Enhanced Cooperative Space Reuse Transmission to Support Low Latency Data

Abstract

A new enhanced multi-user (MU) transmit request (RTS) transmit opportunity share (TXS) frame and a solution for handling unavailable resource units (RUs) on the shared access point (AP) side. The shared AP can allocate a portion of its RUs and TXOPs to the shared APs, facilitating C-TDMA coordination and reducing resource waste. The disclosed solution focuses on efficiently handling unavailable RUs on the shared AP side during the allocated TXOP sharing time. If a shared AP is unable to fully utilize its allocated RUs due to interference, it can return the interfered RUs to the shared AP or allocate them to another shared AP. By dynamically managing and reallocating interfered RUs, the disclosed solution optimizes resource utilization, minimizes waste, and increases overall system throughput in high-density wireless networks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] [Cross - Reference to Related Applications] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 512,036, filed on July 5, 2023, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] This disclosure generally relates to wireless communication, and more specifically to enhanced coordinated spatial reuse transmission for supporting low - latency data in the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standards.

Background Art

[0003] The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 is a set of standards for implementing wireless local area network communication at various frequencies including, but not limited to, the 2.4 gigahertz (GHz), 5 GHz, 6 GHz, and 60 GHz bands. These standards define protocols that enable Wi - Fi (registered trademark) devices to communicate with each other. The 802.11 family of standards has evolved over time to accommodate higher data rates, improved security, and better performance in different environments. Some of the most widely used standards include 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, and 802.11ax (also known as "Wi - Fi (registered trademark) 6"). These standards specify modulation techniques, channel bandwidths, and other technical aspects that promote interoperability among devices from various manufacturers. IEEE 802.11 has played an important role in the widespread introduction of wireless networks in homes, offices, and public spaces, enabling users to connect their devices to the Internet and to each other without the need for a wired connection.

[0004] IEEE 802.11be, also known as "Wi-Fi® 7," is the next-generation standard in the IEEE 802.11 family for wireless local area networks. Currently under development, 802.11be aims to significantly improve upon the capabilities of its predecessor, 802.11ax / Wi-Fi® 6, by providing even higher data rates, lower latency, and enhanced reliability. The standard is expected to leverage advanced technologies such as multi-link operation (MLO), which allows devices to use multiple frequency bands and channels simultaneously for enhanced performance and reliability. In addition, 802.11be introduces 4096-QAM (Quaternary Amplitude Modulation), enabling higher data rates by encoding more bits per symbol. The standard also features improved medium access control (MAC) efficiency, enhanced power saving capabilities, and better support for high-density environments. These advancements are expected to enable 802.11be to achieve a theoretical maximum data rate of up to 46 gigabits per second (Gbps), making it suitable for bandwidth-intensive applications such as virtual and augmented reality, 8K video streaming, and high-performance gaming. The IEEE 802.11be standard is scheduled to be finalized by the end of 2024, paving the way for next-generation Wi-Fi® devices and networks. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0005] The Disclosure will be better understood from the detailed description provided below and the accompanying drawings illustrating various embodiments thereof. However, these drawings should not be construed as limiting the Disclosure to the specific embodiments shown; they are provided for illustrative and illustrative purposes only.

[0006] [Figure 1]This figure shows an example of a wireless local area network (WLAN) having a basic service set (BSS) including multiple wireless devices, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0007] [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram of a wireless device according to several embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0008] [Figure 3] Figures 3A and 3B show components of a wireless device configured to transmit data, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0009]

[0010] [Figure 4] This figure shows the interframe space (IFS) relationships according to some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0011] [Figure 5] This figure shows a collision-avoidance carrier-detection multiple access (CSMA / CA) baseframe transmission procedure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0012] [Figure 6] This figure shows the maximum physical layer (PHY) rate of the IEEE 802.11 standard, according to some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0013] [Figure 7]This figure provides a detailed description, including their purpose and characteristics, of fields within an Extremely High Throughput (EHT) Physical Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) frame, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0014] [Figure 8] This figure shows an example of a multi-user (MU) orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) transmission, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in which multiple frames are transmitted simultaneously to or from multiple stations (STA) using different frequency resources.

[0015] [Figure 9] This figure shows an example, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in which an access point transmits a trigger frame to a plurality of associated stations and receives an uplink orthogonal frequency division multiplexed access trigger-based physical protocol data unit (UL OFDMA TB PPDU) in response.

[0016] [Figure 10] This figure shows an example of Code-Division Time-Division Multiple Access (C-TDMA) operation in an Overlapping Basic Service Set (OBSS) network, according to some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0017] [Figure 11]FIG. showing an example of Coordinated-Spatial Reuse (C-SR) operation in an Overlapping Basic Service Set (OBSS) network where Low Latency (LL) data is transmitted by an access point according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0018] [Figure 12] FIG. showing an example of Enhanced Coordinated-Spatial Reuse (C-SR) in a Code Division Time Division Multiple Access (C-TDMA) scenario where Low Latency (LL) data is transmitted by a shared access point according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0019] [Figure 13] FIG. showing an example of Enhanced Coordinated-Spatial Reuse (C-SR) in a Code Division Time Division Multiple Access (C-TDMA) scenario where Low Latency (LL) data is transmitted by a station according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0020] [Figure 14] FIG. is a flowchart of a method for Enhanced Coordinated-Spatial Reuse transmission to support Low Latency data executed by an access point (AP) in a Basic Service Set (BSS) according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0021] [Figure 15] FIG. is a flowchart of a method for Enhanced Coordinated-Spatial Reuse transmission to support Low Latency data executed by an access point (AP) in a Basic Service Set (BSS) according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0022] [Figure 16] FIG. is a flowchart of a method for Enhanced Coordinated-Spatial Reuse transmission to support Low Latency data executed by a shared access point (AP) in a Basic Service Set (BSS) according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0023] This disclosure relates, in general, to wireless communications, and more specifically to enhanced coordinated space reuse transmission to support low-latency data in the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard, including beyond IEEE 802.11be.

[0024] Outline

[0025] The IEEE 802.11be standard, an extension of the current IEEE 802.11 standard, encompasses various cooperative schemes for multiple access points (APs). These schemes include Coordinated-Time Division Multiple Access (C-TDMA), Coordinated-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (C-OFDMA), and Coordinated Space Reuse (C-SR).

[0026] In the existing IEEE 802.11 standard, when an AP is involved in C-TDMA, a Transmit Opportunity (TXOP) holder AP, also known as a shared AP, shares its TXOP with another AP, referred to as the shared AP, for a specific duration. Once the shared AP obtains the TXOP from the TXOP holder AP, it gains the right to access the channel and can either transmit buffered protocol data units (PPDUs) or request PPDUs from the associated station (STA).

[0027] However, a problem arises when event-based, non-deterministic low-latency (LL) data occurs on the TXOP holder AP side during the time allocated for the shared AP. In such cases, the shared AP is required to delay its low-latency traffic until the end of the allocated duration for the shared AP. To address this challenge, this disclosure introduces an enhanced C-SR methodology that enables the transmission of LL data during the allocated time for the shared AP in C-TDMA.

[0028] The Enhanced C-SR methodology addresses the challenge of transmitting low-latency (LL) data without significant delay or latency when LL data traffic occurs at a Transmit Opportunity (TXOP) holder AP during the allocated time of a shared access point (AP) in Cooperative Time-Division Multiple Access (C-TDMA). In one embodiment of the Enhanced C-SR methodology, LL data is transmitted within the allocated time of the shared AP using constrained transmit power through the Enhanced Cooperative Spatial Reuse (C-SR) technique. This technique is particularly beneficial in scenarios where multiple basic service sets (BSSs) cooperate or overlap. In such situations, transmissions can coexist without causing harmful interference to each other, ultimately resulting in increased spectral efficiency.

[0029] One embodiment addresses the problem of transmitting low-latency data without significant delay when such data occurs at a Transmit Opportunity (TXOP) holder AP during the allocated time of a shared access point (AP) in Cooperative Time-Division Multiple Access (C-TDMA). According to the embodiment, the method is performed by a wireless device acting as a first access point in a first basic service set.

[0030] The first access point generates a trigger frame to request the transmission of a trigger-based physical protocol data unit (TB PPDU) from a station within its base service set. The trigger frame contains parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values, which are intended for use by a second access point in a second base service set that overlaps with the first base service set. These parameter values ​​help the second access point determine the appropriate transmit power for transmitting low-latency data under enhanced coordinated spatial reuse conditions.

[0031] By including parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​in the trigger frame, the first access point enables the second access point to transmit low-latency data within the allocated time of the shared AP using constrained transmit power through the Enhanced Coordinated Spatial Reuse (C-SR) technique. This technique allows transmissions from both access points to coexist without causing harmful interference to each other, resulting in increased spectral efficiency, particularly in scenarios where multiple basic service sets (BSSs) cooperate or overlap.

[0032] After generating a trigger frame with parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values, the first access point wirelessly transmits the trigger frame to request the transmission of TB PPDUs from stations in its basic service set.

[0033] The embodiment of the method enhances coordination between access points in a duplicate basic service set and utilizes enhanced C-SR techniques with constrained transmit power, enabling efficient transmission of low-latency data during shared time allocation in C-TDMA.

[0034] Another embodiment addresses the problem of transmitting low-latency data without significant delay when such data occurs at a Transmit Opportunity (TXOP) holder AP during the allocated time of a shared access point (AP) in Cooperative Time-Division Multiple Access (C-TDMA). According to this embodiment, the method is performed by a wireless device acting as a first access point in a first basic service set.

