Indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system

Abstract

An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning device intended to blow cooled air into a room, said device comprising: - an air intake intended to collect the air to be cooled; - a plurality of plates forming a stack, having a wet face and an opposite dry face, whose wet face is configured to be kept wetted with water and intended to be cooled by the effect of evaporation of water from the wet face; - a ventilation system; - two adjacent plates are spaced apart from each other along a transverse axis to form channels, wherein the channels are either one of: a dry channel is bounded by the two dry faces of two adjacent plates, or a wet channel is bounded by the two wet faces of two adjacent plates, each wet channel comprising a plurality of wet outlets distributed along a transverse axis perpendicular to the longitudinal and transverse axes, and / or each dry channel comprising a plurality of air inlets distributed along a transverse axis perpendicular to the longitudinal and transverse axes.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The technical area of ​​the present invention is an air cooling device using indirect evaporative cooling. [Background technology]

[0002] Air coolers that use indirect evaporative cooling, also known as dew point indirect adiabatic coolers, have been known for several decades.

[0003] The operating principle of such a cooler is shown in Figure 1. It is based on the use of an evaporator-exchanger, where the incoming air (solid arrow F1 in Figure 1) is cooled to the dew point without humidification. Cooling is generated by the circulation of air in contact with a plate P1 called a cooling plate, and is achieved by the evaporation of water. The cooling plate has a dry surface through which the air to be cooled flows and a wet surface that is wet with water, and the water is represented by a circle in Figure 1. In Figure 1, the arrows in the chain line represent cooled air or air being cooled.

[0004] A portion of the cooled air comes into contact with the dry surface of the cooling plate and is discharged, cooling the room (arrow F2). Another portion of the cooled air is reinjected into the cooler so that it flows into contact with the wet surface of the cooling plate (arrow F3). The air reinjected in this way warms up and evaporates the water present on the wet surface of the cooling plate. This lowers the temperature of the cooling plate. The warmed, moisture-laden air is then discharged outside the room.

[0005] A significant advantage of these coolers compared to the most common air conditioning systems is the absence of refrigerants. These devices only require water as a supply. This means they have a higher environmental impact than conventional air conditioning systems that rely on compressed refrigerants, which are known to have adverse environmental effects. Examples of indirect evaporative cooling systems are described in EP3191782 or EP3262365. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] EP3191782 [Patent Document 2] EP3262365 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] The inventors propose an optimized indirect evaporative cooling system that offers a good compromise between effectiveness and compactness. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The first subject of the present invention is an indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system intended to blow cooled air into a room, the system being: - An air intake intended to collect air that needs to be cooled, -A stack of multiple plates, each having a wet surface and a dry surface opposite it, the wet surface of each plate being configured to be wetted with water, and each plate being intended to be cooled under the influence of water evaporation from the wet surface, - Equipped with a ventilation system, The aforementioned device is configured as follows: - Two adjacent plates are spaced apart along the transverse axis to form a channel, The channel is, The drying channel is separated by two drying surfaces of two adjacent plates. Alternatively, the moist channel is separated by two moist surfaces of two adjacent plates. - The plate is arranged such that dry channels and wet channels are formed alternately, with each dry channel adjacent to a wet channel, and two adjacent channels each consisting of one dry channel and one wet channel, connected by a fluid joint. - Each drying channel extends along the vertical axis between an air inlet connected to an air intake and a cooling outlet, and the cooling outlet is for discharging the cooled air after it has flowed through the drying channel. - Each fluid joint connecting the dry channel and the wet channel is located either at the cooling outlet of the dry channel or between the air inlet and the cooling outlet of the dry channel. - Each wetting channel extends along the longitudinal axis between the fluid joint and the wetting outlet, and the wetting outlet is for discharging the humidified air after it has flowed through the wetting channel. The aforementioned device is characterized as follows: - Each wet channel has several wet outlets distributed along the transverse axis perpendicular to the longitudinal and transverse axes. - and / or each drying channel has several air inlets distributed along a transverse axis perpendicular to the longitudinal and transverse axes.

[0009] To be distributed along the horizontal axis means that the elements are spatially distributed relative to the horizontal axis, not necessarily aligned along it. According to one possibility, some wet outlets and / or some air inlets are aligned along the horizontal axis.

[0010] According to one embodiment, each plate includes a first slot, the first slot of the plate extending around a discharge shaft, and the discharge shaft intersects with each plate.

[0011] According to one possible configuration, - Two first slots are formed in each of the two plates that separate one identical wet channel, and open into this channel. -The first slots, formed in each of the two plates that divide a single identical drying channel, are connected to each other by fluid-sealed passages that cross the drying channel to block the passage of air within the drying channel. - As a result, the air flowing along the wet channel is continuously discharged through fluid-sealed passages formed between the two first slots, crossing multiple dry channels, so that the first slots open into the wet channel and form a wet outlet for the wet channel.

[0012] At least one fluid-sealed passage traversing the drying channel may be formed from at least one seal extending between two first slots formed in a plate that partitions the drying channel.

[0013] According to one possibility, the two plates separating the drying channel converge toward each other in their respective first slots, and the fluid-sealed passage across the drying channel is formed by the contact between the two plates around the first slots.

[0014] Advantageously, each plate contains several first slots that may be distributed along the horizontal axis and aligned along the horizontal axis.

[0015] Preferably, - At least one drying channel, or each drying channel, extends along the thermal length between the air inlet and the fluid joint, - Along the horizontal axis, the distance between two adjacent first slots formed on a single plate is less than 50% of the thermal length, or less than 40% of the thermal length, or less than 30% of the thermal length.

[0016] Thermal length refers to the distance between the air inlet and the fluid joint, parallel to the vertical axis.

[0017] According to one embodiment, - Each plate contains a second slot, the second slot of the plate extends around the intake axis, and the intake axis intersects with each plate. - The second slot is formed in each of the two plates that separate one identical drying channel, and is open to this channel. - Second slots formed in each of the two plates that separate one identical wet channel are connected to each other by fluid-sealing passages that cross the wet channel to block the passage of air within the wet channel. - The second slot opening into the drying channel forms an air inlet to the drying channel. - Air can enter each dry channel continuously by crossing various humid channels and passing through fluid-sealed passages formed between each of the two second slots.

