctional or polyfunctional resin (B) will be understood to be a blend.

[0146] Any suitable epoxy resin, oxetane resin, bismaleimide resin, cyanate ester resin, diene resin, bisbenzocyclobutene-based (BCB) resin and / or poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO) resin can be used.

[0147] In one embodiment, the epoxy resin is an epoxy resin of formula (IIa), an epoxy resin of formula (IIb), an epoxy resin of formula (IIc) and oligomer mixtures thereof, an epoxy resin of formula (IId), an epoxy resin of formula (IIe), an epoxy resin of formula (IIf), an epoxy resin of formula (IIg), or an epoxy resin of formula (IIh);

[0148] [ka]

[0149] (In the formula, Q 1 and Q 2 R is independently oxygen or -N(G)-, where G is oxyranylmethyl and R is 16 ~R 19 This is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, linear C1-C10 haloalkyl, branched C4-C10 alkyl, branched C4-C10 haloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, halogenated C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, halogen, phenyl, and phenoxy.

[0150]

Chem.

[0151] (wherein, Q 3 and Q 4 are, independently, oxygen or -N(G)-, G is oxiranylmethyl, R 20 ~R 27 are, independently, selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, linear C1-C10 haloalkyl, branched C4-C10 alkyl, branched C4-C10 haloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, halogenated C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, halogen, phenyl and phenoxy, Z 2 represents a direct bond or a divalent moiety selected from the group consisting of -O-, -S-, -S(=O)-, -S(=O)2-, -CH(CH3)-, -C(CH3)2-, -C(=O)-, -C(=CH2)-, -C(=CCl2)-, -Si(CH3)2-, linear C1-C10 alkanediyl, branched C4-C10 alkanediyl, C3-C8 cycloalkanediyl, 1,2-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, 1,4-phenylene, glycidyloxyphenylmethylene and -N(R 28 )-, and R 28 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, linear C1-C10 haloalkyl, branched C4-C10 alkyl, branched C4-C10 haloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, phenyl and phenoxy); and

[0152]

Chem.

[0153] (wherein, m is an integer from 1 to 20, Q 5 is oxygen or -N(G)-, G is oxiranylmethyl, R 29 and R 30is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, and branched C4-C10 alkyl);

[0154]

Chemical formula

[0155] (where n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 20); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers or mixtures;

[0156]

Chemical formula

[0157] (where n is an integer from 1 to 20; R 31 ~R 36 are the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, branched C3-C10 alkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, and branched C3-C10 alkenyl); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers or mixtures;

[0158]

Chemical formula

[0159] (where n is an integer from 1 to 20; R 31 ~R 33 、R 35 、and R 36 are the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, branched C3-C10 alkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, and branched C3-C10 alkenyl); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers or mixtures;

[0160]

Chemical formula

[0161] (where n is an integer from 1 to 20; R 37 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, branched C3-C10 alkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, and branched C3-C10 alkenyl); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers or mixtures;

[0162] [Chemical formula]

[0163] (where n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 20; R 38 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, branched C3-C10 alkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, and branched C3-C10 alkenyl); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers or mixtures, and is selected from the group consisting of naphthalenediol diglycidyl ether.

[0164] In one embodiment, the epoxy resin is selected from the group consisting of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether resin, bisphenol F diglycidyl ether resin, N,N,O-triglycidyl-3-aminophenol, N,N,O-triglycidyl-4-aminophenol, N,N,N',N'-tetraglycidyl-4,4'-methylenebisbenzeneamine, 4,4',4''-methylidynetrisphenol triglycidyl ether resin, naphthalenediol diglycidyl ether, and mixtures thereof.

[0165] In one embodiment, the epoxy resin is as follows:

[0166] [Chemical formula]

[0167] includes at least one of the following, where n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 20. In one embodiment, the bismaleimide resin is a bismaleimide resin of formula (IIIa), a bismaleimide resin of formula (IIIb), a bismaleimide resin of formula (IIIc), a bismaleimide resin of formula (IIId), and a bismaleimide resin of formula (IIIe)

[0168] [ka]

[0169] (wherein a to j are the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogens, linear C1 to C10 alkyls, branched C3 to C10 alkyls, linear C2 to C10 alkenyls, and branched C3 to C10 alkenyls); and their oligomers, prepolymers, polymers, or mixtures;

[0170] [ka]

[0171] (wherein k to m are the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogens, linear C1-C10 alkyls, branched C3-C10 alkyls, linear C2-C10 alkenyls, and branched C3-C10 alkenyls); and their oligomers, prepolymers, polymers, or mixtures;

[0172] [ka]

[0173] (wherein n is an integer from 1 to 20, and R, Z, and Y are the same or different and independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogens, linear C1-C10 alkyls, branched C3-C10 alkyls, linear C2-C10 alkenyls, and branched C3-C10 alkenyls); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers, or mixtures;

[0174] [ka]

[0175] (where n is an integer from 1 to 20, and Rx, Ry, Rz, and Rw are the same or different and independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, branched C3-C10 alkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, and branched C3-C10 alkenyl); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers or mixtures;

[0176]

Chemical formula

[0177] (where * and ** each represent a covalent bond to the respective C atom represented by the residue * and ** respectively, and the residues are the same or different and independently

[0178]

Chemical formula

[0179] selected from, where R is alkylene, divalent cycloalkyl, divalent alkyne, divalent aryl, divalent aralkyl, divalent alkaryl, or divalent bisaralkyl, Ra to Rc are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, linear C1-C10 haloalkyl, branched C4-C10 alkyl, branched C4-C10 haloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, halogenated C3-C8 cycloalkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, branched C3-C10 alkenyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, halogen, phenyl and phenoxy, or Alternatively, Ra and Rb, Ra and Rc, or Rb and Rc may together form a 3- to 8-membered cycloalkyl or 3- to 8-membered cycloalkenyl); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers or mixtures. Selected from the group consisting of substituted bisimides.

[0180] In one embodiment, the bismaleimide resin is at least:

[0181] [ka]

[0182] Includes. In one embodiment, the cyanate ester resin is a difunctional cyanate ester compound of formula (Ia), a polyfunctional cyanate ester of formula (Ib), a polyfunctional cyanate ester of formula (Ic), a polyfunctional cyanate ester of formula (Id), a polyfunctional cyanate ester of formula (Ie), and a polyfunctional cyanate ester of formula (If).

[0183] [ka]

[0184] (In the formula, R 1 ~R 8 These are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, linear C1-C10 haloalkyl, branched C4-C10 alkyl, branched C4-C10 haloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, halogenated C3-C8 cycloalkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, branched C3-C10 alkenyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, halogen, phenyl, and phenoxy; R 1 ~R 8 At least one of them is selected from the group consisting of linear C2-C10 alkenyls and branched C3-C10 alkenyls; Z 1represents a divalent moiety selected from the group consisting of a direct bond or -O-, -S-, -S(=O)-, -S(=O)2-, -CH2-, -CH(CH3)-, -C(CH3)2-, -CH(CH3)-, -C(CH3)2-, -C(=O)-, -C(=CH2)-, -C(=CCl2)-, -Si(CH3)2-, linear C1-C10 alkanediyl, branched C4-C10 alkanediyl, C3-C8 cycloalkanediyl, 1,2-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, 1,4-phenylene, -N(R 13 )-, and R 13 is hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, linear C1-C10 haloalkyl, branched C4-C10 alkyl, branched C4-C10 haloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, phenyl and phenoxy, and a group consisting of the moieties of the formula

[0185]

Chemical formula

[0186] wherein X is independently selected from hydrogen and halogen); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers or mixtures;

[0187]

Chemical formula

[0188] (wherein / / 这里的“ / / ”是为了区分格式,实际翻译时不需要添加 n is an integer from 1 to 20; R 10 and R 11 are the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, branched C4-C10 alkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, and branched C3-C10 alkenyl); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers or mixtures;

[0189]

Chemical formula

[0190] (In the formula, n is an integer between 1 and 20; R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 These are identical or distinct, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, branched C3-C10 alkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, and branched C3-C10 alkenyl); and their oligomers, prepolymers, polymers, or mixtures;

[0191] [ka]

[0192] (In the formula, n is an integer between 1 and 20; R 34 , R 35 and R 36 These are identical or distinct, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, branched C3-C10 alkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, and branched C3-C10 alkenyl); and their oligomers, prepolymers, polymers, or mixtures;

[0193] [ka]

[0194] (wherein n is an integer between 1 and 20; R 37 (Selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, branched C3-C10 alkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, and branched C3-C10 alkenyl); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers, or mixtures;

[0195] [ka]

[0196] (In the formula, n is an integer between 1 and 20); and its oligomer, prepolymer, polymer, or mixture. The group is selected from the group consisting of mixtures thereof.

[0197] In one embodiment, the diene resin is selected from the group consisting of butadiene homopolymer, butadiene styrene copolymer, maleate-oxidized polybutadiene, and mixtures thereof.

[0198] In one embodiment, the butadiene homopolymer has formula (IVa), the butadiene styrene copolymer has formula (IVb), and the malein-oxidized polybutadiene has formula (IVc) and / or (IVd):

[0199] [ka]

[0200] (In the formula, x, y, and z are identical or distinct, independently 0 or integers between 1 and 500, and the sum of x + y + z is at least 10.

[0201] [ka]

[0202] (In the formula, x, y, z, and w are identical or distinct, independently 0 or integers between 1 and 500, and the sum of x + y + z + w is at least 10.

[0203] [ka]

[0204] (In the formula, x, y, z, and w are identical or distinct, independently, and are either 0 or integers between 1 and 500, and the sum of x + y + z + w is at least 10.

