Adaptive Atmospheric Correction System for Level Surveying

Abstract

The adaptive atmospheric correction level surveying system according to the present invention may include a level so that a sighting axis can be horizontally installed at a reference point, a leveling rod with a scale marked along the length direction and installed vertically at a height measurement point, a first sensor unit that measures the atmospheric condition of the reference point and generates first atmospheric information, a second sensor unit that measures the atmospheric condition of the height measurement point and generates second atmospheric information, a refractive index calculation unit that calculates the atmospheric refractive index between the level and the leveling rod based on the first atmospheric information and the second atmospheric information, and a data correction unit that receives the observed scale value of the leveling rod measured by the level and corrects it based on the atmospheric refractive index to derive a final scale value.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a leveling system, and more specifically, to an adaptive atmospheric correction leveling system that improves the accuracy of surveying by correcting changes in atmospheric refractive index in real time. Background Technology

[0002] Leveling is a surveying method that determines the height of a measurement point from a reference plane. It involves calculating the elevation difference by observing the scale markings on a leveling rod while maintaining the sighting line of the level instrument horizontal. Such leveling is a fundamental surveying task that is essential in various fields, including construction sites, topographic surveying, and ground subsidence observation.

[0003] During leveling, the refractive index of the air changes depending on variations in atmospheric temperature, pressure, and humidity, which affects the path of the sighting line of the leveler. In particular, as the distance between the leveler and the leveling rod increases, the error caused by atmospheric refraction increases rapidly. Furthermore, since atmospheric conditions continuously change depending on the altitude of the measurement point, time, and season, these changes have a significant impact on the accuracy of the survey results.

[0004] In conventional leveling surveys, measurements have been performed without considering the effects of atmospheric refraction. In other words, surveys have been conducted under the assumption that the sighting line of the leveler travels in a straight line, resulting in discrepancies between actual and theoretical values. These errors have significantly reduced the reliability of survey results, particularly in cases requiring long-distance or precision surveying.

[0005] In addition, atmospheric conditions may differ between the point where a level is installed and the point where a leveling rod is installed, but conventionally, surveying has been performed without considering these differences in atmospheric conditions. In particular, as the distance between the level and the leveling rod increases, or as the difference in elevation increases, these differences in atmospheric conditions become even greater, and this has been a factor that exacerbates surveying errors.

[0006] Consequently, conventional leveling methods could not compensate for the effects of atmospheric refraction, making it difficult to obtain precise survey results; this acts as a significant limitation in the modern surveying environment where high-precision surveying is required.

[0007] Therefore, a method to resolve these problems is required. Prior art literature

[0008] Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1349215 The problem to be solved

[0009] The present invention is devised to solve the problems of the aforementioned prior art and aims to improve the accuracy of leveling by measuring the atmospheric conditions between a level and a leveling rod in real time, calculating the atmospheric refractive index, and automatically correcting the observed value based on this.

[0010] The problems of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned problems will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below. means of solving the problem

[0011] The adaptive atmospheric correction level surveying system of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned purpose may include a level so that a sighting axis can be horizontally installed at a reference point, a leveling rod with a scale marked along the length direction and installed vertically at a height measurement point, a first sensor unit that measures the atmospheric condition of the reference point and generates first atmospheric information, a second sensor unit that measures the atmospheric condition of the height measurement point and generates second atmospheric information, a refractive index calculation unit that calculates the atmospheric refractive index between the level and the leveling rod based on the first atmospheric information and the second atmospheric information, and a data correction unit that receives the observed scale value of the leveling rod measured by the level and corrects it based on the atmospheric refractive index to derive a final scale value.

[0012] And the first sensor unit is installed at a position adjacent to the objective lens of the level, and the second sensor unit is installed to be movable up and down along the leveling rod, so as to be formed to measure the atmospheric conditions on the optical path.

[0013] In addition, the first sensor unit and the second sensor unit may include a temperature sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, and a humidity sensor.

[0014] At this time, a distance measuring unit for measuring the straight distance between the level and the leveling rod may be further included.

[0015] In addition, it may further include a horizontal sensing unit that detects the horizontal state of the sighting axis of the level and a vertical sensing unit that detects the vertical state of the leveling rod.