[0035] The first access point receives a trigger frame transmitted by the second access point in a second basic service set that overlaps with the first basic service set. The second access point transmits this trigger frame to request the transmission of a trigger-based physical protocol data unit (TB PPDU) from a station in its basic service set. The received trigger frame contains parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​intended for use by the first access point. These parameter values ​​help the first access point determine the appropriate transmit power for transmitting low-latency data under enhanced coordinated spatial reuse conditions.

[0036] Upon receiving a trigger frame, the first access point determines a specific transmit power for transmitting low-latency data under enhanced cooperative spatial reuse conditions, based on the parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​provided in the trigger frame.

[0037] Once the appropriate transmit power is determined, the first access point wirelessly transmits low-latency data at the determined transmit power under enhanced coordinated spatial reuse conditions. This technique allows the first access point to transmit low-latency data within the allocated time of the shared AP using constrained transmit power through the enhanced coordinated spatial reuse (C-SR) technique, enabling transmissions from both access points to coexist without causing harmful interference to each other, resulting in increased spectral efficiency.

[0038] The method of this other embodiment enables efficient transmission of low-latency data by a first access point during shared time allocation in C-TDMA by utilizing an enhanced C-SR technique with constrained transmit power, the constrained transmit power being determined based on parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​received from a second access point in the overlapping base service set.

[0039] Another embodiment addresses the problem of transmitting low-latency data without significant delay when such data occurs at a Transmit Opportunity (TXOP) holder AP during the allocated time of a shared access point (AP) in Cooperative Time-Division Multiple Access (C-TDMA). According to this embodiment, the method is performed by a wireless device acting as a shared access point in a first basic service set.

[0040] A shared access point generates a trigger frame to request the transmission of a Trigger-Based Physical Protocol Data Unit (TB PPDU) from stations within its base service set. The trigger frame contains parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values, which are intended for use by wireless devices in a second base service set that overlaps with the first base service set. These parameter values ​​help wireless devices in the second base service set determine the appropriate transmit power for transmitting low-latency data under enhanced coordinated spatial reuse conditions.

[0041] By including parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​in the trigger frame, the shared access point enables wireless devices in a second base service set to transmit low-latency data within the shared AP's allocated time using constrained transmit power through the Enhanced Coordinated Spatial Reuse (C-SR) technique. This technique allows transmissions from both the shared access point and wireless devices in the overlapping base service set to coexist without causing harmful interference to each other, resulting in increased spectral efficiency.

[0042] After generating a trigger frame with parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values, the shared access point wirelessly transmits the trigger frame to request the transmission of TB PPDUs from stations in its basic service set.

[0043] The method of this embodiment enhances coordination between shared access points and wireless devices in a duplicated basic service set and utilizes enhanced C-SR techniques with constrained transmit power, enabling efficient transmission of low-latency data during the allocated time of a shared access point in C-TDMA.

[0044] The embodiments also include a wireless device which includes a radio frequency transceiver, a memory device, a set of one or more processors coupled to the memory device, and a set of instructions stored in the memory device and configured to cause the wireless device to perform any of the methods described above.

[0045] Wireless communication

[0046] In this detailed description, only specific embodiments are illustrated and described for illustrative purposes only. As those skilled in the art will understand, all described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the drawings and description are to be considered illustrative and not restrictive. Throughout this specification, similar reference numerals indicate similar elements.

[0047] Referring here to Figure 1, it shows an exemplary wireless local area network (WLAN) 100. The WLAN 100 encompasses an exemplary basic service set (BSS) 102. The BSS 102 consists of a plurality of WLAN devices 104. Each WLAN device 104 within the BSS 102 has a medium access control (MAC) layer and a physical (PHY) layer, which comply with one or more IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 standards.

[0048] In the BSS102, at least one WLAN device 104 functions as an access point (AP) station 104A, while the remaining devices function as non-AP stations (non-AP STAs) 104B. In an ad-hoc network environment, all WLAN devices 104 may be non-AP STAs. Generally, both AP STAs and non-AP STAs may be referred to individually as one STA, or collectively as multiple STAs. However, to provide a clear example in this explanation, only non-AP STAs will be referred to as STAs.

[0049] Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram representing a WLAN device labeled as WLAN device 104, which includes several components. The baseband processor 210 is responsible for performing baseband signal processing and includes two subcomponents: a MAC processor 212 and a PHY processor 222. The MAC processor 212 may be further divided into a MAC software processing unit 214 and a MAC hardware processing unit 216. Memory 232, which may be a non-temporary computer-readable medium, stores MAC software that implements several functions of the MAC layer. The MAC software processing unit 214 executes this software, while the MAC hardware processing unit 216 implements the remaining MAC layer functions in hardware.

[0050] The PHY processor 222 includes a transmit (TX) signal processing unit 224 and a receive (RX) signal processing unit 226, which handle the physical layer processing of the transmit and receive signals, respectively.

[0051] Other components of the WLAN device 104 include an RF transceiver 240 for facilitating wireless communication, an antenna unit 250 for transmitting and receiving signals, an input interface unit 234 for receiving user input, and an output interface unit 236 for providing output to the user. All of these components, along with the baseband processor 210 and memory 232, communicate with each other through a bus 260 that serves as a communication path within the device.

[0052] The RF transceiver 240 is a component of the WLAN device 104, which includes two subcomponents: an RF transmitter 242 and an RF receiver 244. These subcomponents are responsible for transmitting and receiving RF signals, respectively.

[0053] In addition to storing MAC software, memory 232 may also store the operating system and various applications necessary for the WLAN device's functionality.

[0054] The input interface unit 234 is responsible for receiving information from the user, such as commands or data inputs. On the other hand, the output interface unit 236 is responsible for outputting information to the user, which may include status updates, processing data, or any other relevant information.

[0055] The antenna unit 250 includes one or more antennas to facilitate wireless communication between WLAN devices and other devices in the network. In cases where a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) or multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) system is employed, the antenna unit 250 may include multiple antennas to support these advanced communication techniques, thereby enhancing the capacity and performance of the wireless network.

[0056] Figure 3A shows the transmit signal processing unit 224 in the WLAN device 104. Unit 224 comprises several components that process the input data before transmission. The encoder 300 encodes the input data using forward error correction (FEC) techniques such as binary convolutional code (BCC) or low-density parity-check (LDPC) encoding. A scrambler may be used to scramble the input data before encoding to reduce the occurrence of long sequences of 0s or 1s. When BCC encoding is used, an encoder parser may be employed to demultiplex the scrambled bits among multiple BCC encoders.

[0057] The interleaver 302 rearranges the order of bits in each stream output from the encoder, which is only applicable when BCC coding is used. The mapper 304 then maps the interleaved bits to constellation points. If LDPC coding is used, the mapper 304 may perform LDPC tone mapping.

[0058] When MIMO or MU-MIMO is used, multiple interleavers 302 and mappers 304 may be employed, corresponding to the spatial stream number (NSS). The stream parser divides the output of the BCC encoder or LDPC encoder into blocks to be sent to different interleavers 302 or mappers 304. The space-time block code (STBC) encoder spreads constellation points from the spatial stream into the space-time stream, and the spatial mapper maps the space-time stream to the transmission chain using direct mapping, spatial expansion, or beamforming.

[0059] The inverse Fourier transformer (IFT) 306 converts constellation points from the mapper or spatial mapper into time-domain symbols using the inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) or the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT). When MIMO or MU-MIMO is used, cyclic shift diversity (CSD) may be inserted before or after the IFT, per transmission chain, per spatiotemporal stream, or as part of the spatial mapper to prevent unintended beamforming.

[0060] The guard interval (GI) inserter 308 prepends the GI to each symbol, and optional windowing may be applied to smooth the symbol edges. Finally, the RF transmitter 242 converts the symbols into RF signals and transmits them via the antenna unit 250. In a MIMO or MU-MIMO system, the GI inserter and RF transmitter may be provided for each transmission chain.

[0061] As shown in Figure 3B, the received signal processing unit 226 in the WLAN device 104 comprises several components for processing the received RF signal. The RF receiver 244 receives the RF signal via the antenna unit 250 and converts it into one or more symbols. The guard interval (GI) remover 318 removes the GI from the symbols. In a MIMO or MU-MIMO system, the RF receiver 244 and the GI remover 318 may be provided for each receiving chain.

[0062] The Fourier transformer (FT) 316 transforms time-domain symbols into blocks of constellation points using either a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) or a fast Fourier transform (FFT). In MIMO or MU-MIMO systems, a spatial demapper may be used to transform the Fourier-transformed receiver chain into constellation points of a spatiotemporal stream, and an STBC decoder may despread the constellation points from the spatiotemporal stream back into the spatial stream.

[0063] The demapper 314 demaps the constellation points from the FT316 or STBC decoder into a bitstream. If LDPC coding is used, the demapper may also perform LDPC tone demapping before constellation demapping. The deinterleaver 312 deinterleaves the bits of each stream from the demapper, which is only applicable when BCC coding is used.

[0064] In a MIMO or MU-MIMO system, multiple demappers 314 and deinterleavers 312 may be used, corresponding to the number of spatial streams. A stream deparser may be used to synthesize the streams from the deinterleavers.