[0205] [ka]

[0206] (In the formula, x, y, z, and w are identical or distinct, independently 0 or integers between 1 and 500, and the sum of x + y + z + w is at least 10.

[0207] In one embodiment, the poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO) resin is a PPO resin with functionalized end groups. In one embodiment, poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO) resin is given by formula (V):

[0208] [ka]

[0209] A polyphenylene oxide resin having a structure represented by, In the formulas, b is a positive integer, and X is selected from any one of formulas (VI) to (VIII) or any combination thereof:

[0210] [ka]

[0211] Y is given by equation (IX):

[0212] [ka]

[0213] It has a structure represented by, In the formula, m and n independently represent positive integers from 1 to 30; R 1 ~R 16 A is independently selected from H, -CH3, and halogen atoms; A is selected from covalent bonds, -CH2-, -CH(CH3)-, -C(CH3)2-, -O-, -S-, -SO2, and carbonyl groups, preferably selected from CH2-, -CH(CH3)-, -C(CH3)2-, -O-, -S-, -SO2, and carbonyl groups; Z is given by equation (X), (XI), or (XII):

[0214] [ka]

[0215] Or having a structure of a combination thereof, preferably having a structure of formula (X) or (XII) or a combination thereof, In the formula, R 17 ~R 23 Q is independently selected from H, -CH3, and halogen atoms, while Q and W are independently aliphatic groups.

[0216] Suitable poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO) resins include SA-90: a polyphenylene oxide with dihydroxyl terminus available from SABIC; SA-9000: a bisphenol A polyphenylene oxide resin with methacrylic acid terminus available from SABIC; and OPE-2st: a polyphenylene oxide resin with bis(vinylbenzyl) terminus available from Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Inc.

[0217] In one embodiment, the resin composition (RC) comprises at least two difunctional or polyfunctional resins (B), namely, a difunctional or polyfunctional resin (B1) and a difunctional or polyfunctional resin (B2) different from the difunctional or polyfunctional resin (B1), for example, (B1) being an epoxy resin and (B2) being a bismaleimide resin. However, (B1) and (B2) may have similar functional groups but differ in, for example, substitution patterns and / or molecular weights, namely, (B1) and (B2) may both be, for example, different epoxy resins. If the resin composition (RC) comprises at least two bifunctional or polyfunctional resins (B), then (B1) and (B2) are preferably present in the resin composition (RC) in a weight ratio of about 100:1 to about 1:100, preferably about 50:1 to about 1:50, for example, about 10:1 to about 1:5, or about 8:1 to about 1:1, or about 6:1 to about 3:1.

[0218] In one embodiment, the resin composition (RC) is a) A hydrocarbon resin composition (HRC) containing approximately 9.99 to approximately 99.99 wt%, preferably approximately 9.9 to approximately 99.9 wt%, more preferably approximately 19.5 to approximately 96.5 wt%, and specifically approximately 50 to approximately 91 wt%; b) At least one bifunctional or polyfunctional resin (B) in an amount of about 0 to about 90 wt%, preferably about 0 to about 85 wt%, more preferably about 3 to about 80 wt%, and specifically about 8 to about 49 wt%; and c) Approximately 0.01 to approximately 25 wt%, preferably approximately 0.1 to approximately 20 wt%, more preferably approximately 0.5 to approximately 15 wt%, and specifically approximately 1 to approximately 6 wt% of catalyst (C) Includes, Each wt% is based on the total weight of the resin composition (RC), preferably the total dry weight of the resin composition (RC).

[0219] In one embodiment, the resin composition (RC) is a) A hydrocarbon resin composition (HRC) containing approximately 80.9 to approximately 99.9 wt%, preferably approximately 90.5 to approximately 99.5 wt%, and specifically approximately 95 to approximately 91 wt%; and c) Approximately 0.1 to approximately 19.1 wt%, preferably approximately 0.5 to approximately 9.5 wt%, and specifically approximately 1 to approximately 5 wt% of catalyst (C) Includes, Each wt% is based on the total weight of the resin composition (RC), preferably the total dry weight of the resin composition (RC).

[0220] In one embodiment, the resin composition (RC) comprises, based on the total weight of the resin composition (RC), at least 25 wt%, for example, at least 30 wt%, or at least 35 wt%, or at least 40 wt%, or at least 45 wt%, or at least 50 wt%, or at least 60 wt%, or at least 65 wt%, or at least 70 wt%, or at least 75 wt%, or at least 80 wt%, or at least 85 wt%, or at least 90 wt%, or at least 95 wt%, or at least 95 wt%, of a hydrocarbon resin composition (HRC). In one embodiment, the resin composition (RC) comprises up to 99.9 wt%, for example, up to 98 wt%, or up to 95 wt%, or up to 90 wt%, or up to 85 wt%, or up to 80 wt%, or up to 75 wt%, or up to 70 wt%, or up to 65 wt%, or up to 60 wt%, or up to 55 wt%, or up to 50 wt%, based on the total weight of the resin composition (RC).

[0221] In one embodiment, the catalyst (C) is present in the resin composition (RC) in an amount of about 0.1 to 20 wt%, preferably about 0.3 to about 15 wt%, for example, about 0.5 to about 10 wt%, or about 1 to about 6 wt%, or about 1 to about 4 wt%, based on the total weight of the hydrocarbon resin composition (HRC).

[0222] In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon resin composition (HRC) and at least one bifunctional or polyfunctional resin (B) have a weight ratio of about 99:1 to about 10:90, preferably about 95:5 to about 20:80, for example, about 92:8 to about 40:60, or about 90:10 to about 60:30.

[0223] In one embodiment, the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of radical initiators and Lewis acid catalysts. In one embodiment, the catalyst is a photoinitiator, preferably selected from the group consisting of radical initiators, Lewis acid catalysts, and mixtures thereof.

[0224] As an example of a usable catalyst, it is preferable to use a radical initiator for the purpose of promoting the self-polymerization of radically polymerizable curable resins such as olefin compounds or maleimide resins, or radical polymerization with other components. Examples of usable radical initiators, but not limited to, known curing accelerators include: ketone peroxides, e.g., methyl ethyl ketone peroxide and acetylacetone peroxide; diacyl peroxides, e.g., benzoyl peroxide; dialkyl peroxides, e.g., dicumyl peroxide and 1,3-bis(t-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene; peroxyketals, e.g., t-butylperoxybenzoate and 1,1-di-t-butylperoxycyclohexane; alkyl peresters, e.g., α-cumylperoxyneodecanoate, t-butylperoxyneodecanoate, t-butylperoxypivalate, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, t-methylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, t-butylperoxy-2-ethyl Examples include hexanoates, t-amylperoxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate, t-butylperoxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate, and t-amylperoxybenzoate; peroxycarbonates, such as di-2-ethylhexylperoxydicarbonate, bis(4-t-butylcyclohexyl)peroxydicarbonate, t-butylperoxyisopropylcarbonate, and 1,6-bis(t-butylperoxycarbonyloxy)hexane; organic peroxides, such as t-butylhydroperoxide, cumenehydroperoxide, t-butylperoxyoctoate, and lauroylperoxide; and azo compounds, such as azobisisobutyronitrile, 4,4'-azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid), and 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile). Ketone peroxides, diacyl peroxides, hydroperoxides, dialkyl peroxides, peroxyketals, alkyl peresters, and percarbonates are preferred, with dialkyl peroxides being more preferred.The amount of radical initiator added is preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 0.01 to 3 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the resin composition. If the amount of radical initiator used is too large, the molecular weight will not increase sufficiently during the polymerization reaction.

[0225] In one embodiment, the radical initiator is selected from the group consisting of dialkyl peroxides, diacyl peroxides, azo compounds, and mixtures thereof, and / or the Lewis acid catalyst is selected from the group consisting of cationic thermal acid generators, cationic photoacid generators, and mixtures thereof.

[0226] Suitable Lewis acid catalysts include, but are not limited to, cationic thermal acid generators, cationic photoacid generators, or other Lewis acid catalysts, such as, but are not limited to, transition metal complexes, boron compounds, aluminum compounds, titanium compounds, or tin compounds.

[0227] Other suitable Lewis acid catalysts include boron compounds, aluminum compounds, titanium compounds, tin compounds, and transition metal compounds known in the art. Particularly suitable Lewis acid initiators include bis(4-dodecylphenyl)iodonium hexafluoroantimonate, e.g., SpeedCure 937 available from Arkema; ​​bis-(4-t-butylphenyl)-iodonium hexafluorophosphate, e.g., SpeedCure 938 available from Arkema; ​​4-isopropyl-4'-methyldiphenyliodonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, e.g., SpeedCure 939 available from Arkema; ​​and (sulfandiyldibenzene-4,1-diyl)bis(diphenylsulfonium)bis(hexafluoroantimonate), e.g., SpeedCure 976 available from Arkema; ​​and stannous octanoate, e.g., Reaxis C129 available from Reaxis. Lewis acid initiators may be added at any level suitable for carrying out sufficient polymerization, ranging from ppm to 5 wt%, depending on the initiator used. Lewis acid initiators may be combined with other Lewis acid initiators or other suitable catalysts of the class as required to influence polymerization.

[0228] Suitable radical initiators include, but are not limited to, dialkyl peroxides, diacyl peroxides, and azo compounds. Particularly suitable radical initiators include dicumyl peroxide and 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexyn-3 (Trigonox 145-E85). Radical initiators may be added at any level suitable for carrying out sufficient polymerization, ranging from ppm to 5 wt%, depending on the initiator used. Radical initiators may be combined with other radical initiators or other suitable catalysts of a different class as required to affect polymerization.