[0016] In addition, it may further include an elevation calculation unit that calculates the height difference between different pairs of leveling rods by calculating the difference in the final scale values ​​of each of the different pairs of leveling rods installed at different height measurement points. Effects of the invention

[0017] The adaptive atmospheric correction leveling system of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem has the advantage of being able to improve the precision of the survey by accurately reflecting atmospheric refraction phenomena occurring on the optical path by measuring the atmospheric conditions of a reference point where a level is installed and a height measurement point where a level is installed, respectively, and calculating the atmospheric refractive index.

[0018] In addition, the present invention can increase the efficiency of surveying operations by calculating correction values ​​in real time according to changes in atmospheric conditions and automatically reflecting them in the survey values, thereby eliminating the need for manual calculation or correction work by the operator.

[0019] In addition, since the correction of the observed scale value is automated in this invention, operator error or mistake can be prevented, thereby significantly improving the reliability of the survey results.

[0020] Furthermore, the present invention automatically corrects changes in refractive index due to changes in atmospheric conditions, thereby maintaining high accuracy even in tasks requiring long-distance or precision surveying.

[0021] The effects of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description in the claims. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0022] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of an adaptive atmospheric correction level surveying system according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an additional configuration of an adaptive atmospheric correction level surveying system according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the entire process of an adaptive atmospheric correction leveling method performed through an adaptive atmospheric correction leveling system according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the detailed process of step (c) in an adaptive atmospheric correction leveling method performed through an adaptive atmospheric correction leveling system according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the detailed process of step (d) in an adaptive atmospheric correction leveling method performed through an adaptive atmospheric correction leveling system according to one embodiment of the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0023] In this specification, where a component (or region, layer, part, etc.) is described as being "on," "connected," or "combined" with another component, it means that it may be directly placed / connected / combined with the other component, or that a third component may be placed between them.

[0024] Identical reference numerals denote identical components. Additionally, in the drawings, the thicknesses, proportions, and dimensions of the components are exaggerated for the effective illustration of the technical content.

[0025] "And / or" includes all one or more combinations that the associated configurations can define.

[0026] Terms such as "first," "second," etc., may be used to describe various components, but said components should not be limited by said terms. These terms are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be named the second component, and similarly, the second component may be named the first component. A singular expression includes a plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0027] Additionally, terms such as "below," "lower side," "above," and "upper side" are used to describe the relationships between the components depicted in the drawings. These terms are relative concepts and are described based on the directions indicated in the drawings.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Additionally, terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and are explicitly defined herein unless interpreted in an ideal or overly formal sense.

[0029] Terms such as "include" or "have" are intended to indicate the existence of the features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and should be understood as not precluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0030] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0031] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of an adaptive atmospheric correction level surveying system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] As illustrated in FIG. 1, the adaptive atmospheric correction level surveying system in this embodiment may include a level (10), a leveling rod (20), a first sensor unit (100), a second sensor unit (200), a refractive index calculation unit (300), and a data correction unit (400).

[0033] The level (10) can be equipped with a sighting axis that can be installed horizontally at a reference point.

[0034] The level (10) of the present embodiment may include a level tube and a compensation device so as to maintain the collimation axis parallel to the horizontal plane, and the collimation axis of the level (10) may be implemented as the optical axis of an optical telescope or the center axis of a digital sensor.

[0035] In addition, the level (10) may be equipped with a reticle having a crosshair formed thereon, and the horizontal line of the crosshair may be adjusted to coincide with the sighting axis. In this embodiment, the level (10) may be implemented as a leveling instrument of various forms, such as an automatic level, a digital level, or an electronic level, but is not limited to such forms.

[0036] The leveling rod (20) has markings along the length direction and can be installed vertically at the height measurement point.

[0037] At this time, the scale of the level (20) can be formed in various shapes depending on the type of level (10). In the case of a level for an optical level, actual scales in millimeter units may be displayed, and in the case of a level for a digital level, a scale pattern in the form of a barcode may be formed.

[0038] Additionally, the scale surface of the leveling rod (20) may be matte to minimize light reflection, and the scale may be formed with high contrast to improve readability. In this embodiment, the leveling rod (20) may be implemented in various forms such as an Invar staff, an aluminum staff, or a barcode staff, but is not limited to such forms.