[0018] According to one embodiment, at least one fluid-sealing passage traversing the wet channel is formed from at least one seal extending between two second slots formed in a plate that separates the wet channel.

[0019] According to one embodiment, two plates that demarcate a wet channel converge toward each other at their respective second slots, and a fluid-sealing passage across the wet channel is formed by the contact between the two plates around the second slot.

[0020] Advantageously, each plate is positioned along the horizontal axis and may include several second slots that are aligned along the horizontal axis.

[0021] Preferably, - At least one drying channel, or each drying channel, extends along the thermal length between the air inlet and the fluid joint, - Along the horizontal axis, the distance between two adjacent second slots formed on the same plate is less than 50% of the thermal length, or less than 40% of the thermal length, or less than 30% of the thermal length.

[0022] According to one embodiment, the device includes an auxiliary air intake intended to bring in air present in a room, and the device is as follows: - Each plate includes a third slot, the third slot of the plate extends around an auxiliary axis, and the auxiliary axis intersects with each plate. - Two third slots are formed in each of the two plates that separate one identical drying channel, opening into this channel. - Third slots formed in each of the two plates separating one identical wet channel are connected to each other by fluid-sealing passages that cross the wet channel to block the passage of air within the wet channel. - At least one third slot is connected to an auxiliary air intake, - Each third slot in the plate opens in the drying channel between the second slot formed in the plate and the fluid joint. - Auxiliary air entering from the room to be cooled enters each drying channel through the third slot, then passes through the fluid-sealed passages formed between the two third slots, crosses each wetting channel, and the third slots separate each drying channel, forming auxiliary air inlets to the drying channels.

[0023] According to one advantageous embodiment, - Each plate extends along the longitudinal axis between its two longitudinal ends, - Each plate has a central portion located equidistant between two longitudinal ends, - The stack is parallel to the transverse axis and symmetrical with respect to a central plane that passes through the central parts of several plates.

[0024] According to one embodiment: - Each plate extends along the longitudinal axis between its two longitudinal ends, - At least one drying channel extends from an air inlet toward two longitudinal ends, with the air inlet located between the longitudinal ends. - The drying channel includes a fluid joint with the wetting channel between the air inlet and each longitudinal end, or at each longitudinal end; - The wetting channel extends between each fluid joint and the wetting outlet, and the wetting outlet is located between the fluid joints.

[0025] According to this embodiment, in each dry flow path, the air inlet opens in the center of each plate, equidistant or substantially equidistant from each longitudinal end.

[0026] According to one embodiment: - Each plate extends along the longitudinal axis between its two longitudinal ends, - At least one drying channel extends between two air inlets and a cooling outlet, with the cooling outlet located between the air inlets of the drying channel. - A fluid joint is located between the dry channel and the wet channel adjacent to the dry channel, between the air inlet and the cooling outlet. - At least one wetting channel extends between the fluid junction and two wetting channels, and the fluid junction is located between the two wetting channels.

[0027] The wet channel may be located in the center of the plate that separates the dry channel.

[0028] Each plate is made from a polymer-containing material. The polymer-containing material can be stretched from a dry surface.

[0029] Preferably, the thickness of each plate is less than 2 mm or less than 1 mm.

[0030] According to one embodiment, - The device extends along the horizontal axis between the two lateral ends, forming a width. - Each drying channel extends along the thermal length between the air inlet and the fluid joint, - Its width is at least 1.5 times greater than its thermal length.

[0031] According to one embodiment, - The device extends along the transverse axis between the two lateral ends, forming a height. - Each drying channel extends along the thermal length between the air inlet and the fluid joint, - The height is at least 1.5 times the thermal length.

[0032] Each wet surface is connected to the water supply by a fluid or capillary connection. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0033] The present invention will be better understood by referring to the figures listed below and by reading the description of the examples of embodiments presented in the remainder of this description.

[0034] [Figure 1] The operation diagram is shown.

[0035] [Figure 2A] A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0036] [Figure 2B] This is a cross-sectional view of the stack according to the first embodiment, and is a plan view of cross-section AA shown in Figures 2C and 2E.

[0037] [Figure 2C] This is a diagram of the dry surface of the stack according to the first embodiment.

[0038] [Figure 2D] Figures 2C and 2E are cross-sectional views of the stack according to the first embodiment, on the plane of section BB.

[0039] [Figure 2E] This is a diagram of the wetted surface of the stack according to the first embodiment.

[0040] [Figure 3A] A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention is shown. [Figure 3B] A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0041] [Figure 3C] This is a cross-sectional view of the stack according to the second embodiment, and is a plan view of section AA shown in Figures 3D and 3F.

[0042] [Figure 3D] This is a diagram of the wetted surface of the stack according to the second embodiment.

[0043] [Figure 3E] This is a cross-sectional view of the stack according to the second embodiment, and is a plan view of section BB shown in Figures 3D and 3F.

[0044] [Figure 3F] This is a diagram of the dry surface of the stack according to the second embodiment.

[0045] [Figure 4A] This is a cross-sectional view of the stack according to the third embodiment, and is a plan view of section AA shown in Figures 4B and 4D.

[0046] [Figure 4B] This is a diagram of the dry surface of the stack according to the third embodiment.

[0047] [Figure 4C] This is a cross-sectional view of the stack according to the third embodiment, and is a plan view of section BB shown in Figures 4B and 4D.

[0048] [Figure 4D] This figure shows the wet surface of the stack according to the third embodiment.

[0049] [Figure 5A] One possible method for obtaining a fluid-sealed wall across the flow path between two openings is shown. [Figure 5B] One possible method for obtaining a fluid-sealed wall across the flow path between two openings is shown.