[0229] Cationic thermoacid generators and photoacid generators produce strong acids when activated at elevated temperatures or when they absorb specific energy wavelengths. Suitable cationic thermoacid generators and photoacid generators include onium salts, such as iodonium and sulfonium salts. Suitable catalysts, but not limited to these, include diaryliodonium or triarylsulfonium compounds paired with anions such as BF4-, B(C6F5)4-, PF6-, AsF6-, SbF6-, and their variations.

[0230] In one embodiment, the catalyst is camphorquinone; benzophenone, benzophenone derivatives, e.g., 2,4,6-trimethylbenzophenone, 2-methylbenzophenone, 3-methylbenzophenone, 4-methylbenzophenone, 2-methoxycarbonylbenzophenone, 4,4'-bis(chloromethyl)-benzophenone, 4-chlorobenzophenone, 4-phenylbenzophenone, 3,3'-dimethyl-4-methoxy-benzophenone, [4-(4-methylphenylthio)phenyl]phenylmethanone, methyl-2-benzoylbenzoate, 3-methyl-4'-phenylbenzophenone, 2,4,6-trimethyl-4'-phenylbenzophenone, 4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone, 4,4'-bis(diethylaminoethyl)benzophenone; thioxanthone, thioxanthone derivatives, e.g., OMNIPOL Polymeric thioxanthones such as TX; ketal compounds such as benzyldimethyl ketal (IRGACURE® 651); acetophenone, acetophenone derivatives such as α-hydroxycycloalkylphenyl ketone or α-hydroxyalkylphenyl ketone, such as 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propanone (DAROCUR® 1173), 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone (IRGACURE® 184), 1-(4-dodecylbenzoyl)-1-hydroxy-1-methyl Ethane, 1-(4-isopropylbenzoyl)-1-hydroxy-1-methylethane, 1-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-phenyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propan-1-one (Irgacure® 2959), etc.; 2-hydroxy-1-{4-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propionyl)-benzyl]-phenyl}-2-methyl-propan-1-one (Irgacure® 127); 2-hydroxy-1-{4-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propionyl)-phenoxy]-phenyl}-2-methyl-propan-1-one;Dialkoxyacetophenone, α-hydroxy or α-aminoacetophenone, e.g., (4-methylthiobenzoyl)-1-methyl-1-morpholinoethane (Irgacure® 907), (4-morpholinobenzoyl)-1-benzyl-1-dimethylaminopropane (Irgacure® 369), (4-morpholinobenzoyl)-1-(4-methylbenzyl)-1-dimethylaminopropane (Irgacure® 379), (4-(2-hydroxyethyl)aminobenzoyl)-1-benzyl-1-dimethylaminopropane), (3,4-dimethoxybenzoyl)-1-benzyl Dimethyl-1-dimethylaminopropane; 4-aloyl-1,3-dioxolane; benzoin alkyl ethers and benzyl ketals, e.g., dimethylbenzyl ketal; phenylglyoxalates and their derivatives, e.g., methyl α-oxobenzene acetate; 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-ethyl oxophenylacetate; dimeric phenylglyoxalates, e.g., 1-methyl-2-[2-(2-oxo-2-phenylacetoxy)-propoxy]-ethyl oxophenylacetate (Irgacure® 754); ketosulfones, e.g., ESACURE KIP 1001M®; oxime esters, e.g., 1,2-octanedione 1-[4-(phenylthio)phenyl]-2-(0-benzoyl oxime) (Irgacure® OXEO1), ethanoone-1-[9-ethyl-6-(2-methylbenzoyl)-9H-carbazole-3-yl]-1-(O-acetyl oxime) (Irgacure® OXE02), 9H-thioxanthene-2-carboxyaldehyde 9-oxo-2-(0-acetyl oxime), peresters, benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid peresters, monoacylphosphine oxides, e.g., (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)diphenylphosphine oxide (Darocure® TPO), ethyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphenyl)phosphinate;Bisacylphosphine oxides, e.g., bis(2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl)-(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphine oxide, bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phenylphosphine oxide (Irgacure® 819), bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-2,4-dipentoxyphenylphosphine oxide, trisacylphosphine oxide, halomethyltriazines, e.g., 2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl) [Nyl)-vinyl]-4,6-bistrichloromethyl-[1,3,5]triazine, 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4,6-bistrichloromethyl-[1,3,5]triazine, 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,6-bistrichloromethyl-[1,3,5]triazine, 2-methyl-4,6-bistrichloromethyl-[1,3,5]triazine, hexaarylbisimidazole / co-initiator system, e.g., combined with 2-mercaptobenzthiazole Orthochlorohexaphenylbisimidazole, ferrocenium compounds, titanocene, e.g., bis(cyclopentadienyl)-bis(2,6-difluoro-3-pyrylphenyl)titanium (Irgacure® 784), bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phenylphosphine oxide, bis-(4-dodecylphenyl)iodonium hexafluoroantimonate in glycidyl ether, (sulfandiyldibenzase in diglycidyl ether) Selected from the group consisting of n-4,1-diyl)bis(diphenylsulfonium)bis(hexafluoroantimonate), ethylphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphinate, low-viscosity monofunctional oxetane, 1,4-bis[(3-ethyl-3-oxetanylmethoxy)methyl]benzene, 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-3-ylmethyl7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-3-carboxylate, and mixtures thereof.

[0231] In one embodiment, the resin composition further comprises a sensitizer, such as isopropyl-9H-thioxanthene-9-one (including a mixture of 2- and 4-isomers of isopropyl-9H-thioxanthene-9-one).

[0232] In one embodiment, the resin composition (RC) is a liquid mixture. In one embodiment, the resin composition (RC) has a viscosity of less than about 10,000 mPa·s at 25°C, preferably less than about 5,000 mPa·s, more preferably less than about 1,000 mPa·s, and specifically less than about 600 mPa·s. Alternatively, the resin composition (RC) preferably has a viscosity of about 5 to about 10,000 mPa·s at 25°C, more preferably about 10 to about 5,000 mPa·s, even more preferably about 20 to about 1,000 mPa·s, and specifically about 50 to about 500 mPa·s. Generally, the viscosity of the resin may be determined by a Brookfield LV viscometer equipped with a thermocell unit.

[0233] In one embodiment, the resin composition (RC) has a viscosity of less than about 5,000 mPa·s at 80°C, preferably less than about 1,000 mPa·s, more preferably less than about 800 mPa·s, and specifically less than about 300 mPa·s. Alternatively, the resin composition (RC) preferably has a viscosity of about 0.1 to about 5,000 mPa·s at 80°C, more preferably about 0.5 to about 1,000 mPa·s, even more preferably about 1 to about 800 mPa·s, and specifically about 2 to about 300 mPa·s.

[0234] In one embodiment, the resin composition (RC) further comprises additional components selected from the group consisting of (internal) release agents, fillers, reactive diluents, and mixtures thereof. The internal release agent is preferably present in an amount of 0 to 5 wt%, based on the total amount of components (HRC), (B), and (C). Examples of suitable internal release agents to be added to the resin composition (RC) (e.g., a liquid mixture) obtained in step (i) are Axel XP I PHPUL-1 (a unique synergistic blend of organic fatty acids, esters, and amine neutralizers) and Axel MoldWiz (registered trademark) INT-1850HT (a unique synergistic blend of organic fatty acids, esters, and alkanes and alkanols, supplied by Axel PlastiCS Research Laboratories, Inc., Woodside, New York, USA). Other release agents are typically rubbed onto the mold surface. Examples of such release agents include Frekote® 700-NC (a mixture of hydrogenated heavy naphtha (60-100%), dibutyl ether (10-30%), naphtha (petroleum) light alkylate (1-5%), octane (1-5%), and patented resin (1-5%); supplied by Henkel AG & Co. KGaA, Düsseldorf, Germany) or Chemlease R&B EZ (a mixture of hydrocarbon C7-C9 isoalkanes (50-700%), alkanes C9-12 iso (10-20%), low-boiling naphtha (5-10%), and hydrocarbon isoalkanes (1-2.5%); supplied by Chem-trend, Meissach-Gernlinden, Germany).

[0235] The fillers are preferably present in amounts of 0 to 40 wt%, based on the total amounts of components (HRC), (B), and (C). These may be in the form of particles, powders, spheres, chips, and / or strands, ranging in size from nanoscale to millimeters. Suitable fillers may be organic materials, e.g., thermoplastics and elastomers, or inorganic materials, e.g., glass microspheres, graphite, or silica; as well as mineral powders, preferably CaCO3, coated CaCO3, kaolin clay, SiO2 (e.g., sand), talc, graphite, corundum (α-Al2O3), wollastonite, SiC, glass microspheres, mica, calcium silicate (Ca2O4Si), MgO, anhydrous calcium sulfate (CaSO4 or anhydrite), hollow ceramic microspheres, fused mullite (Al2O3-SiO2), boron nitride (BN), vermiculite, or basalt; and mixtures thereof.

[0236] The reactive diluent is preferably present in an amount of 0 to 20 wt%, based on the amount of component (B). Examples of suitable reactive diluents are liquid monofunctional, difunctional, or trifunctional epoxy compounds derived from aliphatic or alicyclic alcohols or phenols, such as diglycidyl ethers of glycols, particularly 1,ω-alkanediols having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, such as 1,4-(diglycidyloxy)butane or 1,12-(diglycidyloxy)-dodecane, or diglycidyl ethers of neopentyl glycol, glycidyl ethers of linear or branched primary alcohols having 8 to 16 carbon atoms, such as 2-ethylhexylglycidyl ether or C8-C16 alkylglycidyl ether, or diglycidyl ethers of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol.

