Indirect bonding device and method of use thereof

Abstract

The indirect bonding device includes a first tray and a second tray. The first tray is configured to be removably coupled to a tooth having a tooth surface. The second tray is configured to be removably coupled to the first tray. The first tray includes a cavity extending at least partially from a first inner surface to a first outer surface along a longitudinal axis. An orthodontic appliance is at least partially and removably received within the cavity. An adhesive layer is disposed on a base surface of the orthodontic appliance. When the first tray is removably coupled to the tooth, the adhesive layer is spaced from the tooth surface. Furthermore, when the second tray is removably coupled to the first tray, the second tray engages the first tray and moves the orthodontic appliance toward the tooth surface such that the adhesive layer contacts the tooth surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to bonding devices and methods, and more particularly, to indirect bonding devices and methods for multiple teeth. The method may be used to attach an orthodontic appliance to multiple teeth using an indirect bonding device.

Background Art

[0002] Orthodontic appliances such as orthodontic brackets may be used in orthodontic treatment by a dentist to move one or more teeth of a patient from an abnormal position to a desired position within the patient's dental arch. Orthodontic treatment can improve the patient's facial appearance. In some cases, orthodontic treatment can also improve the function of the teeth by improving the occlusion during chewing.

[0003] Orthodontic treatment involves the movement of displaced teeth to desired positions within the oral cavity. Orthodontic treatment can improve the patient's facial appearance, particularly when the teeth are significantly misaligned or when the upper and lower teeth are displaced relative to each other. Orthodontic treatment can also improve the function of the teeth by improving the occlusion during chewing.

[0004] One common type of orthodontic treatment involves the use of small, slotted appliances known as brackets. The brackets are fixed to the patient's teeth, and an archwire is placed within the slot of each bracket. The archwire forms a track that guides the movement of the teeth to the desired positions.

[0005] The ends of the orthodontic archwire are often connected to small appliances known as buccal tubes that are fixed to the patient's molars. In many cases, a set of brackets, buccal tubes, and archwire are provided for each of the patient's upper and lower dental arches. The brackets, buccal tubes, and archwire are generally collectively referred to as a "brace".

[0006] In many types of orthodontic techniques, the precise positioning of the appliance on the teeth is a crucial factor in ensuring that the teeth move to their target final positions. For example, one common type of orthodontic treatment technique is known as the "straight wire" method, where the archwire lies in the horizontal plane at the completion of treatment. Therefore, the brackets must be correctly positioned at the start of treatment so that the teeth align properly when the archwire is straight and in the horizontal plane. For instance, if the brackets are attached to the teeth too close to the occlusal or lateral tip, an orthodontist using the straight wire method may notice that the teeth are pushed too far inward in their final positions. Conversely, if the brackets are attached to the teeth too close to the gums than the appropriate position, the teeth tend to be pushed outward beyond their desired final position.

[0007] One technique for bonding orthodontic appliances to teeth is known as indirect bonding. In the past, known indirect bonding methods often involved using placement devices or transfer appliances that had a shape matching the configuration of at least a portion of the patient's dental arch. One type of transfer appliance is often called a "transfer tray" or "indirect bonding tray" and typically has a cavity for receiving several teeth simultaneously. A set of appliances, such as brackets, is removably connected to the tray in specific positions.

[0008] During the use of a bonding tray for indirect bonding, the adhesive is typically applied to the base of each appliance by the orthodontist or staff member. The tray is then placed on the patient's teeth and remains in place until the adhesive hardens. Next, the tray is removed from the teeth and appliances, and as a result, all appliances that were previously connected to the tray are now bonded to their respective teeth in their intended positions.

[0009] Conventional orthodontic adhesives are typically highly filling, resulting in adhesives that are white or tooth-colored. It is desirable to use a sufficient but not excessive amount of adhesive to bond brackets to the tooth structure. Excess adhesive on the tooth structure can ultimately become a site for bacterial accumulation and / or staining from food or beverages. Since orthodontic treatment can last 18-36 months or longer, bacterial accumulation can damage the tooth structure and cause discoloration of the adhesive, both of which are undesirable. If the color of the adhesive is similar to the color of the teeth, i.e., due to the lack of contrasting color in the adhesive, it can be difficult to identify and remove excess adhesive from the tooth structure. [Overview of the Initiative]

[0010] In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides an indirect bonding device. The indirect bonding device includes a first tray, which is configured to be removablely bonded to a tooth having a tooth surface. The first tray includes a first inner surface that is at least partially fitted to the tooth surface. The first tray further includes a first outer surface opposite to the first inner surface. The first tray further includes a cavity that extends at least partially along its longitudinal axis from the first inner surface to the first outer surface. The indirect bonding device further includes an orthodontic appliance that is at least partially and removablely received within the cavity. The orthodontic appliance includes a base surface and an adhesive layer disposed on the base surface. The adhesive layer is configured to bond the orthodontic appliance to a tooth. The indirect bonding device further includes a second tray, which is configured to be removablely bonded to the first tray. When the first tray is removablely bonded to a tooth with the second tray removed from the first tray, the adhesive layer is separated from the tooth surface. Furthermore, when the second tray is detachably attached to the first tray, the second tray engages with the first tray, moving the orthodontic appliance toward the tooth surface, and the adhesive layer comes into contact with the tooth surface.

[0011] In another embodiment, the Disclosure provides an indirect bonding device. The indirect bonding device includes a first tray. The first tray includes a first inner surface and a first outer surface opposite to the first inner surface. The first tray further includes a cavity that extends at least partially along the longitudinal axis from the first inner surface to the first outer surface. The indirect bonding device further includes an orthodontic appliance that is at least partially and detachably received within the cavity. The orthodontic appliance includes a base surface. The indirect bonding device further includes a second tray configured to be detachably coupled to the first tray. The second tray includes a second inner surface and a second outer surface opposite to the second inner surface. When the orthodontic appliance is received within the cavity of the first tray with the second tray removed from the first tray, the base surface of the orthodontic appliance is positioned within the cavity and spaced at a first gap along the longitudinal axis away from the first inner surface. Furthermore, when the second tray is detachably coupled to the first tray, the second inner surface of the second tray engages with the first tray, moving the orthodontic appliance toward the first inner surface, and the base of the orthodontic appliance is separated from the first inner surface by a second gap along the longitudinal axis. The second gap is smaller than the first gap.

[0012] In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method for multiple teeth. Each of the multiple teeth has a tooth surface. The method includes providing a first tray comprising a plurality of cavities and a plurality of orthodontic appliances. Each of the plurality of orthodontic appliances is at least partially and detachably received in a corresponding cavity of the plurality of cavities. Furthermore, an adhesive layer is provided on the base surface of each orthodontic appliance. The method further includes detachably coupling the first tray to the plurality of teeth, such that the adhesive layer provided on the base surface of the corresponding orthodontic appliance is spaced apart from the tooth surface of the corresponding tooth. The method further includes detachably coupling a second tray to the first tray and moving each orthodontic appliance toward the tooth surface of the corresponding tooth, such that the adhesive layer provided on the base surface of the corresponding orthodontic appliance contacts the tooth surface of the corresponding tooth. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0013] The exemplary embodiments disclosed herein can be more fully understood by examining the following “Modes for Carrying Out the Invention” in conjunction with the following figures. The figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Similar numbers used in the drawings indicate similar components. However, it should be understood that the use of numbers to indicate components in a given figure is not intended to limit components in other figures indicated by the same number. [Figure 1A] This is a schematic side view of an indirect bonding device and a patient's dental arch according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 1B] This is a schematic cross-sectional side view of an indirect bonding device and a patient's tooth according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2A] This is a schematic cross-sectional side view of an indirect bonding device and a tooth according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2B] This is a schematic cross-sectional side view of an indirect bonding device and a tooth according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2C] This is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional side view of an indirect bonding device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3A] This is a schematic cross-sectional side view of an indirect bonding device and a tooth according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3B] This is a schematic cross-sectional side view of an indirect bonding device and a tooth according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4A] This is a schematic cross-sectional side view of an indirect bonding device and a tooth according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4B] This is a schematic cross-sectional side view of an indirect bonding device and a tooth according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5A] This is a schematic cross-sectional side view of an indirect bonding device and a tooth according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5B]A schematic cross-sectional side view of an indirect bonding device and a tooth according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] A flowchart showing a method for multiple teeth. [Figure 7A] A schematic cross-sectional side view of an indirect bonding device and a tooth according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7B] A schematic cross-sectional side view of an indirect bonding device and a tooth according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8A] A perspective view of the indirect bonding device of FIGS. 7A and 7B. [[ID=十三]] [Figure 8B] A perspective view of the indirect bonding device of FIGS. 7A and 7B.