[0050] [Figure 5C] Another possible method for obtaining a fluid-sealed wall across the flow path between two openings is shown. [Figure 5D] Another possible method for obtaining a fluid-sealed wall across the flow path between two openings is shown. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0051] Figures 2A to 2E show an example of an apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Regardless of the embodiment, the apparatus 1 includes a stack of plates 10. The stack may include tens or hundreds of plates, for example, a number between 30 and 1000 plates 1. The plates 10 are arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the transverse axis Z, and each plate 10 is on plane P XY Each plate extends parallel to the vertical axis X over a length l and parallel to the horizontal axis Y over a width L. The stack extends parallel to the transverse axis Z over a height h, where h depends on the number of plates.

[0052] The length l can be set between 5 cm and 1 m, preferably between 10 cm and 30 cm. Length l is preferably, - For example, less than 1.5 times the width L, or less than 2 times the width L, or less than 3 times the width L. - and / or less than 1.5 times the height h, or less than 2 times the height h, or less than 3 times the height h.

[0053] Two adjacent plates 10 are spaced apart from each other parallel to axis Z, preferably by a distance of less than 2 cm, less than 1 cm, or less than 0.5 cm. The spacing between two adjacent plates can advantageously be between 0.5 mm and 2 mm. The spacing between two adjacent plates is highlighted in Figures 2A, 2B, and 2D.

[0054] In the example shown in the figure, each plate is flat. According to possible alternative configurations, the plates may have a corrugated shape or other types of structures: ribs, fins, etc.

[0055] Device 1 is intended to blow cooled air into the room. The cooled air is brought in through an intake port 1 by a ventilation system (not shown). in Air is drawn into the device from there. The ventilation system includes one or more fans. Depending on the configuration, the air to be cooled comes from outside and / or inside the room. In this first example, the air is brought in parallel to the vertical axis X in the form of solid arrows, as shown in Figures 2A and 2C.

[0056] Except for the first and last plates that divide the apparatus along the transverse axis Z, each plate 10 has a wet surface 10 w and dry surface 10 d This includes the following. The dry and wet surfaces of the same plate are opposite surfaces in the sense that they are separated from each other by the thickness of the plate. The thickness of each plate along axis Z is made as small as possible, taking into full consideration the constraints of mechanical strength. The thickness depends on the material from which the plate is formed. The thickness is generally less than 1 cm, and advantageously less than 5 mm, or less than 2 mm, or less than 1 mm. The thickness may be between 10 μm and 1 mm, or between 10 μm and 500 μm. This invention utilizes the conduction of heat along axis Z through each plate 10.

[0057] A moist surface 10 intended to be wet with water w The surface is as uniform as possible. Water can be applied to the plate directly or indirectly, and the plate has a water-immersing hydrophilic material at its wetted surface. This may be a material that allows water to be pumped in by capillary action from a water supply, for example. The hydrophilic material may include, for example, cellulose or a hydrophilic polymer. Wetting of the wetted surface is also achieved by fluid channels formed along the length of the wetted surface, which allow water to be pumped in by capillary action from a water supply. In the following description, the term "plate" includes any capillary structures that are formed within or on the plate.

[0058] The stack is such that the wet surfaces (or respectively dry surfaces) of two consecutive plates face each other. Two wet surfaces 10 belonging to two adjacent plates facing each other w are the wet channels 20 w which delimit. Two dry surfaces belonging to two adjacent plates facing each other delimit the dry channels 20 d which delimit. The dry channels or wet channels are delimited by two lateral uprights extending in the XZ plane, not shown. The lateral uprights are spaced apart along the transverse axis Y by the width of each plate.

[0059] Thus, the stack is formed from the alternation of dry channels 20 d and wet channels 20 w Each dry channel extends along the longitudinal axis X between an air inlet 20 d,in and a cooling outlet 20 d,out The cooling outlet 20 d,out may be intended to be connected to a cooling air discharge part configured to blow the cooled air into the room.

[0060] Figures 2C and 2E show the dry surface 10 d and the wet surface 10 w of the same plate 10 respectively. Figures 2B and 2D show cross-sections through the stack in the plane XZ passing along the lines of the cross-sections A-A and B-B shown in Figures 2C and 2E.

[0061] In Figures 2A and 2E, as in the other figures added for explanation, the solid, chain and dashed arrows indicate the air to be cooled, the air in the process of being cooled, and the air to be heated and humidified respectively.

[0062] Each dry channel 20 d is connected to the adjacent wet channel 20 w by a fluid junction 21. Each wet channel 20 w extends along the longitudinal axis X between the fluid junction 21 and a wet outlet 20 w,out The fluid junction 21 is the air inlet 20d,in and cooling outlet 20 d,out Between or the cooling outlet 20 d,out It is located at the fluid joint 21, which is advantageously connected to the air inlet 20. d,in Cooling outlet 20 d,out It is close to. Therefore, when considering the direction in which air flows along the drying channel, the fluid joint 21 is close to the drying channel 20 d , cooling outlet 20 d,out It is located upstream or at the cooling outlet. Device 1 is under the influence of the ventilation system, drying channel 20 d A portion of the air flowing along the dry channel passes through the fluid joint 21 to the wet channel 20 adjacent to the dry channel. w It is designed to enter the cooling outlet 20. The fluid joint 21 may be formed by a simple opening made in the plate that separates the wet channel from the dry channel. In the illustrated example, the fluid joint 21 is formed at the longitudinal end (i.e., the end perpendicular to axis X) that forms one of the longitudinal ends of the plate. Thus, some of the cooling air enters the cooling outlet 20. d,out And, drying channel 20 d at least one adjacent wet channel 20 w It is drawn out. Wet channel 20 w The airflow rate is controlled by the device's ventilation system. Preferably, the flow in each drying channel is laminar, and the air velocity is, for example, 0.5 ms. -1 From 3 ms -1 This is facilitated by the fact that it is between two points.

[0063] The fluid joint 21 connected to the ventilation system allows 50 to 75% of the airflow to cool the outlet 20 d,out The airflow flows toward the wetting channel 20, while 25% to 50% of the airflow passes through the fluid joint. w It can be made to flow toward each wet channel 20 w Note that the airflow through this channel is in the opposite direction to the airflow in the adjacent drying channel. In this way, the device is configured for counterflow operation.