[0237] In one embodiment, the resin composition (RC), for example, the liquid mixture provided in step (i), contains little to no additional (non-reactive) solvent such as acetone or butanone. Preferably, the liquid mixture contains less than 20 wt%, more preferably less than 15 wt%, even more preferably less than 10 wt%, or less than 5 wt% of solvent, each percentage based on the total weight of components (HRC), (B), and (C), or most preferably, contains no solvent at all.

[0238] In one embodiment, the fiber structure provided in step (ii) is selected from the group consisting of carbon fibers, glass fibers (e.g., E glass fibers or S glass fibers), quartz fibers, boron fibers, ceramic fibers, aramid fibers (such as KEVLAR®), polyester fibers, polyethylene fibers, natural fibers (e.g., flax, hemp, jute or sisal), and mixtures thereof.

[0239] In one embodiment, the fiber structure provided in step (ii) is selected from the group consisting of strands, yarns, rovings, unidirectional fabrics, 0 / 90° fabrics, woven fabrics (multilayer or single layer), hybrid fabrics, multiaxial fabrics, chopped strand mats, tissues, braids, and combinations thereof.

[0240] The fiber structure may be pre-formed fibers. Depending on the requirements of any of the various different parts of the desired structure of the fiber-reinforced component, the fiber structure may be shredded or continuous, random or oriented, woven or nonwoven, knitted or unknitted, or braided fiber structure.

[0241] The amount of fiber structure may vary depending on the desired requirements of the fiber-reinforced component. The fiber structure content in the fiber composition (FC) or fiber-reinforced component is typically in the range of up to 60 wt% or even 95 wt% of the total weight of the fiber composition (FC) or fiber-reinforced component, respectively. In another embodiment, the fiber structure content may vary from 0.1 wt% to 60 wt%, or 80 wt% or 95 wt%, or from 1 wt% to 60 wt%, or 80 wt% or 95 wt%, or from 5 wt% to 60 wt%, or 80 wt% or 95 wt%, or from 10 wt% to 60 wt%, or 80 wt% or 95 wt%, or from 20 wt% to 60 wt%, or 80 wt% or 95 wt%, respectively.

[0242] In one embodiment, the method further includes the addition of a flame retardant. Suitable flame retardants include aluminum trihydroxy (ATH), phosphorus-containing compounds, and formula (F)

[0243] [ka]

[0244] [In the formula, X 1 ~X 8 These are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl, Z is general formula (F1) or general formula (F2)

[0245] [ka]

[0246] (In the formula, X 9 These are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl, a is an integer between 1 and 4, b is 0 or an integer between 1 and 4, and m is an integer between 1 and 4) or base;

[0247] [ka]

[0248] (In the formula, c is either 0 or an integer between 1 and 4, and n is an integer between 1 and 3.) [The base represented by] It may also be a compound defined as follows.

[0249] The phosphorus-containing compound may be a reactive compound or an addition compound. Specific examples of phosphorus-containing compounds include phosphate esters, such as trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, trixylenyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, cresyl-2,6-dixylenyl phosphate, 1,3-phenylenebis(dixylenyl phosphate), 1,4-phenylenebis(dixylenyl phosphate), and 4,4'-biphenyl(dixylenyl phosphate); phosphanes, such as 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide and 10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10H-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide; phosphorus-containing epoxy compounds obtained by reacting epoxy resins with the active hydrogen of phosphanes; and red phosphorus. Epoxy compounds containing phosphate esters, phosphans, and phosphorus are preferred, with 1,3-phenylenebis(dixylenyl phosphate), 1,4-phenylenebis(dixylenyl phosphate), 4,4'-biphenyl(dixylenyl phosphate), or phosphorus-containing epoxy compounds being particularly preferred. The content of the phosphorus-containing compound, i.e., (phosphorus-containing compound) / (total epoxy resin), is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.6 (by weight).

[0250] Suitable phosphorus-containing compounds are described below:

[0251] [ka]

[0252] In the formula, Z is

[0253] [ka]

[0254] That is the case. As mentioned above, in a second aspect, the present invention relates to fiber-reinforced components that can be obtained by the methods outlined in more detail above.

[0255] Specific embodiments (e.g., details of components, quantities, parts, and methods, e.g., with respect to time and temperature) have already been outlined above in relation to the method of the invention and are similarly applicable to fiber-reinforced parts. Specific embodiments of fiber-reinforced parts are described in more detail below. It will be understood that each embodiment is correlated in itself, and also correlated in combination with other embodiments.

[0256] T g The glass transition temperature can be measured by any method known in the industry, such as thermomechanical analysis (TMA). A preferred instrument used is the Mettler Toledo TMA SDTA840.

[0257] In one embodiment, the fiber-reinforced component is heated after step (iv) to a temperature preferably higher than 100°C. g Value (T via TMA measurement) g T (determined by onset), more preferably higher than about 110°C g For specific values, T is higher than approximately 120°C. g The high-temperature resistance is indicated by the value. In a preferred embodiment, the fiber-reinforced component is subjected to a temperature of about 100 to about 220°C after step (iv). g Value (T via TMA measurement) gThe temperature is determined by the onset; preferably around 110 to 200°C. g For specific values, use a temperature range of approximately 120 to 160°C. g Present the value.

[0258] In one embodiment, the fiber-reinforced component is heated to a temperature higher than approximately 170°C after step (v). g (T via TMA measurement) g T (determined by onset), preferably higher than about 180°C g For specifics, T is higher than 200℃ g The following is presented. In a preferred embodiment, the fiber-reinforced component is heated to approximately 170 to approximately 400°C after step (v). g Value (T via TMA measurement) g The temperature is determined by the onset; preferably around 180 to 350°C. g For specific values, use a temperature range of approximately 190 to 300°C. g Present the value.

[0259] In a preferred embodiment, the fiber-reinforced component is obtained by the method outlined in more detail above. As described above, in a third aspect, the present invention relates to the use of the fiber-reinforced components outlined in more detail above in visible or non-visible applications.

[0260] Specific embodiments (e.g., details of components, quantities, parts, method, e.g., time and temperature, as well as T g The aspects relating to the invention, the method and fiber-reinforced components, have already been outlined above and are also applicable to the use. Specific embodiments of the use will be described in more detail below. It will be understood that each embodiment is correlated in itself and, in addition, correlated in combination with other embodiments.

[0261] In one embodiment, visible or invisible applications include (but are not limited to) fiber-reinforced panels, e.g., protective covers, door and flooring panels, doors, stiffeners, spoilers, diffusers, boxes, etc.; complex shapes, e.g., molded parts with ribs; parts with rotationally symmetrical components, e.g., pipes, cylinders, and tanks, specifically fuel tanks, oil and gas risers, exhaust pipes, etc.; and solid or hollow profiles, e.g., stiffeners, spring leaves, carriers, etc.; and parts with or without a core structure, sandwich structures, e.g., blades, wings, etc.; carbon fiber reinforced plastic molds for manufacturing high-performance composite materials; or electronic applications, e.g., printed circuit boards, prepregs, or laminates; radomes or re-entry space shields; satellites.

[0262] As described above, in a fourth aspect, the present invention relates to visible or invisible applications, including fiber-reinforced components as outlined in more detail above. Specific embodiments (e.g., details of components, quantities, parts, method, e.g., time and temperature, T) g The methods of the invention and the fiber-reinforced components have already been outlined above and are also applicable to visible and invisible applications. Specific embodiments for visible and invisible applications are described in more detail below. It will be understood that each embodiment is correlated in itself and, in addition, correlated in combination with other embodiments.

[0263] In one embodiment, visible or invisible applications include (but are not limited to) fiber-reinforced panels, e.g., protective covers, door and flooring panels, doors, stiffeners, spoilers, diffusers, boxes, etc.; complex shapes, e.g., molded parts with ribs; parts with rotationally symmetrical components, e.g., pipes, cylinders, and tanks, specifically fuel tanks, oil and gas risers, exhaust pipes, etc.; and solid or hollow profiles, e.g., stiffeners, spring leaves, carriers, etc.; and parts with or without a core structure, sandwich structures, e.g., blades, wings, etc.; carbon fiber reinforced plastic molds for manufacturing high-performance composite materials; or electronic applications, e.g., printed circuit boards, prepregs, or laminates; radomes or re-entry space shields; satellites.

[0264] As mentioned above, in the fifth aspect, the present invention is, 1) A container (A) containing a resin composition (RC), wherein the resin composition (RC) is a.1) Formula (A3)

[0265] [ka]

[0266] (In the formula, R 7 This is independently a methylene group (CH2), or a methylene group substituted with one or more -CH3 or halogen functional groups; R 8 These are independently bonded, linear or branched, linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, aliphatic or aromatic groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Y is independently a functional group having at least one non-aromatic alkene, alkyne, C1-C13 alkyl, or aromatic moiety; q is an integer between 1 and 5; r is independently either 0 or an integer between 1 and 4. u is an independent integer that is either 0, greater than or equal to 1, and if u is 0, the region in parentheses represents association. n is an integer that is either 0, greater than or equal to 1, and if n is 0, the region in parentheses represents association. Hydrocarbon resin composition (HRC) derived from a hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by Container (A) containing; 2) A container (B) optionally comprising at least one type of bifunctional or polyfunctional resin (B); and 3) Optionally, container (C) A kit that includes, The kit further comprises catalyst (C), which is contained in container (A), container (B), and / or container (C).

[0267] The kit can be used in methods for preparing fiber-reinforced parts. Specific embodiments (e.g., details of components, quantities, parts, method, e.g., time and temperature, T) g The methods of the invention and the fiber-reinforced components have already been outlined above and are also applicable to the kit. Specific embodiments of the kit are described in more detail below. It will be understood that each embodiment is correlated in itself and, in addition, correlated in combination with other embodiments.