[0065] Decoder 310 decodes the stream from deinterleaver 312 or stream deparser. The decoder may be an FEC decoder such as a BCC decoder or an LDPC decoder. A descrambler may be used to descramble the decoded data. When BCC decoding is used, the encoder deparser may multiplex the data decoded by multiple BCC decoders. When LDPC decoding is used, the encoder deparser is not required.

[0066] Figure 4 illustrates the relationships between different types of interframe spaces (IFS) in a WLAN system. WLAN devices can exchange data frames, control frames, or management frames. Data frames are used to transmit data to higher layers, and WLAN devices transmit data frames after performing a backoff when the Distributed Coordination Function (DIFS) has elapsed from the point when the medium was idle.

[0067] Management frames are used to exchange management information that is not forwarded to higher layers. Subtypes of management frames include beacon frames, association request / response frames, probe request / response frames, and authentication request / response frames. Control frames are used to control access to the medium and include subtypes such as request-to-send (RTS) frames, clear-to-send (CTS) frames, and acknowledgment (ACK) frames.

[0068] If the control frame is not a response frame to the previous frame, the WLAN device sends the control frame after performing a backoff when the DIFS has elapsed. On the other hand, if the control frame is a response frame to the previous frame, the WLAN device sends the control frame without performing a backoff when the short IFS (SIFS) has elapsed. The frame type and subtype can be identified by the type field and subtype field in the frame control field.

[0069] A Quality of Service (QoS) station (STA) may send a frame after performing a backoff if the arbitration IFS (AIFS) (e.g., AIFS[AC]) for the associated access category (AC) has elapsed. In this case, data frames, administrative frames, or control frames that are not response frames may use AIFS[AC].

[0070] Figure 5 illustrates the CSMA / CA baseframe transmission procedure for avoiding collisions between frames on a channel. In this scenario, STA1 is the transmitting WLAN device, STA2 is the receiving WLAN device, and STA3 is a WLAN device located in an area where it can receive frames transmitted from both STA1 and STA2.

[0071] STA1 may determine channel availability by carrier detection based on energy levels on the channel, signal correlations on the channel, or by using a network allocation vector (NAV) timer. After determining that the channel is idle for the duration of DIFS, STA1 performs a backoff and then sends an RTS frame to STA2. Upon receiving the RTS frame, STA2 responds with a CTS frame after SIFS.

[0072] When STA3 receives an RTS frame, it uses the duration information contained in the RTS frame to set its NAV timer for the transmission duration of subsequent frames. This duration may include SIFS + CTS frame duration + SIFS + data frame duration + SIFS + ACK frame duration. Similarly, when STA3 receives a CTS frame, it uses the duration information contained in the CTS frame to set its NAV timer for the transmission duration of subsequent frames. If STA3 receives a new frame before the NAV timer expires, it updates the NAV timer using the duration information in the new frame. STA3 does not attempt to access the channel until the NAV timer has expired.

[0073] After receiving a CTS frame from STA2, STA1 sends a data frame to STA2 after SIFS has elapsed since the CTS frame was fully received. If STA2 successfully receives the data frame, it responds with an ACK frame after SIFS has elapsed.

[0074] If the NAV timer expires, STA3 uses carrier detection techniques to determine whether the channel is busy. If the channel is not being used by another device during DIFS and after the NAV timer expires, STA3 may attempt to access the channel after the random backoff within the conflict window processing has elapsed.

[0075] The IEEE 802.11bn (Ultra High Reliability, UHR) working group was established to address the growing demand for higher peak throughput and reliability in Wi-Fi®. As shown in Figure 6, peak PHY rates have increased significantly from IEEE 802.11b to IEEE 802.11be (Wi-Fi® 7), with the latter focusing on further improvements in peak throughput. The UHR study group aims to enhance the tail and jitter of the latency distribution to support low-latency applications such as video over WLAN, gaming, AR, and VR.

[0076] IEEE 802.11be focuses on indoor and outdoor operation of WLANs in the 2.4GHz, 5GHz, and 6GHz frequency bands, and explores various candidate features such as 320MHz bandwidth, enhanced multiband / multichannel aggregation, 16 spatial streams, enhanced multi-AP coordination, and enhanced link adaptation and retransmission protocols.

[0077] Key features of IEEE 802.11bn(UHR) are still under discussion, with candidate features including MLO enhancements, improved latency and reliability, increased bandwidth, aggregate PPDU, enhanced multilink single radio extensions to APs, improved roaming, and power-saving schemes.

[0078] Some of these features, such as increased bandwidth and spatial stream count, have proven effective in previous projects aimed at increasing link throughput and are considered feasible.

[0079] The availability of the wide 6GHz unlicensed band (5.925GHz~7.125GHz) allows Wi-Fi® devices to access a wider bandwidth, enabling higher maximum PHY rates through data transmissions exceeding 160MHz (e.g., 320MHz / 640MHz). This can be achieved by transmitting data in the 6GHz band or across both the 5GHz and 6GHz bands.

[0080] In the wireless communication process, the transmitting station (STA) generates a Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) frame and transmits it to the receiving STA. The receiving STA then receives, detects, and processes the PPDU.

[0081] Ultra-high throughput (EHT) PPDU frames encompass several components. They include a legacy part, which includes fields such as the Legacy Short Training Field (L-STF), Legacy Long Training Field (L-LTF), Legacy Signal Field (L-SIG), and Repeated Legacy Signal Field (RL-SIG). These fields are used to maintain compatibility with older Wi-Fi® standards.

[0082] In addition to the legacy part, the EHT PPDU frame also includes the Universal Signal Field (U-SIG), EHT Signal Field (EHT-SIG), EHT Short Training Field (EHT-STF), and EHT Long Training Field (EHT-LTF). These fields are specific to the EHT standard and are used for various purposes such as signaling, synchronization, and channel estimation.

[0083] Figure 7 provides a more detailed description of each field in the EHT PPDU frame, including their purpose and characteristics.

[0084] Regarding the Ultra-High Reliability (UHR) PPDU, its framework structure is currently undefined and will be determined through further discussions within the relevant working groups or study groups. This indicates that the details of the UHR PPDU are still under development and will be finalized based on the results of future deliberations.

[0085] The distributed nature of channel access networks such as IEEE 802.11 WLANs makes carrier detection mechanisms useful for ensuring collision-free operation. Each station (STA) uses its physical carrier detection to detect transmissions from other STAs. However, in certain situations, it may not be possible for an STA to detect all transmissions. For example, if one STA is located far away from another STA, it may perceive the medium as idle and begin transmitting frames, potentially leading to collisions. To mitigate this hidden node problem, network allocation vectors (NAVs) have been introduced.

[0086] As the IEEE 802.11 standard continues to evolve, scenarios now exist in which multiple users can simultaneously transmit or receive data within a basic service set (BSS), including cascaded uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) multi-user (MU) transmissions. In these cases, existing carrier detection and NAV mechanisms may be insufficient, and modified or newly defined mechanisms may be required to facilitate efficient and collision-free operation.

[0087] For the purposes of this disclosure, MU transmission refers to a situation in which multiple frames are transmitted simultaneously to or from multiple STAs using different resources. Examples of these resources include different frequency resources in orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) transmission (as shown in Figure 8, for example) and different spatial streams in multi-user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) transmission. As a result, downlink OFDMA (DL-OFDMA), downlink MU-MIMO (DL-MU-MIMO), uplink OFDMA (UL-OFDMA), uplink MU-MIMO (UL-MU-MIMO), and OFDMA with MU-MIMO are all considered examples of MU transmission.

[0088] In the IEEE 802.11ax and 802.11be specifications, trigger frames play a useful role in facilitating uplink multi-user (MU) transmissions. The purpose of trigger frames is to allocate resources and request one or more trigger-based (TB) physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) transmissions from associated stations (STAs).

[0089] The trigger frame stores the information required for the responding STA to transmit those uplink TB PPDUs. This information includes a trigger type that specifies the expected type of TB PPDU, and an uplink length (UL Length) that indicates the duration of the uplink transmission.

[0090] Figure 9 illustrates an exemplary scenario in which an access point (AP) operating in an 80 MHz bandwidth environment sends a trigger frame to multiple associated STAs. Upon receiving the trigger frame, the STAs respond by sending their respective uplink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (UL OFDMA) TB PPDUs using resources allocated within the specified 80 MHz bandwidth.

[0091] After successfully receiving the UL OFDMA TB PPDU, the AP acknowledges the STA by sending an acknowledgment frame. This acknowledgment can take the form of an 80MHz wide multi-STA block acknowledgment (Block Ack) or a block acknowledgment using the Direct Feedback (DF) OFDMA method. A multi-STA Block Ack allows the AP to acknowledge multiple STAs simultaneously, while a Block Ack using DF OFDMA allows the AP to provide feedback to the STA using the same OFDMA technique employed in uplink transmission.

[0092] Trigger frames are a useful component in enabling efficient uplink MU transmission in IEEE 802.11ax and 802.11be networks by allocating resources and coordinating uplink transmissions from multiple STAs within the same bandwidth.

[0093] WLAN systems rely on retransmitting MAC protocol data units (MPDUs) if the transmitter (TX) does not receive an acknowledgment from the receiver (RX) or if the MPDU is not successfully decoded at the RX. In the conventional Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) method, the receiver discards the previously failed MPDU before receiving the newly retransmitted MPDU. To meet the requirements for enhanced reliability and reduced latency, the 11be working group decided to evolve this method toward Hybrid ARQ (HARQ).