[0014] Definitions "Mesial" means the direction towards the center of the patient's curved dental arch.

[0015] "Distal" means the direction away from the center of the patient's curved dental arch.

[0016] "Occlusal" means the direction towards the outer tip of the patient's teeth.

[0017] "Gingival" means the direction towards the patient's tooth root or gum.

[0018] "Lingual" means the direction towards the patient's tongue. [[ID=十九]]

[0019] "Labial" means the direction towards the patient's lip.

[0020] "Buccal" means the direction towards the patient's cheek.

[0021] When used herein as a modifier for a characteristic or attribute, the term “generally” means, unless otherwise specified, that the characteristic or attribute is readily recognizable to a person skilled in the art, but does not require absolute precision or perfect agreement (e.g., within ±20% for quantifiable characteristics). The term “substantially” means, unless otherwise specified, a high degree of approximation (e.g., within ±10% for quantifiable characteristics), but again, does not require absolute precision or perfect agreement. Terms such as identical, equal, uniform, constant, and strictly are understood to mean that they do not require absolute precision or perfect agreement, but are within the normal tolerance or measurement error applicable to the particular situation. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0022] The following description refers to the accompanying drawings, which constitute part of the description and illustrate various embodiments. It should be understood that other embodiments may be conceived and implemented without departing from the scope or spirit of this disclosure. Therefore, the embodiments for carrying out the invention described below should not be construed as restrictive.

[0023] This disclosure relates to an indirect bonding device. The indirect bonding device may be used to apply orthodontic appliances to a patient's teeth. Furthermore, the indirect bonding device may be used to apply multiple orthodontic appliances to multiple teeth of a patient.

[0024] The indirect bonding device includes a first tray. The first tray is configured to be removablely bonded to a tooth having a tooth surface. The first tray includes a first inner surface that is at least partially fitted to the tooth surface. The first tray further includes a first outer surface opposite to the first inner surface. The first tray further includes a cavity that extends at least partially along the longitudinal axis from the first inner surface to the first outer surface. The indirect bonding device further includes an orthodontic appliance that is at least partially and removablely received within the cavity. The orthodontic appliance includes a base surface and an adhesive layer disposed on the base surface. The adhesive layer is configured to bond the orthodontic appliance to the tooth. The indirect bonding device further includes a second tray configured to be removablely bonded to the first tray.

[0025] When the first tray is removably attached to the tooth with the second tray detached from the first tray, the adhesive layer is separated from the tooth surface. Furthermore, when the second tray is removably attached to the first tray, the second tray engages with the first tray, moving the orthodontic appliance toward the tooth surface, and the adhesive layer comes into contact with the tooth surface.

[0026] Conventional bonding techniques may utilize a "transfer tray" to apply orthodontic appliances to a patient's teeth. However, when conventional transfer trays are attached to the teeth, the orthodontic appliance approaches the tooth in the occlusal-gingival direction (i.e., substantially parallel to the lingual and labial surfaces of the tooth) along with the adhesive that bonds the appliance to the tooth. Generally, this results in adhesive smearing along the lingual and labial surfaces of the tooth. Adhesive smearing reduces the volume of adhesive bonding the orthodontic appliance to the tooth, which can lead to poor adhesion of the orthodontic appliance to the tooth. In some cases, orthodontic appliances with poor adhesion may need to be rebonded by the dentist, thus increasing the patient's chair time.

[0027] In some cases, dentists may use more adhesive than necessary to reduce the possibility of poor adhesion of orthodontic appliances to teeth. However, this can result in excessive adhesive being applied to the lingual and labial surfaces of the teeth. Excessive adhesive can cause uneven discoloration, calcification, and / or demineralization of the teeth. In some cases, excessive adhesive can lead to plaque buildup, which can result in dental erosion. Therefore, removing excess adhesive further increases the patient's chair time.

[0028] The indirect bonding device of this disclosure can reduce or prevent undesirable abrasion of the adhesive layer onto the patient's teeth. Specifically, because the adhesive layer is spaced apart from the tooth surface, the adhesive layer positioned on the base surface of the orthodontic appliance will not rub against the tooth surface when the first tray is detachably bonded to the teeth. Therefore, the indirect bonding device can prevent the adhesive layer from being wiped off the tooth surface. Thus, the indirect bonding device can eliminate the need for the dentist to estimate and optimize the volume and thickness of the adhesive layer for secure adhesion of the orthodontic appliance to the teeth. In addition, the indirect bonding device can eliminate the need to remove excess adhesive (when the dentist uses more adhesive than necessary). This can reduce the patient's chair time.

[0029] Furthermore, when the second tray is detachably coupled to the first tray, the orthodontic appliance, along with the adhesive layer, can move substantially perpendicular to its tooth surface (e.g., the lingual and / or labial tooth surfaces) and approach the tooth. Thus, the indirect bonding device can uniformly spread the adhesive layer over the tooth surface. As a result, the indirect bonding device can improve the adhesion between the orthodontic appliance and the tooth. Consequently, the indirect bonding device can provide a strong and secure bond of the orthodontic appliance and further reduce the patient's chair time.

[0030] Referring to the figure, Figure 1A shows the patient's dental arch 50. The dental arch 50 includes several teeth 60. Each of the several teeth 60 has a tooth surface 62. The tooth surface 62 may correspond to the outer surface of the corresponding tooth 60. The tooth surface 62 may include a labial tooth surface, a buccal tooth surface, a lingual tooth surface, and an occlusal tooth surface. Furthermore, the tooth surface 62 of each tooth 60 may include an application surface and a non-application surface. The application surface may refer to the surface to which the orthodontic appliance will be applied. The non-application surface may refer to a surface other than the application surface, i.e., a surface to which the orthodontic appliance should not be applied. The application surface may be on the labial tooth surface or the lingual tooth surface of each tooth 60. As shown in Figure 1A, each tooth 60 is partially surrounded by the patient's gingival tissue 70.

[0031] One or more of a patient's teeth may be displaced. Therefore, the patient may need to undergo orthodontic treatment to correct the displacement of one or more teeth. Correcting the displacement of one or more teeth can improve the patient's facial appearance. Furthermore, correcting the displacement of one or more teeth can improve the function of those teeth by improving occlusion during chewing.

[0032] Figure 1A further illustrates an indirect bonding device 100 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The indirect bonding device 100 may be used by a dentist to assist in orthodontic treatment of one or more teeth 60. The indirect bonding device 100 may be used to precisely and accurately apply an orthodontic appliance to multiple teeth 60. Specifically, the indirect bonding device 100 may be used to precisely and accurately apply an orthodontic appliance to the application surfaces of multiple teeth 60.

[0033] The indirect bonding device 100 includes a first tray 110 and a second tray 120. The first tray 110 is configured to be detachably coupled to a plurality of teeth 60. Furthermore, the second tray 120 is configured to be detachably coupled to the first tray 110.

[0034] The indirect bonding device 100 further includes a plurality of orthodontic appliances 130 (indicated by dashed lines). Each of the plurality of orthodontic appliances 130 is at least partially and removably contained within the first tray 110. Each orthodontic appliance 130 corresponds to a tooth 60 of a plurality of teeth 60. Specifically, the indirect bonding device 100 includes a corresponding orthodontic appliance 130 for a corresponding tooth 60 of a plurality of teeth 60.

[0035] When the second tray 120 is detached from the first tray 110 and the first tray 110 is detachably coupled to multiple teeth 60, each orthodontic appliance 130 is spaced apart from the tooth surface 62 of the corresponding tooth 60. Furthermore, when the second tray 120 is detachably coupled to the first tray 110, the second tray 120 engages with the first tray 110, moving each orthodontic appliance 130 toward the tooth surface 62 of the corresponding tooth 60.

[0036] Note that the dental arch 50 shown in Figure 1A is the patient's mandibular dental arch. Therefore, the indirect bonding device 100 shown in Figure 1A is configured according to the mandibular dental arch. In some other embodiments, the dental arch 50 may also include the patient's maxillary dental arch, and the indirect bonding device 100 may be configured according to the maxillary dental arch. Furthermore, note that the indirect bonding device 100 shown in Figures 1A and 1B is configured to bond the corresponding orthodontic appliance 130 to the corresponding tooth 60 on the labial tooth surface of the corresponding tooth 60. Specifically, the application surface of each tooth 60 is the labial tooth surface. In some other embodiments, the indirect bonding device 100 may be configured to bond the corresponding orthodontic appliance 130 to the corresponding tooth 60 on the lingual tooth surface of the corresponding tooth 60. Specifically, the application surface of each tooth 60 may be the lingual tooth surface. Furthermore, it should be noted that each orthodontic appliance 130 shown in Figure 1A is an orthodontic bracket. In some other embodiments, the multiple orthodontic appliances 130 may include any appliances that are configured to be bonded to multiple teeth 60.

