Injection machine, ground reinforcement method, and program

Abstract

To provide an injector capable of executing an injection work easily and reliably while saving labor of the injection work in a preceding ground reinforcement, a ground reinforcement method and program.SOLUTION: An injector 1 comprises a first injection unit 2A for forcibly feeding a first ground improvement material (a water-stopping ground improvement material A), a second injection unit 2B for forcibly feeding a second ground improvement material (a general-purpose ground improvement material B) different from the first ground improvement material and a control unit 3 connected with the first injection unit and the second injection unit, having a control screen 6 for displaying injection information of each of the injection units collectively and controlling the injection of each of the injection units according to the injection condition of each of the ground improvement material.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an injector, a ground reinforcement method, and a program used for pre - ground reinforcement during tunnel excavation.

Background Art

[0002] When excavating a tunnel, so - called long - pipe fore - piling is known, in which long pipes are driven into the ground in front of the periphery of the tunnel, and a ground improvement material is injected from within these long pipes to improve the ground. For example, in the construction method shown in Patent Document 1, for example, a plurality of steel pipes of about 3 m are connected to form long pipes of about 10 to 20 m, and a plurality of these long pipes are driven into the outer periphery of the tunnel. After driving the long pipes, a ground improvement material is injected into each long pipe. The ground improvement material injected into the long pipe penetrates into the voids and cracks in the ground around the long pipe through a plurality of discharge holes provided on the outer periphery of the long pipe and固结 (solidifies) to reinforce the ground. As this ground improvement material, urethane - based ground improvement materials are widely used in terms of the improvement effect and workability.

[0003] In urethane - based ground improvement materials, a ground improvement material with a high water - stop effect and a generally used ground improvement material are used separately depending on the amount of water gushing. Conventionally, after driving the steel pipes, the amount of water gushing out from each steel pipe is measured using a bucket or the like. For example, when the amount of water gushing out from the steel pipe is 20 L / min or more, a ground improvement material with high water - stopping property is injected, and when it is less than 20 L / min, a general - purpose ground improvement material is injected. Therefore, it was necessary to prepare two injectors (i.e., two sets of independent injection units) for each ground improvement material.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] However, each injection unit of the two injection machines was connected to its own management screen and control unit, which meant that many workers were needed to operate each injection machine, making the injection work complicated. In addition, multiple workers were needed to measure the amount of groundwater flowing out of each installed steel pipe. Furthermore, after measuring the amount of groundwater flowing out of each installed steel pipe, the selection of ground improvement material to be injected through each steel pipe and the distribution to each injection machine were also done manually.