[0094] HARQ processing can be performed using two methods: Type 1 HARQ, also known as Chase Combining (CC), and Type 2 HARQ, also known as Incremental Redundancy (IR).

[0095] In Type 1 HARQ (CC), all retransmitted subpackets use the same puncturing pattern, so the retransmitted signal is the same as the previously failed signal. Puncture removes some parity bits after encoding with error correction codes. By using the same puncturing pattern in CC-HARQ, a coded data sequence with forward error correction (FEC) is generated, allowing the receiver to use maximum-ratio combining (MRC) to combine the received bits with the same bits from the previous transmission. In a WLAN system, one HARQ packet is divided into four subpackets. The information sequence is typically transmitted in fixed-length packets, and error correction and detection are performed on the entire packet at the receiver. If a packet is found to be erroneous, the traditional ARQ scheme is inefficient when burst errors occur. By applying subpackets, this situation can be improved more efficiently because only the subpacket containing the error needs to be retransmitted.

[0096] The receiver decodes the packet using both the current and previously received subpackets, with the error probability decreasing as more subpackets are used. The decoding process terminates when the packet passes the CRC check and is decoded without errors, or when the maximum number of subpackets is reached. Since HARQ operates in a stop-and-wait protocol, the terminal sends an ACK to the transmitter if it can decode the packet, and the transmitter terminates the HARQ transmission when it correctly receives the ACK. If the terminal cannot decode the packet, it sends a NAK to the transmitter, triggering the retransmission process.

[0097] In Type 2 HARQ (IR), different puncturing patterns are used for each subpacket, causing the signal to change from subpacket to subpacket. IR alternates between two puncturing patterns for odd-numbered and even-numbered transmissions, resulting in a data sequence coded at the coding rate used in IR HARQ. The redundancy scheme of IR improves the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) of the parity bit by combining information transmitted across different transmissions, and reduces the coding rate as additional subpackets are used, resulting in a lower error rate compared to CC. The puncturing pattern used in HARQ is indicated by the Subpacket Identity (SPID). The SPID of the first subpacket is always set to 0, and it stores all systematic bits and punctured parity bits, allowing self-decoding if the receiving SNR environment is good. Generally, subpacket SPIDs are transmitted in ascending order, but can be swapped except for the first SPID.

[0098] Enhanced Cooperative Space Reuse Transmission to Support Low Latency Data

[0099] AP cooperation is being considered as a potential technique for improving WLAN system throughput in the IEEE 802.11be standard and is still being discussed in the IEEE 802.11bn(UHR) standard. A predefined mechanism for APs is needed to support various AP cooperation schemes, such as cooperative beamforming, OFDMA, TDMA, spatial reuse, and co-transmission.

[0100] In the context of Coordinated TDMA (C-TDMA), the AP that acquires the Transmit Opportunity (TXOP) is called the Shared AP. This AP initiates the AP Coordinated Scheme and determines the set of AP candidates by transmitting a frame, such as a beacon frame or probe response frame, that contains information about AP Coordinated Scheme capability. APs that join the AP Coordinated Scheme after receiving a frame from the Shared AP are called Shared APs. The Shared AP is also known as the Master AP or Coordinated AP, while the Shared AP is called the Slave AP or Coordinated AP.

[0101] The operation of various AP cooperation schemes is discussed in the IEEE 802.11be and UHR standards.

[0102] Coordinated beamforming (C-BF): Multiple access points (APs) transmit on the same frequency resource by coordinating and forming a spatial null, enabling simultaneous transmission from multiple APs.

[0103] Coordinated OFDMA (C-OFDMA): APs transmit over orthogonal frequency resources by coordinating and splitting the spectrum, enabling more efficient spectrum utilization.

[0104] Joint Transmission (JTX): Multiple access points (APs) share data among themselves to simultaneously transmit it to a given user.

[0105] Cooperative Spatial Reuse (C-SR): Multiple APs or STAs adjust their transmit power to reduce interference between APs.

[0106] By implementing these AP cooperation schemes, WLAN systems can improve their overall throughput and efficiency by leveraging collaboration among multiple APs.

[0107] Multi-access point (M-AP) cooperation technology is a useful candidate feature in IEEE 802.11 standards, including future Wi-Fi® standards such as IEEE 802.11be and 802.11bn. Various M-AP technologies, such as cooperative TDMA (C-TDMA), cooperative OFDMA (C-OFDMA), and cooperative spatial reuse (C-SR), are being considered. These technologies aim to increase spectral efficiency and facilitate the transmission of low-latency (LL) data in high-density networks.

[0108] In the case of C-TDMA, the TXOP holder AP (shared AP) can share its transmission opportunity (TXOP) with the shared AP. During the shared TXOP duration, the shared AP can transmit its PPDU or request a PPDU from the associated STA. If LL data occurs on the shared AP side during the acquired TXOP duration, it can be transmitted efficiently. However, due to the non-deterministic and event-based nature of LL data, it can occur on the shared AP side only when the entire TXOP period has been completely handed over to the shared AP.

[0109] According to current TXOP management rules, non-TXOP holder devices are not permitted to transmit data during the TXOP duration of other devices. This means that LL data generated on the shared AP side during the TXOP duration of the shared AP cannot be transmitted in the C-TDMA scheme. To address this issue, this disclosure proposes an enhanced C-SR scheme that enables the transmission of LL data on the shared AP side without collision or with minimal interference during the TXOP duration of the shared AP. This enhancement aims to improve the efficiency and responsiveness of LL data transmission in M-AP cooperative scenarios.

[0110] In the current state of Cooperative Space Reuse (C-SR) transmission, two modes are being considered: overlapping BSS (OBSS) packet detection and parameterized SR (PSR) based. In OBSS / PD mode, the clear channel assessment (CCA) threshold is dynamically adjusted to ignore frames from other BSSs (inter-BSS frames). This allows the device to transmit even if there is ongoing communication in a neighboring BSS, as long as the signal strength of the inter-BSS frame falls below the adjusted CCA threshold.

[0111] In PSR mode, stations (STAs) control their transmit power to minimize interference with device transmissions in overlapping BSSs. By reducing transmit power, STAs can limit the impact their transmissions have on nearby devices, enabling more efficient space reuse.

[0112] This disclosure proposes an enhanced C-SR transmission method specifically designed for Coordinated TDMA (C-TDMA) situations. This enhanced C-SR transmission aims to support low-latency (LL) data occurring on the shared AP side. In C-TDMA, the shared AP shares its transmission opportunity (TXOP) with the shared AP. However, if LL data arrives at the shared AP during a shared TXOP, it cannot be transmitted immediately due to the current TXOP management rules. The proposed enhanced C-SR transmission method attempts to address this challenge by enabling the shared AP to transmit LL data during a shared TXOP without causing significant interference to the shared AP's transmission.

[0113] Figure 9 shows an example of Cooperative TDMA (C-TDMA) in an overlapping BSS (OBSS) network where two BSSs, BSS1 (AP1, STA11) and BSS2 (AP2, STA21, STA22), overlap. The shared AP (AP1) and shared AP (AP2) participating in C-TDMA are predefined using beacon frames, management frames, or other means. To initiate C-TDMA, an enhanced MU-RTS TXS frame is introduced, which contains functions or entities for TXOP sharing between APs. In this scenario, AP1 shares its own TXOP with AP2 using an enhanced MU-RTS TXS frame. Assume that the STAs associated with the shared AP (AP2) may not set a Basic Network Allocation Vector (NAV) if they overheard an enhanced MU-RTS TXS frame (inter-BSS frame) from the shared AP (AP1).

[0114] This disclosure aims to address the challenge of transmitting randomly occurring low-latency (LL) traffic without significant delay in an IEEE 802.11 network. In the example shown in Figure 9, LL traffic may occur on AP1 when it completes forwarding its TXOP to the shared AP (AP2). However, due to the handover of the TXOP from AP1 to AP2 in a C-TDMA scenario, AP1 is not permitted to transmit LL traffic until the end of AP2's TXOP duration. To overcome this limitation, this disclosure proposes an enhanced cooperative space reuse (C-SR) method utilizing trigger frames, as shown in the example in Figure 9. This enhanced C-SR method enables AP1 to transmit LL data traffic even when it does not have channel access rights during AP2's TXOP. By employing this technique, the delay in transmitting LL traffic is reduced or minimized, thereby improving the overall performance and responsiveness of the network.

[0115] Figure 10 shows an example of parameterized spatial reuse (PSR)-based enhanced coordinated spatial reuse (C-SR) operation when low latency (LL) traffic occurs on the AP2 side in an overlapping BSS (OBSS) network. In this scenario, two BSSs, BSS1 (AP1, STA11) and BSS2 (AP2, STA21, STA22), are overlapping. Conventional operation without enhanced C-SR involves STA11 receiving a trigger frame (TF) from AP1, then sending its trigger-based (TB) PPDU (uplink) to AP1, and AP1 returning an ACK frame. In this case, AP2 sets an inter-BSS network allocation vector (NAV) (e.g., basic NAV) to protect the TB PPDU from the triggered STA (STA11).

[0116] However, in an enhanced C-SR scenario, we assume that AP2 does not need to identify an enhanced C-SR opportunity and choose to perform a NAV update operation (e.g., NAV timer). Instead, AP2 can establish a link to transmit LL data using the PSR mechanism shown in Figure 10. The stages of the PSR mechanism are shown in the example in Figure 10 by numbered circles.