[0037] In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1A, the first tray 110 is a complete tray. Specifically, the first tray 110 includes multiple orthodontic appliances 130 corresponding to multiple teeth 60. However, in some other embodiments, the first tray 110 may be a partial tray. That is, the first tray 110 may include at least one orthodontic appliance 130 corresponding to at least one tooth 60. In some cases (e.g., dentin density), a partial tray may be used by a dentist to allow for greater control over the adhesion of the orthodontic appliance to the teeth. In these cases, the first tray 110 may be a two- or three-part complete tray. In some other cases, a partial tray may be used to reapply a particular orthodontic appliance that has accidentally detached. Specifically, a partial tray may be used to reapply a particular orthodontic appliance in the event of a malfunction (e.g., breakage). Thus, the second tray 120 may also be a partial tray corresponding to the first tray 110. However, the configurations of the first tray 110 and the second tray 120 may be modified according to desired attributes.

[0038] The indirect bonding device 100 may be used to apply multiple orthodontic appliances 130 to multiple teeth 60. Specifically, the indirect bonding device 100 may be used to apply corresponding orthodontic appliances 130 to corresponding teeth 60. Advantageously, the indirect bonding device 100 may apply multiple orthodontic appliances 130 to multiple teeth 60 simultaneously when the second tray 120 is detachably coupled to the first tray 110. In some embodiments, the indirect bonding device 100 may be used to apply at least one orthodontic appliance 130 corresponding to at least one tooth 60. The indirect bonding device 100 will be described in detail with reference to Figures 1B, 2A, and 2B.

[0039] Figure 1B shows a cross-sectional side view of an indirect bonding device 100 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1B further shows a cross-sectional side view of tooth 60A among a plurality of teeth 60 (shown in Figure 1A). Tooth 60A has a tooth surface 62A. As described above, the tooth surface 62A corresponds to the outer surface of tooth 60A. The tooth surface 62A includes a labial tooth surface, a buccal tooth surface, a lingual tooth surface, and an occlusal tooth surface. Furthermore, the tooth surface 62A includes an application surface and a non-application surface. The application surface may be the labial tooth surface of tooth 60A or the lingual tooth surface of tooth 60A. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1B, the application surface is the labial tooth surface of tooth 60A, and the non-application surface includes the lingual tooth surface of tooth 60A.

[0040] Tooth 60A may include a central incisor, lateral incisor, canine, premolar, first molar, second molar, or third molar. Furthermore, tooth 60A may belong to the patient's mandibular or maxillary dental arch. As shown in Figure 1B, tooth 60A is partially surrounded by the patient's gingival tissue 70.

[0041] In the following, tooth 60A is referred to, but it should be understood that the indirect bonding device 100 may include multiple described features corresponding to each tooth 60 of the multiple teeth 60 (shown in Figure 1A). Referring to Figure 1B, the first tray 110 is configured to be detachably coupled to tooth 60A having a tooth surface 62A. The first tray 110 includes a first inner surface 112 and a first outer surface 114 opposite to the first inner surface 112. The first inner surface 112 is at least partially fitted to the tooth surface 62A.

[0042] The second tray 120 is configured to be detachably coupled to the first tray 110. The second tray 120 includes a second inner surface 122 and a second outer surface 124 opposite to the second inner surface 122. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1B, the second tray 120 further includes projections 123 located on its second inner surface 122. In some embodiments, the projections 123 extend toward the first outer surface 114 of the first tray 110.

[0043] In some embodiments, the second tray 120 is detachably coupled to the first tray 110 via an interference fit. In other words, the second inner surface 122 of the second tray 120 may have slightly smaller geometric dimensions than the first outer surface 114 of the first tray 110. As a result, when the second tray 120 is detachably coupled to the first tray 110, the second tray 120 can deform the first tray 110 at least partially.

[0044] Therefore, in some embodiments, the first tray 110 comprises a first material having a first modulus of elasticity. In some embodiments, the second tray 120 comprises a second material having a second modulus of elasticity. In some embodiments, the second modulus of elasticity is greater than that of the first modulus of elasticity, so that the second tray 120, when engaged with the first tray 110, deforms the first tray 110 at least partially. In other words, in some embodiments, the first tray 110 may be softer or more flexible than the second tray 120. In some embodiments, the first modulus of elasticity is about 0.5 megapascals (MPa) to about 100 MPa. In some embodiments, the second modulus of elasticity is about 1000 MPa to about 2500 MPa. In some other embodiments, the first modulus of elasticity may be about 20 MPa to about 500 MPa, and the second modulus of elasticity may be about 2000 MPa to about 3000 MPa.

[0045] The first tray 110 and the second tray 120 may be manufactured from any suitable material using any suitable manufacturing process. For example, each of the first tray 110 and the second tray 120 may be manufactured from a material such as silicone, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PET-G), polystyrene, and the like. Furthermore, each of the first tray 110 and the second tray 120 may be manufactured by additive manufacturing, thermoforming, or a combination thereof. A dentist may scan a plurality of teeth 60 (as shown in Figure 1) and generate a virtual model of the plurality of teeth 60. In some cases, the dentist may send the virtual model of the plurality of teeth 60 to a manufacturing facility to manufacture the first tray 110 and the second tray 120 according to the virtual model. In some other cases, the dentist may manufacture the first tray 110 and the second tray 120 himself based on the virtual model.

[0046] As shown in Figure 1B, the first tray 110 further includes a cavity 116. The cavity 116 extends at least partially along the longitudinal axis 117 from a first inner surface 112 to a first outer surface 114. The first tray 110 further includes an orthodontic appliance 130A. The orthodontic appliance 130A may be from a plurality of orthodontic appliances 130 (shown in Figure 1A). The orthodontic appliance 130A is at least partially and removably received within the cavity 116. The cavity 116 may be contained within the first tray 110 corresponding to the application surface of the tooth 60A. Furthermore, the size of the cavity 116 may be configured according to the size of the orthodontic appliance 130A. In some cases, the orthodontic appliance 130A may be interchangeably named with the orthodontic appliance 130.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first tray 110 further includes a plurality of cavities 116 corresponding to a plurality of teeth 60 (as shown in Figure 1A). In some embodiments, the indirect bonding device 100 includes a plurality of orthodontic appliances 130A corresponding to a plurality of teeth 60 (as shown in Figure 1A). Each orthodontic appliance 130A is at least partially and removably received in a corresponding cavity 116 of the plurality of cavities 116. The plurality of cavities 116 may correspond to application surfaces of the plurality of teeth 60 (as shown in Figure 1A).

[0048] The orthodontic appliance 130A shown in Figure 1B is an orthodontic bracket. In some other embodiments, the orthodontic appliance 130A may include any orthodontic appliance that will be bonded to the tooth 60A. Specifically, the orthodontic appliance 130A may include, but are not limited to, orthodontic buccal tubes, orthodontic sheaths, orthodontic occlusal openers, occlusal ramps, aligner attachments, orthodontic buttons, orthodontic cleats, and the like. In some embodiments, different orthodontic appliances from among the multiple orthodontic appliances 130A may be applied to different teeth among the multiple teeth 60 (shown in Figure 1A). For example, orthodontic brackets may be applied to incisors, canines, etc., while orthodontic buccal tubes may be applied to the patient's molars.

[0049] The orthodontic appliance 130A includes a base surface 132. The base surface 132 may have a shape suitable for bonding to the tooth surface 62A. Specifically, the base surface 132 may have a shape suitable for bonding to the application surface of tooth 60A. In some embodiments, the base surface 132 may have an outer shape that matches the outer shape of the application surface of tooth 60A. In some embodiments, the orthodontic appliance 130A may further include meshes, projections, patterns, and the like (not shown) placed on the base surface 132 to improve the bonding of the orthodontic appliance 130A to tooth 60A.

[0050] The orthodontic appliance 130A further includes an adhesive layer 140 disposed on a base surface 132. The adhesive layer 140 is configured to bond the orthodontic appliance 130A to the tooth 60A. The adhesive layer 140 specifies a thickness 140T. The thickness 140T of the adhesive layer 140 may be specified as the maximum thickness of the adhesive layer 140.