[0006] The present invention was made to solve the above problems, and aims to provide an injection machine, a ground reinforcement method, and a program that enable injection work to be performed simply and reliably while reducing the labor involved in the injection work during preliminary ground reinforcement work. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The present invention is as follows: 1. In an injection machine used in a construction method in which multiple long steel pipes are driven into the unexcavated ground of a tunnel, and ground improvement material is injected through the inside of the long steel pipes and into cracks in the surrounding ground by discharge holes provided on the outer circumference of the long steel pipes to reinforce the ground, A first injection unit for pumping the first ground improvement material, A second injection unit that pumps a second ground improvement material different from the first ground improvement material, An injection machine characterized by comprising: a first injection unit and a second injection unit connected to each other; a management screen that displays the injection information of each injection unit collectively; and a control unit that controls the injection of each injection unit according to the injection conditions of the mountain improvement material in each area. 2. The control unit is, An acquisition unit that acquires image data of spring water flowing out of the long steel pipe or spring water data obtained from the image data, A processing unit that calculates the amount of spring water from the acquired image data or spring water data, A selection unit that selects which of the aforementioned mountain improvement materials to inject into the long steel pipe based on the calculated amount of spring water, A display unit that displays on the management screen which of the various mountain improvement materials to be injected into each of the multiple long steel pipes, The injection machine according to 1. above, further comprising a control unit that controls the injection of each injection unit according to the injection conditions of the mountain improvement material in each area. 3. The injection machine according to 2. above, characterized in that the display unit displays on the management screen a diagram of the arrangement of a plurality of long steel pipes and a plurality of injection holes corresponding to them, so that it is possible to identify which of the respective mountain improvement materials is to be injected into each of the plurality of injection holes by color and / or pattern. 4. The process of driving multiple long steel pipes into the unexcavated ground of the tunnel, A step of acquiring image data of spring water flowing out of the long steel pipe or spring water data obtained from the image data, A step of calculating the amount of spring water from the acquired image data or spring water data, A step of selecting whether to inject a first ground improvement material or a second ground improvement material different from the first ground improvement material into the long steel pipe based on the calculated amount of spring water, A process of displaying on a management screen which of the various mountain improvement materials to be injected into each of the multiple long steel pipes, A ground reinforcement method characterized by comprising a step of controlling the injection of a first injection unit for pumping the first ground improvement material and a second injection unit for pumping the second ground improvement material according to the injection conditions of each ground improvement material. 5. The computer that controls the injector, A process for acquiring image data of groundwater flowing out from long steel pipes driven into the unexcavated ground of a tunnel, or groundwater data obtained from said image data, A process for calculating the amount of spring water from the acquired image data or spring water data, The process involves selecting whether to inject a first ground improvement material or a second ground improvement material different from the first ground improvement material into the long steel pipe based on the calculated amount of spring water, A process to display on a management screen which of the aforementioned mountain improvement materials to be injected into multiple long steel pipes, A program characterized by causing execution of a process of injecting and controlling a first injection unit that pumps the first ground improvement material and a second injection unit that pumps the second ground improvement material according to the injection conditions of each ground improvement material.

Advantages of the Invention

[0008] According to the present invention, during the prior ground reinforcement work, it is possible to perform the injection work simply and reliably while achieving labor saving in the injection work.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0009] The present invention will be further described in the following detailed description by way of non-limiting examples of typical embodiments according to the present invention, with reference to the plurality of drawings mentioned, where like reference numerals denote like members throughout several views of the drawings. [Figure 1] It is an overall schematic diagram of an injector according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] It is a block part of the above injector. [Figure 3] It is a flowchart diagram of a ground reinforcement method according to an embodiment. [Figure 4] It is an explanatory diagram for explaining the above ground reinforcement method (steel pipe driving). [Figure 5] It is an explanatory diagram for explaining the above ground reinforcement method (water gushing photography). [Figure 6] It is an explanatory diagram for explaining the above ground reinforcement method (water gushing photography), where (a) shows image data and (b) shows water gushing data. [Figure 7] It is an explanatory diagram for explaining the above ground reinforcement method (water gushing amount calculation). [Figure 8] It is an explanatory diagram for explaining the above ground reinforcement method (injection hole display). [Figure 9] It is an explanatory diagram for explaining a control unit according to another form.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0010] The matters shown here are illustrative and for exemplarily explaining the embodiments of the present invention, and are described for the purpose of providing an explanation that is considered to be most effective and easy to understand for the principles and conceptual features of the present invention. In this regard, it is not intended to show the structural details of the present invention more than necessary for a fundamental understanding of the present invention, and it is to clarify to those skilled in the art how some forms of the present invention are actually embodied by the description combined with the drawings.

[0011] Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. The injection machine 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, is used in a construction method in which a plurality of long steel pipes 23 are driven into the unexcavated ground 22 of the tunnel 20, and the ground improvement material is infiltrated into the cracks of the surrounding ground 22 through the inner space of the long steel pipes 23 from the discharge holes provided on the outer periphery of the long steel pipes 23 to reinforce the ground.