[0064] Preferably, in the direction of the airflow, the drying channel 20 d Internal air inlet 20 d,in The distance between the fluid joint 21 and the fluid joint 20 is set to between 5 cm and 1 m, preferably between 10 cm and 30 cm. Similarly, in the direction of the airflow, the wet channel 20 w Internal fluid joint 21 and moist air outlet 20 w,out The distance between them is set to be between 5 cm and 1 m, preferably between 10 cm and 30 cm.

[0065] Each plate 10 includes a first slot 11 extending around a discharge axis parallel to the transverse axis Z, the first slot 11 preferably located near the same longitudinal edge of each plate. A longitudinal edge (or end) means a portion of the edge of the plate 10 along the longitudinal axis X, preferably within a distance of less than 5 cm from the edge of the plate perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X, and the first slot 11 is located near the cooling outlet 20 d,out Air inlet 20 d,in It is in close proximity to. In the example shown in Figures 2A to 2E, each first slot 11 is adjacent to the wet channel 20 w Wet outlet 20 w,out It is possible to form this.

[0066] The two first slots 11 are the same wet channel 20 w A channel is formed in each of the two adjacent plates 10 that separate it, and opens into this channel. Thus, the wet channel 20 w It is in fluid communication with at least one first slot 11. The same drying channel 20 d Two first slots 11, formed in each of two adjacent plates that partition the area and aligned along the discharge axis, are connected to each other by fluid-sealed walls 15 that extend across the drying channel and form a passage. The fluid-sealed walls are tubular around the discharge axis. In the example shown in Figures 2A to 2E, the discharge axis is an axis parallel to axis Z. The term “discharge axis” is used for each drying channel 20 d A fluid-sealed passage 15 formed across each wet channel 20 wThis corresponds to the fact that it is intended to discharge moist air flowing from there. Figure 2A shows the drying channel 20 d Two tubular fluid-sealed passages 15 are shown, forming a fluid-sealed passage that crosses the passage.

[0067] Drying channel 20 d Each tubular fluid-sealing passage 15 passing through the plate can be provided by a seal or by local protrusions formed within the plate, as will be described later in relation to Figures 5A to 5D.

[0068] Therefore, each wet Channel 20 w The air flowing downstream is discharged through the first slot 11 which opens into the humid channel, and then along the discharge axis Z, through each humid channel 20 w and each drying channel 20 d Between and, device 1 out, w It flows alternately to the wet outlet. See 2B.

[0069] A notable aspect of the present invention is that the first slots 11 are arranged along an axis parallel to or substantially parallel to the horizontal axis Y. Substantially parallel means parallel within an angular tolerance of, for example, ±20°. In the illustrated example, the first slots 11 are uniformly parallel to the horizontal axis Y.

[0070] Each first slot is a few centimeters 2 The cross-sectional area, for example, 0.5 cm² 2 30 cm 2 Between, preferably 1 cm 2 From 15 cm 2 It has a space between them. The same applies to the second and third slots described later. Each slot can take the form of an elongated shape along the vertical axis X, for example, a rectangle, a rectangle, or a rhombus.

[0071] Next, the operation of the device 1 will be explained according to the principle described in the prior art. The air to be cooled enters through the intake port 1. inIt enters the device via this. This air is directed to the dry surface 10 of the adjacent plate. d Drying channel 20 formed between d As the air flows along the longitudinal axis X, and the plate 10 is cooled by evaporation, the air is cooled by countercurrent as it gradually flows in the longitudinal axis X direction. As the air cools, according to the principle of adiabatic cooling, the absolute humidity of the air remains constant, but the relative humidity increases. The apparatus has each drying channel 20 d Cooling outlet 20 d,out The dimensions may be determined such that the air temperature in the chamber is on the order of the dew point temperature, or substantially above the dew point temperature by a few degrees.

[0072] Each drying channel 20 d In this configuration, a portion of the cooled air is drawn out at the fluid joint 21, and the wet channel 20 adjacent to the dry channel w It re-inflows into the humid channel 20. w This is a wet plate 10 that is moistened with water. w It is separated by the fluid joint 21 and the wet channel 20. w Wet outlet 20 w,out It flows along the vertical axis between the two. As the air flows along the humidifying channel, it comes into contact with the water on the wet humidifying surface, or the water on the two humidifying surfaces that define the humidifying channel, and is humidified. Humidifying channel 20 w As air passes along it, the water evaporates, cooling the plate 10. In this way, the device forms an evaporator exchanger. That is, the evaporation of water from the wet surface of the plate cools the dry surface of the plate, and this cools the air circulating through the adjacent dry channel via countercurrent.

[0073] If the intake air temperature is between 30°C and 40°C, which corresponds to a typical scenario in a temperate climate, then the cooling outlet air temperature is estimated to be below 20°C.

[0074] In addition to counterflow operation, another important aspect of the device 1 depends on the aspect ratio, which is the ratio of the width L along the transverse axis Y to the length l along the longitudinal axis X, or the ratio of the width L to the height h along the transverse axis Z. For reasons of thermal efficiency, the thickness of each channel along the transverse axis Z is small, preferably less than 2 mm or less than 1 mm. As a result, the airflow along the dry or wet channels is subject to a significant drop in pressure head. The shape of the device 1 is such that reasonable power can be obtained from the ventilation system while maintaining a sufficiently large exchangeable surface area. w Circulating air and adjacent drying channel 20 d Heat exchange occurs between the circulating air and the heat, and the heat length l th It is optimized so that the width L is greater than the length called the thermal length l. th l corresponds to the distance between the first slot 11 and the fluid joint 21 along the vertical axis X. In the first approximation, the thermal length can be considered to correspond to the length of the dry channel. The thermal length is l th ≤ 2 / 3L or l th It is preferable that the volume is ≤1 / 2L. A device 1 that is wider than it is longer allows for the generation of parallel, counterflowing airflow over a short length.

[0075] Furthermore, or alternatively, it is desirable that the device be taller than it is long. The thermal length is l th ≤ 2 / 3h or l th It is desirable that the interval be ≤ 1 / 2h. Device 1, which is taller than it is long, allows for "parallelizing" counterflowing airflow over a short thermal length.

