Intergrated solar-autonomous environmental monitoring system and method for grains silos

Abstract

An integrated, solar-autonomous environmental monitoring system [106] and method for real-time tracking of grain storage conditions, inventory volume, and biological degradation risks within a grain silo. The device consolidates a co-sampled, six-parameter sensing array within a single ruggedized enclosure [106], comprising an NDIR Carbaondioxide sensor [110], an electrochemical Oxygen sensor [111], a multi-drop 1-Wire vertical temperature probe string [114], a digital relative humidity sensor [112], a capacitive analog grain moisture sensor [116], and an apex-mounted ultrasonic distance sensor [118]. Operating on a low-power duty cycle managed by an ESP32-S3 microcontroller unit [800], the system is powered by an MPPT solar charge controller [400] and battery arrangement [104]. Synchronized telemetry is transmitted via an EG915NEAAC cellular module [700] using an MQTT protocol to a cloud broker [124] for predictive risk analytics, automated decision support, and alert generation. An onboard wireless transceiver [120] executes a captive portal interface for toolless field provisioning.