[0117] In Stage 1, the process begins when AP1 sends a TF to STA11 to request a TB PPDU. The TF includes the PSR_INPUT parameter, which is calculated using Equation 1 below.

[0118] Formula 1: PSR_INPUT=TX_PWR_AP+Acceptable Receiver Interference Level_AP

[0119] The PSR_INPUT parameter depends on the total power used by AP1 to transmit the TF (TX_PWR_AP) and the maximum interference level that AP1 can recognize (Acceptable Receiver Interference Level_AP). Both TX_PWR_AP and Acceptable Receiver Interference Level AP can be specified in decibel-milliwatt (dBm) units in Equation 1.

[0120] In stage 2, AP2 can overheard the TF from AP1 and identify an enhanced C-SR opportunity. AP2 can transmit LL data that occurs after receiving the TF from AP1 if the duration of the enhanced C-SR condition triggered by AP1 is sufficiently long, meaning the duration field in the TF is long enough to cover the frame exchange required to support AP2's LL data (e.g., "LL data" + "SIFS or PIFS" + "ACK" + "@"). This means that AP2 can capture an enhanced C-SR opportunity during the enhanced C-SR condition duration, as shown in the example in Figure 10. The duration field in the TF transmitted by AP1 may be calculated as the sum of the lengths of ("trigger frame" + "SIFS" + "UL TB PPDU" + "ACK" + "@"). When AP2 overheard its TF, it can identify the duration field and determine whether its duration is long enough to support its LL data transmission. In these examples, the "@" symbol is used to represent any time margin or buffer added to the duration calculation to account for potential delays, various events, or uncertainties in the timing of frame exchanges.

[0121] When AP2 transmits LL data to STA21 during the C-SR condition validity period, it must control its transmit power using the enhanced C-SR value indicated in the TF from AP1. The transmit power of AP2 is calculated using Equation 2 below:

[0122] Equation 2: Transmit power_AP2 - 10*log(TX_BW_AP2 / 20MHZ)<=PSR_INPUT-RPL

[0123] Equation 2 takes into account the intended transmit bandwidth (TX_BW_AP2) and the received power level (RPL) of the TF. The parameter TX_BW_AP2 can be specified in Equation 2 in megahertz (MHz). The RPL parameter can be specified in Equation 2 in decibel-milliwatts (dBm).

[0124] By employing this power control mechanism, AP2 can transmit LL data without significant delay and without interrupting TB PPDU transmission from STA11 to AP1. This enhanced C-SR operation enables efficient transmission of LL traffic in the OBSS network while minimizing interference between overlapping BSSs.

[0125] An example of the Enhanced Cooperative Spatial Reuse (C-SR) scheme shown in Figure 10 can be extended to a Cooperative Time-Division Multiple Access (C-TDMA) scenario. In this scenario, if low-latency (LL) data traffic arrives at AP1 after AP1 has handed over its Transmit Opportunity (TXOP) to AP2, the enhanced and enhanced C-SR mechanism can be utilized to transmit the LL data without significant delay.

[0126] Figure 11 shows a scenario where AP1 and AP2 are associated for C-TDMA, and AP1 shares its TXOP with AP2. During AP2's TXOP duration, AP2 sends trigger frames (TFs) to STA21 and STA22 to request a trigger-based (TB) PPDU. At this point, AP1 can overhear the TFs sent by AP2 to STA21 and STA22, and it becomes possible to identify enhanced C-SR opportunities based on the information provided in the TFs.

[0127] Furthermore, after overhearing the TF from AP2, the LL data intended for STA11 arrives at AP1. AP1 can transmit this LL data without significant delay by adjusting its transmit power. The adjusted transmit power can be calculated using the PSR_INPUT value and the received power level (RPL) value shown in the TF transmitted by AP2, as illustrated in the example given in Figure 10.

[0128] By employing this enhanced and improved C-SR mechanism in a C-TDMA scenario, AP1 can efficiently transmit LL data to its associated station (STA11) during AP2's TXOP without causing significant delay or disruption to ongoing communication between AP2 and its associated stations (STA21 and STA22). This technique improves the overall performance and responsiveness of the wireless network when handling low-latency traffic.

[0129] An extension of the Enhanced Cooperative Space Reuse (C-SR) scenario, including a station (STA) associated with a shared access point (AP), as illustrated in the example in Figure 12. In this scenario, it is assumed that an STA associated with a shared AP (AP1) may not set a basic network allocation vector (NAV) when it overheard a transmit permission (CTS) frame from a shared AP (AP2) in response to an Enhanced Multi-User Request to Send Transmit Sequence (MU-RTS TXS) frame from the shared AP.

[0130] Furthermore, assume that an STA that identifies an enhanced C-SR opportunity, such as when overheard a trigger frame (TF) from AP2 (as shown in the example in Figure 11), may choose not to perform a NAV update operation (e.g., a NAV timer). Instead, these STAs can establish a link to transmit low-latency (LL) data using a parameterized spatial reuse (PSR) mechanism. The steps for applying this mechanism to the STA are similar to those shown as numbered circles in the example in Figure 10.

[0131] Figure 12 specifically illustrates an example of enhanced C-SR operation in a Cooperative Time-Division Multiple Access (C-TDMA) scenario when LL data occurs at STA11 associated with a shared AP (AP1). In this case, STA11 can leverage the enhanced C-SR opportunity to transmit its LL data without significant delay, while still allowing the shared AP (AP2) to continue its communication with its associated STA.

[0132] By extending the enhanced C-SR mechanism to include STAs associated with shared APs, wireless networks can further improve their efficiency and responsiveness when handling low-latency traffic. This approach allows STAs to actively participate in the spatial reuse process, reducing latency and enhancing the overall network performance in C-TDMA scenarios.

[0133] Figure 14 is a flowchart of Method 1400 performed by a wireless device acting as a first access point (e.g., AP1 in Figure 11) in a first basic service set (e.g., BSS1 in Figure 11). This Method aims to facilitate low-latency data transmission by a second access point (e.g., AP2 in Figure 11) in a second basic service set (e.g., BSS2 in Figure 11) that overlaps with the first basic service set (e.g., BSS1 in Figure 11), while minimizing interference between these two access points. For the purpose of providing a clear example, the steps of Method 1400 are described below with reference to the example in Figure 11 in parentheses. However, it should be noted that Method 1400 is not limited to the example in Figure 11.

[0134] Stage 1402: Generate a trigger frame.

[0135] The first access point (e.g., AP1) generates a trigger frame to request the transmission of a trigger-based physical protocol data unit (TB PPDU) from a station (e.g., STA11) within its base service set (BSS1). The trigger frame contains parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values, which are intended for use by a second access point (e.g., AP2) in a second base service set (e.g., BSS2). These parameter values ​​help the second access point determine the appropriate transmit power for transmitting low-latency data under enhanced cooperative spatial reuse conditions.

[0136] Including parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​in the trigger frame is useful because it allows the second access point to transmit low-latency data using constrained transmit power. This technique allows transmissions from both a station (e.g., STA11) in the first base service set (e.g., BSS1) and a second access point (e.g., AP2) to coexist without causing harmful interference to each other, resulting in increased spectral efficiency in scenarios where the two base service sets overlap.

[0137] Step 1404: Send the trigger frame wirelessly.

[0138] After generating a trigger frame using parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values, the first access point (e.g., AP1) wirelessly transmits the trigger frame to request the transmission of a TB PPDU from a station (e.g., STA11) in its base service set (e.g., BSS1).

[0139] Sending a trigger frame serves at least two purposes:

[0140] This prompts the station (e.g., STA11) to send a TB PPDU, which is the primary purpose of the trigger frame.

[0141] This allows parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​to be transmitted to a second access point (e.g., AP2), which can then determine the appropriate transmit power for transmitting low-latency data under enhanced cooperative spatial reuse conditions.

[0142] Method 1400 enhances coordination between access points in overlapping base service sets by generating and transmitting trigger frames that store parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values. These parameter values ​​enable a second access point (e.g., AP2) to efficiently transmit low-latency data during shared time allocation using enhanced C-SR techniques with constrained transmit power, ultimately improving spectral efficiency and minimizing interference in overlapping base service sets.

[0143] Figure 15 illustrates Method 1500 performed by a wireless device acting as a first access point (e.g., AP2 in Figure 11) in a first basic service set (e.g., BSS2 in Figure 11). Method 1500 aims to enable the first access point (e.g., AP2) to efficiently transmit low-latency data within a shared time allocation by utilizing an enhanced coordinated space reuse (C-SR) technique with constrained transmit power. For the purpose of providing a clear example, the steps of Method 1500 are described below with reference in parentheses to the example in Figure 11. However, it should be noted that Method 1500 is not limited to the example in Figure 11.

[0144] Stage 1502: Receive the trigger frame.

[0145] The first access point (e.g., AP2) receives a trigger frame sent by the second access point (e.g., AP1) in a second basic service set (e.g., BSS1) that overlaps with the first basic service set (e.g., BSS2). The second access point (e.g., AP1) sends this trigger frame to request the transmission of a trigger-based physical protocol data unit (TB PPDU) from a station (e.g., STA11) within its basic service set (e.g., BSS1).

[0146] The received trigger frame contains parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​intended for use by the first access point (e.g., AP2). These parameter values ​​help the first access point (e.g., AP2) determine the appropriate transmit power for transmitting low-latency data under enhanced coordinated spatial reuse conditions.