[0076] More generally, thermal length l th It is preferable that the heat length l is smaller than the width L and / or height h. th It is advantageously composed between 5 cm and 1 m, and preferably between 10 cm and 30 m.

[0077] The fact that the first slot 11 is positioned along the horizontal axis Y means that each wet channel 20 w The air inside flows into the dry channel 20 adjacent to the humid channel.d It is possible to flow parallel to the air flow inside. As a result, it is possible to maximize the operation of the device in the counterflow configuration, and the thermal efficiency of the device 1 is improved. The distance between two adjacent first slots 11 along the horizontal axis Y is the thermal length l th is preferably less than 50%, or less than 40%, or less than 30% of.

[0078] Figures 3A to 3F show a second embodiment. In the first embodiment, the air to be cooled flows into each drying channel parallel to the vertical axis X, and in the second embodiment, it flows into each drying channel in a flow parallel to the transverse axis Z.

[0079] In the second embodiment, each plate has a second slot. Two second slots 12 are respectively formed in each of two adjacent plates 10 that delimit the same drying channel 20 d and open into this channel. Therefore, the drying channel 20 w is in fluid communication with at least one second slot 12. The two second slots 12 are aligned along the intake axis and are formed in each of two adjacent plates that delimit the same wetting channel 20 w and are connected to each other by a fluid-sealing wall 16 that flows across the wetting channel to form a fluid-sealing passage. The term "intake axis" corresponds to the fact that the air circulating through each fluid-sealing passage 16 is intended to enter the drying channel 20 d The fluid-sealing passage 16 is tubular around the intake axis. In the example shown in FIGS. 3A to 3F, the intake axis is an axis parallel to the axis Z. In FIGS. 3A and 3B, fluid-sealing passages 15 and 16 that form fluid-sealing passages crossing the drying channel 20 d and two wetting channels 20 w are shown. In FIG. 3A, the left dotted line is used to indicate the two fluid-sealing passages 15 and 16.

[0080] Figures 3A and 3B show a top plate that separates the stack along the transverse axis Z. The top plate contains only a first slot 11, as humidified air coming from the humidification channel is extracted through its top. The stack is on the opposite side of the top plate and contains a bottom plate that separates the stack. The bottom plate may contain only a second slot for the air to be cooled, as air enters from the bottom. In other configurations, the air to be cooled enters through the top plate, and the air coming from the humidification channel is discharged through the top plate. In that case, the top plate contains a first slot and a second slot. In that case, the bottom plate may be solid. According to one possibility, the air to be cooled is received through both the top and bottom plates. This allows for a reduction in the path of air to be cooled through the stack. According to another possibility, the moist air coming from the humidification channel is discharged through both the top and bottom plates. This allows for a reduction in the path of moist air through the stack. The terms top plate and bottom plate refer to plates that form the ends of the stack in the direction of the transverse axis Z.

[0081] Generally, the top or bottom plate that divides the stack along the transverse axis may or may not include a first slot 11 and / or a second slot 12, depending on the configuration for introducing cooling air or discharging moist air.

[0082] Each fluid-sealing passage 15, 16 can be provided by a seal or by local protrusions formed within the plate, as will be described later in relation to Figures 5A to 5D.

[0083] Figures 3D and 3F show the wet surface 10 of the same plate 10, respectively. w and dry surface 10 d Figures 3C and 3E show cross-sections through the stack in plane XZ that pass along the lines of cross-sections AA and BB shown in Figures 3D and 3F. Each wet channel 20 wIn this case, the moist air flows around the fluid-sealed passage 16. Similarly, in each drying channel, the air to be cooled flows around each fluid-sealed passage 15.

[0084] In this embodiment, the air to be cooled flows along the intake axis between the plates upstream of the drying channel 20 d and the intake axis is parallel to the axis Z. The moist air flowing between the plates downstream of the wet channel 20 w is similarly discharged.

[0085] As described in connection with the first embodiment, it is advantageous for the second slot 12 to be arranged along the transverse axis Y in the same way as the first slot 11 in each plate 10 is arranged along the transverse axis Y. By arranging the second slot 12 along the transverse axis Y, the air in each drying channel 20 d flows parallel or substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis X and parallel to the flow of the air in the wet channel 20 w adjacent to the drying channel. This makes it possible to maximize the operation of the device in a countercurrent configuration as described above. As a result, the thermal efficiency of the device is improved. The distance between two adjacent second slots along the transverse axis Y is preferably less than 50%, or less than 40% or 30% of the thermal length l th

[0086] According to the embodiment described in FIGS. 3A to 3F, the first and second slots are distributed parallel to the transverse axis Y at the central part of each plate. The term central part refers to a part that is equidistant or substantially equidistant from the two longitudinal edges (or ends) of the plate. Substantially equidistant means equidistant within a tolerance of ±10% or ±20%. The longitudinal edge means a part of the edge of a given plate spaced along the longitudinal axis X.

[0087] Along the transverse axis Y, the first and second slots are aligned and arranged alternately with each other. Aligning the first and second slots parallel to the transverse axis Y can optimize the aforementioned thermal length. Therefore, the thermal length l thThis corresponds to the distance between each first slot 11 (or each second slot 12) along the vertical axis X and the fluid joint 21.

[0088] By positioning the first and second slots in the center of each plate 10, the stack has a symmetrical configuration with respect to a central plane parallel to the transverse axis Z and the lateral axis Y, passing through the center of each plate. The central plane passes through the center of each slot and forms the plane of symmetry of the device. The ventilation system directs the air to be cooled, which emerges from each second slot 12, through each drying channel 20 d It is configured to flow along the second slot 12 toward each of the two opposing longitudinal ends. Between the second slot 12 and each longitudinal end, the fluid joint 21 allows a portion of the cooled air to flow through the wet channel 20 adjacent to the dry channel. w This allows for insertion into the wet channel 20. Therefore, each dry channel includes two fluid joints 21, one on each side of the central surface and preferably symmetrically arranged with respect to the other. w The air that flows in flows from each fluid joint 21 toward the central plane.