[0268] In one embodiment, the kit includes a container (B). It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that these embodiments and items merely describe a number of possible examples. Therefore, the embodiments shown herein should not be understood as constituting limitations on these features or arrangements. Any possible combinations and arrangements of the described features can be selected in accordance with the scope of the invention.

[0269] The present invention is further illustrated by the following embodiments. [Examples]

[0270] method Resin transfer molding (RTM) / Resin injection molding The resin transfer molding process is described as follows: a fiber reinforcement (i.e., a fibrous structure) is placed inside the mold; the mold is closed and secured; and resin is injected into the mold cavity under pressure. The driving force of RTM is pressure. Therefore, the pressure inside the mold cavity is expected to be higher than atmospheric pressure. In contrast, the vacuum infusion method uses vacuum as the driving force, and the pressure inside the mold cavity is lower than atmospheric pressure.

[0271] The resin injection molding process is designed for high-output (short cycle times) part manufacturing under repeatable conditions, with very limited tolerances (for example, with respect to all process parameters such as viscosity, mixing ratio, reinforcing agent permeability, gelation time, and cycle time). It is most commonly used to process both thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers.

[0272] Desired characteristics of resins used in RTM : • Because it is held in a reservoir before injection, it must have a low viscosity at a specific temperature. The fiber preform must be impregnated quickly and uniformly without any voids. • Once impregnation is complete, gelation must be achieved as quickly as possible (rapid cycle time). It must have sufficient hardness to be removed from the mold without distortion. • Low critical viscosity (50% of the immersed preform is impregnated at an impregnation temperature of <1000 mPa·sec), • Low viscosity means that less pressure is required to achieve sufficient fiber wetting. The injection temperature of the resin (typically an elevated temperature) should be kept as close to the minimum viscosity as possible to ensure impregnation of the preform, as higher temperatures accelerate curing and thus shorten the injection time.

[0273] The developed resin compositions (cyclopentadiene and its blends) can also be applied to composite material manufacturing processes that dynamically change the mold temperature, such as quickstep or locktool processes.

[0274] Technical features : Cyclopentadiene and its blended resin systems can be cured using a catalyst in an RTM resin injection process. The curing time can be designed by changing the amount of catalyst (e.g., 0.5 to 5 wt% or more) depending on the injection and mold temperatures applied in the process. Ultimately, the curing cycle time can be reduced to a value in the range of 5 to 30 minutes, preferably 5 to 20 minutes. To achieve the desired high thermal and mechanical properties, a post-curing treatment at 180°C to 300°C, preferably 180°C to 230°C, was applied.

[0275] material Synthesis procedure for HC-100 2000 ml of toluene, 326 g of 1,4-bis(chloromethyl)benzene, and 68.9 g of methyltributylammonium chloride were placed in a reactor, and the suspension was cooled to approximately 8°C. 625 g of cyclopentadiene and 902 g of potassium hydroxide (50% aqueous solution) were added while maintaining the temperature at approximately 8-13°C. An additional 4017 g of potassium hydroxide (50% aqueous solution) was added within the same temperature range. The reaction mixture was heated to approximately 20°C, and 430 g of allyl chloride and 230 g of benzyl chloride were added in parallel at a temperature of approximately 20-25°C, followed by the addition of 181 g of 1,2-dichloroethane within the same temperature range. After all additions, the reaction mixture was heated to approximately 50°C and stirred at this temperature for approximately 1 hour.

[0276] The mixture was heated to 70°C for 1 hour and washed twice with water. The solvent was then removed by distillation (30 mbar / 70°C) and the final product was isolated with an 80% yield. Synthesis procedure for HC-200 150 ml of HC-100 was heated to 150°C for approximately 3 to 7 hours for prepolymerization. Prepolymerization was stopped when the viscosity of the resin reached approximately 100 to 500 mPa·s at 82°C.

[0277] Synthesis procedure for BCMB-164 1483 ml of toluene, 404 g of 4,4'-bis(chloromethyl)-1,1'-biphenyl, and 61 g of methyltributylammonium chloride were placed in a reactor, and the suspension was cooled to approximately 8°C. 600 g of cyclopentadiene and 795 g of potassium hydroxide (50% aqueous solution) were added while maintaining the temperature at approximately 8-13°C. An additional 3539 g of potassium hydroxide (50% aqueous solution) was added within the same temperature range. The reaction mixture was heated to approximately 20°C, and 377 g of allyl chloride and 206 g of benzyl chloride were added in parallel at temperatures of approximately 20-25°C, followed by the addition of 159 g of 1,2-dichloroethane within the same temperature range. After all additions, the reaction mixture was heated to approximately 50°C and stirred at this temperature for approximately 1 hour.

[0278] The mixture was heated to 70°C for 1 hour and washed twice with water. The solvent was then removed by distillation (30 mbar / 70°C) and the final product was isolated with a yield of 64%. Synthesis procedure for PXDC:BCMB(1:1)-170 1267 ml of toluene, 123 g of 1,4-bis(chloromethyl)benzene, 173 g of 4,4'-bis(chloromethyl)-1,1'-biphenyl, and 52 g of methyltributylammonium chloride were placed in a reactor, and the suspension was cooled to approximately 8°C. 500 g of cyclopentadiene and 679 g of potassium hydroxide (50% aqueous solution) were added while maintaining the temperature at approximately 8-13°C. An additional 3025 g of potassium hydroxide (50% aqueous solution) was added within the same temperature range. The reaction mixture was heated to approximately 20°C, and 322 g of allyl chloride and 176 g of benzyl chloride were added in parallel at temperatures of approximately 20-25°C, followed by the addition of 136 g of 1,2-dichloroethane within the same temperature range. After all additions, the reaction mixture was heated to approximately 50°C and stirred at this temperature for approximately 1 hour.

[0279] The mixture was heated to 70°C for 1 hour and washed twice with water. The solvent was then removed by distillation (30 mbar / 70°C) and the final product was isolated with an 84% yield. Synthesis procedure for TFB-(174) 451 ml of toluene, 1242 g of 1,4-bis(bromomethyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzene, and 51 g of methyltributylammonium chloride were placed in a reactor, and the suspension was cooled to approximately 8°C. 450 g of cyclopentadiene and 665 g of potassium hydroxide (50% aqueous solution) were added while maintaining the temperature at approximately 8-13°C. An additional 2961 g of potassium hydroxide (50% aqueous solution) was added within the same temperature range. The reaction mixture was heated to approximately 20°C, and 315 g of allyl chloride and 172 g of benzyl chloride were added in parallel at temperatures of approximately 20-25°C, followed by the addition of 133 g of 1,2-dichloroethane within the same temperature range. After all additions, the reaction mixture was heated to approximately 50°C and stirred at this temperature for approximately 1 hour.

[0280] The mixture was heated to 70°C for 1 hour and washed twice with water. The solvent was then removed by distillation (30 mbar / 70°C) and the final product was isolated with a yield of 47%. BCMB-164, PXDC:BCMB(1:1)-170, and TFB-(174) may be prepolymerized in the same manner as HC-100.

[0281] Ricon 100 (butadiene-styrene copolymer), Ricon 130 (polybutadiene homopolymer), Ricon 138 (polybutadiene homopolymer), Ricon 152 (polybutadiene homopolymer, 70% active ingredient dry liquid), Ricon 153 (polybutadiene homopolymer, 65% active ingredient dry liquid), Ricon 156 (polybutadiene homopolymer), Ricon 157 (polybutadiene homopolymer), Ricon 181 (butadiene-styrene copolymer), and Ricon 300 (liquid polybutadiene resin) are available from Cray Valley.

[0282] BMI- / derivatives: Homide 100 (bisallylnadiimide P, CAS No. 91865-54-2), Homide 126A (4,4'-diallyl ether bisphenol A, CAS No. 3739-67-1), Homide 127A (2,2'-diallylbisphenol A (DABA), CAS No. 1745-89-7), and Homide 400 (biscitraconimide-based resin) are available from HOS Technik.

[0283] BMI-5100 (3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-diethyl-4,4'-diphenylmethanebismaleimide, CAS number: 105391-33-1) is available from Yamato Kasei Co., Ltd.

[0284] Additional BMIs may be selected from Hormid 250 (bismaleimide resin, CAS number 26140-67-0), Hormid 123 (Hormid 123, CAS number 6422-83-9), Hormid 121 (4,4'-diphenylmethane-bismaleimide, CAS number 13676-54-5), and 2300 (phenylmethanemaleimide, CAS number 67784-74-1).

[0285] structure

[0286] [ka]

[0287] BMPI-300 and structure

[0288] [ka]

[0289] DETDA-BMIs with this feature are available from Arxada. Epoxys: HP-7250 (modified novolac epoxide), HP-7200 (dicyclopentadiene epoxide), and HP4710 (naphthalene epoxide) are available from DIC Corporation.

[0290] Epikote 828 (a medium-viscosity liquid epoxy resin produced from bisphenol A resin and epichlorohydrin) is available from Westlake (formerly Hexion).

[0291] Cyanate esters: DT-4000 (cyanate ester resin; further synonyms are polyphenol cyanate and triazine polymer), LECY (cyanate ester resin; further synonyms are 4,4'-ethylidene diphenyl dicyanate, 1,1-bis(4-cyanatophenyl)ethane, bisphenol-E-dicyanate), PT-30 (cyanate ester resin; further synonyms are phenolic novolac cyanate ester resin, polyphenol cyanate, and triazine polymer), and CL-100 (crosslinking material combining cyanate ester functional groups and reactive double bonds) are all available from Arcsarda.

[0292] HTM-100BT resin (bismaleimide triazine) is available from Arcsarda. Catalyst: Speedcure 937 (bis-(4-dodecylphenyl)iodonium hexafluoroantimonate in glycidyl ether), available from Arkema.