[0147] Step 1504: Determine the specific transmission power.

[0148] Upon receiving a trigger frame, the first access point (e.g., AP2) determines a specific transmit power for transmitting low-latency data under enhanced cooperative spatial reuse conditions, based on the parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​provided in the trigger frame.

[0149] The parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​enable the first access point (e.g., AP2) to calculate the optimal transmit power that allows it to transmit low-latency data without causing significant interference to the station (e.g., STA11) in the second base service set (e.g., BSS1).

[0150] Stage 1506: Transmit low-latency data wirelessly.

[0151] Once an appropriate transmit power is determined, the first access point (e.g., AP2) wirelessly transmits low-latency data at the determined transmit power under enhanced cooperative spatial reuse conditions. This technique enables the first access point (e.g., AP2) to transmit low-latency data using constrained transmit power through the enhanced C-SR technique.

[0152] By using transmit power determined from parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values, the first access point (e.g., AP2) can support the transmission of low-latency data that can coexist with ongoing communications in the second basic service set (e.g., BSS1), such as TB PPDU (UL) transmissions from a station (e.g., STA11), without causing harmful interference, resulting in increased spectral efficiency.

[0153] Method 1500 enables a first access point (e.g., AP2) to efficiently transmit low-latency data by utilizing an enhanced C-SR technique with constrained transmit power. Method 1500 includes receiving a trigger frame from a second access point (e.g., AP1) containing parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values, determining appropriate transmit power based on these values, and wirelessly transmitting low-latency data at the determined power level, ultimately minimizing interference and improving overall network performance.

[0154] Figure 16 illustrates Method 1600 performed by a wireless device acting as a shared access point (e.g., AP2 in Figure 12 or Figure 13) in a first basic service set (e.g., BSS2 in Figure 12 or Figure 13). Method 1600 aims to facilitate the transmission of low-latency data by a wireless device (e.g., AP1 in Figure 12 or STA11 in Figure 13) in a second basic service set (e.g., BSS1 in Figure 12 or Figure 13) that overlaps with the first basic service set (e.g., BSS2 in Figure 12 or Figure 13), while minimizing interference between these two basic service sets. For the purpose of providing a clear example, the steps of Method 1600 are described below with reference in parentheses to the example in Figure 12 or Figure 13. However, it should be noted that Method 1600 is not limited to the example in Figure 12 or Figure 13.

[0155] Stage 1602: Generate a trigger frame.

[0156] A shared access point (e.g., AP2 in Figure 12 or Figure 13) generates a trigger frame to request the transmission of a trigger-based physical protocol data unit (TB PPDU) from a station (e.g., STA21 and / or STA22 in Figure 12 or Figure 13) within its base service set (e.g., BSS2 in Figure 12 or Figure 13). The trigger frame contains parameterized space reuse input parameter values, which are intended for use by a wireless device (e.g., AP1 in Figure 12 or STA11 in Figure 13) in a duplicate base service set (e.g., BSS1 in Figure 12 or Figure 13).

[0157] The parameterized spatial reuse input parameter value helps a wireless device (e.g., AP1 in Figure 12 or STA11 in Figure 13) in a second base service set (e.g., BSS1 in Figure 12 or Figure 13) determine the appropriate transmit power for transmitting low-latency data under enhanced cooperative spatial reuse conditions. By including this value in the trigger frame, a shared access point (e.g., AP2 in Figure 12 or Figure 13) enables the wireless device (e.g., AP1 or STA11 in Figure 12 or Figure 13) in the second base service set (e.g., BSS1 in Figure 12 or Figure 13) to transmit low-latency data within the shared access point's (e.g., AP2) allocated time using the constrained transmit power through the enhanced cooperative spatial reuse (C-SR) technique.

[0158] This method allows transmissions from both a TB PPDU transmitting station (e.g., STA21 and / or STA22 in Figure 12 or Figure 13) and a low-latency data transmitting wireless device (e.g., AP1 in Figure 12 or STA11 in Figure 13) in a second basic service set (e.g., BSS1 in Figure 12 or Figure 13) to coexist without causing harmful interference to each other, resulting in increased spectral efficiency in scenarios where the two basic service sets overlap.

[0159] Step 1506: Send the trigger frame wirelessly.

[0160] After generating a trigger frame using parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values, the shared access point (e.g., AP2 in Figure 12 or Figure 13) wirelessly transmits the trigger frame to request the transmission of TB PPDUs from stations (e.g., STA21 and / or STA22 in Figure 12 or Figure 13) in its base service set (e.g., BSS2 in Figure 12 or Figure 13).

[0161] Sending a trigger frame serves two purposes:

[0162] This prompts the station (for example, STA21 and / or STA22 in Figure 12 or Figure 13) to send a TB PPDU, which is the primary purpose of the trigger frame.

[0163] This allows parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​to be transmitted to a wireless device (e.g., AP1 in Figure 12 or STA11 in Figure 13) in a second basic service set (e.g., BSS1 in Figure 12 or Figure 13), which then determines the appropriate transmit power for transmitting low-latency data under enhanced cooperative spatial reuse conditions.

[0164] Method 1600 enhances coordination between a shared access point (e.g., AP2 in Figure 12 or Figure 13) and a wireless device (e.g., AP1 in Figure 12 or STA11 in Figure 13) in a duplicate base service set (e.g., BSS1 in Figure 12 or Figure 13) by generating and transmitting a trigger frame containing parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values. These parameter values ​​enable a wireless device (e.g., AP1 in Figure 12 or STA11 in Figure 13) in a second base service set (e.g., BSS1 in Figure 12 or Figure 13) to efficiently transmit low-latency data during shared time allocation using enhanced C-SR techniques with constrained transmit power, ultimately improving spectral efficiency and minimizing interference between base service sets.

[0165] Wireless devices of Methods 1400, 1500, and 1600 can be electronic devices that can communicate with other devices or networks without requiring physical wires or cables. These devices use radio frequency (RF) waves to transmit and receive data in the air, enabling users to access information, communicate, and perform various tasks while maintaining mobility and flexibility. Wireless devices come in many forms, including smartphones, tablets, laptops, smartwatches, wireless headphones, and IoT (Internet of Things) devices such as smart home appliances and sensors. These devices are equipped with one or more antennas and wireless transceivers that enable them to transmit and receive wireless signals. They also have processors, memory, and software that enable them to process data, run applications, and provide user interfaces. Wireless devices can communicate using various wireless technologies and standards such as Wi-Fi®, Bluetooth®, cellular networks (e.g., 4G, 5G), NFC (Near Field Communication), and RFID (Radio Frequency Identification). These technologies differ in terms of their range, data transfer speed, power consumption, and intended applications.

[0166] The Basic Service Set (BSS) of Methods 1400, 1500, and 1600 may be the basic building blocks of a wireless local area network (WLAN) as defined by the IEEE 802.11 standard. It comprises a group of wireless devices, also known as stations (STAs), that communicate with each other within a specific coverage area. The BSS is managed by an access point (AP), which acts as a central hub for communication and coordination between stations.

[0167] In a BSS, an access point may perform several functions. It may periodically broadcast beacon frames to announce the presence and capabilities of the wireless network, such as supported data rates, security settings, and quality of service (QoS) parameters. The AP may also manage the association and authentication of stations wishing to join the network, assigning them unique identifiers and allocating resources to their communication needs.

[0168] In a BSS, stations can communicate with each other through access points that act as relays for data traffic. If a station wishes to send data to another station within the same BSS, it may first send the data to the AP, which then forwards it to the intended recipient. This mode of communication is known as infrastructure mode, in contrast to ad-hoc mode, where stations communicate directly with each other without the need for access points.

[0169] In the context of Methods 1400, 1500, and 1600, multiple basic service sets (e.g., BSS1 and BSS2) are mentioned, which may overlap in terms of their coverage areas. This scenario is common in high-density wireless environments such as office buildings or apartment complexes, where multiple access points are deployed to provide seamless connectivity to users. In such cases, coordination between access points may be used to minimize interference and facilitate the efficient use of available wireless resources used by the techniques disclosed herein.

[0170] Basic service sets (BSSs) can overlap when their coverage areas intersect, allowing wireless devices in one BSS to detect transmissions from devices in another BSS and potentially interfere with them. Several methods exist to determine whether two BSSs overlap.

[0171] Signal Strength Measurement: A wireless device in one BSS can measure the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) of a transmission from a device in another BSS. If the RSSI exceeds a certain threshold, it indicates that the two BSSs are close enough to overlap. Access points (APs) can use this information to make decisions regarding channel selection, transmit power control, and other network management functions.

[0172] Beacon Frame Detection: Each AP in a BSS periodically broadcasts beacon frames to announce its presence and provide information about the network. A wireless device in one BSS can listen for beacon frames from APs in other BSSs. If a device detects beacon frames from multiple APs on the same or adjacent channel, it suggests that the BSSs overlap.

[0173] Client device feedback: Wireless clients such as smartphones, tablets, or laptops can provide feedback to the network regarding the presence of duplicate BSSs. For example, a client device may report that it can simultaneously hear beacon frames or other transmissions from multiple APs, which indicates that BSSs are duplicated.