[0012] As shown in FIG. 1, the injection machine 1 includes an injection unit 2A (exemplified as the "first ground improvement material injection unit" according to the present invention) for pumping a highly water-stopping ground improvement material A (exemplified as the "first ground improvement material" according to the present invention), an injection unit 2B (exemplified as the "second ground improvement material injection unit" according to the present invention) for pumping a general-purpose (i.e., less water-stopping than the ground improvement material A) ground improvement material B (exemplified as the "second ground improvement material" according to the present invention), and a control unit 3 to which the injection units 2A and 2B are electrically connected.

[0013] Each of the ground improvement materials A and B is a urethane-based foaming resin such as silica resin, and is foamed by mixing two kinds of liquids. Each of the injection units 2A and 2B is a pump unit having an injection pump 4. A plurality of pairs (for example, 3 pairs) of injection pumps 4 are provided so as to pump and mix two kinds of liquids for each of a plurality of regions (for example, 3 regions) set along the longitudinal direction of the long steel pipe 23.

[0014] The control unit 3 independently controls the injection of injection units 2A and 2B according to the injection conditions (e.g., injection volume and injection pressure) of the ground improvement materials A and B. The control unit 3 is equipped with a management screen 6 that displays the injection information (e.g., injection volume and injection pressure during injection) of each injection unit 2A and 2B in one place. The injection volume during injection can be obtained, for example, from the injection volume (injection rate) set in the control panels 7A and 7B. The injection pressure during injection can be obtained, for example, from a pump or a pressure sensor installed on the injection tube (injection material).

[0015] The control unit 3 is equipped with control panels (operation panels) 7A and 7B for starting, stopping, and adjusting the flow rate of each injection unit 2A and 2B. Two sets of these control panels 7A and 7B are provided so that injection units 2A and 2B can be operated independently. Furthermore, the control unit 3 is equipped with an input unit 8, such as a touch panel. This input unit 8 is a screen for inputting information such as the number of the injection hole 25 corresponding to the steel pipe 23, the driving angle of the steel pipe 23, and groundwater data (specifically, the distance L from the top of the steel pipe 23 to the water surface, etc.), and the corresponding values ​​can be entered. Note that the driving angle of the steel pipe 23 is entered as a value set prior to the steel pipe driving, but if there is a change during the steel pipe driving, the value measured after the steel pipe driving is entered.

[0016] As shown in Figure 2, the control unit 3 includes a control device 10 having an acquisition unit 11, a processing unit 12, a selection unit 13, a display unit 14, and a control unit 15. The control processing by this control device 10 may be implemented by either hardware or software, and preferably the control device 10 can be configured around a microcontroller (microcomputer) equipped with a CPU, a storage device (ROM, RAM, etc.), input / output circuits, etc., and peripheral circuits such as input / output interfaces.

[0017] The acquisition unit 11 acquires the injection hole number 25, the installation angle of the steel pipe 23, and the distance L from the top of the steel pipe 23 to the water surface (groundwater data) input to the input unit 8 (see step S6 in Figure 3).

[0018] The processing unit 12 calculates the amount of groundwater seeping in from the distance L from the top of the steel pipe 23 to the water surface (see step S7 in Figure 3). This processing unit 12 calculates the amount of groundwater seeping in per unit time based on the driving angle of the steel pipe 23 and the distance L from the top of the steel pipe to the water surface, which are input for each injection hole 25. Specifically, the average flow velocity V is determined using Manning's formula below, and the amount of groundwater seeping in per unit time is calculated by multiplying the average flow velocity V by the flow area A. More specifically, as shown in Figure 7, the water surface height h is calculated by measuring the distance L from the top of the steel pipe 23 to the water surface of the groundwater W, which leads to the deriving of areas S2 and S3, and from there the area S1 (flow area A) and hydraulic radius R are derived, and the average flow velocity V is calculated using Manning's formula below. Furthermore, the flow rate per unit time is calculated by multiplying the average flow velocity V by the area S1 (flow area A).