[0089] The symmetrical arrangement of the second embodiment allows for optimization of the device's performance from the viewpoint of miniaturization and efficiency. This results in a thermal length l th This can limit pressure, suppress pressure head reduction, and increase the heat exchange surface area.

[0090] In the second embodiment, a configuration called "super-parallel" can be obtained by arranging the components symmetrically. As described in relation to the first embodiment, the parallel arrangement of the flows in a symmetrical configuration becomes "triple-parallel" along the Y-axis, along the Z-axis, and further along the X-axis. Along the X-axis, cold air from the drying channels is blown in two opposite directions parallel to the longitudinal axis X.

[0091] In Figure 3D, it can be seen that the cross-section of the first slot 11 is smaller than the cross-section of the second slot 12. The ratio of the joint cross-section of the first slot to the joint cross-section of the second slot can be adjusted according to the ratio between the flow rate of air flowing into the dry channel and the flow rate of air flowing into the wet channel downstream of each dry channel.

[0092] According to this embodiment, the air to be cooled upstream of each drying channel and the moist air downstream of each wetting channel flow parallel to one axis (in this case, the transverse axis), which is advantageous. This simplifies the interconnection of various devices, for example, as will be described later.

[0093] The term "second slot" does not necessarily imply the presence of a first slot. Therefore, it is also possible to configure a variation of the first embodiment in which each plate 10 has a second slot 12 without a first slot 11. Humid air exits each humid channel along the longitudinal axis, and dry air is carried to each dry channel through the second slot 12.

[0094] In a modified version, cooled air is extracted from the center of the plate, while the intake or exhaust shaft is formed at the edge of the plate. In this modified example, - Each plate has a first slot 11 and a second slot 12 located near each longitudinal end, - Each drying channel 20 d and each wet channel 20 w The fluid joint 21 between the two is located between the two second slots of the drying channel, preferably in the central or substantially central part. - The air to be cooled is directed to each drying channel 20 d In this configuration, fluid flows from the second slot 12 toward the center of each plate 10 to the fluid joint 21. - The air in each humid channel 20 w In this configuration, fluid flows from the fluid joint 21 toward one longitudinal end of each plate 10 to the first slot 11. - Cooling air from each dry channel is collected in the central part through openings formed in each plate and fluid-sealed passages formed across each wet channel. The cooling air is collected parallel to the transverse axis Z.

[0095] In this modified example, each drying channel has two air inlets and a cooling outlet 20 d,out The cooling outlet extends between the dry channel and the air inlet of the dry channel, and is located in the center between the dry channel and the wet channel 20. Each fluid joint 21 is connected to the dry channel and the wet channel 20 adjacent to the dry channel. w It is positioned between the air inlet and the cooling outlet of the drying channel. Each wetting channel extends between the central fluid joint 21 and the two wetting outlets, with the fluid joint 21 positioned between the two wetting outlets.

[0096] Due to this deformation, the device is arranged symmetrically with respect to a central plane that is parallel to the transverse axis and passes through the central part.

[0097] Figures 4A to 4D show a third embodiment that includes features described in relation to the second embodiment. Unlike the previous embodiment, each plate is configured such that the air to be cooled is directed to each drying channel 10 d This third embodiment includes at least one third slot 13 intended to allow entry into the intake port 1. in This relates to the case where the air is drawn in from outside the room. The device has an auxiliary air intake 1 intended to receive air drawn in from inside the room to be cooled. aux It may include an auxiliary air intake port 1 in The incoming air is received by each drying channel downstream, and the intake ports are configured to form the main intake ports. Since the indoor temperature is assumed to be lower than the outdoor temperature, it is preferable to mix the outdoor and indoor air after partially cooling the outdoor air. The outdoor air is assumed to be at a similar temperature to the indoor air. Performing this mixing within the device improves energy efficiency and thermal efficiency compared to a configuration where the mixing of indoor air and outdoor air is performed upstream of the drying channels.

[0098] To allow air to enter various drying channels, two third slots 13 are formed in each of two adjacent plates that divide the same drying channel and open into that drying channel. Thus, drying channel 20 d It is in fluid communication with at least one third slot 13. Two third slots 13 are aligned along the auxiliary intake axis and the same wet channel 20 w Two adjacent plates partitioning the area are formed and connected to each other by fluid-seal walls 17 through which the fluid flows, forming a fluid-seal passage. The fluid-seal passage 17 is tubular around the auxiliary intake axis. In the examples shown in Figures 4A to 4D, the auxiliary intake axis is an axis parallel to axis Z, and in Figure 4A, the auxiliary air is shown by a dotted line.

[0099] The term "auxiliary intake axis" corresponds to the fact that auxiliary air flows along the auxiliary intake axis and enters the dry channel by passing through one or more fluid-sealed walls that extend across the wet channel.

[0100] Similar to the flow paths 15 and 16 described earlier, each tubular fluid-sealed flow path 17 can be obtained by a seal or by local protrusions formed within the plate, as will be described later in relation to Figures 5A to 5D.

[0101] Each third slot 13 is positioned on each plate such that it opens between the second slot 12 and the fluid joint 21. Preferably, the third slot 13 is positioned closer to the second slot 12 (forming the main air intake) than to the fluid joint 21. Thermal length l th If this indicates the distance along the vertical axis between the second slot 12 and the fluid joint 21, then the distance between the first slot 13 and the second slot 12 of the same plate is the thermal length l th Between 10% and 50%, the thermal length l is advantageous. th It can be composed of between 15% and 30% of the total.

[0102] Figures 4B and 4D show the dry surface 10 of the same plate 10, respectively. d and wet surface 10 w This is shown. Figures 4A and 4C show cross-sections passing through the stack in plane XZ along the lines of cross-sections AA and BB shown in Figures 4B and 4D.