[0051] The adhesive layer 140 may include a single-layer or multi-layer adhesive. Specifically, the adhesive layer 140 may include one or more adhesive layers. Each of the one or more adhesive layers may contain a different adhesive. The one or more adhesive layers may contain different adhesive compositions. The compositions may include, for example, both photocurable and chemically curable orthodontic adhesives. In some embodiments, the compositions may include fluoride-releasing adhesives, self-etching adhesives, self-priming adhesives, color-changing adhesives, and combinations thereof.

[0052] Suitable adhesives include composites, compomers, glass ionomers, and resin-modified glass ionomers. Examples of photocurable adhesives include 3M Unitek's Transbond brand XT primer, Transbond brand MIP primer, Transbond Supreme LV, and Transbond LR adhesives, as well as 3M ESPE's Adper brand Single Bond, Adper brand Single Bond Plus, and Adper brand Scotchbond adhesives. Examples of chemically curable adhesives include 3M Unitek's Sondhi brand adhesive, Concise brand adhesive, and Multi-Cure brand glass ionomer cement.

[0053] It should be noted that the adhesive layer 140 may contain one or more of the above-mentioned examples of adhesives and any other suitable adhesives, according to the desired attributes.

[0054] In some embodiments, the first tray 110 may further include a ring-shaped recess (not shown) adjacent to the orthodontic appliance 130A. Specifically, the cavity 116 may include a ring-shaped recess. In some embodiments, excess adhesive of the adhesive layer 140 may flow into the ring-shaped recess during bonding and may not rub against the non-applicable surface of the tooth 60A. Thus, the ring-shaped recess can create a smooth transition of the adhesive layer 140 from the base surface 132 of the orthodontic appliance 130A to the tooth 60A. Therefore, the ring-shaped recess can further reduce the rubbing of the adhesive layer 140 on the non-applicable surface of the tooth 60A. Furthermore, the adhesive layer 140 can be applied uniformly to the applicable surface of the tooth 60A.

[0055] As shown in Figure 1B, in some embodiments, when the orthodontic appliance 130A is received in the cavity 116 of the first tray 110 with the second tray 120 removed, the base surface 132 of the orthodontic appliance 130A and the first inner surface 112 of the first tray 110 define a first gap G1 between them along the longitudinal axis 117. In other words, the base surface 132 of the orthodontic appliance 130A is positioned in the cavity 116 and spaced apart from the first inner surface 112 by the first gap G1 along the longitudinal axis 117. In some embodiments, the first gap G1 may be defined as the minimum gap between the base surface 132 of the orthodontic appliance 130A and the first inner surface 112 of the first tray 110.

[0056] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1B, in some embodiments, the first tray 110 further includes one or more occlusal-side stop members 190. When the first tray 110 is detachably coupled to a plurality of teeth 60, the occlusal-side stop members 190 can engage with the occlusal tooth surfaces of the plurality of teeth 60 (as shown in Figure 1A). In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1B, the occlusal-side stop member 190 extends from a first inner surface 112 to a first outer surface 114 of the first tray 110. However, in some other embodiments, the occlusal-side stop member 190 may partially extend from the first inner surface 112 to the first outer surface 114 of the first tray 110. Furthermore, it should be understood that the occlusal-side stop member 190 may have any shape according to desired attributes.

[0057] In some embodiments, the occlusal-side stop member 190 may be rigid. Specifically, the occlusal-side stop member 190 cannot deform when the first tray 110 is detachably coupled to the tooth 60A and when the second tray 120 is detachably coupled to the first tray 110. Therefore, since the first tray 110 may be deformable, the occlusal-side stop member 190 can improve the positioning of the first tray 110 on the tooth 60A. Furthermore, the occlusal-side stop member 190 can improve the positioning of the cavity 116 corresponding to the application surface of the tooth 60A. Therefore, the occlusal-side stop member 190 can improve the accuracy and precision of the positioning of the orthodontic appliance 130A on the tooth 60A.

[0058] Figure 2A shows the first tray 110 detachably coupled to the tooth 60A, and the second tray 120 detached from the first tray 110. Referring to Figure 2A, when the first tray 110 is detachably coupled to the tooth 60A with the second tray 120 detached from the first tray 110, the adhesive layer 140 is separated from the tooth surface 62A.

[0059] In some embodiments, when the first tray 110 is detachably coupled to the teeth 60A with the second tray 120 removed from the first tray 110, the first gap G1 may remain unchanged. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 2A, the first gap G1 remains unchanged when the first tray 110 is detachably coupled to the teeth 60A. In some embodiments, an adhesive layer 140 placed on the base surface 132 partially fills the first gap G1 before the second tray 120 is detachably coupled to the first tray 110, and the adhesive layer 140 is spaced apart from the tooth surface 62A. In other words, the first gap G1 is greater than the thickness 140T of the adhesive layer 140.

[0060] In the embodiments illustrated in Figures 1B and 2A, when the orthodontic appliance 130A is received in the cavity 116 with the second tray 120 removed from the first tray 110, a minimum gap GA is created between the adhesive layer 140 and the first inner surface 112 of the first tray 110. When the first tray 110 is detachably coupled to the tooth 60A with the second tray 120 removed from the first tray 110, the minimum gap GA may remain unchanged. In some cases, the minimum gap GA may be less than or equal to the difference between the first gap G1 and the thickness 140T of the adhesive layer 140 (GA ≤ (G1 - 140T)). Furthermore, the minimum gap GA may always be greater than 0 so that the adhesive layer 140 is spaced apart from the first inner surface 112 of the first tray 110 and the tooth surface 62A of the tooth 60A. However, in some embodiments, the minimum gap GA may be substantially 0. The minimum gap GA ensures that when the second tray 120 is removed from the first tray 110 and the first tray 110 is detachably bonded to the tooth 60A, the adhesive layer 140 does not come into contact with the tooth surface 62A.

[0061] When the first tray 110 is detachably coupled to the tooth 60A, the occlusal-side stopper member 190 engages with the occlusal tooth surface of the tooth 60A. As described above, the occlusal-side stopper member 190 can improve the positioning of the first tray 110 on the tooth 60A. The occlusal-side stopper member 190 can also improve the positioning of the cavity 116 so that the cavity 116 corresponds to the application surface of the tooth 60A. As shown in Figures 2A and 2B, the first tray 110 may be configured not to contact the gingival tissue 70 when detachably coupled to the tooth 60A. Thus, the indirect bonding device 100 can improve patient comfort during orthodontic treatment.

[0062] Figure 2B shows the first tray 110 detachably coupled to the tooth 60A with the second tray 120 detachably coupled to the first tray 110. Referring to Figure 2B, when the second tray 120 is detachably coupled to the first tray 110, the second tray 120 engages with the first tray 110, moving the orthodontic appliance 130A toward the tooth surface 62A so that the adhesive layer 140 comes into contact with the tooth surface 62A. Furthermore, when the second tray 120 is detachably coupled to the first tray 110, the second inner surface 122 of the second tray 120 engages with the first tray 110, moving the orthodontic appliance 130A toward the first inner surface 112 so that the base surface 132 of the orthodontic appliance 130A is separated from the first inner surface 112 by a second gap G2 along the longitudinal axis 117. The second gap G2 is smaller than the first gap G1. In some embodiments, the second gap G2 is less than or equal to the thickness 140T of the adhesive layer 140 (shown in Figure 2A). In some other embodiments, the second gap G2 is substantially zero.

[0063] More specifically, in the embodiments illustrated in Figures 2A and 2B, when the second tray 120 is detachably coupled to the first tray 110, the projection 123 deforms the first tray 110 at least partially, moving the orthodontic appliance 130A toward the tooth surface 62A along the longitudinal axis 117 so that the adhesive layer 140 comes into contact with the tooth surface 62A. Furthermore, the projection 123 deforms the first tray 110 at least partially, moving the orthodontic appliance 130A toward the first inner surface 112 of the first tray 110 along the longitudinal axis 117 so that the adhesive layer 140 becomes at least coplanar with the first inner surface 112.

[0064] The projection 123 may have any preferred shape such that it extends toward the first outer surface 114 of the first tray 110, and is greater than the rest of the second inner surface 122 of the second tray 120. In some cases, the projection 123 may have a substantially planar portion that contacts or engages with the first outer surface 114 of the first tray 110. Furthermore, a raised portion of the projection 123 may be positioned between the planar portion and the second inner surface 122 of the second tray 120. The raised portion may extend at least along the longitudinal axis 117. Furthermore, the raised portion may be curved or straight.