[0293] Additional catalysts may be selected from 938 (bis-(4-t-butylphenyl)-iodonium hexafluorophosphate) and 939 (4-isopropyl-4'-methyldiphenyliodonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate).

[0294] SA-9000 (polyphenylene oxide (PPO) telechelic copolymer) is available from Sabic. Addolink 1604 (isobutyl 3,5-diamino-4-chlorobenzoate) was obtained from Lanxess.

[0295] Lonzacure (registered trademark) M-DEA (4,4'-methylenebis-(2,6-diethyl)-aniline) was obtained from Arcsarda. Divinylbenzol (DVB) was available from Aldrich and was used without further purification.

[0296] All other chemicals / reagents were obtained from Sigma Aldrich and used without further purification. Example 1 Primaset® HC-100 (150g) was mixed with liquid catalyst Speedcure 937 (4.5g) at room temperature. Mixing may be carried out at room temperature using a speed mixer at 2000 RPM for 2 minutes, or by mechanical stirring for 5-10 minutes, until thoroughly homogenized.

[0297] The viscosity of the resin system is shown in Table 1 below.

[0298] [Table 1]

[0299] The low viscosity and high fiber wetting ability of the resin system provide excellent processability parameters. The resin can be injected at temperatures of 25°C to 80°C with a viscosity of less than 500 mPa·s.

[0300] Once impregnation is complete, the resin system must gel as quickly as possible. The gelation time can be controlled by varying the amount of catalyst and temperature, as shown in Table 2 below. The amount of catalyst is expressed as a weight percentage based on the amount of cyclopentadiene resin.

[0301] [Table 2]

[0302] By setting the mold temperature to, for example, 100-150°C, a resin system containing 2-3 wt.% catalyst achieved sufficient hardness within 30 minutes to allow for distortion-free removal from the mold. Complex glass or carbon fiber parts can be produced by this method. A summary of the technical parameters is shown in Table 3 below.

[0303] [Table 3]

[0304] High-temperature resistance (each with high T g This can be achieved either through a specified post-curing process in an oven (temperature 180°C to 230°C) or during use in a high-temperature environment. The viscosity of the resin is determined by a Brookfield LV viscometer equipped with a thermocell unit.

[0305] T gThe glass transition temperature was measured by thermomechanical analysis (TMA). The instrument used was a Mettler-Toledo TMA SDTA840. g The results were evaluated after the second heating cycle. The results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0306] [Table 4]

[0307] Example 2 Vacuum pressure resin transfer molding (VARTM) and resin infusion: Technical features : A flat glass mold was used. The mold was cleaned and a release agent was rubbed onto the surface. In this test, the liquid release agents used were Chemtrend, Meissach, Gernlinden, and Chemlease R&B EZ from Germany.

[0308] Carbon fiber fabric, 25 x 25 cm 2 The fibers were cut into fragments, and care was taken to prevent the fibers from coming loose during handling of the cut plies. Sixteen plies were cut from each experimental laminate. In the case of the test, the carbon fiber fabric used was HTA40 E13 from Toho Tenax Co., Ltd. (supplier: Toho Tenax Europe GmbH, Wuppertal, Germany). The prepared layers of carbon fiber fabric were then placed on the mold surface. Care was taken to construct a symmetrical layup to prevent distortion during the post-curing stage.

[0309] In this embodiment, Airtech's Omega Flow Line was used for both the resin feed and the vacuum line. The dimensions of the Omega Flow Line were the same as the width of the carbon fiber layer on both sides (the resin feed inlet and the vacuum line outlet). Once the resin had permeated one side, the resin feed line was filled very quickly along its entire length. The resin was then blown over the entire carbon laminate layup toward the vacuum outlet.

[0310] The following resin infusion aids were used: an "all-in-one" peel-ply and release film layer (Fibertex Compoflex® S8150) was cut and placed in direct contact with the carbon fiber layer. A resin dispersion medium layer (Airtech Knitflow 105HT) was cut and placed on top of the previous layup (carbon fiber and peel-ply / release film layer). The resin dispersion medium allowed the resin to spread rapidly throughout the complex part. At the resin feed inlet, the dispersion layer was placed in addition to the base of the Omega Flow Line (Airtech Omega Flow Line OF750). On the other side of the mold (vacuum line outlet), the resin dispersion layer and Compoflex® S8150 (Nonwovens A / S, Aalborg, Denmark) layer were placed as the base of the Omega Flow Line. All layers of material in contact with the mold are compressed to avoid "crosslinking" when a vacuum is applied. A high-temperature resin infusion connector (Airtech's VAC-RIC-HT or RIC-HT) is placed centered between the resin feed inlet and the vacuum outlet channel.

[0311] The three sides of the perimeter were heat-sealed, and a custom-made rectangular vacuum bag, specially designed to fit the mold dimensions, was used (Airtech's Wrightlon® WL5400 or WL7400). All infusion assemblies were set up inside the vacuum bag, and finally the single open side was heat-sealed. Two small holes were made in the bag. Feed line and vacuum line connectors were attached to the bag above the holes, and nylon tubing was attached. The assembled mold was connected to the resin source and vacuum pump.

[0312] The entire mold assembly was placed inside the oven to infuse at the required temperature. Prior to infusion, sufficient vacuum and temperature were applied to the bag assembly for 3 to 12 hours. Applying processing temperature conditions to the fiber layup and mold assembly was beneficial to improve the flow process and remove moisture absorbed from the fiber layer.

[0313] Excellent sealing was achieved by operating the vacuum pump at a vacuum of 3-5 mbar and checking for leaks. Example A 116.5 g of Primaset™ HC-100 was mixed with 3.88 g of Speedcure 937 catalyst (3 wt% relative to the resin) at 25°C. The resin + catalyst system was mixed using a speed mixer at 2000 rpm for 1 minute until completely homogenized.

[0314] The vacuum bag pressure was set to 10 mbar. The viscosity of the resin system was lower than 500 mPa·s, and the Primaset™ HC-100+ catalyst could be successfully blown in at a rate of 0.30 cm / min at room temperature and flowed through the fibers at the bottom of the bag.

[0315] A sufficient vacuum of 10 hPa was maintained until the resin reached its curing point. The material was cured under a bag assembly using the following curing cycle: 25℃~115℃, 1K / min; 1 hour at 115℃ + heating at 1℃ / min up to 150℃ + 5.5 hours at 150℃ + cooling.

[0316] After curing, the material can be easily removed from the bag assembly. To achieve the desired mechanical and thermal properties, the post-curing cycle can be applied as follows: 25℃~230℃, 0.5K / min, 220℃ for 2 hours.

[0317] T g The glass transition temperature was measured by thermomechanical analysis (TMA) as described in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 5 below.

[0318] [Table 5]

[0319] Example B 116.5g of Primaset™ HC-200 and HC-100 prepolymers were heated at 80°C to reduce their viscosity. Then, 3.88g of Speedcure 937 catalyst (3 wt% relative to the resin) was added at 80°C, and the resin + catalyst system was mixed in a speed mixer at 2000 rpm for 1 minute until completely homogenized.

[0320] The vacuum bag pressure was set to 10 mbar. The Primaset™ HC-200+ catalyst was successfully blown into the oven at 80°C at a rate of 1.2 cm / min, allowing it to flow through the fibers at the bottom of the bag.

[0321] A sufficient vacuum of 10 mbar was maintained until the resin reached its curing point. The material was cured in an oven under the bag assembly using the following curing cycle: Heat from 80°C to 100°C at a rate of 1°C / min, maintain at 100°C for 2 hours, heat from 100°C to 120°C at a rate of 1°C / min, maintain at 120°C for 2 hours, heat from 120°C to 150°C at a rate of 1°C / min, maintain at 150°C for 2 hours, plus cooling.

[0322] After curing, the material can be easily removed from the bag assembly. To achieve the desired mechanical and thermal properties, the post-curing cycle can be applied as follows: 25°C to 230°C at 1°C / min, followed by 2 hours at 230°C.

[0323] T g The glass transition temperature was measured by thermomechanical analysis (TMA) as described in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 6 below.

[0324] [Table 6]

[0325] Example 3 Filament winding: Technical features : A cylindrical mandrel was used to form a complex pipe with an inner diameter of 40 mm. The mandrel was cleaned, and a mold release agent was rubbed onto its surface.

[0326] A fiber reinforcement (carbon fiber, HTA from Toho Tenax Co., Ltd. (supplier: Toho Tenax Europe, Wuppertal, Germany)) was formed by four rovings. The fibers were drawn directly from the bobbin through a resin tank maintained at a constant temperature of 40°C. The impregnated fibers were placed on a mandrel at different angles of ±30° and 89° to form 18 layers, resulting in a pipe wall thickness of 4.4 mm.

[0327] The mandrel and the impregnated fibers placed on it were maintained at a constant temperature of 50°C. Primaset™ HC-100 resin was mixed with Catalyst Speed ​​Cure 937 (2 wt%) at 50°C until completely homogenized. The resin + catalyst system was placed in a resin bath at 50°C. The filament winding process was then started as described. Once the filament winding process was complete, the part with the mandrel was prepared as follows: The material is cured by increasing the temperature from 80°C to 100°C at a rate of 1°C / min, curing at 100°C for 2 hours, curing from 100°C to 120°C at a rate of 1°C / min, curing at 120°C for 2 hours, curing from 120°C to 150°C at a rate of 1°C / min, curing at 150°C for 2 hours, and then cooling to ambient temperature (cooling rate 1K / min), and then removed from the mandrel in the ambient environment.