[0019]

number

[0020] The selection unit 13 selects which of the ground improvement materials A or B to inject into the injection holes 25 (i.e., the long steel pipes 23) based on the calculated amount of groundwater (see steps S8 to S10 in Figure 3). The selection unit 13 selects to inject ground improvement material A if the calculated amount of groundwater is equal to or greater than a preset threshold (for example, 20 L / min), and selects to inject ground improvement material B if the calculated amount of groundwater is less than the threshold. The threshold can be a value selected from, for example, 20 to 30 L / min.

[0021] As shown in Figure 8, the display unit 14 displays on the management screen 6 which of the ground improvement materials A and B should be injected into each of the multiple injection holes 25 (i.e., long steel pipes 23) (see step S11 in Figure 3). Specifically, the display unit 14 displays a correlation table 29 between the numbers of the multiple injection holes 25 corresponding to the multiple long steel pipes 23 and the ground improvement materials A and B in each location. Furthermore, the display unit 14 displays a layout diagram 30 of the multiple injection holes 25 on the management screen 6, allowing the user to identify which of the ground improvement materials A and B should be injected into each injection hole 25 by color and / or pattern. This layout diagram 30 displays the injection holes 25 as steel pipes 23 driven into the outer periphery of a semicircular shape that mimics the cross-section of the tunnel 20. Furthermore, the display unit 14 displays the type of ground improvement material A and B and the set injection amount for each injection hole 25.

[0022] Furthermore, any color can be used for the color identification of the injection holes 25, as long as it allows for identification of both. Additionally, for identification of the injection holes 25 by pattern, differences in shape or size, or different designs, characters, or symbols can be used.

[0023] The control unit 15 independently controls the injection of each of the injection units 2A and 2B according to the injection conditions (e.g., injection amount, injection pressure, etc.) of the mountain improvement material A and B in each location (see step S12 in Figure 3). The control unit 15 controls the injection of each injection unit 2A and 2B based on the injection amount and other settings set in the control panels 7A and 7B.

[0024] Next, we will explain a ground reinforcement method using the injection machine 1 with the above configuration. First, as shown in Figure 4, multiple long steel pipes 23 are driven into the unexcavated ground 22 in front of the outer perimeter of the tunnel 20 (Step S1 in Figure 3). Next, as shown in Figure 5, the cross section of the end of the steel pipe 23 is photographed using the built-in camera of a mobile terminal 27 such as a smartphone or tablet equipped with an existing application that can measure distance (Step S2). At this time, image data 17 is obtained in which the upper end of the cross section of the steel pipe 23 and the surface of the groundwater W are photographed (Step S3), and the distance L from the upper end of the steel pipe 23 to the water surface (groundwater data) is measured from the image data 17 (Step S4).

[0025] Furthermore, the imaging of the spring water W in the steel pipes 23 using the mobile terminal 27 may be performed sequentially for multiple steel pipes 23, or simultaneously for multiple steel pipes 23. In addition, imaging may not be performed for steel pipes 23 with extremely little (or no) spring water W, or for steel pipes 23 with extremely large amounts of spring water W, and the types of mountain improvement materials A and B for each steel pipe 23 may be input to the input unit 8.

[0026] Next, the number of the injection hole 25 corresponding to the steel pipe 23, the driving angle of the steel pipe 23, and the distance L are input to the input unit 8 (step S5). Based on this input, the acquisition unit 11 acquires the number of the injection hole 25, the driving angle of the steel pipe 23, and the distance L (step S6). Subsequently, the processing unit 12 calculates the amount of groundwater seeping per unit time based on the driving angle and distance L of the steel pipe 23 input for each injection hole 25 (step S7).

[0027] Next, the selection unit 13 determines whether the calculated amount of groundwater is above a threshold (step S8). If the amount of groundwater is above the threshold, it selects to inject ground improvement material A (step S9). If the amount of groundwater is below the threshold, it selects to inject ground improvement material B (step S10). Then, the display unit 14 displays the ground improvement materials A and B selected by the selection unit 13 in each injection hole 25 using different colors or patterns (step S11).