[0065] The indirect bonding device 100 can reduce the abrasion of the adhesive layer 140 onto the patient's tooth 60A. Specifically, the adhesive layer 140 may be positioned on the base surface 132 of the orthodontic appliance 130A so that the adhesive layer 140 does not rub against the tooth surface 62A when the first tray 110 is detachably bonded to the tooth 60A. Therefore, the indirect bonding device 100 can prevent the adhesive layer 140 from being wiped off the tooth surface 62A. Thus, the indirect bonding device 100 can eliminate the need for the dentist to estimate and optimize the thickness 140T of the adhesive layer 140 for secure adhesion of the orthodontic appliance 130A to the tooth 60A. In addition, the indirect bonding device 100 can eliminate the need to remove excess adhesive (when the dentist uses more adhesive than necessary). This can reduce the patient's chair time.

[0066] The detachable connection of the second tray 120 to the first tray 110 can advantageously reduce local deformation of the first tray 110. That is, the second tray 120 can deform the first tray 110 in a uniform manner. This can result in greater precision and accuracy in the positioning of the orthodontic appliance 130A on the teeth 60A. Specifically, the orthodontic appliance 130A can be applied precisely and accurately to the application surface of the teeth 60A. As a result, the indirect bonding device 100 can improve the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment.

[0067] Furthermore, when the second tray 120 is detachably coupled to the first tray 110, the orthodontic appliance 130A may move substantially perpendicular to the application surface of tooth 60A and approach tooth 60A. Thus, the indirect bonding device 100 can enable uniform spreading or application of the adhesive layer 140 on the application surface of tooth 60A. Thus, the indirect bonding device 100 can enable strong and secure adhesion of the orthodontic appliance 130A to tooth 60A.

[0068] As shown in Figure 2C, in some embodiments, the first tray 110 further includes a cavity projection 118 extending into the cavity 116. The cavity projection 118 engages with the orthodontic appliance 130A, thereby holding the orthodontic appliance 130A within the cavity 116. In some embodiments, the cavity projection 118 may be formed integrally with the first tray 110. In some embodiments, the cavity projection 118 may comprise a first material having a first modulus of elasticity. The cavity projection 118 may have any preferred cross-sectional shape, such as curved, polygonal, semicircular, or similar. In some embodiments, the cavity projection 118 may have a complete or partial annular configuration positioned around the orthodontic appliance 130A.

[0069] Figures 3A and 3B show an indirect bonding device 200 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The indirect bonding device 200 is substantially similar to the indirect bonding device 100 shown in Figures 2A and 2B. Common components between the indirect bonding devices 100 and 200 are indicated by the same reference numerals. However, the indirect bonding device 200 includes a first tray 210 and a second tray 220, which have different configurations from the first tray 110 and the second tray 120 shown in Figures 2A and 2B.

[0070] Referring to Figures 3A and 3B, the first tray 210 is configured to be detachably coupled to a tooth 60A having a tooth surface 62A. The first tray 210 includes a first inner surface 212 and a first outer surface 214 opposite to the first inner surface 212. The first inner surface 212 is at least partially fitted to the tooth surface 62A. The first tray 210 further includes a tray projection 215 positioned on the first outer surface 214 and extending along the longitudinal axis 117 away from the first inner surface 212 of the first tray 210. In some embodiments, the first tray 210 may further include an occlusal-side stop member 190 (shown in Figure 2A).

[0071] Furthermore, the second tray 220 is configured to be detachably coupled to the first tray 210. The second tray 220 includes a second inner surface 222 and a second outer surface 224 opposite to the second inner surface 222.

[0072] Figure 3A shows the first tray 210 detachably coupled to the tooth 60A, and the second tray 220 detached from the first tray 210. Referring to Figure 3A, when the first tray 210 is detachably coupled to the tooth 60A with the second tray 220 detached from the first tray 210, the adhesive layer 140 is separated from the tooth surface 62A.

[0073] In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 3A, when the first tray 210 is detachably coupled to the tooth 60A with the second tray 220 removed from it, the first gap G1 remains unchanged. Furthermore, the adhesive layer 140 positioned on the base surface 132 partially fills the first gap G1 before the second tray 220 is detachably coupled to the first tray 210, and the adhesive layer 140 is spaced apart from the tooth surface 62A. In other words, the first gap G1 is greater than the thickness 140T of the adhesive layer 140.

[0074] Figure 3B shows the first tray 210 detachably coupled to the tooth 60A with the second tray 220 detachably coupled to the first tray 210. Referring to Figure 3B, when the second tray 220 is detachably coupled to the first tray 210, the second tray 220 engages with the first tray 210, moving the orthodontic appliance 130A toward the tooth surface 62A so that the adhesive layer 140 comes into contact with the tooth surface 62A. Furthermore, when the second tray 220 is detachably coupled to the first tray 210, the second tray 220 engages with the first tray 210, moving the orthodontic appliance 130A toward the first inner surface 212 so that the base surface 132 of the orthodontic appliance 130A is separated from the first inner surface 212 by a second gap G2 along the longitudinal axis 117. The second gap G2 is smaller than the first gap G1. In some embodiments, the second gap G2 is less than or equal to the thickness 140T of the adhesive layer 140 (shown in Figure 3A). In some other embodiments, the second gap G2 is substantially zero. In some embodiments, the second gap G2 may be negative.

[0075] More specifically, in the embodiment illustrated in Figures 3A and 3B, when the second tray 220 is detachably coupled to the first tray 210, the second inner surface 222 of the second tray 220 engages with the tray projection 215, at least partially deforming the tray projection 215 and moving the orthodontic appliance 130A toward the tooth surface 62A along the longitudinal axis 117 so that the adhesive layer 140 comes into contact with the tooth surface 62A. Furthermore, the second inner surface 222 of the second tray 220 engages with the tray projection 215, at least partially deforming the tray projection 215 and moving the orthodontic appliance 130A toward the first inner surface 212 along the longitudinal axis 117 so that the adhesive layer 140 is at least coplanar with the first inner surface 212. In some cases, the second tray 220 may deform the tray projection 215 such that the tray projection 215 substantially conforms to the second inner surface 222 of the second tray 220. The deformation of the tray projection 215 causes the orthodontic appliance 130A to move toward the first inner surface 212 of the first tray 210 and toward the tooth surface 62A of the tooth 60A.

[0076] The tray protrusion 215 may have any preferred shape such that the tray protrusion is larger than the rest of the first outer surface 214 of the first tray 210 and extends toward the second inner surface 222 of the second tray 220. The tray protrusion 215 may have various cross-sectional shapes, such as curved, polygonal, or semicircular.

[0077] Figures 4A and 4B show an indirect bonding device 300 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The indirect bonding device 300 is substantially similar to the indirect bonding device 100 shown in Figures 2A and 2B. Common components between the indirect bonding devices 100 and 300 are indicated by the same reference numerals. However, the indirect bonding device 300 includes a first tray 310 and a second tray 320, respectively, which have different configurations from the first tray 110 and the second tray 120 shown in Figures 2A and 2B. Furthermore, the first tray 310 includes a cavity 316, which has a different configuration from the cavity 116 shown in Figures 2A and 2B.

[0078] Referring to Figures 4A and 4B, the first tray 310 is configured to be detachably coupled to a tooth 60A having a tooth surface 62A. The first tray 310 includes a first inner surface 312 and a first outer surface 314 opposite to the first inner surface 312. The first inner surface 312 is at least partially fitted to the tooth surface 62A. In some embodiments, the first tray 310 may further include an occlusal-side stop member 190 (shown in Figure 2A).

[0079] Furthermore, the second tray 320 is configured to be detachably coupled to the first tray 310. The second tray 320 includes a second inner surface 322 and a second outer surface 324 opposite to the second inner surface 322.

[0080] The cavity 316 extends from the first inner surface 312 to the first outer surface 314 of the first tray 310. Thus, the cavity 316 may form a through-opening within the first tray 310. In some embodiments, the first tray 310 may further include a cavity projection 118 (shown in Figure 2C) extending into the cavity 316.