[0103] By using the auxiliary air intake, the pressure balance of the room being cooled can be adjusted. This is especially true for the air intake 1 in When the air forming the vent is drawn in from the outside, the cooling air blown in by the device can help avoid overpressure in the room. By drawing in air from the room through an auxiliary supply, the overpressure can be reduced. This avoids interfering with the operation of central ventilation equipment installed in the room being cooled. Also, if the room being cooled becomes overpressurized, some of the air cooled by the device must be discharged outside the room, which is not optimal.

[0104] In any embodiment, the cooling air coming from each drying channel is advantageously blown into each cooling outlet 20 before being blown into the room. d,out It is collected by an air manifold.

[0105] Although the configuration has been described in relation to Figures 4A to 4D in a symmetrical manner, the auxiliary air intake can be combined with an asymmetrical embodiment, such as the first embodiment.

[0106] Figures 5A to 5D illustrate the creation of a fluid-seal wall between slots formed opposite each other on two consecutive plates. These could be, for example, the first slot 11, the second slot 12, and the third slot 13 described above. According to the first possibility, each of the opposing slots is surrounded by a seal. The compression of two seals associated with each of the two opposing slots forms a tubular wall of fluid sealing. This possibility is shown in Figures 5A and 5B. In a variation, two opposing slots can be connected by a single seal.

[0107] Another possibility for avoiding or limiting reliance on seals is to locally deform plate 10 in the area of ​​the slots such that contact between the two plates creates a fluid-sealed passage between the two slots. This possibility is shown in Figures 5C and 5D. The plates may be formed to converge with each other until they contact each other, for example, around each slot. This type of shape can be obtained whether the material is metallic or nonmetallic. If the material is nonmetallic, for example, a polymer type, the plates may be thermoformed or molded to achieve the desired shape.

[0108] Various metallic materials, such as aluminum or copper, can be used to form the plate. However, to limit the weight and manufacturing cost of the device, the plate can be formed from a polymer. Polymers generally have thermal conductivity that is not as good as that of certain metals. Nevertheless, the device 1 assumes that heat conduction occurs essentially through the thickness of the plate 10, and this thickness is preferably less than 2 mm or less than 1 mm. This small thickness is due to the wet surface 10 w and dry surface 10 d The small thickness between layers compensates for the low thermal conductivity, making it possible to rely on polymer-based plates. Furthermore, the low thermal conductivity of polymers has the advantage of limiting heat conduction along the longitudinal axis X, thus preventing overheating of the plate as heat from the cooling air enters the dry channels and spreads through the plate via heat conduction along the longitudinal axis. Therefore, polymers can extend from dry surfaces. Polymers may also extend to wet surfaces, or they may be covered by capillary structures or materials that facilitate wetting of the wet surface.

[0109] By relying on polymer materials, it becomes possible to significantly reduce the mass of the device. Furthermore, as explained in relation to Figures 5C and 5D, plates can be formed by thermoforming.

[0110] According to one embodiment, the dry surface has fins, which form protrusions that can increase the surface area for exchange between the dry surface and the cooling air. The same applies to the wet surface.

[0111] In any embodiment, the device can be arranged as modules, each module containing a determined number of plates. The fact that cooled air and humidified air flow along the transverse axis Z is favorable for interconnecting identical modules. By connecting modules, the power of the device can be adjusted. An intermediate manifold can be placed between two modules, collecting cooled air upstream of a dry channel and humidified air downstream of a humidified channel. A modular layout is easily achieved in a configuration where cooled air, humidified air coming from a humidified channel, and auxiliary air present therein flow parallel to the transverse axis Z.

[0112] Whatever the embodiment, the supply of water to each wet surface can be achieved by using a fixed reservoir connected to each wet surface by fluid or capillary connection. The water can reach each wet surface by pump or gravity flow.

[0113] Regardless of the embodiment, spacers not shown in the accompanying figures may be installed to keep the distance between two adjacent plates as constant as possible.

Claims

1. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) intended to blow cooled air into a room, The device is - An air intake port (1) intended to collect the air that needs to be cooled. in )and, - Forms a stack and wets the surface (10 w ) and the opposite dry side (10 d A plurality of plates (10) having a wet surface, the wet surface being configured to be wetted with water, and intended to be cooled under the influence of water evaporation from the wet surface, - Equipped with a ventilation system, - To form a channel, the two adjacent plates are spaced apart from each other along the transverse axis (Z). The channel is a drying channel (20 d ) the two dry surfaces (10) of two adjacent plates d ) separated by, or wet channel (20 w ) is the two wet surfaces of two adjacent plates (10 w It is separated by ) and is one of the following: - The plate is arranged to alternately form dry channels and wet channels, with each dry channel adjacent to a wet channel, and two adjacent channels each consisting of one dry channel and one wet channel, connected by a fluid joint (21). - Each drying channel (20 d ) extends along the vertical axis (X) between an air inlet (20 in ) connected to an intake port (1 d, in ) and a cooling outlet (20 d, out ). The cooling outlet is for discharging the air cooled after flowing along the drying channel. - Each fluid joint (21) connecting the dry channel and the wet channel is the cooling outlet (20) of the dry channel. d, out ), or the air inlet (20 d, in ) and the cooling outlet of the drying channel are arranged - Each wet channel (20 w ) is along the vertical axis, the fluid joint (21) and the wet outlet (20 w,out It extends between the and the, and the wet outlet is for discharging the humidified air after it has flowed along the wet channel, - Each wetting channel has multiple wetting outlets (20) arranged along the horizontal axis (Y) perpendicular to the vertical axis (X) and the transverse axis (Z). w,out , including 11), - and / or, each drying channel has multiple air inlets (20) arranged along a transverse axis (Y) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (X) and the transverse axis (Z). d,in、 12) including, Indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1).

2. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to claim 1, - Each wet channel has several wet outlets (20) distributed along the horizontal axis (Y) perpendicular to the vertical axis (X) and the transverse axis (Z). w,out ,11) including, - Each plate includes several first slots (11) that open into a wet channel and form a wet outlet for the wet channel, the first slots of different plates extending around a discharge shaft (Z), the discharge shaft intersecting each plate (10), - The two first slots are one identical wetting channel (20 w Formed in each of the two plates that separate ), opening into the wet channel, - The two first slots are one identical drying channel (20 w ) formed in each of the two plates separating the drying channel, and connected to each other by a fluid-sealed passage (15) that crosses the drying channel to block the passage of air in the drying channel, - Wet channel (10 w The air that flows along ) passes through the fluid-tight passages (15) formed between the two first slots, and through the drying channels (20 d An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) that continuously discharges across the )

3. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to claim 2, An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioner (1) wherein at least one fluid-sealed passage (15) crossing the drying channel is formed from at least one seal extending between two first slots (11) formed in a plate (10) that partitions the drying channel.

4. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to any one of claims 2 or 3, An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioner (1) wherein two plates dividing the drying channel converge on each other at their respective first slots (11), and a fluid-sealed passage across the drying channel is formed by contact between the two plates around the first slots.

5. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, Each plate comprises an indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning unit (1) containing a plurality of first slots arranged along the horizontal axis (Y).

6. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to claim 5, - Each drying channel has an air inlet (20 d,in Between (12) and the fluid joint (21), the thermal length (l th It extends along the line, - An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) in which the distance along the horizontal axis (Y) between two adjacent first slots formed on the same plate is less than 50% of the thermal length, or less than 40% of the thermal length, or less than 30% of the thermal length.

7. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, - Each plate has a second slot (12), the second slot of the plate extends around the intake shaft (Z), and the intake shaft intersects with each plate. - The second slot has one identical drying channel (20 d ) is formed in each of the two plates that separate it, and is open to the drying channel, - The second slots are formed in each of the two plates that separate one identical wet channel and are connected to each other by fluid-sealed passages (16) that cross the wet channel to block the passage of air within the wet channel. - The second slot (12) is the drying channel (20 d It opens to the drying channel, forming an air inlet. - An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioner (1) in which air can enter each dry channel continuously by passing through the fluid-sealed passages formed between the two second slots, across a plurality of wet channels.

8. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to claim 7, An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioner (1) wherein at least one fluid-sealed passage (16) traversing the wet channel is formed from at least one seal extending between two second slots formed in a plate separating the wet channel.

9. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to any one of claims 7 or 8, An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioner (1) wherein two plates separating a wet channel converge toward each other in their respective second slots, and a fluid-sealed passage across the wet channel is formed by the contact between the two plates around the second slot.

10. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 9, Each plate includes several second slots (12) distributed along the horizontal axis (Y), in an indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning unit (1).

11. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to claim 10, - Each drying channel has the air inlet (20 d,in Between 12) and the fluid joint (21), the thermal length (l th It extends along the line, - An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) in which the distance between two adjacent second slots formed on the same plate along the horizontal axis (Y) is less than 50% of the thermal length, or less than 40% of the thermal length, or less than 30% of the thermal length.

12. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 11, The aforementioned device has an auxiliary air intake port (1) for bringing in air present in the room. aux ) including, - Each plate includes a third slot (13), the third slot of the plate extending around an auxiliary shaft (Z), the auxiliary shaft intersecting each plate, - Two third slots are formed in each of the two plates that separate one identical drying channel and open into the drying channel. - The third slot has one identical wetting channel (20 w ) are formed in each of the two plates that separate the wet channel, and are connected to each other by a fluid-sealed passage (17) that crosses the wet channel to block the passage of air in the wet channel, - At least one third slot is connected to the auxiliary air intake, - Each third slot of the plate opens in the drying channel between the second slot (12) formed in the plate and the fluid joint (21), - An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioner (1) in which auxiliary air from a room to be cooled can continuously pass through fluid-sealed passages (17) formed between two third slots, across each wet channel, and enter each dry channel from the third slots, the third slots separating each dry channel and forming auxiliary air inlets into the dry channels.

13. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, - Each plate extends along the longitudinal axis (X) between its two longitudinal ends, - Each plate has a central portion located equidistant between two longitudinal ends, - The stack is an indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) that is parallel to the transverse axis and symmetrical with respect to a central plane passing through the central portions of the multiple plates.

14. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, - Each plate (10) extends along the longitudinal axis (X) between its two longitudinal ends, - At least one drying channel (20 d ) is the air inlet (20 d, in ) extends from to two longitudinal ends, and the air inlet is located between the longitudinal ends, - The drying channel has a wetting channel (20) between the air inlet and each longitudinal end, or at each longitudinal end. w It includes a fluid joint (21) having ), - The aforementioned wet channel (20 w An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) extends between each fluid joint and a wet outlet, the wet outlet being located between the fluid joints (21).

15. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to claim 14, In each of the drying channels, the air inlet opens in the center of each plate at an equidistant distance from each longitudinal end, in an indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning device (1).

16. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, - Each plate (10) extends along the longitudinal axis (Z) between its two longitudinal ends, - At least one drying channel (20 d ) has two air inlets (20 d,in ) and cooling outlet (20 d,out ) extends between, and the cooling outlet is located between the air inlets of the drying channel, - The fluid joint (21) comprises the dry channel and the wet channel (20) adjacent to the dry channel. w Between the air inlet and the cooling outlet (20 d, out ) between or located at the cooling outlet, - At least one wetting channel (20 w ) extends between the fluid joint and the two wet outlets, and the fluid joint (21) extends between the two wet outlets (20 w, out An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning unit (1) is positioned between the two.

17. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 16, An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) in which each plate is made from a polymer-containing material.

18. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) in which the thickness of each plate is less than 2 mm or less than 1 mm.

19. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 18, - The device extends along the horizontal axis between two lateral ends, forming a width (L), - Each drying channel has a thermal length (l) between the air inlet and the fluid joint. th ) extends along, - An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) in which the width is at least 1.5 times the thermal length.

20. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 19, - The device extends along the transverse axis between the two transverse ends, forming a height (h), - Each drying channel has a thermal length (l) between the air inlet and the fluid joint. th ) extends along, - An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) in which the height is at least 1.5 times the thermal length.

21. An indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 20, Each wet surface (10 w ) is an indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning system (1) connected to the water supply section by fluid or capillary connection.

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