[0039] The first sensor unit (100) can generate first atmospheric information by measuring the atmospheric conditions of a reference point. The first sensor unit (100) may include a plurality of sensors and can measure atmospheric temperature, pressure, humidity, etc.

[0040] Temperature can be measured in Celsius or absolute temperature units, and atmospheric pressure can be measured in Pascal or millibars. Humidity can be measured in relative humidity or absolute humidity. The first sensor unit (100) can convert the measured values ​​into digital signals and output them as first atmospheric information.

[0041] The second sensor unit (200) can generate second waiting information by measuring the waiting state of the height measurement point. The second sensor unit (200) may include sensors of the same type as the first sensor unit (100).

[0042] The atmospheric conditions measured by the second sensor unit (200) may differ from the atmospheric conditions measured by the first sensor unit (100), and such differences may occur depending on the difference in altitude between the two points, terrain conditions, time of day, etc. The second atmospheric information generated by the second sensor unit (200) may be output as a digital signal of the same format as the first atmospheric information.

[0043] The refractive index calculation unit (300) can calculate the atmospheric refractive index between the level (10) and the leveling rod (20) based on the first atmospheric information and the second atmospheric information. The atmospheric refractive index is a dimensionless value representing the degree of refraction that occurs when light passes through the atmospheric layer, and can vary depending on the temperature, pressure, humidity, etc. of the atmosphere.

[0044] At this time, the refractive index calculation unit (300) can calculate the first refractive index from the first atmospheric information and the second refractive index from the second atmospheric information, respectively, and can derive the atmospheric refractive index between the level (10) and the leveling rod (20) through the arithmetic mean of these.

[0045] In the process of calculating the refractive index, a relationship that is inversely proportional to temperature and humidity and directly proportional to atmospheric pressure may be used. Further details regarding this will be discussed later.

[0046] The data correction unit (400) receives the observed scale value of the leveling rod (20) measured by the level (10) and can derive a final scale value by correcting it based on the atmospheric refractive index. The observed scale value is a value read at the intersection of the sighting line of the level (10) and the leveling rod (20), and a difference from the actual height may occur due to the influence of atmospheric refraction.

[0047] The data correction unit (400) can calculate a correction factor by considering the calculated atmospheric refractive index and the distance between the level (10) and the leveling rod (20), and can derive a final scale value with the refractive error corrected by applying this to the observed scale value. More details regarding this will also be described later.

[0048] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the first sensor unit (100) may be installed at a position adjacent to the objective lens of the level (10).

[0049] The objective lens is the first point where the collimating light enters the level (10), and the atmospheric conditions at this location can affect the initial refraction of the collimating light. By installing the first sensor unit (100) at a location adjacent to the objective lens, the atmospheric conditions at the first point through which the collimating light passes can be accurately measured.

[0050] The second sensor unit (200) can be installed to be movable up and down along the leveling rod (20) and formed to measure the atmospheric conditions on the light path.

[0051] The vertical movement of the second sensor unit (200) can be implemented manually or automatically through a separate jig or a detachable mechanism, and the standby state can be measured at an accurate position in alignment with the height of the sighting axis of the level (10). Alternatively, the second sensor unit (200) may move along a guide rail formed along the longitudinal direction of the leveling rod (20) and may include a locking device for fixing the position.

[0052] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an additional configuration of an adaptive atmospheric correction level surveying system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] As illustrated in FIG. 2, in this embodiment, the first sensor unit (100) and the second sensor unit (200) may include a temperature sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, and a humidity sensor.

[0054] For example, the temperature sensor can be implemented as a thermistor, thermocouple, platinum resistor, etc., and can measure a temperature range from -40℃ to +60℃.

[0055] The pressure sensor can be implemented as a piezoelectric element, a capacitive sensor, etc., and can measure a pressure range from 850 hPa to 1050 hPa.

[0056] The humidity sensor can be implemented as a capacitive or resistive sensor, and can measure relative humidity from 0%RH to 100%RH.

[0057] However, the implementation method or measurement range of each sensor is not limited to this form only.

[0058] The distance measuring unit (500) can measure the straight distance between the level (10) and the leveling rod (20). For example, the distance measuring unit (500) can be implemented as various types of distance measuring devices, such as an optical distance meter, a phase difference measuring method, or a pulse method.