[0174] In the context of Methods 1400, 1500, and 1600, the determination of overlapping BSSs may be performed to implement enhanced coordinated spatial reuse (C-SR) techniques. By identifying which BSSs overlap, APs can exchange information and coordinate their transmissions to minimize interference and optimize the use of available spectral resources. This coordination may be achieved through the use of trigger frames that store parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values, which help determine appropriate transmit power levels for devices to transmit low-latency data in overlapping BSSs.

[0175] The trigger frames of methods 1400, 1500, and 1600 may be a type of control frame introduced in the IEEE 802.11ax (Wi-Fi® 6) standard to facilitate efficient multi-user communication in wireless networks. They may be transmitted by an access point (AP) to one or more stations (STAs) to request simultaneous uplink transmission, enabling improved channel utilization and reduced overhead compared to conventional single-user communication.

[0176] The trigger frame may store information used by stations to participate in the next multi-user uplink transmission. This information may include station-specific resource allocations, such as specific subcarriers and time slots assigned to each station in the uplink multi-user transmission. The trigger frame may also specify the type of data expected from each station, such as trigger-based physical protocol data units (TB PPDUs) or quality of service (QoS) data frames.

[0177] Upon receiving a trigger frame, the station may prepare the data according to the specified requirements and wait for the allocated time slot to begin its uplink transmission. The AP may then receive uplink transmissions from multiple stations simultaneously, which can significantly increase the overall throughput and efficiency of the wireless network.

[0178] In the context of Methods 1400, 1500, and 1600, trigger frames may serve additional purposes beyond facilitating multi-user uplink transmissions. They may also include parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​intended for use by wireless devices (e.g., APs or STAs) in neighboring or overlapping basic service sets (BSSs). These parameter values ​​may help wireless devices determine appropriate transmit power for transmitting low-latency data under enhanced coordinated spatial reuse (C-SR) conditions, enabling simultaneous transmission in overlapping BSSs while minimizing interference.

[0179] By including parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​in the trigger frame, the AP may enable wireless devices in nearby BSSs to transmit low-latency data within the allocated time of the shared AP using constrained transmit power. This technique may promote efficient spatial reuse and enhance overall network performance in high-density wireless environments where multiple BSSs coexist.

[0180] The TB PPDUs, or trigger-based physical protocol data units, of Methods 1400, 1500, and 1600 may be a type of data unit transmitted by a station (STA) in response to a trigger frame transmitted by an access point (AP) in a wireless local area network (WLAN) supporting the IEEE 802.11ax (Wi-Fi® 6) standard or later. The TB PPDU may be a component of the multi-user uplink transmission mechanism introduced in Wi-Fi® 6 to improve network efficiency and throughput.

[0181] If an AP wishes to initiate multi-user uplink transmission, it may send a trigger frame to one or more STAs, specifying the resources allocated to each STA for transmitting its data. The trigger frame may include information such as the time slot, frequency subcarrier, and spatial stream allocated to each STA. Upon receiving the trigger frame, the STAs may prepare the data in the form of a TB PPDU, which can be designed to fit within their allocated resources.

[0182] A TB PPDU may include a preamble and a data field. The preamble may store information for the AP to detect, synchronize, and decode incoming transmissions, such as the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) and spatial stream configuration. The data field may carry the actual payload, which may be a MAC protocol data unit (MPDU) or aggregate MPDU (A-MPDU).

[0183] The TB PPDU may be transmitted by the STA within its allocated time slot and frequency resources, as specified in the trigger frame. The AP may then receive TB PPDUs simultaneously from multiple STAs, enabling efficient multi-user uplink communication. This technique may reduce the overhead associated with individual STA transmissions and allow for better utilization of available channel resources.

[0184] In the context of methods 1400, 1500, and 1600, the TB PPDU may be the expected response from the STA to a trigger frame transmitted by the AP. The trigger frame may request the transmission of a TB PPDU from the STA within the same Basic Service Set (BSS) as the AP. In addition, the trigger frame may include parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values, which are intended to be used by wireless devices (e.g., APs or STAs) in neighboring or overlapping BSSs to determine appropriate transmit power for transmitting low-latency data under Enhanced Coordinated Spatial Reuse (C-SR) conditions.

[0185] Low-latency data in methods 1400, 1500, and 1600 may include data traffic that requires minimal delay between the time it is transmitted and the time it is received. In the context of wireless networks, low-latency data may be important for latency-sensitive applications and services such as real-time voice and video communications, online gaming, virtual reality, and industrial control systems.

[0186] In these applications, even small delays in data transmission can result in significant quality degradation, a reduced user experience, or functional failure. For example, in voice calls, high latency can cause stuttering, echoes, or dropped words, making it difficult to understand the conversation. Similarly, in online gaming, high latency can lead to lag, resulting in a competitive disadvantage and player frustration.

[0187] Various techniques and technologies have been developed to support low-latency data transmission in wireless networks. These include optimized media access control (MAC) protocols, quality of service (QoS) mechanisms, and advanced physical layer (PHY) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) and multi-user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO).

[0188] In the context of Methods 1400, 1500, and 1600, low-latency data transmission may be a concern in scenarios where multiple basic service sets (BSSs) overlap. When an access point (AP) in one BSS is transmitting low-latency data, minimizing interference from neighboring BSSs may be useful to facilitate data delivery with minimal delay.

[0189] To address this challenge, methods 1400, 1500, and 1600 include APs that may include parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​in their trigger frames. These parameter values ​​may be intended for use by wireless devices (e.g., APs or stations) in neighboring BSSs to determine appropriate transmit power for transmitting their own low-latency data under enhanced coordinated spatial reuse (C-SR) conditions. By coordinating the transmit power levels and timing of low-latency data transmissions across overlapping BSSs, the network may minimize interference and facilitate the delivery of low-latency data with the required quality of service.

[0190] This disclosure proposes an enhanced coordinated spatial reuse (C-SR) mechanism to improve spectral utilization in coordinated time-division multiple access (C-TDMA) scenarios. In a typical C-TDMA scenario, a shared access point (AP) is not permitted to transmit or receive frames during the time allocated to the shared AP, which is known as the service time of the shared AP. This restriction can result in significant delays when low-latency (LL) data occurs on the shared AP side, because LL traffic cannot be transmitted immediately.

[0191] To address this challenge, this disclosure discloses a method that enables a shared AP to transmit LL traffic without significant delay, even during the service hours of the shared AP. By employing an enhanced C-SR mechanism, the shared AP can efficiently utilize available spectral resources to transmit LL data, improving the overall performance and responsiveness of the wireless network.

[0192] Furthermore, the disclosed method reduces the probability of collisions and minimizes interference during the transmission opportunity (TXOP) duration of the shared AP. By coordinating spatial reuse of the spectrum, the enhanced C-SR mechanism facilitates the coexistence of shared AP LL traffic with ongoing transmissions of the shared AP and its associated stations without causing significant disruption or interference.

[0193] This disclosure introduces an enhanced C-SR mechanism that optimizes spectrum utilization in C-TDMA scenarios, enabling shared APs to transmit LL traffic without significant delay and reducing the likelihood of collisions and interference during the allocated service time of shared APs. These improvements contribute to more efficient and responsive wireless networks, particularly in situations where low-latency traffic is useful.

[0194] Other considerations

[0195] The solutions presented in this document are described in the context of wireless LAN systems. However, it is important to note that these solutions are not limited to wireless LANs and can be applied to other network environments such as cellular telecommunications networks and wired networks.

[0196] One embodiment of the present disclosure may take the form of a product that stores instructions for programming one or more data processing components, referred to as “processors” or “processing units,” so that a non-volatile machine-readable medium, such as a microelectronic memory, performs the operations described above. In other embodiments, some of these operations may be performed by specific hardware components, including hardwired logic such as dedicated digital filter blocks and state machines. Alternatively, these operations may be performed by a combination of programmed data processing components and fixed hardwired circuit components.

[0197] In some cases, one embodiment of the present invention may be a device such as an access point station (AP STA), a non-AP station (non-AP STA), or another network or computing device, which includes one or more hardware and software logic structures for performing one or more of the operations described. For example, as stated above, the device may include a memory unit that stores instructions executable by a hardware processor installed in the device. The device may also incorporate additional hardware or software elements such as a network interface or a display device.

[0198] Some parts of the detailed explanation above were presented in terms of algorithms and symbolic representations of operations on data bits in computer memory. These descriptions and representations of algorithms are methods used by those skilled in the field of data processing to most effectively communicate the substance of their research to others skilled in the field.

[0199] An algorithm, here and also generally, is considered a coherent sequence of actions that produce a desired result. An action is an action that requires a physical operation on a physical quantity. Usually, though not always, these quantities take the form of electrical or magnetic signals that can be stored, synthesized, compared, and otherwise manipulated. Primarily for reasons of common use, it sometimes proves convenient to refer to these signals as bits, values, elements, symbols, characters, terms, numbers, or similar.

[0200] However, it should be kept in mind that all these and similar terms should be associated with appropriate physical quantities and are merely convenient labels applied to those physical quantities. This disclosure may refer to actions and processes of a computer system or similar electronic computing device that manipulates and converts data, which is represented as a physical (electronic) quantity in the registers and memory of a computer system, to other data, which is similarly represented as a physical quantity in the memory or registers or other such information storage systems of a computer system.