[0081] When the orthodontic appliance 130A is received in the cavity 316 with the second tray 320 removed from the first tray 310, the orthodontic appliance 130A extends at least partially through the first outer surface 314 of the first tray 310. Furthermore, when the orthodontic appliance 130A is received in the cavity 316 of the first tray 310 with the second tray 320 removed from the first tray 310, the base surface 132 of the orthodontic appliance 130A is positioned within the cavity 316 and spaced apart from the first inner surface 312 by a first gap G1 along the longitudinal axis 117. In some embodiments, at least 10% of the maximum length of the orthodontic appliance 130A is positioned above the first outer surface 314 of the first tray 310. In other words, at least 10% of the maximum length of the orthodontic appliance 130A extends outside the cavity 316. In some other embodiments, at least 15%, at least 20%, or at least 30% of the maximum length of the orthodontic appliance 130A is positioned above the first outer surface 314 of the first tray 310.

[0082] Figure 4A shows the first tray 310 detachably coupled to the tooth 60A, and the second tray 320 detached from the first tray 310. Referring to Figure 4A, when the first tray 310 is detachably coupled to the tooth 60A with the second tray 320 detached from the first tray 310, the orthodontic appliance 130A extends at least partially through the first outer surface 314 of the first tray 310. The orthodontic appliance 130A is detachably received at least partially within the cavity 316 of the first tray 310 such that the adhesive layer 140 is separated from the tooth surface 62A when the first tray 310 is detachably coupled to the tooth 60A.

[0083] In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 4A, when the first tray 310 is detachably coupled to the tooth 60A with the second tray 320 removed from the first tray 310, the first gap G1 remains unchanged. Furthermore, the adhesive layer 140 positioned on the base surface 132 partially fills the first gap G1 before the second tray 120 is detachably coupled to the first tray 110, and the adhesive layer 140 is spaced apart from the tooth surface 62A. In other words, the first gap G1 is greater than the thickness 140T of the adhesive layer 140.

[0084] Figure 4B shows the first tray 310 detachably coupled to the tooth 60A with the second tray 320 detachably coupled to the first tray 310. Referring to Figure 4B, when the second tray 320 is detachably coupled to the first tray 310, the second tray 320 engages with the first tray 310, moving the orthodontic appliance 130A toward the tooth surface 62A along the longitudinal axis 117, so that the adhesive layer 140 comes into contact with the tooth surface 62A. Furthermore, when the second tray 320 is detachably coupled to the first tray 310, the second tray 320 engages with the first tray 310, moving the orthodontic appliance 130A toward the first inner surface 312, so that the base surface 132 of the orthodontic appliance 130A is separated from the first inner surface 312 by a second gap G2 along the longitudinal axis 117. The second gap G2 is smaller than the first gap G1. In some embodiments, the second gap G2 is less than or equal to the thickness 140T of the adhesive layer 140 (shown in Figure 4A). In some other embodiments, the second gap G2 is substantially zero.

[0085] More specifically, when the second tray 320 is detachably coupled to the first tray 310, the second inner surface 322 of the second tray 320 engages with the orthodontic appliance 130A, moving the orthodontic appliance 130A along the longitudinal axis 117 toward the tooth surface 62A, so that the adhesive layer 140 comes into contact with the tooth surface 62A. In other words, when the second tray 320 is detachably coupled to the first tray 310, the second inner surface 322 of the second tray 320 engages with the orthodontic appliance 130A, moving the orthodontic appliance 130A along the longitudinal axis 117 toward the first inner surface 312, so that the adhesive layer 140 is at least coplanar with the first inner surface 312.

[0086] Figures 5A and 5B show an indirect bonding device 400 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. The indirect bonding device 400 is similar to the indirect bonding device 100 shown in Figures 2A and 2B. Common components between the indirect bonding devices 100 and 400 are indicated by the same reference numerals. However, the indirect bonding device 400 includes a first tray 410 and a second tray 420, which have different configurations from the first tray 110 and the second tray 120 shown in Figures 2A and 2B.

[0087] Referring to Figures 5A and 5B, the first tray 410 is configured to be detachably coupled to a tooth 60A having a tooth surface 62A. The first tray 410 includes a first inner surface 412 and a first outer surface 414 opposite to the first inner surface 412. The first tray 410 further includes a first portion 409 and a second portion 411. The first inner surface 412 conforms at least partially to the tooth surface 62A. Specifically, the first portion 409 conforms at least partially to the tooth surface 62A and is configured to be detachably coupled to the tooth 60A. In some embodiments, the first tray 410 may further include an occlusal stop member 190 (shown in Figure 2A). Specifically, the first portion 409 of the first tray 410 may include the occlusal stop member 190. The second portion 411 includes a cavity 116 that detachably receives an orthodontic appliance 130A inside, at least partially.

[0088] The first tray 410 further includes a living hinge 480 connecting a first portion 409 to a second portion 411. In some embodiments, the first tray 410 may incorporate strategic cuts and thinned sections to form the living hinge 480. In the embodiments illustrated in Figures 5A and 5B, the living hinge 480 is formed by incorporating a cut that partially extends from a first inner surface 412 to a first outer surface 414 of the first tray 410. In some embodiments, the living hinge 480 may be formed by a region having greater flexibility than the rest of the first tray 410. In some cases, the greater flexibility may be due to a different material from the rest of the first tray 410. In some cases, the greater flexibility may be due to a fragile region having different structural features (e.g., partial cuts, perforations, reduced thickness, etc.) from the rest of the first tray 410.

[0089] In some embodiments, the living hinge 480 defines a hinge axis 482. The hinge axis 482 may be defined as the axis around which the second portion 411 pivots relative to the first portion 409. Specifically, the second portion 411 of the first tray 410 is configured to pivot about the hinge axis 482 relative to the first portion 409. The second portion 411 is pivotable between a first position 411A (shown in Figure 5A) and a second position 411B (shown in Figure 5B). In the first position 411A, the second portion 411 is spaced away from the tooth surface 62A. Furthermore, in the second position 411B, the second portion 411 engages with the tooth surface 62A.

[0090] The second tray 420 includes a second inner surface 422 and a second outer surface 424 opposite to the second inner surface 422. The second tray 420 is configured to be detachably coupled to the first tray 410. Specifically, the second tray 420 is configured to engage with the first tray 410 and to pivot a second portion 411 about a hinge axis 482 toward the tooth surface 62A so that the adhesive layer 140 comes into contact with the tooth surface 62A. More specifically, the second tray 420 is configured to engage with the first tray 410 and to pivot a second portion 411 from a first position 411A to a second position 411B so that the adhesive layer 140 comes into contact with the tooth surface 62A.

[0091] Figure 5A shows the first tray 410 detachably coupled to the tooth 60A, and the second tray 420 detached from the first tray 410. Referring to Figure 5A, when the first tray 410 is detachably coupled to the tooth 60A with the second tray 420 detached from the first tray 410, the adhesive layer 140 is separated from the tooth surface 62A. Specifically, when the first tray 410 is detachably coupled to the tooth 60A with the second tray 420 detached from the first tray 410, the second portion 411 is in the first position 411A, which separates the adhesive layer 140 from the tooth surface 62A. In some embodiments, the first tray 410 may be configured to hold the second portion 411 in the first position 411A such that when the first tray 410 is detachably coupled to the tooth 60A, the adhesive layer 140 is separated from the tooth surface 62A.

[0092] Referring to Figure 5B, when the second tray 420 is detachably coupled to the first tray 410, the second tray 420 engages with the first tray 410, moving the orthodontic appliance 130A toward the tooth surface 62A, and the adhesive layer 140 comes into contact with the tooth surface 62A. Specifically, the second inner surface 412 of the second tray 420 engages with the first tray 410, moving the orthodontic appliance 130A toward the tooth surface 62A. More specifically, when the second tray 420 is detachably coupled to the first tray 410, the second portion 411 pivots around the hinge axis 482 to a second position 411B, and the adhesive layer 140 comes into contact with the tooth surface 62A.

[0093] In the embodiments illustrated in Figures 5A and 5B, at the first position 411A of the second portion 411, the base surface 132 of the orthodontic appliance 130A is coplanar with the first inner surface 412 of the first tray 410. This may allow the adhesive layer 140 to protrude at least partially from the cavity 116 at the first position 411A of the second portion 411. However, in some other embodiments, at the first position 411A of the second portion 411, the base surface 132 of the orthodontic appliance 130A may not be coplanar with the first inner surface 412 of the first tray 410. In such embodiments, the thickness 140T of the adhesive layer 140 may be greater than the distance between the first inner surface 412 and the base surface 132. Therefore, in some embodiments, at least a portion of the adhesive layer 140 may extend through the first inner surface 412 and contact the tooth surface 62A at the second position 411B of the second portion 411.