[0059] The distance information measured by the distance measuring unit (500) can be transmitted to the data correction unit (400) and used to calculate a correction coefficient. The distance measuring unit (500) may be integrated into the level (10) or mounted as a separate module, but is not limited to such forms.

[0060] The horizontal sensing unit (600) can detect the horizontal state of the sighting axis of the level (10). For example, the horizontal sensing unit (600) can be implemented as an electronic tilt sensor, an optical level tube, a MEMS-based angle sensor, etc.

[0061] The horizontal detection unit (600) monitors the horizontal state of the sighting axis in real time and can output a warning signal if the horizontal state is not maintained. The detection result of the horizontal detection unit (600) is linked with an automatic correction device to automatically maintain the horizontal state of the sighting axis.

[0062] The vertical sensing unit (700) can detect the vertical state of the leveling rod (20). For example, the vertical sensing unit (700) can be implemented as a cylindrical bubble tube attached to the leveling rod (20), an electronic inclinometer, etc.

[0063] The vertical detection unit (700) continuously detects the vertical state of the leveling rod (20) and can output a warning signal if it deviates from the vertical. For precise adjustment of the vertical state, the vertical detection unit (700) can be linked with a fine adjustment screw.

[0064] The elevation calculation unit (800) can calculate the difference in height between different pairs of leveling rods (20) by calculating the difference in the final scale values ​​of each of the different pairs of leveling rods (20) installed at different height measurement points.

[0065] The elevation calculation unit (800) can automatically calculate the elevation difference by receiving the final scale values ​​output from the data correction unit (400). Additionally, the calculated elevation difference can be displayed through a digital display device and recorded in a survey data storage device.

[0066] Hereinafter, an adaptive atmospheric correction leveling method performed through an adaptive atmospheric correction leveling system according to one embodiment of the present invention described above will be explained in detail.

[0067] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the entire process of an adaptive atmospheric correction leveling method performed through an adaptive atmospheric correction leveling system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] As illustrated in FIG. 3, the adaptive atmospheric correction level measurement method of the present embodiment may include steps (a) through (e).

[0069] (a) Step is a step in which the first sensor unit (100) measures the standing state of a reference point where a leveler (10) is installed and generates first standing information.

[0070] The first sensor unit (100) can measure temperature, atmospheric pressure, and humidity at preset time intervals at a position adjacent to the objective lens of the level (10). The measured data can be processed as the average value of x measurements (x > 0) to remove noise. For example, the temperature can be measured in units of 0.1℃, the atmospheric pressure in units of 0.1hPa, and the humidity in units of 0.1%RH.

[0071] (b) Step is a step in which the second sensor unit (200) measures the standing state of the height measurement point where the leveling rod (20) is installed and generates second standing information.

[0072] The second sensor unit (200) can measure the standing state in the same manner as the first sensor unit (100) at a position corresponding to the height of the sighting axis of the level (10) in the longitudinal direction of the leveling rod (20). Additionally, as described above, the second sensor unit (200) can adjust the measurement position by moving up and down along the leveling rod (20) according to the change in the height of the sighting axis.

[0073] (c) Step is a step in which the refractive index calculation unit (300) calculates the atmospheric refractive index between the level (10) and the leveling rod (20) based on the first atmospheric information and the second atmospheric information.

[0074] In this process, the refractive index is calculated from the first atmospheric information and the second atmospheric information, respectively, and then the final atmospheric refractive index can be calculated through their arithmetic mean.

[0075] (d) is a step in which the data correction unit (400) receives the observed scale value of the level (20) measured by the level (10), corrects it based on the atmospheric refractive index, and derives the final scale value.

[0076] In this process, the observed scale value can be corrected using a correction factor that considers the atmospheric refractive index and the measurement distance.

[0077] Step (e) is a step in which the elevation calculation unit (800) calculates the difference in elevation by calculating the difference in the final scale values ​​of a different pair of leveling rods (20). To this end, steps (a) through (d) can be performed for each of a different pair of leveling rods (20) installed at different height measurement points.

[0078] Below, steps (c) and (d) will be explained in more detail.