[0028] Subsequently, injection materials for injection unit 2A are connected to the long steel pipe 23 corresponding to the injection hole 25 in which ground improvement material A has been selected, and injection materials for injection unit 2B are connected to the long steel pipe 23 corresponding to the injection hole 25 in which ground improvement material B has been selected, and ground improvement materials A and B are injected in each location (step S12). In this case, the control unit 3 is equipped with a control unit 15 and control panels 7A and 7B that separately control the injection of both injection unit 2A and injection unit 2B, and a management screen 6 is installed that displays the injection amount and injection pressure of both ground improvement material A and ground improvement material B, so that two types of ground improvement materials A and B can be injected with a single control unit 3.

[0029] As described above, the injection machine 1 of this embodiment is equipped with a control unit 3 that connects injection units 2A and 2B for injecting two different types of ground improvement materials A and B, and allows for simultaneous injection using a single management screen 6. As a result, the work of injecting two types of ground improvement materials A and B, which previously required two injection machines (i.e., two sets of independent injection units) as in the past, can now be performed with a single injection machine 1 (i.e., two sets of injection units 2A and 2B connected to a single control unit 3), making it possible to perform the injection work with fewer workers.

[0030] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the control unit 3 includes an acquisition unit 11 that acquires spring water data L obtained from image data 17 of spring water W flowing out from a plurality of long steel pipes 23 that have been driven in; a processing unit 12 that calculates the amount of spring water from the acquired spring water data L; a selection unit 13 that selects which of two different types of ground improvement materials A and B to inject according to the calculated amount of spring water; a display unit 14 that displays the two different types of ground improvement materials A and B selected for each injection hole 25 displayed on the management screen 6 in an identifiable manner; and a control unit 15 that controls the injection according to the injection conditions of the selected ground improvement materials A and B. As a result, the work of manually measuring the flow rate of spring water W flowing out from the long steel pipes 23 that have been driven in using buckets or the like is eliminated, and the work of selecting the ground improvement materials A and B to be injected after measuring the amount of spring water and manually distributing them to each injection unit 2A and 2B is also eliminated. Therefore, when carrying out preliminary ground reinforcement work, it becomes possible to reduce the labor involved in injection work and to easily and reliably select and inject ground improvement materials A and B in ground with ground seepage, thereby improving work efficiency and shortening working time.

[0031] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the selected ground improvement materials A and B for each injection hole 25 are displayed in a identifiable way by color and / or pattern along the semicircular section that mimics the cross-section of the tunnel 20 displayed on the management screen 6. This makes it possible to intuitively identify the type of ground improvement material A and B to be injected into each long steel pipe 23.

[0032] Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention depending on the purpose and application. That is, in the above embodiment, an arrangement diagram 30 was provided in which the types of mountain improvement materials A and B in each injection hole 25 along the semicircular section that mimics the cross-section of the tunnel 20 are displayed in an identifiable manner. However, the invention is not limited to this, and for example, as shown in Figure 9, the arrangement diagram 30 may be provided in which the types of mountain improvement materials A and B in each injection hole 25 are displayed in an identifiable manner in one direction (specifically, the horizontal direction). In this arrangement diagram 30, elongated injection holes 25 that mimic the elongated steel pipe 23 may be displayed, or injection holes 25 with a different shape from the elongated steel pipe 23 may be displayed.

[0033] Furthermore, although the above embodiment illustrates a control unit 3 that acquires spring water data L by input to the input unit 8, it is not limited to this, and for example, the control unit 3 may acquire spring water data L and image data 17 transmitted wirelessly or via wired connection from a mobile terminal 27 without going through the input unit 8. In this case, the acquired data L and 27 may include information indicating the injection hole 25 (long steel pipe 23). Moreover, when the control unit 3 acquires image data 17, the control unit 3 can create (measure) spring water data L from the image data 17.