[0094] The indirect bonding device 400 can reduce the abrasion of the adhesive layer 140 onto the patient's tooth 60A. Specifically, the adhesive layer 140 may be positioned on the base surface 132 of the orthodontic appliance 130A so that the adhesive layer 140 does not rub against the tooth surface 62A when the first tray 110 is detachably bonded to the tooth 60A. Therefore, the indirect bonding device 400 can prevent the adhesive layer 140 from being wiped off the tooth surface 62A. Thus, the indirect bonding device 400 can eliminate the need for the dentist to estimate and optimize the thickness 140T (shown in Figure 1B) of the adhesive layer 140 for secure adhesion of the orthodontic appliance 130A to the tooth 60A. In addition, the indirect bonding device 400 can eliminate the need to remove excess adhesive (when the dentist uses more adhesive than necessary). This can reduce the patient's chair time.

[0095] The indirect bonding device 400 can allow the orthodontic appliance 130A to approach tooth 60A in a direction substantially perpendicular to the tooth surface 62A. Therefore, the indirect bonding device 400 can enable uniform spreading of the adhesive layer 140 on the application surface of tooth 60A and reduce friction of the adhesive layer 140 on the non-application surface of tooth 60A. Furthermore, the fact that the occlusal side of the base surface 132 contacts the application surface of tooth 60A before the gingival side of the base surface 132 contacts the application surface of tooth 60A can guide the adhesive layer 140 toward the gingival region of tooth surface 62A. If there is excess adhesive, the excess adhesive can be guided toward the gingival region of tooth surface 62A. Excess adhesive guided toward the gingival region of tooth surface 62A may be easier to remove by the dentist before the adhesive hardens.

[0096] Figures 7A and 7B show an indirect bonding device 600 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The indirect bonding device 600 is substantially similar to the indirect bonding device 100 shown in Figures 2A and 2B. Common components between the indirect bonding devices 100 and 500 are indicated by the same reference numerals. However, the indirect bonding device 500 includes a first tray 110 and a second tray 120, which have different configurations from the first tray 110 and second tray 120 shown in Figures 2A and 2B.

[0097] Referring to Figures 7A and 7B, the first tray 110 is configured to be detachably coupled to a tooth 60A having a tooth surface 62A. The first tray 110 includes a first inner surface 112 and a first outer surface 114 opposite to the first inner surface 112. The first inner surface 112 conforms at least partially to the tooth surface 62A. In some embodiments, the first tray 110 may further include an occlusal-side stop member 190 (shown in Figure 2A).

[0098] Furthermore, the second tray 120 is configured to be detachably coupled to the first tray 110. The second tray 120 includes a second inner surface 122 and a second outer surface 124 opposite to the second inner surface 122. The second tray 110 further includes a deformable tray projection 126 positioned on the first outer surface 122 and extending away from the first inner surface 124 along the longitudinal axis 117. The deformable tray projection 126 (i.e., button) has a generally convex, lens-like shape that represents a deviation from the toothed outline of the rest of the second tray 120. In other embodiments, the projection 126 may be trapezoidal, pyramidal, or other bulbous shape sufficient to result in a deviation from the outline of the second tray 120. The thickness of the tray within the projection 126 may be thinner than the surrounding area of ​​the second tray 120 to aid in deformation. In the same or other embodiments, the projection 126 may include one or more thickness gradients, where the region closer to the center is thinner than the region closer to the outer edge, or vice versa.

[0099] The outer edge dimensions of the button 126 roughly correspond to the profile size (i.e., mesial-distal width and occlusal gingival height) relative to the appliance 130A, so that consistent pressure can be applied to the facial surface of the appliance 130A by the inner surface 123 of the second tray 120. In the currently preferred implementation, the outer edge dimensions of the button are sufficiently larger than the profile dimensions relative to the appliance 130A so that coupling the second tray 120 to the first tray 110 does not inadvertently cause the appliance 130A to move toward the tooth surface 62A. In other implementations, the outer edge dimensions may be equal to or smaller than the profile dimensions of the appliance 130A.

[0100] Figure 7A shows the first tray 110 detachably coupled to the tooth 60A, and the second tray 120 detached from the first tray 210. Referring to Figure 7A, when the first tray 110 is detachably coupled to the tooth 60A with the second tray 120 detached from the first tray 110, the adhesive layer 140 is separated from the tooth surface 62A.

[0101] In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 7A, when the first tray 110 is detachably coupled to the tooth 60A with the second tray 120 removed from the first tray 210, the first gap G1 remains unchanged. Furthermore, the adhesive layer 140 positioned on the base surface 132 partially fills the first gap G1 before the second tray 120 is detachably coupled to the first tray 110, and the adhesive layer 140 is spaced apart from the tooth surface 62A. In other words, the first gap G1 is greater than the thickness 140T of the adhesive layer 140.

[0102] Figure 8A shows the first tray 110, with the second tray 120 detachably coupled to the first tray 110 and the button 126 detachably coupled to the tooth 60A with the button 126 positioned roughly oriented towards the face from the appliance 130A. Figures 7B and 8B show the deformation of the button 126 in the direction toward the appliance 130A. Referring to Figure 8A, when the second tray 120 is detachably coupled to the first tray 110, the second tray 120 engages with the first tray 210, but the orthodontic appliance is not moved toward the tooth surface 62A until the button 126 itself is pushed toward the tooth surface 62A. Instead, the inner surface 123 is held adjacent to the outer surface 114 and the appliance 130A, and in some embodiments a gap is created between the two surfaces 123 and 114. Referring to Figures 7B and 8B, when the button 126 is deformed by the patient or physician and the orthodontic appliance 130A is moved toward the first inner surface 212, the base surface 132 of the orthodontic appliance 130A is separated from the first inner surface 212 by a second gap G2 along the longitudinal axis 117. The second gap G2 is smaller than the first gap G1. In some embodiments, the second gap G2 is less than or equal to the thickness 140T (shown in Figure 3A) of the adhesive layer 140. In some other embodiments, the second gap G2 is substantially zero. In some embodiments, the second gap G2 may be negative.

[0103] More specifically, in the embodiments illustrated in Figures 7A-7B and 8A-8B, when the button 126 is deformed at least partially toward the first tray 110, the second inner surface 123 of the second tray 120 engages with the outer surface 114 of the first tray, at least partially deforming the outer surface 114 and moving the orthodontic appliance 130A toward the tooth surface 62A along the longitudinal axis 117 so that the adhesive layer 140 comes into contact with the tooth surface 62A. Furthermore, the second inner surface 123 of the second tray 120 engages with the outer surface 114, at least partially deforming the first tray 110 and moving the orthodontic appliance 130A toward the first inner surface 212 along the longitudinal axis 117 so that the adhesive layer 140 is at least coplanar with the first inner surface 112. The deformation may be brought about by the fingertips of the patient or physician, or through an orthodontic appliance having a surface sufficient to press down the button 126. This embodiment allows for further control over when the adhesive action occurs, and the adhesive action may include sequential bonding or confirmation of the intended bonding location.

[0104] Figure 6 shows Method 500 for multiple teeth 60. Each of the multiple teeth 60 includes a tooth surface 62. In some embodiments, Method 500 may be used to apply multiple orthodontic appliances 130 to multiple teeth 60 using any of the indirect bonding devices 100, 200, 300, and 400. In some other embodiments, Method 500 may be used to apply orthodontic appliances 130A to teeth 60A using any of the indirect bonding devices 100, 200, 300, and 400. Method 500 will be described with reference to Figures 1A to 5B and Figure 6. Method 500 includes the following steps.

[0105] In step 510, method 500 includes providing first trays 110, 210, 310, 410 including a plurality of cavities 116, 316 and a plurality of orthodontic appliances 130. As described above, each of the plurality of orthodontic appliances 130 is at least partially and removably received in the corresponding cavity 116, 316 of the plurality of cavities 116, 316. In some embodiments, the first trays 110, 210, 310, 410 further include a plurality of cavity projections 118 corresponding to the plurality of cavities 116, 316. In some embodiments, each cavity projection 118 extends into the corresponding cavity 116, 316. In some embodiments, each orthodontic appliance 130 is engaged by the corresponding cavity projection 118 of the plurality of cavity projections 118, holding the corresponding orthodontic appliance 130 in the corresponding cavity 116, 316. The adhesive layer 140 is provided on the base surface 132 of each orthodontic appliance 130.