[0079] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the detailed process of step (c) in an adaptive atmospheric correction leveling method performed through an adaptive atmospheric correction leveling system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0080] As illustrated in FIG. 4, in this embodiment, step (c) may include steps (c-1) through (c-3) in detail.

[0081] (c-1) Step is a step in which the refractive index calculation unit (300) calculates the first refractive index from the first atmospheric information using a relationship that is inversely proportional to temperature and humidity and proportional to atmospheric pressure.

[0082] At this time, the first refractive index can be calculated through the following mathematical formula 1.

[0084]

[0086] Here, K1 is a correction constant and may be a correction value for the refractive index of dry air that can have a value of 0.776×10^-6 K / Pa approved by the International Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM), and K2 is a correction constant and may be a correction value for the refractive index of water vapor that can have a value of 0.716×10^-6 K / Pa approved by the International Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM).

[0087] And P1 is the atmospheric pressure (Pa) measured by the first sensor unit (100), which can be measured in hPa units and then converted into Pa units for use (1 hPa = 100 Pa).

[0088] Also, T1 is the absolute temperature (K) calculated by adding 273.15 to the Celsius temperature measured by the first sensor unit (100).

[0089] e1 is the water vapor pressure (Pa) measured by the first sensor unit (100), and can be calculated as follows using the Magnus-Tetens formula valid for the range of -45°C to +60°C as certified by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).

[0091]

[0093] Here, RH1 is the relative humidity (%) measured by the first sensor unit (100), and t1 is the temperature in degrees Celsius (°C). At this time, since the calculated water vapor pressure value is in the hPa unit, it can be converted to the Pa unit by multiplying by 100.

[0094] (c-2) Step is a step in which the refractive index calculation unit (300) calculates the second refractive index from the second atmospheric information using a relationship that is inversely proportional to temperature and humidity and proportional to atmospheric pressure. The second refractive index can be calculated through mathematical formula 3.

[0096]

[0098] The variables used here can be applied in the same way as the first refractive index calculation process, except that the values ​​measured in the second sensor unit (200) are used.

[0099] The measurement accuracy of each sensor can be set to temperature ±0.1℃, atmospheric pressure ±0.2hPa, and relative humidity ±1%RH, and the uncertainty in the refractive index calculation accordingly can be maintained within ±1×10^-6.

[0100] (c-3) Step is a step in which the refractive index calculation unit (300) calculates the atmospheric refractive index as the arithmetic mean of the first refractive index and the second refractive index. The calculated atmospheric refractive index can represent the average refractive characteristics for the entire optical path between the level (10) and the leveling rod (20) and can be used to calculate a correction value according to the measurement distance.

[0101] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the detailed process of step (d) in an adaptive atmospheric correction leveling method performed through an adaptive atmospheric correction leveling system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0102] As illustrated in FIG. 5, in this embodiment, step (d) may include steps (d-1) through (d-3) in detail.

[0103] Step (d-1) is the step in which the data correction unit (400) receives the straight distance between the level (10) and the leveling rod (20).

[0104] At this time, the straight-line distance can be automatically measured and input through the distance measuring unit (500), and the measured distance value can be displayed down to the millimeter (mm) unit.

[0105] Step (d-2) is a step in which the data correction unit (400) calculates a correction factor by multiplying the straight distance and the atmospheric refractive index.

[0106] The correction factor for this course can be calculated through the following mathematical formula 4.

[0108]

[0110] Here, n is the atmospheric refractive index calculated in step (c), and L is the straight-line distance (m) entered in step (d-1). The correction factor can be calculated by converting it to the same unit (mm) as the unit of the observed scale value.

[0111] The sign of the correction factor can be determined by adding it to the observed scale value, and a negative correction value can be calculated when positive refraction occurs, and a positive correction value can be calculated when negative refraction occurs.

[0112] Step (d-3) is a step in which the data correction unit (400) applies a correction factor to the observed scale value to derive the final scale value. The observed scale value is the scale of the leveling rod (20) read through the level (10), and is a value that includes an error due to atmospheric refraction. The final scale value can be calculated by adding a correction factor to such an observed scale value.

[0114]

[0116] Here, both the observed scale value and the final scale value can be displayed in millimeters (mm) and can be calculated up to the first decimal place. The data correction unit (400) can use 64-bit floating-point operations of the IEEE 754 standard to minimize numerical errors that may occur during the correction process.