[0201] This disclosure also relates to apparatus for performing the operations described herein. Such apparatus may include a general-purpose computer that may be specifically constructed for an intended purpose or selectively invoked or reconfigured by a computer program stored in the computer. For example, a computer system or other data processing system may perform the computer implementation methods described herein in response to its processor executing a computer program (e.g., a sequence of instructions) contained in memory or other non-volatile machine-readable storage media. Such computer programs may be stored in computer-readable storage media such as any type of disk, including floppy disks, optical disks, CD-ROMs, and magneto-optical disks, each coupled to a computer system bus, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), EPROM, EEPROM, magnetic or optical cards, or any type of medium suitable for storing electronic instructions.

[0202] The algorithms and displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer or other device. Various general-purpose systems may be used with programs following the teachings herein, or it may be convenient to construct more specialized devices to perform the methods. The structures of these diverse systems will appear as described below. In addition, this disclosure is not described with reference to any particular programming language. It will be understood that a variety of programming languages ​​may be used to implement the teachings of this disclosure as described herein.

[0203] This disclosure may be provided as a computer program product or software that includes a machine-readable medium on which instructions are stored, and these instructions can be used to program a computer system (or other electronic device) to perform a process in accordance with this disclosure. The machine-readable medium includes any mechanism for storing information in a form that is readable by a machine (e.g., a computer). In some embodiments, the machine-readable (e.g., computer-readable) medium includes machine-readable (e.g., computer) storage media, such as read-only memory ("ROM"), random-access memory ("RAM"), magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flash memory components, and the like.

[0204] In the aforementioned specification, embodiments of the present disclosure were described with reference to specific exemplary embodiments. It is evident that various modifications can be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure, such as those described in the following claims. Therefore, this specification and the drawings should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

Claims

1. A method performed by a wireless device operating as a first access point in a first basic service set, the method being: A step of generating a trigger frame to request the transmission of a trigger-based physical protocol data unit (TB PPDU) from a station in the first basic service set, wherein the trigger frame includes parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​for use by a second access point in a second basic service set overlapping with the first basic service set, the parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​for use by the second access point are for determining the transmit power for the transmission of low-latency data by the second access point under enhanced coordinated spatial reuse conditions; and Steps include wirelessly transmitting the trigger frame, which includes the parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values, in order to request the transmission of the TB PPDU from the station in the first basic service set. A method that includes [a certain feature].

2. (a) the estimated total power at the antenna connector that will be used by the first access point to transmit the trigger frame, and (b) the maximum interference level that can be detected at the first access point, in order to determine the parameterized spatial reuse input parameter value. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second access point transmits low-latency data under the enhanced coordinated space reuse conditions, and the station in the first basic service set transmits the trigger-based physical protocol data unit (TB PPDU).

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second access point transmits low-latency data to the station in the second basic service set under the enhanced cooperative space reuse conditions.

5. A method performed by a wireless device operating as a first access point in a first basic service set, the method being: The step of receiving a trigger frame transmitted by a second access point in a second basic service set that overlaps with the first basic service set, wherein the trigger frame transmitted by the second access point is for requesting the transmission of a trigger-based physical protocol data unit (TB PPDU) from a station in the second basic service set, wherein the trigger frame includes parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​for use by the first access point, which are for determining the transmit power for the transmission of low-latency data by the first access point under enhanced cooperative spatial reuse conditions; A step of determining a specific transmit power for transmitting low-latency data under the enhanced cooperative spatial reuse conditions, based on the parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values; and The step of wirelessly transmitting specific low-latency data at a specific transmission power under the aforementioned enhanced cooperative space reuse conditions. A method that includes [a certain feature].

6. (a) the step of determining the specific transmit power based on both the intended transmit bandwidth and (b) the received power level indicating the received power of the trigger frame. The method according to claim 5, further comprising:

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the specific low-latency data is transmitted to a station in the first basic service set.

8. A method performed by a wireless device acting as a shared access point in a first basic service set, the method being: A step of generating a trigger frame to request the transmission of a trigger-based physical protocol data unit (TB PPDU) from a station in the first basic service set, wherein the trigger frame includes parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​for use by a wireless device in a second basic service set overlapping with the first basic service set, the parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​for use by the wireless device in the second basic service set for determining the transmit power for the transmission of low latency data by the wireless device in the second basic service set under enhanced coordinated spatial reuse conditions; and Steps include wirelessly transmitting the trigger frame, which includes the parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values, in order to request the transmission of the TB PPDU from the station in the first basic service set. A method that includes [a certain feature].

9. (a) the estimated total power at the antenna connector that will be used by the shared access point to transmit the trigger frame, and (b) the maximum interference level that may be detected at the shared access point, in order to determine the parameterized spatial reuse input parameter value. The method according to claim 8, further comprising:

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the wireless device in the second basic service set operates as a shared access point in the second basic service set; and the shared access point in the second basic service set transmits low latency data to stations in the second basic service set under the enhanced coordinated space reuse conditions.

11. The method according to claim 8, wherein the wireless device in the second basic service set operates as a station in the second basic service set; and the station in the second basic service set transmits low latency data to a shared access point in the second basic service set under the enhanced coordinated space reuse conditions.

12. A wireless device capable of functioning as a first access point in a first basic service set, wherein the wireless device is: Radio frequency transceiver; A memory device for storing a set of instructions; and A set of one or more processors coupled to the memory device. The set of instructions is provided to the first shared access point: A procedure for generating a trigger frame to request the transmission of a trigger-based physical protocol data unit (TB PPDU) from a station in the first basic service set, wherein the trigger frame includes parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​for use by a second access point in a second basic service set overlapping with the first basic service set, the parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​for use by the second access point are for determining the transmit power for the transmission of low-latency data by the second access point under enhanced coordinated spatial reuse conditions; and A procedure for wirelessly transmitting the trigger frame, which includes the parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values, in order to request the transmission of the TB PPDU from the station in the first basic service set. A wireless device configured to perform a certain action.

13. The memory device is stored in the memory device and the first shared access point: A procedure for determining the parameterized spatial reuse input parameter value based on both (a) the estimated total power at the antenna connector that will be used by the first access point to transmit the trigger frame, and (b) the maximum interference level that can be detected at the first access point. The wireless device according to claim 12, further comprising a set of instructions configured to perform the following:

14. The wireless device according to claim 12, wherein the second access point is configured to transmit low-latency data under the enhanced coordinated space reuse conditions, and the station in the first basic service set is configured to transmit the trigger-based physical protocol data unit (TB PPDU).

15. The wireless device according to claim 12, wherein the second access point is configured to transmit low-latency data to stations in the second basic service set under the enhanced coordinated space reuse conditions.

16. A wireless device capable of functioning as a first access point in a first basic service set, wherein the wireless device is: Radio frequency transceiver; Memory device; A set of one or more processors coupled to the memory device; and The memory device is stored in the memory device and the first access point: A procedure for receiving a trigger frame transmitted by a second access point in a second basic service set overlapping with the first basic service set, wherein the trigger frame transmitted by the second access point is for requesting the transmission of a trigger-based physical protocol data unit (TB PPDU) from a station in the second basic service set, the trigger frame includes parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​for use by the first access point, the parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​for use by the first access point are for determining the transmit power for the transmission of low-latency data by the first access point under enhanced cooperative spatial reuse conditions; A procedure for determining a specific transmit power for transmitting low-latency data under the enhanced cooperative spatial reuse conditions, based on the parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values; and A procedure for wirelessly transmitting specific low-latency data at a specific transmission power under the aforementioned enhanced cooperative space reuse conditions. A set of instructions configured to execute A wireless device equipped with the following features.

17. The memory device is stored in the memory device and the first access point: A procedure for determining the specific transmit power based on both (a) the intended transmit bandwidth and (b) the received power level indicating the received power of the trigger frame. The wireless device according to claim 16, further comprising a set of instructions configured to perform the following:

18. The wireless device according to claim 16, wherein the first access point is configured to wirelessly transmit the specific low-latency data to stations in the first basic service set.

19. A wireless device capable of functioning as a shared access point in a first basic service set, wherein the method is: Radio frequency transceiver; Memory device; A set of one or more processors coupled to the memory device; and The memory device is stored in the aforementioned memory device and is accessible to the shared access point: A procedure for generating a trigger frame to request the transmission of a trigger-based physical protocol data unit (TB PPDU) from a station in the first basic service set, wherein the trigger frame includes parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​for use by a wireless device in a second basic service set overlapping with the first basic service set, the parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values ​​for use by the wireless device in the second basic service set for determining the transmit power for the transmission of low latency data by the wireless device in the second basic service set under enhanced coordinated spatial reuse conditions; and A procedure for wirelessly transmitting the trigger frame, which includes the parameterized spatial reuse input parameter values, in order to request the transmission of the TB PPDU from the station in the first basic service set. A set of instructions configured to execute A wireless device equipped with the following features.

20. The memory device is stored in the aforementioned memory device and is accessible to the shared access point: A procedure for determining the parameterized spatial reuse input parameter value based on both (a) the estimated total power at the antenna connector that will be used by the shared access point to transmit the trigger frame, and (b) the maximum interference level that may be detected at the shared access point. The wireless device according to claim 19, further comprising a set of instructions configured to perform the following:

21. The wireless device in the second basic service set is configured to operate as a shared access point in the second basic service set; and the shared access point in the second basic service set is configured to transmit low latency data to stations in the second basic service set under the enhanced coordinated space reuse conditions, according to claim 19.

22. The wireless device in the second basic service set is configured to operate as a station in the second basic service set; the station in the second basic service set is configured to transmit low latency data to a shared access point in the second basic service set under the enhanced coordinated space reuse conditions, according to claim 19.

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