[0106] As described above, the first trays 110, 210, 310, 410 include first inner surfaces 112, 212, 312, 412. In some embodiments, the first inner surfaces 112, 212, 312, 412 fit at least partially to the tooth surface 62 of each tooth 60. The first trays 110, 210, 310, 410 further include first outer surfaces 114, 214, 314, 414 opposite to the first inner surfaces 112, 212, 312, 412. In some embodiments, each of the multiple cavities 116, 316 extends at least partially along the longitudinal axis 117 from the first inner surfaces 112, 212, 312, 412 toward the first outer surfaces 114, 214, 314, 414.

[0107] In step 520, method 500 further includes detachably connecting the first trays 110, 210, 310, and 410 to a plurality of teeth 60, thereby separating the adhesive layer 140 provided on the base surface 132 of a corresponding orthodontic appliance 130 from the tooth surface 62 of the corresponding tooth 60.

[0108] In some embodiments, the base surface 132 of each orthodontic appliance 130 and the first inner surfaces 112, 212, 312 of the first trays 110, 210, 310 define a first gap G1 between them along the longitudinal axis 117. When the first trays 110, 210, 310 are detachably bonded to a plurality of teeth 60 with the second trays 120, 220, 320 removed from the first trays 110, 210, 310, the thickness 140T of the adhesive layer 140 is smaller than the first gap G1 so that the adhesive layer 140 is spaced apart from the tooth surface 62 of the corresponding teeth 60.

[0109] In step 530, method 500 further includes detachably coupling the second trays 120, 220, 320, 420 to the first trays 110, 210, 310, 410 and moving each orthodontic appliance 130 toward the tooth surface 62 of the corresponding tooth 60, thereby causing the adhesive layer 140 provided on the base surface 132 of the corresponding orthodontic appliance 130 to come into contact with the tooth surface 62 of the corresponding tooth 60. In some embodiments, as described above with respect to the indirect bonding device 600, the coupling of the second tray 120 alone does not move each orthodontic appliance 130 toward the tooth surface 63, but instead the patient or physician must deform the button 126 on the second tray to cause the intended movement of the appliance 130.

[0110] In some embodiments, the detachable coupling of the second trays 120, 220, 320, and 420 to the first trays 110, 210, 310, and 410 further includes the detachable coupling of the second trays 120, 220, 320, and 420 to the first trays 110, 210, 310, and 410 via interference fits.

[0111] In some embodiments, the detachable coupling of the second trays 120, 220, 320, 420 to the first trays 110, 210, 310, 410 further includes engaging the second inner surfaces 122, 222, 322, 422 of the second trays 120, 220, 320, 420 with at least one of the first trays 110, 210, 310, 410 and each orthodontic appliance 130, and moving each orthodontic appliance 130 toward the tooth surface 62 of the corresponding tooth 60, thereby causing the adhesive layer 140 to come into contact with the tooth surface 62.

[0112] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2A and 2B, the detachable coupling of the second tray 120 to the first tray 110 further includes engaging a projection 123 located on the second inner surface 122 of the second tray 120 with the first outer surface 114 of the first tray 110, thereby deforming the first tray 110 at least partially, which causes the orthodontic appliance 130A corresponding to the projection 123 to move toward the tooth surface 62A of the corresponding tooth 60A.

[0113] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 3A and 3B, the detachable coupling of the second tray 220 to the first tray 210 further includes engaging the second inner surface 222 of the second tray 220 with a tray projection 215 positioned on the first outer surface 214 of the first tray 210, thereby deforming the tray projection 215 at least partially, which causes the orthodontic appliance 130A corresponding to the tray projection 215 to move toward the tooth surface 62A of the corresponding tooth 60A.

[0114] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4A and 4B, each cavity 316 extends from a first inner surface 312 to a first outer surface 314 of the first tray 310, so that when the second tray 320 is removed from the first tray 310 and the orthodontic appliance 130A is received in the corresponding cavity 316, each orthodontic appliance 130A extends at least partially through the first outer surface 314 of the first tray 310. Furthermore, the detachable coupling of the second tray 320 to the first tray 310 further includes engaging the second inner surface 322 of the second tray 320 with each orthodontic appliance 130A, thereby moving each orthodontic appliance 130A toward the tooth surface 62A of the corresponding tooth 60A.

[0115] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 5A and 5B, the first tray 410 further includes a first portion 409 configured to fit at least partially to each tooth surface 62 of a plurality of teeth 60 and to be detachably coupled to each of the plurality of teeth 60. The first tray 410 further includes a second portion 411 which includes a plurality of cavities 116 that detachably receive at least partially inside a corresponding orthodontic appliance 130. The first tray 410 further includes a living hinge 480 connecting the first portion 409 to the second portion 411. The living hinge 480 defines a hinge axis 482. Removably coupling the first tray 410 to the plurality of teeth 60 further includes positioning the second portion 411 around the hinge axis 482 such that when the second tray 420 is removed from the first tray 410 and the first tray 410 is removablely coupled to the plurality of teeth 60, the second portion 411 is spaced apart from each tooth surface 62 of the plurality of teeth 60.

[0116] In some embodiments, detachably coupling the second tray 420 to the first tray 410 further includes engaging the second tray 420 with the first tray 410 and pivoting the second portion 411 around the hinge axis 482 toward each tooth surface 62 of the plurality of teeth 60, thereby causing the adhesive layer 140 to come into contact with the tooth surface 62 of the corresponding teeth 60.

[0117] In some embodiments, method 500 further includes hardening the adhesive layer 140 over a predetermined period of time (i.e., curing or at least partial solidification thereof). In some embodiments, the predetermined period may be at least about 5 seconds, at least about 10 seconds, at least about 20 seconds, at least about 30 seconds, at least about 40 seconds, at least about 50 seconds, or at least about 60 seconds.

[0118] In some embodiments, method 500 further includes removing the second trays 120, 220, 320, and 420 from the first trays 110, 210, 310, and 410. In some embodiments, method 500 further includes removing the first trays 110, 210, 310, and 410 from a plurality of teeth 60.

[0119] It will be understood that the configurations presented herein can be modified in any number of ways, while still remaining within the scope of disclosure herein.

[0120] Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers used in this specification and the claims to represent feature sizes, quantities, and physical properties should be understood as being modified by the term “approximately.” Therefore, unless specifically indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters described in the above specification and the appended claims are approximations that may vary depending on the desired properties that a person skilled in the art would seek to obtain using the teachings disclosed herein.

[0121] While specific embodiments are illustrated and described herein, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments may be replaced by various alternative and / or equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of this disclosure. This application is intended to encompass all adaptations or modifications of the specific embodiments discussed herein. Accordingly, this disclosure is intended to be limited only by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An indirect bonding device, A first tray configured to be detachably attached to a tooth having a tooth surface, A first inner surface that fits at least partially to the tooth surface, The first outer surface opposite to the first inner surface, and A cavity extending at least partially along the longitudinal axis from the first inner surface to the first outer surface, A first tray including, An orthodontic appliance, at least partially and detachably received within the cavity, Base surface, and An adhesive layer disposed on the base surface, configured to bond the orthodontic appliance to the teeth, Orthodontic appliances including, A second tray configured to be detachably coupled to the first tray, Equipped with, When the second tray is removed from the first tray and the first tray is detachably coupled to the tooth, the adhesive layer is separated from the tooth surface. An indirect bonding device wherein, when the second tray is detachably coupled to the first tray, the second tray engages with the first tray, moving the orthodontic appliance from a first position in the cavity to a second position in the cavity, the first position corresponding to a state in which the orthodontic appliance is in contact with the cavity wall along the longitudinal axis and the base surface of the orthodontic appliance is spaced apart from the tooth surface along the longitudinal axis, and the second position corresponding to a state in which the orthodontic appliance is spaced apart from the cavity wall along the longitudinal axis and the adhesive layer is in contact with the tooth surface and is at least coplanar with the first inner surface of the first tray.

2. When the orthodontic appliance is received in the cavity of the first tray with the second tray removed from the first tray, the base surface of the orthodontic appliance and the first inner surface of the first tray define a first gap between them along the longitudinal axis. When the second tray is removed from the first tray and the first tray is detachably coupled to the tooth, the adhesive layer positioned on the base surface partially fills the first gap, and the adhesive layer is separated from the tooth surface. The indirect bonding device according to claim 1.

3. A minimum gap is provided between the adhesive layer and the first inner surface of the first tray, The indirect bonding device according to claim 1, wherein when the second tray is removed from the first tray and the first tray is detachably coupled to the tooth, the minimum gap remains substantially unchanged.

4. The first tray comprises a first material having a first modulus of elasticity, The second tray comprises a second material having a second modulus of elasticity. The indirect bonding device according to claim 1, wherein the second modulus of elasticity is greater than the first modulus of elasticity.

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