[0117] The calculated final scale value can be displayed via a digital display and stored in internal memory for use in subsequent calculations. Additionally, the data correction unit (400) can store various parameters used in the correction process together so that they can be used for verifying the reliability of the measurement value or for post-analysis.

[0118] Below, algorithms that may be additionally applied in this embodiment will be described in more detail.

[0119] In this embodiment, the data correction unit (400) can automatically adjust the measurement interval according to the rate of change of the standby state. Automatic adjustment of the measurement interval can be achieved by analyzing changes in consecutive measurement values.

[0120] The data correction unit (400) can calculate the rate of change of the atmospheric state measured by the first sensor unit (100) and the second sensor unit (200). The rate of change can be calculated as the amount of change per unit time for each of the temperature, atmospheric pressure, and humidity.

[0122]

[0124] Here, T, P, and H are the measured values ​​of temperature, pressure, and humidity, respectively, and t is the time of measurement. The rate of change can be expressed as the amount of change per unit time.

[0125] The measurement interval can be adjusted according to the magnitude of the rate of change. If the rate of change of all measured values ​​is less than a preset first threshold, the standby state is determined to be stable, and the measurement interval can be increased.

[0126] On the other hand, if the rate of change of any single measurement exceeds a preset second threshold, it is determined that the standby state is unstable, and the measurement interval may be reduced.

[0127] For the rate of change in the intermediate range, the measurement interval can be determined through linear interpolation. The measurement interval τ can be calculated using the following mathematical formula 7.

[0129]

[0131] Here, τmax is the maximum measurement interval, τmin is the minimum measurement interval, R is the current rate of change, Rmin is the rate of change threshold of the steady state, and Rmax is the rate of change threshold of the unstable state.

[0132] The data correction unit (400) can individually analyze the rate of change of temperature, atmospheric pressure, and humidity measured by each sensor and select the shortest measurement interval as the final measurement interval. This is to perform more dense measurements in the event that any single measurement value shows a rapid change.

[0133] Additionally, the data correction unit (400) can detect periodic fluctuation patterns through time series analysis of the measured data. It can analyze the periodicity of the change in the atmospheric state through Fourier transform and predictively set an optimal measurement interval based on this. If periodic fluctuation is detected, the measurement interval can be automatically adjusted so that measurements are performed at an interval sufficiently shorter than the fluctuation period.

[0134] Additionally, in this embodiment, the data correction unit (400) can detect and correct micro-vibrations occurring during the measurement process. Vibration correction can be performed based on vibration data collected through acceleration sensors installed on the level (10) and the leveling rod (20).

[0135] Vibration data can be collected through a 3-axis acceleration sensor, and the collected data can be analyzed in the frequency domain. The data correction unit (400) can analyze the frequency spectrum of the vibration using a fast Fourier transform. Through this, periodic vibrations and irregular vibrations can be distinguished, and different correction methods can be applied to each.

[0136] Vibrations can be classified into internal vibrations and external vibrations depending on their cause. Internal vibrations are vibrations caused by mechanical factors of the measuring equipment itself, while external vibrations are vibrations caused by external factors such as ground vibrations, wind, and vehicle traffic. The data correction unit (400) can automatically classify the type of vibration by analyzing the frequency characteristics and amplitude of the vibration.

[0137] The data correction unit (400) can convert vibration data into displacement over time. The displacement can be calculated by integrating the acceleration data twice, and in this process, the integration constant can be corrected using the reference point of the level (10) and the reference point of the leveling rod (20).

[0138] Correction of measurement values ​​due to vibration can be performed through the following process. First, multiple measurement values ​​are obtained by performing continuous measurements for a period longer than the measured vibration period. Subsequently, each measurement value is corrected considering the displacement caused by vibration, and then the weighted average of the corrected measurements is calculated. The weights can be set to be inversely proportional to the intensity of the vibration.

[0139] Additionally, the data correction unit (400) may pause the measurement and wait until the vibration is dampened when the intensity of the vibration exceeds a set threshold. The vibration damping time may be automatically calculated based on the frequency characteristics of the vibration, and the measurement may be automatically resumed after damping.