[0328] Finally, the pipes were subjected to a post-curing treatment at 25°C to 230°C at 1K / min for 2 hours. A summary of the technical parameters is shown in Table 7 below.

[0329] T g The glass transition temperature was measured by thermomechanical analysis (TMA) as described in Example 1.

[0330] [Table 7]

[0331] Example 4 Similar processes and process conditions (regarding resin composition and curing conditions) as in Examples 1-3 were applied to the following mixture containing HC-100, resulting in a high T g Components with excellent electrical performance (Dk < 3 and Df < 0.004 in all examples) were obtained. Resins HC-200, BCMB-164, PXDC:BCMB(1:1)-170 and TFB-(174) (and similar prepolymers) can also be applied.

[0332] For electrical performance, the split-cylinder resonator (SCR) method was used. The dielectric constant (εr) and loss tangent (tanδ) (Dk and Df characteristics) were obtained and calculated using an Agilent E8361 A network analyzer. The results followed the standard method IPCTM-650 2.5.5.13.

[0333] The compositional components and results are shown in Table 8 below.

[0334] [Table 8]

[0335] Example 5: Thermosetting of PXDC:BCMB(1:1)-170

[0336] [Table 9]

[0337] Example 6: Thermocuring of TFB-174

[0338] [Table 10]

[0339] The above combination of components has good mixability, and the resin composition has sufficient practicality for a suitable viscosity. In addition, as can be derived from the table above, the resin composition has high T g Therefore, the resin composition is particularly suitable for fiber-reinforced parts.

Claims

1. A method for preparing fiber-reinforced components, (i) A step of providing a resin composition (RC), wherein the resin composition (RC) is a) Formula (A3) 【Chemistry 1】 (In the formula, R ７ The methylene group (CH) is independent of the methylene group (CH ２ ), or one or more - CH ３ or a methylene group substituted with a halogen functional group; R ８ These are independently bonded, linear or branched, linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, aliphatic or aromatic groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Y is independently a functional group having at least one non-aromatic alkene, alkyne, C1-C13 alkyl, or aromatic moiety; q is an integer between 1 and 5; r is independently either 0 or an integer between 1 and 4. u is an independent integer that is either 0, greater than or equal to 1, and if u is 0, the region in parentheses represents association. n is an integer that is either 0, greater than or equal to 1, and if n is 0, the region in parentheses represents association. Hydrocarbon resin compositions (HRCs) derived from hydrocarbon resins having the structure defined by; b) Optionally, at least one bifunctional or polyfunctional resin (B); and c) Catalyst (C) Processes including; (ii) A step of providing a fiber structure; (iii) A step of bringing the fiber structure into contact with the resin composition (RC) to provide a fiber composition (FC); and (iv) A step of curing the fiber composition (FC) Methods that include...

2. Step (ii) further includes the step of placing the fiber structure in the mold or on the substrate, and / or The method according to claim 2, wherein the contact in step (iii) is impregnation.

3. In step (iii), a temperature of about 20 to about 95°C is preferably applied under increased pressure and / or the air is exhausted; and / or The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a temperature of about 30 to about 150°C is applied in step (iv).

4. The hydrocarbon resin composition (HRC) is (A1) to (A3) a. 1) Hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by formula (A1) 【Chemistry 2】 (In the formula, R １ The methylene group (CH) is independent of the methylene group (CH ２ ) or one or more -CH ３ Alternatively, it is a methylene group substituted with a halogen. R ２ These are bonded, substituted, or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkylenes. R ３ is independently a methylene group (CH ２ ), or a methylene group substituted with one or more -CH ３ or halogen, R ４ These are independently bonded, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkylenes, C4-C20 aromatic groups, or saturated or unsaturated C4-C20 cyclic groups. X is independently a functional group having at least one non-aromatic alkene, alkyne, C1-C13 alkyl, or aromatic moiety. p is an independent integer between 1 and 5. r is independently either 0 or an integer between 1 and 4. w is an integer from 0 to 50, and if w is 0, the area in parentheses represents association; a. 2) Hydrocarbon resin having the structure defined by formula (A2) 【Transformation 3】 (In the formula, R ３ The methylene group (CH) is independent of the methylene group (CH ２ ) or one or more -CH ３ Alternatively, it is a methylene group substituted with a halogen. R ４ These are independently bonded, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkylenes, C4-C20 aromatic groups, or saturated or unsaturated C4-C20 cyclic groups. R ５ The methylene group (CH) is independent of the methylene group (CH ２ ) or one or more -CH ３ Alternatively, it is a methylene group substituted with a halogen. R ６ These are substituted or unsubstituted C4-C20 aromatic groups, or saturated or unsaturated C4-C20 cyclic groups. X is independently a functional group having at least one non-aromatic alkene, alkyne, C1-C13 alkyl, or aromatic moiety. p is an independent integer between 1 and 5. r is independently an integer between 0 and 4. w is an integer from 0 to 50, and if w is 0, the region in parentheses represents association); and a. 3) Hydrocarbon resins having polymers, prepolymers, or oligomers derived from the structure defined by formula (A3) 【Chemistry 4】 (In the formula, R ７ The methylene group (CH) is independent of the methylene group (CH ２ ), or one or more - CH ３ Alternatively, a methylene group substituted with a halogen functional group, R ８ These are independently bonded, linear or branched, linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, aliphatic or aromatic groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Y is independently a functional group having at least one non-aromatic alkene, alkyne, C1-C13 alkyl, or aromatic moiety. q is an integer between 1 and 5. r is independently an integer between 0 and 4. u is an independent integer that is either 0, greater than or equal to 1, and if u is 0, the region in parentheses represents association. n is an integer that is either 0, greater than or equal to 1, and if n is 0, the region in parentheses represents association. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising at least two of the above.

5. The aforementioned resin composition (RC) a) The hydrocarbon resin composition (HRC) in an amount of approximately 9.99 to approximately 99.99 wt%, preferably approximately 9.9 to approximately 99.9 wt%, more preferably approximately 19.5 to approximately 96.5 wt%, and more specifically approximately 50 to approximately 91 wt%; b) at least one of the bifunctional or polyfunctional resins (B) in an amount of about 0 to about 90 wt%, preferably about 0 to about 85 wt%, more preferably about 3 to about 80 wt%, and specifically about 8 to about 49 wt%; and c) Approximately 0.01 to approximately 25 wt%, preferably approximately 0.1 to approximately 20 wt%, more preferably approximately 0.5 to approximately 15 wt%, and specifically approximately 1 to approximately 6 wt% of the catalyst (C) Includes, Each wt% is based on the total weight of the resin composition (RC), according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The aforementioned resin composition (RC) b) At least one bifunctional or polyfunctional resin (B), preferably a polyfunctional resin (B) selected from the group consisting of epoxy resins, oxetane resins, bismaleimide resins, cyanate ester resins, diene resins, bisbenzocyclobutene-based (BCB) resins, poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO) resins, and mixtures thereof. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, including the method described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The epoxy resin is the epoxy resin of formula (IIa), the epoxy resin of formula (IIb), the epoxy resin of formula (IIc) and oligomer mixtures thereof, the epoxy resin of formula (IId), the epoxy resin of formula (IIe), the epoxy resin of formula (IIf), the epoxy resin of formula (IIg), and the epoxy resin of formula (IIh); 【Transformation 5】 (In the formula, Q １ and Q ２ R is independently oxygen or -N(G)-, where G is oxyranylmethyl, and R １６ ~R １９ (These are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, linear C1-C10 haloalkyl, branched C4-C10 alkyl, branched C4-C10 haloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, halogenated C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, halogen, phenyl, and phenoxy); 【Transformation 6】 (In the formula, Q ３ and Q ４ R is independently oxygen or -N(G)-, where G is oxyranylmethyl, and R ２０ ~R ２７ Z is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, linear C1-C10 haloalkyl, branched C4-C10 alkyl, branched C4-C10 haloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, halogenated C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, halogen, phenyl, and phenoxy. ２ This indicates a direct bond, or -O-, -S-, -S(=O)-, -S(=O) ２ -, -CH(CH ３ )-,-C(CH ３ ) ２ -, -C(=O)-, -C(=CH ２ )-,-C(=CCl ２ )-,-Si(CH ３ ) ２ -, linear C1-C10 alkanediyl, branched C4-C10 alkanediyl, C3-C8 cycloalkanediyl, 1,2-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, 1,4-phenylene, glycidyloxyphenylmethylene and -N(R ２８ The divalent part is selected from the group consisting of ) and R ２８ (Selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, linear C1-C10 haloalkyl, branched C4-C10 alkyl, branched C4-C10 haloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, phenyl and phenoxy); and 【Transformation 7】 (In the formula, m is an integer from 1 to 20, Q ５ is oxygen or -N(G)-, where G is oxyranylmethyl, and R ２９ and R ３０ (These are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl groups, and branched C4-C10 alkyl groups); 【Transformation 8】 (wherein n is 0 or an integer between 1 and 20); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers or mixtures; 【Chemistry 9】 (wherein n is an integer from 1 to 20; R ３１ ~R ３６ (These are identical or different and independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, branched C3-C10 alkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, and branched C3-C10 alkenyl); and their oligomers, prepolymers, polymers, or mixtures; 【Chemistry 10】 (wherein n is an integer from 1 to 20; R ３１ ~R ３３ , R ３５ , and R ３６ (These are identical or different and independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, branched C3-C10 alkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, and branched C3-C10 alkenyl); and their oligomers, prepolymers, polymers, or mixtures; 【Chemistry 11】 (wherein n is an integer from 1 to 20; R ３７ (selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, branched C3-C10 alkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, and branched C3-C10 alkenyl); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers, or mixtures; 【Chemistry 12】 (wherein n is 0 or an integer between 1 and 20; R ３８ (selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, branched C3-C10 alkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, and branched C3-C10 alkenyl); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers or mixtures, The method according to claim 6, further selected from the group consisting of naphthalenediol diglycidyl ether.