[0034] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the distance L from the upper end of the steel pipe 23 to the water surface was used as an example of spring water data, but the invention is not limited to this. Any method that can calculate the amount of spring water using Manning's formula or the like is acceptable. It may also be the water surface height h of the spring water, or the ratio of the distance L from the upper end of the steel pipe 23 to the water surface to the water surface height h of the spring water.

[0035] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the program that causes the control device 10 to execute each process may be stored (installed) in the control device 10 in advance, or it may be stored on a storage medium such as a CD-ROM or USB memory and provided, or it may be downloaded from an external device via a network.

[0036] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments detailed above, and various modifications or changes are possible within the scope of the claims of the present invention. [Industrial applicability]

[0037] This invention is widely used as a technology for injecting ground improvement materials into the ground during tunnel excavation. [Explanation of symbols]

[0038] 1; Injector, 2A, 2B; Injection unit, 3; Control unit, 6; Management screen, 11; Acquisition unit, 12; Processing unit, 13; Selection unit, 14; Display unit, 15; Control unit, 17; Image data, 22; Ground, 23; Long steel pipe, 25; Injection hole, 30; Layout diagram, A; Ground improvement material for water stoppage, B; General-purpose ground improvement material, L; Distance from the top of the steel pipe to the water surface (groundwater data).

Claims

1. In an injection machine used in a construction method in which multiple long steel pipes are driven into the unexcavated ground of a tunnel, and ground improvement material is injected through the inside of the long steel pipes and into cracks in the surrounding ground by discharge holes provided on the outer circumference of the long steel pipes to reinforce the ground, A first injection unit for pumping the first ground improvement material, A second injection unit that pumps a second ground improvement material different from the first ground improvement material, The system comprises a control unit that connects the first injection unit and the second injection unit, has a management screen that displays the injection information of each injection unit collectively, and controls the injection of each injection unit according to the injection conditions of the mountain improvement material in each area, The control unit is An acquisition unit that acquires image data of spring water flowing out of the long steel pipe or spring water data obtained from the image data, A processing unit that calculates the amount of spring water from the acquired image data or spring water data, A selection unit that selects which of the aforementioned mountain improvement materials to inject into the long steel pipe based on the calculated amount of spring water, A display unit that displays on the management screen which of the various mountain improvement materials to be injected into each of the multiple long steel pipes, An injection machine characterized by having a control unit that controls the injection of each injection unit according to the injection conditions of the mountain improvement material in each area.

2. The injection machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the display unit displays on the management screen a diagram of the arrangement of a plurality of long steel pipes and a plurality of injection holes corresponding to them, so that it is possible to identify which of the respective mountain improvement materials is injected into each of the plurality of injection holes by color and / or pattern.

3. The process involves driving multiple long steel pipes into the unexcavated ground of the tunnel, A step of acquiring image data of spring water flowing out of the long steel pipe or spring water data obtained from the image data, A step of calculating the amount of spring water from the acquired image data or spring water data, A step of selecting whether to inject a first ground improvement material or a second ground improvement material different from the first ground improvement material into the long steel pipe based on the calculated amount of spring water, A process of displaying on a management screen which of the various mountain improvement materials to be injected into each of the multiple long steel pipes, A ground reinforcement method characterized by comprising a step of controlling the injection of a first injection unit for pumping the first ground improvement material and a second injection unit for pumping the second ground improvement material according to the injection conditions of each ground improvement material.

4. The computer that controls the injector, A process for acquiring image data of groundwater flowing out from long steel pipes driven into the unexcavated ground of a tunnel, or groundwater data obtained from said image data, A process for calculating the amount of spring water from the acquired image data or spring water data, The process involves selecting whether to inject a first ground improvement material or a second ground improvement material different from the first ground improvement material into the long steel pipe based on the calculated amount of spring water, A process to display on a management screen which of the aforementioned mountain improvement materials to be injected into multiple long steel pipes, A program characterized by causing a first injection unit that pumps the first ground improvement material and a second injection unit that pumps the second ground improvement material to perform injection control according to the injection conditions of each ground improvement material.

Images