[0140] The data correction unit (400) can track the location of the vibration source. By analyzing the phase difference of the vibration measured by the level (10) and the leveling rod (20), the direction of vibration propagation can be determined, and the distance to the vibration source can be estimated through the vibration damping characteristics. This information can be used to re-select the measurement location or establish vibration prevention measures.

[0141] Additionally, in this embodiment, the data correction unit (400) may include a phase correction function that measures and corrects phase delay. Phase correction can be performed by analyzing the phase change of the light wave emitted from the level (10).

[0142] For phase correction, the level (10) may include a reference light source and a measurement light source. The reference light source may propagate through a fixed path inside the equipment to provide a reference phase, and the measurement light source may travel back and forth to the level (20) through an actual measurement path to provide a measurement phase.

[0143] The data correction unit (400) can calculate the phase delay amount by analyzing the difference between the reference phase and the measured phase. The phase delay amount may include both path delay and medium delay that occur as the light wave travels through the atmosphere. Path delay is a delay caused by geometric distance, and medium delay is a delay caused by changes in the refractive index of the atmosphere.

[0144] The phase delay amount can be corrected through the following process. First, the total phase delay amount is calculated from the difference between the reference phase and the measured phase. Subsequently, the medium delay amount is calculated using the atmospheric information measured by the first sensor unit (100) and the second sensor unit (200). By separating the medium delay amount from the total phase delay amount, the pure path delay amount can be calculated.

[0145] The data correction unit (400) can measure the distance between the level (10) and the leveling rod (20) with ultra-precision through phase delay analysis. Since the distance measurement using phase delay is based on the wavelength of the light wave, it can secure sub-millimeter level precision.

[0146] In addition, the data correction unit (400) can detect minute changes in atmospheric refractive index by applying the interferometer principle. By dividing the measurement light source into two or more paths and proceeding, and then analyzing the phase difference for each path, local changes in refractive index along the optical path can be detected. Through this, the precision of atmospheric correction can be improved.

[0147] Phase ambiguity that may occur during the phase correction process can be resolved by using multiple wavelengths. By using light sources of different wavelengths, the periodicity of the phase difference can be eliminated, thereby enabling absolute distance measurement.

[0148] Preferred embodiments according to the present invention have been described above, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that, in addition to the embodiments described above, the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive, and accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the description above but may be modified within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. Explanation of the symbols

[0149] 10: Level 20: Pyocheok 100: First sensor unit 200: Second sensor unit 300: Refractive index calculation unit 400: Data Correction Section 500: Distance measuring unit 600: Horizontal sensing unit 700: Vertical sensing unit 800: High-level computation unit

Claims

Claim 1 An adaptive atmospheric correction leveling system comprising: a level so that a sighting axis can be horizontally installed at a reference point; a leveling rod with a scale marked along the length direction and installed vertically at a height measurement point; a first sensor unit that measures the atmospheric condition of the reference point to generate first atmospheric information; a second sensor unit that measures the atmospheric condition of the height measurement point to generate second atmospheric information; a refractive index calculation unit that calculates the atmospheric refractive index between the level and the leveling rod based on the first atmospheric information and the second atmospheric information; and a data correction unit that receives the observed scale value of the leveling rod measured by the level, corrects it based on the atmospheric refractive index, and derives a final scale value. Claim 2 An adaptive atmospheric correction leveling system according to claim 1, wherein the first sensor unit is installed at a position adjacent to the objective lens of the level and the second sensor unit is installed to be movable up and down along the leveling rod to measure atmospheric conditions on the optical path. Claim 3 In claim 1, the first sensor unit and the second sensor unit comprise an adaptive atmospheric correction level measurement system including a temperature sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, and a humidity sensor. Claim 4 An adaptive atmospheric correction leveling system according to claim 1, further comprising a distance measuring unit for measuring the straight distance between the level and the leveling rod. Claim 5 An adaptive atmospheric correction leveling system according to claim 1, further comprising: a horizontal sensing unit for detecting the horizontal state of the leveling axis; and a vertical sensing unit for detecting the vertical state of the leveling rod. Claim 6 An adaptive atmospheric correction leveling system according to claim 1, further comprising an elevation calculation unit that calculates the difference in height between a different pair of leveling rods by calculating the difference in the final scale values ​​of each of a different pair of leveling rods installed at different height measurement points.

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