8. The bismaleimide resin is a bismaleimide resin of formula (IIIa), a bismaleimide resin of formula (IIIb), a bismaleimide resin of formula (IIIc), a bismaleimide resin of formula (IIId), and a bismaleimide resin of formula (IIIe) 【Chemistry 13】 (wherein a to j are the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogens, linear C1-C10 alkyls, branched C3-C10 alkyls, linear C2-C10 alkenyls, and branched C3-C10 alkenyls); and their oligomers, prepolymers, polymers, or mixtures; 【Chemistry 14】 (wherein k to m are the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogens, linear C1-C10 alkyls, branched C3-C10 alkyls, linear C2-C10 alkenyls, and branched C3-C10 alkenyls); and their oligomers, prepolymers, polymers, or mixtures; 【Chemistry 15】 (wherein n is an integer from 1 to 20, and R, Z, and Y are the same or different and independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogens, linear C1-C10 alkyls, branched C3-C10 alkyls, linear C2-C10 alkenyls, and branched C3-C10 alkenyls); and their oligomers, prepolymers, polymers, or mixtures; 【Chemistry 16】 (wherein n is an integer from 1 to 20, and Rx, Ry, Rz, and Rw are the same or different and independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogens, linear C1-C10 alkyls, branched C3-C10 alkyls, linear C2-C10 alkenyls, and branched C3-C10 alkenyls); and their oligomers, prepolymers, polymers, or mixtures; 【Chemistry 17】 (In the formula, ＊ and ＊＊ Each of these is a residue ＊ and ＊＊ This refers to the covalent bond to each of the C atoms shown, These residues are identical or different, and independently, [Chemistry 18] Selected from, In the formula, R is alkylene, divalent cycloalkyl, divalent alkyne, divalent aryl, divalent aralkyl, divalent alkaryl, or divalent bisaralkyl. Ra to Rc are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, linear C1-C10 haloalkyl, branched C4-C10 alkyl, branched C4-C10 haloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, halogenated C3-C8 cycloalkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, branched C3-C10 alkenyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, halogen, phenyl, and phenoxy. (or Ra and Rb, Ra and Rc, or Rb and Rc together may form a 3- to 8-membered cycloalkyl or 3- to 8-membered cycloalkenyl); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers or mixtures The method according to claim 6 or 7, selected from the group consisting of substituted bisimides.

9. The cyanate ester resin is a difunctional cyanate ester compound of formula (Ia), a polyfunctional cyanate ester of formula (Ib), a polyfunctional cyanate ester of formula (Ic), a polyfunctional cyanate ester of formula (Id), a polyfunctional cyanate ester of formula (Ie), a polyfunctional cyanate ester of formula (If), and mixtures thereof. 【Chemistry 19】 (In the formula, R １ ~R ８ These are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, linear C1-C10 haloalkyl, branched C4-C10 alkyl, branched C4-C10 haloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, halogenated C3-C8 cycloalkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, branched C3-C10 alkenyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, halogen, phenyl, and phenoxy; R １ ~R ８ At least one of these is selected from the group consisting of linear C2-C10 alkenyls and branched C3-C10 alkenyls; Z １ This indicates a direct bond, or -O-, -S-, -S(=O)-, -S(=O) ２ -ien-CH ２ -, -CH(CH ３ )-,-C(CH ３ ) ２ -, -CH(CH ３ )-,-C(CH ３ ) ２ -, -C(=O)-, -C(=CH ２ )-,-C(=CCl ２ )-,-Si(CH ３ ) ２ -, linear C1-C10 alkanediyl, branched C4-C10 alkanediyl, C3-C8 cycloalkanediyl, 1,2-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, 1,4-phenylene, -N(R １３ The divalent part is selected from the group consisting of ) and R １３ These include hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, linear C1-C10 haloalkyl, branched C4-C10 alkyl, branched C4-C10 haloalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, phenyl and phenoxy, and formula 【Chemistry 20】 A selection from the group consisting of parts of the formula (wherein X is independently selected from hydrogen and halogen); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers or mixtures; 【Chemistry 21】 (In the formula, n is an integer between 1 and 20; R １０ and R １１ (These are identical or different, and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, branched C4-C10 alkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, and branched C3-C10 alkenyl); and their oligomers, prepolymers, polymers, or mixtures; 【Chemistry 22】 (In the formula, n is an integer between 1 and 20; R ３０ , R ３１ , R ３２ and R ３３ (These are identical or different and independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, branched C3-C10 alkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, and branched C3-C10 alkenyl); and their oligomers, prepolymers, polymers, or mixtures; 【Chemistry 23】 (In the formula, n is an integer between 1 and 20; R ３４ , R ３５ and R ３６ (These are identical or different and independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, branched C3-C10 alkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, and branched C3-C10 alkenyl); and their oligomers, prepolymers, polymers, or mixtures; 【Chemistry 24】 (In the formula, n is an integer between 1 and 20; R ３７ (selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear C1-C10 alkyl, branched C3-C10 alkyl, linear C2-C10 alkenyl, and branched C3-C10 alkenyl); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers, or mixtures; 【Chemistry 25】 (wherein n is an integer from 1 to 20); and its oligomers, prepolymers, polymers or mixtures The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, selected from the group consisting of the following.

10. The diene resin is selected from the group consisting of butadiene homopolymer, butadiene styrene copolymer, malee-oxidized polybutadiene, and mixtures thereof, preferably the butadiene homopolymer having formula (IVa), the butadiene styrene copolymer having formula (IVb), and the malee-oxidized polybutadiene having formula (IVc) and / or (IVd). 【Chemistry 26】 (In the formula, x, y, and z are identical or distinct, independently of each other, and are either 0 or integers between 1 and 500, with the sum of x + y + z being at least 10; 【Chemistry 27】 (In the formula, x, y, z, and w are identical or distinct, independently of each other, and are either 0 or integers between 1 and 500, with the sum of x + y + z + w being at least 10; 【Chemistry 28】 (In the formula, x, y, z, and w are identical or distinct, independently 0 or integers between 1 and 500, and the sum of x + y + z + w is at least 10. 【Chemistry 29】 (In the formula, x, y, z, and w are identical or distinct, independently 0 or integers between 1 and 500, and the sum of x + y + z + w is at least 10. Having; and / or The aforementioned poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO) resin is of formula (V): 【Transformation 30】 A polyphenylene oxide resin having a structure represented by, In the formula, b is a positive integer, and X is selected from any one of formulas (VI) to (VIII) and any combination thereof: 【Chemistry 31】 Y is given by equation (IX): 【Chemistry 32】 It has a structure represented by, In the formula, m and n independently represent positive integers from 1 to 30; R １ ~R １６ are independently selected from H, -CH ３ and halogen atoms; A is selected from a covalent bond, -CH ２ -, -CH(CH ３ )-, -C(CH ３ ) ２ -, -O-, -S-, -SO2 and a carbonyl group, preferably selected from CH ２ -, -CH(CH ３ )-, -C(CH ３ ) ２ -, -O-, -S-, -SO2 and a carbonyl group; Z is given by equation (X), (XI), or (XII): 【Transformation 33】 Or having a structure of a combination thereof, preferably having a structure of formula (X) or (XII) or a combination thereof, In the formula, R １７ ~R ２３ These are independently H, -CH ３ The method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein Q and W are selected from halogen atoms and are independently aliphatic groups.

11. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of radical initiators and Lewis acid catalysts.

12. The fiber structure provided in step (ii) is selected from the group consisting of carbon fibers, glass fibers, quartz fibers, boron fibers, ceramic fibers, aramid fibers, polyester fibers, polyethylene fibers, natural fibers, and / or mixtures thereof. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the fiber structure provided in step (ii) is selected from the group consisting of strands, yarns, rovings, unidirectional fabrics, 0 / 90° fabrics, woven fabrics, hybrid fabrics, multiaxial fabrics, chopped strand mats, tissues, braids, and combinations thereof.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the resin composition (RC) further comprises one or more additional components selected from the group consisting of (internal) release agents, fillers, reactive diluents, and mixtures thereof, and / or the resin composition (RC) is a liquid mixture.

14. A fiber-reinforced component obtainable by the method described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. Use of the fiber-reinforced component according to claim 14 in visible or invisible applications.

16. Visible or invisible applications comprising the fiber-reinforced component described in claim 14.

17. 1) A container (A) containing a resin composition (RC), wherein the resin composition (RC) is a) Formula (A3) 【Transformation 34】 (In the formula, R ７ The methylene group (CH) is independent of the methylene group (CH ２ ), or one or more - CH ３ or a methylene group substituted with a halogen functional group; R ８ These are independently bonded, linear or branched, linear or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, aliphatic or aromatic groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Y is independently a functional group having at least one non-aromatic alkene, alkyne, C1-C13 alkyl, or aromatic moiety; q is an integer between 1 and 5; r is independently either 0 or an integer between 1 and 4. u is an independent integer that is either 0, greater than or equal to 1, and if u is 0, the region in parentheses represents association. n is an integer that is either 0, greater than or equal to 1, and if n is 0, the region in parentheses represents association. Hydrocarbon resin compositions (HRCs) derived from hydrocarbon resins having the structure defined by Container (A) including; 2) A container (B) optionally comprising at least one bifunctional or polyfunctional resin (B); and 3) Optionally, container (C) A kit that includes, The kit further comprises a catalyst (C), the catalyst (C) being contained in container (A), container (B), and / or container (C).

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